下载文档原格式
2020-2021学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册随堂检测（8）Unit 3 Learning about Language一、填空1.He failed to _______ (抓住) the opportunity during the job interview.2.Some roads may have to be closed at peak times to _______ (限制) the number of visitors.3.Every time I mention her, you become very _______ (敏感的).4.After the failure of the electricity supply the city was in _____ (混乱).5.We advocate peaceful development, _____ (和谐的) development and scientific development.6.Without the ______ (改革) of the economic management system our industry will rot.7.他们似乎已经历了一场毁灭性的地震。
They seem ______ ______ ______ a destructive earthquake.8.我发烧了,所以我考虑明天去看医生。
I have a fever, so I consider ______ ______ ______ the doctor tomorrow.9.我通过听英语歌提高英语水平。
I improve my English _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.10.He _______ (release) from prison after serving a sentence of five years the year before last.11.The problem that the teacher referred to in his lecture was beyond my ______ (comprehend).12.We must ensure that tourism develops _____ harmony with the environment.13.Robert is said ______ (study) abroad, but I don't know which country he studied in.14.The doctor advised me ______ (take) a complete rest so that I could make a complete recovery.15.Only when each of us realizes the importance of protecting the environment can we have a ______ (harmony) earth.二、As global temperatures rise, trees around the world are experiencing longer growing seasons, sometimes as much as three extra weeks a year. All that time helps trees grow faster. For the past 100 years, trees have been experiencing fast growth in mild areas from Maryland to Finland, to Central Europe, where the growth rate of some trees has even sped up by nearly 77% since 1870. Supposing wood were just as strong today, those gains would mean more wood for building,burning, and storing carbon captured from the atmosphere. But is wood really as dense (茂密的) as it used to be?Hans Pretzsch, a forest scientist in Germany, and his colleagues wanted to find an answer. They carried out a study of the forests of Central Europe. They started with small pieces of experimental land in southern Germany, some of which have been continuously monitored since 1870. Pretzsch and his team took core samples (样品) from the trees — which included Norway spruce, sessile oak, European beech, and Scots pine — and analyzed the tree rings.They found that in all four species, wood density had decreased by 8% to 12%. "We expected a trend of the wood density like this, but not such a strong and significant decrease," Pretzsch says. Increasing temperatures, and the faster growth they spur, probably account for some of the drop. Another factor, Pretzsch says, is more nitrogen in the soil from agricultural fertilizer and vehicle exhaust. Previous studies have linked increased fertilizer use to decreased wood density. Above all, the study suggests that the higher temperatures — combined with pollution from car exhaust and farms — are making wood weaker, resulting in trees that break more easily and wood that is less durable."I am getting worried," says Richard Houghton, an ecologist at the Woods Hole Research Center in Massachusetts, who was not part of the new study. As the density of the samples dropped, so did their carbon content. That means forests may suffer more damage from storms and may be less efficient at absorbing carbon dioxide than scientists think, Houghton says.1.Paragraph 1 is written to ______.A. prove an ideaB. introduce the topicC. give an exampleD. describe a fact2.What does the study show?A. Farming slows trees' growth.B. More areas are covered with forests.C. Global warming changes the quality of wood.D. Pollution leads to higher temperatures.3.What does Richard Houghton mean?A. Great loss might be caused.B. Storm damage can be prevented.C. The size of forests might be increased.D. Less greenhouse gases can be sent out.4.What is the best title for the passage?A. We only have one earthB. Trees ——our best friendsC. The influence of climate changeD. Trees are growing faster, but weaker三、语法填空Each area of the environment is full of ① _____ (differ) kinds of plants, animals and other organisms (有机体). ②_____ (stay) alive, these living things depend on each other and on non-living things in their environment including water, sunlight and temperature. A community of living and non-living things ③_____ function together creates an ecosystem (生态系统).Plants get their energy from the earth, water and sun. Animals get their energy from eating plants and other animals. Each organism within an ecosystem ④_____ (have) its own role to play. Think of the ecosystem of a mangrove forest (红树林). When leaves and branches fall from ⑤_____ (tree) to the land, they are eaten by bacteria in the muddy areas. Only bacteria can survive in this low-oxygen environment.As the leaves and branches are broken down, they release nutrients for animals ⑥_____ (live) in the sea. The large mangrove roots and stick-like plants protect the coastline and provide nesting places ⑦_____ birds. They also give shelter and food to a large number of young fish.Anything that ⑧_____ (involve) in an ecosystem can affect the balance of it. ⑨_____, other threats such as invasive species, natural disasters, temperature changes and ⑩_____ (pollute) can also harm or destroy the system.答案以及解析一、1.答案：seize2.答案：restrict3.答案：sensitive4.答案：chaos5.答案：harmonious6.答案：reform7.答案：to have experienced8.答案：going to see9.答案：by listening to English songs10.答案：was released解析：考查时态、语态及主谓一致。
Unit2 Learning about Language长难句型精析1.“no matter+特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句no matter+特殊疑问词（what/who/which/when/where/how)引导的让步状语从句，可换成whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however引导的让步状语从句。
注意：whatever/whoever/whichever可引导让步状语从句和名词性从句，no matter what/who/which/when/where/how只能引导让步状语从句。
教材原文A determined person always tries to finish the job,no mater how hard it is.无论工作有多难，一个有决心的人总是会设法完成它。
这是一个主从复合句，本句中no matter how引导让步状语从句。
经典例句①No matter what/Whatever you say,I don't believe it.不论你说什么，我都不会相信。
②No matter when/Whenever you leave,I will see you off.无论你什么时候走，我都会送你。
③Whoever/No matter who breaks the law,he will be punished.无论谁触犯法律，都会受到惩罚。
④Whoever breaks the law will be punished.无论谁触犯法律，都会受到惩罚。
即时训练1完成句子1.无论你做什么决定，我们都支持你。
You have our support, you decide.2.无论我解释得多么仔细，她还是没弄懂。
，she still didn't understand.3.你如果需要帮助随时可以提出来。
Section ⅢLearning about Language & Using Language重点单词写作词汇1.occasion n. 时刻；场合2.actress n. 女演员3.slide vt.& vi.(slid，slid) (使)滑动；(使)滑行n. 滑；滑动；幻灯片4.whisper n. 耳语；低语vt. & vi. 低语；小声说5.drunk adj. 醉的拓展词汇6.particular adj.特殊的；特别的n．细节；细目→particularly adv.特殊地；特别地7.amuse vt.使发笑；使愉快→amusing adj.好笑的；有趣的→amused adj.愉快的→amusement n．愉快，快乐8.explanation n．解释；讲解；说明→explain vt.解释；说明9.react vi.作出反应；回应→reaction n．反应；回应阅读词汇10.budget n. 预算；开支11.pancake n. 烙饼；薄饼12.detective n. 侦探13.mountainous adj. 多山的；山一般的14.vast adj. 巨大的；辽阔的15.rhythm n. 节奏16.porridge n. 粥；麦片粥重点短语1.burst__into__laughter 放声大笑2.treat...as 把……当作……3.pick__up 拾起，捡起4.keep__to__sth. 遵守5.look__up 向上看；查阅6.bring__out 使……清楚明白重点句型1.as引导方式状语从句：In the 1990s, Mr Bean became a star using mime to highlight difficult social situations much as__Charlie__Chaplin__had__done(像查理·卓别林那样做).2.do you think作插入语：How__do__you__think__John(你认为约翰怎样) will react to her？3.whenever引导让步状语从句：Whenever__you__finish__your__story(不管你何时完成你的故事)，you will feel a sense of success.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.1．In the first dialogue the customer in fact means that__________．A．he doesn’t know what it is nowB．he doesn’t hear clearly what the waiter saysC．he is not content with the soupD．he mistakes “bean” for “been”2．In the third dialogue the customer really wants to know________．A．the length of the pancakeB．how soon the pancake will be readyC．the size of the pancakeD．the shape of the pancake3．The passage mainly tells us________．A．a joke made by a famous detective and his friendB．a dialogue between Sherlock Holmes and Doctor WatsonC．a misunderstanding between Sherlock Holmes and Doctor WatsonD．a story told by two famous detectives4．From the story we can know that________．A．Doctor Watson was quite honestB．Sherlock Holmes was cleverer than Doctor WatsonC．Doctor Watson was cleverer than Sherlock HolmesD．Doctor Watson thought in an ordinary way while Sherlock Holmes in a funny way答案：1－4.CBADENGLISH JOKESThere are thousands of jokes which use “play on words” to amuse us. One person asks a question which expects a particular reply. Instead, what he gets is another kind of answer which makes the situation funny. Now read some of these customer and waiter jokes. Can you match the joke with the explanation?1C：What’s that fly doing in my soup?W：Swimming, I think！①2C：What’s that?W：It’s bean soup.C：I don’t want to know what it’s been.I want to know what it is now.②3C：Waiter，will the pancakes be long?W：No, sir.Round.③英语笑话有成千上万的笑话是以玩文字游戏的方式来逗我们发笑的。
