Unit1Study＆PracticeⅡ. Paragraph Analysis1. a2. c3. b4. c 5 .b 6 .cⅢ.Vocabulary Activities1.1) given 2) at a glance 3)fluency 4）Given 5) hopefully 6) define7）looked(him)up 8) no good 9)context 10)guidance11) immediate 12) disgust 13) come across 14)recognition15)scope2.1) washed his hands of 2) given 3) was confronted with 4) countering5) were reduced to eating 6) at a glance 7) took refuge in8) less practicable 9) countered 10) dedication 11) in disgust12) relied on 13) shorts-cuts to3,1) Without suitable entertainment, these young people often get bored and take refuge in drinking and taking drugs.2) The school washed its hands of the students’ behavior during the spring recess.3) His cruel remarks reduced the innocent girl to tears.4) Many difficult words are out of the scope of this learner’s dictionary.5) The thief admitted his guilt as soon as he was confronted with the evidence.6) The incident should be viewed in the wider context of the political turmoil of that time.4.1) has come down 2) came to 3) comes out 4)come up to5) come in 6) came across 7) has come about 8) come off9) come to 10) give up 11) was given back 12) give away13) gave out 14）give in 15) gives off/outⅣ.Cloze1. express2. both3. intended4. still5. where6. personal7. of 8.them 9. make 10. before 11. still 12. before13. fluent 14. while 15. enough 16. on 17. in 18. In19. find 20. who 21. carefully 22. to 23. possible 24. make25. depend 26. than 27. made 28. use 29. phrases 30. above31. on 32. demonstrate 33. out 34. writingⅤ. Passage Translation（省略）Reading ActivityExercise A1.d2.d3.b4.c5.c6.c7.d8.c9.dExercise B1. d2. h3. g4. c5. f6. a7. j8. I9. b 10. e1. flexible2. haphazard3. established4. land5. mediocrity6. identical7. assurance8. device9. a host of 10. quadrupledUnit 2Study &PracticeII. Comprehension Questions5. b6. c7. c 10. aParagraph Analysis: The Outline(Paras. 3-6)III. We are losing this fifth freedom through three misunderstandings.(Para. 4) A. The first misunderstanding is that of the meaning of democracy.1.We think that democracy in education means gearing all courses to the middle level.2.We reject special programs and schools for superior students as undemocratic.(Para. 5) B. The second misunderstanding is that of the meaning of happiness.1.This misunderstanding results from our stress on comfort rather than on accomplishment.2.The stress on material well-being has been reflected in the schools by too little discipline and too easysubjects.(Para. 6) C. The third misunderstanding is that of ultimate values.1.These values have been denied in recent teacher education.2.The inevitable result in mass selfishness is already evident.(Paras. 7-9)IV. To assure our children the freedom to develop, we must challenge their abilities.(Para.7) A. we can give them a demanding curriculum.1.Michelangelo did not learn to paint by doodling.2.Mozart did not become a pianist by watching television.3.They, like Eve Curie and Helen Keller, were challenged by disciplined training.(Para. 8) B. We can give them the right to failure.1.We must not give high school diplomas without regard to merit.2.We must be realistic about failure to meet standards and must teach our children realism.(Para. 9) C. We can give them the best values we know.1.We can show them what history has taught us to be true.2.These truths may inspire us to make a ringing message that could mean true freedom for them.V ocabulary Activities1.1-5 notion, inhabited; denial; independent; realistic; passed for6-10 consequent; a handful of; as opposed to; urged, influential; eternal11-16 descendants; cherish; related; denial, was opposed to; haunted; discerned2.1-14 combat; capabilities; eternal; opposed to; outstanding; stake…on; no wonder; In the light of; discern; paralyzed; crying for; were not awakened to; consequent; sensitive to3.1. No wonder that the children are excited, this is the first time they’ve been abroad.2. Now that she’s got a part-time job, she is financially independent of her family.3. As a charity, we provide food and shelter for people in need, regardless of the reasons for their need.4. The depression that started in mid-1929 was a catastrophe of unprecedented dimensions for the United States.5. Even to this day, the memory of hunger in his childhood still haunts him.6. Robert overcame his shyness which had formerly paralyzed him in Mary’s presence.4. Translation1.I don’t think it is realistic to turn to him for help.2.More and more people are being awakened to the urgent need of combating air pollution.3.There are visible signs that some of the age-old traditions and values are no longer cherished by the young people.4.Many of us find the notion of a boundless universe hard to grasp.5.There being so many loopholes in the laws and regulations, it is no wonder that a handful of speculators got rich overnight.6.An unprecedented boom in tourism brought sudden prosperity to the small border town, which was formerly inhabited by only300 people.7.In the light of the information, that country already has the capabilities to make nuclear weapons.8. Regardless of repeated warnings from his friends, he staked all his money on high-risk ventures.5. Phrasal Verbs1.Early rising makes for good health.2.I don’t know. I couldn’t make out the expression on his face.3.I’m sorry I can’t quite make out what you mean.4.No, she made the whole thing up.5.Well, I have to make up the hour we lost in Chicago.6.I learned from his wife that he had passed away before my letter reached him.7.I think it can pass for silk.8.It says the storm will pass off before dark.9.Well, I passed it on to the manager.10.Perhaps we can pass on to the next one.11.I think he will pass it over for this once.Cloze1.other2. magazines3. consider4. times5. answered6. ways7. questions 8. offer 9. differ 10. for 11. themselves 12. to13. open 14. making 15. so 16. single 17. with 18. Others 19. young20. private 21. than 22. curriculum 23. kinds 24. Should 25. amount26. or 27. charge 28. whatReading activity B1.go against the grain2.bent on3.elite4.preoccupied with5.echo6.set in my ways7.on his mind8.get through9.were lingering10.wary ofPrecis writingMore than three centuries ago a few pioneers came to America in search of the freedoms we still cherish: freedom from want andfour, that we are in danger of losing--- the freedom to be one’s best.This freedom is in danger because of three misunderstandings. The first is about the meaning of democracy. The second is about what makes for happiness. The third is about the importance of values. As a result, all our standards have deteriorated alarmingly.To preserve the fifth freedom, we must give our children the most challenging curriculum possible, the right to fail, and the best values that history has taught us.Unit 3Study & PracticeⅡ.Comprehension Questions3. c 6. b 9. d 11. bⅢ. Outlining Activity1. The most important psychological discovery of this century is the discovery of the “self-image”.A.Self-image is our opinion of ourselves.B.All of us have it and we do not question its validity, but proceed to act upon it just as if it were true.2.This self-image becomes a golden key to living a better life because of two important discoveries.3.The first important discovery is that all our actions, feelings, behavior and abilities are always consistent with thisself-images.A.People tend to act like the sort of person they think themselves to be.B.Self-image is a base upon which their entire personality and behavior are built.C.They are unaware of the true causes of their troubles.4.The second important discovery is that one’s self-image can be changed at any time in his life.A.Up to now our efforts at change have been directed to the circumference of the self instead of the center.B.“Positive thinking” about a particular thing will not help as long as we hold a negative self-image.5.Prescott Lecky is often mentioned because he was a pioneer in self-image psychology.A.He was a school teacher and made experiment on thousands of students to help themChange their self-images.B.He believed that if a student could change his self-image, his learning ability would change too.C.The real trouble with those students was an inadequate or negative self-image.IV. Vocabulary Activities1.1) accordingly 2) credits 3) ideal 4) honorable 5) conceive of6) defect 7) conception 8) premise 9) objective 10) lies in11) have borne out 12) induce 13) vicious 14) venture15) as the case may be2.1) ideal 2) objective 3) negative about 4) honorable 5) external6) as the case may be 7) premise 8) prevailed upon 9) defects10) accordingly 11) is not consistent/inconsistent with12) a miraculous 13) conceive of 14) verified 15)induce 16)vicious3.1) This medicine is for external use ,not to be taken orally.2) It never occurred to him that people could deliberately do harm to others purely out of malice.3) An atmosphere of warm friendship prevailed at the reception.4) Many women can identify with the movie’s heroine, who struggles to gain respect and fulfill her ambitions.5) He claimed credit for the success of this project even though he had contributed very little.6) Women are often the first to victim to rising unemployment at a time of recession.7) What he does is not consistent with what he says.8) I will start working or pursue graduate studies, as the case may be.1) set up 2) set side 3) set back 4) set out 5) set about 6) set off7) was going on 8) went on 9) go by 10) has gone without11) go after 12) went through with 13)go over 14) go into15) went off 16) are going in forV. Cloze.1) as 2) in 3) confirm 4) stupid 5) way 6) rather 7) that8) out 9) longer 10) how 11) from 12) sales 13) to14) continued 15) more 16) still 17) not 18) self-image19) certain 20) from 21) from 22) comePassage translationIf you started on some venture and failed, do not despair/ lose heart. There is a world of difference between “I have failed three times” and “I am a failure.” So long as you do not hold a negative concept of self or identify with failures but try to learn from them, you stand a good chance to succeed in the future. Did it ever occur to you that those who fail repeatedly are often victims of a poor self-image? Often their failures are due to internal causes rather than external causes. Numerous cases have borne it out that if they can be induced to change their viewpoint and construct a positive self-image, miraculous changes may take place in their performance. Success can come anytime---at thirty, forty or even after a lifetime of apparent failure. Early triumphs may be sweet, but success in later life often tastes even better.Reading ActivityExercises BII.1.transition2.unique3.spontaneous4.status quo5.appropriate6.potentials7.facilitate8.enhance9.rigid10.break away from11.equivalents12.orthodoxWriting practiceSome young people seem to have pessimistic outlook on life. They tend to believe they will never amount to much because they are not talented in anything whatsoever. Yet I think they are far from justified in feeling that way.These young men and women may have met with failures at one time or another, consequently they generalize about their abilities and aptitudes and conclude that they won’t be able to get very far in life. It needs to be pointed out here, however, that generalization is often dangerous. Just because one fails in one area doesn’t mean he will be unsuccessful in another. As a matter of fact, there are other options for his life if the path he chooses leads to failure.Furthermore, success belongs to the persevering, as the saying goes. Instead of asking themselves how much genius they have displayed, young people should ask themselves how hard they have worked. So long as they persist in their efforts, they are bound to get somewhere. As is known to all, the early life of many a great man was a mess. Thomas Edison’s teacher tried to get him out of the class because he was “addled”. Charles Darwin’s father once shouted: “You care for nothing but shooting dogs and rat-catching, and you will be a disgrace to yourself and all your family!” But later they responded to the challenge of their lives by great perseverance and success finally came their way.Obviously no young person need be pessimistic about his future. He has one special advantage over the greatest man alive--- time! Seize the hour! Seize the minute! It’s never too late for success.Unit 4Study & PracticeIII. Vocabulary Activities1.1) ahead of the pack 2) priorities 3) permissive 4) be tailored to5)assumption 6) eligible 7) stopped by 8) correlation 9) in between10) prestigious 11) enrich 12) Excessive 13) the norm 14) rot15) epidemic 16) presume/presumed 17) exceptional 18) took charge of2.1) looked upon as 2) sprouted up 3) more likely than not 4) presumed5) eligible 6) correlation 7) take the initiative to 8) competence9) tremendous 10) staying ahead of the pack 11) exceptional12) self-esteem 13) carve out 14) involved in3.1) Harvard, Yale, and Stanford are all exceptional in academic excellence.2) Statistics show that violent crime has been an epidemic in all big U.S. citied.3) Don’t you think high school students are being pushed too hard for good grades.4) Rational persons are most unlikely to go to extremes, for they tend to stick to the middle ground they’ve occupied.5) For a team, the most important thing is to have close teamwork ; the rest will take care of itself6) We should be as concerned with the development of variety as with the improvement on quality.4. Translation1. Far from being permissive, many parents are putting tremendous pressure on their children to be exceptional in everything.2. Owing to her academic excellence, this Changsha girl has been accepted by several prestigious American universities, includingHarvard, Yale and MIT.3. Many parents start their children in piano or violin lessons at ever-earlier ages in hopes that they will become exceptional pianistsor violinists.4. In modern society, clothing styles change yearly. Some are in this year but will be out the next.5. More likely than not, what this ‘new’ parenting idea brings about will be ‘super problems’ rather than ‘super kids’.6. Young people should be given the opportunity to take the initiative, to take responsibility for their mistakes and credit for theirachievements.7. In my view, he is so weak-willed that he could hardly give up smoking. To my surprise, he has easily cured himself of this badhabit.8. Demands on students have to be tailored to their interests and abilities.5.1-8 looking forward…to; looked on; look up to/look on; Look out; look up; look into; looked upon as; look down on9-16 look back; Looking through; looked over; looking back on; took off; take to; took on; taken on17-24 took…for; takes after/took after; took down; taken in; took over; taken up; take in; take upIV. Cloze1-12 just; around; directions; why; major; in; with; language; pairs; makes; to; groups13-25 low-status; hold; skill; purpose; in; out; case; men; where; which; by; from; costV. Error Correction1. tried-managed2. (in)the(mid-1970s)3. handwriting-handwritten4. eighth-eight5. for-/6.illterate-literate7.to-for8. parenting-parental 9. between-of 10. for-toExercise A1.N2. N3. Y4. NG5. in the college dining hall/went through all sorts of interviews6. A full-time job supervising student labor in the dining hall7. settle for a job as a bookstore clerk8. mild irony9. a classicist working in the capacity as a bookstore clerk10. it’s about time college graduates from the class of ’86 started their lucky or unlucky life journey! Or: it’s about time for college graduates from the class of 1986 to start their lucky or unlucky life journey!Exercise B1-10 thrive on; minimal; persisted in; ultimate; aptitude; plight; enthusiastic; otherwise; is/was supervising; inquiries;11-20 entails; simultaneous; desperate for; be taken into account; pursue; prospective; at the mercy of; recession; contagious; unconcernedWriting PracticeThese days, after-school classes for children are very popular in china. The classes cover a dizzying array of subjects and skills such as music, dancing, painting, calligraphy, computer, oratory, essay writing, mathematics, and foreign languages---just to name a few.Do children really gain extra benefit from these extra classes? The answer depends very much on whether the children themselves wish to attend them. If the children uncover some intrinsic happiness because of the lessons, then by nurturing and developing their talents, they do learn something. If, however, they are just being compelled by their parents to attend, then very likely everyone ends up disappointed with the final result. All will have been for no gain or pleasure, and ultimately just a waste of time. So while piano lessons may well be a blessing for one child, they may just likely end up a curse for another.Besides the issue of motivation, parents must also be careful not to over-schedule their child. Some parents try to fill up every minute of their child’s life with so-called ‘meaningful’ activities. Weekends get crammed with a variety of supplementary classes, and the child I rushed from one classroom to another. As a result, he or she is under tremendous pressure, and may even lack adequate sleep, all of which may lead to serious mental and physical problems.So, after-school classes have a positive effect only when the child truly wishes to take them and also has enough time and energy to truly commit to them.Unit 5Study＆PracticeⅠ. Comprehension Questions3.c4.d5.b 7.d 8.d 11.bⅡ. Outlining Activity3. The Church banned Copernicus’ book, burned Bruno at the stake and imprisoned Galileo for popularizing Copernicus’ and his own scientific ideas.4. Every age has one or more groups of intellectual rebels who are persecuted, condemned or suppressed; but to a later age, they seem harmless and often essential to the improvement of human conditions.5. Most people have believed that the enormous success of science is due to the use of a scientific method by scientists and Galileo is known as the “Father of the Scientific Method”.6. Rather than the scientific method, the scientific attitude is the key to the success of science.7. Scientists must accept facts whether they like them or not and they must be good at changing their minds because the purpose of science is not to defend their beliefs but to improve them.8. Honesty is the most valuable quality of scientists because it is not only essential to the progress of science but also a matter of self-interest to the scientists themselves.Ⅲ. Vocabulary Activities1.1) distinguish between 2) opposition 3) to the contrary 4) procedures5) in principle 6）proportional 7) rebels 8) strive for13) speculation 14) banned 15) outweigh 16) formulated, represented17) ingredients 18) circulated 19) retain 20) pointed out21) condemned2. 1) took his word for it 2) formulated 3) adequate 4) met with5) representing 6）strive 7) immense 8) infinite 9) adopt10) persecuted 11) circulates 12) retaining 13) are subjected to14) its outcome 15) modified 16) condemned 17) suppressing18) largely 19) ingredient 20）criteria3. 1) You’ll buy nothing but trouble if you buy that house, take my word for it.2) Dr. Li has always been credited with being able to understand and sympathize with his patients.3) If I don’t hear anything to the contrary, I’ll come and meet you on July 8th.4) It’s very important to follow the safety procedures laid down in the service manual.5) The new Medicare program puts a high premium on prevention and primary care.6) Children’s comics were banned back then at home because my parents thought they weren’t a good influence.7) It’s essential that children be taught to distinguish right from wrong.8) The number of representatives each state is entitled to is proportional to the size of its population.9) A novelist cannot be a great one unless he has a well-developed insight into human nature.10) More and more people have come to realize that cancer of the lung has more to do with smoking than with anything else.11) Late frosts account for the poor fruit-crop of this year.12) What’s the matter with you today! Everything I say you contradict.Ⅳ. Cloze1.questions2. solving3. out4. between5. establishing6. these7. with8. science9. do 10. in 11. so 12. universe13. highest 14. dislikes 15. did 16. unpleasant 17. believe18. hear 19. flying 20. breathe 21. age 22. terms23. reverse 24. serve 25. those 26. themselves 27. toV. Passage TranslationScientists are a small group of people who strive to gain insights into nature and seek order in seeming disorderliness. They are credited with a special ability to think and analyze, and with infinite patience in making observations and collecting data. But ability and patience do not account for all scientific discoveries, which often have much to do with creative imagination. Indeed, a leap of imagination is often the first step towards discovery. In addition, scientists are also noted for their honesty. They put a high premium on honesty, largely because it is essential to their profession. Every theory they put forward is subjected to further testing. Every mistake or lie is bound to be found out. Therefore, if any evidence is found contradicting their ideas, scientists do not suppress the evidence, but modify or even abandon their ideas. In this way, they have accumulated immense knowledge, which helps us understand better ourselves and the world around us.Reading ActivityExercise A1. c2. c3. a4. d5. d6. Behavioral: b, c, e, g, h, i Medical: a, d, fExerciseB1. c2. e3. a4. f5. g6. b7. d8. j9. h 10. i1. serves you right2. precede3. data4. evaluate5. backs/backed up6. dramatically7. radical8. undergraduates9. plainly 10. deliveredUnit 6Text Analysis1.Title: Love StoryAuthor: Erich Segal2.Principal characters:3.PLOT:A.Exposition of Conflict1)Oliver’s father, Oliver Barrett III, sent the invitation.2)Oliver wants to ignore it.3)Jenny is ready to accept it, thinking that it’s about time for the father and son to reconcile.B.Rising Action:1)The old man is already sixty. There is no telling if he will still be living when Oliver is finally ready to be reconciledwith him.Mr. Barrett has sent the invitation. It indicates the father is reaching out to the son. They themselves will have a sonsomeday.Maybe the son will resent his father.2)Oliver is busy preparing for the exams.Jenny fails to make him change his mind.3)Jenny gives Mr. Barrett a phone call, but she does not decline the invitation immediately. She still hopes that Oliverwill change his mind at the last minute.4)He feels annoyed. He resents being involved in the matter.5)Jenny begs Oliver to say hello to his own father, because she cannot bear hurting anyone.6)No, he is not moved at all. He says he will never talk to his father.D.ResolutionJenny is gone.E.Further Rising Action1)Yes, he feels deeply regretful for what he has done.Evidence shown in the text:---“I must never be forgiven for what I have done.”---“Jesus Christ! What the hell had happened to me?”---“The pain of not knowing what to do was exceeded only by that of knowing what I had done.”F.Second Climax:Having searched everywhere without success, Oliver is about to give up hope of finding Jenny when he catches sight of her sitting on the top of the steps.G.ResolutionNo, Jenny is not at all angry with Oliver. When Oliver apologizes she cuts him off, saying “Love means not ever having to say you’re sorry.”4.THEME C5.STYLE 1) A 2) DIII. Vocabulary Activities1.1-8 virtual; reconciliation; deliberately; precedent; essence; rational; get to the point; go out of my mind9-16 immersed in; cut…off; scared to death; lost his nerve; Supreme; apology; invasion; muttering2.1-7 awaiting; lost my nerve; immersed in; alleged; deliberately; involving her in; in celebration of8-14 ironic; get to the point; yelled; is in need of; rational; fierce; squeeze3.1) Because of the bank’s refusal to give him another loan, Morris had to abandon the project.2) Although both of them were ready for reconciliation, neither was prepared to make the first move.3) The old lady nearly died of fright when a gunman suddenly appeared in front of her.4) Bob seems to have an instinct for knowing which products will sell.5) The organizers of the appeal are reaching out to the public in order to get their help.4.1) -7) cut off; cut back/cut down; cut in/ cut across; cut down; cuts in; cut…off8)-14) cut off; hangs back; hang up; hanging about; hang together; hang on; hang on toCloze1-10 other; with; increased; for; last/past; who; adult/grown-up; summed; in; who;11-20 better; teach; without; as; view; generation; granted; only; decision; importantPassage TranslationOne day, we received an invitation to my father’s birthday party. Jenny thought my father was reaching out to me for reconciliation and we should accept the invitation. I was in the midst of abstracting an important precedent and in the virtual shadow of exams, so I just told her in the simplest possible terms that there would never be reconciliation. My refusal obviously made Jenny very upset, but being a rational woman she didn’t quarrel with me. She just tried hard to persuade me. But this only filled me with fury, thinking that Jenny was just upsetting me deliberately. I must have tone out of my mind for I did something for which I would never forgive myself--- I yelled at Jenny and hurled the phone at her. But the instant I did it I regretted. And when I turned to look at her, she was already gone.I went out and searched everywhere but Jenny was nowhere to be found. I was scared to death, not knowing what to do next. Just as I was about to give up, I caught sight of her sitting in front of our house. I went up to her and said, “Jenny, I’m sorry…” but she cut off my apology and said, “Love means not ever having to say you’re sorry.”Reading ActivityExercise B1.fragrance2.knocked off3.cozy4.gasped5.discharged6.furnished7.smashed8.for dear life9.clinging10.tipped11.shove12.scrubbedUnit 7Study & PracticeⅡ. Comprehension Questions1. d2. b3. c4. d5. b6. c7. d8. d9. d 10. bⅢ.Vocabulary Activities1.1. dense2. accompanied3. theses4. disorderly5. evoked6. voluntary7. intellect8. in sequence9. deterioration10. distinguished himself 11. deviated from 12.lit up13. over the hill 14. talking shop 15. put…back together16. uncertain2.1. was confined to2. distinguished himself3. irresistible4. accompany5. accurately6. (a year) to the day7. reigned over8. Overwhelmed 9.boundary10.deviatedfrom11.outstanding//distinguished。
