英国教育British Education

Education System
• • • • •
Period: Kindergarten/ nursery school ‘infants’ school ‘junior’ school Secondary School University Age?
General Introduction
• Primary schools
Famous People from Oxford
• People who gain the Nobel Price: 36 King: 5 Prime Minister: 25
Roger Bacon Sir Thomas More Adam Smith Qian Zhongshu Margaret Hilda Thatcher
• Secondary schools
• Other schools
Selective System
• A system for secondary schooling in Britain, under which children take an examination, the “11 plus”, in their last year of primary education. • The results of the examination determine the kind of secondary schooling each child will receive. • Those with the highest marks go to grammar schools; others may go to technical schools, and the rest – by far majority – go to secondary modern schools.
Other Schools
• County schools: state-run secondary schools, most of which are administered by the county or county borough. About half of the money comes from the local authority and the other half from the central government. • Voluntary schools: also called mission schools in other countries, secondary schools in Britain that are mostly Church of England or Roman Catholic in origin, and partly maintained and controlled by the local authority. They give a certain amount of denominational religious instruction. Education is free in such schools.
Oxford and Cambridge
• What are the two features of Oxford and Cambridge that are widely admired?
Oxford and Cambridge
• College system: whereby all students live in college during at least part of their course, which fosters a community spirit in which a useful mingling of intelligence can take place. Such colleges include tutors as well as students, and are largely selfgoverning. • Tutorial system: whereby each student gets personal tutoring once a week in his tutor’s own room. It, together with a weekly program of private study, has been considered very important at Oxford and Cambridge.
Oxford
• Oxford is the oldest university in the Englishspeaking world and lays claim to nine centuries of continuous existence. As an internationally renowned centre for teaching and research, Oxford attracts students and scholars from across the globe, with almost a quarter of students from overseas. More than 130 nationalities are represented among a student population of over 18,000.
Independent Schools
• Public schools: secondary private boarding schools that prepare students chiefly for universities. They laid the foundations of English education, but now are generally restricted to a comparatively small section of the population, mainly the rich and conservative in politics. Eton, Harrow and Rugby are the 3 most famous public schools. • Prep schools: small private boarding schools for children up to 7 or 8 years old, which help to prepare the children for the “common entrance” examination at the age of 13 for admission to a public school, and where Latin, French and mathematics are all started early.
The Universities
• Oxford and Cambridge [12th and 13th centuries] • 4 Scottish universities [15th and 16th centuries] • St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Edinburgh • 3 other universities containing colleges [19th century] • Durham, London, Wales • 19th- and 20th-century universities starting from colleges • Post-war universities, or university colleges, teaching a more balanced mixture of subjects • Universities of technology, promoted during the 1960s • The Open University
Educ us what we are.
--- Helvetius (French philosopher)
Education begins a gentleman; conversation completes him.
--- English proverb
• Very quietly I take my leave As quietly as I came here; Quietly I wave good-bye To the rosy clouds in the western sky. • The golden willows by the riverside Are young brides in the setting sun; Their reflections on the shimmering waves Always linger in the depth of my heart. • The floating heart growing in the sludge Sways leisurely under the water; In the gentle waves of Cambridge I would be a water plant! • That pool under the shade of elm trees Holds not water but the rainbow from the sky; Shattered to pieces among the duckweeds Is the sediment of a rainbow-like dream?
Cambridge
轻轻的我走了， 正如我轻轻的来； 我轻轻的招手， 作别西天的云彩。 那河畔的金柳 是夕阳中的新娘 波光里的艳影， 在我的心头荡漾。 软泥上的青荇， 油油的在水底招 摇； 在康河的柔波里， 我甘心做一条水草
那榆荫下的一潭， 不是清泉，是天上虹 揉碎在浮藻间， 沉淀着彩虹似的梦。 寻梦？撑一支长篙， 向青草更青处漫溯， 满载一船星辉， 在星辉斑斓里放歌 但我不能放歌， 悄悄是别离的笙箫； 夏虫也为我沉默， 沉默是今晚的康桥！ 悄悄的我走了， 正如我悄悄的来； 我挥一挥衣袖， 不带走一片云彩。