新托业全真模拟试题集2听力第一章

托业桥考试模拟题LISTENING COMPREHENSIONThis is the listening section of the test. There are three parts to this section.Part I Directions:You will see a picture in your test book and you will hear four short statements. Look at the picture in your test book and choose the statement that best describes what you see in the picture. Then mark your answer on your answer sheet.Look at the sample below and listen to the four statements.Statement (B), “The boys are reading,”best describes what you see in the picture. Therefore, you should choose answer (B).Now let us begin Part I with question number one.1. 2.3. 4.7. 8.9. 10.11. 12.15.Part II Directions: Now you will hear a question or statement followed by three responses. Choose the best response to each question or statement. Now listen to a sample question. The best response t o the question “How are you?”is choice (A), “I am fine, thank you.”Therefore, you should choose answer (A). Now let us begin Part II with question number 16. 16. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 17. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.18. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 19. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.20. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 21. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.22. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 23. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.24. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 25. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.26. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 27. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.28. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 29. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.30. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 31. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.32. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 33. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.34. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 35. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. Part III. Directions: Now you will hear fifteen short talks or conversations. In your test book, you will read a question followed by four answers. Choose the best answer to each question and mark it on your answer sheet. Now let us begin Part III with question number 36.36. Who are the speakers?(A) Travelers. (B) Patients. (C) Twins. (D) Lovers.37. Where is David going tomorrow?(A) To the United States. (B) To an auto show.(C) To the state of California. (D) To Paris.38. Which performance does the man prefer?(A) 5 p.m. performance. (B) 6 p.m. performance.(C) 9 p.m. performance. (D) 2 p.m. performance.39. When is the news announced?(A) At 3. (B) At 7. (C) At 1. (D) At 4.40. Where is the woman going?(A) To the seaside. (B) To her house. (C) To Cathrine’s.(D) To Summer Vale.41. How much will it take to repair the bike?(A) Nineteen dollars. (B) Ninety dollars. (C) Eighteen dollars. (D) Eighty dollars.42 How long will the waitress be tested?(A) A full day. (B) Half a day. (C) Half an hour or so. (D) Ten minutes.43. Who is the man?(A) A bank clerk. (B) An accountant. (C) A shop assistant. (D) A waiter.44. How much does it cost to go to Hawaii?(A) From 400 dollars. (B) From 500 dollars.(C) From 700 dollars. (D) From 800 dollars.45. What is the woman looking for?(A) A bank. (B) A hotel. (C) The man’s office.(D) The ground floor.46. What does the man want to know?(B) The Grand Theater.(A) The film “Frozen”．(C) The show time. (D) The local paper.47. What can you do in the Green Mountains?(A) Buy shoes and clothes. (B) Go hiking.(C) Try rock & roll. (D) Live with animals.48. Who is the man?(A) A window cleaner. (B) A fashion designer.(C) A shop assistant. (D) A shoe maker.49. When did the Long March take place?(A) 80 years ago. (B) 220 years ago. (C) 40 years ago. (D) 20 years ago.50. What’s wrong with Bill?(A) He has a sore throat. (B) He can’t sleep well.(C) He is all right. (D) He feels well enough.READINGThis is the reading section of the test. There are two parts to this section.Part I Directions: Questions 51–80 are incomplete sentences. There are four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D), under each sentence. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then mark your answer onyour answer sheet.51. Last year, Mary and Helen ______ bicycles in Amsterdam.(A) rent (B) to rent (C) rented (D) renting52. The red coat belongs to Jane, but the black one is_____.(A) me (B) mine (C) my (D) myself53. These boxes are small and ______ to lift.(A) easy (B) happy (C) gentle (D) cheap54. The homework assignment was short, so everyone finished it ______ .(A) quickening (B) quickest (C) quickly (D) quicken55. Pedro has just moved _____ a lovely apartment on Seventh Avenue.(A) into (B) with (C) up (D) on56. Ms. Burton went to the bakery ______ a cake.(A) to buy (B) bought (C) will buy (D) buying57. The teacher asked Tom to get the books from the top shelf ____ he was the tallest student.(A) but (B) except (C) since (D) so that58. We haven’t enough books for everyone; some of you will have to ______.(A) share (B) spare (C) enjoy (D) live59. Yesterday Mayumi received a letter _______ her cousin Yuki, who is working in Italy.(A) at (B) from (C) of (D) toward60. It is a good idea to drive_____ on mountain roads.(A) slowness (B) slowing (C) slowly (D) slowed_____ sleeper that the explosion d idn’t wake me.61. I’m such a(A) sound (B) large (C) great (D) huge62. Steven always feels ______ after a walk along the beach.(A) relax (B) relaxing (C) relaxed (D) relaxes63. Yanxuan ______ not to join the tennis team because she did not have enough time to practice.(A) realized (B) decided (C) felt (D) wondered______ in the price of the meal.64. At Luigi’s Restaurant, dessert is(A) include (B) inclusion (C) including (D) included65. Singer Linda Hahn will star in a special _______ at the Towlen Theater on November 5.(A) performance (B) admission (C) attendance (D) reservation66. Living in France has been a wonderful ______ for Min Sung.(A) experience (B) experienced (C) experiences (D) experiencing67. I think you will find this travel guide _______ for your trip to Australia.(A) actual (B) useful (C) able (D) likely68. New students should _______ their identification cards at the Security Office.(A) give off (B) go back (C) pick up (D) take after69. The young man offered to _____ me a hand as my luggage was too heavy for me to carry.(A) help (B) lend (C) show (D) borrow70. The retirement ______ for Ms. Lopez will take place on May 23.(A) celebration (B) celebrates (C) celebrated (D) celebrate71. Carlos wants to go hiking _______ swimming this weekend.(A) although (B) for example (C) instead of (D) however72. All kinds of reference books are _______in our school library.(A) available (B) suitable (C) comfortable (D) agreeable73. Discounted tickets for the baseball game will be sold _____ on the team’s Web site.(A) lately (B) deeply (C) only (D) solidly74. Susan _____ her new job at the post office next month.(A) starting (B) started (C) will start (D) to start75. Though he is poor, ______ he is satisfied with his situation.(A) already (B) still (C) yet (D) never76. When the package arrives, please look at it ______ to make sure it is not damaged.(A) carefulness (B) carefully (C) caring (D) care77. A good fence will _______ animals from eating the vegetables in the garden.(A) prevent (B) last (C) avoid (D) finish78. Most of the students participated ____ in the discussion.(A) active (B) actively (C) activities (D) activate79. Mr. Domingeuz will be happy to ______you how the new software program works.(A) show (B) guide (C) indicate (D) learn80. Enrique felt ______ that he was chosen to receive the science award.(A) honors (B) to honor (C) honoring (D) honoredPart II Directions: Questions 81–100 are based on reading materials such as notices, letters, forms, and advertisements. Choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (D), to each question. Then mark your answer on your answer sheet.Questions 81-82 refer to the following advertisement.SALESPERSON REQUIREDBateman Retail TechnologiesWe are looking for an experienced salesperson to sell our exciting range of products.Have you got the qualities and skills we need?●Do you have at least five years’ experience of working in sales?●Are you confident, dynamic and enthusiastic?●Do you have advanced IT skills and an interest in e-commerce?●Do you have the ability to motivate a team?If so, apply now to Box 301.81. Who is looking for an experienced salesperson?(A) Bateman Retail Technologies. (B) A product company.(C) Box 301. (D) A sales corporation.82 .What skills should this salesperson have?(A) Sales experience. (B) Confidence and enthusiasm.(C) Team motivation. (D) Advanced IT skills.Questions 83-85 refer to the following letter.An Application Letter136 Brownless RoadCatford, PL4 2 EBAugust 19, 2013Dear Mr. Bateman,I saw your advertisement for an Assistant Manager in this week’s issue of the hotel and I should like to apply for the position.I am enclosing my resume and a recent photograph. As you seeI have been Assistant Manager at the Granada Hotel in Madrid fora year and I would very much like to have experience of hotel work in England.I am at present on holiday in England and staying with friendsat the above address. I shall be returning to Spain at the end of the month.Yours sincerely,Maria Sanchez83. Where did the applicant see the advertisement?(A) In the newspaper. (B) In the hotel issue.(C) In the magazine. (D) On the radio.84. What is Maria Sanchez’s present job?(A) Assistant Manager. (B) Hotel work.(C) Tourist guide. (D) Teacher.85. What is Maria Sanchez doing now?(A) Playing with friends. (B) Working in a hotel.(C) Visiting Madrid. (D) Taking a holiday.Questions 86-87 refer to the following notice.Please give as much notice as possible if you are movinghome, but at least 48 hours is required for us to make thenecessary arrangements for your gas and electricity supply.Please telephone our 24-hour line on 013167753219 with detailsof your move. In most cases we are happy to accept your meterreading on the day you move. Tell the new occupant that Eastern Energy supply the household, to ensure the service is not interrupted. Remember we can now supply electricity and gas at your new address, anywhere in the UK.86. What is the notice about?(A) Energy supply. (B) House moving arrangement.(C) Electricity supply. (D) Telephone install.87. Who can provide you the service you need when moving home?(A) Gas Company. (B) Electricity Company.(C) Eastern Energy. (D) 24-hour hotline.Questions 88-89 refer to the following letter.Dear Mr. James,I am sorry that I had to cancel our meeting yesterday at suchshort notice. As my secretary must have explained to you,an urgent matter came up which I had to deal with immediately.I understand our appointment has been rearranged for nextTuesday (May 12) at 11:30.Perhaps we can extend our meeting over lunch.Yours sincerely,George88. What kind of letter is it?(A) A letter of thanks. B) A letter of condolence.(C) A letter of apology. (D) A letter of invitation.89. When will George and Mr. James meet again?(A) On May 12. (B) On Tuesday. (C) Over lunch time. (D) On Wednesday.Questions 90-92 refer to the following notice.Notice to CustomersDear Customers,Please be advised that from Monday, 3rd October parking at the Breakwater Terminalis $7.00 per day, or part thereof.Tickets and longer parking permits are available for purchase from our ticketing counters inside the Breakwater Terminal from the car park attendant.Enquire about our Monthly Saver Parking Permit or our Yearly Super Parking Permit& start saving now!Thank you and have a great day!Yours Sincerely,SeaLink QLD Management90. The new parking charge starts from _____.(A) October 3 (B) next week (C) next month (D) October 191. The new parking charge for each day is ______.(A) 3 dollars (B) 4 dollars (C) 7 dollars (D) 14 dollars92. Customers can buy a parking ticket _______.(A) online (B) from a car park attendant(C) from a post office (D) in a nearby shopQuestions 93-95 refer to the following preface.This book is intended to provide the students of physical science with help in mastering elementary physics, chemistry and earth science. A wide range of topicsis covered, so that the reader may select those which correspond to his particularinterest or needs.Each chapter begins with an outline of its subject. The discussed problems thatfollow are of two kinds: those that are connected with past development of physicsand chemistry, and those that concern important facts and ideas in physical science.The supplementary problems at the end give the reader a chance for practice.Arthur Bird93. The book will help the majors in_______to master the elementary knowledge of physics.(A) elementary science (B) physical science (C) chemistry (D) earth science94. At the beginning of each chapter, there is an outline of _______.(A) the subject (B) the problem (C) the topic (D) the concern95. In each chapter, _____ kinds of problems are discussed.(A) two (B) three (C) four (D) fiveQuestions 96-97 refer to the following memo.Interoffice MemorandumTo: All Members of StaffFrom: Department ManagerDate: April 30, 2012Subject: Unauthorized use of fax machineDespite my previous instructions on the subject, it is obvious that the department fax machine is still being used for totally unauthorized, private purposes.There were over $500 worth of faxes sent last month that are not for business related to this office. I wish to make it quite clear that I will not bear this continued misuse of valuable office resources, and that the practice is to cease immediately.JHDepartment Manager96. What is the purpose of this memorandum?(A) To congratulate the staff. (B) To announce a new policy.(C) To show an accounting error. (D) To warn about an improper practice.97. Why does the Department Manager forbid the staff to use the fax machines for private purpose?(A) It cost the department a lot of money.(B) It affected the business of the company.(C) It could only be used by the Department Manager.(D) It is valuable office resources.Questions 98-100 refer to the following chart98. How long is the movie?(A) 1 hours and 45 minutes. (B) 2 hours.(C) 2 hours and 15 minutes. (D) 2 hours and 30 minutes.99. When can viewers watch a news program?(A) 9:30 A.M. (B) 10:30 A.M. (C) 12:30 P.M. (D) 1:30 P.M. 100. What is the 8:00 show about?(A) Health (B) Fashion (C) Coffee (D) Travel第11 页，共11 页。

DAY 1动作描述1 People are applauding the players. 人们正在为演奏者鼓掌。

2 The lawns are being watered. 草地正在被浇水。

3 The man is putting on his glasses 这个男人正在戴眼镜。

4 She is carrying two buckets. 她提着两个桶。

5 She is digging in the ground. 正在挖地。

6 They are moving in opposite directions. 他们正在往相反的方向走。

7 The men are mowing lawns .男人们正在割草。

8 He is playing a musical instrument on stage. 他正在台上演奏乐器。

9 The road is being paved. 道路正在被铺。

10 The woman is paying for an item. 这个女人正在给商品付款。

11 The pharmacist is handing some medicine to the patient. 药剂师正在给患者药。

12 Trees are being planted. 树木正在被种。

13 They’re playing on a swing in the playground.他们正在操场上荡秋千。

14. A woman is pointing a t something on a drawing.一个女人正在指着画上的什么东西。

15. A man is taking a picture.一个男人正在照相。

16. A waiter is pouring water into cups.一个服务生正在往杯子里倒水。

17. He is putting on a laboratory coat.他正在穿实验室服。

1、A.he’s receiving a facsimileB.he’s listening to an announcementC.he’s using a public telephoneD.he’s carrying his luggage2、A.they’re standing in a lineB. they’re studying a mapC. they’re buying some magazinesD. they’re looking at th e same book3、A.she’s watching a videoB. she’s typing on a keyboardC. she’s sdjusting her chairD. she’s printing some files4、A.they’re washing their carsB. they’re watering the gardenC．they’re cleaning the parking lotD. they’re p arking their vehicles5、A.he’s opening the windowB. he’sremoving the lidC．he’s closing the trunkD. he’s riding in the back seat6、A.people are entering a restaurantB. people are eating at an outdoor caféC. people are preparing some foodD.the waiter is taking a coffee break7、A.he’s placing the folders on top of the cabinetB. he’s opening the cupboard doorsC. he’s stacking the boxes on top of each otherD. he’s leaning over the cabinet drawer8、A.she’s writing a postcardB. she’s looking for some clothesC. she’s placing an orderD. she’s working in a store9、A.the apartments overlook the oceanB.the boat is docked in the harborC.the plane is ahead of the boatD.the passengers are boarding the plane10、A.there is a calendar on the shelfB.there are some posters on the wallC there are notices on the bulletin boardD.there is a closet next to the board11、do you think you could pulg in the projector for me?A.sure, where’s an outlet?B.you can turn it off nowC.i’ll finish the project bu six12、where are the Johnson and Parker Company headquaters?A.he;s in his officeB.it;s in Des Moines,lowaC.sorry I don’t have cash13、Excite Travel is offering a four-day cruise to Puerto Rico and the Virgin IslandsA.how much is itB.no I hane notC.it is on Thursday14、when should we start the slide showA.is started yesterdayB.let’s start in ten minutesC.yes I’ll show you after work15、did you send the letter to Ms.BixlerA.i sent it yesterdayB.i have not read them yetC.she wanted only a little16、would you rather look for a jacket at the mall or order one onlineA.let’s wait in lineB.i didn’t see Jack thereC.i’ll look at the mall first17、shouldn’t we leave for the airport soonA.they left earlier todayB.no the report will be on at sevenC.yes let’s leave in ten minutes18、what are we getting paid earlyA.not until tomorrowB.ok I’ll check on themC.because Friday is a holiday19、I need some batteries for my cameraA.he’s the next ba tterB.no I forgot to bring my cameraC.i might have some ,what size are they?20、you’re going to Janice’s retirementA.i’m not sure yetB.she’s usually tiredC.we haven’t gotten to that part yet21、who’s going to show the new employees aroundA.the show is on MondayB.i think Ms.Sterson willC.actually, we need something more square22、let’s visit the Vanderbilt Museum sometime next weekA.i always visit herB.it was built 3 years gaoC.all right I’m free on thursday23、may I please have another copy of the scheduleA.before May 24thB.sure I’ll print one outC.would you like cream and sugar24、the test results won’t be available until WednesdayA.ok I’ll call back thenB.we should study tonight thenC.yes, he’s available on Thursday25、why did Jeffery call earlier?A.after 9o’clockB.you can call him JeffC.he called to invite us to dinner26、how do you like working in the London office?A.no, by subwayB.I really enjoy itC.her office is on the fifth floor27、do you want to fly into Orly Airport or Charles de Gaulle Airport?A.no, thank youB.orly Airport,pleaseC.an aisle seat would be fine28、is the landlord going to install an air conditioner?A.it’s in very good conditionB.he’s going to Milwaukee on FridayC.yes, she’ll do it bef ore we move in29、weren’t the pictures taken in color?A.someone must’ve taken themB.no,I used black and white filmC.i’ll take the purple and green one30、we can store them in the basementA.yes, a basement and a garageB.we can’t go to the store todayC.no, the basement is being31、what department does Ms.Evanglista work in?A.she works in accountingB.next to the department storeC.she works out at Speigel’s Gym32、do you know how to get to Le Magreb Restaurant?A.they’re at 8:30B.i heard it’s very goodC.sure, I’ll give you directions33、why don’t I take notes at the meeting for you ?A.it’s tomorrow at 3:30B.yes. we have it in our recordsC.thanks, I’d really appreciate that34、have you ever been to Brazil?A.in three weeksB.no, I don’t h ave anyC.yes , I went there 2 years ago35、Elizabeth doesn’t like French food, does she ?A.i think she’s from RomaniaB.she’s never been to France beforeC.yes, she does .we ate at Pierre’s last week36、would you like me to order that book for you,sir?A.yes book it for one nightB.sure, when do you think it’ll arrive?C.i’m not quite finished looking at the menu37、who’ll manage the Pearson project?A.we’ll see once we get thereB.the company’s moving overseasC.Jasmine will oversee it for now38、what is the Trumper Corporation?A.in downtown BeijingB.we’ll meet with them todayC.it’s a manufacturing company39、hello, I’d like to get an application for employment.A.yes, he work in advertsingB.form March 1st to February 28thC.ok, just go to customer service40、didn’t they cancel the football game?A.alright, we can go thenB.no, it was juet postponedC.please speak with a counselor。

托业模拟试题集托业（Test of English for International Communication）是由ETS组织实施的一项英语考试，旨在评估非英语为母语的人士在商务环境下的英语沟通能力。

托业考试分为听力和阅读两大部分，覆盖了商务英语中常见的会话和阅读场景。

为了更好地帮助考生备考，以下是一些托业模拟试题，供大家练习。

Part 1: Listening ComprehensionQuestions 1-4Listen to the following conversation and answer the questions.1. What is the man's main job responsibility?A. Managing projectsB. Assisting customersC. Conducting market researchD. Recruiting new employees2. What will the woman do next?A. Book a flightB. Make a reservationC. Set up a meetingD. Prepare a report3. Where is the conversation most likely taking place?A. In a hotelB. In an officeC. In a restaurantD. In a library4. What does the woman suggest at the end of the conversation?A. Reviewing a proposalB. Sending an emailC. Holding a conferenceD. Making a decisionQuestions 5-8Listen to the following report and answer the questions.5. What is the purpose of the report?A. To discuss new productsB. To analyze market trendsC. To recommend investmentsD. To introduce a company6. According to the report, what is the biggest challenge facing the industry?A. Declining salesB. Increasing competitionC. Changing regulationsD. Technological advancements7. What are the two main strategies mentioned in the report?A. Cost reduction and innovationB. Global expansion and partnershipsC. Customer service and quality controlD. Marketing campaigns and staffing8. What is the report's conclusion?A. Businesses need to adapt to new trendsB. The industry is experiencing rapid growthC. Consumers prefer traditional productsD. Competition is decreasing in the marketPart 2: Reading ComprehensionPassage 1: The Importance of Customer ServiceIn today's highly competitive business environment, customer service plays a crucial role in determining the success of a company. Providing excellent customer service can lead to increased customer satisfaction,loyalty, and repeat business. On the other hand, poor customer service can result in lost sales, negative reviews, and damage to a company's reputation.Questions 9-129. What is the main focus of the passage?A. The impact of technology on businessB. The importance of employee trainingC. The role of customer service in business successD. The benefits of advertising and marketing10. According to the passage, what are the consequences of poor customer service?A. Increased customer satisfactionB. Higher sales and revenueC. Negative reviews and lost businessD. Improved company reputation11. How can companies benefit from providing excellent customer service?A. By reducing costsB. By attracting new customersC. By investing in new technologyD. By downsizing their workforce12. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?A. Customer service leads to increased profitsB. Technology is essential for business successC. Companies should focus on employee trainingD. Customer service is critical for business successPassage 2: The Benefits of Employee TrainingEmployee training and development are essential for enhancing the skills and knowledge of workers in an organization. Training programs can improve employee productivity, job satisfaction, and retention rates. By investing in training, companies can create a skilled workforce that is better equipped to meet the challenges of the modern business world.Questions 13-1613. What is the main purpose of employee training, according to the passage?A. To increase job satisfactionB. To reduce employee turnoverC. To enhance employee skills and knowledgeD. To outsource tasks to external vendors14. How can training programs benefit companies?A. By decreasing productivityB. By increasing employee turnoverC. By creating a skilled workforceD. By reducing the need for innovation15. According to the passage, what are the outcomes of investing in training?A. Lower job satisfactionB. Decreased employee productivityC. Higher retention ratesD. Limited access to new technology16. Which of the following best describes the benefits of employee training?A. It can improve employee skills and knowledgeB. It can lead to reduced job satisfactionC. It is not essential for modern businessesD. It does not impact employee retention以上是一些托业模拟试题，希望对大家备考托业考试有所帮助。

托业2022考试试题题库托业考试（Test of English for International Communication，简称TOEIC）是一项国际性的英语能力测试，主要评估非英语母语者在国际商务环境中使用英语进行沟通的能力。

托业考试分为听力和阅读两个部分，每个部分满分为495分，总分为990分。

以下是一份模拟的托业2022考试试题题库，供考生练习使用。

# 听力部分听力理解（Part 1 Photo Description）1. What is the man doing in the picture?- A. Reading a book- B. Cooking food- C. Fixing a car- D. Painting a wall2. What can be inferred about the woman in the photo?- A. She is a teacher.- B. She is a student.- C. She is a doctor.- D. She is a secretary.听力对话（Part 2 Question and Response）3. What is the woman asking the man for?- A. Directions to the bank.- B. The time of the meeting.- C. A recommendation for a restaurant.- D. Help with her luggage.4. What does the man suggest the woman do?- A. Take a taxi.- B. Wait for the bus.- C. Walk to the next street.- D. Call her friend.听力对话（Part 3 Conversations）5. What are the speakers mainly discussing?- A. A business proposal.- B. A marketing strategy.- C. A new product launch.- D. A company's financial report.6. What is the man's opinion about the current situation? - A. He thinks it's a good opportunity.- B. He is concerned about the risks.- C. He is not interested in the project.- D. He is unsure about the potential outcomes.听力短文（Part 4 Talks）7. What is the main topic of the talk?- A. The importance of teamwork.- B. The benefits of remote working.- C. The challenges of managing a global team.- D. The future of the office environment.8. What does the speaker recommend to improve communication? - A. Using video conferencing.- B. Sending regular emails.- C. Holding face-to-face meetings.- D. Encouraging open feedback.# 阅读部分阅读理解（Part 5 Incomplete Sentences）9. The company's new policy on flexible working has been_______ by the employees.- A. rejected- B. embraced- C. ignored- D. criticized10. Despite the economic downturn, the company managed to_______ its profits.- A. increase- B. maintain- C. reduce- D. fluctuate阅读理解（Part 6 Text Completion）11. According to the text, which of the following is NOT a benefit of using renewable energy?- A. Reducing carbon emissions.- B. Creating new jobs.- C. Lowering energy costs.- D. Increasing dependence on foreign oil.12. The author suggests that the government should _______ to support the renewable energy sector.- A. impose higher taxes- B. provide subsidies- C. limit research funding- D. enforce stricter regulations阅读理解（Part 7 Reading Comprehension）13. What is the main purpose of the article?- A. To discuss the history of renewable energy.- B. To argue for the adoption of renewable energy.- C. To compare different types of renewable energy.- D. To describe the process of energy production.14. The author cites several examples to support the argument. What is one of these examples?- A. The economic benefits of renewable energy.- B. The environmental impact of fossil fuels.- C. The technological advancements in renewable energy.- D. The political support for renewable energyinitiatives.综合练习（Part 8 Listening and Reading）15. In the listening passage, the speaker mentions a new project. What is the main objective of this project?- A. To develop a new type of solar panel.- B. To increase the use of wind energy.- C. To reduce the reliance on nuclear power.- D. To improve the efficiency of hydroelectric power.16. The reading passage discusses the challenges of implementing renewable energy. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a challenge?- A. The high initial cost of renewable energy technologies.- B. The lack of public awareness about renewable energy. - C. The limited availability of natural。

托业听力模拟试题托业听力模拟试题是很多考生备考托业考试时常用的练习题型之一，通过模拟试题的练习，考生可以更好地了解托业听力考试的题型、内容和难度，提高自己的应试能力。

下面将给出一套托业听力模拟试题，考生可以利用这套试题进行练习，希望对大家备考托业考试有所帮助。

第一部分：图片问题请听下面的对话，根据对话内容选择与图片最符合的答案。

在答题前，你将有15秒钟的时间阅读题目和图片。

现在，听对话。

1. What do the man and woman need to buy?A. Apples.B. Bananas.C. Strawberries.D. Oranges.2. What color is the dress the woman is looking for?A. Blue.B. Red.C. Green.D. Yellow.3. Where will the man and woman go tomorrow?A. The museum.B. The zoo.C. The park.D. The beach.第二部分：短对话请听下面的对话，根据对话内容选择正确答案。

在答题前，你有30秒钟的时间阅读题目。

现在，听短对话。

4. What is the woman going to do on Friday evening?A. Go to a concert.B. Watch a movie.C. Have dinner with friends.D. Play sports.5. Why did the man return the jacket?A. It was too small.B. It was too big.C. It was the wrong color.D. It was the wrong style.6. What does the man want to drink?A. Coffee.B. Tea.C. Soda.D. Water.第三部分：长对话请听下面的长对话，根据对话内容选择正确答案。

托业桥考试模拟题LISTENING COMPREHENSIONThis is the listening section of the test. There are three parts to this section.Part I Directions: You will see a picture in your test book and you will hear four short statements. Look at thepicture in your test book and choose the statement that best describes what you see in the picture. Then markyour answer on your answer sheet.Look at the sample below and listen to the four statements.Statement (B), “The boys are reading,” best describes what you see in the picture. Therefore, you should chooseanswer (B).Now let us begin Part I with question number one.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.Part II Directions: Now you will hear a question or statement followed by three responses. Choose the bestresponse to each question or statement. Now listen to a sample question. The best response to the question “How are you?” is choice (A), “I am fine, thank you.” Therefore, you should choose answer (A). Now letus begin Part II with question number 16.16. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 17. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.18. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 19. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.20. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 21. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.22. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 23. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.24. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 25. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.26. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 27. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.28. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 29. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.30. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 31. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.32. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 33. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.34. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 35. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.Part III. Directions: Now you will hear fifteen short talks or conversations. In your test book, you willread a question followed by four answers. Choose the best answer to each question and mark it on your answersheet. Now let us begin Part III with question number 36.36. Who are the speakers?(A) Travelers.(B) Patients. (C) Twins.(D) Lovers.37. Where is David going tomorrow?(A) To the United States. (B) To an auto show.(C) To the state of California.(D) To Paris.38. Which performance does the man prefer?(A) 5 p.m. performance.(B) 6 p.m. performance.(C) 9 p.m. performance.(D) 2 p.m. performance.39. When is the news announced?(A) At 3. (B) At 7. (C) At 1.(D) At 4.40. Where is the woman going?(A) To the seaside. (B) To her house. (C) To Cathrine’s.(D) To Summer Vale.41. How much will it take to repair the bike?(A) Nineteen dollars. (B) Ninety dollars. (C) Eighteen dollars. (D) Eighty dollars.42 How long will the waitress be tested?(A) A full day. (B) Half a day. (C) Half an hour or so. (D) Ten minutes.43. Who is the man?(A) A bank clerk. (B) An accountant. (C) A shop assistant. (D) A waiter.44. How much does it cost to go to Hawaii?(A) From 400 dollars.(B) From 500 dollars.(C) From 700 dollars. (D) From 800 dollars.45. What is the woman looking for?(A) A bank. (B) A hotel. (C) The man’s office. (D) The ground floor.46. What does the man want to know?(A) The film “Frozen”. (B) The Grand Theater.(C) The show time.(D) The local paper.47. What can you do in the Green Mountains?(A) Buy shoes and clothes. (B) Go hiking.(C) Try rock & roll.(D) Live with animals.48. Who is the man?(A) A window cleaner. (B) A fashion designer.(C) A shop assistant. (D) A shoe maker.49. When did the Long March take place?(A) 80 years ago. (B) 220 years ago. (C) 40 years ago. (D) 20 years ago.50. What’s wrong with Bill?(A) He has a sore throat. (B) He can’t sleep well.(C) He is all right.(D) He feels well enough.READINGThis is the reading section of the test. There are two parts to this section. Part I Directions: Questions 51–80 are incomplete sentences. There are four words orphrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D), under each sentence. Choose the one word or phrasethat best completes the sentence. Then mark your answer on your answer sheet.51. Last year, Mary and Helen ______ bicycles in Amsterdam.(A) rent (B) to rent (C) rented (D) renting52. The red coat belongs to Jane, but the black one is_____.(A) me (B) mine (C) my(D) myself53. These boxes are small and ______ to lift.(A) easy (B) happy (C) gentle (D) cheap54. The homework assignment was short, so everyone finished it ______ .(A) quickening (B) quickest (C) quickly (D) quicken55. Pedro has just moved _____ a lovely apartment on Seventh Avenue.(A) into (B) with (C) up(D) on56. Ms. Burton went to the bakery ______ a cake.(A) to buy (B) bought (C) will buy (D) buying57. The teacher asked Tom to get the books from the top shelf ____ he was the tallest student.(A) but(B) except(C) since (D) so that58. We haven’t enough books for everyone; some of you will have to ______.(A) share (B) spare(C) enjoy(D) live59. Yesterday Mayumi received a letter _______ her cousin Yuki, who is working in Italy.(A) at (B) from(C) of(D) toward60. It is a good idea to drive_____ on mountain roads.(A) slowness(B) slowing (C) slowly(D) slowed61. I’m such a _____ sleeper that the explosion didn’t wake me.(A) sound(B) large(C) great(D) huge62. Steven always feels ______ after a walk along the beach.(A) relax (B) relaxing(C) relaxed(D) relaxes63. Yanxuan ______ not to join the tennis team because she did not have enough time to practice.(A) realized (B) decided(C) felt(D) wondered64. At Luigi’s Restaurant, dessert is ______ in the price of the meal.(A) include (B) inclusion(C) including(D) included65. Singer Linda Hahn will star in a special _______ at the Towlen Theater on November 5.(A) performance(B) admission(C) attendance (D) reservation66. Living in France has been a wonderful ______ for Min Sung.(A) experience(B) experienced(C) experiences(D) experiencing67. I think you will find this travel guide _______ for your trip to Australia.(A) actual (B) useful(C) able(D) likely68. New students should _______ their identification cards at the Security Office.(A) give off(B) go back(C) pick up(D) take after69. The young man offered to _____ me a hand as my luggage was too heavy for me to carry.(A) help(B) lend(C) show(D) borrow70. The retirement ______ for Ms. Lopez will take place on May 23.(A) celebration(B) celebrates(C) celebrated(D) celebrate71. Carlos wants to go hiking _______ swimming this weekend.(A) although (B) for example(C) instead of (D) however72. All kinds of reference books are _______in our school library.(A) available(B) suitable (C) comfortable (D) agreeable73. Discounted tickets for the baseball game will be sold _____ on the team’s Web site.(A) lately (B) deeply (C) only(D) solidly74. Susan _____ her new job at the post office next month.(A) starting(B) started(C) will start (D) to start75. Though he is poor, ______ he is satisfied with his situation.(A) already(B) still(C) yet(D) never76. When the package arrives, please look at it ______ to make sure it is not damaged.(A) carefulness (B) carefully(C) caring (D) care77. A good fence will _______ animals from eating the vegetables in the garden.(A) prevent (B) last(C) avoid(D) finish78. Most of the students participated ____ in the discussion.(A) active (B) actively(C) activities(D) activate79. Mr. Domingeuz will be happy to ______you how the new software program works.(A) show (B) guide(C) indicate(D) learn80. Enrique felt ______ that he was chosen to receive the science award.(A) honors (B) to honor (C) honoring (D) honoredPart II Directions: Questions 81–100 are based on reading materials such as notices,letters, forms, and advertisements. Choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (D), to eachquestion. Then mark your answer on your answer sheet.Questions 81-82 refer to the following advertisement.SALESPERSON REQUIRED Bateman Retail TechnologiesWe are looking for an experienced salesperson to sell our exciting range of products. Have you got the qualities and skills we need? ● Do you have at least five years’ experience of working in sales? ● Are you confident, dynamic and enthusiastic? ● Do you have advanced IT skills and an interest in e-commerce? ● Do you have the ability to motivate a team? If so, apply now to Box 301.81. Who is looking for an experienced salesperson?(A) Bateman Retail Technologies.(B) A product company.(C) Box 301.(D) A sales corporation.82 .What skills should this salesperson have?(A) Sales experience.(B) Confidence and enthusiasm.(C) Team motivation. (D) Advanced IT skills.Questions 83-85 refer to the following letter.An Application Letter83. Where did the136 Brownless Roadapplicant see theCatford, PL4 2 EBadvertisement?August 19, 2013(A) In theDear Mr. Bateman,newspaper. (B)I saw your advertisement for an Assistant Manager in this week’s In the hotel issue.issue of the hotel and I should like to apply for the position.(C) In theI am enclosing my resume and a recent photograph. As you see I have magazine. (D)been Assistant Manager at the Granada Hotel in Madrid for a year and On the radio.I would very much like to have experience of hotel work in England. 84. What is MariaI am at present on holiday in England and staying with friends at Sanchez’s presentthe above address. I shall be returning to Spain at the end of the job?month.(A) AssistantYours sincerely,Manager. (B)Maria SanchezHotel work.(C) Tourist guide. (D) Teacher.85. What is Maria Sanchez doing now?(A) Playing with friends. (B) Working in a hotel.(C) Visiting Madrid.(D) Taking a holiday.UK.Questions 86-87 refer to the following notice.Telephone install.87. Who can provide you the service you need when moving home?(A) Gas Company.(B) Electricity Company.(C) Eastern Energy.(D) 24-hour hotline.Questions 88-89 refer to the following letter.86. What is the noticeabout?(A) Energy supply.(B) Housemoving arrangement.(C) Electricitysupply.(D)Dear Mr. James,88. What kind ofI am sorry that I had to cancel our meeting yesterday at such letter is it? (A) A letter ofshort notice. As my secretary must have explained to you, thanks.B) Aan urgent matter came up which I had to deal with immediately. letterofcondolence.I understand our appointment has been rearranged for next (C) A letter ofTuesday (May 12) at 11:30.apology. (D) A letter of invitation.Perhaps we can extend our meeting over lunch.89. When willYours sincerely,George and Mr. James meet again?George(A) On May 12.(B) On Tuesday.(C) Over lunch time. (D) On Wednesday.Questions 90-92 refer to the following notice.Notice to CustomersDear Customers,Please be advised that from Monday, 3rd October parking at the Breakwater Terminal is $7.00 perday, or part thereof. Tickets and longer parking permits are available for purchase from our ticketing counters inside the Breakwater Terminal from the car park attendant. Enquire about our Monthly Saver Parking Permit or our Yearly Super Parking Permit & start saving now! Thank you and have a great day!Yours Sincerely,SeaLink QLD Management90. The new parking charge starts from _____.(A) October 3 (B) next week (C) next month (D) October 191. The new parking charge for each day is ______.(A) 3 dollars(B) 4 dollars (C) 7 dollars(D) 14 dollars92. Customers can buy a parking ticket _______.(A) online(B) from a car park attendant(C) from a post office (D) in a nearby shopQuestions 93-95 refer to the following preface.This book is intended to provide the students of physical science with help in mastering elementaryphysics, chemistry and earth science. A wide range of topics is covered, so that the reader mayselect those which correspond to his particular interest or needs.Each chapter begins with an outline of its subject. The discussed problems that follow are of twokinds: those that are connected with past development of physics and chemistry, and those thatconcern important facts and ideas in physical science. The supplementary problems at the end givethe reader a chance for practice.Arthur Bird93. The book will help the majors in_______to master the elementary knowledge of physics.(A) elementary science (B) physical science (C) chemistry (D) earth science94. At the beginning of each chapter, there is an outline of _______.(A) the subject(B) the problem (C) the topic(D) the concern95. In each chapter, _____ kinds of problems are discussed.(A) two (B) three(C) four (D) fiveQuestions 96-97 refer to the following memo.Interoffice MemorandumTo: All Members of Staff From: Department Manager Date: April 30, 201296. Whatisthepurpose ofSubject: Unauthorized use of fax machineDespite my previous instructions on the subject, it is obvious that the department faxmachine is still being used for totally unauthorized, private purposes.There were over $500 worth of faxes sent last month that are not for business relatedthis memorandum?(A) To congratulate the staff. (B) To announce a new policy.(C) To show an accounting error.(D) To warn about an improper practice.97. Why does the Department Manager forbid the staff to use the fax machines for private purpose?(A) It cost the department a lot of money.(B) It affected the business of the company.(C) It could only be used by the Department Manager.(D) It is valuable office resources.Questions 98-100 refer to the following chart98. How long is the movie?(A) 1 hours and 45 minutes.(B) 2 hours.(C) 2 hours and 15 minutes. (D) 2 hours and 30 minutes.99. When can viewers watch a news program?(A) 9:30 A.M.(B) 10:30 A.M. (C) 12:30 P.M.(D) 1:30 P.M.100. What is the 8:00 show about?(A) Health(B) Fashion (C) Coffee(D) Travel。

托业桥模拟试题一、听力部分第一节1. What are the office hours today?A. Until 6 pm.B. Until 7 pm.C. Until 8 pm.D. Until 9 pm.2. What will the man do next?A. Go to a meeting.B. Make a phone call.C. Visit a client.D. Write an email.3. Why is the woman calling?A. To make a reservation.B. To change her booking.C. To ask for directions.D. To confirm her flight.第二节4. What does the man offer to do?A. Give a presentation.B. Drive the woman home.C. Help the woman with her work.D. Share the report with the woman.5. Where is the conversation most likely taking place?A. In a restaurant.B. In a taxi.C. In a hotel.D. In an office.6. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Hand in a report.B. Fix a problem.C. Book a flight.D. Prepare a document.第三节7. What service is currently unavailable?A. Breakfast delivery.B. Housekeeping.C. Airport shuttle.D. Room service.8. What is the woman’s problem?A. She spilled coffee on her clothes.B. She lost her luggage at the airport.C. Her hotel room key doesn’t work.D. Her flight was delayed.9. When will the issue be resolved?A. In an hour.B. In half an hour.C. In 15 minutes.D. Immediately.第四节10. Which floor is the man’s office on?A. The 10th floor.B. The 12th floor.C. The 14th floor.D. The 16th floor.11. What is the woman’s job?A. A designer.B. A manager.C. A receptionist.D. A teacher.12. How will the woman find the man’s office?A. By taking the stairs.B. By using the elevator.C. By following the signs.D. By asking for directions.二、阅读部分Passage 1American cuisine is as diverse as its people. The United States of America is a melting pot of cultures from all over the world, and this is reflected in its food. In the northeastern region, seafood is a popular choice due to the proximity to the Atlantic Ocean. Clam chowder, lobster rolls, and fish tacos are some of the regional specialties. In the southern states, barbecue is a staple, with each region having its own unique style. From Texas brisket to Memphis ribs, there is something for every meat lover. In the Midwest, corn is king, and dishes like cornbread, corn pudding, and corn on the cob are enjoyed by many. The West Coast is known for its fresh produce and healthy options. California rolls, avocado toast, and kale salads are just a few examples of the cuisine found in this region.13. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The history of American cuisine.B. The influence of cultures on American food.C. The popularity of seafood in the United States.D. The different types of regional American cuisine.14. According to the passage, which region is known for its barbecue?A. The Midwest.B. The West Coast.C. The Northeast.D. The Southern states.15. What is a staple food in the Midwest?A. Seafood.B. Barbecue.C. Corn.D. Produce.Passage 2Traveling for business can be both exciting and stressful. Here are some tips to help make your business trips more successful. First, always pack light and bring only the essentials. Overpacking can lead to unnecessary stress and additional baggage fees. Second, dress professionally andremember the importance of first impressions. Your appearance can greatly impact how you are perceived by clients and coworkers. Third, plan your itinerary in advance to maximize your time. Make sure to schedule meetings efficiently and allow for flexibility in case of unexpected delays. Lastly, make time for self-care. Business trips can be tiring, so remember to rest, stay hydrated, and eat healthily during your travels.16. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To promote stress relief products.B. To discuss the benefits of business travel.C. To provide tips for successful business trips.D. To compare business and leisure travel.17. According to the passage, what should travelers pack?A. Heavy luggage.B. Non-essential items.C. Light and essential items.D. Snacks and drinks.18. Why is it important to dress professionally during business trips?A. To impress clients and coworkers.B. To save on baggage fees.C. To minimize stress.D. To maximize relaxation.三、写作部分Directions: In this section of the test, you will have 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic below.Question: Some people believe that technology is making our lives easier and more convenient, while others argue that it is making us lazier and less active. Do you think technology has more positive or negative effects on society? Support your opinion with examples and reasons.在生活中，科技是否让我们的生活更轻松更方便一直备受争议。

写作考试样题含答案及解析第一部分口语T1Some college students take classes during the summer. Others take the summer off from school, so that they can rest or work at a job. Which do you think is better for students? Explain why.T2Reading：Allow Students to Park in Faculty Parking LotI would like to propose that students who live off campus and drive to school be allowed to park in the employee parking lot behind Messner Hall, which is currently reserved for university faculty. Finding a parking spot near the Classroom buildings is difficult—we often have to drive around looking for a place to park, which makes us late to class. The faculty lot isn’t fully used—I see a lot of empty spaces there in the morning—and so I don’t think it would be inconvenient for the university to also allow students who drive to school to park there.SincerelyGreg MurphyQuestion：The woman expresses her opinion about the proposal described in the letter. Briefly summarize the proposal then state her opinion about the proposal and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.T3Frustration ToleranceWhen young children are not able to accomplish their goals, they may become frustrated and act inappropriately. However, as children mature, they can learn to manage or tolerate frustration. The development of frustration tolerance allows children to continue to work toward completing tasks, even when their initial attempts are unsuccessful. Parents can help their children develop frustration tolerance by deliberately restricting their own responses to their children’s demands for help. By gradually reducing their response time, parents can teach children to manage their frustration while they keep trying to accomplish their goals, despite any difficulties or setbacks that they may encounter.Question：Using the example from the lecture, explain how parents can help their children develop frustration tolerance.T4Question：Using the examples from the lecture, explain two types of animal social groups第二部分听力Section 11. Why does the student peak with the professor?A. To ask for assistance coming up with an idea for her assignmentB. To go over an article the professor had assignedC. To discuss an architectural concept she would like to work withD. To review her work on a project she recently submitted.2. What point do the speakers make when they discuss the materials used in the iceberg design?A. The materials are designed to help cool the buildingB. The materials are more costly than building materials typically used in urban structuresC. The thickness of materials requires that they be cut with special equipmentD. The amount of materials used reduced the impact on the environment3. Why does the professor mention retail space?A. To explain the cause of city developer’s tax problemB. To introduce the focus of the class’s next model projectC. To point out how quickly modern retail structures are builtD. To provide background on why the iceberg design was created4. What does the professor say about air beams?Click on 2 answersA. They provide support to the icebergB. They are made partly from steelC. They permit an iceberg to assume a variety of shapesD. They take a long time to manufactureListen again to part of the conversation. Then answer the question 5. What can be inferred about the student?A. She was not fully aware of the trip’s dateB. She does not intend to go on the tripC. She had already been to the Frank LIoyd Wright houseD. She would prefer to lead the tour, not be a group member.6. What is the lecture mainly about?A. The life of a famous Italian Renaissance artistB. The history of fresco painting in ItalyC. The creation of a particular work of Renaissance artD. The construction of a typical church of the Italian Renaissance7. According to the professor, what is one advantage of using the fresco technique?A. A fresco can last a long timeB. The materials for making a fresco are inexpensiveC. The fresco technique is easy to learnD. A fresco can be completed quickly8. According to the professor, why is a fresco painted before the plaster dries?A. So that mistakes can be corrected easilyB. So that the paint will sink into the plasterC. So that the colors of the paints can be blended betterD. So that human forms will appear more lifelike9. Why does the professor mention the artist who painted with a paintbrush in each hand?A. To describe how the Sistine Chapel’s ceiling was paintedB. To illustrate the ingenious creativity of Renaissance artistsC. To explain how Michelangelo learned to paintD. To emphasize the need for fresco painters to work quickly10. Why did Michelangelo choose to build footbridges rather than traditional scaffolding when he painted the chapel?A. To accommodate the curved shape of the chapel’s ceilingB. To keep the floor clear for ceremonies in the chapelC. To reach both the walls and the ceiling of the chapelD. To paint while lying on his back for long periods of time11. What does the professor imply when he says thisA. He has suggestions about how students can deal with difficult situationsB. Many people would have been uncomfortable paint ing the chapel’s ceilingC. There was one problem that Michelangelo was unable to overcomeD. Michelangelo’s reputation as a great artist may be somewhat exaggerated Section 21. Why does the woman go to see the man?A. To provide feedback on her previous housing experienceB. To find out how she can participate in a different housing programC. To reapply for housing at the Eco House next semesterD. To get information about a student assistant position2. What is t he woman’s attitude about the Eco House?A. She had hoped it would be more committed to sustainable practicesB. She believes that its program is exactly what she will needC. She thinks its program is too narrow for her academic goalsD. She regrets that residents are only permitted to live there for one year3. What are two advantages that living at the Mary Blake HouseClick on 2 answersA. It would allow her to actively engage with guest scholarsB. It would allow her to create a house theme with other studentsC. She would join a classmate who currently lives at the Mary Blake HouseD. She would have an opportunity to qualify for staff discounts4. Why does the woman mention a journalist?A. To provide background on one of the faculty living at the Mary Blake HouseB. To provide an example of a recent dinner guest at the Mary Blake HouseC. To suggest a way to create publicity for the Mary Blake House programD. To point a Blake House program guest that she would be interested in5. What does the man ask the woman to do?A. Fill out a questionnaire about the Mary Blake House programB. Participate in a review of program houses that is being conductedC. Interview to become a student assistant at the Eco HouseD. Provide feedback about the application process on the Web site6. What does the professor mainly discuss?A. The main achievements of the Voyager spacecraft missionB. Differences between Uranus and other gas giant planetsC. Reasons for the increasing interest of scientists in the planet UranusD. Characteristics of Uranus learned using a variety of methods7. Why does the professor mention the color of Uranus?A. To give an example of a feature that Uranus shares with JupiterB. To give an example of a discovery made by the Voyage spacecraft missionC. To explain how a component of Uranus’ atmosphere was identifiedD. To explain how sunlight affects temperatures on Uranus8. According to the professor, how did astronomers deduce the composition of the planet Uranus?Click on 2 answersA. By calculating Uranus’ densityB. By measuring Uranus’ force of gravityC. By examining the strength of Uranus’ magnetic fieldD. By comparing Uranus with Jupiter9. What features of Uranus do some astronomers think were caused by the planet’s collision with another object? Click on 2 answersA. The composition of its coreB. The angle of its axis of rotationC. Its rapid rotationD. Its low internal temperature10. Why does the professor mention Uranus’ magnetic field?A. To point out a surprising similarity between Uranus and EarthB. To emphasize the limitations of remote observations in astronomyC. To point out a recent discovery about Uranus that contradicts earlier findingsD. To explain one effect of Uranus’ distance from the SunListen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question11. Why does the professor say thisA. To suggest that the student’s question reflects a common mis conceptionB. To remain the student that they will discuss rocky planets in the next class.C. To help the student realize the answer to his own questionD. To encourage the student to clarify what he means12. What is the purpose of the lectureA. To suggest that cryptic patterns in the animal kingdom can be reduced to only a few basic formsB. To explain how cephalopods change cryptic patterns based on their visual perceptionC. To contrast underwater and dryland crypsis strategiesD. To trace the evolution of crypsis in animal as a defense against predators13. What can be inferred about an animal that only uses stipple crypsis?A. It will have a difficult time hiding from predatorsB. It is likely to be of a medium body sizeC. It will tend to avoid areas with multiple colors and patternsD. It will most likely be found close to a seashore14. What happens to some cephalopods when they swim over a gravel patch onthe seafloor?A. They change their skin color to match the color of the darkest pieces of gravelB. They display irregularly shaped dark and light patchesC. They display a disruptive coloration to match the local environmentD. They quickly swim away from the gravel patch15. What features of disruptive crypsis does the professor mention?Click on 2 answersA. It disguises the outline of the animal that uses itB. It works by contrasting with the colors in the surrounding habitatC. It is most effective when used against a single-colored backgroundD. It can incorporate a combination of other crypsis patterns16. Why does the professor mention the tiger?A. To illustrate that results of the cephalopod research can be extended to many other animalsB. To give an example of an animal whose crypsis strategy has been extensively studiedC. To point out how different its crypsis strategy is from the strategy used by smaller animalsD. To argue that predators rely on crypsis less than prey species doListen to part of the lecture. Then answer the question17. What does the professor imply when she says this:A. Crypsis in cephalopods can rarely fool human visual perceptionB. Few animals use crypsis to hide from predatorsC. New information has led to the reevaluation of some previous assumptionsD. More cephalopod research needs to be done to obtain accurate data答案：Section1C D D AC BC A BD B BSection 2B C （AD） D BD C （AD）（BD） B CB C B （AD） A C第三部分写作Argentavis magnificens, the largest bird to have ever inhabited Earth, lived six million years agoin the southern part of South America that roughly corresponds to modern-day Argentina. The bird, which is known only through fossil remains, weighed up to 68 kilograms. There is some debate about whether this bird was able to fly or whether it had lost its ability to fly at some point during its evolution.First, there is the problem of lifting off into the air. Based on its skeleton, the bird's total wingspan was nearly seven meters. Wings this long would have hit the ground if the bird had tried to lift off from a standing position. Modern flying birds have wing-to-body proportions that allow them to take off without hitting the ground with their wings. Second, even if the bird had managed to lift off, it does not appear to have had enough muscle strength to make continuous flight possible. As large as it was, the Argentavis does not appear to have had sufficient muscles to keep its huge wings moving. It is highly improbable that its muscles could move its wings fast enough to keep it in the air for extended periods.Third, according to the theory of evolution, animals only have abilities that give them an advantage in their struggle to survive. Flying would not have given this giant bird any advantage.It did not need to fly in order to escape predators, because of its size it had no predators. It could not use flying to hunt because it would have been such a clumsy and inefficient flier that it could not possibly have captured enough food. The bird, therefore, probably lost the ability to fly during its evolution.独立Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: There is never a good reason to be impolite (rude) to other people.第四部分阅读Artisans in Sixteenth-Century EuropeFor centuries European artisans had operated in small, autonomous handcraft businesses, but by the sixteenth century an evolving economic system—moving toward modern capitalism, with its free-market pricing, new organization of production, investments, and so on—had started to erode their stable and relatively prosperous position. What forces contributed to the decline of the artisan?In a few industries, there appeared technological innovations that costmore to install and operate than artisans—even associations of artisans—could afford. For example, in iron production, such specialized equipment as blast furnaces, tilt hammers, wiredrawing machines, and stamping, rolling, and slitting mills became more familiar components of the industry. Thus, the need for fixed capital (equipment and buildings used in production) soared. Besides these items, expensive in their own right, facilities for water, storage, and deliveries were needed. In addition, pig (raw) iron turned out by blast furnaces could not be forged until refined further in a new intermediate stage. In late sixteenth-century Antwerp, where a skilled worker earned 125 to 250 guilders a year, a large blast furnace alone cost 3,000 guilders, and other industrial equipment was equally or more expensive.Raw materials, not equipment, constituted artisans’ major expense in most traders, however. ■Whereas in 1583 an Antwerp silk weaver paid 12 guilders for a loom (and made small payments over many years to pay off the debt for purchasing the loom), every six weeks he or she had to lay out 24 guilders for the 2 pounds of raw silk required to make a piece of cloth. ■Thus access to cheap and plentiful primary materials was a constant preoccupation for independent producers. ■Using local materials might allow even the poorest among them to avoid reliance on merchant suppliers. ■The loss of nearby sources could therefore be devastating. As silk cultivation waned around the Spanish cities of Cordoba and Toledo, weavers in these cities were forced to becomeemployees of merchants who put out raw silk from Valencia and Murcia provinces. In the Dutch Republic, merchants who imported unprocessed salt from France, Portugal, and Spain gained control of the salt-refining industry once exploitation of local salt marshes was halted for fear that dikes (which held back the sea from the low-lying Dutch land) would be undermined.Credit was necessary for production but created additional vulnerabilities for artisans. Prices for industrial products lagged behind those of raw materials and foodstuffs, and this, coupled with rising taxes, made it difficult for many producers to repay their creditors. Periodic downturns, when food prices shot up and demand for manufactures fell off, drove them further into debt or even into bankruptcy, from which they might emerge only by agreeing to sell their products exclusively to merchants or fellow artisans who extended them loans. Frequent enough during periods of growth, such credit crises became deeper and lasted longer after about 1570, as did war-related disruptions of raw-material supplies and markets.Artisans’ autonomy was imperiled, too, by restrictions on their access to markets. During the sixteenth century, a situation like this often resulted from the concentration of export trade in a few great storage and distribution centers. The disappearance of regional markets where weavers in Flanders (what is now northern Belgium) had previously bought flax and sold linen left them at the mercy of big-city middlemen, who quickly turned them into domesticworkers. In a similar fashion, formerly independent producers in southern Wiltshire in England, who had bought yarn from spinners or local brokers and sold their cloth to merchants in nearby Salisbury, became subject to London merchants who monopolized both wool supplies and woolens exports.With good reason, finally, urban artisans feared the growth of industries in the countryside. For one thing, they worried that the spread of village crafts would reduce their supply of raw materials, driving up prices. City producers also knew that rural locations enjoyed lower living costs, wages, and taxes, and often employed fewer or simplified processes. These advantages became a major preoccupation as competition intensified in the 1570s and 1580s.1. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.□In the sixteenth century, the European economy moved toward a system of free-market pricing, new ways of production, and investments.□ Before the sixteenth century, European makers of handcrafts enjoyed stability, autonomy, and relative prosperity.□ By the sixteenth century, the rise of capitalism began to weaken the autonomy and relative prosperity of European artisans.□European artisans operated small, autonomous businesses before modern capitalism emerged in the sixteenth century.2. According to paragraph 2, how did technological advances contribute to the economic decline of artisans?□ Artisans had no place to store or use the new machines.□Goods produced by the new technology were cheaper than those produced by artisans.□ The fixed costs of remaining in business became very high.□ Artisans did not know how to use the new machines.3. The word “preoccupation” in the passage is closest in meaning to□ necessity□ concern□ struggle□ uncertainty4. In paragraph 3, why does the author provide the information about an Antwerp silk weaver’s costs in 1583?□ To describe some typical costs in the silk-weaving industry□To support the statement that artisans’ main expense was materials, not equipment□ To argue against the view that artisans did not have to borrow money to buy equipment□ To show that materials were cheap and plentiful for most artisans5. According to paragraph 3, which of the following was sometimes an effect on artisans of the loss of local sources of their primary materials?□ They had to sell their products to merchants.□ They needed to take loans in order to buy the materials from merchants.□They could no longer afford to be independent producers. □ They imported the materials from distant sources.6. According to paragraph 4, all of the following caused economic difficulties for artisans EXCEPT□ decreasing availability of credit□ decreased demand for manufactured goods□ increased taxes□ problems caused by wars7. Paragraph 5 supports which of the following statements about artisans during the sixteenth century?□ They had difficulty transporting their goods to the best markets.□ They were at a disadvantage because the concentration of supplies and exports was in the hands of big-city merchants.□ They received higher wages as employees of big-city merchants.□ They were able to obtain raw materials from local merchants.8. All of the following are identified in paragraph 6 as concerns that urban artisans had about the growth of industry in the countryside EXCEPT□ a decrease in the supply of raw materials□ a cheaper cost of living in the countryside□ a more manageable level of competition□ less complex production processes in the countryside9. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.This was possible because when transportation costs were low, the price of rawmaterials was generally also low.Where would the sentence best fit? Cl ick on a square [■] to add the sentence to the passage.10. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong. To review the passage, click on View Text.Answer choice1. Artisans’ ability to earn profits was restricted by their dependence on creditors, to whom they were forced to sell their goods, and by competition from rural areas.2. As industries came under the control of merchants, artisans lostaccess to cheap raw materials, and they had to borrow money to buy the materials they needed from merchant suppliers.3. In the new industrial system from which skilled artisans were progressively excluded, the quality of manufactured items gradually declined.4. Advances in technology in some industries increased the cost of the equipment, buildings, and facilities that artisans needed for producing and selling their goods.5. Iron production in the sixteenth century depended on new inventions such as blast furnaces, tilt hammers, wire-drawing machines, and stamping, rolling, and silting mills.6. The rising prices of food and other necessities often left artisans without enough money to pay their taxes and other business expenses.Earth’s AtmosphereEarth’s atmosphere has changed through time. Compared to the Sun, whose composition is representative of the raw materials from which Earth and other planets in our solar system formed, Earth contains less of some volatile elements, such as nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, and helium. These elements were lost when the envelope of gases, or primary atmosphere, that surrounded early Earth, was stripped away by the solar wind or by meteorite impacts, or both. Little by little, the planet generated a new, secondary atmosphere by volcanicoutgassing of volatile materials from its interior.Volcanic outgassing continues to be the main process by which volatile materials are released from Earth—although it is now going on at a much slower rate. The main chemical constituent of volcanic gases (as much as 97 percent of volume) is water vapor, with varying amounts of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and other gases. In fact, the total volume of volcanic gases released over the past 4 billion years or so is believed to account for the present composition of the atmosphere with one important exception: oxygen. Earth had virtually no oxygen in its atmosphere more than 4 billion years ago, but the atmosphere is now approximately 21 percent oxygen.Traces of oxygen were probably generated in the early atmosphere by the breakdown of water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen by ultraviolet light (a process called photo dissociation). Although this is an important process, it cannot begin to account for the present high levels of oxygen in the atmosphere. Almost all of the free oxygen now in the atmosphere originated through photosynthesis, the process whereby plants use light energy to induce carbon dioxide to react with water, producing carbohydrates and oxygen.Oxygen is a very reactive chemical, so at first most of the free oxygen produced by photosynthesis was combined with iron in ocean water to form iron oxide-bearing minerals. The evidence of the gradual transition from oxygen-poor to oxygen-rich water is preserved in seafloor sediments. The minerals inseafloor sedimentary rocks that are more than about 2.5 billion years old contain reduced (oxygen-poor) iron compounds. In rocks that are less than 1.8 billion years old, oxidized (oxygen-rich) compounds predominate. The sediments that were precipitated during the transition contain alternating bands of red (oxidized iron) and black (reduced iron) minerals. These rocks are called banded-iron formations. Because ocean water is in constant contact with the atmosphere, and the two systems function together in a state of dynamic equilibrium, the transition from an oxygen-poor to an oxygen-rich atmosphere also must have occurred during this period.Along with the buildup of molecular oxygen (O2) came an eventual increase in ozone (O3) levels in the atmosphere. ■Because ozone filters out harmful ultraviolet radiation, this made it possible for life to flourish in shallow water and finally on land. ■This critical state in the evolution of the atmosphere was replaced between 1100 and 542 million years ago. ■Interestingly, the fossil record shows an explosion of life forms 542 million years ago.■Oxygen has continued to play a key role in the evolution and form of life. Over the last200 million years, the concentration of oxygen has risen from 10 percent to as much as 25 percent of the atmosphere, before setting (probably not permanently) at its current value of 21 percent. This increase has benefitedmammals, which are voracious oxygen consumers. Not only do we require oxygen to fuel our high-energy, warm-blooded metabolism, our unique reproductive system demands even more. An expectant mother’s used (venous) blood must still have enough oxygen in it to diffuse through the placenta into her unborn child’s bloodstream. It would be very difficult for any mammal species to survive in an atmosphere of only 10 percent oxygen.Geologists cannot yet be certain why the atmospheric oxygen levels increased, but they have a hypothesis. First, photosynthesis is only one part of the oxygen cycle. The cycle is completed by decomposition, in which organic carbon combines with oxygen and forms carbon dioxide. But if organic matter is buried as sediment before it fully decomposes, its carbon is no longer available to react with the free oxygen. Thus there will be a net accumulation of carbon in sediments and of oxygen in the atmosphere.1. In paragraph 1, why does the author state that Earth has less nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, and helium than the Sun?▢ To argue that these elements were once part of an early atmosphere, which disappeared▢To suggest that these elements were drawn into the Sun’s atmosphere▢To provide evidence that Earth’s original atmosphere came primarily from meteorites▢To support the claim that Earth’s atmosphere would have changed even moreif it had contained more volatile elements2. According to paragraph 2, the history of volcanic outgassing cannot explain which of the following?▢ The lack of oxygen in the atmosphere 4 billion years ago▢ The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere today▢ The proportions of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere today ▢ The present abundance of oxygen in the atmosphere3. Paragraph 3 suggests which of the following about the process of Photo dissociation?▢ It is more common today than it was in the early history of the atmosphere.▢ It is responsible for only a small amount of the oxygen in the atmosphere today.▢It removes trace amounts of oxygen from the atmosphere. ▢It produces more free oxygen than photosynthesis does.4. The word “gradual” in the passage is closest in meaning to▢ critical▢ original▢ beneficial▢ slow5. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning。