2017年全国大学生英语竞赛C类初赛试题及详解【圣才出品】

2017年全国大学生英语竞赛真题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. At a bank. B. At a department store. C. At a lawyer's office.2. A. Jealous. B. Indifferent. C. Negative.3. A. A party invitation.B. A tour of the house.C. A dinner party.4. A. Policeman and driver.B. Teacher and pupil.C. Driver and actress.5. A. To attend a party.B. To the beauty salon.C. To the school.6. A. 1,090. B. 530. C. 1,060.7. A. Dec. 13th, 1906. B. Dec. 30th, 1906. C. Nov. 13th, 1916.8. A. Nothing. B. Dinner. C. A snack.9. A. In less than three days.B. In more than three days.C. In three days.10. A. To a friend's house.B. To the kindergarten.C. Do some shopping.Section B (5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. The conversation will be read only once. At the end of the conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, you must read the five questions,each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. What does Susan have to do on Saturday morning?A. Walk the dog.B. Clean the house.C. Go to the doctor's.12. What will Susan do at noon?A. Go shopping.B. Watch TV.C. Go to the dentist's.13. What time is Susan meeting with Julie?A. 12:30 am.B. 2:00 pm.C. 4:30 pm.14. How does Susan feel about her schedule on Saturday?A. Exciting.B. Disappointing.C. Exhausting.15. Why can't they watch a video at Susan's house?A. The machine doesn't work.B. They can't decide on a video.C. Susan's mother is going to use it.Section C (5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear 5 short news items. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the question and then the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.16. Who got to move to the next step?A. Andre Agassi.B. Rogen Fidow.C. Roger Federer.17. What did the gunman force the charity to do?A. Delay the operation in this area.B. Operate on their own staff.C. Attack the Sans Frontieres.18. Why were the Iraqi detainees made to pick up garbage?A. Because the serviceman abused the detainees.B. Because the commander gave the order to the serviceman.C. Because the detainees were accused.19. Where did the clash happen?A. In the West Bank.B. Near Israeli.C. Near Ariel.20. Why do the Israeli forces threaten to carry out a massive offensive against the Palestinians?A. Because Israeli troops were besieged by the Palestinians.B. Because the military operation began since last November.C. Because Palestinians killed Israelis in a suicide attack.Section D (10 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words or phrases in it. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.There are two types of people in the world. Although they have (21)________ degrees of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy, and the other becomes (22) ________. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.People who are to be happy fix their attention on the (23) ________ of things, the pleasant part of convention, the fine weather. They enjoy all the (24) ________ things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the (25) ________ things. Therefore, they are continually (26) ________. By their remarks, they sour the pleasure of society, offend many people, and make themselves (27) ________ everywhere. If this turn of mind were found in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The tendency to criticize and to be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally (28) ________. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but itmay be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects (29) ________. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly (30) ________, it has serious consequences in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 marks) Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of________ reality.A. what it is conceivedB. that is conceivedC. what is conceived to beD. that is being conceived of32. New York City collects garbage ________ $209 per family per year.A. at the cost ofB. at sacrifice ofC. in demand ofD. in support of33. I would just as soon ________ rudely to her.A. you not speakB. you won't speakC. you not speakingD. you didn't speak34. ________ so many people been out of work as today.A. More than ever beforeB. Never before haveC. In the past, there never haveD. Formerly, there never were35. We got home late last night, ________, early this morning.A. namelyB. in other wordsC. or ratherD. in any case36. The miners escaped the danger by ________.A. a hair breadthB. hair breadthC. hair's breadthD. a hair's breadth37. Praise is like warm sunshine. It not only brings joy to ________ who are praised but also adds pleasure to ________ who praise.A. these; theseB. we; usC. them; themD. those; those38. When our imports ________ our exports, we say we have a favorable trade balance; however, when our imports and exports are the other way round we say we have an unfavorable trade balance.A. fall shortB. fall short ofC. run out ofD. are lack of39. ________ that distinguish human beings from other primates are related to the ability of people to stand upright and walk on two legs.A. Many of the physical characteristicsB. Of the many physical characteristicsC. The physical characteristicsD. There are many physical characteristics40. Classical logic is characterized by a concern for the structure and elements of argument ________ that thought, language, and reality are interrelated.A. based on the beliefB. on the belief basedC. belief based on theD. the based belief on41. ________ fashioned from a wick floating in a bowl of oil functioned according to the principle of capillary action.A. All lamps earlyB. Lamps all earlyC. All early lampsD. Early all lamps42. In 1964 ________ of Henry Osaka Tanner's paintings was shown at the Smithsonian Institution.A. was a major collectionB. that a major collectionC. a collection was majorD. a major collection43. Traditionally, ________ on Thanksgiving Day in New England.A. when served is sweet ciderB. when sweet cider is servedC. is served sweet ciderD. sweet cider is served44. Richard: This class is so boring. When will it end?Drew: I don't know. I don't think I can take it much longer.Teacher: ________Richard: Oh, nothing. We were discussing the text.A. Hey you two! What are you talking about?B. Do one of you know what the answer to this problem is?C. Am I boring you two?D. The two of you go to the principal's office right now!45. Delivery man: I have a package here for Beverly Beaver.Beverly: That is me. ________Delivery man: Yes, please sign here on the line.Beverly: Thank you. These must be the new drapes I ordered.A. Where is the receipt?B. Do you have the sender's address?C. Do you take a credit card?D. Do I have to sign for it?Part III Reading Comprehension (20 minutes, 40 marks)Section A (5 marks)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 5 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage.No matter what our work is, we all have to face that choice - in my field no less than in others. There may not be a more important field for the dissemination of values in our country than the entire communicationsindustry - most strikingly, television. Networks are very sensitive to that fact, and they employ dozens of censors to prevent all of us from using language on television that an eight year old might have to explain to his parents. But the point that censors miss, I think, is that it is not so much what we say that teaches as what we don't say. Even programs that attempt to make a moral point don't always make the point that they intended to. Because when we sense we are being sole something, we automatically defend ourselves against it. I think it may be the unspoken assumptions that mold an audience.Look at the way, for instance, that violence is treated on television. It is not only the quantity that offends. There probably is no more violence on television than there is in a Shakespearean tragedy. But on television you find unfelt violence and in Shakespeare you tend to find felt violence. In Shakespeare the characters react with a human response: They fear, they hurt, they mourn. Most of the time on television, violence is dealt with by sweeping it under the rug as fast as possible and by having people go on about their business as if nothing had happened. (If I can't have less violence, I want at least a better grade of violence.) One of the unspoken assumptions is that violence can be tolerated as long as you ignore it and have no reaction to it. But that seems to me to be dangerously close to psychopathic behavior.I wonder if there is any connection between the long acceptance by our people of the Vietnam War and the thousands and thousands of deaths that we have seen on television over the years that were never mourned, never even paused for except to sell shampoo for sixty seconds.Maybe our greatest problem is that we have two separate sets of value systems that we use - the one we talk about and the one we live by. We seem to place a very high value on fairness and on human concerns. And yet we still have widespread discrimination based on race, sex and religion. You still don't find Jews, blacks or other minorities in any significant numbers in decision-making positions in the banking industry, for instance. You think that's an accident? I think somebody puts a value on that. And you don't find women in any significant numbers in decision-making capacities in any industry. Why? Because we place a higher value on appeasing the fragile male ego than we do on fairness and decency. Maybe what we need is a declaration of interdependence.Questions:46. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that ________.A. we won't buy things that are recommendedB. we become defensive whenever we are taught to do somethingC. television is the most important part of the communication industryD. TV programs can never successfully convey a moral point47. What is the author's attitude toward violence on television?A. He thinks that violence on television should be totally banned.B. Violence on television is more tolerable than the one in Shakespeare's plays.C. Violence can be tolerated if you pretend that it doesn't exist.D. Violence, if unavoidable, should be presented on television in a more appropriate way.48. The word “appeasing” (line 6 in paragraph 3) most probably means ________.A. attackingB. accusingC. soothingD. satisfying49. By citing the examples of the Jews, blacks, and other minorities in the last paragraph, the author aims to show that ________.A. it's an accident that they are out-numbered in the decision-making positions in the banking industryB. they stand for one set of value systemC. what we talk about and what we actually do might be totally differentD. fairness is well respected in our life50. The author's tone in writing the text is ________.A. neutralB. matter-of-factC. criticalD. questioningSection B (15 marks)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 10 questions. Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.For questions 51 - 55, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 56 - 60, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.You hear the same complaint all the time as people get older: “My memory is terrible.” Is it all in the mind, or do real changes take place in the brain with age to justify such grumbling (抱怨)? The depressing answer is that the brain's cells, the neurons, die and decline in efficiency with age.Professor Arthur Shimamura, of the University of California at Berkeley, says there are three main ways in which mental function changes. The first is mental speed, for example how quickly you can react to fast-moving incidents on the road. Drivers in their late teens react quickly but tend to drive too fast, while the over sixties are more cautious but react more slowly. The near-inevitable slowing with age also partly explains why soccer players are seen as old in their thirties, while golf professionals are still in their prime at that age. This type of mental slowing results from a reduction in the efficiency with which the brain's neurons work.The fact that adults find it harder to learn musical instruments than children points to a second type of mental loss with age - a reduction in learning capacity. The parts of the brain known as the temporal lobes control new learning, and are particularly vulnerable to the effects of aging. This means that, as we get older, we take longer to learn a new language, and slower to master new routines and technologies at work, and we have to rely more on diaries and other mental aids.“Working memory” is the third brain system which is vulnerable to the effects of aging. Working memory is the brain's “blackboard”,where we juggle from moment to moment the things we have to keep in mind when solving problems, planning tasks and generally organizing our day-to-day life. Absent-mindedness occurs at all ages because of imperfections in the working memory system - so, for instance, you may continually lose your glasses, or find yourself walking into a room of your house only to find that you cannot remember what you came for.Such absent-mindedness tends to creep up on us as we age and occurs because our plans and intentions, which are chalked up on the mental blackboard, are easily wiped out by stray thoughts and other distractions. Stress and preoccupation can also cause such absent-mindedness, in addition to age-related changes in the brain. The frontal lobes of the brain - located behind the forehead and above the eyes - are where the working memory system is located. Like the temporal lobes, which handle new learning, the frontal lobes are more vulnerable to the aging process than other parts of the brain.The news, however, is not all bleak. Although neurons reduce in number with age, the remaining neurons send out new and longer connection fibers (dendrites) to maintain connections and allow us to function reasonably well with only relatively small drops in ability.This and other evidence suggests that the principle “use it or lost it” might apply to the aging brain. Professor Shimamura studied a group of university professors who were still intellectually active, and compared their performance on neuropsychological tests with that of others of their age group, as well as with younger people. He found that on several tests of memory, the mentally active professors in their sixties and early seventies were superior to their contemporaries, and as good as the younger people.Research on animals provide even stronger evidence of the effects of stimulation on the brain structure. Professor Bryan Kolb, of the University of Lethbridge in Canada, has shown that animals kept in stimulating environments show sprouting (生长) and lengthening of the connecting nerve fibers in comparison with animals kept in unstimulating environments.The beneficial effects of continued mental activity are shown by the fact that older contestants in quiz shows are just as fast and accurate in responding to general knowledge questions as younger competitors, suggesting that at least part of their intellectual apparatus is spared the effects of aging because of practice and skill.Such findings lead to the intriguing possibility of “mental fitnesstra ining” to accompany jogging and workouts for the health conscious. Research in Stockholm by Professor Lars Backman and his colleague has shown that older people can be trained to use their memory better, with the effects of this training lasting several years.Just as people go bald or grey at different rates, so the same is true for their mental faculties. Why this should be the case for memory and other mental functions is not yet clear. If Professor Shimamura is right, then the degree to which people use and stretch their mental faculties may also have a role to play.Questions:51. The passage gives a description of several methods of testing mental ability.52. Professor Shimamura identified a number of areas in which mental function may change.53. As the temporal lobes of the brain are affected by aging, it becomes harder to pick up new skills.54. Research indicates that physical training can help to improve memory.55. Taking part in quizzes is the best way to stimulate the brain.56. Absent-mindedness is not necessarily ________.57. Scientists do not understand why people's ________ decline at different rates.58. If a person is under stress, ________ may become more frequent.59. When the frontal lobes of the brain are affected by aging, there is a gradual deterioration in ________.60. If an animal's brain is kept active and stimulated, ______________. Section C (10 marks)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 61 - 65 are based on the following passage.Alarmed by a 20-year decline in student achievement, American schools are considering major upheavals in the career structure of teachers, school boards around the country are planning to abandon traditional salary schedules and single out outstanding teachers for massive pay rise.The idea is regarded with deep suspicion by the United States' biggest teachers' unions, the National Education Association and the American Federation of Teachers. They say the creation of a cadre of elite teachers will sour professional relationships and encourage teachers to compete instead of cooperate; they also question whether a fair way can be devised to tell which teachers really do perform better than their colleagues.But heightened public anxiety about secondary education appears to have given the master teacher concept unstoppable political momentum. Florida and Tennessee are racing to introduce ambitious statewide master teacher schemes before the end of the year. Less grandiose proposals to pay teachers on the basis of merit instead of seniority have already been implemented in countless school districts. And the Secretary of Education, Mr. Terrel Bell, recently promised substantial incentive grants to states which intend to follow their example.Low pay is believed to be the single most important reason for the flight from teaching. The average salary of a teacher in the United States is just under $19,000, much less than that of an engineer ($34,700) and not much more than that of a secretary($16,500). To make ends meet it is common for teachers to take second jobs in the evening and in their summer holidays, and women, who used to make up the bulk of teacher candidates are turning to better paid professions.The unions insist that the answer to this problem is to increase the basic pay of all teachers, but most states would find that too expensive, they would be better able to afford schemes that confine pay increases to a small number of exceptional teachers. Champions of the idea say it would at least hold out the promise of high pay and status to bright graduates who are confident oftheir ability to do well in the classroom, but are deterred by the present meager opportunities for promotion.One of the first large-scale tests of this approach will come in Tennessee, where a year of painstaking negotiations has just overcome bitterunion opposition to a wide-ranging master teacher scheme. Tennessee promised that they will allocate $300 million as education budget. In return for a chance to earn bigger salaries and faster promotion, teachers will subject themselves to closer scrutiny.The Tennessee plan will make it harder for poor teachers to join the profession. Beginners will have to serve a probationary year before qualifying, and another three apprentice years before receiving tenure. Apprentice teachers who fail to reach a required standard will not be allowed to stay on. Survivors will be designated “career teachers” and given a chance to climb through three career rugs and earn bonuses of up to $7,000. Advancement will not be automatic. The performance of each teacher will be closely assessed by committees of teachers drawn from other districts.Questions:61. What support is the federal government offering to states that set upa master teacher scheme?62. What's the purpose of the master teacher scheme?63. In the state of Tennessee, how will teachers be assessed?64. What is the main idea of the text?65. What can be inferred from the text about the master teacher scheme?Section D (10 marks)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 66 - 70 are based on the following passage.The United KingdomBritain (or Great Britain) is an island that lies off the north-west coast of Europe. The nearest country is France, which is 20 miles away and from which Britain is separated by the English Channel. The island is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the North Sea to the east. It comprises the mainlands of England, Wales and Scotland, that is, three countries. Scotland is in the north, while Wales is in the west. Ireland, which is also an island, lies off the west coast of Britain. It consists of Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. Britain together with Northern Ireland constitute the United Kingdom (UK). Thus, the United Kingdom is composed of four countries, thelargest of which is England. The capital city is London, which is situated in south-east England.The UK has a total area of about 244,100 square kilometres (94,248 square miles). About 70% of the land area is devoted to agriculture, about 7% is wasteland, moorland and mountains, about 13% is devoted to urban development, and 10% is forest and woodland. The northern and western regions of Britain, that is Scotland and Vales, are mainly mountainous and hilly. Parts of the north-west and centre of England also consist of mountains and hills.Britain has a generally mild and temperate climate. It is, however, subject to frequent changes. It has an average annual rainfall of about 120 centimetres (47 inches).In 1998 the population of the United Kingdom was nearly 59 million. The density of population was approximately 240 people per square kilometre. However, in England, where 83% of the population live, the density was much higher, about 363 per square kilometre.In the UK, English is the first language of the vast majority of people. However, in western Wales, Welsh is the first language for many of the people. In Scotland only a small number of people speak Gaelic.In Britain about 66% of the population say that they are Christian, while fewer than 5% say that they belong to other religions.Summary:Britain is an island that (66) ________ the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. It comprises the mainlands of England, Wales and Scotland. Ireland (67) ________ the west coast of Britain. It (68) ________ Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. The United Kingdom consists of Britain together with Northern Ireland. The capital city is London which (69) ________ south-east England.In 1998 the population of the UK was nearly 59 million. The density of population was 240 people per square kilometre. In the UK English is the first language of most people. In western Wales, Welsh (70) ________ many of the people, but few people in Scotland speak Gaelic.Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 marks)Section A (5 marks)Directions: There are 5 blanks in the passage. For each blank, some letters of the word have been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and think of the word which best fits each blank. Use only one word in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Language is learned primarily through communication with other people. Research shows that the more communication children (71) exp________at home, the better developed their language skills will be. Children need to talk well in order to learn well. This is especially important for the development of native language skills since the language is often reinforced by the child's environment outside school.However, the (72) qu________ of communication is just as or more important than quantity alone. The language adults use helps children become aware of the many different aspects of objects and events around them. For example, during a shopping trip to the market or store, adults can develop children's concepts by bringing their attention to the shapes, colors, sounds, textures, and sizes of objects and events around them. Parents can do this naturally through conversation without (73) di________ teaching. In other words, conversation with children in everyday situations expands their minds and develops their thinking skills.In addition to conversing with children, adults can help prepare their children to succeed in school by (74) en________ them to take an active interest in books and in the print that surrounds them in the environment. The child's first major task in school is learning to read. Children who come to school with knowledge that the print aroundthem carries important meaning and with an interest in books an d stories will usually (75) su________ in learning to read rapidly. Section B (10 marks)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the passage. Use the word given in each blanket to form a word that fits in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Forensic science (法庭科学) means (76) ________ (use) science to solve crime. But what exactly does a forensic scientist do?At the scene of crime, the crime scene (77) ________ (investigator) will thoroughly examine the area. They will look for fingerprints and palm prints; marks of tools and weapons; marks from shoes; fibers from (78) ______ (cloth); body fluids.Increasingly, CSIs (= crime scene investigators) are using specialized techniques, on site, to determine which areas to concentrate their investigation on.A forensic pathologist (法医)specializes in examining dead bodies to determine how and when death occurred. As well as (79) ________ (examine) the body, either on site or through photos (80) ________ (take) at the scene, theforensic pathologist may also use X-ray imaging(X光成像技术) and will usually conduct an autopsy (尸体解剖). The pathologist will also take samples of body tissues, like blood, liver or hair, for further (81) ________ (analyse).。

2017年大英赛初赛C类作文答案Everyone has a lot of dreams. Some people want to be rich, dreaming of becoming millionaires overnight. Others want to be famous, dreaming of suddenly jumping to great fame. I have a lot of dreams,too。

Now I'll talk about my dream i What is my dream? I often ask myself. When I was a little boy, I wanted to be a soldier with a gun so that I could defend our motherland. Now I am a young boy with a new dream——to be a doc-tor. I want to be a famous doctor, helping the sick and saving their lives. Why has my dream changed? Well, at the age of 11 I was ill, badly ill. I was told that I had cancer. I had to leave both my school and my friends and go to the hospital. Every day I suf-fered the troubles caused by this illness.I also saw some people who were suffering and dying of ill-nesses.I made up my mind to become a doctor, so that I can help the sick people and cure them of their diseases. China is a develop-ing country. She needs good medicine and good doctors, especially in the countryside and lonely villages. I want to try my best to help the poor sick people of our country. I want to let them have anopportunity to receive excel-lent treatments for their illnesses without having to pay much or any money. I'll do every bit to cure the incurable. I hope to see a world where there is no cancer, no Aids, no fatal diseases. I'm confident that through the joint efforts of you and me, man will put an end to his bodily sufferings and this dream of mine will one day be brought into reality.。

大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)C类非英语专业初赛真题2017年(本科生)Part Ⅰ Listening C o m p r e h e n s i o nSection AIn this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end o f each conversation, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the f ou r choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on t h e answer sheet with a single line through the ce n t r e.1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A.At a TV studio.B.Ina supermarket. C.A t t h epolice station. D.In anairplane.D [听力原文]W: Oh, you have to tell them about the seat-belt signs again.M: It's your turn. I did it just now. Oh, and don't forget to switch off the intercom when you finish.W: Ladies and gentlemen, the captain has switched on the seat-belt signs. Please return to your seats and fasten your seat belts. Please take a moment to look again at the emergency instructions in the seat pocket in front of you.[解析] 录音中女士说到“the captain has switched on the seat-belt signs”，由“captain”以及“seatbelt”等元素可推断该情景发生在飞机上。

2017年全国大学生英语竞赛C类决赛试题及详解Part I Listening Comprehension （30 marks）Section A （5 marks）In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1. Why does Jane borrow Tom’s yoga book?A. It is a reference book for her research on the Olympics.B. Tom recommended her to read it.C. She wants to learn some basic principles of the sport.D. It is part of her yoga lessons.【答案】C【解析】对话中Jane要借Tom的瑜伽书，在Tom问她是不是要上瑜伽课时，Jane回答说“I’d like to understand how it works”。

由此可知Jane借书是想了解如何进行瑜伽，即瑜伽的基本原理。

因此C项正确。

【录音原文】W: Tom, I was wondering if I could borrow your book on yoga.M: Sure. Are you going to take yoga lessons, Jane?W: Yeah, I think I might, but I’d like to understand how it works.M: Good idea. It has become an official sport in the Olympics.2. What are the speakers going to do according to the conversation?A. T o start a new textile factory in Frankfurt.B. To set up a booth at the Frankfurt trade fair.C. T o organize a grand world Expo in Germany.D. T o sign a contract with a German company.【答案】B【解析】对话开头男士便宣布一切都筹备好了，“we’ll be setting up a booth at the trade fair in Frankfurt!”，之后的讨论便都围绕这个话题展开。

2017年大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）C类初赛真题试卷（精选）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. ______a Nobel Prize is considered to be one of the greatest honours in the world.A．established: ReceivingB．invented: AwardingC．modified: To be givenD．organised: To be granted正确答案：A解析：句意：诺贝尔奖由瑞典发明家阿尔弗雷德-伯纳德-诺贝尔设立，第一次于1901年颁发。

获得诺贝尔奖被认为是世界上最伟大的荣誉之一。

establish 建立。

receive收到，获得，此处作主语应当用动名词形式。

12．Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of grammar and vocabulary______fluently.A．you will writeB．can you writeC．you can writeD．you could write正确答案：B解析：句意：只有在你掌握了足够的语法知识和词汇后，你才能流畅地写作。

该句时态为一般现在时。

only when处在句首时，主句要倒装。

13．—May I take your order, sir?—Yes. I will start with cream soup, please, and then I’ll have a T-bone steak.—______—Medium, and I’ll have a glass of beer. Thank you.A．Anything to drink then?B．Call me if you need anything else.C．How would you like your steak?D．What would you recommend then?正确答案：C解析：根据情景中顾客的回答可知，服务员是在询问顾客需要什么样的牛排。

大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)C类非英语专业决赛真题2017年(本科生)Part Ⅰ Listening C o m p r e h e n s i o nSection AIn this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end o f each conversation, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the f ou r choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on t h e answer sheet with a single line through the ce n t r e.1. Why does Jane borrow Tom's yoga book?A.It is a reference book for her research on the Olympics.B.Tom recommended her to read it.C.She wants to learn some basic principles of the sport.D.It is part of her yoga lessons.C [听力原文]W: Tom, I was wondering if I could borrow your book on yoga.M: Sure. Are you going to take yoga lessons, Jane?W: Yeah, I think I might, but I'd like to understand how it works.M: Good idea. It has become an official sport in the Olympics.[解析] 对话中Jane要借Tom的瑜伽书，在Tom问她是不是要上瑜伽课时，Jane回答说“I'd like to understand how it works”。

2018 年大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）C 类初赛真题试及详细答案Part ⅠSection A1.Some bacteria extremely harmful, but are regularly used in producing cheeses, crackers and many other foods.A is: the othersB has been: the othersC are: othersD have been: others2.It was once a very prosperous part of the city, but now many of the businesses have moved away or gone .A bankruptcyB bankruptC bankruptedD to bankrupt3.When one is unfamiliar with the local customs, it is easy to make a .A blameB blunderC commitmentD fault4.your timely advice, I would never have known how to deal with the tough job.A But forB Except forC Not untilD Prior to5.I'd his reputation with other drug dealers and business people in the city, and then make a decision about whether or not to a loan.A account for: supportB make up for: objectC take account of: approveD wipe out: oppose6., a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A Were other things equalB Other things to be equalC Other things being equalD To be equal to other things7.In the book The Storied Life of A. J. Fikry, a valuable book was lost for years when it turned up one day, quite out of the .A blackB blueC redD white8.True patriotism putting the interests of one's country above everything, includingone's own life.A copes withB derives fromC takes inD relies on9.My father decided to make me go back to college immediately, study my lessons carefully, and .A a master's degree must attainB must attain my master's degreeC attain my master's degreeD my master's degree be attained10.Libraries have reference books you can check out a physician's educational background, training, and other credentials.A from thatB of whichC through thatD by which11.The term BRIC was first by Goldman Sachs economist Jim O'Neill in a research paper, BRIC stands for Brazil, Russia, India and China.A coined: in whichB invented: of itC made up: andD produced: that12.Had Dickens foreseen that his novel would cause such a disturbance, he it.A should not have writtenB would not have writtenC didn't writeD had not written13.—I'm concerned about your weight, I think you should go on a diet.——Good, then you might as well start right away.A You're so kind, but I don't have to do that.B Actually, I've been thinking about the same thing.C Definitely. What about my blood pressure then?D Oh my! You know it's such a tough job for me.14.—Let me ask you some questions about the accident you witnessed.——Thank you. When did the accident occur?A Yes, I really enjoyed it.B It's none of my business.C Sure, go ahead.D Oh, stop teasing me.15.——It should be good. I'm looking forward to taking it.A Do you like computer games?B How about cleaning the room with me?C What do you think the computer course will be like?D What are you going to do after you graduate from high school?Part ⅡClozeBeing able to multi-task is hailed by most people as a welcome skill, but not according to a recent study which claims that young people between the ages of eight and eighteen of the so-called" Generation M" are spending a considerable amount of their time on 【C1】(fruit)efforts as they multi-task. It argues that, in fact, these young people are frittering away as much as half of their time again as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after another.Some young people are juggling an ever larger number of electronic devices as they study. At the same time as they are working, young adults are also【C2】sur the Internet, or sending out emails to their friends, and/or answering the phone and listening to music on their iPods or on another computer. As some new device comes along, it too is added to the list rather than【C3】(place)one of the existing devices. Other research ha【s C4】ind that this multi-tasking is even affecting the way of families themselves function as young people are too wrapped up in their own isolated worlds to interact with the other people around them. They can 【C5】longer greet family members when they enter the house, nor can they eat at the family table. All this electronic wizardry is supposedly also seriously affecting young people's performance at 【C6】uni and in the workplace. When asked about their perception of the impact of modern gadgets on their performance of tasks, the overwhelming majority of young people gave a 【C7 】(favour)response. The response from the academic and business worlds was not quite as positive. The former feel that multi-tasking with electronic gadgets by children affects later【C8】dev of study skills, resulting in a decline in the quality of writing, for example, because of the lack of concentration on task completion. They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedial help with study skills. Similarly, employers feel that young people【C9】ent the workforce need to be taught all over again, as they have become deskilled. While all this may be true, it must be borne in mind that more and more is expected of young people nowadays, in fact, too much. Praise rather than criticism is due 【C10 】respect of the way today's youth are able to cope, despite what the older generation throw at them.1.【C1】2.【C2】3.【C3】4.【C4】5.【C5】6.【C6】7.【C7】8.【C8】9.【C9】10.【C10】Part ⅢReading ComperhensionSection ALook at an atlas. How are mountains shown? Where are the highest mountains? A few mountains stand alone, such as Mount Egmont in New Zealand, and Mount Kenya in Africa. Most mountains are found in long chains called mountain ranges. The Pennines, the Cambrian Mountains, the Alps, the Andes and Rockies are examples of mountain ranges. The highest mountain range on the Earth is the Himalayas in Asia.In order to understand how mountains are formed, we need to know what the inside of the Earth is like. The Earth is made up of layers of rock. The outside layer of rock, the one we live on, is called the Earth's crust. Beneath the crust is a layer called the mantle. Near the top of the mantle, some of the rocks have melted and are a liquid, like sticky tar. Because all the rocks around it press on the mantle, the molten rock tries to force its way out. If the molten rock does find a weak spot, it bursts through the Earth's crust, forming a volcano. Some mountains were made by volcanoes. The Earth's crust is made up of large pieces, called plates, which fit together like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. Some of the plates carry continents, others carry oceans. The plates move slowly, floating on the molten rocks of the mantle below. As the plates move, theypush against each other, slowly pushing up the rocks in folds to form mountains. India used to be a long way from Asia, but gradually the plate with India on it moved closer to the plate bearing Asia. The rocks in the sea between India and Asia were pushed up in folds that now form the Himalayan mountain range. That is why it is sometimes possible to find seashells near the tops of the Himalayas. Many other mountain ranges, including the Alps, Rockies and Pen-nines , are similar great folds of rock. While some plates are pushing together, others are moving further apart. Europe and North America are slowly moving further apart. Each year the Atlantic Ocean is a few centimetres wider. As the rocks move, they often crack or break. These breaks are called faults. Sometimes, great blocks of rocks are pushed up between two faults. These blocks may be so large and high that they form mountains. Some of the highland areas of East Africa are block mountains, so are the Vosges mountains in France and the Sierra Nevada mountains in the western United States. Block mountains often have flat tops. A flat-topped highland is called a plateau.Questions 56—60 Complete the following form with no more than three words according to the passage.56.57.58.59.60.Section BBy studying the notebooks, correspondence, and conversations of some of the world's great thinkers in science, art, and industry, scholars have identified the following thinking strategies that enable geniuses to generate original ideas:【B1】Sigmund Freud's analytical methods were designed to find details that didn't fit traditional paradigms in order to come up with a completely new point of view. To solve a problem creatively , you must abandon the first approach that comes to mind, which usually stems from past experience , and reconceptualize the problem. Geniuses do not merely solve existing problems: they identify new ones. 【B2 】Geniuses develop visual and spatial abilities that allow them to display information in new ways. The explosion of creativity in the Renaissance was tied to the development of graphic illustration during that period, notably the scientific diagrams of Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo Galilei. Galileo revolutionized science by making his thought graphically visible while his contemporaries used more conventional means. Geniuses produce. Thomas Edison held 1,093 patents, still a record. He guaranteed a high level of productivity by giving himself idea quotas: one minor invention every ten days and a major invention every six months. Johann Sebastian Bach wrote a cantata every week even when he was sick. Wolfgang Mozart produced more than 600 pieces of music. 【B3 】Like playful children with buckets of building blocks, geniuses constantly combine and recombine ideas, images, and thoughts. The laws of heredity were developed by Gregor Mendel , who combined mathematics and biology to create a new science of genetics. 【B4 】Their facility to connect the unconnected enables geniuses to see things others miss. Da Vinci noticed the similarity between the sound of a bell and a stone hitting water-and concluded that sound travels in waves. 【B5 】Whenever we attempt to do something and fail, we end up doing something else.That's the first principle of creative accident. We may ask ourselves why we have failed to do what we intended, which is a reasonable question. But the creative accident leads to the question: What have we done? Answering that one in a novel, unexpected way is the essential creative act. It is not luck, but creative insight of the highest order. This may be the most important lesson of all: When you find something interesting, drop everything and go with it. Too many talented people fail to make significant leaps of imagination because they've become fixated on their pre-conceived plan. Butnot the truly great minds. They don't wait for gifts of chance: they make them happen. Questions 61 —65Complete the passage with the following sentences. There are two extra sentences that you do not need to use. A. Geniuses make their thought visible.B. Geniuses prepare themselves for enhance.C. Geniuses make novel combinations.D. Geniuses look at problems from all angles.E. Geniuses have a really broad mind.F. Geniuses force relationships.G. Geniuses are powerful in lots of aspects.6.【B1】7.【B2】8.【B3】9.【B4】10.【B5】Section CThe Dragon Boat Festival, the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, has had a history of more than 2,000 years. Here are some things you must know.There are many legends about the evolution of the festival , the most popular of which is in commemoration of Qu Yuan(340—278 BC). Qu Yuan was minister of the State of Chu and one of China's earliest poets. In face of great pressure from the powerful Qin State, he advocated enriching the country and strengthening its military forces so as to fight against the Qin. However, he was opposed by aristocrats and later deposed and exiled by King Huai. In his exiled days, he still cared much for his country and people and composed immortal poems including Li Sao(The Lament), Tian Wen(Heavenly Questions)and Jiu Ge(Nine Songs), which had far-reaching influences. In 278 BC, he heard the news that Qin troops had finally conquered Chu's capital, so he finished his last piece Huai Sha(Embracing Sand)and plunged himself into the Miluo River, clasping his arms to a large stone. The day happened to be the 5th of the 5th month in the Chinese lunar calendar. After his death, the people of Chu crowded to the bank of the river to pay their respects to him. The fishermen sailed their boats up and down the river to look for his body. People threw into the water zongzi(pyramid-shaped glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves)and eggs to divert possible fish or shrimp from attacking his body. An old doctor poured a jug of realgar wine(Chinese liquor seasoned with realgar)into the water, hoping to turn all aquatic beasts drunk. That's why people later followed the customs such as dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine on that day. Dragon boat racing is an indispensable part of the festival, held all over the country. As the gun is fired, people will see racers in dragon-shaped canoes pulling the oars harmoniously and hurriedly, accompanied by rapid drums, speeding toward their destination. Folk tales say the game o-riginates from the activities of seeking Qu Yuan's body, but experts, after painstaking and meticulous research, conclude that dragon boat racing is a semi-religious, semi-entertaining program from the Warring States Period(475—221 BC). On Dragon Boat Festival, parents also need to dress their children up with a perfume pouch. They first sew little bags with colorful silk cloth, then fill the bags with perfumes or herbal medicines , and finally string them with silk threads. The perfume pouch will be hung around the neck or tied to the front of a garment as an ornament. They are said to be able to ward off evil.Questions 66—70Answer the following questions according to the passage.11.When do Chinese people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival every year?12.What masterpieces of Qu Yuan are mentioned in the passage?13.Why did Qu Yuan commit suicide?14.How do people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival now?15.Why do parents prepare perfume pouches for their children on Dragon Boat Festival?Section DWhile baseball is often described as the national sport of the United States of America, it probably developed from an eighteenth-century English game called rounders. There were severalversions of the game until 1845, when Alexander J. Cartwright organized "a group of players to decide on one set of rules. The main change from rounders was that a runner had to be tagged or touched by a player holding the ball to be put out, rather than hit by a thrown ball. This meant that a smaller, harder ball could be used, which in turn made possible a faster, larger game. Until the mid-1860s, baseball was an amateur sport, which means that the players were not paid. The first professional team, the Cincinnati "Red Stockings" , was organized in 1869 and within two years the sport was more or less professional. Nowadays the best players can earn millions of dollars playing baseball. Professional baseball in the United States and Canada consists of two leagues and for the first half of the twentieth century there were also separate leagues for black players. The black leagues produced many excellent players but it wasn't until the 1940s, and the success of Jackie Robinson playing for the Brooklyn " Dodgers" , that black players were integrated into white major-league baseball in the United States. Baseball has had a broad impact on popular culture, both in the United States and elsewhere. Dozens of English-language idioms have been derived from baseball, for instance, the baseball meaning of " out of the ball park" is to hit a home run, but its non-baseball equivalent is to do something well or exactly as it should be done. The baseball cap has become a worldwide fashion i-tem not only in the United States, but also in countries where the sport itself is not particularly popular, such as the United Kingdom. Baseball has inspired many works of art and entertainment. One of the first major examples, Ernest Thayer's poem "Casey at the Bat" , appeared in 1888. There have been many baseball movies, including the Academy Award-winning The Pride of the Yankees(1942)and the Oscar nominees The Natural(1984)and Field of Dreams(1989). Literary works connected to the game include the short fiction of Ring Lardner and novels such as Robert Coover's The Universal Baseball Association, Inc. , J. Henry Waugh, Prop. Baseball's literary canon also includes the beat reportage of Damon Runyon: the columns of Grantland Rice, Red Smith, Dick Young, and Peter Gammons: and the essays of Roger Angell. Questions 71—75Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with no more than three words for each blank.Baseball is regarded as the national sport of the USA. Its history can be traced back to an eighteenth-century English game named【R1】. There were several versions of the game until 1845, 【R2 】one set of rules was decided on. Baseball was originally 【R3 】, but in 1869 the first professional team, the Cincinnati Red Stockings, was organized. For the first half of the twentieth century black players had separate leagues, bu 【t R4】began in the 1940s because of the success of Jackie Robinson. Baseball extended its glamour to many other fields, such as fashion, language, art and entertainment. Many artists and film directors got【R5】from the worldwide popular sport.16.【R1】17.【R2】18.【R3】19.【R4】20.【R5】Part ⅣError CorrectionPeople often laugh when they see penguins walking. Penguins look very funnywaddle from side to side on their short little legs. However, Adelie penguins 【M1 】can walk 200 kilometers across the Antarctic sea ice to the place they lay 【M2】their eggs.Penguins are such good swimmers so early explorers thought they were 【M3 】fish. They use their flippers 'fly' through the water as other birds use their 【M4】wings to fly through the air. Emperor penguins, the big penguins, 【M5 】can go as fast as 50 kilometers an hour. If Adelie penguin is swimming 【M6】quickly, it can jump 2 meters out of the water. They do this before they are 【M7 】being chased by leopard seals, which like to eat them.Emperor penguins can hold its breath underwater for twenty minutes. 【M8 】This means they can divevery deep to hunt for food. The deepest dive scientists know about is 458 meters. That's nearly half a kilometer!When the male emperor penguins are looking after eggs, they join together in tightly groups. In the middle of the group it might be 38℃, 【M9】while on the outside of the group it might be -35℃. When the penguins 【M10】on the outside get too cold, they move slowly to the inside and others take their place on the outside.1.【M1】2.【M2】3.【M3】4.【M4】5.【M5】6.【M6】7.【M7】8.【M8】9.【M9】10.【M10】Part ⅤTranslationSection A1. If your parents give you pocket money with no strings attached, I've got some bad news for you. Experts are now claiming that it may be harmful for teenagers to get "free" pocket money. They argue that it makes them lazy and they may even end up in poverty. What's more, they say that youngsters will never learn the value of money if they don't earn it. Studies also indicate that you can rarely expect teenagers to save their pocket money when they get it for free and often waste it on unnecessary things. However, if they have to do something in order to earn it, they usually learn to use their money wisely.Section B有些人的成功常常让周围的人大惑不解，因为他们似乎从来都不工作，或者没有长时间地工作。

2018 年大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）C 类初赛真题试及详细答案Part ⅠSection A1.Some bacteria extremely harmful, but are regularly used in producing cheeses, crackers and many other foods.A is: the othersB has been: the othersC are: othersD have been: others2.It was once a very prosperous part of the city, but now many of the businesses have moved away or gone .A bankruptcyB bankruptC bankruptedD to bankrupt3.When one is unfamiliar with the local customs, it is easy to make a .A blameB blunderC commitmentD fault4.your timely advice, I would never have known how to deal with the tough job.A But forB Except forC Not untilD Prior to5.I'd his reputation with other drug dealers and business people in the city, and then make a decision about whether or not to a loan.A account for: supportB make up for: objectC take account of: approveD wipe out: oppose6., a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A Were other things equalB Other things to be equalC Other things being equalD To be equal to other things7.In the book The Storied Life of A. J. Fikry, a valuable book was lost for years when it turned up one day, quite out of the .A blackB blueC redD white8.True patriotism putting the interests of one's country above everything, includingone's own life.A copes withB derives fromC takes inD relies on9.My father decided to make me go back to college immediately, study my lessons carefully, and .A a master's degree must attainB must attain my master's degreeC attain my master's degreeD my master's degree be attained10.Libraries have reference books you can check out a physician's educational background, training, and other credentials.A from thatB of whichC through thatD by which11.The term BRIC was first by Goldman Sachs economist Jim O'Neill in a research paper, BRIC stands for Brazil, Russia, India and China.A coined: in whichB invented: of itC made up: andD produced: that12.Had Dickens foreseen that his novel would cause such a disturbance, he it.A should not have writtenB would not have writtenC didn't writeD had not written13.—I'm concerned about your weight, I think you should go on a diet.——Good, then you might as well start right away.A You're so kind, but I don't have to do that.B Actually, I've been thinking about the same thing.C Definitely. What about my blood pressure then?D Oh my! You know it's such a tough job for me.14.—Let me ask you some questions about the accident you witnessed.——Thank you. When did the accident occur?A Yes, I really enjoyed it.B It's none of my business.C Sure, go ahead.D Oh, stop teasing me.15.——It should be good. I'm looking forward to taking it.A Do you like computer games?B How about cleaning the room with me?C What do you think the computer course will be like?D What are you going to do after you graduate from high school?Part ⅡClozeBeing able to multi-task is hailed by most people as a welcome skill, but not according to a recent study which claims that young people between the ages of eight and eighteen of the so-called" Generation M" are spending a considerable amount of their time on 【C1】(fruit)efforts as they multi-task. It argues that, in fact, these young people are frittering away as much as half of their time again as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after another.Some young people are juggling an ever larger number of electronic devices as they study. At the same time as they are working, young adults are also【C2】sur the Internet, or sending out emails to their friends, and/or answering the phone and listening to music on their iPods or on another computer. As some new device comes along, it too is added to the list rather than【C3】(place)one of the existing devices. Other research ha【s C4】ind that this multi-tasking is even affecting the way of families themselves function as young people are too wrapped up in their own isolated worlds to interact with the other people around them. They can 【C5】longer greet family members when they enter the house, nor can they eat at the family table. All this electronic wizardry is supposedly also seriously affecting young people's performance at 【C6】uni and in the workplace. When asked about their perception of the impact of modern gadgets on their performance of tasks, the overwhelming majority of young people gave a 【C7 】(favour)response. The response from the academic and business worlds was not quite as positive. The former feel that multi-tasking with electronic gadgets by children affects later【C8】dev of study skills, resulting in a decline in the quality of writing, for example, because of the lack of concentration on task completion. They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedial help with study skills. Similarly, employers feel that young people【C9】ent the workforce need to be taught all over again, as they have become deskilled. While all this may be true, it must be borne in mind that more and more is expected of young people nowadays, in fact, too much. Praise rather than criticism is due 【C10 】respect of the way today's youth are able to cope, despite what the older generation throw at them.1.【C1】2.【C2】3.【C3】4.【C4】5.【C5】6.【C6】7.【C7】8.【C8】9.【C9】10.【C10】Part ⅢReading ComperhensionSection ALook at an atlas. How are mountains shown? Where are the highest mountains? A few mountains stand alone, such as Mount Egmont in New Zealand, and Mount Kenya in Africa. Most mountains are found in long chains called mountain ranges. The Pennines, the Cambrian Mountains, the Alps, the Andes and Rockies are examples of mountain ranges. The highest mountain range on the Earth is the Himalayas in Asia.In order to understand how mountains are formed, we need to know what the inside of the Earth is like. The Earth is made up of layers of rock. The outside layer of rock, the one we live on, is called the Earth's crust. Beneath the crust is a layer called the mantle. Near the top of the mantle, some of the rocks have melted and are a liquid, like sticky tar. Because all the rocks around it press on the mantle, the molten rock tries to force its way out. If the molten rock does find a weak spot, it bursts through the Earth's crust, forming a volcano. Some mountains were made by volcanoes. The Earth's crust is made up of large pieces, called plates, which fit together like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. Some of the plates carry continents, others carry oceans. The plates move slowly, floating on the molten rocks of the mantle below. As the plates move, theypush against each other, slowly pushing up the rocks in folds to form mountains. India used to be a long way from Asia, but gradually the plate with India on it moved closer to the plate bearing Asia. The rocks in the sea between India and Asia were pushed up in folds that now form the Himalayan mountain range. That is why it is sometimes possible to find seashells near the tops of the Himalayas. Many other mountain ranges, including the Alps, Rockies and Pen-nines , are similar great folds of rock. While some plates are pushing together, others are moving further apart. Europe and North America are slowly moving further apart. Each year the Atlantic Ocean is a few centimetres wider. As the rocks move, they often crack or break. These breaks are called faults. Sometimes, great blocks of rocks are pushed up between two faults. These blocks may be so large and high that they form mountains. Some of the highland areas of East Africa are block mountains, so are the Vosges mountains in France and the Sierra Nevada mountains in the western United States. Block mountains often have flat tops. A flat-topped highland is called a plateau.Questions 56—60 Complete the following form with no more than three words according to the passage.56.57.58.59.60.Section BBy studying the notebooks, correspondence, and conversations of some of the world's great thinkers in science, art, and industry, scholars have identified the following thinking strategies that enable geniuses to generate original ideas:【B1】Sigmund Freud's analytical methods were designed to find details that didn't fit traditional paradigms in order to come up with a completely new point of view. To solve a problem creatively , you must abandon the first approach that comes to mind, which usually stems from past experience , and reconceptualize the problem. Geniuses do not merely solve existing problems: they identify new ones. 【B2 】Geniuses develop visual and spatial abilities that allow them to display information in new ways. The explosion of creativity in the Renaissance was tied to the development of graphic illustration during that period, notably the scientific diagrams of Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo Galilei. Galileo revolutionized science by making his thought graphically visible while his contemporaries used more conventional means. Geniuses produce. Thomas Edison held 1,093 patents, still a record. He guaranteed a high level of productivity by giving himself idea quotas: one minor invention every ten days and a major invention every six months. Johann Sebastian Bach wrote a cantata every week even when he was sick. Wolfgang Mozart produced more than 600 pieces of music. 【B3 】Like playful children with buckets of building blocks, geniuses constantly combine and recombine ideas, images, and thoughts. The laws of heredity were developed by Gregor Mendel , who combined mathematics and biology to create a new science of genetics. 【B4 】Their facility to connect the unconnected enables geniuses to see things others miss. Da Vinci noticed the similarity between the sound of a bell and a stone hitting water-and concluded that sound travels in waves. 【B5 】Whenever we attempt to do something and fail, we end up doing something else.That's the first principle of creative accident. We may ask ourselves why we have failed to do what we intended, which is a reasonable question. But the creative accident leads to the question: What have we done? Answering that one in a novel, unexpected way is the essential creative act. It is not luck, but creative insight of the highest order. This may be the most important lesson of all: When you find something interesting, drop everything and go with it. Too many talented people fail to make significant leaps of imagination because they've become fixated on their pre-conceived plan. Butnot the truly great minds. They don't wait for gifts of chance: they make them happen. Questions 61 —65Complete the passage with the following sentences. There are two extra sentences that you do not need to use. A. Geniuses make their thought visible.B. Geniuses prepare themselves for enhance.C. Geniuses make novel combinations.D. Geniuses look at problems from all angles.E. Geniuses have a really broad mind.F. Geniuses force relationships.G. Geniuses are powerful in lots of aspects.6.【B1】7.【B2】8.【B3】9.【B4】10.【B5】Section CThe Dragon Boat Festival, the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, has had a history of more than 2,000 years. Here are some things you must know.There are many legends about the evolution of the festival , the most popular of which is in commemoration of Qu Yuan(340—278 BC). Qu Yuan was minister of the State of Chu and one of China's earliest poets. In face of great pressure from the powerful Qin State, he advocated enriching the country and strengthening its military forces so as to fight against the Qin. However, he was opposed by aristocrats and later deposed and exiled by King Huai. In his exiled days, he still cared much for his country and people and composed immortal poems including Li Sao(The Lament), Tian Wen(Heavenly Questions)and Jiu Ge(Nine Songs), which had far-reaching influences. In 278 BC, he heard the news that Qin troops had finally conquered Chu's capital, so he finished his last piece Huai Sha(Embracing Sand)and plunged himself into the Miluo River, clasping his arms to a large stone. The day happened to be the 5th of the 5th month in the Chinese lunar calendar. After his death, the people of Chu crowded to the bank of the river to pay their respects to him. The fishermen sailed their boats up and down the river to look for his body. People threw into the water zongzi(pyramid-shaped glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves)and eggs to divert possible fish or shrimp from attacking his body. An old doctor poured a jug of realgar wine(Chinese liquor seasoned with realgar)into the water, hoping to turn all aquatic beasts drunk. That's why people later followed the customs such as dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine on that day. Dragon boat racing is an indispensable part of the festival, held all over the country. As the gun is fired, people will see racers in dragon-shaped canoes pulling the oars harmoniously and hurriedly, accompanied by rapid drums, speeding toward their destination. Folk tales say the game o-riginates from the activities of seeking Qu Yuan's body, but experts, after painstaking and meticulous research, conclude that dragon boat racing is a semi-religious, semi-entertaining program from the Warring States Period(475—221 BC). On Dragon Boat Festival, parents also need to dress their children up with a perfume pouch. They first sew little bags with colorful silk cloth, then fill the bags with perfumes or herbal medicines , and finally string them with silk threads. The perfume pouch will be hung around the neck or tied to the front of a garment as an ornament. They are said to be able to ward off evil.Questions 66—70Answer the following questions according to the passage.11.When do Chinese people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival every year?12.What masterpieces of Qu Yuan are mentioned in the passage?13.Why did Qu Yuan commit suicide?14.How do people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival now?15.Why do parents prepare perfume pouches for their children on Dragon Boat Festival?Section DWhile baseball is often described as the national sport of the United States of America, it probably developed from an eighteenth-century English game called rounders. There were severalversions of the game until 1845, when Alexander J. Cartwright organized "a group of players to decide on one set of rules. The main change from rounders was that a runner had to be tagged or touched by a player holding the ball to be put out, rather than hit by a thrown ball. This meant that a smaller, harder ball could be used, which in turn made possible a faster, larger game. Until the mid-1860s, baseball was an amateur sport, which means that the players were not paid. The first professional team, the Cincinnati "Red Stockings" , was organized in 1869 and within two years the sport was more or less professional. Nowadays the best players can earn millions of dollars playing baseball. Professional baseball in the United States and Canada consists of two leagues and for the first half of the twentieth century there were also separate leagues for black players. The black leagues produced many excellent players but it wasn't until the 1940s, and the success of Jackie Robinson playing for the Brooklyn " Dodgers" , that black players were integrated into white major-league baseball in the United States. Baseball has had a broad impact on popular culture, both in the United States and elsewhere. Dozens of English-language idioms have been derived from baseball, for instance, the baseball meaning of " out of the ball park" is to hit a home run, but its non-baseball equivalent is to do something well or exactly as it should be done. The baseball cap has become a worldwide fashion i-tem not only in the United States, but also in countries where the sport itself is not particularly popular, such as the United Kingdom. Baseball has inspired many works of art and entertainment. One of the first major examples, Ernest Thayer's poem "Casey at the Bat" , appeared in 1888. There have been many baseball movies, including the Academy Award-winning The Pride of the Yankees(1942)and the Oscar nominees The Natural(1984)and Field of Dreams(1989). Literary works connected to the game include the short fiction of Ring Lardner and novels such as Robert Coover's The Universal Baseball Association, Inc. , J. Henry Waugh, Prop. Baseball's literary canon also includes the beat reportage of Damon Runyon: the columns of Grantland Rice, Red Smith, Dick Young, and Peter Gammons: and the essays of Roger Angell. Questions 71—75Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with no more than three words for each blank.Baseball is regarded as the national sport of the USA. Its history can be traced back to an eighteenth-century English game named【R1】. There were several versions of the game until 1845, 【R2 】one set of rules was decided on. Baseball was originally 【R3 】, but in 1869 the first professional team, the Cincinnati Red Stockings, was organized. For the first half of the twentieth century black players had separate leagues, bu 【t R4】began in the 1940s because of the success of Jackie Robinson. Baseball extended its glamour to many other fields, such as fashion, language, art and entertainment. Many artists and film directors got【R5】from the worldwide popular sport.16.【R1】17.【R2】18.【R3】19.【R4】20.【R5】Part ⅣError CorrectionPeople often laugh when they see penguins walking. Penguins look very funnywaddle from side to side on their short little legs. However, Adelie penguins 【M1 】can walk 200 kilometers across the Antarctic sea ice to the place they lay 【M2】their eggs.Penguins are such good swimmers so early explorers thought they were 【M3 】fish. They use their flippers 'fly' through the water as other birds use their 【M4】wings to fly through the air. Emperor penguins, the big penguins, 【M5 】can go as fast as 50 kilometers an hour. If Adelie penguin is swimming 【M6】quickly, it can jump 2 meters out of the water. They do this before they are 【M7 】being chased by leopard seals, which like to eat them.Emperor penguins can hold its breath underwater for twenty minutes. 【M8 】This means they can divevery deep to hunt for food. The deepest dive scientists know about is 458 meters. That's nearly half a kilometer!When the male emperor penguins are looking after eggs, they join together in tightly groups. In the middle of the group it might be 38℃, 【M9】while on the outside of the group it might be -35℃. When the penguins 【M10】on the outside get too cold, they move slowly to the inside and others take their place on the outside.1.【M1】2.【M2】3.【M3】4.【M4】5.【M5】6.【M6】7.【M7】8.【M8】9.【M9】10.【M10】Part ⅤTranslationSection A1. If your parents give you pocket money with no strings attached, I've got some bad news for you. Experts are now claiming that it may be harmful for teenagers to get "free" pocket money. They argue that it makes them lazy and they may even end up in poverty. What's more, they say that youngsters will never learn the value of money if they don't earn it. Studies also indicate that you can rarely expect teenagers to save their pocket money when they get it for free and often waste it on unnecessary things. However, if they have to do something in order to earn it, they usually learn to use their money wisely.Section B有些人的成功常常让周围的人大惑不解，因为他们似乎从来都不工作，或者没有长时间地工作。

2017全国大学生英语竞赛初赛C类真题As the countdown begins for the 2017 National English Contest for College Students, the anticipation and excitement among participants grow. The competition showcases the language skills, critical thinking abilities, and cultural awareness of students from all corners of the nation. In this article, we will delve into the details of the C category of the preliminary round of the contest, shedding light on the format, content, and strategies for success.Section 1: Listening ComprehensionThe first section of the C category aims to evaluate participants' listening comprehension skills. This segment consists of various audio clips, including dialogues, monologues, and news reports. Participants are required to answer multiple-choice questions based on the content of the audio. To excel in this section, it is crucial to develop effective listening strategies, such as focusing on keywords, understanding the main idea, and predicting the possible answers before listening to the options.Section 2: Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section assesses participants' ability to understand and analyze written texts. It includes a variety of passages, such as articles, reports, and academic papers. Participants must answer multiple-choice questions and provide brief written responses based on the given texts. To excel in this section, it is essential to enhance reading speed, improve vocabulary, and practice skimming and scanning techniques to quickly locate information.Section 3: TranslationThe translation section evaluates participants' ability to accurately and fluently translate English sentences into Chinese. It is designed to test both their linguistic knowledge and cultural understanding. Participants need to be familiar with common idiomatic expressions and possess a deep understanding of cultural nuances to ensure an accurate translation.Section 4: WritingThe writing section gauges participants' ability to express their thoughts clearly and coherently in written English. Participants are provided with a prompt or a topic, and they are required to write an essay or a short passage within a specific word limit. This section assesses participants' language proficiency, logical reasoning, and critical thinking skills. To excel in this section, it is crucial to brainstorm ideas, create a well-structured outline, and use appropriate vocabulary and grammar.Section 5: SpeakingThe speaking section aims to evaluate participants' oral communication skills. It includes a variety of tasks, such as personal introductions, discussions, and presentations. Participants need to demonstrate fluency, coherence, and accurate pronunciation. To excel in this section, it is crucial to practice speaking regularly, improve pronunciation skills, and enhance narrative ability.Tips for Success:- Practice regularly: Regular practice is the key to building confidence and improving language skills. Allocate dedicated time each day for listening, reading, writing, and speaking practice.- Expand vocabulary: Enhance your vocabulary by reading widely and using vocabulary-building techniques such as flashcards, word lists, and context-based learning.- Familiarize with test format: Understand the test format, time limitations, and specific requirements of each section. This will help you allocate your time effectively and avoid unnecessary mistakes.- Develop time management skills: Time management is crucial during the exam. Practice answering questions within the given time limits to be able to complete all sections of the test.- Seek feedback: Utilize resources such as English teachers, classmates, or online language platforms to receive feedback on your performance and areas that require improvement.In conclusion, the C category of the 2017 National English Contest for College Students provides an opportunity for participants to showcase their English language skills and cultural understanding. By familiarizing themselves with the test format, practicing regularly, and implementing effective strategies, participants can maximize their performance in each section and achieve success in the competition. Good luck to all the participants!。

2017年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension （25 minutes, 30 points ）Section A Short Conversations （6 points ）Directions: In this section, you will hear 6 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. Keys and a purse. B. Glasses and keys.C. Glasses and a bag.D. Glasses, keys and a purse.2. A. A plate. B. A table. C. A lamp. D. A phone.3. A. They are under the chair by the television.B. They are under the chair with the rubbish.C. They are beside the television.D. They are by the door with the rubbish.4. A. Grapes and oranges. B. Grapes and apples.C. Bananas and grapes.D. Bananas and oranges.5. A. Five to three. B. Five past three.C. Twenty five to three.D. Twenty five past three.6. A. The restaurant. B. The market. C. The cinema. D. The sports center.Section B Long Conversation （4 points ）Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. At the end of the conversation, 4 questions will be asked about what was said. You will hear both the conversation and the questions only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.7. A. ￡6. B. ￡16. C. ￡60. D. ￡66.8. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.9. A. In a photographer's stuido. B. In the library.C. In the post office.D. In the shopping center.10. A. A letter from her college. B. Her passport.C. Her student card.D. Her driving licence.Section C News Items (10 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short pieces of news from BBC or VOA.After each news item and question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. A. 6. B. 16. C. 60.12. A. To bring more foreign language speakers into government service.B. To promote trade with foreign countries.C. To make people learn foreign languages at an early age.13. A. An hour. B. More than an hour. C. Less than an hour.14. A. To get publicity for their cause.B. To get some money for their group.C. To get more rights for their group.15. A. Ticket prices have been falling and their incomes rising.B. Aviation fuel is becoming less expensive.C. British people prefer to travel by plane.16. A. More than eighty thousand.B. More than sixty-two thousand.C. More than fifty-three thousand.17. A. 30. B. 27. C. 57.18. A. Baton Rouge. B. Louisiana. C. Atlanta.19. A. Reduce violations of intellectual property rights.B. Controll the growing population.C. Working together to fight terrorism.20. A. Workers and policemen.B. Farmers and the unemployed.C. Workers and farmers.Section D Passages (10 points)Directions：In this section, you will hear 2 passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear 4 or 6 questions. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 24 are based on the passage you have just heard.21. A. He is very thin. B. He is very tall.C. He is very short.D. He is very fat.22. A. He met a cook from a restaurant.B. He met a man who had a farm.C. He met two fat farmers.D. He met a farmer and his wife.23. A. He wanted to have something to eat for lunch.B. He wanted to go to a restaurant for dinner.C. He wanted to make a cup of coffee.D. He wanted to do some farm work.24. A. He wanted some green beans. B. He wanted a big steak.C. He wanted some cake and coffee.D. He wanted lots of potatoes.Passage TwoQuestions 25 to 30 are based on the passage you have just heard.25. A. Last week. B. Three weeks ago.C. Two months ago.D. Three years ago.26. A. By coach. B. By bus.C. By car.D. By train.27. A. 9 am to 9 pm. B. 10 am to 8 pm.C. 10 am to 9 pm.D. 10 am to 10 pm.28. A. Get information. B. Watch a film.C. Find a bank.D. Buy some shoes.29. A. Feed the ducks. B. Take a bus ride round the lake.C. Go swimming.D. Go sailing.30. A. There was nowhere to put the rubbish.B. There were not enough cleaners.C. The food in the café was disappointing.D. The service in the shops was slow.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (5 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31. I can't agree with my Mum. I think that such an old-fashioned dress can't cost a __________. She says 100 pounds is a real __________.A. lot of money; luckB. bargain; luckC. fortune; bargainD. big sum; fortune32. __________ is on the rise, with over 20% of serious crimes being committed by children under the age of seventeen.A. Junior crimeB. Juvenile delinquencyC. Minor crimeD. Senior delinquency33. The Smiths were leaving that __________ town. Everybody wanted to escape its noise and pollution and was looking forward to a __________country life.A. crowded; peacefu lB. deserted; peacefulC. desert; thrillingD. empty; sour34. When I first began writing poetry, I think the poets that I had studied at school __________ my approach and the things I wrote about.A. communicatedB. impressedC. influencedD. discussed35. She is an excellent teacher who has taught in four schools.__________ she taught, her principals had a high opinion of her.A. WhereverB. EverywhereC. Inasmuch asD. In such schools that36. My friend Tanya __________ Japanese for six years before she__________ Japan. I've just received a letter from her. It says she has been studying Chinese for three months and __________ for China in a month.A. had been studying; visited; is leavingB. studied; had visited; will live inC. has studied; visited; would leaveD. was studying; has visited; leaves37. At the last place Gary worked, they __________ an annual company picnic. All the employees __________ bring their families along and spend the day at a nearby park. It was great.A. had to have; had toB. used to have; couldn'tC. would have; didn't have toD. used to have; would38. They __________ such a big van __________ the price of gas would skyrocket.A. would have bought; if they knewB. wouldn't have bought; had they knownC. wouldn't have bought; if had they knownD. wouldn't have bought; did they know39. We're going to paint the town __________ to celebrate our win.A. blueB. purpleC. goldD. red40. Written in central Canada in the early part of the twentieth century, __________, depicts life in Manitoda.A. The Midnight Sun was Victor Frank's last novelB. Victor Frank's last novel was The Midnight SunC. The Midnight Sun, which was Victor Frank's last novelD. Which was Victor Frank's last novel, The Midnight SunPart III Situational Dialogues (5 minutes, 5 points)Directions: There are 5 incomplete dialogues in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41. Dan: Have you ever participated in a risky sport?Kay: Yes, I like hang gliding. It's fantastic to be able to fly like a bird. Though landing is sometimes difficult, I've always felt hang gliding is quite safe.Dan: ____________________________________Kay: I've never been seriously injured. Maybe I've just been lucky. Once, my glider turned upside down, and I lost control. I almost crashed, but I parachuted away just in time.A. What sports are risky?B. Do you ever get into some difficult situations?C. Have you ever hurt yourself in an accident?D. Have you ever been to a sports centre?42. Lucy: What made you leave such a large company?Ken: My work there was so boring. I couldn't do anything myself. I always had to have my boss' approval. So I decided to get a new job at Coricom, a small venture company.Lucy: ____________________________________Ken: The work here is very challenging, which suits me. We always have to cope with dynamic working conditions. And, since there are not many people in this company, we understand each other very well and feel like we are all in the same family.A. What's the hardest part of your new job?B. How do you like your new job?C. Tell me about what you liked at the large company.D. Tell me about what you liked in your university.43. Julio: ____________________________________Officer: Well, first, you write and get an application form. Then, you send it in with a copy of your school records. And after that, you ask your teachers for some letters of recommendation.Julio: Are foreign students allowed to work in the States?Officer: They'll only let you work in the summer. And you'll need to get permission from the U.S. Officer of Immigration to do that. During the school year you're not allowed to work unless the work experience is part of your school program.A. Is it all right to apply to several universities at the same time?B. I'd like to get some information on how to get into an American university.C. When can I apply for that?D. I'd like to get some information on how to get a travel card.44. Bob: ____________________________________Jane: My first book was Trapped in a Cave, a true story about two boys who got trapped in an underground cave for five days without food, water or light. Next I wrote the current twelve volumes of Real Kids, Real Adventures.Right now I'm working on the next two Real Kids, Real Adventures books.Bob: ____________________________________Jane: If I'm looking for a specific kind of story - for instance a child who survived being struck by lightning - I'll go to the library and use Newsbank, keying in on words like “lightning” and “child”. Mostly, though, I get tips from kids who read the Real Kids, Real Adventures books and send notes or newspaper clippings.A. Can you tell me about the books you've written so far? ; Where do you get your stories?B. What are your favorite books that you've read? ; Where do you get your stories?C. Can you tell me about the books you've written so far? ; What's the hardest part about being a writer?D. Where do you get your stories? ; What's the hardest part about being a writer?45. Lisa: ____________________________________Andy: I think people love to laugh. They want to laugh even in serious business presentations, in the classroom, seminar, and so on. When people laugh, they relax. And they can remember you and your message better.Lisa: ____________________________________Andy: Most people give a summary at the end of their speech. But, in my opinion, a summary at the end only distracts from a good presentation. I want to give people a chance to think about the topic, so I finish my speech with some questions.A. Could you tell me how to introduce speakers? ; How do you end your speech?B. Could you tell me how to introduce speakers? ; Do you think the title of a speech is important?C. How do you end your speech? ; Do you think the title of a speech is important?D. Why do you use so many jokes in your speech? ; How do you end your speech?Part IV IQ Test (5 minutes, 5 points)Directions: There are 5 IQ Test questions in this part. For each question there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.46. What is the minimum number of matches you can remove from this diagram to leave just 2 squares?A. 2.B. 4.C. 6.D. 8.47. Which of the bottom watches completes the sequence?48. Which of these cubes cannot be formed from this web49. How many circles contain a dot?A. 12.B. 11.C. 10.D. 13.50. Each symbol in this table has a value. The total of these values in each row and column is written at the end of the corresponding row or column. Can you find the value of each symbol?A. Triangle = 6.5, Square = 4.2, Diamond = 5.8, Circle = 11.4B. Triangle = 7.5, Square = 5.2, Diamond = 6.8, Circle = 12.4C. Triangle = 8.5, Square = 5.2, Diamond = 6.8, Circle = 13.4D. Triangle = 5.5, Square = 3.2, Diamond = 4.8, Circle = 10.4Part V Reading Comprehension (25 minutes, 40 points)Section A Multiple Choice (5 points)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 5 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 51-55 are based on the following passage.I was dirty, smelly, hungry and somewhere beneath all that, suntanned. It was the end of an Inter-Rail holiday. My body couldn't take any more punishment. My mind couldn't deal with any more foreign timetables, currencies or languages.“Never again,” I said, as I stepped onto home ground. I said exactly the same thing the following year. And the next. All I had to do was buy one train ticket and, because I was under twenty-five years old, I could spend a whole month going anywhere I wanted in Europe. Ordinary beds are never the same once you've learnt to sleep in the corridor of a train, the rhythm rocking you into a deep sleep.Carrying all your possessions on your back in a rucksack makes you have a very basic approach to travel, and encourages incredible wastefulness that can lead to burning socks that have become too anti-social, and getting rid of books when finished. On the other hand, this way of looking at life is entirely in the spirit of Inter-Rail, for common sense and reasoning can be thrown out of the window along with the paperback book and the socks. All it takes to achieve this carefree attitude is one of those tickets in your hand.Any system that enables young people to travel through countries at a rate of more than one a day must be pretty special. On that first trip, my friends and I were at first unaware of the possibilities of this type of train ticket, thinking it was just an inexpensive way of getting to and from our chosen camp-site in southern France. But the idea of non-stop travel proved too tempting, for there was always just one more country over the border, always that little bit further to go. And what did the extra miles cost us? Nothing.We were not completely uninterested in culture. But this was a first holiday without parents, as it was for most other Inter-Railers, and in organizing our own timetable we left out everything except the most immediately available sights. This was the chance to escape the guided tour, an opportunity to do something different. I took great pride in the fact that, in many places, all I could be bothered to see was the view from the station. We were just there to get by, and to have a good time doing so. In this we were no different from most of the other Inter-Railers with whom we shared corridor floors, food and water, money and music.The excitement of travel comes from the sudden reality of somewhere that was previously just a name. It is as if the city in which you arrive never actually existed until the train pulls in at the station and you are able to see it with your own tired eyes for the first time.Questions:51. At the end of his first trip, the writer said “Never again” because_______.A. he felt illB. he disliked trainsC. he was tired from the journeyD. he had lost money52. What does the writer m ean by “this way of looking at life” in Paragraph 3?A. Worrying about your clothes.B. Throwing unwanted things away.C. Behaving in an anti-social way.D. Looking after your possessions.53. Why did the writer originally buy an Inter-Rail ticket?A. To get to one place cheaply.B. To meet other young people.C. To see a lot of famous places.D. To go on a tour of Europe.54. What the writer liked about traveling without his parents was that _______ .A. he could see more interesting placesB. he could spend more time sightseeingC. he could stay away from home longerD. he could make his own decisions55. What does “it” in Line 3, Paragraph 6, refer to?A. A name.B. The city.C. The train.D. The station.Section B Yes / No / Not given (5 points)Directions: In this part, you will have 5 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet. For questions 56 - 60, markY (for Yes) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for No) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for Not Given) if the information is not given in the passage.Questions 56-60 are based on the following passage.The Outdoor CentreOpening timesWater sports: 10 am - 6 pmPlay Park: 10 am - 5.30 pmEntrance / Car park feesLow season: Weekdays ￡2.00 per car Weekends ￡3.00 per carHigh season: 23 July - 11 September Weekdays and weekends ￡3.00 per carFees are for cars with four people. Each extra person is 50p. Fees to be paid at the main office.The center is not a private club; it is an organization whose aim is to provide outdoor sports and recreation facilities for the public.Group visitors are requested to inform the center in advance of their intended visit.Windsurfing - One-day courseBeginner windsurfing course is offered on Saturdays and Sundays when the weather is good enough. Learning to windsurf is a lot of fun. Theexcitement when you sail across the water for the first time is not easily forgotten. Boards with small sails are available for beginners.Course fee: ￡32.50 (this includes all equipment)One-day adventure courseThis is an opportunity you have been waiting for. Come and try sailing, climbing, surfing and archery. This course is intended to introduce outdoor activities to adults in a fun, leisurely manner. You do not need to be extremely fit or to have had previous experience of the activities. All you need is to be interested.Course fee: ￡22.50Play ParkThe Play Park is suitable for children from two to ten years of age. It is one of the best of its type in the country. It has sand and water play, slides, large ball pool, play castle and much, much more. Next year the center will open a new Play Palace and Play Ship.Summer adventure holidays (for 14 - 18 years of age)Sailing Climbing Windsurfing Fun GamesStatement:Safety is of primary importance at the Outdoor Center. All staff members are fully trained in First Aid, and qualified to teach the activities on offer. We also make certain that all children only take part in activities that are suitable for their age and physical abilities. For this programme children must be able to swim 25 metres and be in good physical health.Statements:56. In August, four people visiting the centre together by car have to pay more than two people.57. The centre has special equipment for people who learn to sail.58. The adventure course is suitable for beginners.59. The centre is planning to add extra facilities to the Play Park.60. Summer adventure holidays are open to any child between eight and fourteen years who can swim.Section C Short Answer Questions (20 points)Directions: In this section, there are 2 passages followed by 10 questions or unfinished statements. Read the passages carefully, then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 61-65 are based on the following passage.Going to the beach is many Americans' favorite activity. In the area near New York City, nine million people used to go to the beach every summer. They went swimming in the ocean without giving a thought to what was underwater．But those days are long gone．In the summer of 1988，the government was forced to shut down beaches all over America．Many of the beaches had to be closed because garbage from hospitals was found in the water．The garbage included glass bottles with samples of blood，and people were afraid they might get AIDS from the blood．Where the medical garbage came from is anybody's guess．At some beaches，sewage （生活污水）was found in the water.Americans were shocked by this state of affairs．They had long taken for granted that oceans were big enough to stay clean，even if garbage and sewage were dumped into them．People didn't think of the underwater garbage because it was out of sight．Some of the most polluted waters still look beautiful at first glance．San Francisco Bay is a good example of a beautiful bay that's full of chemicals．Scientists discovered pollution in some lakes and rivers when they found fish with rotting skin．In many parts of America，people are told not to eat too much fish because of pollution．Most American cities put their garbage in the ground．But New York and a few other cities put their garbage in the ocean．Boston Harbor is so polluted that scientists say it won't recover until the next century at best．The city of Boston puts its sewage in the water．The government has ordered the city to build a sewage treatment plant．Cleaning up oceans won't be easy，but people can no longer ignore this challenge．Questions:61. Most Americans used to go to the beach because of __________.62. Ocean waters around America have become polluted by __________.63. Some polluted waters are still beautiful because pollutants such as chemicals are hard to __________.64. If fish live in polluted waters people should not __________.65. The author of this passage seems to suggest that people should pay more attention to__________.Passage TwoQuestions 66-70 are based on the following passage.There are cockroaches (蟑螂) everywhere on Earth except the places that are covered with ice. Scientists have discovered about 3,500 different species of cockroach. There is just one human species! Cockroaches can be anything in size from about five mm to nine cm. Although five mm is very small, nine cm is as long as a large rat.It is very diffi cult to catch most cockroaches. They “see” with the hairs on their bodies. These hairs can feel the smallest movement in the air, so the cockroaches know immediately something moves, and run to safety.Of all the species of cockroach, fortunately only three live among humans and are a serious problem. They are the German, the Oriental, and theAmerican. One egg case of the German cockroach can produce as many as seven million cockroaches in 12 months!Our main problem with cockroaches is that not only do they look ugly to us, but they also carry diseases. They are particularly dangerous in hospitals as they eat all kinds of hospital waste or get it on their bodies. They can then carry this waste, which may contain dangerous bacteria, on to food which is then eaten by people in the hospital.Most of the bacteria that cause food poisoning have been found in the stomachs of cockroaches, so it is important that cockroaches should be kept out of restaurants and other places where food is prepared.Many people work and try to destroy cockroaches, but as soon as they find one way of doing it, the cockroaches “learn” how to deal with it. Electricity does not always kill them and they can avoid most poisons or “learn” how to deal with others. At one time, scientists thought that radiation would kill them, but they have been on Earth for about 300 million years, and it does not harm them as much as it does us.It seems probable that when there are no longer human beings living on the Earth, cockroaches will still be here.Questions:66. Cockroaches do not live in places where it is __________.67. Cockroaches know that someone or something is near because__________.68. Cockroaches can __________ because they carry bacteria.69. Paragraph 6 says that it is very difficult to __________.70. The passage is mainly about __________.Section D Summary (10 points)Directions: In this part, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary with the appropriate words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 71-75 are based on the following passage.Cosmetics have been used throughout history. The ancient Greeks, the Egyptians, and the Romans all used various kinds of makeup. Some of these cosmetics were used to improve their appearance. Others were used to protect their skin. But in some cases, things used for makeup were dangerous, or even deadly!Some of the first skin care treatments started in Egypt. In fact, Cleopatra was known to use them. She thought a bath in milk and honey left her skin silky smooth. Egyptians also developed some of the earliest sunscreens. They used oils and creams for protection against the sun and dry winds. Egyptian and other ancient cultures also used various powders on their skin for beauty. Egyptians used black kohl around their eyes. Romans put white chalk on theirfaces. And Indians painted red henna on their bodies.Most of the ancient cosmetic powders, oils, and creams were harmless. But in the name of beauty, some people applied dangerous chemicals and poisons to their skin. During the Italian Renaissance, women wore white powder made of lead on their faces. Of course, doctors now know lead is like a poison for our bodies.Also around the time of the Renaissance, women in Italy put drops of belladonna in their eyes. Belladonna is a very poisonous plant. The poison in the plant affects the nerves in the body. By putting belladonna drops in her eyes, a woman's pupils would become very large. People thought this made her more beautiful. Actually, this is why the plant is called belladonna. In Italian, belladonna means “beautiful woman.”When Elizabeth I was queen of England in the late 1500s, some rather dangerous cosmetics were also used by women there. Women were using rouge made with mercury. They were also using special hair dye made with lead and sulphur. The dye was designed to give people red hair, the same color as the queen's hair. Over time, the dye made people's hair fall out. Finally, women using this dye ended up bald, like the queen, and had to wear wigs.Summary:Although people have used cosmetics throughout history, not all of them have been safe. In fact, some of them have been quite (71)__________ to people. For example, long ago in Italian (72)__________, people thought women with big pupils were beautiful. Therefore, in the (73)__________ of beauty, women began to put (74)__________ of belladonna in their eyes to make their pupils larger. Today we know belladonna is poisonous, and it can affect the (75)__________ in the body.Part VI Cloze (10 minutes, 15 points)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the passage. For each blank, some letters of the word have been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and think of the word which best fits each blank. Use only one word in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.I'm really in two minds about what to do when I leave school. Should I go straight to university or should I spend a year travelling (76) a the world?First of all, there are so many (77) ben of going straight to university.The most important point is that the (78) s I get my qualifications, the quicker I'll get a job and start earning.In my opinion, starting work and making (79)m is one of the most important things in life.And I'm not (80) al in this opinion. Many consider a sound(81)ca and a good salary to be an important goal.Secondly, if I go straight to university, I'll learn so many things that will。

全国⼤学⽣英语竞赛C类（本科⽣）章节习题详解（改错）【圣才出品】第六章改错第⼀节命题分析1. 考试要求改错是2012年出现的新题型，要求考⽣能运⽤语法、词汇等语⾔知识识别所给短⽂内容的语病并提出改正⽅法。

2. 试题形式本部分由⼀篇约200～250个单词的短⽂组成，短⽂中有10⾏标有题号。

该10⾏内每⾏最多含有⼀个错误。

要求学⽣根据“增添”“删除”“改变”其中某⼀个单词或“标记该⾏正确”四种⽅法中的⼀种改正语误。

3. 命题特点（1）从题材来看：以考⽣⽐较熟悉的⼈⽂、社会⽣活类题材为主。

（2）从考查内容来看：错误类型可分为语法知识错误、词汇与搭配错误、语意不符错误。

——语法知识错误主要指主谓⼀致、⽐较级、名词单复数、第三⼈称单数等语法规则的误⽤；——词汇与搭配错误主要指近形、近义词等易混词的误⽤以及固定短语搭配的误⽤；——语意不符错误是指该处⽤词与整篇⽂章感情⾊彩或⽂章基调不⼀致。

（3）从出题⽐重和考察频率来看：语法错误在这三类出题形式中占绝对优势，相⽐之下，词汇与搭配错误以及语意不符错误⽐较少。

第⼆节技巧指南⼀、典型错误分类讲解为了能使考⽣较为彻底地把握解决错误、识别语病的钥匙，为了避免“知其然⽽不知其所以然”的现象，我们⾸先从错误类型归类着⼿，介绍易于记忆的、起关键作⽤的要点、标记，并以此作为钥匙去开启识别、改正短⽂的语病之⼤门。

1. 语法错误（1）词法错误词法错误常见的考点有：名词、动词、形容词或副词、介词、连词、冠词等语法规则的误⽤。

◆名词错误①名词数的混淆【例】[2016年C类决赛]Toronto, Canada, is located on the shore of Lake Ontario, with direct flight to most major world cities.【flight→flights。

单复数误⽤。

】②名词与动词、形容词词性的转换【例】[2016年C类决赛]English and French are the office languages in Canada.【office→official。

2010 National English Contest for College Students(Level C--- Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks)Part II Vocabulary and Structures ( 15 marks )There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices, marked A, B C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.31. When Ian was injured, Harry was chosen as last-minute for the rugby team.A. preferenceB. diversificationC. alternativeD. replacement32.—Hello, Mr. Brown, I’m ringing about our component delivery. It’s notarrived yet and it’s already three o’clock in the afternoon.—Let’s see...it’s reach you on Tuesday afternoon.A. owing toB. likely toC. due toD. subject to33. Among the last groups of people to accept the new model were religious groups, who still the idea that the earth was the center of the universe.A. clung toB. applied toC. adapted toD. contributed to34. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to considerable impact.A. escapeB. overwhelmC. withstandD. suppress35.—Would you like me to go to the dentist with you?—No, you with me.A. need not to goB. need not goC. do not need goD. not need godiagnosed with cancer.A. aggressivelyB. drasticallyC. exactlyD. initially37. Great minds generally look at life in a way to themselves.A. peculiarB. confinedC. similarD. unusual38. They called in an electrician he could put a finger on the cause of the short circuit.A. to hopeB. to be hopingC. hopingD. to have hoped39. The resistance experienced when one body moves over another, it is in contact, is called frictional force.A. to whichB. whereC. with whichD. while40. Above all, they want to study a question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?A. contraryB. fundamentalC. solemnD. progressive41.—Tina, I hear you had a good journey to the Maldives last week, How was it?—I enjoyed the beautiful scenery, but the hotel was satisfactory.A. not anythingB. nothing fromC. nothing butD. anything but42.At the beginning of the 20th century, people made coffee a cloth bag full of coffee grounds into boiling water.A. by dumpingB. to dumpC. for dumpingD. that dumped43. If you Susan recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange.A. shouldn’t contactB. hadn’t contactC. weren’t to contactD.didn’t contact44. B eata: I’ve put the job advertisement in the newspaper, Mr. Trim.Trim: Good.Beata: Well, it was a bit more than the ＄10 that they quoted us.Trim: As long as it wasn’t ＄10 a day.A.How to schedule it?B. How much was it?C. How often was it put there?D. How about the newspaper?45. Woman: Who is Jackie Tow? I have a parcel here for him.Jackie: That’s me.Woman: Yes, put your name here.Jackie: Thank you. It must be the new pair of shoes I bought online.A. This is the receipt for it.B. Do you have the sender’s address?C. I have to check the packageD. Do I have to sign for it?Part III Cloze (10 marks)Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letters of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Where The Wild Thing Are“I didn’t set out to make a children’s movie,” says Being john Malkovich director Spike Jonze , “I set out to make a movie about childhood.” Indeed, like the recent alternative children’s book (46) adapt , Fantastic MrFox, this is more like an adult film (47) children’s clothing －or rather in Jim Henson monster suits. When rambunctious (无法无天) nine-year-old Max feels (48) ig by his busy single mum and her new boyfriend, and runs away (49) home , he finds himself on an island populated by huge, hairy, scary Wild Things. Here, he gets himself crowned king, and he and the monsters fight and play, and throw mud at each other (which the younger viewers will love). They return home. That’s it .And that’s your problem. As a film , I can’t (50) de it’s disappointing. Despite whimsical (异想天开) imaginative and heart-tugging moments, Jonze and co-writer Dave Eggers inevitably lose the wonderful subtlety (精妙之处) of Maurice sendak’s well-loved 338-word picture book just by (51) (spin) it out into a full-length feature. Enough already! We get this dysfunctional group of neurotic Wild Things (52) rep Max’s child’s eye view of grown-ups as comprehensible giants, both terrifying and loving. (53) , even the repetitive action and non-subtleties (54) ,make this feel more like family therapy than a fairy (55)t can’t destroy the film’s haunting magic.Part IV Reading Comprehension (40marks)Read the following passages carefully and answer the questions given. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Section A (10 marks)HOLDAYS IN WALES1. Rhos –Ddu Country CottagesYnys, Criccieth LL532 OPBDelightful hideaway cottages with private fishing. Comfortably furnished with antiques, old oak beams, log fires, giving the aura and grace of a bygone age, but with all the essentials of the 20th century –sauna, jacuzzi , four poster bed ,snooker table… A holiday venue one rarely finds –but often dreams of. For Enquiries contact:Mrs A JonesRhandir, Boduan, Pwllheli Gwynedd, LL53 8UA2. Five Star CottageTalhenbont hall, Talhenbont, Criccieth, GwyneddEnq: Roger & Gillian GoodLovingly restored stone cottage and hunting lodge in 70 acre wooded country estate with river. A luxurious and carefree holiday for the discerning. Available throughout the year.Woodland walks and wildlife.Free tennis, riding and fishing .One mile from coast, five miles Snowdonia . Under the personal supervision of the owners.3.Windsor Flats12 Marine Terrace, Criccieth,Gwynedd,LL52 OEFOn sea front close to Criccieth fortable, clean,fully equipped,completely private flats,in picturesque village central for Snowdonia and the Llyn Peninula. Climbing, sailing, fishing, walking, tennis and golf closeby. Colour TV,payphone.Bed linen supplied. Short breaks available out of season.Write or phone for brochure.4.Dwyach CottagesCticciech, GwyneddEnquiries: Mrs S Edwards Pen-y-Bryn,Chwilog, Pwllheli, Gwyhedd,LL53 6SXEnjoy a peaceful holiday in beautifully situated farmhouse or single storey cottage. This is an area of unrivalled natural beauty, the haunt of buzzards and woodpeckers. Cottages are superbly equipped to make your holiday relaxed and memorable. Dishwasher , washer/dryer, microwave, linen, children’s play area, barbecue and farm trail.5.Bron Afon Self CateringBorth-y-Gest, Phorthmadog, Gwynedd, LL49 9TUSituated only minutes from the beach with fabulous views of garden, sea and mountains. The accommodation is quiet and private. An ideal base for touring , walking, climbing, fishing, the slate mines, castles, Portmeirion, Porthmadog leisure centre or just relaxing on the beach.Bed & Breakfast also available.Question 56 to 58: Decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the advertisements.56.To have a holiday in a delightful hideaway cottage ,you should contact Mrs S Edwards.57.In the Cticcieth Five Star Hotel , free tennis ,game fishing, riding and golf are available.58.Short breaks are available out of season in the Llyn Peninsula.Question 59 to 60:Answer the following questions briefly according to the advertisements.59. If you plan to have a holiday with your children, what is the best place?60.What will you enjoy most in Bron Afon Self Catering?Section B(10 marks)The giant panda,the creature that has become a symbol of conservation ,is facing extinction. The major reason is loss of habitat, which has contitued despite the establishment of 14 panda reserves . Deforestation , mainly carried out by farmers clearing land to make way for fields as they move higher into the mountains,has drastically contracted the mammal’s range. The panda has disappeared from much of central and eastern China, and is now restricted to the eastern flank of the Himalayas.Satellite imagery has shown the seriousness of the situation ; almost half of the panda’s habitat has been cut down or degraded since 1975.Worse ,the surviving panda population has also become fragmented; a combination of satellite imagery and ground surveys reveals panda “islands” in patches of forest separated by cleared land. The population of these islands has become isolated because the animals are loath to cross open areas .Just putting a road through panda habitat may be enough to split a population in two.The minuscule size of the panda populations worries conservationists. The smallest groups have too few animals to be viable, and will inevitably die out .The larger populations may be viable in the short term, but will be susceptible to genetic defects as a result of inbreeding.In these circumstances, a more traditional threat to pandas – the cycle of flowering and subsequent withering of the bamboo that is their staple food –can become literally species-threatening. The flowering prompts pandas to move from one area to another, thus preventing inbreeding in otherwise sedentary populations. In pandas, however, bamboo flowering could prove catastrophic （灾难性的）because the pandas are unable emigrate.The latest conservation management plan for the panda, prepared by China’s Ministry of Forestry and the World Wide Fund for Nature, aims primarily at maintaining panda habitats and ensuring that populations are linked wherever possible. This plan will change some existing reserve boundaries, establish 14 new reserves and protect or replant corridors-of forest between panda islands. Other measures include better control of poaching, reducing the degradation of habitats outside reserves, and reforestation.The plan is ambitious. Implementation will be expensive and will require participation by individuals ranging from villagers to government officials. Question 61 to 65: Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, only one word for each blank.The survival of the giant panda is being seriously (61) .This is largely because the overall size of their habitat has been reduced. As a result, pandas are more prone to problems and are unable to (62) around freely, following the growth cycles of (63) plant. A new plan aims to protect existing panda (64) and to join some of them together. This plan also involves reforestation and the creation of new reserves. To succeed, everyone,(65) both the government and individuals, will have to cooperate. Section C (10 marks)Honda has developed a way to read patterns of electric currents on a person’s scalp as well as changes in cerebral blood flow when a person thinks about four simple movements-moving the right hand, moving the left hand, running and eating.67 In a video shown at Tokyo headquarters, a person wearing a helmet sat still but thought about moving his right hand –a thought that was picked up by electrodes attached to his head inside the helmet.68 Honda said the technology wasn’t quite ready for a live demonstration because of possible distr actions in the person’s thinking.Another problem is that brain patterns differ greatly among individuals, and so about two to three hours of studying them in advance are needed for the technology to work. The company, a leader in robotics, acknowledged the technology was still at a basic research stage, with no immediate practical applications in the works.69 Japan boasts one of the leading robotics industries in the world, and the government is pushing to develop the industry as a road to growth. Research on the brain is being tackled around the world, but Honda said its research was among the most advanced in figuring out ways to read brain patterns without having to hurt the person, such as embedding (植入) sensors into the skin . Honda has made robotics a centerpiece of its image, sending Asimo to events and starring the walking, talking robot in TV ads.70 “Our products are for people to use. It is important for us to understand human behavior, ” he said.“We think this is the ultimate in making a machine move.”Question 66:Choose the best answer according to the passage.66. What does Honda say about its robot Asimo?A. It can detect a person’s way of thinking.B. It can imitate complex human movements.C. It is still in its experimental stage.D. It is ready for market distribution.Question 67 to 70: Choose the most appropriate of the following paragraphs that fit into questions 67 to 70 in the passage.A. “I’m talking about dreams today,” said Yasuhisa Arai, executive at the Honda Research Ins titute in Japan, the company’s research unit. “Practical uses are still way into the future.”B. Among the challenges for this brain technology is making the reading-device smaller so it can be portable, according to Honda.C. After several seconds, Asimo, programmed to respond to these brain signals, lifted its right arm.D. Honda succeeded in analysing these thought patterns, and then relayed them as wireless commands to Asimo, its human-shaped robot.Section D (10marks)Being an introvert is a bad thing, right? Well, a lot of people seem to think so, judging by the number of articles I’ve read about how to “cure”introversion. In response to these articles, I wrote The Introverts Strike Back, in which I argued that introverts can’t become extraverts, and they shouldn’t particularly want to.However, I’m not here to debate whether it’s better to be an introvert to an extravert. The fact is, we all have to interact with both types of people every day. Regardless of which type you are, you can greatly improve your relationships by learning to get along better with people of the other type. Here are some tips for getting started.For Introverts:*Indicate to others when you’re busy.When an extravert sees you reading, writing, or maybe just thinking, he might assume that the only reason you are doing this is because you don’t have someone to talk to. So he thinks he’s doing you a favor by striking up a conversation, when he’s actually interrupting.To prevent this, be sure to give an indicati on that you’re in the middle of something and don’t want to socialise right now. This can be a visual sign or verbal.I know one person who tended to get a lot of visitors at work, and while he was actually an extravert, the frequent visits were slowing him down too much. He put a sign on his door saying “If I don’t make eye contact or respond to you, I apologize. I’m not trying to be rude, I just have a lot of work to do. Thank you for understanding.” While I don’t think many people need to go that far, it certainly worked!*Realise that extraverts often need to talk.Because extraverts are more in touch with the external world, for them talking is something as necessary as breathing. They might think out loud by bouncing their thoughts off other people, and they might need to chat in order to boost their energy.For an introvert, this can be the most difficult part of dealing with an extravert. The same conversation that energises the extravert also drains the introvert. However, keeping in mind that the extravert is not being intentionally malicious, the introvert has at least two options for handling this in a polite way. They can patiently participate in the conversation, and then, when it’s over, recharge by being alone. Or they can cut of f the conversation early by mentioning something else they need to be doing, or even by saying, “I’d like to help, but I’m not sure that I’m the right person for you to be talking to.”Of course, sometimes a conversation can be very enjoyable for an introvert, in which case this isn’t a problem.For Extraverts:*Ask if someone is busy before spending time with them.If someone appears to be lonely, they might not be. Even if they’re just sitting there and don’t seem to be doing anything, they could be de ep in thought and not want to be interrupted.If you need something, try to ask for it up front. Otherwise, look for clues that they might not feel like talking right now, such as lack of eye contact.If they seem uninterested, don’t take it personally. You just don’t knowwhat you’re interrupting.*Understand what a draining effect a conversation can have on someone.No matter how fabulous a person you are, keep in mind that introverts simply prefer their internal world to the external world. They might start off witha fully changed battery, but while they’re engaged in conversation, that battery is steadily draining. How long it lasts depends on various factors,but be sure to keep an eye out for when they’re starting to lose interest.Be more to the point with introverts, and save most of your chatting for extraverts who will appreciate it more.Questions 71 to 74: Complete each of the following sentences with NO MORE THAN FIVE WORDS according to the passage.71. Introverts are advised to to prevent interrupting when they arein the middle of something.72. For extraverts, having a conversation with people can be as important as73. An important clue that someone might not feel like talking with you rightnow is74. It is necessary to remember that introverts tend to focus more on Question 75: Choose the best answer according to the passage.75. What is the passage mainly about?A. Whether it is better to be an introvert or an extravert.B. How to get along with both introverts and extraverts.C. How to avoid embarrassment in conversations.D. One should be neither an introvert nor an extravert.Part V Translation (20marks)Section A (10 marks)Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.A soaring dropout rate is causing the United Stated to lose ground educationally to rivals abroad and is trapping millions of young American at the very margins of the economy. (76)The Obama administration acknowledges the problems in its new budget, which includes a ＄50 million prevention programme, but solving this problem will require a lot more money and a comprehensive national strategy.The alarming scope of the dropout crisis is laid out by the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University in Boston and the Alternative Schools Network in Chicago. (77)Their study, which examines data from the 12 largest states, finds that 16 percent of people from the ages of 16 to 24 have dropped out.(78) The problem is especially pronounced among men, who make up more than 60 percent of those who change school nationally. The dropout problem hits minorities really hard.(79) Many of this country’s large urban high schools are rightly called “dropout factories” because more students leave school than graduate. According to the study, state dropout rates are highest in the South, where Gerorgia (22.1 percent), Florida (20.1 percent) and Texas (18.5 percent) leadthe way.(80) The dropout crisis presents a clear danger to national prosperity, but at the moment, states and localities are struggling to contain it with little help or guidance from the federal government. Congress, which is just waking up to this issue, can improve the situation by the putting its money and muscle behind proven programmes that have been shown to re-engage young people who have dropped out, and that keep at-risk children on track to complete their educations.Section B (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.81.石油价格的飞速上涨对世界经济产生了很大的影响。

2017年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试卷(C类)及答案1 2017National English Contest for College Students (Level C--- Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks) Section A (5 marks) In this section, you will hear five short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A. To buy a newspaper. B. To find a chemist. C. To post a letter.2. A. Their billing system has been efficient. B. Their old billing system is outdated. C. He’s unimpressed with the new billing system.3. A. She’s been on vacation. B. She’s been at the grocery store. C. She’s been on a business trip.4. A. To go to the market. B. To have coffee. C. To have a discussion.5. A. Changing a flight reservation. B. Canceling a hotel reservation. C. Reserving an extra hotel room.Section B (10 marks) In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the five questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Conversation one 6. What’s Tania’s phone number?A. 506-6178B. 501-6678C. 501-66877. Who is going shopping at Harrods? A. Tania. B. Karl. C. Karl’s mother.8. How is Tania going to get to Harrods? A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By tube.9. Which street plan shows the way from the station? A. B. C.10. What kind of wine does Karl want? A. Red Merlot. B. White Bordeaux. C. Rose Chianti. Conversation Two11. Which drawing shows the position of the handle?A. B. C.12. What other product features are included? A. A range of handle sizes. B. A variety of color combinations. C. A set of rings for different-sized tins.13. What’s the purpose of the V-clip? A. To hold the paint brush so it drips in the can. B. To prevent paint from getting onto the painted surfaces. C. To prevent the brush drying out if the painter is interrupted.14. Who will probably use the can-holder? A. Artists. B. Decorators. C. Soldiers.15. How much does the product cost? A. ￡4. B. ￡5. C. $4.Section C (5 marks) In this section, you will hear five short news item. Each item will be read only once. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16. What has prompted the new administration to review the Australia’s citizenship test?A. It’s out of date.B. Higher immigration rates.C. Many applicants failing it.17. Which train provides the easiest way to see Mount Fuji?A. From Tokyo to Yokohama.B. From Osaka to Yokohama.C. From Tokyo to Osaka.18. How many U.N. employees were killed in 2007?A. 17.B. 42.C. 59.19. What have studies found out about severe pneumonia treatment?A. No medication works in developing countries.B. It can be effectively treated at home with oral antibiotics.C. It can only be treated in the hospital with injectable antibiotics.20. What was the bar’s business like before the smoking ban?A. Almost empty every day.B. Usually crowded at midday.C. Empty on Wednesdays. Section D (10 marks) In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words or phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Crime isn’t rising because the laws are not strict enough, or because the (21) ________ are not tough enough, or simply because there aren’t enough policemen on the beat. It is rising because the agencies and individuals who can have a (22) _______ effect on crime are not pulling together or in the same (23) ______. The police are one of those agencies, of course. But crime prevention is also a matter for (24) ______ who are content to see mass (25) _______ turn into a way of life, for councils who prefer to shout yah-boo at the police, (26) _____ getting on with making life safer for local people, for architects who design exposed and indefensible buildings, for parents who don’t take enough interest in what their teenage children are getting up to and for (27) ______ who sit inside and moan (28) ______ do anything about the state of the neighborhood or the street. Crime prevention has been neglected for too many by too many. Over the last tenyears it has been willfully neglected in defiance of mounting (29) _______ that it is the central hope of (30) ________ action against crime.Part II Vocabulary and Structures (10 minutes, 15 marks) There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices, marked A, B C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.31. They are looking for _______ man with _______ long dark hair. He is armed and dangerous.A. a; aB. the; aC. a; /D. /; the32. It was unfortunate, but she had no _____ but to act as she did. A. chance. B. opportunityC. optionD. solution33. The _____ driver thinks that accidents only happen to other people. A. general B. usualC. commonD. average34. How did they manage to steal the Van Gogh? It was right ____ the security guard’s nose. A. below B. before C. under D. beside35. The student ______ continuing his studies when he had to return to his home country unexpectedly. A. is considering B. was considering C. should consider D. has considered36. My friends and I enjoy doing many of the same things. In that respect, we have a lot _______.A. in similarB. in particularC. in commonD. in accordance37. Our planned visit to the United States _______ because we were unable to get the visas. A. fell over B. fell down C. fell through D. fell on38. Lest anyone _____ it strange, let me assure you that it is quite true. A. thought B. should think C. had thought D. thinking39. When Sally ______ the criminal ______ her house, she screamed at the top of her voicebecause she didn’t want ______. A. saw; enter; killed B. saw; enter; to be killed C. sees; entering; be killed D. sees; enter; killing40. Tina’s children, _____ all live nearby, organized a big party for her eightieth birthday. A. whoB. thatC. whichD. as41. Sometimes it is necessary to be careful _______ the right date to sit for a test. A. when choosing B. when you will choose C. when you have chosen D. when you chose 42. Einstein’s theory of relativity seemed hard to believe at the time _______. A. when he first introduced B. that he first introduced it C. he first introduced D. which he first introduced it43. ________ really. I like both public transport and driving. A. On second thoughts B. I could go either way C. I will never learn to drive D. But then again44. _____ I’m getting married! A. Can you keep a secret? B. Well I never! C. Many happy returns. D. Congratulations!45. --- So, do you know where you’d like to go? --- Actually, I’ve heard that it’s very expensive and it’s cold all the time. A. I beg your pardon? B. Yeah, but it’s not very good. C. Do you know any good hotels? D. Do you have any suggestions?Part III Reading Comprehension (20 minutes, 40 marks) Section A (4 marks) There is one passage in this section with 4 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B C and D. You should decide on the best choice, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 46-49 are based on the following passage.Most sore throats are caused by an infection which treatment with antibiotics cannot cure. But with simple remedies the patient normally gets better in 4 or 5 days.Tonsillitis, however, usually starts with a sore throat which causes pain on swallowing. With children and some adults there may be a fever and the patient is obviously not feeling well. It may be possible to see white spots on the back of the throat. The neck may also swell, both of which are the normal response to infection.Sometimes a sore throat may occur with the common cold, and with influenza there may be dryness of the throat, pain on coughing and loss of voice.TREATMENTAspirin: To help relieve the pain on swallowing and (if there is one) the fever, use aspirin tablets dissolved in water, so that the patient can gargle before swallowing. Repeat the treatment every 4 hours.Drink: Encourage the patient to drink plenty of liquids.Food: Food should not be forced on a patient who does not want to eat. Steam: If there is pain in the throat on coughing, breathing in steam may help.CHILDRENYoung children, who may not be able to gargle, should be given aspirin dissolved in water every 4 hours at the right dose for their age.At one year: a single junior aspirin. At five years: half an adult aspirin. At eight years: one whole adult aspirin.WHEN TO SEE THE DOCTORIf the sore throat is still getting worse after 2 days. If the patient complains of earache. If the patient or parent is very worried.46. According to the passage, it would appear that most sore throats _________. A. require an immediate visit to a doctor B. respond quickly to treatment with an antibiotic C. rarely turn out to be symptoms of serious illness D. result in tonsillitis even when treated47. In order to treat a sore throat one should ________. A. prevent the patient from eating too much B. give the patient up to 4 aspirin tablets every day C. advise the patient to drink large amounts of liquids D. make the patient gargle with hot liquids48. You should call the doctor in if _________. A. swelling occurs in the region of the ears B. the patient’s condition worsens after 2 days C. the patient’s throat is still sore after a weekD. the disease spreads to another member of the family49. What difference is there in the way adults and young children should be treated with aspirin?A. Young children should not be allowed to gargle with it.B. Adults should be given tablets to swallow whole.C. Young children should be given aspirin more often than adults.D. Adults should be given larger doses of aspirin than children.Section B (14 marks) There is one passage in this section with 10 questions. Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet. For questions 50-55, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 56-59, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.In 1945 leaders from 51 countries met in San Francisco, California, and organized the United Nations (often called the UN). World War II had just ended. Millions of people had died, and there was destruction everywhere. People hoped they could build a future of world peace through this new organization.The United Nations has four main goals and purposes:1. To work together for international peace and to solve international problems;2. To develop friendly relations among nations;3. To work together for human rights for everyone of all races, religions, and of both sexes;4. To build a center where nations can work together for these goals.Today almost every country in the world is a member of the UN. Each country has signed an agreement that says:1. All members are equal.2. All members promise to solve international problems in a peaceful way.3. No member will use force against another member.4. All members will help the UN in its actions.5.The UN will not try to solve problems within countries except to enforce international peace. Obviously, the United Nations has not been completely successful in its goals. There have been several wars since 1945. However, the organization has helped bring peace to some countries that were at war. It has helped people who left their countries because of wars. It has helped bring independence to colonies.The main United Nations organization is in New York City, but the UN has a “family” of other related organizations all over the world. These organizations try to provide a better life for everyone. One example is UNICEF, an organization that provides food, medical care, and many other services for poor children wherever they live. Another example is the World Health Organization, which develops medical programs all over the world.There are thousands of UN workers in developing countries. They work as planners to increase production in farming and industry. They provide medical services, improve education programs, and spread scientific information. They develop programs that provide jobs and better living conditions. They help countries control their population growth.The United Nations also holds large international conferences, where people meet to discuss important world issues. One conference was about the uses and ownership of oceans. Another was about women. There are also International Years. In these special years, people work together to improve situations and solve problems. One year was the International Year of the Child.For centuries countries have fought each other, and powerful countries have taken control of weaker ones. It is very difficult to persuade nations to live together in peace. Nevertheless, the United Nations is attempting to do this. It is the only organization that unites the world in the search for peace.50. The United Nations was organized at a meeting in California in 1945.51. The United Nations works for international peace.52. Kuwait is a member of the UNICEF. 53. The United Nations has its main organization in San Francisco.54. The United Nations helped Algeria become independent.55. UNICEF is an organization that helps save wildlife.56. Each country in the UN has signed an agreement that says no member ______ against another member.57. Despite its effort, the United Nations hasn’t been ______ in its goals.58. People meet to discuss important world issues in ______ held by the United Nations.59. The United Nations is ______ nations to live together in peace, though it is difficult.Section C (10 marks) In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questions in as few words as possible (not more than 10 words). Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 60-64 are based on the following passage.A language is a system of sounds, gestures, or characters used by humans to communicate their ideas and feelings. There are about 4,000 spoken languages in the world. Some are spoken by millions of people. Other languages have only a few speakers.All languages have rules for forming words and for ordering those words in sentences. In written languages, meaning is expressed through a system of characters and rules for combining those characters. In spoken languages, meaning is expressed through a system of sounds and rules for combining those sounds. Many deaf people use sign languages, in which gestures do the work of the sound system of spoken languages.Word order is more important in English than it is in some other languages, such as Russian. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many languages spoken in West Africa. Languages are always changing, but they change very slowly. People invent new words for their language, borrow words from other languages, and change the meanings of words as needed. For example, the English word byte was invented by computer specialists in 1959. the English word tomato was borrowed from Nahuatl, and American Indian language spoken in Mexico. The English word meat once referred to food in general.There are several major language families in the world. The languages in each family are related, and scientists think they came from the same parent family. Language families come indifferent sizes. The Austronesian family contains at least 500 languages, including Pilipino, Malay, and Maori. The Basque language, spoken in northern Spain, is the only member of its language family.The Indo-European language family contains 55 languages, including English, German, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi.Another language family is Sino-Tibetan, which includes Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan. The Afro-Asiatic family includes Arabic, Hebrew, and Amharic. There are about 150 American Indian languages spoken today. These languages have many differences and have been divided into more than 50 language families.People learn languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language. Most children learn their first languages easily, and sometimes other languages as well. Adults often must work harder at learning a second language.Questions:60. How many languages are spoken all over the world?61. What are the language rules for?62. How is meaning expressed in sign language?63. What is more important in English compared with other languages?64. Which language is the only member of its language family?Section D (12 marks) In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in each of the spaces, 65-70. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. Questions 65-70 are based on the following passage.Welcome to “Software World” --- bringing you the very latest information on what is currently available on CD-ROM. Are you a director or producer looking for an unusual actor to play a part in a new movie project, or with that special look for a new commercial on TV? OK. The usual procedure would be to contact a theatrical agency, who would try and sell you the idea of using one of the actors listed on their books. Books? Too old-fashioned for you? Then get yourself a copy of this latest electronic database called “The Electronic Curtain”.The brainchild of casting agent Fred Harkney of the Better Talent Agency, he says he got the idea of an actor’s directory from his son playing computer games. Noting that junior had to type in the details of the characters in his favorite game, he realized he could do the same for the actors he represents. Eventually, he came to include information on nearly three quarters of the approximately 34,000 actors registered and looking for work in Britain. With some theatrical agencies boasting that they represent over 500 performers, the need for this product is not hard to fathom. It can be a nightmare trying to remember just which actor has done what, or just what an actor can do. The database lists details of over 5,500 actors: TV shows they have appeared in, special skills they possess --- everything down to the color of their eyes and other distinguishing physical features. By entering the details of the type of person you are looking for, the database quickly locates only those persons with the particular qualities requested.One problem though, is that many actors feel it is too impersonal, and they could be missing out on much needed auditions for parts in theatrical shows. On the other hand, it might just get them that elusive job. The days of nervous nail-biting while waiting around to give an audition could well and truly be over. And all because of a small plastic disk. For product details ring this number now: 0171-379-60000.Summary:An electronic database giving information on nearly (65) ______ the 34,000 actors registered and looking for work in Britain, is now available on CD-ROM. Some (66) ______ have over 500 actors on their books and it is difficult to remember all their details. The database lists information on over 5,500 actors and can be searched for details such as past (67) ______ they have appeared in, special skills they might have, and even the color of their eyes. The database can quickly locate persons with (68) _____ and, although some actors feel it is (69) ______ to be of much use, it is certain to change the way actors are chosen for parts in films,Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 marks) Section A (5 marks) There are 5 blanks in the passage. Use the word given on the right-hand side to form a word that fits in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Section B (10 marks) There are 10 blanks in the passage. For each blank, one or more letters of the word have been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and decide which word best fits each blank, using only one word in each word in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. True relaxation is most certainly not a matter of flopping down in front of the television with a welcome drink. Nor is it about drifting into an exhausted sleep. Useful though these responses to tension and over-tiredness (76) mi_______ be, we should distinguish between them and conscious relaxation in (77) te_____ of quality and effect. Regardless of the level of tiredness, real relaxation is a state of alertness, yet, at the same (78) t______, passive awareness, in which our bodies are (79) a________ rest while our minds are awake. Moreover, it is as natural for a healthy person to be relaxed when moving as resting. (80) Be_____ relaxed in action means we bring the appropriate energy to everything we do, (81) W______ needs to be rediscovered is conscious relaxation. With this in (85) m______ we must apply ourselves to understanding stress and the nature of its causes, however deep-seated.Part V Translation (15 minutes, 15 marks) Section A (8 marks)Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.After my mother passed away, my dad tried even harder to stay healthy and active. Every morning, until the weather turned too cold, he swam in the turquoise pool in the complex where he lived.(86) Each day, no matter how he felt, he swam one more lap than the previous day, just to provethere was always room for improvement. Every few days he reported the new number of laps to me, pride edging his voice.By his late seventies, in spite of swimming and working six days a week, my dad had noticeably dwindled in strength and energy. By age eighty-one he was in poor health and had to retire. (87) He pretended he didn’t need to lean heavily on me for support as we walked slowly, and I pretended not to notice. His mind was clear, but congestive heart problems and disabling arthritis had worn him down. One day he said, “In case of an emergency, I do not wish to be kept alive by any extraordinary means. I’ve signed an official paper to this effect.” He smiled his wonderful, broad grin and said, “I’ve been blessed to have had your mother as my wife and you as my only child, and I’m ready to go.”Less than a month later he had a heart attack. In the emergency room, he again reminded his doctor and me of his wishes, but I couldn’t imagine, in spite of this latest crisis, that he wouldn’t always be saying, “Have I told you yet today that I adore you?”(88) He was miserable in intensive care; tubes seemed to come from every opening. But my dad still had his sense of humor, asking me, “Does this mean we can’t keep our lunch date tomorrow?” His voice faltered.“I’ll be here to pick you up and we’ll go someplace special,” I answered, a lump in my throat.(89) Dad refused to look at me for the first time in his life and turned toward the blank green wall next to his hospital bed. There was a painful silence between us. He said, “I don’t want you to remember me like this. Promise me you won’t, darling! And please go now --- I’m so miserable. Section B (7 marks) Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.90. 她在阳光下只晒了一会儿，脸就开始变红了。

2017年全国大学生英语竞赛D类初赛试题及详解Part ⅠListening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1. What was Chris asked to do?A. Speak to Mr. Hudson.B. Ring Miss Wright this afternoon.C. Photocopy a report.D. Go to Mr. Hudson’s office.【答案】C【解析】录音中男士问到“Has Chris photocopied that report yet?”，女士回答说要让他马上做这件事，由此可知Chris需要做的是影印这份报告。

故选C项。

【录音原文】M: Miss Wright? Did you speak to Mr. Hudson?W: Yes, I did. I asked him to ring later. He says he’ll ring you this afternoon.M: That’s fine. Has Chris photocopied that report yet?W: Not yet, but I told him to do it immediately. I think he’s doing it now.2. Why did the woman often get lost in T okyo?A. The street signs are not easily found.B. She couldn’t speak Japanese.C. She was afraid of asking the way.D. The Japanese are not friendly.【答案】B【解析】录音中男士问女士在东京遇到了什么麻烦时，女士回答说因自己不了解日语以至于看不懂路牌时无法求助，并使用虚拟语气“If I spoke Japanese…”。