九年级上册 Unit 1 How can we become good learners 写作课课件15

中药的炮制起源摘要关键词中国医学科学是数千年来中华民族祖先在生活实践和同疾病抗争过程中的经验总结,中药饮片炮制技术也就是在这一抗病用药的基础上创造发展积累起来的但它的出现还应考虑到具备如下的条件:一是天然药物的发现;二是熟食法的出现:三是酿酒的发明:四是陶器的发明:五是中药古制削汤液的创制等。

1天然药物的发现在人类求生存找寻食物的过程中,当采集野生植物的器官如植物的果实、枝叶,根类或穿猎野兽肉类,捕鱼等所获得食物等充饥时偶然误食了一些具有强烈生理反应的食物而引起中毒症状,特别是对胃肠和神经系玩症状的出现,如呕吐、服泻、麻木和昏迷进等由此发现和认识了一些有毒植物或动物,由于在自然界活动中,人类主观能动性的增强,对外界物事反唤的加深,进而在继续找寻食物时就会有意识地加以选择和取舍了,这种在生存活动中之日的俩然遭遇,积累了原始保健的意识,许多动植物被还渐作为抗病相的药物了,所以古代曾称药物为“毒药”.继后随着人类对天然药物和的发现和药物对机体作用意识的积累,同时人类在长期生产劳动段的过程中,为了改生活条件,相继创造了农耕畜牧的方法和技术,进而在有意识种植谷物和菜及训化家禽过程中,主动地去识别和尝试各种动植物,以分辨哪些动植物无毒可供食用,哪些动制物是有毒的,有毒的则选作药用,所以有“神农尝百草发明药“之就是说。

就此可知天然药物的发现,亦就是用药医病的开端,这些与原始人类的生产劳动和农耕畜牧技术的发明分不开。

随着医药技术的进步,为了更好地发挥药效作用,而后又将天药物进行一定的采集加工。

相传在我国黄帝时期中就记有以辨其报茎叶,花实等形态,颜色、及花期、果期等,为了服用方便就将药物进行清洗,劈成小块或蛙捣成粗粒等简单加工,进而这些简单加工技能逐步积累和发展成早期中药饮片炮制的“净洗法”和“切法”1.1熟食的出现人类对进化史上的自然火的控制,利用、保存以至人工取火的发明,是人类一大进步,我国古代平就有“钻木取火“的传说。

Unit 1How can we become good learners?第一课时Section A (1a-2d）►by asking the teacher for help通过向老师寻求帮助(的方式)①by介词,意为“通过……方式,途径,手段”,后常接名词、代词或v.­ing形式,对该短语提问应用how。

②ask sb. for sth. 向某人要求某物;要求某人……►【辨析】aloud,loud与loudly这三个词都可以用作副词,都有“大声地”的意思。

①aloud多指提高声音让别人听见,常与read,call等连用,无比较级。

②loud侧重指发出的音量大,传得远,常与talk,speak等连用,有比较级。

【拓展】loud还可作形容词,意为“响亮的,大声的”。

③loudly侧重指声音很大,很喧闹,很吵。

eg：Reading aloud is a good way to learn English.大声朗读是学习英语的一个好方法。

Can you speak a little louder？你能大点声说话吗？The telephone kept ringing loudly.电话铃一直大声地响。

►too...to...太……而不能……too为副词,后接形容词或副词的原级;to为不定式符号,后接动词原形。

eg：He is too young to go to school.他太小了,不能上学。

►patient形容词,意为“有耐心的”,常用于短语be patient with中,意为“对……有耐心”。

eg：You should be more patient with your children.你应当对你的孩子更有耐心。

【拓展】作名词,意为“病人”。

►重点词组归纳the＋比较级,the＋比较级越……,越……study for a test备考spoken English英语口语give a report作报告at first起初word by word逐词地;逐字逐句地一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。

Unit 1 How can we become good learners?单元写作小专题＆Section B(3a～3b)【单元写作目标】本单元的话题是“Learning how to learn（学会如何学习）”。

我们应当注意日常学习中的方式、方法，注重积累，养成良好的习惯。

写作时，要注意以下几个方面：1．从日常学习中积累学习方法。

2．灵活运用本单元所学的有关语言学习方法的语句。

3．对每个学习方法进行阐述或拓展。

★单元写作素材（一）单元话题短语积累1．和……用英语交谈____________________________________________2．记英语单词____________________________________________3．擅长____________________________________________4．不擅长____________________________________________5．在……上有困难____________________________________________6．养成大声阅读的习惯____________________________________________7．在语法方面犯错____________________________________________8．练习说英语____________________________________________9．害怕做某事____________________________________________10．相信自己____________________________________________11．取得进步____________________________________________（二）单元话题句子积累12. 熟能生巧。

Unit 1 How can we become good learners?我们如何成为好的学习桌?知识详解Section Aby asking the teacher for help 通过向老师求助(教材P1 1a) by doing sth.通过做某事讲by作介词,意为＂通过＂,表示方式或方法.»We knew more about ice and snow sports by watching the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.通过观看北京2022年冬奥会,我们了解了更多关于冰雪运动的知识.ask (sb.)for help(向某人)求助ask sb.for sth.恳求某人给予某物ask for sth.请求／要求给予某物»Alan often asks for help when he is in trouble.遇到麻烦时,艾伦经常请求帮助.(天津中考)»We'd better not always ask our parents for money.我们最好不要总是向父母要钱.拓ask 作动词时的其他用法:ask sb.(not)to do sth.要求某人(不要)做某事ask(sb.)about sb./sth.(向某人)询问关于某人／某事物的情况ask sb.sth.询问某人某事»An old man asked the kids not to step on the grass,一位老人让那些孩子别踩踏草坪.»Visitors usually ask about the history of the old wall.游客们常常问起这座古城墙的历史.»I asked someone the way to the station.我向人询问了去车站的路.Do you have conversations with friends in English?你和朋友用英语交谈吗? (教材P2 2a) conversation.交谈;谈话讲[C]&[U]常指非正式场合下的谈话.»This is a private conversation.这是一次私人谈话.»By reading we enrich the mind; by conversation we polish it.读书使人充实,交谈使人精明.拓含conversation的常用短语:have a conversation with...与······交谈be in conversation with...在与······交谈make conversation 找话谈»When we are in a low mood, having a conversation with others is of great help.当我们情绪低落时,与他人交谈是很有帮助的.»He is in conversation with Jerry,他在与杰里交谈.»I tried to make conversation.我设法找些话题.What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?朗读练习发音怎么样? (教材P22a) aloud/ə'laud/adv.大声地;出声地»He read the letter from his elder brother aloud to his parents.他把他哥哥的来信大声地念给他父母听.辨aloud, loud 与loudly语境串记Tom is talking with his friend in a loud voice. Sam is listening to music, but it is too loud. The baby is crying aloud in the bedroom. At the same time, the telephone is ringing loudly,汤姆正在和他的朋友大声交谈.萨姆正在听音乐,但音乐太吵了.婴儿正在卧室里大声地哭.与此同时,电话铃正大声地响着.practice v.& n.练习;训练讲(1)[动词]练习practice+ n./pron.练习·····practice doing sth.练习做某事»More than 100 million people in over 150 countries practice Tai Chi at present.目前,150多个国家的1亿多人练习太极拳.»You need to practice speaking every day if you hope to improve your spoken English.如果你希望提高你的英语口语水平,你需要每天练习说.巧学妙记后跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)忙于完成已习惯(be busy, finish, be/get used to)考虑建议弃思念(consider, suggest/advise, give up, miss)继续练习不禁想(keep, practice, can't help, feel like)介意避免和喜欢(mind, avoid, enjoy)(2)[名词］练习;训练»There is a basketball practice every Sunday afternoon,每周日下午都有篮球训练.»I'm sure you'll do better with enough practice.我相信只要你多加练习,你一定会做得更好.谚Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧.特别提醒在英式英语中,动词用practise,名词用practice.在美式英语中,动词和名词都用practice.典例1 (2022·岳阳中考)Many students practice________ in the morning because of the P.E. exam.A. runB. runningC.ran解析;句意;因为体育考试许多学生在早上练习跑步.practice doing sth."练习做某事＂,故选B. pronunciation/prə,nʌnsi'eɪʃn/n.发音;读音»The word has two pronunciations.这个单词有两种读音.»The girl is practicing her pronunciation.这个女孩正在练习她的发音.拓pronounce[动词］发音;读(音)»Who can tell me how to pronounce this word?谁能告诉我这个单词怎么发音?语境串记You pronounced these words correctly and the teacher said your pronunciation was excellent.这些单词你读得很正确,老师说你的发音好极了.动词不定式(短语)作目的状语讲本句中to practice pronunciation 作目的状语.动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时,可放在句首,也可放在句末,表示“为了······”.»To make a study of kangaroos, he came to Australia.为了研究袋鼠,他来到了澳大利亚.»People often search online to find the right restaurant.人们经常在网上搜索以找到合适的餐厅.典例2 (2022·南通中考)We should have a healthy diet, proper exercise and enough sleep_______ fit.A. keepingB. to keepC. keepD. kept解析:句意:为了保持健康,我们应该有健康的饮食、适当的锻炼和充足的睡眠.此处是动词不定式短语作目的状语,故选B.It's too hard to understand spoken English.听懂英语口语太难了. (教材P2 2b) It's+adj. +to do sth.讲该结构意为“做某事是······的”,其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式(短语).»It is necessary to learn to manage time and make good use of every minute.学会管理时间并充分利用每一分钟是很有必要的.语境串记It's necessary for me to do eye exercises and it's really nice of you to teach me,对我来说做眼保健操很有必要,你能教我真好.典例3按要求改写句子,每空一词.(南通中考)Amy often donates(捐赠)money to charities, She is helpful.(保持句意基本不变)It is_______ ________ Amy to donate money to charities.解析:helpful(乐于助人的)为表示人的性格、品行的形容词,故此处用＂It is+adj.+to do sth,"句型,表示＂某人做某事是·····的＂.答案为helpful of.spoken English 英语口语讲spoken 是由speak的过去分词转化成的形容词,意为“口语的,口头的”,在此处作定语,修饰English.»My spoken English is not very good.我的英语口语不太好.语境串记I want to go to English-speaking countries to improve my spoken English.我想去讲英语的国家提高我的英语口语水平.Annie, I'm a little nervous.安妮,我有点儿紧张. (教材P2 2d) a little 少许,一点讲 a little 在句中修饰形容词nervous,相当于a bit 或kind of.辨 a little 与a bit»I drank a little water just now. =I drank a bit of water just now.我刚才喝了一点儿水.»Their shapes look the same, but their sizes are a little different.它们的形状看起来一样,但大小有点不同.»At first, we were both a bit shy.起初,我们都有点害羞.»Get up a bit/a little earlier, and you will see the star.起早一点,你就会看到那颗星星.Just read quickly to get the main ideas at first.起初只需要快速阅读,理解大意. (教材P2 2d) at first 起初辨at first 与first of all»At first I didn't want to go, but soon I changed my mind.起初我不想去,但我很快改变了主意.»First of all, let me ask you something.首先,让我问你点事情.Don't read word by word.不要逐词去读. (教材P2 2d) word by word 逐字地,一字一字地讲此处by表示逐渐的变化,意为＂(一个)接着(一个)＂.类似的短语还有:»Day by day, he grew weaker.他一天比一天虚弱.»His English is improving little by little/bit by bit.他的英语水平正在一点一点地提高.Well, be patient.哦,耐心点儿. (教材P2 2d) patient/'peɪʃnt/adj.有耐心的n.病人讲(1)[形容词］有耐心的be patient with sb.对某人有耐心»Doctor Wu is always patient with people in need of help.吴大夫对需要帮助的人总是很有耐心.»Our English teacher is nice and patient though she is very strict with us.虽然我们的英语老师对我们很严格,但她很好,也很有耐心.(2)[名词］病人»The patient is seriously ill.这个病人病得很重.拓与patient相关的词:patient adj.有耐心的impatient adj. 没有耐心的patiently adv. 耐心地patience n.耐心语境串记Mr. White is a patient doctor. He always examines his patients patiently. Most of them like his patience. But some of them are too impatient to wait too long.怀特先生是一位有耐心的医生.他总是耐心地给他的病人做检查.大部分病人喜欢他的耐心,但也有些病人太没有耐心而不愿等太久.典例4 (2022·海南中考)-Mum, I can't take care of Mary. She is crying all the time.-Try to be_______, Jack. Your little sister is ill.A. patientB. seriousC. excited解析:句意:＂妈妈,我照顾不了玛丽.她一直在哭.＂＂尽量耐心点儿,杰克.你的小妹妹病了.＂patient"耐心的＂;serious"严肃的＂;excited"激动的＂.根据＂She is crying all the time"可推断,玛丽一直在哭,杰克没有耐心了,故选A.The more you read, the faster you'll be.你读得越多,(你的)速度就会越快. (教材P2 2d) the+比较级,the+比较级讲”the＋比较级,the+比较级＂意为＂越······,越·…..".»The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.你锻炼得越多,你就会越健康.»The more you read, the more things you will know.你读得越多,你知道的东西就会越多.典例5________ you are,________ mistakes you will make in the exam.A. The more carefully; the fewerB. The more careful; the fewerC. The less careless; the lessD. The less carelessly; the less解析;句意:你越仔细,考试中犯的错误就越少.根据are可知第一空用形容词,排除A、D两项.careful"细心的＂,careless"粗心的＂;mistake是可数名词,应用fewer修饰.故选B.Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?为什么魏芬发现学英语很难? (教材P33a) find it +adj. +to do sth讲该结构中,it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语,形容词在句中作宾语补足语.»If you find it hard to start a talk, you can say something nice about people around you. 如果你发现开始一段谈话很难,你可以说一些赞美周围人的话.拓＂find it + be +adj.(＋for sb.)+to do sth."为＂find+宾语从句＂结构,其中it在宾语从句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语;形容词在宾语从句中作表语.»We find it is boring to listen to the long speech. 我们发现听那个冗长的演讲很无聊.典例6 (营口中考)We find_______ more useful for students to do new eye exercises.A. itB. thisC. oneD. that解析;句意;我们发现学生做新的眼保健操更有用.find it +adj. (＋for sb.) +to do sth.表示＂发现(某人)做某事是······的＂,故选A.What is the secret to language learning? 语言学习的秘诀是什么? (教材P33a)secret/'si:krət/n.秘密;秘诀adj.秘密的;保密的讲(1)[名词］秘密;秘诀the secret to/of (doing)sth.(做)某事的秘诀keep a/the secret 保守秘密»The secret to learning English is to use it every day.学习英语的秘诀是天天使用它.»You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success.人务必相信自我,这是成功的秘诀.(Charlie Chaplin 查理·卓别林)»I promised Li Ming I would keep the secret to myself.我答应李明我会保守这个秘密.特别提醒the secret to...中to作介词,表示所属关系,意为＂…….的＂.类似用法还有:»the key to the lock 锁的钥匙»the answer to the question 问题的答案(2)[形容词]秘密的;保密的secretly[副词]秘密地»These cookies are made according to a secret recipe.这些曲奇饼是根据一个秘方做的.»Susan went into her bedroom and ate chocolate secretly, not letting her parents know that.苏珊走进卧室,偷偷地吃了巧克力,不让她的父母知道.典例7根据所给汉语和提示词完成句子.(宜昌中考)依我之见,多阅读是提高语言能力的秘诀之一.(secret)In my opinion, reading more is one of_______ improving your language ability.答案:the secrets of/toThe teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.老师讲得太快以至于大部分时间我都听不懂. (教材P33a) so...that...如此······以至于······讲so,..that...引导结果状语从句.其中so为副词,修饰形容词或副词.常见结构有:so+adj./adv.+that从句so+auj.+a/an+可数名数名词单数＋that从句so+many/few/much/little(少)＋名词＋that从句»He is so young that he can't dress himself.他太小了,不能自己穿衣服.»She is so clever a girl that nobody else in her class can beat her at chess.她是如此聪明的一个女孩,以至于班上没有其他人能在国际象棋上赢过她.»I have so few friends here that I feel very lonely.我在这儿没什么朋友,以至于感到很孤独.拓such.,. that...也表示“如此······以至于······”,可与so...that...结构相互转换.但此处such为限定词,修饰名词.常见结构有:such +a/an+adj.+可数名词单数＋that从句such+adj.+可数名词复数／不可数名词＋that从句»It is so difficult a question that we can't work it out. = It is such a difficult question that we can't work it out.这个问题太难了,以至于我们解不出来.典例8根据所给提示完成句子,每空一词.(重庆中考A卷)重庆如此美丽,以至于每年都有成千上万的人来参观.(完成译句)Chongqing is________ beautiful_________ thousands of tourists visit it every year.答案:so; thatI was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation.因为我的发音很糟糕,所以我害怕提问题.(教材P3 3a) be afraid to do sth.不敢做某事辨be afraid to do sth.与be afraid of doing sth.语境串记The little girl is afraid to go across the log. And the boy is afraid of falling off it.这个小女孩不敢从这根木头上过去,而这个男孩害怕从上面掉下来.拓I'm afraid that...恐怕······I'm afraid so.恐怕是这样.I'm afraid not.恐怕不是这样.»It is raining hard. I am afraid that we can't get to the airport on time.雨下得很大,恐怕我们不能按时到达机场了. »-Are you coming to play your violin?你要来拉小提琴吗?-I'm afraid not, Carl. I have to finish my report today.恐怕不行,卡尔.我今天得完成我的报告.Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story.后来有一天我看了一部名叫《玩具总动员》的英文电影. (教材P33a) 过去分词短语作后置定语讲句中called Toy Story为过去分词短语,作后置定语,修饰an English movie, call 与an English movie 之间是动宾关系.过去分词短语作定语修饰名词时,通常放在名词的后面,相当于一个定语从句.»I borrowed a book (which was) written by Mark Twain from the library.我从图书馆借了一本马克·吐温写的书. »The boy(who is) named/called Tony is my cousin.那个叫托尼的男孩是我的堂弟.I fell in love with this exciting and funny movie!我爱上了这部既令人兴奋又有趣的电影！(教材P3 3a) fall in love with 爱上······讲fall in love with 后可接sb,或sth.,表示动作,不可与时间段连用.»The mountains and rivers in Guilin were so colorful that he fell in love with the city at once.桂林的山水如此绚丽,他立刻爱上了这座城市.拓be in love with 表示＂与······相爱＂,强调状态,可与表示一段时间的状语连用.»They have been in love with each other for twenty years.他们已经彼此相爱二十年了.典例9 完成句子.(2022·无锡中考)小汤姆一看到这幅剪纸作品就爱上了这种艺术形式.Little Tom________________ the art form as soon as he saw the paper-cutting.答案:fell in love withAlthough I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning.尽管我不能理解(电影中)人物所说的每句话,但是他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情帮助我理解了意思. (教材P3 3a) help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事»Can you help me(to) do my homework? =Can you help me with my homework?你能帮助我做家庭作业吗?拓help的常见用法还有:名词:with the help of...在······的帮助下动词:help oneself(to sth.)随便吃／喝(某物) can't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事»With the help of Linda, I finished reading Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.在琳达的帮助下,我读完了《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》.»Please help yourself to some juice.请随便喝点儿果汁吧.»Hearing that good news, I can't help dancing.听到那个好消息,我情不自禁地跳起了舞.although 引导的让步状语从句讲although 作连词,意为＂尽管;虽然＂,引导让步状语从有although或though,句,一般情况下可与though进行互换.although 较正式,常用于句首,而though多用于非正式场合.»Although the sun was shining, it wasn't very warm.尽管太阳高照,却不很暖和.»They live happily though they are poor.他们虽然贫困,但生活得很快乐.典例10 (2022·重庆中考B卷)_________ Zhang Guimei isn't in good health, she works hard to help her students.A. AlthoughB. IfC. BecauseD. When解析;句意;虽然张桂梅身体不好,但她努力工作以帮助她的学生.although"虽然＂;if"如果＂;because"因为＂;when"当······时＂.前后内容之间构成让步关系,用Although引导让步状语从句,故选A.My pronunciation improved as well by listening to the conversations in English movies.通过听英文电影中的对话,我的发音也得到了改善. (教材P3 3a) as well也;还»She can sing, and she can dance as well.=She can sing, and she can dance, too. =She can sing, and she can also dance.她会唱歌,也会跳舞.»He didn't know the answer. I didn't know either,他不知道答案.我也不知道.I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning.我发现听一些有趣的东西是语言学习的秘诀. (教材P3 3a) discover/dɪ'skʌvə(r)/v.发现;发觉»Tom discovered the door was not locked. He opened it!汤姆发现门没有锁,他打开了门！动词-ing(短语)作主语讲本句为主从复合句,that引导宾语从句.在此宾语从句中,listening to something interesting作主语.单个的动词-ing(短语)作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.»Having a robot at home sounds interesting.家里有一个机器人听起来很有意思.»Traveling by plane is faster than going by car.乘飞机旅行比坐汽车旅行更快捷.形容词修饰不定代词讲当形容词修饰something、nothing、anything、somebody等不定代词时,要放在不定代词之后.»Did you meet anyone interesting in the yard?你在院子里遇见什么有趣的人了吗?»Can you give me something useful? 你能给我一些有用的东西吗?拓当形容词修饰somewhere、anywhere、nowhere等地点副词时,也应放在地点副词之后.»Do you plan to go anywhere different for your winter vacation?寒假你计划去什么与众不同的地方吗?典例11 (2022·云南中考)I advise you not to show________ on WeChat because it may cause trouble.A. anything personalB. personal anythingC. something personalD. personal something解析:句意:我建议你不要在微信上展示任何私人的东西,因为这可能会引起麻烦.something 常用于肯定句;anything常用于否定句和疑问句.根据空前的not可知用anything;形容词修饰复合不定代词时,应后置.故选A.①It's a piece of cake 小菜一碟(教材P3 3a)②It serves you right你活该(教材P3 3a) 英语习语讲 a piece of cake 和serve sb. right都是英语的习惯用语,也可称作习语(idiom),类似于汉语的成语.习语是人们在长期的语言运用中确定或形成的一种固定表达方式,所表达的意思不能仅从字面上理解.常见的英语习语有:Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌.Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高.No pain, no gain.不劳则无获.Actions speak louder than words.行动胜于言辞.Put all your eggs in one basket.孤注一掷.It never rains but it pours.祸不单行.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.人乡随俗.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情.But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in a dictionary.但是因为我想了解这个故事,所以我查了一下词典. (教材P3 3a) look up(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅;抬头看讲(1)此处意为“查阅＂,可接名词或代词作宾语.宾语如果为代词,要放在look和up之间;如果是名词,放在look和up之间或up之后均可.»He looked up a number in his phone.(=He looked a number up in his phone.)他在手机里查了一个号码.»Can you look it up on the website?你能在网站上查一下它吗?(2)意为＂抬头看＂,常和from连用.»She looked up from her book as I entered the room.我进房间时,她从书本上抬起头来看了看.拓look的常见短语还有:look after 照顾look for 寻找look around 环顾look like 看起来像look through 快速查看;浏览look over查看;检查look forward to 盼望look out 小心典例12 (2022·鄂州中考)-I think it's a good habit to________ new words in a dictionary.-Yes, that's helpful to us.A. look afterB. look upC. look atD. look for解析:句意:＂我认为在词典中查生词是个好习惯.＂＂是的,那对我们有帮助.＂look after"照顾＂;look up"查阅＂;look at"看＂;look for" 寻找＂.根据空后的new words可知此处表示＂查阅生词＂,故选B.I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.我想学习新单词和更多的语法,以便我能更好地理解英文电影.目的状语从句(教材P3 3a) so that 引导目的状语从句讲so that 意为＂以便,为了”,常用来引导目的状语从句,可与in order that 互换.»He got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus. = He got up early this morning in order that he could catch the early bus.为了能赶上早班公交车,他今天早上起得很早.辨so that 与so.,, that...»Li Lei studied hard so that he could pass the exam,李雷努力学习以便能通过考试.(引导目的状语从句)»Li Lei studied hard, so that he passed the exam.李雷努力学习,因此他通过了考试.(引导结果状语从句)»She spoke so quietly that I could hardly hear her.她说话声小得我几乎听不见.典例13 (2022·成都中考)Mary has learned a lot about the history of Sichuan_______ she can be a tour guide.A. even ifB. as soon asC. so that解析:句意:玛丽了解了很多关于四川的历史,以便她能当导游.even if"即使＂;as soon as“一······就＂;so that"以便,为了＂.了解四川历史的目的是当导游,故此处用so that引导目的状语从句,故选C.By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot.通过记笔记、做练习和大量阅读. (教材P4 4a) note/nəut/n.笔记;记录v.注意;指出讲(1)[可数名词]笔记;记录(此处用法)指＂(听讲或读书等时的)笔记,记录＂时,通常用复数形式notes.take/make notes 记笔记»Taking notes in class is a good way to help you review what you have learned.课堂上做笔记是帮助你复习所学知识的好方法.(2)[及物动词]注意;指出其后可跟名词、代词或that从句.»He noted the time when they left the building.他们离开大楼的时候,他留意了一下时间.»The report noted that the most successful companies had the lowest prices.报告指出最成功的公司价格最低.拓note 作名词时的其他含义:(1)短笺;便条.a thank you note 感谢信(2)注释;批注.notes of an article 文章注释(3)纸币.a£5 note一张面值为5英镑的纸币(4)音调;音符.high/low notes 高／低音Section BI can't always understand spoken English.我并非总能听懂英语口语. (教材P5 1a) 部分否定讲此处not always表示＂并非总是＂.当not与both、always、all、everyone、everything 等词连用时,表示部分否定.»Not everyone likes this book.并非每个人都喜欢这本书.»He is not always so generous.他并不总是如此慷慨.特别提醒若把含有all/everybody/everything/always等的句子变为全部否定,需要把这些词改为其相应的反义词或否定词.如:all→ none everybody→ nobodyeverything→ nothing always→ never»Everybody is here.所有人都在这里.→(全部否定)Nobody is here.没人在这里.I don't know how to increase my reading speed.我不知道怎样提高我的阅读速度. (教材P5 1a) “疑问词＋动词不定式”结构讲本句中＂how to increase my reading speed"为＂疑问词＋动词不定式＂结构,在句中作know的宾语.疑问代词who、what、which等和疑问副词when、where、how等后面跟不定式,构成＂疑问词＋动词不定式＂结构.这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等.作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;作宾语时,常与动词know、wonder、ask、show等连用.»How to deal with it is still a question.怎样解决这件事还是个问题.(作主语)»I don't know what to have for dinner.我不知道晚饭吃什么.(作宾语)»The question is which to choose.问题是挑选哪一个.(作表语)典例1根据句意,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空.(2022·淮安中考)Miss Gao is preparing a talk on how________ (solve)teenager problems.解析;此处用＂疑问词＋动词不定式＂结构作介词on的宾语,故填to solve.increase/in'kri:s/p.增加;增长讲(1)作及物动词We need to increase productivity.我们需要提高生产力.(2)作不及物动词increase by增长了(后接百分比或倍数)increase to 增长到(后接具体数字)语境串记The hit of this video increased to 2 million. Compared with yesterday, it increased by 10%,这个视频的点击量增加到了200万,与昨天相比,增加了10%.拓increase还可作名词,意为＂增长;增多＂.作可数名词时,其前若用不定冠词应用an.»There was an increase in sales.销售额增长了.speed/spi:d/n.速度讲［名词］常与介词at连用.at a/the speed of 以······的速度at high/low speed 以高速／低速»The car is traveling at a speed of 120 kilometers per hour.这辆汽车正以每小时120千米的速度行驶.»It can be dangerous to drive at high speed.高速驾驶会很危险.I often make mistakes in grammar.在语法方面我经常犯错. (教材P5 1a) make mistakes 犯错;出错讲make mistakes 与make a mistake 同义.make mistakes/a mistake in.,.在······方面出错»My brother was quite careless, so he made mistakes in spelling in the exam.我哥哥很粗心,所以他在考试中犯了拼写错误.拓mistake的其他用法:by mistake 错误地;无意中mistake.,. for..,把······错当成······典例2 完成句子,每空一词.(随州中考)好的学习者不害怕犯错.Good learners are not afraid of_______ _______.答案:making mistakesHe can't get the pronunciation right.他发音不准. (教材P5 1c) get+宾语＋宾语补足语讲＂get+宾语＋宾语补足语＂的常见结构有:get+宾语＋adj./adv./介词短语让······处于······状态get+宾语＋to do sth.让······做某事get+宾语＋doing sth.使······起来gel+宾语＋done使······被······»Don't get your dress dirty!别把你的连衣裙弄脏了！»Get the chair outdoors, please.请把这把椅子搬到户外去.»Get your father to come tomorrow.明天叫你的父亲来.»Can you get the machine running?你能让这台机器运行起来吗?»I want to get my bike repaired.我想去修我的自行车.I don't have a partner to practice English with.我没有一起练习英语的同伴. (教材P51e) 动词不定式(短语)作后置定语讲动词不定式(短语)作定语修饰名词或代词时,通常放在所修饰词的后面,一般与所修饰词存在逻辑上的动宾关系.如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式中动词所表示动作发生的地点或借助的工具等,不定式后要用适当的介词,并且介词不能省略.»Do you need a pen to write with?你需要一支钢笔写字吗?He can always write the new words in his notebook and review them from time to time.他可以每次都在他的笔记本上写生词并时常复习它们. (教材P5 1d) review/rɪ'vju:/ v.& n. 回顾;复习讲(1)[动词］由＂re-(前缀)＋view(v.仔细察看;观看)＂构成.»According to Ebbinghaus, you'll forget easily if you don't review in time.根据艾宾浩斯的说法,如果你不及时复习,你很容易忘记.(2)[名词］回顾;复习»The boss asked the staff to write a review of this year.老板要求员工写一下对今年的回顾.拓［名词］(对图书、电影等的)评论»I hope you book gets good reviews.我希望你的书得到好评.词缀学习re-是常见的前缀,表示＂又;再,重新＂.re-+use(v.使用)→reuse(v.再次使用)re-＋write(v.写)→rewrite(v.重写)re-＋tell(v.讲述)→retell(v.复述)re-＋cycle(v.循环)→recycle(v.再利用)典例3 (南通中考)-Have you decided what to write about Gulliver in Lilliput in the report?-I'm not sure. Maybe I need to read some_______ about it before writing.A. reasonsB. rewardsC. resultsD. reviews解析:句意:＂关于《格列佛在小人国》,你决定好在报告中写什么了吗?＂＂我不确定.或许我需要在写之前读一些评论.＂根据语境可知,此处应用reviews"(对图书、电影等的)评论＂.理由＂,reward"报酬＂,result"结果＂,均与句意不符.故选D.Everyone is born with the ability to learn.每个人天生都具有学习的能力. (教材P62b) be born with 天生具有讲通常表示生来具有某种天赋、性格或疾病等.»She is born with a good voice.她生来就有一副好嗓子.(襄阳中考)。

Unit 1 How can we become good learners?课文知识点解析“by+doing形式”表示方式、方法语法结构by+doing形式，“通过做...的方式”I learn Chinese by listening to tapes。

提问方式by+doing结构常用来回答How do you...？或How can I...?这类句型-How can I turn on the light? -By turning this button.拓展：介词by的其他用法：1）by+交通工具，“乘/坐...”by bus2）by+地点，“在...的旁边；靠近...”by the lake3）by+时间，“截止到...；不迟于...”by ten4）辨析by、with、in，“用”by 侧重“用”某种手段、交通工具、传递方式或媒介等with 侧重“用”有形工具、材料、内容等in 侧重“用”语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等Eg. We’ll be traveling by car.He broke the window with a stone.Please answer the question in English.即学即练：1.-How do you learn English words? -_____making word cards.A. ToB. ByC. ForD. With2.-How do you get to school every day. Lucy? -I go to school _____.A.ride my bikeB.by my bikeC.by busD.by a bus3.Mr.Scott made a living by____(sell) old things.4.She learns English by listening to tapes.(对划线部分提问)_____ ______ she learn English?5.Most of them take the train to work.(改为同义句)Most of them go to work ______ ______.要点详解：Section A1.by asking the teacher for help通过向老师求助。

Unit 1 How can we become good learners？Section A1.ask相关短语ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事ask sb.(not) to do sth. 要求某人（不）要做某事be askd (not) to do sth. 被要求（不）做某事2.aloudadv.大声地；出声地辨析：aloud：adv.；出声地，大声地loud：用于loud enough, as loud as 等短语中或与too, very, so连用loudly：loud 的常用副词；含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思eg：Mrs. Li reads aloud while we speak loudly, so he has to read loud enough to make herself heard.3.practice●v.练习●后+n./pron./V.ing等●作不可数名词：练习eg：Students get lots of practice in the English club.4.patientadj.有耐心的n.病人patiently：adv. 修饰动词patience：n. 耐心短语：in patience 耐心地5.It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花费时间做某事=Sb. spends some time doing sth.eg: It took me three years to finish the work. = I spent three years finishing the work.6.the ＋比较级（+主语+ 谓语），the ＋比较级（+ 主语+ 谓语）：越……，越……eg：The more you eat, the heavier you will be.7.find it + adj.+ to do sth.发现做某事……eg: I find it very interesting to learn English.8.secret：n.秘密；秘诀eg：Neither of them knows the secret.adj.秘密的；保密的eg：We discovered a secret passage behind the wall.短语keep the secret =keep sth. to oneself 保守秘密the secret to/of ...：……的秘诀/ 秘密keep sth. secret对某事保密9.expression：n.表情；表示express：v.及物动词；表达；表露express...to sb.：向某人表达……eg: I find it difficult to express my meaning to the old Frenchman.10.辨析invent：发明(从无到有的东西)discover：发现(本来就已经存在，但不为人知的事物)find：找到或发现11.look up：查阅；抬头看宾语的位置：名词可前可后eg: Look up the word in the book, and you will know its meaning.look+pron.+ upeg: Please look them up in the dictionary carefully.look up to：仰慕eg: Many young people look up to Yao Ming astheir hero.look短语look down on sb. 小瞧某人look for 寻找look out 小心look around 环顾四周look over 仔细检查12.by后加名词、代词或动词­ing形式by＋地点名词表方位在……旁边eg：We live by the sea.by＋时间名词到……时为止(已发生某事)；最晚、不迟于……谓语可用完成时eg：I must be in bed by ten o’clock.by＋交通工具、交通方式通过……，由……，乘……eg：by train / taxi / bike/ boat / sea / water 辨析by：乘某种交通工具I go to school by bike.in：后+某种材料、衣服、颜色或语言Now she begins to paint in oils.with：后+身体器官或某种工具He often writes with his left hand.表示具有，拥有，戴Who’s that man with sunglasses？Section B1.increasev.增加；增长短语increase to增加到……eg：The population in this city will increase to 1,000,000.increase by...增加了……eg：The price of the vegetables increased by 10%.increasen.增加；增大eg：The increase in population caused a shortage of food.2.speedn.速度短语at a/the speed of以……的速度at high/low/full speed以高速/ 低速/ 全速speed up加速3.make mistakes犯错误短语by mistake 由于差错，错误地mistake...for... 错把……当成……4.bornv.出生adj.天生的be born in+ 月份/年份/地点be born on+ 具体日期be born with+ 生来就有5.ability单数能力eg：We trust in China’s ability to be the strongest country in the world.复数才能eg：He is a man of many abilities.有能力做某事+不定式eg：He has the ability to speak English fluently.6.depend on依靠；取决于；随……而定eg：We shouldn’t depend on our parents too much.7.createv. 创造；创建creation n.创造，创造力creator n.创造者creative adj.有创造力的8.activeadj.活跃的；积极的作表语或定语take an active part in：积极参加eg：We all take an active part in the sports meeting.activityn.活动9.pay attention to注意；关心后+n./pron/V.ing/从句10.connectv.连接；与……有联系be connected to与……相连接=be joined to11.even if即使常引导让步状语从句12.knowledgen.知识；学问不可数a knowledge of/about...……方面的知识eg：He has a knowledge of painting.13.辨析remember to do记得去做事事情还没做eg：Remember to close the door before you leave the room.remember doing记得做过事事情已经做完eg：He remembers closing the door.14.instead of代替；作为……的替换eg: He will attend the meeting instead of me.+doing/n.=rather thaneg: Maybe I will become an actor instead of /rather than a singer in the future.=take one's place to do sth.eg: Mulan took her father's place to join the army.=Mulan joined the army instead of her father.Section A1.ask相关短语ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事ask sb.(not) to do sth. 要求某人（不）要做某事be askd (not) to do sth. 被要求（不）做某事2.aloudadv.大声地；出声地辨析aloudadv.出声地，大声地loud用于loud enough, as loud as 等短语中或与too, very, so连用loudlyloud 的常用副词含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思eg：Mrs. Li reads aloud while we speak loudly, so he has to read loud enough to make herself heard.practicev.练习后+n./pron./V.ing等作不可数名词练习eg：Students get lots of practice in the English club.3.patientadj.有耐心的n.病人patientlyadv. 修饰动词patiencen. 耐心短语in patience 耐心地4.It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花费时间做某事=Sb. spends some time doing sth.eg: It took me three years to finish the work.= I spent three years finishing the work.5.the ＋比较级（+主语+ 谓语），the ＋比较级（+ 主语+ 谓语）越……，越……eg：The more you eat, the heavier you will be.6.find it + adj.+ to do sth.发现做某事……eg: I find it very interesting to learn English.7.secretn.秘密；秘诀eg：Neither of them knows the secret.adj.秘密的；保密的eg：We discovered a secret passage behind the wall.短语keep the secret =keep sth. to oneself 保守秘密the secret to/of ...……的秘诀/ 秘密keep sth. secret对某事保密8.expressionn.表情；表示expressv.及物动词表达；表露express...to sb.向某人表达……eg: I find it difficult to express my meaning to the old Frenchman.9.辨析invent发明(从无到有的东西)discover发现(本来就已经存在，但不为人知的事物)find找到或发现10.look up查阅；抬头看宾语的位置名词可前可后eg: Look up the word in the book, and you will know its meaning.look+pron.+ upeg: Please look them up in the dictionary carefully.look up to仰慕eg: Many young people look up to Yao Ming as their hero.look短语look down on sb. 小瞧某人look for 寻找look out 小心look around 环顾四周look over 仔细检查11.by后加名词、代词或动词­ing形式by＋地点名词表方位在……旁边eg：We live by the sea.by＋时间名词到……时为止(已发生某事)；最晚、不迟于……谓语可用完成时eg：I must be in bed by ten o’clock.by＋交通工具、交通方式通过……，由……，乘……eg：by train / taxi / bike/ boat / sea / water 辨析by乘某种交通工具I go to school by bike.in后+某种材料、衣服、颜色或语言Now she begins to paint in oils.with后+身体器官或某种工具He often writes with his left hand.表示具有，拥有，戴Who’s that man with sunglasses？Section B1.increasev.增加；增长短语increase to增加到……eg：The population in this city will increase to 1,000,000.increase by...增加了……eg：The price of the vegetables increased by 10%.increasen.增加；增大eg：The increase in population caused a shortage of food.2.speedn.速度短语at a/the speed of以……的速度at high/low/full speed以高速/ 低速/ 全速speed up加速3.make mistakes犯错误短语by mistake 由于差错，错误地mistake...for... 错把……当成……4.bornv.出生adj.天生的be born in+ 月份/年份/地点be born on+ 具体日期be born with+ 生来就有5.ability单数能力eg：We trust in China’s ability to be the strongest country in the world.复数才能eg：He is a man of many abilities.有能力做某事+不定式eg：He has the ability to speak English fluently.6.depend on依靠；取决于；随……而定eg：We shouldn’t depend on our parents too much.7.createv. 创造；创建creation n.创造，创造力creator n.创造者creative adj.有创造力的8.activeadj.活跃的；积极的作表语或定语take an active part in：积极参加eg：We all take an active part in the sports meeting.activityn.活动9.pay attention to注意；关心后+n./pron/V.ing/从句10.connectv.连接；与……有联系be connected to与……相连接=be joined to11.even if即使常引导让步状语从句12.knowledgen.知识；学问不可数a knowledge of/about...……方面的知识eg：He has a knowledge of painting.13.辨析remember to do记得去做事事情还没做eg：Remember to close the door before you leave the room.remember doing记得做过事事情已经做完eg：He remembers closing the door.14.instead of代替；作为……的替换eg: He will attend the meeting instead of me.+doing/n.=rather thaneg: Maybe I will become an actor instead of /rather than a singer in the future.=take one's place to do sth.eg: Mulan took her father's place to join the army. =Mulan joined the army instead of her father.。

UNIT 1How can we become good learners?Section B（3a—Self Check）第5课时设计说明本课时学习有关学习方法的写作。

教学时先从复习本单元功能句型入手，导入新课，然后讨论学好英语的三种最佳方式，为写作做好铺垫；通过写作导图为学生搭建脚手架，帮助学生完成写作任务。

通过Self Check的练习，进一步巩固本单元重要句型。

教学目标通过本课时的学习，让学生达成以下目标：1.知识目标复习句型：—How can we learn English well?—I learn it well by doing sth.2.能力目标向朋友提供学习英语最佳方法的建议。

3.情感目标培养学生善于发现并找到适合自己的学习方法的能力,形成自己的学习习惯,端正学习态度,切实提高英语水平,成为一名成功的学习者。

重点难点1.重点: 掌握by doing结构, 并能用该结构介绍英语学习方法。

2.难点:能描述自己或他人在英语学习中遇到的问题；介绍英语学习方法及自己或他人的英语学习经验；能为他人提出英语学习方面的建议。

教学准备PPT课件教学过程Step 1Lead-inGet the students to have a free talk with the help of some pictures.—How can we learn English well?—By…Step 2Work on 3aYour friend wants to improve his/her English and asks you for help. What are thethree best ways to learn and why? Make some notes in the chart.Step 3WritingWrite a letter to your friend. Give him/her some advice about the best ways to learn English. Use your notes in 3a.Use the following expressions to help you:There are three good ways to …I think you should…If you do this, you will…It is also a good idea to …because…You could try to improve your English by…This will help you to…Give the students some instructions.The structures:One possible version:Dear Wenxin,There are three good ways to learn English. One way is being interested in what you are doing. If you are interested in something, your brain will be more active and you will be more focused. If you like music, I think you should listen to English songs. If you do this, you will be able to improve your pronunciation.It is also a good idea to read English books because well-written books can teachyou many new words and how they are used. You could try to improve your English by watching English movies. This will help you to improve your listening and speaking skills as you will have a chance to listen to natural speech.I hope these three ways will work well for you!Your friend,Li TingStep 4Self CheckAre you stressed out each time you have a test? You don’t have to be if you _________ smart study skills. Remember to _________ in class and review them on your own or with friends after class. Then _________ what you learned by doing exercises. Try to study and _________ information bit by bit instead of waiting ________ the last minute to study __________ at once. If you _________ well for a test, then there’s nothing to ___________!Check the answers one by one.The answers are: develop; take notes; practice; remember; until; everything; prepare; worry about2. Number these sentences in order to make a conversation._____ What’s the matter?_____ Well, I practice my listening by listening to the tape over and over again until I can understand everything._____ So you want to practice your listening?_____ Hi, Jake. I need your help._____ Uh-huh. Do you have any advice?_____ OK, I’ll try that._____ I have a listening test next week.Check the answers.The answers are: 2 6 4 1 5 7 33. Give advice to these people.1. Jane is a very slow reader.She should improve her reading speed _________________________________.2. Li Ming wants to improve his listening.He could practice his listening _________________________________.3. Meiping doesn’t know many English words.She could learn more words _________________________________.Check the answers one by one.The possible answers are:1. by not reading word by word but reading word groups2. by listening to tapes/watching English movies3. by making word cards/reading English booksStep 5HomeworkWrite a letter telling a friend how to become a better language learner.当堂达标补全对话（其中有两个多余的选项）。

Unit 1 How can we become good learners课文及详解Section A1a Check (✔) the ways you study English. Then add other ways you sometimes study.a. by working with friends 通过和朋友一起工作（学习）b. by making word cards 通过制作单词卡片c. by reading the textbook 通过阅读课本d. by listening to tapes 通过听磁带e. by asking the teacher for help 通过向老师寻求帮助I study by making word cards.1b Listen. How do these students study for a test? Write letters from 1a above. 1. Meiping 2. Peter 3. Tony1c Make conversations about how you study for a test. 关于备考如何学习编写对话A: How do you study for a test?B: I study by working with a group.2a Listen and check(✔) the questions you hear.Questions Answers1. Do you learn English by watching videos? ['vɪdɪəʊ]2. Do you ever practice conversations with friends?3. What about listening to tapes?4. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?2b Listen again. Match each answer below with a question above.a. Yes, I have. I’ve learned a lot that way.那种方式我学会很多东西b. Oh, yes. It improves my speaking skills. 它提高了我的说话技能c. I do that sometimes. I think it helps. 我有时这样学习，我认为有帮助。

Unit 1 How can we become good learners知识点详解一、词汇1. textbook [ˈtekstbʊk] n. 教科书；课本2. conversation [ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn] n. 交谈；谈话3. aloud [əˈlaʊd] adv. 大声地；出声地4. pronunciation [prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn] n. 发音；读音5. sentence [ˈsentəns] n. 句子6. patient [ˈpeɪʃnt] adj. 有耐心的；n. 病人7. expression [ɪkˈspreʃn] n. 表达（方式）；表示8. discover [dɪˈskʌvə(r)] v. 发现；发觉9. secret [ˈsiːkrət] n. 秘密；秘诀；adj. 秘密的；保密的10. look up （在词典、参考书中或通过电脑）查阅；抬头看11. grammar [ˈɡræmə(r)] n. 语法12. repeat [rɪˈpiːt] v. 重复；重做13. note [nəʊt] n. 笔记；记录；v. 注意；指出14. pal [pæl] n. 朋友；伙伴15. physics [ˈfɪzɪks] n. 物理；物理学16. chemistry [ˈkemɪstri] n. 化学17. memorize [ˈmeməraɪz] v. 记忆；记住18. pattern [ˈpætn] n. 模式；方式19. pronounce [prəˈnaʊns] v. 发音20. increase [ɪnˈkriːs] v. 增加；增长21. speed [spiːd] n. 速度22. partner [ˈpɑːtnə(r)] n. 搭档；同伴23. born [bɔːn] v. 出生；adj. 天生的24. be born with 天生具有25. ability [əˈbɪləti] n. 能力；才能26. create [kriˈeɪt] v. 创造；创建27. brain [breɪn] n. 大脑28. active [ˈæktɪv] adj. 活跃的；积极的29. attention [əˈtenʃn] n. 注意；关注30. pay attention to 注意；关注31. connect [kəˈnekt] v. （使）连接；与……有联系32. connect...with... 把……和……连接或联系起来33. overnight [ˌəʊvəˈnaɪt] adv. 一夜之间；在夜间34. review [rɪˈvjuː] v. & n. 回顾；复习35. knowledge [ˈnɒlɪdʒ] n. 知识；学问36. wisely [ˈwaɪzli] adv. 明智地；聪明地二、短语1. make mistakes 犯错误2. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事3. laugh at 嘲笑；取笑4. take notes 记笔记5. look for 寻找6. find out 查明；找出7. be interested in 对……感兴趣8. depend on 取决于；依靠9. in common 共同；共有10. pay for 为……付款；付钱11. as well 也；又12. for example 例如13. think about 考虑14. be good at 擅长15. instead of 代替；而不是16. write down 写下；记下17. keep a diary 记日记18. have a try 试一试19. worry about 担心；担忧20. make a plan 制定计划21. come from 来自22. work with 与……一起工作23. give up 放弃24. be proud of 为……感到骄傲25. deal with 处理；应付26. get into trouble 陷入困境27. ask for help 寻求帮助28. get bored 感到无聊29. fall in love with 爱上；喜欢上30. make friends with 与……交朋友31. in the end 最后；终于32. be able to 能够33. look forward to 盼望；期待三、句型1. —How do you study for a test? 你是如何为考试而学习的？—I study by working with a group. 我通过与小组合作来学习。