自考英语词汇学试题及答案

英语词汇学自考题-7(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Ⅰ.{{/B}}(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a ______ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.∙ A. small∙ B. meaningful∙ C. vocal∙ D. large（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] 谈论词时，我们往往从词的视觉角度来定义。

从这个意义上讲，词可以定义为书写或印刷在纸上、横排的一组有意义的字母。

答案为B。

2.In spite of the differences, at least ______ percent of the English words fit consistent spelling patterns.∙ A. sixty∙ B. seventy∙ C. eighty∙ D. ninety（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] In spite of the differences, at least eighty percent of the English words fit consistent spelling patterns. 书面形式与口语形式虽然有差异，但80%以上的拼写在书面语和口语中还是统一的。

答案为C。

3.______ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question.∙ A. Argots∙ B. Slangs∙ C. Jargons∙ D. Dialectal words（分数：1.00）A.C.D. √解析：[解析] Dialectal words are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. 方言词限于讲方言的人所使用。

全国202X年10月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学真题课程代码：00832本卷子总分值100分，考试时间150分钟.考生答题考前须知：1.本卷全部真题必须在答题卡上作答。

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第—局部选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%)1.Of all the characteristics listed for the basic word stock the most important is____.A.all national characterB. collocabilityC. stabilityD. productivity2.Which of the following words is NOT one of the aliensA.Kowtow.B.Bazaar.C.Mother tongue.D.Status quo.3.Which of the following statements is NOT trueA.A word is the smallest form of a language.B.A word is a sound unity.C.A word has a given meaning.D.A word can be used freely in a sentence.4.The language used between 1150 and____is called Middle English.A. 1250B.1500C.1850D.17005.The five Romance languages, namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Roumanian all belong to the Italic through an intermediate language called ____.A. LatinB.GreekC.RussianD.Spanish6. Which of the following words does NOT belong to the words of French originA. Skirt.B.State.C.Roast.D.Crime.7.Which of the following words does NOT have a suffixA.Northward.B. Snowy.C. Happy.D. Worker.8.Derivational affixes are affixes added to other morphemes to create new words. Which of the following words does NOT have a derivational affixA. Reread.B. Prewar.C. Postwar.D. Postcard.9.How many free morphemic words are there in the following words: wind, man, reddish, collectionA. 1B.2C.3D.410.Which of the following words contains a number prefixA. Amoral.B. Disunite.C.Antiwar.D. Bicycle.11.Which of the following words is an example of blendingA. Smog.B. Sandwich.C.Quake.D. NATO.12.The verbal phrase “fall down〞can be turned into a noun compound as____.A. falling downB. downfallC.fall-downD. fallen-down13.The following words are onomatopoetically motivated words EXCEPT ____.A. bangB. miniskirtC.quackD. hiss14.The word “mother〞is often associated with “love〞，“care〞，“tenderness〞，“forgiving〞，etc. In this sense, the word “mother〞conveys____.A. connotative meaningB. stylistic meaningC. affective meaningD. collocative meaning15.Which of the following statements is trueA.Collocation cannot affect the meaning of words.B.Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.C.Affective meaning indicates the listenerattitude towards the person or thing in question.D.Grammatical meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs and stylistic features of words.16.Words are____symbols and independent identities so far as their outer facet — spelling and pronunciation, is concerned.A. arbitraryB. clearC.traditionalD.cultural17.When a word was created, it was endowed with only one meaning, which is called the primary meaning. Which of the following is the primary m eaning of the word “face〞？A. A surface of a thing.B. The topography (of an area).C. The front of the head.D. Outward aspect.18.“Comprehend〞and “understand〞are synonyms, but “understand〞is used in a much more extended sense than “comprehend〞. The above example shows there is difference in ____between near-synonyms.A. denotationB. connotationC.applicationD. implication19.Word-meaning changes by the following modes EXCEPT____.A. narrowingB. broadeningC.transferD. elevation20.The word “journ al〞originally meant mere “daily paper〞，but now has come to include any “periodical〞. The above example reflects one type of changes in word meaning,that is，____.A. extensionB.narrowingC.degradationD. elevation21.Which of the following is one of the linguistic factors that cause the change of meaningA. Social classes.B. Scientific discovery.C. Psychological motives.D. Analogy.22.The meaning of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs. This is what we call____context.A. lexicalB.grammaticalC.structuralD. non-linguistic23.Ambiguity often arises due to____，as is shown in the sentence “He is a hard businessman"，in which “hard〞can mean both “hardworking〞and “difficult〞.A. polysemyB.homonymyC.synonymyD. antonymy24.The context clue used in “It’s just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors — those tiny parts ofa computer commonly known as ‘silicon chip’〞is____.A. definitionB.explanationC. exampleD. relevant details25.Which of the following is NOT one type of figures of speechA. Addition.B.Personification.C. Euphemism,D. Metaphor.26.Which of the following rhetorical features can be seen in the idiom “bag and baggage〞？A. Rhyme.B. Alliteration.C. Juxtaposition.D. Synecdoche.27.The change in the idiom “take short views〞from the origin al form “take long views〞is____.A. dismemberingB.position-shiftingC. replacementD. shortening28.Which of the following is NOT one of the three good general dictionariesA.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English.B.Webster's Third New International Dictionary.C.A Chinese-English Dictionary.D.Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary,29.Readers will usually find the following areas of information of a word in a general dictionary EXCEPT____.A. difference with its synonymsB. definitionC. pronunciationD. usage30.American dictionaries generally use____ to mark the pronunciation.A. British Phonetic AlphabetB. American Phonetic AlphabetC. International Phonetic AlphabetD. Webster’s Phoneti c Alphabet非选择题局部考前须知：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在真题卷上。

英语词汇学自考题-5(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ.(总题数：15，分数：30.00)1.If we classify English words by use frequency, the two types of words are ______.A. the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabularyB. content words and functional wordsC. native words and borrowed wordsD. functional words and notional words（分数：2.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：英语词汇可以按照不同的标准分成不同的类型。

按照使用频率，英语词汇可以分成两大类：基本词汇和非基本词汇，即basic word stock和nonbasic word stock。

2.Which of the following prefixes can NOT be used to indicate time and order?A. Ex-.B. Fore-.C. Post-.D. Para-.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：表示时间顺序的前缀主要有：ex-，fore-，post-，pre-，re-等。

“para-”的意思是“超越……”，是表示程度和大小意义的前缀。

3.Inflectional affixes are those affixes that are attached to the end of words to indicate ______.A. lexical relationshipsB. grammatical relationshipsC. functional relationshipsD. syntax structure（分数：2.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：词缀按照其功能可以分成两类：屈折词缀和派生词缀。

高等教育自学考试英语词汇学卷子+答案(课程代码 0832)第一局部选择题I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternativeanswers.Choose the one that would best complete thestatement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1. There are two approaches to the study of polysemy.Theyare______.A.primary and secondaryB.central and peripheralC.diachronic and synchronicD.formal and functional ]2. Which of the following is NOT a stylistic feature of idiomsA.ColloquialB.SlangC.NegativeD.Literary ]3. Synonyms can be classified into two major groups，that is:_____.A.absolute and relativeB.absolute and completeC.relative and near D plete and identical ]4. In the early period of Middle English，English，____existed side by side，A.Celtic and DanishB.Danish and Frenchtin and CelticD.French and Latin ]5. Amonomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single_______morpheme.A.formalB.concreteC.freeD.bound ]6. Whch of the following groups of words is NOT onomatopoeically motivated A，croak，drum B.squeak，bleatC.buzz，neighD.bang，trumpet ]7.LDCE is distinctive for its____.A.Clear grammar codesage notesnguage notesD.all of the above ]8. From the historical point of view,English is more closely related toA.GermanB.FrenchC.ScotttishD.Irish ]9. Which of the following is NOT an acronymA.TOEFLB.ODYSSEYC.BASICTV ]10. In the course book，the author lists____types of context clues for inferring wordmeaning.A.eightB.sixC.sevenD.five ]11.Sources of homonyms include____.A.changes in sound and spellingB.borrowingC.shorteningD.all of the above ]12.The written form of English is a(an)________representation of the spoken form.A.selectiveB.adequateC.imperfectD.natural ]13.Structurally a____is the smallest meaningful unit of a language.A.molphemeB.stemC.word D pound ]14.Unlike affixes，____are often free morphemes.A.sufrixesB.prefixesC.inflectional morphemesD.roots ]15.The four major foreign contributors to the English vocabulary in earlier times were French.Latin，____.A.Scandinavian and ItalianB.Greek and ScandinavianC.Celtic and GreekD.Italian and Spanish ]第二局部非选择题Ⅱ plete the rollowing staternents with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16.The name given to the widening of meaning which some words undergo is____.17.Longman lexicon of Contemporary English is a____dictionary.18.When a new word appears for the first time，the author usually manages to give hints or____in the context to help the readers.19.Radiation and____are the two coinages which the development of wordmeaning follows from monosemy to polysemy.20.Middle English refers to the language spoken from 1150 to____.Ⅲ.Match the words or explessions in Column A with those in Column B according to1)word Origin，2)word formation and3)types of Synonyms or antonyms.A B( )21.skill A.back-formation( )22.babysit B.blendlng( )23.telequiz C.French origin( )24 position/compounding D.SCandinavianorigin( )ernment E.clipping( )26.same/different F. relative synonyms( )27.gent G. Germanic( )28.English H.absolute synonyms( )29.change/alter I. contradictory terms( )30.big/small J.contrary termsIV.Smdy the following words or expressions and identify1)types of bound morphemes underlined,2) types of meanings,3)processes of meaning development，and4)forlnation of eompounds.31.neck→primary meaning:that part of man joining the head tO the body;a secondary meaning:the narrowest part of anything.( )32.contradict ( )33.mother:love，care ( )34.upcoming ( )35.window shopping ( )36.radlos ( )37.property developer ( )38.Candidate→earlier meaning:white-robed;later meaning:a person proposed for a place，award etc.( )overcoat39.handsomo-tyoewhter ( )man40.northward ( )V. Define the following terms.41.encyclopendia42.borrcwed43.blending44.extension45.phrasal verbVI. Answer the following questing questions. Your answers should be Clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.46.what is the difference prefixation and suffixation Explain with two examples.47.what is extra-linguistic context48.what is polysemy Illustrate your points.VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.49. Study the following sentence and try to guess the meaning of the word in italics. Thenwhat contextual help you to work out the meaning.Carnivores are very dangerous. Not long ago, a tiger escaped from the zoo and killed a dog inThe street and ate it.50.Connotative meaning is not stable. Comment on this statement with one example. 英语词汇学答案(课程代码0832)I.Each Of the smtements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one thatwould best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.1.C2.C3.A4.D5.C6.A7.D8.A9.B 10.A11.D 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.BII Complete the following statements with proper words Or expressions according to thecourse book.16.extension 或generalization 17.specialized18.clues 19.concatenation 20.1500III.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according tO 1)word origin，2)word formation，and 3)types of synonyms or antonyms.21.D 22.A23.B 24.H25.C 26.I27.E 28.G29.F 30.JIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1)types of bound morphemes underlined，2)types of meanings，3)processes of meaning development，and 4)formation of compounds.31.radiation 32.bound root33.connotative meaning 34.adv+v-ing35.n+v-ing 36.inflectional affix/inflectional morpheme37.n+v-er 3.concatenation39.collocative meaning 40.suffix/derivational affixV.Definethefollowingterms.41.An encyclopedia provides encyclopedic information concerning each headword;it is not concerned with the language per se.42.Borrowed words,also，known，as loan words，are words taken over from foreign languages.43.It refers to the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word with a part of another word.44.Extension is a process by which a word which originally had a specialized meaning has now become generalized.45.idiom composed of a verb plus a preposition and/or a particle.VI.Answer the following questions.Your answers should be clear and short.Write youranswers in the space given below.46.Prefixation does not generally change the word-class of the stem;it only modifies its meaning.eat--maltreatemployer47.(1)Known as non-linguistic context or context of situation.(2)componentsa.participants(addresser and addressee)writer and readerspeaker and listener/hearerb.time and placec.cultural background48.要点:1)a common feature peculiar to all natural languages.2)have more than one sense.3)The problem of polesemy Can be dealt with from two angles:diachronic approach and synchronic approach.VII.Analyze and comment on the following.Write your answers in the space given below.49(1)tiger is a hyponym，of carnivore(2)carnivore is a superordinate of tiger(3)tiger feeds on meat as known by all(4)carnivore may feed on meat(5)therefore，a carnivore is a meat-eating animal50.(1)connotative meaning，known as connotation，refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptual meaning.(2)connotative meanings are not given in the dictionary.but associated with the word in actual context to particular readers or speakers.Thus they are unstable.varying considerablyaccording to culture，historical period and the experience of the individual.(3)For example，home may remind one child of warmth，safety or love，while to another child who isoften scolded or beaten at home,it may mean indifference，hatred，or even hell.。

历年全国自考英语词汇学试题及参考答案历年全国自考英语词汇学试题及参考答案4月全国自学考试--英语词汇学试卷及答案第一部分选择题Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1.In Old English there was _______ agreement between sound form.（）A. moreB. littleC. lessD. gradual2.Both LDCE and CCELD are _______.（）A. general dictionariesB. monolingual dictionariesC. both A and BD. neither A and B3.The word "MINISKIRT" is _______.（）A. morphologically motivatedB. etymologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. none of the above4.The most important way of vocabulary development in present-day English is _______.（）A. borrowingB. semantic changeC. creation of new wordsD. all the above5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become ________.（）A. generalizedB. expandedC. elevatedD. degraded6.Some morphemes have _______ as they are realized by more than one morph according to their position in word.（）A. alternative morphsB. single morphsC. abstract unitsD. discrete units7.Old English vocabulary was essentially_______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.（）A. ItalicB. GermanicC. CelticD. Hellenic/doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763 2301274c9.html pounds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _______.（）A. semanticsB. grammarC. phoneticsD. lexicology9.If two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called _______.（）A. repetitionB. alliterationC. rhymeD. none of the above10.Which of the following words is a functional word?（）A. OftenB. NeverC. AlthoughD. Desk11.Rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _______.（）A. semantic unityB. structural stabilityC. idiomatic variationD. figure of speech12.The advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _______.（）A. use idioms correctly and appropriatelyB. understand idioms correctlyC. remember idioms quicklyD. try a new method of classification13.Borrowing as a source of homonymy in English can be illustrated by _______.（）A. long（not short）B. ball（a dancing party）C. rock（rock'n'roll）D. ad（advertisement）14.The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT _______.（）A. the influx of borrowingB. repetitionC. analogyD. shortening15.Which of the following is NOT a component of linguistic context?（）A. Words and phrases.B. SentencesC. Text or passageD. Time and place第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）16.Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and ___________________.17.The language used in England between 450 and 1150is called _________________./doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763 2301274c9.html ELD is a ________________ dictionary.19.In the phrase "the mouth of the river",the word "mouth" is _________________ motivated.20.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is ________________ context. Ⅲ.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to1)types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context.（10%）A B21.Scandinavian（）/doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763230 1274c9.html l（place where things are made）22.Germanic（）B.grammatical23.extension（）C.double meaning24.narrowing（）D.Swedish25.linguistic（）/doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763230 1274c9.html prehend/understand26.ambiguity（）F.Dutch27.participants（）G.degermined28.difference in denotation（）H.pigheaded29.appreciative（）I.non-linguistic30.pejorative（）J.iron（a device for smoothing clothes）Ⅳ.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2）types of word formation or prefixes.（10%）31.predict（）32.motel（）33.potatoes（）34.blueprint（）35.preliminaries（）36.Southward（）37.demilitarize（）38.hypersensityve（）39.retell（）40.multi-purposes（）Ⅴ.Define the following terms.（10%）41.acronymy42.native words43.elevation44.stylistic meaning45.monolingral dictionaryⅥ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should the clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（12%）46.How many types of motivation are there in English? Give ONE example for each type.47.What are the major sources of English synonyms? Illustrate your points.48.What are the clues generally provided in verbal context?Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18%）49.analyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.Recollection, nationalist, unearthly 50.Pick out the idioms in the following extract and explain its origin and the effect of using this form."Well, it's the old story of the stitch in time," he said.答案4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题参考答案Ⅰ.(30%)1.A2.C3.A4.C5.A6.A7.B8.D9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.DⅡ.(10%)16.transfer17.OLD English18.monolingual19.semantically20.extralinguistic/non-linguisticⅢ.(10%)21.D22.F23.A24.J25.B26.C27.I28.E29.G30.HⅣ.(10%)31.bound root32.（head+tail）blinding33.inflectional affix/morpheme34.a+n35.full conversion36.suffix37.reversativ38.prefix of degree39.prefix40.number prefixⅤ.(10%)41.The process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms.42.Native words, also known as Anglo-Saxon words, are words brought to Britian in the 5thcentury by the Germanic tribes.43.The process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance. 44.The distinctive stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.45.A dictionary written in one language, or a dictionary in which entries are defined in the same language.Ⅵ.(12%)46.There are four types of motivation:1）Onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.2）Morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.3）Semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.4）Etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.47.Key points:borrowing; dialects and regional English; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidence with idiomatic expressions.48.Key points:definition; explanation; example; synonymy; antonymy; hyponymy; relevant details and word structure.Ⅶ.(18%)49.1）Each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection （re+collect+ion）,nationalist （nation+al+ist）,unearthly（un+earth+ly）. 2）Of the nine morphemes, only "collect","nation" and "earth" are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.3）All the rest re-,-ion,-al,-ist,un- and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.50.1）the stitch in time ----- a stitch in time saves nine（3分）2）proverbs are concise, forcible and thought-provoking（1分）3）using an old saying is more persuasive（2分）4）the short form saves time, more colloquial（2分）5）indicates intimacy or close relationship（1分）4月份全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题及答案英语（本科）专业第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％）1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example[ ]A. lewd → ignorantB. silly → foolishC. last → pleasureD. knave → boy2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: [ ]A. humourB. sarcasmC. ridiculeD. all the above3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. [ ]A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationB. extension, generalization, elevation and degradationC. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradationD. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. [ ]A. synecdocheB. metonymyC. substitutionD. metaphor5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. [ ]A. adjectivesB. attributesC. modifiersD. words6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in whicha word is used. [ ]A. vocabularyB. grammarC. semantic patternD. syntactic structure7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning.This change of constituent is known as _____ . [ ]A. additionB. replacementC. position-shiftingD. variation8. The word "laconic" is _____. [ ]A. onomatopoeically motivatedB. morphologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____. [ ]A. clear grammar codesB. language notesC. usage notesD. extra columns10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping? [ ]A. DormB. motelC. GentD. Zoo11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _____ words. [ ]A. 30,000 to 40,000B. 50,000 to 60,000C. 70,000 to 80,000D. 80,000 to 90,00012. _____ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words. [ ]A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _____ in the Middle English period. [ ]A. Dutch originB. Danish originC. Latin originD. Greek origin14. A word is a symbol that _____ . [ ]A. is used by the same speech communityB. represents something else in the worldC. is both simple and complex in natureD.shows different ideas in different sounds15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _____. [ ]A. are complex words.B. are technical wordsC. refer to the commonest things in life.D. denote the most important concepts.第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book（10％）16. The same idiom may show _____ differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning.17. LDCE is a _____ dictionary.18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _____.19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _____.20. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _____.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types ofmeaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms （10％）A B21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/。

英语词汇学⾃考题1英语词汇学⾃考题-1(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)⼀、Ⅰ.(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.A tricycle has ______ wheels.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：词缀“tr-”是表⽰数字的前缀，它表⽰的意思是“三……”。

例如，a triangle指的是三⾓形。

2.The idiom Jack of all trades results from ______.A. additionB. position-shiftingC. dismemberingD. shortening（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：缩短法(shortening)偶尔出现在部分格⾔或者谚语中，这些格⾔或谚语以⼀部分指代整个句⼦所代表的含义。

习语“jack of all trades”的完整形式是“jack of all trades and master of none”。

3.Degradation of meaning is the opposite of ______.A. semantic transferB. semantic pejorationC. semantic elevationD. semantic narrowing（分数：1.00）D.解析：4.______ is unstable, varying considerably according to culture, historical period, and the experience of individuals.A. Stylistic meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Collocative meaningD. Affective meaning（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：内涵意义(connotative meaning)指的是词的语法意义所包含的暗⽰意思和相关联想。

全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（）A．meaning B．SoundC．combination of sounds D．Group2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（）A．more slowly than B．As quickly asC．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notionC．origin D．sound4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（）A．green revolution B．fast foodC．moon walk D．space shuttle5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need.（）A．form B．meaningC．look D．pronunciation6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（）A．four B．fellC．for D．autumn7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______.（）A．/t/ B．/g/C．/p/ D．/k/英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页8．There are ______ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（）A．one B．twoC．three D．four9．The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.（）A．works B．prewarC．postwar D．bloody10．30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through ______.（）A．compounding B．affixationC．conversion D．shortening11．The word “motel” is created by ______.（）A．compounding B．clippingC．blending D．suffixation12．“BBC” is formed in the way of ______.（）A．acronymy B．clippingC．back-formation D．prefixation13．The types of meanings include the following EXCEPT ______.（）A．grammatical meaning B．conceptual meaningC．associative meaning D．literal meaning14．By ______ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.（）A．onomatopoeic B．morphologicalC．semantic D．etymological15．______ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.（）A．Reference B．ConceptC．Sense D．Motivation16．Semantic field, according to the course book, is also considered an integral part of ______.（）A．word formation B．word meaningC．meaning change D．Sense relations英语词汇学试卷第 2 页共9 页17．When a word is first coined, it is always ______.（）A．semantic B．onomatopoeicC．monosemic D．polysemic18．The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT ______.（）A．ire/anger B．rich/wealthyC．forlorn/distressed D．bliss/happiness19．Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different ______ from what they have now in dictionaries.（）A．senses B．FormsC．dialects D．Terms20．The mode of ______ is well reflected in the word “picture”, which originally denoted mere “painting”, but now has come to include “drawings” and even “photographs”（）A．extension B．elevationC．narrowing D．degradation21．In the sentence “The old man, though poor, is a respectable gentleman.”, the word “respectable” is used in the ______ sense of transfer.（）A．subjective B．objectiveC．sensational D．physical22．Which of the following is NOT one of the roles of context?（）A．Elimination of ambiguity.B．Indication of referents.C．Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.D．Provision of culture background for inferring word-meaning.23．The sentence “I lost Betty’s picture.” is ambiguous due to ______.（）A．grammatical context B．polysemyC．antonymy D．hyponymy24．In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a sou’Wester usually brings rain.”, the meaning of “sou’wester” can be inferred from the clue of ______.（）英语词汇学试卷第 3 页共9 页A．relevant details B．synonymyC．antonymy D．hyponymy25．The idiom “toss and turn” is a(n) ______ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（）A．alliteration B．metaphorC．metonymy D．rhyme26．Which of the following is NOT one of the types of idioms?（）A．Sentence idioms. B．Idioms adverbial in nature.C．Clausal idioms. D．Idioms nominal in nature.27．The following are all variations of idioms, EXCEPT ______.（）A．replacement B．additionC．shortening D．repetition28．Generally speaking, a dictionary will cover the following content EXCEPT ______.（）A．spelling B．syntactical usageC．pronunciation D．definition29．As a general Chinese-English dictionary, ______ is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated one（）A．A Chinese-English Dictionary (1995)B．Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English with Chinese TranslationC．A New English-Chinese DictionaryD．Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation30．Collins COBUILD English Usage (1992), is a(n) ______ dictionary.（）A．unabridged B．deskC．specialized D．encyclopedicⅡ．Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of transfer; 2) rhetorical features of idioms; 3) types of vocabulary by notion; and 4) the function of affixes. (10%)A B（ c ）31．She burst into passionate sobbing. A．juxtaposition（I ）32．He drops off to sleep, the lamb. B．notional word英语词汇学试卷第 4 页共9 页（g ）33．and C．transfer of sensations（h ）34．the man’s coat D．abstract to concrete（ a ）35．here and there E．derivational affix（ b ）36．moon F．alliteration（ f ）37．rough and ready G．functional word（ e ）38．ex-prisoner H．inflectional affix（j ）39．fair and square I．associated transfer（ d ）40．Helen looks a fright in that old black dress. J．rhymeⅢ．Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）41．When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a ________ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.42．Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: ________, semantic change and borrowing.43．We might say that free morphemes are free root.44．The formation of words by adding word-forming affixes to stems is called ________. 45．Semantic ________ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning ofa word．46．Perfect homonyms and polysemants are fully ________ with regard to spelling and pronunciation.47．V ocabulary is the most ________ element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and content.48．Ambiguity often arises due to ________ and homonymy.49．Idioms consist of set ________ and short sentences.50．Monolingual dictionaries are written in ________ language.Ⅳ．Define the following terms.（10%）51．morpheme52．homonym53．connotation54．elevation55．idiom英语词汇学试卷第 5 页共9 页Ⅴ．Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）56．As far as growth of present-day English vocabulary is concerned, what are the three main sources of new words?57．What are the semantic features of compounds? Give an example to illustrate your point. 58．Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the characteristics of antonyms. State your reason with one example.Contrary terms are non-gradable and allow intermediate members in between.59．How do you account for the context function as indication of referents?Ⅵ．Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）60．Analyze the following dialogue and comment on the rhetoric use of homonym in italicized font.—“You’re not eating your fish,” a waitress said to a customer. “Anything wrong with it?”—“Long time no sea.” the customer replied.61．Analyze the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the linguistic factors, based on the given words below.（1）gold, bulb;（2）deer, beast, animals;（3）fortuitous, fruition.英语词汇学试卷第 6 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第7 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第8 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第9 页共9 页。

英语词汇学自考题-9(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Ⅰ.{{/B}}(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.A word is a ______ that stands for something else in the world.∙ A. symbol∙ B. system∙ C. structure∙ D. pattern（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] A word is a symbol that stands for something else in the world. 词是表示世界上别的事物的符号。

答案为A。

ually words of the basic word stock are supposed to have obvious ______ characteristics.∙ A. three∙ B. four∙ C. five∙ D. six（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] The basic words stock have five obvious characteristics: all national character, stability, productivity, polysemy and collocability. 可见有五大特征。

答案为C。

3.Which are the features of native words?∙ A. All national characters.∙ B. Neutral in style.∙ C. Frequent in use.∙ D. All the above.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：[解析] 本族词汇具有基本词汇的五大特征——全民性(all national character)、稳定性(stability)、能产性(productivity)、多义性(polysemy)、搭配性(collocability)。

202X年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学卷子课程代码0832I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the onethat best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. Which of the following words does NOT belong to terminology ( )A. Penicillin.B. Algebra.C. Symphony.D. Knife.2. In the sentence “I like to see a movie.〞, there are ________ functional words. ( )A.2B.3C.4D.53. Of the characteristics listed for the basic word stock, the most important is ________. ( )A. all national characterB. productivityC. polysemyD. collocability4. Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the following EXCEPT ________. ( )A. fast foodB. TV dinnerC. tahiniD. Watergate5. The prehistoric ________ parent language is thought to be a highly inflected language, which English originated from. ( )A. PrussianB. Indo-EuropeanC. CzechD. Russian6. The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into the ________ set and the Western set. ( )A. EasternB. AfricanC. AmericanD. Northern7. The plural morpheme “-s〞is realized by /z/ after the following sounds EXCEPT ________. ( )A./z/B./g/C./d/D./b/8. The word “recollection〞comprises ________ morphemes. ( )A.1B.2C.3D.49. The following words have inflectional affixes EXCEPT ________. ( )A. worksB. workerC. workingD. worked10. “Dis-〞in the word “disloyal〞is a ________ prefix. ( )A. negativeB. reversativeC. pejorativeD. locative11. The word “AIDS〞is a(n) ________. ( )A. initialismB. acronymC. derivativeD. compound12. The word “smog〞is created by blending, with the structure of ________. ( )A. head + tailB. head + headC. head + wordD. word + tail13. So far as stylistic meaning is concerned, “residence〞is ________. ( )A. neutralB. informalC. colloquialD. formal14. Words which are used to show the attitude of approval are ________. ( )A. appreciativeB. pejorativeC. connotativeD. collocative15. “Pavement〞in British English and “sidewalk〞in American English have the same ________.( ) A. motivation B. collocationC. senseD. connotation16. A common feature peculiar to all natural languages is ________. ( )A. homonymyB. hyponymyC. monosemyD. polysemy17. In both CCELD and LDCE, the most frequently used meaning of the word “gay〞is ________. ( )A. joyous and lively, merry, happyB. homosexualC. given to social life and pleasureD. bright, brilliant18. All the following words can be used as an antonym to the word “clear〞EXCEPT ________. ( )A. dirtyB. fussyC. guiltyD. ambiguous19. The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT ________. ( )A. influx of borrowingB. analogyC. psychological factorsD. shortening20. A good example of ________ is the word “manuscript〞, which now means “writing by hand or typed with a type-writer or a word-processor〞, but its original meaning was “handwriting〞only.( )A. degradationB. elevationC. narrowingD. extension21. In the sentence “Never run towards a dangerous animal.〞, the word “dangerous〞is used in the ________ sense of transfer. ( )A. subjectiveB. objectiveC. sensationalD. physical22. The sentence “They saw her duck.〞is ambiguous due to ________. ( )A. grammatical contextB. lexical contextC. antonymyD. hyponymy23. The following are types of context EXCEPT ________. ( )A. linguistic contextB. non-linguistic contextC. syntactical contextD. extra-linguistic context24. In the sentence “The village had most of the usual amenities: a pub, a library, a post office, a village hall, a medical centre, and a school.〞The meaning of amenity can be inferred from the clue of ________. ( )A. relevant detailsB. word structureC. antonymyD. hyponymy25. The idiom “hustle and bustle〞is a ________ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned. ( )A. simileB. repetitionC. reiterationD. personification26. Sentence idioms embrace the following sentence types EXCEPT ________. ( )A. declarative sentenceB. interrogative sentenceC. imperative sentenceD. simple sentence27. “Beyond the pale〞is an idiom ________ in nature. ( )A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectivalD. adverbial28. The following are the types of dictionary EXCEPT ________. ( )A. monolingual dictionaries and bilingual dictionariesB. linguistic and encyclopedic dictionariesC. specialized dictionariesD. Chinese and English dictionaries29. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 3rd Edition (1980) is a(n) ________ dictionary. ( )A. specializedB. deskC. pocketD. encyclopedic30. Usage notes of the dictionary explain the following aspects EXCEPT ________. ( )A. literal meanings of the wordsB. difficult points of grammar and styleC. important British and American differencesD. slight differences between words of similar meaningsII. Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of vocabulary by notion; 2) sources of synonyms; 3) types of motivation; and 4) types of transfer. (10%)A B( ) 31. morphological motivation A. laconic meaning “brief〞or “short〞( ) 32. associated transfer B. the foot of the mountain( ) 33. borrowing C. squeak/hiss( ) 34. etymological motivation D. You should address your remarks to the chair. ( ) 35. notional words E. charm/glamour( ) 36. abstract to concrete F. black market/greenhorn( ) 37. semantic motivation G. occupation/walk of life( ) 38. figurative use H. fire/flame/conflagration( ) 39. regional English I. This teaching assistant is an efficient help. ( ) 40. onomatopoeic motivation J. cloud/yellowIII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)41. As defined in terms of spoken language, a word is viewed as a sound or ________ of sounds which are made voluntarily with human vocal equipment.42. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: creation, ________ and borrowing.43. The ________ is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words.44. Suffixation generally changes the grammatical function or word ________ of stems of words.45. ________ indicates the speaker’s attitude towards the person or thing in question.46. Relative synonyms or ________ are similar or nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality.47. There are generally ________ major factors that cause changes in meaning.48. Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is called ________ or non-linguistic context.49. Unlike free phrases, the structure of an idiom is to a large extent ________.50. Three good general dictionaries are LDCE, CCELD and ________.IV. Define the following terms. (10%)51. bound root52. prefixation53. pejoration34. homophone55. grammatical contextV. Answer the following questions. Y our answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(20%)56. What are the types of morphemes57. What is conceptual meaning of a word Give an example to illustrate your point.58. Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the changes in word meaning. State your reason with one example.Elevation or amelioration refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.59. What is semantic unity of idioms Explain it with one example.VI. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(20%)60. Comment on the following 2 groups of words or sentences to illustrate the semantic features and grammatical features of compounds.Group 1: “red meat/hot dog〞Group 2: “He bad-mouthed me. / major generals〞61. Analyze and comment on the following two pairs of sentences in terms of superordinates and subordinates:a]Trees surround the water near our summer place.b]Old elms surround the lake near our summer cabin.a]I met a writer who is the relation of a politician.b]I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother of Senator Buckley.。

全国2018年7月自考英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choosethe one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. Words may fall into native words and borrowed words by ______.（）A. use frequencyB. notionC. originD. sound2. Which of the following words does NOT belong to jargon? （）A. Orchestra.B. Bottom line.C. Ballpark figures.D. Bargaining chips.3. In the sentence “It is fun to play with children.”, there are ______ content words. （）A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 54. Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT ______.（）A. open heart surgeryB. fast foodC. moon walkD. space shuttle5. Reviving archaic words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, the Americans use“sick”for ______ in British English. （）A. sixB. ailmentC. throwing upD. ill6. If we say that Old English was a language of full endings, Middle English was one of ______ endings.（）A. leveledB. shortC. longD. paralleled7. The plural morpheme “-s”is pronounced as/s/in the following words EXCEPT ______.（）A. packs B. bagsC. cheatsD. ships8. There are ______ free morphemic words in the following words: bird, man, red, turn.（）A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 49. The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______. （）A. subseaB. prewarC. postwarD. desks10. The suffi x “-tion” is a ______ suffix. （）A. adjectiveB. verbC. adverbD. noun11. From the sentences “Hand in your papers.” and “She papered the room green.”, we can see such a means of word formation as ______. （）A. affixationB. compoundingC. conversionD. acronymy12. The word “beg” comes from the word “beggar”.Such a way of creating a new word is called ______.（）A. suffixationB. clippingC. blendingD. back-formation13. “Pen” and “sword” in the sentence “The pen is mightier than the sword.” are ______motivated words.（）A. semanticallyB. etymologicallyC. morphologicallyD. onomatopoeically14. “Tables, men, potatoes” have the same ______ meaning, for they have the same plural meaning. （）A. lexicalB. grammaticalC. conceptualD. associative15. Stylistic features of words include the following EXCEPT ______. （）A. formalB. literaryC. argumentativeD. slang16. The word ______ is an illustrative example of concatenation. （）A. neckB. boardC. candidateD. harvest17. Based on the degree of ______, homonyms fall into three classes: perfect homonyms, homographs and homophones. （）A. intensityB. propertyC. similarityD. variety18. Complete synonyms are identical both in grammatical meaning and lexical meaning, including ______ and associative meanings. （）A. conceptualB. perceptualC. eventualD. actual19. Narrowing of meaning, also called ______, is the opposite of widening meaning.（）A. specialization B. realizationC. evolutionD. creation20. As far as transfer is concerned, the phrase “loud colours” falls into the category of transfer ______.（）A. from concrete to abstract meaningsB. from abstract to concrete meaningsC. through associationD. of sensations21. I n the sentence “She said with an embarrassed laugh.”, the word “embarrassed” can be classified into ______ sense of transfer. （）A. subjectiveB. objectiveC. sensationalD. physical22. Based on ______ context, we can determine the meaning of “do the flowers”.（）A. cultural B. grammaticalC. lexicalD. situational23. Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is called ______ or non-linguistic context.（）A. extra-linguisticB. lexicalC. grammaticalD. syntactical24. In the sentence “Many United Nations employees are polyglots. Mr. Mary, for example, speaks fivelanguages.”, the word “polyglot” is explained by ______ clue. （）A. definitionB. exampleC. synonymyD. hyponymy25. Which of the following is NOT one of the stylistic features of idioms? （）A. Frozen style.B. Slang.C. Literary style.D. Colloquialisms.26. “Chop and change” is an idiom ______ in nature. （）A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectivalD. adverbial27. The change of idiom “the last straw” from the original form is ______.（）A. replacementB. dismemberingC. additionD. shortening28. Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into ______ and encyclopedic dictionaries. （）A. linguisticB. encyclopediaC. specializedD. unabridged29. Oxford Dictionary of Current Idiomatic English is a(n) ______ dictionary. （）A. specializedB. deskC. pocketD. encyclopedic30. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDCE) was noted for the following aspects EXCEPT ______.（）A. its wide coverage of new words, new meanings and new usagesB. its simple and clear definitionsC. its use of extra columnD. its meticulous and complete grammatical informationⅡ. Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of vocabulary by notion; 2) types of morphemes; 3) sense relations and 4) types of idioms. (10% )A B( ) 31. rich/well-to-do/poor A. contradictory term of antonym( ) 32. call it a day B. superordinate/subordinate( ) 33. sow v. to scatter seeds/sow n. female adult pig C. homograph( ) 34. recollection/idealistic D. idiom nominal in nature( ) 35. employer/employee E. notional words( ) 36. without/behind F. relative term of antonym( ) 37. fish/herring G. bound morphemes( ) 38. cut and dried H. free morphemes( ) 39. watch/teach I. idiom verbal in nature( ) 40. brain trust J. idiom adjectival in natureⅢ. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)41. According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.42. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: creation, semantic change and ______.43. ______ morphemes are chiefly found in derived words.44. Prefixes only modify the ______ of the stem.45. Lexical ______ of a word has two components: conceptual meaning and associative meaning.46. In dictionaries, a ______ has its meanings all listed under one headword whereas homonyms are listed as separate entries.47. Indeed, it often happens that a word is retained for a name though the meaning has changed because the ______ has changed.48. The sentence “I lost Betty's picture.” is ambiguous due to ______.49. Based on the criterion of ______ functions, idioms may be classified into five groups.50. Encyclopedic dictionaries have the characteristics of both ______ dictionaries and encyclopedia.Ⅳ. Define the following terms. (10%)51. word52. clipping53. onomatopoeic54. synchronic approach55. desk dictionariesⅤ. Answer the following questions. Y our answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )56. Why, in modern English, were word endings mostly lost with just a few exceptions?57. What are the differences between inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?58. How do you account for the semantic change in the living languages?59. What are contextual clues? Find out the meanings of the words in bold type and tell what contextual clues have helped you in arriving at the meanings.A. Do you know the architect? He designed St. Paul's Cathedral.B. The book was only published posthumously, for the author had been dead for three years already.C. It is undesirable to write with too many parentheses, a pair of brackets round word or phrases.Ⅵ. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)60. Analyze and comment on the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the extra-linguistic factors, each with example word(s) given below.pen, atomchurlcopperhead61. Analyze and comment on the fundamental difference between the processes of radiation and concatenation with the words neck and treacle.。

2022年自考专业(英语)英语词汇学考试真题及答案一、单项选择题 Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1、Semantics is the study of_____ of different linguistic levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse,etc.A.relationsB.originsC.formsD.meanings2、The relationship between sound and meaning is____ because people of the same speech community have agreed to refer to the thing or the person with this cluster of sounds.A.arbitraryB.conventionalC.symbolicD.fixed3、Which of the flowing belongs to the common core of the English language?A.Polysemy.B.Terminology.C.Jargon.D.Slang4、At the end of the 6 century Latin-speaking Roman missionaries spread Christianity and brought many____ terms such as abbot, candle, alter.A.geographicalB.medicalC.artisticD.religious5、In the mid-seventeenth century,_____ enabled English to absorb words from all major languages of the world.A.the RenaissanceB.the growth of colorizationC.advances in science and technologyD.new upsurge of learning ancient Greek classics6、New words like Mao Jackets, kungfu blank belt come into present-day English vocabulary due to _____.A.social, economic and political changesB.an upsurge of learning ancient Roman classicsC.the influence of other cultures and languagesD.the rapid development of modem science and technology7、For the words idealistic, prisoner individualist, only ideal, prison, individual are _____.A.free morphemesB.bound morphemesC.functional wordsD.grammatical words8、 For the word antecedent, -ced.is called a(n)_____ .A.free morphemeB.bound rootC.free rootD.affix9、There are inflectional affixes in the following words EXCEPT_____.A.likesB.hardestC.hatredD.going10、 Which of the following prefixes is a pejorative prefix?A.a- (asleep)B.de- (de-compose)C.mal- (mal-practice)D.extra- (extra strong)11、The prefixes bl, multi, semi- are_____ prefixes.A.miscellaneousB.numberC.locativeD.reversative12、Words like nylon, rayon, rayon are words from proper names, which were originally_____.s of peoples of placess of booksD.trade names13、___ is the result of human recognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.A.ReferenceB.ConceptC.SenseD.Motivation14、The meaning given in the dictionary and forming the core of word-meaning is__ meaningA.GrammaticalB.conceptualC.associateD.affective15、The following are words of appreciative meanings EXCEPT _____.A.famousB.determinedC.notoriousD.slim16、Which of the following statements is true?A.Perfect homonyms share the sane spelling and pronunciation.B.Homonyms mainly come from borrowing changes in sound and spelling, and dialects.C.Homonyms are words whose meaning are closely related.D.Most homonyms are words that are the same in spelling bu differ in sound and meaning17、Horse, dog, pig are subordinates in relation to animal, which shows the sense relation of _____.A.antonymyB.synonymyC.homonymyD.hyponymy18、Which of the following expressions does NOT use antonyms?A.Easy come, easy go.B.More haste, less speed.C.Feed a cold and starve a feverD.United we stand, divided we fall19、 The word picture originally denoted mere "painting". but now has come to include "drawing" and even "photograph". This example shows _____ of meaning.A.extensionB.narrowingC.degradationD.Transfer20、Which of the following words has undergone elevation of meaning?A.busybody: busy person →officious and meddlesome personB.naughty: wicked, bad, evil →not behaving properlyC.notorious: well-known +unfavorably well-knownD.voyage: Journey →journey by water21、The meaning of clear-sounding has changed from "sight" to "hearing". This example shows _____.A.associated transferB.transfer of sensationsC.transfer between abstract and concrete meaningsD.transfer between subjective and objective meanings22、 Many familiar words have different meanings when they are used in different contexts. Study the following sentences carefully and decide in which sentence stage means 查看答案。

2022年自考专业(英语)英语词汇学考试真题及答案一、单项选择题1、The definition of a word comprises the following points EXCEPT __（）A.sound unityB.minimal free form of a languageC.unit of meaningD.form that cannot function alone in a sentence2、"Dog" is the father of "doglike", "doghood", "dogsleep", etA.This example shows that words of the basic stock have the characteristic of __（）B.stabilityC.polysemyD.productivityE.ollocability3、Which of the following groups consists of both content words and functional words（）A.rise, five, fun, waterB.ten, but, red, ofC.of, is, in, theD.wind, sun, go, bright4、In Middle English vocabulary, we can find words relating to every aspect of human society, e. g. government, law, food, fashion and so on. Which of the following words does NOT belong to them（）A.logB.aconC.JudgeD.Power5、Which of the following statements is NOT true（）A.nglish is more closely related to German than FrenchB.Old English was a slightly inflected languageC.Old English was a language of full endingsD.Middle English was a language of leveled endings6、In the early Modern English, Europe saw a new upsurge of learning ancient Greek and Roman classics. This is known in history as __（）A.IndustrializationB.lizabethan AgeC.RenaissanceD.Victorian Age7、The word "denaturalization" can be broken down into "de-", "nature", "-al", "-ize", "-anon", each having meaning of its own. These minimal meaningful units are known as __（）A.morphemesB.llomorphsC.rootD.stem8、Which of the following is the root of the word "internationalists"（）A.interB.nationC.-istD.-al9、Which of the following words is an example of free morphemes （）A.TriedB.eetC.WorkerD.nger10、Which of the following statements is NOT true（）A.Prefixation is the formation of new words by addingsuffixes to stemsB.Prefixes do not generally change the word-class of the stemC.Prefixes only modify the meaning of the stemD.Present-day English finds an increasing number of class-changing prefixes11、Among the following words, __contains a prefix of time and order（）A.x-wifeB.vice-chairmanC.oreheadD.maltreat12、"A green hand" means an "inexperienced person", not a hand that is green in color. In this sense, we can judge that "a green hand" is a __（）A.morphemeB.proverbC.ompoundD.ree phrase13、The following words are onomatopoetically motivated words EXCEPT __（）A.angB.miniskirtD.hiss14、When we say the "mouth" of a river, we associate the opening part of the river with the mouth of a human being or an animal. In this sense, the word "mouth" conveys __（）A.onomatopoeic motivationB.morphological motivationC.semantic motivationD.tymological motivation15、"Black" is a kind of color but its meaning is obviously affected when it occurs in such phrases as "black coffee", "black market", etc.This example demonstrates __（）A.grammatical meaning of a word becomes important only when it is used in actual contextB.ffective meaning varies from individual to individual, from culture to cultureC.stylistic difference is especially true of synonymsD.ollocation can affect the meaning of words16、"The front of the head" is the __meaning of the word "face （）A.erivedB.primaryD.secondary17、Homonyms are generally words different in __（）A.soundB.spellingC.ormD.meaning18、__share a likeness in denotation as well as in part of speech（）A.SynonymsB.ntonymsC.HomonymsD.Hyponyms19、Word-meaning changes by the following modes EXCEPT __（）A.xtensionB.upgradationC.specializationD.transfer20、The word "meat", which originally meant "food", but now has come to mean "flesh of animals", is an example to illustrate __of meaning（）A.generalizationB.narrowingC.egradationD.levation21、The process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance is called __of meaning（）A.xtensionB.narrowingC.transferD.levation22、In __context the meaning of the word is often affected and defined by the neighbouring words（）A.xtra-linguisticB.non-linguisticC.lexicalD.grammatical23、__gives rise to ambiguity in the sentence "I like Mary better than Jean（）A.PolysemyB.HomonymyC.Non-linguistic contextD.Grammatical structure24、What kind of context clue is used in the sentence "Perhaps the most startling theory to come out of kinesics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Bird Whistell"（）A.xplanationB.efinitionC.xampleD.Synonymy25、"Diamond cut diamond" is an idiom, which reflects __（）A.the constituents of idioms can‘t be replacedB.the word order can‘t be invertedC.the constituents of an idiom can‘t be deletedD.many idioms are grammatically unanalysable26、"Jack of all trades" is an idiom __in nature（）A.verbalB.nominalC.djectivalD.dverbial27、"Turn on" and "turn off" are antonymous idioms, resulting from __（）A.replacementB.dditionC.shorteningD.position-shifting28、__dictionaries involve the most complete description of words available to us（）A.UnabridgedB.eskC.PocketD.Linguistic29、Collins COBUILD English Usage （1992）is a（n）__dictionary（）A.unabridgedB.ncyclopedicC.ilingualD.specialized30、You can find the real English equivalents to some Chinese items in __（）A.hinese-English Dictionary （Revised Edition）（1995）B.Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English with Chinese TranslationC.New English-Chinese DictionaryD.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with ChineseTranslation二、填空题题1、The English vocabulary can be classified by different criteria and for different purposes. Words may fall into content words and functional words by __2、The world has approximately 3000 （some put it 5000）languages, which can be grouped into roughly 300 language families and on the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and __3、Morphemes which are independent of other morphemes are considered to be __4、According to the __which affixes occupy in words, affixation falls into prefixation and suffixation5、Conceptual meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the __of word-meaning6、From the diachronic point of view, __is assumed to be the result of growth and development of the semantic structure of one and same word7、The word "picture" originally denoted only "painting", but now has come to include "drawings" and even "photographs". This is an example to illustrate __8、Linguistic context can be subdivided into lexical contextand __context9、Idioms each are a semantic __，though each consists of more than one word10、Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into __and encyclopedic dictionaries三、名词解释题1、neologisms2、stem3、reference4、degradation5、true idioms四、简答题1、leorn-ian-Tern-en->learn The above is the development of the word "learn" from Old English through Modern English to Middle English. What can be concluded from the above example from the viewpoint of development of English vocabulary2、What is affixation3、Tell the difference between perfect homonyms and polysemants so far as semantic relatedness is concerned4、Guess the meaning of the underlined word in the following sentence and tell what context clue is used. Indian artists were more active in the quattrocento than in the sixteenth centurywhich followed五、论述题1、Explain full conversion and partial conversion by taking "drinkables" and 查看答案【二、填空题题】1notion2grammar3free4position5core6~10点击下载查看答案【三、名词解释题】1neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on new meanings.2a stem can be defined as a form to which affixes of any kind can be added．3Reference is the relationship between language and the world，In other words on1y when a connection has been established between the linguistic sign and a referent, i. e. an object, aphenomenon, a person, etc. does the sign become meaningful4Degradation or peroration of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. It is a process whereby words of good origin fall into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense.5Idioms consist of set phrases and short sentences, which are peculiar to the language in question and loaded with the native cultures and ideas. The true idioms of a language share three common features that differentiate them from plain andsimple collocations: (1) They are not compositional, (2) Their words are not substitutable, and (3) They are not modifiable. 【四、简答题】1In modern English, word ending were mostly lost with just a few exceptions .It can be concluded that English has evolved from a synthetic language(Old English)to the present analytic language.本题考查其次章印欧语系词汇变化的相关内容2Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivational affixes to stems. This process is also known as derivation, for new words created in this way are derived from old forms.本题考查第四章英语构成词缀法的概念的理解3The fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants lies in the fact that the former refers to different words which happen to share the same form and the latter is the one and same word which has several distinguishable meanings。

学历类《自考》自考专业(英语)《英语词汇学》考试试题及答案解析姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________l A、blamedforB、blamedtoC、blamedonD、blamedat正确答案：C答案解析：此题考查固定词组blamesth.onsb.把...怪到...头上。

3、Police are ________ the disappearance of two children.A、lookingupB、lookingthroughC、lookingintoD、lookingon正确答案：C答案解析：A(在书中)查找B仔细查阅，审查，(对某人)视而不见C调查，研究，查问D.观看，旁观，看待4、Each of us should _______ aside a few minutes to have a rest every day.A、pushB、provideC、turnD、set正确答案：D答案解析：setaside：留出，拨出。

是固定搭配。

5、We were told that the stone figure _______ back to the 16th century was of great value.A、datedB、datingC、comingD、kept正确答案：B答案解析：本句中含有be+of+n.这个结构。

datingbacktothe16thcentury的逻辑主语是stonefigure。

6、Perseverance is a kind of quality and that is _______ it takes to do anything well.A、whatB、thatC、whichD、why正确答案：A答案解析：what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成”Ittakessth.todosth.”的句型。

英语词汇学自考真题及答案第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第节(共10小题:每小题13分。

共15分)阅读下面短文，草握其大意，从母题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项徐黑。

Recenly,1ok atupP lome by rain.!got a seat oppesite a middk-aged man with shap ers,who kept_L ayoung woman inawindow s wibh a litle boy on her lap The woman's ee fll on the man's foce,and she inmedazelooked down and 1 her searf.A the night wore en,people bega to close their es,but tbe scas ware 0 uncomforuble hual oay a very heaysleper could managto gat amy_3 The woma loked ouer a the ma.He was sill staning a hber.She lokod backa him with fire in her gcs.I的bgpiningogt_4 10.Tho traiu movod m Tho liule boy店，awake on his motbar's lep,but te wom dopped ol to socep.momstlaer,bhe bega o_6 the blfopoa window o leg went over it.The ma jumped up and 2 the。

”child just before he fell out.Th__woke up the woman She smedlobe in_9 and thea ralilydasned(品观:Your child hasbcan loking for am pprumity to climb out of the window,"the man said遇he gane the child buck 0o har.So Ihave bocawarching the whole time"The womms_10__and s0 was L1.A guidingB.boiheringC.waichingD.maitoring2.A.adjustedB.chagedC.pasledD.waned3.A.airB.jovc.spaceD.rest4.A.noervoun.B.embarasedC.amngryD.dsppointed5.A.almostB.silC.hadlyD.wanB.climbC.knockD.push7.A.yrabbedB.rockedC.toucbedD.picked.8.A.alrmB.qurdlC.riskD.noise9.A.soowB.rclefC.panieD.pain10.A.atonishedB.confusdcemedD.inspied第二节(其10小题:每小题15分。

英语词汇学自考题-19(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Ⅰ.{{/B}}(总题数：39，分数：39.00)1.The Indo-European language family is made upof most of the languages of Europe, the Near East, and ______.A. IndiaB. the Far EastC. the West AsiaD. America（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] 印欧语系由欧洲、近东和印度的大多数语言组成。

答案为A。

2.It is assumed that the world hasapproximately 3000 (some put it 5000) languages, which can be grouped into roughly ______language families on the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar.A. 500B. 4000C. 300D. 2000（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] It is assumed that the world has approximately 3000(some put it 5000)languages, which can be grouped into roughly 300 language families on the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar. 据估计，世界上约有3000多种(有人认为有5000种)语言。

这些语言可以根据他们的基本词汇和语法的相似性大致划为300个谱系。

答案为C。

3.The surviving languages fall into eight principal groups. Balto-Slavic, In-do-Iranian, Armenian and Albanian belong to the ______ set.A. EasternB. SouthernC. WesternD. Northern（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] 现存的语言主要分成8组，其中Balto-Slavic波罗的斯拉夫语系，Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语系，Armenian and Albanian亚美尼亚和阿尔巴尼亚语系为东部分支；Celtic凯尔特语系、Italic意大利语系、Hellenic希腊语系、Germanic日耳曼语系为西部分支。

2020年10月自考00832英语词汇学部分真题答案三、名词解释1. terminology【答案】Terminology consists of technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas.【解析】术语指特定学科和学术领域所使用的专有名词。

2. compounds【答案】Compounding, also called composition, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems. Words formed in this way are called compounds.【解析】复合法指由两个或更多的词干相结合而构成新词。

以此种方式形成的词被称为复合词。

3. homonyms【答案】Homonyms are generally defined as words different in meaning but either identical both in sound and spelling or identical only in sound or spelling.【解析】同形同音异义词指在读音和拼写上或者只是在读音或拼写上相同而词义不同的词。

4. phrasal verbs【答案】Phrasal verbs are idioms which are composed of a verb plus a prep and/or a particle.【解析】短语动词是由一个动词外加一个介词和/或小品词构成的习语。

5. context (in narrow sense)【答案】In a narrow sense, it refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears. This is known as linguistic context, which may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the entire book.【解析】狭义上讲，语境是指一个词所在的词群、从句和句群环境，这称为语言环境，可以包括一个段落，一个章节，甚至整个一本书。

全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（）A．meaning B．SoundC．combination of sounds D．Group2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（）A．more slowly than B．As quickly asC．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notionC．origin D．sound4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（）A．green revolution B．fast foodC．moon walk D．space shuttle5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need.（）A．form B．meaningC．look D．pronunciation6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall”means ______ in British English.（）A．four B．fellC．for D．autumn7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT______.（）A．/t/ B．/g/C．/p/ D．/k/8．There are ______ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（）A．one B．twoC．three D．four9．The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.（）A．works B．prewarC．postwar D．bloody10．30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through ______.（）A．compounding B．affixationC．conversion D．shortening11．The word “motel” is created by ______.（）A．compounding B．clippingC．blending D．suffixation12．“BBC” is formed in the way of ______.（）A．acronymy B．clippingC．back-formation D．prefixation13．The types of meanings include the following EXCEPT ______.（）A．grammatical meaning B．conceptual meaningC．associative meaning D．literal meaning14．By ______ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.（）A．onomatopoeic B．morphologicalC．semantic D．etymological15．______ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in thehuman mind.（）A．Reference B．ConceptC．Sense D．Motivation16．Semantic field, according to the course book, is also considered an integral part of ______.（）A．word formation B．word meaningC．meaning change D．Sense relations17．When a word is first coined, it is always ______.（）A．semantic B．onomatopoeicC．monosemic D．polysemic18．The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT ______.（）A．ire/anger B．rich/wealthyC．forlorn/distressed D．bliss/happiness19．Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different ______ from what they have now in dictionaries.（）A．senses B．FormsC．dialects D．Terms20．The mode of ______ is well reflected in the word “picture”, which originally denoted mere “painting”, but now has come to include “drawings” and even “photographs”（）A．extension B．elevationC．narrowing D．degradation21．In the sentence “The old man, though poor, is a respectable gentleman.”, the word “respectable” is used in the ______ sense of transfer.（）A．subjective B．objectiveC．sensational D．physical22．Which of the following is NOT one of the roles of context?（）A．Elimination of ambiguity.B．Indication of referents.C．Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.D．Provision of culture background for inferring word-meaning.23．The sentence “I lost Betty’s picture.”is ambiguous due to ______.（）A．grammatical context B．polysemyC．antonymy D．hyponymy24．In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a sou’Wester usually brings rain.”, the meaning of “sou’wester” can be inferred from the clue of ______.（）A．relevant details B．synonymyC．antonymy D．hyponymy25．The idiom “toss and turn” is a(n) ______ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（）A．alliteration B．metaphorC．metonymy D．rhyme26．Which of the following is NOT one of the types of idioms?（）A．Sentence idioms. B．Idioms adverbial in nature. C．Clausal idioms. D．Idioms nominal in nature.27．The following are all variations of idioms, EXCEPT ______.（）A．replacement B．additionC．shortening D．repetition28．Generally speaking, a dictionary will cover the following content EXCEPT ______.（）A．spelling B．syntactical usageC．pronunciation D．definition29．As a general Chinese-English dictionary, ______ is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated one（）A．A Chinese-English Dictionary (1995)B．Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English with Chinese Translation C．A New English-Chinese DictionaryD．Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation 30．Collins COBUILD English Usage (1992), is a(n) ______ dictionary.（）A．unabridged B．deskC．specialized D．encyclopedicⅡ．Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of transfer; 2) rhetorical features of idioms; 3) types of vocabulary by notion;and 4) the function of affixes. (10%)A B（ c ）31．She burst into passionate sobbing. A．juxtaposition（ I ）32．He drops off to sleep, the lamb. B．notional word（ g ）33．and C．transfer of sensations （ h ）34．the man’s coat D．abstract to concrete （ a ）35．here and there E．derivational affix（ b ）36．moon F．alliteration（ f ）37．rough and ready G．functional word（ e ）38．ex-prisoner H．inflectional affix（ j ）39．fair and square I．associated transfer（ d ）40．Helen looks a fright in that old black dress. J．rhyme Ⅲ．Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）41．When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a ________ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper. 42．Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: ________, semantic change and borrowing.43．We might say that free morphemes are free root.44．The formation of words by adding word-forming affixes to stems is called ________.45．Semantic ________ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word．46．Perfect homonyms and polysemants are fully ________ with regard to spelling and pronunciation.47．Vocabulary is the most ________ element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and content.48．Ambiguity often arises due to ________ and homonymy.49．Idioms consist of set ________ and short sentences.50．Monolingual dictionaries are written in ________ language.Ⅳ．Define the following terms.（10%）51．morpheme52．homonym53．connotation54．elevation55．idiomⅤ．Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）56．As far as growth of present-day English vocabulary is concerned, what are the three main sources of new words?57．What are the semantic features of compounds? Give an example to illustrate your point.58．Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the characteristics of antonyms. State your reason with one example.Contrary terms are non-gradable and allow intermediate members in between. 59．How do you account for the context function as indication of referents?Ⅵ．Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）60．Analyze the following dialogue and comment on the rhetoric use of homonym in italicized font.—“You’re not eating your fish,” a waitress said to a customer. “Anything wrong with it?”—“Long time no sea.” the customer replied.61．Analyze the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the linguistic factors, based on the given words below.（1）gold, bulb;（2）deer, beast, animals;（3）fortuitous, fruition.。