2014年自考英语(二)资料( unit 5)

Unit 5 Keeping Your Dreams AliveI. New words and expressions New words1. transcend v. 超出，超越（通常的界限）2. incessantly adv. 不停地；持续不断地3. noisily adv. 喧闹地noisenoisy4. subtly adv. 不易察觉地；不明显地；微妙地5. enormity n. 巨大；深远影响；严重性enormous6. burden n. （义务、责任等的）重担，负担7. belief n. 相信；信心believebelievableunbelievabledisbelief8. unique adj. 唯一的；独一无二的；独特的9. affliction n. 折磨；痛苦10. especially adv. 尤其；特别；格外11. tribe n. 部落12. species n. 种，物种（分类上小于属）13. discipline n. 自制力；遵守纪律14. confront v. 处理，解决（问题或困境）15. evoke v. 引起，唤起（感情、记忆或形象）16. grief n. （尤指因某人去世引起的）悲伤，悲痛，伤心17. guilt n. 内疚；悔恨guiltybe guilty ofbe / feel guilty about18. anxiety n. 焦虑；忧虑anxious19. anguish n. 剧痛；极度痛苦；苦恼20. despair n. 绝望21. uncomfortable adj.（使）焦虑的，尴尬的，害怕的，不自在的22. physical adj. 身体的；肉体的；躯体的23. equal v. 比得上；敌得过24. conflict n. 冲突；争执；争论25. engender v. 产生，引起（某种感觉或情况）26. pose v. 造成（威胁、问题等）；引起；产生27. distinguish v. 区分；辨别；分清28. wisdom n. 智慧；才智；精明29. mentally adv. 精神上；智力上；思想上30. spiritually adv. 精神上；心灵上31. desire v. 渴望；期望32. deliberately adv. 故意；蓄意；存心33. instruct v. 教授；指导34. dread v. 非常害怕；极为担心Phrases and Expressions1. moan about 抱怨2. a series of 系列；连续3. because of 因为4. as well as 除…之外5. cutting edge（处于某事物发展的）尖端，最前沿，领先阶段6. call forth 引起；使产生II. Text LearningLife Is Difficult① Life Is Difficult.② This is a great truth, one of the greatest truths. It is a great truth because once we truly see this truth we transcend it. Once we truly know that life is difficult-once we truly understand and accept it-then life is no longer difficult. Because once it is accepted, thefact that life is difficult no longer matters.（承上句）③ Most people do not fully see this truth that life is difficult.④ Instead they moan more or less incessantly, noisily or subtly, about the enormity of their problems, their burdens, and their difficulties as if life were generally easy, as if life should be easy. (1)They voice their belief, noisily or subtly, that their difficulties represent a unique kind of affliction that should not be and that has somehow been especially visited upon them, or else upon their families, their tribe, their class, their nation, their race or even their species, and not upon others. I know about this moaning because I have done my share.（承上、总结的句子）本部分重点及难点：1. They voice their belief, noisily or subtly, that their difficulties represent a unique kind of affliction that should not be and that has somehow been especially visited upon them, or else upon their families, their tribe, their class, their nation, their race or even their species, and not upon others.visit sth. on / upon sb./sth. （古）inflict（造成，使遭受） punishment on sb./sth. 对某人/某物进行惩罚visit the sins of the parents upon their children相当于make the children suffer for their parent's failings 使子女因父母之过错而受惩罚⑤ Life is a series of problems. Do we want to moan about them or solve them? Do we want to teach our children to solve them?⑥ Discipline is the basic set of tools we require to solve life's problems.（主题句） Withoutdiscipline we can solve nothing. With only some discipline we can solve only some problems. With total discipline we can solve all problems.⑦ What make life difficult is that the process of confronting and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending upon their nature, evoke in us frustration of grief, sadness, loneliness, guilt, regret, anger, fear, anxiety, anguish, despair. These are uncomfortable feelings, often very uncomfortable, often as painful as any kind of physical pain, sometimes equaling the very worst kind of physical pain. (2)Indeed, it is because of the pain that eventsor conflicts engender in us all that we call them problems.（承上启下句） (3)And since life poses an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.本部分重点及难点：2. Indeed, it is because of the pain that events or conflicts engender in us all that we call them problems. 强调句。

去掉it is…that…剩下的部分成立。

3. And since life poses an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.pose an endless series of problemspose threatpose dangerpose for a picture⑧ (4)Yet it is in this whole process of meeting and solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are the cutting edge that distinguishes between success and failure. Problems call forth our courage and our wisdom; indeed, they create our courage and our wisdom. It is only because ofproblems that we grow mentally and spiritually. When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit, we challenge and encourage the human capacity to solve problems, just as in school we deliberately set problems for our children to solve.It is through the pain of confronting and resolving problems that we learn. （承上启下句）As Benjamin Franklin said, "Those things that hurt, instruct." It is for this reason that wise people learn not to dread but actually to welcome problems and actually to welcome the pain of problems.本部分重点及难点：4. (Paragraph 8) Yet it is in this whole process of meeting and solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are the cutting edge that distinguishes between success and failure. Problems call forth our courage and our wisdom; indeed, they create our courage and our wisdom. It is only because of problems that we grow mentally and spiritually.When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit, we challenge and encourage the human capacity to solve problems, just as in school we deliberately set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of confronting and resolving problems that we learn.（承上启下句）As Benjamin Franklin said, "Those things that hurt, instruct." It is for this reason that wise people learn not to dread but actually to welcome problems and actually to welcome the pain of problems.本文出现最多的结构是强调结构。