牛津译林版2019-2020学年第二学期初二英语Unit7导学案
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2019-2020学年第二学期初二英语Unit7导学案
重点单词
especially adv. 特别,尤其
basic adj.基础的,基本的
education n. 教育
equal adj. 平等的
right n. 权利
spread n. 扩散;分布;展开
interviewer n. 采访者
mostly adv. 主要地,大部份地
case n. 病例;案例
cure vt. 治愈
medical adj. 医学的,医疗的
treatment n. 治疗
patient n. 病人
afford vt. 买得起;能做
operate vi. 做手术
proud adj. 自豪的,骄傲的 reader n. 读者
medicine n. 医学;药
develop vi.&vt. 发展;加强
treat vt. 治疗;处理
leaflet n. 传单;散页印刷品
hold vt. 举行
set vt.&vi. 创建,建立
including prep.包括,包含
war n. 战争
organize (=organise)vt. 组织
pale adj. 苍白的
matter n. 事情,问题
check n. 检查
secretary n. 秘书
India n. 印度
officer n. 官员
blind adj. 失明的
重点词汇
1. especially adverb /ɪˈspeʃ.əl.i/
very much; more than usual or more than other people or things 特别,尤其,格外;专门,特地
eg:
She's not especially interested in sport. 她对体育运动不是特别感兴趣。
2. cure verb /kjʊər/
1). to make someone with an illness healthy again 治愈,治好
eg:
The medicine won't cure her - it merely stops the pain. 这种药并不能治好她的病---只能止疼。
2). to solve a problem 解决(问题)
eg:
The president and his advisors meet this week to discuss how to cure inflation.
财政部长们本周将举行会晤讨论如何解决通货膨胀问题。
3. afford verb /əˈfɔːd/
1). to be able to buy or do something because you have enough money or time
买得起;(有时间)做,能做
eg:
I don't know how he can afford a new car on his salary. 我不知道他靠工资怎么能买得起新车。
2). formal to allow someone to have something pleasant or necessary 提供;给予
eg:
Her seat afforded her an uninterrupted view of the stage. 她的座位很好,可以一览无余地看到整个舞台。
★ can afford
eg:
We couldn't afford to pay the lawyer's fee. 我们负担不起律师费。
4. proud adjective /praʊd/
1). feeling pleasure and satisfaction because you or people connected with you have done or got
something good 自豪的,得意的
eg:
You must be very proud of your son. 你一定为你的儿子感到非常自豪。
2). having or showing respect for yourself 有自尊心的,自尊的,自重的
eg:
He might be poor but he's also proud, and he won't be pushed around by anyone.
他可能很穷,可是他也有自尊心,他不会受任何人摆布的。
3). feeling that you are better and more important than other people 骄傲的,傲慢的,自负的
eg:
She knows she's lost, but she's too proud to admit it.
她知道自己失败了,可是她太自负了,不肯承认。
5. mostly adverb /ˈməʊst.li/
mainly 通常;大多数
eg:
In the smaller towns, it's mostly (= usually) very quiet at nights.
在小村庄里,晚上通常很安静。
The band are mostly (= most of them are) teenagers.
我想这支乐队的成员大多数是十几岁的青少年。
重要短语
on board 在飞机(船、火车)上 carry on 继续开展,继续下去
hand out 分发;提出 set up 建起,设立
make up one's mind 决定 go to hospital 去看病
重点句型
1. Eddie, more money is needed for charity. 艾迪,做慈善还需要更多的钱。
2. However, many people don't have money for medical treatment.
然而,很多人没有钱接受医疗。
3. Many of our patients can't afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them.
很多我们的病人无法承担医疗费,所以我们要帮助他们。
4. On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations. 义务工作的医生在飞机上做手术。
5. What's the matter? 发生什么事情了?
6. Take this medicine after meals three times a day. 饭后服用这种药,每天三次。
重要考点
一、语法考点
被动语态 1. 概念:表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。被动语态(passive voice)是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态常用于陈述事实,一般用在科技文章或新闻报道中。
2. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换
主动语态变被动语态时,主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语,主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的执行者。
3. 被动语态的构成:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。
4. 一般现在时被动语态的谓语结构及各种句式:
1). 谓语结构:is/ am/ are+.及物动词的过去分词
2). 各种句式:
肯定式:The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天被打扫。
否定式:The classroom isn't cleaned every day. 教室不是每天被打扫。
一般疑问句:Is the classroom cleaned every day? 教室是每天被打扫吗?
特殊疑问句:What is cleaned every day? 什么每天被打扫?
5. 一般过去时被动语态的谓语结构及各种句式:
1). 谓语结构:was/ were +.及物动词的过去分词
2). 各种句式:
肯定式: The ruler was found under the desk. 尺子是在书桌下被找到的。
否定式: The ruler wasn't found under the desk. 尺子不是在书桌下被找到的。
一般疑问句: Was the ruler found under the desk? 尺子是在书桌下被找到的吗?
特殊疑问句:Where was the ruler found? 尺子是在哪儿找到的?
6. 使用被动语态需要注意的几个特殊问题。
1). 带介词的不及物动词在变为被动语态时,介词不能漏掉。
2). 当动词由不带to 的动词不定式作宾补时,在被动语态中,应加上动词不定式符号“to”。
3). 当动词带双宾语时,在被动语态中,将其中的一个宾语作主语,另一个不动;如果是将指物的作主语,则在另一个指人的宾语前应加上介词“to”或“for,具体用哪一个根据动词来确定。
二、易错点
1. be used as; be used for; be used by
1). be used as意为“被用作;被当作……使用”。
eg:
Last Sunday our classroom was used as a meeting room.
上个星期天我们的教室被用作了会议室。
2). be used for意为“被用来做……”。介词for后常接名词或v.-ing
eg:
A knife is used for cutting things. 刀子被用来切东西。
3). be used by意为“被……使用”。
eg:
English is used by travellers and businessmen. 英语被旅行者和商人使用。
2. build; put up; set up