1[1].模拟试题

江苏省镇江市2019-2020学年中考生物模拟试题（1）一、选择题（本题包括35个小题，每小题2分，共70分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．无土栽培技术是一种新型农业技术，已经广泛应用于粮食、蔬菜和花卉的生产。

使用营养液栽培植物时，需要不断向营养液中通入空气（如图），这样做最主要的目的是（）A．促进蒸腾作用进行B．促进根的呼吸作用C．促进无机盐的吸收D．促进叶的光合作用【答案】B【解析】【分析】无土栽培中用人工配制的培养液，供给植物矿物营养的需要。

无土栽培是一种不用天然土壤而采用含有植物生长发育必需元素的营养液来提供营养，使植物正常完成整个生命周期的栽培技术。

在无土栽培技术中，能否为植物提供一种比例协调，浓度适量的营养液，是栽培成功的关键，无土栽培植物的根泡在营养液中，需要解决呼吸所需要氧气的问题。

【详解】营养液中的植物长期在液体的环境中，根因得不到充足的氧，影响呼吸，从而影响生长，培养过程中要经常给营养液通入空气，其目的是促进植物根部呼吸，B正确。

2．如图是人体结构层次及其关系示意图，下列有关叙述中正确的是（）A．心脏和肺都属于④所示的结构层次B．动物和植物都有⑤所示的结构层次C．①形成②的过程遗传物质发生改变D．③的细胞结构功能及遗传物质不同【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】细胞分裂导致细胞数目的增多，细胞的分化形成不同的组织。

动物体的结构层次是细胞→组织→器官→系统→动物体。

心脏和肺是由神经组织、结缔组织、肌肉组织、上皮组织等不同的组织按照一定的次序构成的器官，故A符合题意；动物体具有系统这一结构层次，植物体没有系统，故B不符合题意；在细胞分裂过程中，染色体先自我复制，然后分成完全相同的两份，分别进入两个新细胞中，因此新细胞和原细胞所含有的遗传物质是一样的，故C不符合题意；组织是细胞分化形成的细胞群，虽然细胞在形态、结构、功能方面不同，但细胞内的遗传物质是一样的，故D不符合题意。

故选B。

高考语文模拟试题（1）一、语言文字运用（共24分，其中选择题每小题3分）1．下列词语中加点的字，注音全都正确的一项是A．腼腆．(diǎn) 羸．(léi) 弱打擂．(lèi) 台饮鸩．（zhèn）止渴B．缄．（jiān）默强．（qiǎnɡ）迫小妮．(nī) 子情不自禁．（jīn）C．谄．(chǎn) 媚笑靥．(yè) 处．(chǔ) 女作奴颜婢．(bēi)膝D．叱咤．(zhà) 闷．（mēn）热跷．(qiāo) 跷板掎．（jī）角之势2．下列各句中，没有错别字的一项是A．房价下跌20%后会不会诱发恐慌性抛售，抛售现象出现后有关方面能否采取措施控制其联锁反应，是银行和企业最为关心的问题。

B．我们不相信正义的银行已经破产，我们不相信，在这个国家巨大的机会之库里已没有足够的储备，因此今天我们要求将支票对现。

C．中国留学生对美国大学的吸引力是显而易见的，他们有良好的教育，游历甚广，既丰富了大学的生源，也给了大学更广阔的视野。

D．皇帝之中“最佳歌词创作者”的贵冠恐怕非李煜莫属了，现今传下来的为数不多的数十篇歌词，可以称得上篇篇佳作，字字珠玑。

3．下列各句中，加点的词语运用错误的一项是A．一些商家先以模糊的广告词来请君入瓮．．．．，然后再用霸王条款限制消费者，让消费者哑巴吃黄连，有苦说不出。

B．铁道部曾经信誓旦旦．．．．地表示，要在11月20日之前把工程款清偿完毕，但时至当前，清欠工作还未落实到位。

C．作客．．他乡这么多年，我才算真正地明白，为什么各种异国的旅游景区都不能像故乡一样使我感到亲切和激动。

D．基于多数人的意见，鉴于．．该会计师事务所糟糕的业务情况和混乱的财务状况，我们同意注销该会计师事务所。

4．下列各句中，没有语病的一项是A．记者日前从相关会议上获悉，明年我国食品安全工作将进一步加大治理整顿力度，严打食品安全违法犯罪活动，坚决防止重大食品安全事件。

全国计算机等级考试一级模拟试题集（一）（1）计算机的特点是处理速度快、计算精度高、存储容量大、可靠性高、工作全自动以及A．造价低廉B．便于大规模生产C．适用范围广、通用性强D．体积小巧【答案】： C【解析】：计算机的主要特点就是处理速度快、计算精度高、存储容量大、可靠性高、工作全自动以及适用范围广、通用性强。

（2）1983年，我国第一台亿次巨型电子计算机诞生了，它的名称是A．东方红B．神威C．曙光D．银河【答案】： D【解析】：1983年底，我国第一台名叫"银河"的亿次巨型电子计算机诞生，标示着我国计算机技术的发展进入一个崭新的阶段。

（3）十进制数215用二进制数表示是A． 1100001B． 11011101C． 0011001D． 11010111【答案】： D【解析】：十进制向二进制的转换采用"除二取余"法。

（4）有一个数是123，它与十六进制数53相等，那么该数值是A．八进制数B．十进制数C．五进制D．二进制数【答案】： A【解析】：解答这类问题，一般是将十六进制数逐一转换成选项中的各个进制数进行对比。

（5）下列4种不同数制表示的数中，数值最大的一个是A．八进制数 227B．十进制数 789C．十六进制数 1FFD．二进制数 1010001【答案】： B【解析】：解答这类问题，一般都是将这些非十进制数转换成十进制数，才能进行统一的对比。

非十进制转换成十进制的方法是按权展开。

（6）某汉字的区位码是5448，它的机内码是A． D6D0HB． E5E0HC． E5D0HD． D5E0H【答案】： A【解析】：国际码=区位码＋2020H，汉字机内码=国际码＋8080H。

首先将区位码转换成国际码，然后将国际码加上8080H，即得机内码。

（7）汉字的字形通常分为哪两类？A．通用型和精密型B．通用型和专用型C．精密型和简易型D．普通型和提高型【答案】： A【解析】：汉字的字形可以分为通用型和精密型两种，其中通用型又可以分成简易型、普通型、提高型3种。

模拟试题1一． 单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）1．在文件系统中，所具有的数据独立性是[ ] A ．系统独立性 B ．物理独立性C ．逻辑独立性D ．设备独立性2．数据库系统中存放三级结构定义的DB 称为[ ]A ．DBSB ．DDC ．DDLD ．DBMS 3．设有关系R(A,B,C)和关系S(B,C,D)，那么与R ⋈S 等价的关系代数表达式[]A ．σ1=5（R ⋈S ）B ．σ1=5（R ×S ）C ．σ1=2（R ⋈S ）D ．σ1=2（R ×S ）4．与域表达式 { ab | (c) (R(ac) ∧ R(cb))} 等价的关系代数表达式是[ ] A ．π1，4（σ2=3（R ×R ））B ．π1，3（R ⋈R ）C ．π1，4（R ⋈R ）D ．π1，3（R ⋈S ）5．设有两个关系R （A ，B ）和S （B ，C ），与下列SELECT 语句SELECT A ，BFROM RWHERE B NOT IN （SELECT BFROM SWHERE C='C56'）；等价的关系代数表达式是[ ] A ．πA ，B （σC ≠'C56'（R ⋈S ））B ．πA ，B （R ⋈ S ）C ．R －πA ，B （σC= 'C56'（R ⋈S ））D ．R －πA ，B （σC ≠'C56'（R ⋈S ）） 6．嵌入式SQL 的预处理方式，是指[ ]A ．识别出SQL 语句，加上前缀标识和结束标志B ．把嵌入的SQL 语句处理成函数调用形式C ．对源程序进行格式化处理D ．把嵌入的SQL 语句编译成目标程序7．设关系模式R （A ，B ，C ，D ），F 是R 上成立的FD 集，F={ B →D ，AD →C }，那么ρ={ ABC ，BCD }相对于F [ ]A ．是无损联接分解，也是保持FD 的分解B ．是无损联接分解，但不保持FD 的分解C ．不是无损联接分解，但保持FD 的分解D ．既不是无损联接分解，也不保持FD 的分解8．设有关系模式R （A ，B ，C ，D ），F 是R 上成立的FD 集，F={A→B ，C→D }，C ≠'C56' 2=12=3则F+中左部为（BC）的函数依赖有[ ] A．2个B．4个C．8个D．16个9．有12个实体类型，并且它们之间存在着15个不同的二元联系，其中4个是1:1联系类型，5个是1:N联系类型，6个M:N联系类型，那么根据转换规则，这个ER结构转换成的关系模式有[ ] A．17个B．18个C．23个D．27个10．DBMS的并发控制子系统，保证了事务__________的实现[ ] A．原子性B．一致性C．隔离性D．持久性11．SQL中不一定能保证完整性约束彻底实现的是[ ] A．主键约束B．外键约束C．局部约束D．检查子句12．ORDB中，同类元素的有序集合，并且允许一个成员可多次出现，称为[ ]A．结构类型B．集合类型C．数组类型D．多集类型13．在ORDB中，当属性值为单值或结构值时，引用方式任和传统的关系模型一样，在层次之间加[ ] A．冒号“：”B．单箭头“→”C．下划线“_”D．圆点“．”14．某一种实际存在的事物具有看来好像不存在的性质，称为[ ]A．不存在性B．虚拟性C．无关性D．透明性15．DDBS中，全局关系与其片段之间的映象是[ ] A．一对一的B．一对多的C．多对一的D．多对多的二．填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）16．关系模型和层次、网状模型最大差别是用___________而不是用___________导航数据。

考研英语模拟试题一及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 ."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty."Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1．[A] Unlike [B] Besides[C] Despite [D] Throughout2．[A] connected [B] restricted[C] equal [D] inferior3．[A] choice [B] view[C] lesson [D] host4．[A] recall [B] forget[C] avoid [D] keep5．[A] collecting [B] involving[C] guiding [D] affecting6．[A] of [B] in[C] at [D] on7．[A] devoted [B] exposed[C] lost [D] attracted8．[A] across [B] along[C] down [D] out9．[A] calculated [B] denied[C] doubted [D] imagined10．[A] served [B] required[C] restored [D] explained11．[A] Even [B] Still[C] Rather [D] Thus12．[A] defeats [B] symptoms[C] tests [D] errors13．[A] minimized [B] highlighted[C] controlled [D] increased14．[A] equipped [B] associated[C] presented [D] compared15．[A] assess [B] moderate[C] generate [D] record16．[A] in the face of [B] in the form of[C] in the way of [D] in the name of17．[A] transfer [B] commit[C] attribute [D] return18．[A] because [B] unless[C] though [D] until19．[A] emerges [B] vanishes[C] remains [D] decreases20．[A] experiences [B] combines[C] justifies [D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real-past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago's O'Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is thatairports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[B] highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.[C] explain Americans' tolerance of current security checks.[D] emphasis the importance of privacy protection.22. which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travelers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word "expedited" (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to[A] faster.[B] quieter.[C] wider.[D] cheaper.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is[A] A dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] Its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] The government's reluctance to back it.[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck LanesText 2"The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers," wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the island's inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMTsite was chosen to minimize the telescope's visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani's remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A] its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C] the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers' feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A] its geographical features[B] its protective surroundings.[C] its religious implications.[D] its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today's astronomy[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians' hostility.30.The author's attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance.[C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile." With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges , there are a number of consistent themes . Yes , there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash , but in key indicators in areas such as health and education , major economies have continued to decline . Yet this isn't the case with all countries . Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society , income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn : When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different .So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations , as a measure , it is no longer enough . It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes - all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth . But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress .31.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness .[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP .[D]had a low opinion of GDP .32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .[B]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .[C]the UK will contribute less to the world economy .[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP .33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?[A]It is sponsored by 163 countries .[B]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[C]Its criteria are questionable .[D]Its results are enlightening .34.In the last two paragraphs , the author suggests that[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom .[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline .[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP .[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues .35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being , a UK Lesson[B]GDP Figures, a Window on Global Economic Health[C]Rebort F.Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit, the UK's Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court's decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell's trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his "official acts," or the former governor's decisions on "specific" and "unsettled" issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is "distasteful" and "nasty." But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an "official act".The court's ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery." The basic compact underlying representative government," wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court," assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns."But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader's source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society-that all are equal in treatment by government-is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court's ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell's duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell's conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell's ethics.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A] leaking secrets intentionally.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] concrete returns for gift-givers.[D] breaking contracts officially.38. The court's ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are[A] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.40. The author's attitude toward the court's ruling is[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportivePart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered box. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches ,which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office -a respectable position, but wish little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, e traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dichens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.D →41. →42. →43. →44. →B →45.【答案】41. [F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth42. [E] Soon after his father's release from prison43. [A]The first published sketch44. [C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared45. [G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker worldPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.【答案】(46) 但是即使当下英语使用者的人群还在进一步扩大，有迹象表明：在可预见的未来，英语可能会逐渐失去其全球主导地位。

《老年护理学》模拟试题（一）B. 听人说话,喜慢怕快，喜安静怕嘈杂C. 常有听觉重振现象D. 言语理解不连贯，常常打岔E. 常伴有高频性耳鸣，开始为间歇性，逐渐发展成持续性10. 与血中胆固醇水平提高相关的内分泌腺体退行性改变是（）A. 垂体前叶B. 甲状腺C. 胰岛D. 卵巢E. 睾丸11. 在卧床老人身体空隙处垫软枕的目的是（）A. 减少皮肤受到摩擦刺激B. 固定体位,舒适安全C. 降低局部组织所承受的压力D. 架空受压部位E. 避免剪切力12. 老年人每天蛋白质的摄入量应达到（）A. 0.8gB. 1.0gC. 1.2gD. 1.5gE. 1.8g13. 体重指数BMI在（）为轻度消瘦A 21-23B 18.5-20.9 C. 17-18.4 D. 16-16.9 E.<1614. 有助于润畅通便的食品不包括（）A. 浓茶B. 核桃C. 西瓜D. 芝麻E. 香蕉15. 杨某，男性，62岁，其运动后的最佳心率是（）A 108次/分B 120次/分C 130次/分D 140次/分E 90次/分16. 下列哪项不符合老年人骨折的特点（）A. 多次、多处骨折B. 易发生畸形愈合C. 骨折愈合季功能恢复较慢D. 骨折的发生几率低E. 骨折后并发症多17. 关于老年人跌倒下列不正确的是（）A. 多数发生在室内B. 是老年人死亡的常见原因C. 是老年人最常见的问题之一D. 可通过减少运动预防E. 易出现重复跌倒的恶性循环18. 老年人骨关节炎临床表现描述中哪项不正确（）A.病人易发生骨折B.主要症状是关节疼痛C. 活动过多疼痛加重D.部分病人休息时也疼痛E.早期疼痛轻,随病情发展而加重19. 为提高老人服药依从性，下列那项措施不妥（）A. 帮助老人树立正确的健康观B. 尽量减少老人用药的种类和次数C. 对老人及其照顾者说明正确用药的方法D. 药物名称、用法和用量用醒目大字标出E. 为减少老人用药次数而加大用药剂量20. 离退休综合症属于（）A. 适应性障碍 B 文化休克 C.压力源 D.自理缺陷 E.病理改变（二）多项选择题（请从每小题的五个备选答案中选出二至五个你认为正确的答案，并将答案的代码填在题干的括号里，多选、少选、错选均无分，每题2分，共10分）1. 养老机构老年人特殊的心理需求包括（）A.苦闷与自卑B.渴望亲情C.好胜心强D.自尊心强E.同情心增加2. 采集老年人健康史时常遇到的问题有（）A.记忆不确切B.反应迟钝C.表述不清楚D.容易发怒E.隐瞒症状3. 老年人日常安全要注意（）A. 尽量避免老人外出B. 日常生活小事，不让老人自己动手C. 让老人了解引起意外伤害的危险因素D. 淋浴时要严格掌握温度，以免烫伤E. 外出注意避开人多拥挤的高峰时间4. 老年人运动应遵循的原则是（）A. 锻炼过程加强心率监测B. 运动强度要循序渐进C. 坚持运动的经常性、系统性D. 冬季下雪或大风天气也要坚持到户外活动E. 不做突击性的紧张运动5. 高度提示老人受虐的症状和体征有（）A. 老人存在不能用疾病原因解释的脱水B.老人身上散发着尿粪、汗臭味C. 老人身上有拳击、掌击伤痕D.受访时，老人表现出战栗、畏缩、逃避E. 老人存在外伤性秃二、判断题（请判断对错，在括号内分别用√或×表示正确或错误。

国才考试模拟试题1第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will the woman do this weekend?A. Visit her friendB. Take a tripC. Stay at home2. What does the man think of the movie?A. BoringB. ExcitingC. Touching3. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a classroomB. In a shopC. In a library4. What time is it now?A. 5:20B. 5:30C. 5:405. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The woman is new to the jobB. The man will give a presentationC. The woman is happy with her new job第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答6至7题。

6. Where does the man come from?A. AustraliaB. CanadaC. England7. What’s the relationship between the speakers?A. University classmatesB. WorkmatesC. Neighbors听第7段材料，回答8至9题。

初中二年级考试生物、地理模拟题姓名考试证号1.本卷满分为80分，考试时间为90分钟。

本卷包括选择题（第1至10题为生物试题，第11至20为地理试题，每题2分，共40分）、综合题（第21至24题为地理试题，20分；低5至28题为生物试题，20分，共40分）。

2.答题前，请将自己的姓名、考试号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写在本试卷和答题卡上。

3.考试答题全部答在答题卡上，答在试卷上无效。

考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。

一．选择题：本题含20小题，每小题只有一个．．．．选项是最符合题目要求的。

1．右图是植物根尖模式图，有关叙述正确的是A.①是吸收水分和无机盐的主要部位B.②处的细胞具有较强的分裂能力C.③处的细胞没有细胞壁D.④具有保护作用，主要由导管细胞构成2．下列有关神经系统结构和功能的说法正确的是A．在脑和脊髓里构成白质的是神经元细胞体B．“望梅止渴”是非条件反射C．人体视觉的形成在视网膜上 D．神经系统结构和功能的基本单位是神经元3．下列有关鸟卵结构和功能的说法错误的是A．胚盘是胚胎发育的部位，由受精卵分裂形成 B．气室内的空气主要起保护作用C．卵黄和卵白能为鸟卵的发育提供营养 D．卵系带主要起固定卵黄的作用4.呼吸是生命的标志，有关呼吸的说法错误的是A．温室大棚内夜间适当降温，能减弱植物体的呼吸作用 B.土壤板结不利于植物根部的呼吸作用C．植物体到晚上才能进行呼吸作用 D.呼吸作用是在活细胞内进行的5．右图为某生物体细胞中基因位于染色体上的示意图，有关该图解的叙述正确的是A．染色体上的A、B分别表示两个显性性状B．如果B来自父方，则b来自母方C．该个体既可表现B的性状，也可表现b的性状D．基因a和b控制的性状不能在后代中表现6.下列对传染病和免疫的叙述正确的是A．患病毒性肝炎的人属于易感人群 B．儿童接种牛痘预防天花是控制传染源C．甲状腺是人体重要的免疫器官 D．有抗体参与的免疫属于特异性免疫7.消化道中参与消化淀粉的消化液是A.唾液、胰液和肠液B.胆汁、肠液和胰液C.胃液、胆汁和胰液D.唾液、胃液和肠液8.右图为探究阳光与有机物关系实验的某一装置，该装置在本实验中的作用是 A.分解叶片中的有机物 B.把叶片煮熟C.褪去叶片中的绿色D.除去叶片中的淀粉9.某同学利用徒手切片的方法制作蚕豆叶临时玻片标本并用显微镜观察其结构， 其操作过程中错误的做法是A ．把新鲜叶片切成小的长方形夹在马铃薯小块的切缝中B ．左手捏紧马铃薯小块，右手拿沾水刀片向自己身体方向水平斜向拉切C ．用毛笔将切下的薄片刷在盛有清水的培养皿中D ．在载玻片中央滴一滴清水，用毛笔挑一较薄的材料放在水滴中即用显微镜进行观察 10.右图是某人在1个标准大气压下的一次平静呼吸中，肺内气压的变化曲线。

全真模拟试题(一)一、单项选择量(20分．每题1分)1．清代纪晓岚认为医学不同的学术见解开始于 ( )A．春秋战国 B．秦汉时期 C．晋唐时期 D．金元时期2．《中国医学源流论)的作者是 ( )A．纪晓岚 B．谢观 C．徐大椿 D．任应秋3．(中医各家学说)五版全国教材提出学术流派产生于 ( )A．春秋战国以前 B．汉代以前 C．汉唐以前 D．金元以前4．研究中医与西医结合的医学流派是 ( )A．河间学派 B．伤寒学派 C．温病学派 D．汇通学派5．伤寒学派已初具规模的时期是 ( )A．晋唐 B．宋金 C。

金元 D．晋唐至两宋6．河间学派主要阐发何种病机 ( )A．火热 B．脏腑 C．六经 D．外感7．被誉为补土学派代表、易水学派中坚的医家是 ( )A．刘完素 B。

张从正 C．李杲 D．朱丹溪8．温病学派形成于 ( )A．明清 B．汉代 C．晋唐 D．宋元9．陈自明首创的治疗痈疽原则是 ( )A．清热解毒 B。

活血化瘀 C．扶邪祛邪 D。

内外合一lO．刘完素制地黄饮子，主要是治疗 ( )A．消渴 B．喑痱 C。

热毒 D。

燥证11．张从正认为影响人体血气流通的根本原因是 ( )A．气滞 B．血瘀 C．邪气 D．血虚12．李呆脾胃学说主要是阐述 ( )A．内伤阳虚证 B．内伤热中证 C．内伤阴虚证 D．内伤寒中证13．龚廷贤调理脾胃的大法是 ( )A．健脾养胃 B．养心健脾疏肝 C．疏肝理气和胃 D．健脾养心14．陈实功认为，外科病的治疗要重视 ( )A．疏肝气 B．补肾阴 C．养脾胃 D．泻心火15．被赵献可称为人身之至宝的是 ( )A。

命门 B．命门之火 C．命门之水 D．肾中之水16．吴有性认为疫邪侵人人体后盘踞的部位是 ( )A．脏腑 B．经络 C．募原 D．膈上17．程钟龄认为古人制方必有开合，如补中益气汤用参芪，必佐以 ( )A．当归 B．升麻 C．陈皮 D．柴胡18．叶桂提出肝阳化风的病机为 ( )A．身中阳气变动 B．身中阴气变动 C．身中的气分变动 D．身中的血分变动Ⅱ9。