中华人民共和国海事局2003年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第30期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：802适用对象：近洋航区750-3000KW船舶轮机长（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。
第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题1.5分,第77题至78题,每题10分。
一、单项选择题：1. ______ power is the power developed within the cylinder and can be measured by an engineindicator.A. The shaftB. The mechanicalC. The electricD. The indicated2. If your vessel burns 8 tons of fuel per hour at 15 knots, how many tons per hour will it burn at 18knots?A. 13.82 tonsB. 15.61 tonsC. 16.00 tonsD. 16.37 tons3. Care and cleanliness are required when installing diesel fuel filters ______.A. to prevent the fuel system from becoming air-boundB. to prevent the fuel system becoming clogged with dirty particlesC. Both of the above .D. to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking out of the filter element4. About half an hour before the engine is required, cooling water at _____ must be circulated inprinciple.A. more than the working temperatureB. less than the working temperatureC. the working temperatureD. the same as the surrounding temperature5. The function of a lubricating oil is ______ to lubricate the running surface ______to carry away agreat deal of heat.A. not/butB. neither/norC. either/orD. not only/but also6. Which of the following statements describes the relationship between viscosity and specificgravity?A. Liquids with different viscosities will always have the same specific gravity.B. Liquids with different viscosities will never have the same specific gravity.C. Viscosity and specific gravity are directly proportional.D. Viscosity and specific gravity are not related in that one does not define or limit the other.7. Cooling makes the engine metals _____their mechanical properties.A. remainB. to remainC. retainD. to retain8. On opposite ends of a single shaft of a turboblower are a gas driven ______ and a air compressor,which are sealed each other.A. charge air receiverB. scavenging air beltC. turbineD. air cooler9. Uniflow is the most efficient scavenging system but requires ______ an opposed pistonarrangement _____ an exhaust valve in the cylinder head.A. neither, norB. both, andC. either, orD. not only ,but also 10. A sealing arrangement is provided at ______ of the tail-shaft with the propeller and conecompleting the arrangement.A. both endsB. neither endC. the outboard endD. either end11. Wake varies considerably with the form of the vessel, but , generally speaking, the bluffer theship_____ the wake value.A. the higherB. the lowerC. the fasterD. the slower12. In a diesel engine, the main bearings are used between the ______.A. connecting rod and the crankshaftB. wrist pin and the connecting rodC. camshaft and the engine blockD. crankshaft and the engine block13. ______ are commonly used in mechanical-hydraulic governor to sense engine speeds.A. BulbsB. BulksC. FlyweightsD. Flywheels14. When ______is compressed, its temperature rises so that it ignites the fine spray of fuel injectedinto the cylinder.A. the oilB. the airC. the fresh waterD. the steam15. A reduction in load on a diesel engine results in ___ of speed of the crankshaft.A. a reductionB. an increaseC. an outingD. a downwards16. The indicated power of an engine can be obtained by taking the ___.A. precautionsB. rpmC. indicator cardsD. B and C17. _____, the following possible causes should be investigated.A. Should the engine stop without apparent reasonB. The engine should stop without apparent reasonC. The engine stops without apparent reasonD. The engine is stopped without apparent reason18. A large low speed main propulsion diesel engine may become overloaded by ______. I. a heavilyfouled hull II. strong head winds and heavy seasA. I onlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I nor II19. A gear pump belongs to ___ according to its working principle.A. reciprocating pumpsB. positive displacement pumpsC. centrifugal pumpsD. centripetal pumps20. A feed pump for an auxiliary boiler might lose suction if the ______.A. boiler water level is lowB. feedwater is too hotC. boiler steam demand is lowD. feedwater is too cold21. A check valve is another name for ______.A. a test valveB. an inspection valveC. a stop valveD. a non-return valve22. ______ provides the head of pressure to supply the domestic water where required.A. The compressed airB. The compressing airC. The transfer pumpD. The head tank23. If the fire goes out in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler and the burner continues to supplyfuel, there is a potential danger of ______.A. overpressure and dry firingB. a severe furnace explosionC. spalling damage to the brickworkD. heat damage to the atomizer24. When an auxiliary boiler is panting and emitting black smoke, you should ______.A. increase the fuel oil temperatureB. decrease the fuel oil temperatureC. decrease the fuel oil supply pressureD. increase the air supply25. For a purifier, changing to a gravity disc with larger hole diameter will move the interface towardsthe ______.A. bowl peripheryB. bowl centerC. upper surfaceD. lower surface26.A class … C' fire is burning ______.A. diesel oilB. magnesiumC. dunnageD. electrical insulation27. For many years marine centrifuges were designed for ___ operation, that is the machines wererun for a period during which solids accumulated in the bowl.The machine was stopped when the accumulated solids began to impair its performance.A. purifyingB. batchC. long periodD. temporary28. In a complete oil/water separator, more oil will separate out onto the underside of these plates andtravel outwards until it is free to rise into the oil c ollecting space. What‟s the meaning of “it” in the sentence above?A. a separatorB. oilC. waterD. an oil collecting space29. The device used for low-pressure control and high-pressure cutout on a compressor is called a______.A. cutoutB. controller switchC. pressure controllerD. cutout switch30. ______ are used to handle anchors and chains.A. Cargo winchesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassesD. Cargo hatches31. Topping wires fix the height of the derricks and _____ to the deck may be used to prevent foreand aft movement.A. staysB. winchesC. barrelsD. brakes32. The hand steering is a method by which the motion of the rudder is controlled with ______.A. a motor-driven steering wheelB. a pneumatic steering wheelC. a hand-driven steering wheelD. an electric steering wheel33. If a heavy sea strikes the rudder, the shock is transmitted through the tiller to ___.A. the tiller armsB. the swivel blocksC. hunting gearsD. the rams34. With reference to rules governing steering gear, which one of the following rules is incorrect ?A. It is required that all ships are provided with two independent steering gear systems that is onemain and one auxiliary.B. The auxiliary gear could be power operated in passenger ships.C. The auxiliary gear must be of adequate strength and sufficient to steer a ship at navigablespeed.D. All moving parts of the steering gear must be guarded against any possible damage.35. Compressed air is supplied by air compressors to ______.A. the air receiversB. the starting valvesC. the cylinder coversD. the distributors36. Which of the following statements is true concerning any evaporator?A. High conductivity of the distillate indicates distillate salinity is excessive.B. Increasing the absolute pressure of the shell will increase the distiller's capacity.C. Mesh separators are used in evaporators to filter the distillate.D. Reducing the brine density will reduce the heat lost overboard.37. It is important that the two condensate drain cocks, fitted to the underside of the scavenging box,______ until the engine is placed on full load.A. remain openB. remain closeC. retain openD. retain close38. The effect of high vapor superheat in a refrigeration system, is a/an ______.A. increased capacity of the compressorB. more efficient operation of the thermal expansion valveC. decreased capacity of the compressorD. loss of receiver capacity39. The cooler as the liquid becomes, _____.A. the faster it will evaporateB. the slower it will condenseC. the slower it will evaporateD. the faster it will flow40. Most air conditioning units have ______ for adjusting the ratio of recirculated fresh air. Care mustbe taken not to reduce the fresh air so that stuffiness or smells arise.A. catch platesB. dampersC. regulating valvesD. fans41. The main causes of fire on board ships are ______.A. oil leakage in engine-roomB. hot work (welding, cutting, etc. )C. static electricityD. All of the above.42. An increasing head pressure in a refrigeration system, without any corresponding change in thecooling water inlet temperature, would probably be caused by ______.A. restriction in refrigerant pipingB. air and non-condensable gases in the condenserC. water in the refrigerantD. flooding back of liquid refrigerant from the evaporator43. Current changing in direction and rising and falling in value is ______.A. A.CB. D.C. C. generatorD. fresh water generator44. The staring current of an a.c. motor is ______ the rated current.A. the same asB. much larger thanC. less thanD. equals45. Any electric motor can be constructed to be ______.A. short proofB. ground proofC. explosion proofD. overload proof46. Moisture in a D.C. motor would cause ______.A. short circuitB. speed upC. slow downD. hunting47. Loss of lubricating oil pressure to the main propulsion diesel engine will actuate a/an ______.A. overspeed tripB. audible/visual alarmC. the ships/boats general alarmD. reserve oil storage tank48. The ______ is a crystal which, under pressure, produces an electric current which varies with thepressure.A. alternatorB. glass thermometerC. burdon tubeD. piezoelectric pressure transducer49. A main propulsion diesel engine is normally shut down by ______.A. shutting off the air supplyB. over-speeding the engineC. securing the fuel supplyD. securing the ignition system50. Engine protection by means of an alarm or shutdown control can be obtained with devices that aresensitive to ______.A. temperatureB. pressureC. engine speedD. All of the above.51. Which of the following statements represents the main difference between a relay and a contactor?A. Contactors control current and relays control voltage.B. A relay is series connected and a contactor is parallel connected.C. Contactors can handle heavier loads than relays.D. Contactors are made from silver and relays are made from copper.52. The greatest detrimental effect on idle electrical equipment, such as cargo pump motors, is the______.A. loss of residual magnetismB. absorption of moisture in the insulationC. insulation varnish flakingD. dirt collecting on the windings53. The crank-room cover should not be opened until at least ______ minutes after the engine stops.A. 10B. 15C. 20D. 3054. When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include _____appropriately,many factors shall be taken into account.A. satisfied engineersB. qualified ratingsC. satisfied chief engineerD. qualified chief engineer55. Administrations should bear in mind the significance of ______ in maintaining safety of life andproperty at sea and in preventing marine pollution.A. advanced nautical equipmentB. advanced performance main enginesC. emergency equipmentD. communication and language skills56.The order“Bow thrust stop.”means“_____”.A. Bow thrust full to portB. Bow thrust full to starboardC. No bow thrust revolutionsD. No stern thrust revolutions57. The Port State Control officer may witness a fire drill carried out by the crew assigned to theseduties on the _____.A. Navigation Log BookB. Engine Room Log BookC. Oil Record BookD. Muster List58. In order to ensure the safety of the ship and its equipment during UMS operation, certain essentialfunctions _____．A. must be providedB. may be providedC. have providedD. can be provided59. A fire in a pile of dunnage would be classified as a ______.A. class AB. class BC. class CD. class D60. The fire drill must, as far as practicable, be conducted as if _____.A. there is a minor emergencyB. there is an actual emergencyC. there were a minor emergencyD. there were an actual emergency61. Duty officer informs us that the vessel is out of harbor and in “Full Ahead”. We are going to run_____．A. diesel oil instead of fuel oilB. fuel oil instead of diesel oilC. diesel oil instead fuel oilD. fuel oil instead diesel oil62. Auxiliary machinery covers everything onboard except______.A. main enginesB. main boilersC. pipes and fittingsD. A and B63. In cleaning up an oil spill, the use of chemical agents would ______.A. absorb the oil for easy removalB. remove the oil from the waterC. disperse or dissolve the oil in the waterD. not affect the oil64. The three basic elements necessary for any fire are ______.A. heat, gas, and flamesB. fuel, heat, and oxygenC. heat, nitrogen, and fuelD. fuel oil, nitrogen, and oxygen 65. Which of the following gases represents the greatest threat to personnel safety in an engine roomwhere the exhaust is leaking from a diesel engine?A. Carbon dioxideB. Carbon monoxideC. Carbon trioxideD. Hydrogen sulfide66. The direct cause of a crankcase explosion can be attributed to______.A. extremely hot scavenge airB. excessive cooling water temperatureC. an overheated bearingD. excessive lube oil in the crankcase67. ______ may have two emergency source of power, thus requiring two emergency switchboards.A. Large passenger vesselsB. General cargo shipsC. Container shipsD. Oil tankers68. The minimum number and capacity of bilge pumps and fire pumps and their dispersement withinthe ship is governed by______.A. Classification Society RulesB. National requirementsC. The IMO International Convention for the Safety of Life at SeaD. All of the above.二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：The CO 2 fire extinguishing installation may incorporate a smoke sampling system so that fire can be detected in the early stage at the smoke detecting cabinet, which is situated in the wheelhouse. Each cargo compartment is individually connected to the smoke detecting cabinet with small bore piping and, by a suction fan mounted on the wheelhouse roof, samples of the air in each cargo space are continually drawn up to the smoke detecting cabinet and discharged into the wheelhouse or the atmosphere through a diverting valve. Thus smoke from a fire in any cargo space can be immediately detected.69. The CO 2 fire extinguishing system may combine with to detect fire in the early stage of firedevelopment.A. a smoke detecting systemB. a wheelhouseC. a cargo compartmentD.a crew‟s cabin70. The function of the smoke sampling system is ______.A. to analyze smoke componentsB. to detect fire in the early stageC. to prevent the wheelhouse from catching a fireD. to ventilate each cargo compartment71. According to this paragraph, which of the following statements is true?A. The smoke sampling system consists of the CO 2 fire extinguishing installation and smokedetecting cabinet.B. The smoke detecting cabinet is located on the wheelhouse roof.C. The suction fan draws samples of the air from cargo spaces.D. Samples of the air flow into the detecting cabinet at regular intervals.72. Which of the following devices does the smoke sampling system consist of?(1)fire extinguishing installation (2) smoke detecting chamber (3) wheelhouse(4) cargo compartment (5) suction fan (6) diverting valveA.（1）、（2）、（5）B. （2）、（4）、（5）C. （3）、（4）、（6）D. （2）、（5）、（6）第二组：Governing prime movers, particularly diesel engines, require careful consideration. The cyclic variations of a diesel cycle can be passed i nto the governor drive if it is too …stiff‟. That is, the cyclicvibrations will be imposed on the internal gearing etc. inside the governor housing. To prevent this, some form of damper should be used on the drive into the governor. The mounting point for the governor should be rigid; a vibration mounting would soon downgrade even the best of governors. Chain or belt drives should be avoided as far as possible, as slapping of the belt or chain produces speed variations causing malfunction of the governor. Similarly the drive from the end of the camshaft is subject to torsional vibrations, and governors should not be located at that point. They should be located as close as practicable to the fuel pumps, thereby limiting the mass/inertia of operating linkage. In all cases, the governor should be matched to the engine requirements in terms of droop, load limiting, response time etc. On large engines there is an inertial resistance to acceleration within the masses of reciprocating and rotating elements of the engine, so that during acceleration fuel could be released to the cylinders at a faster rate than efficient combustion can burn it. In an attempt to compensate for this, and to maintain acceptable combustion during acceleration, a tapping from the scavenge space may be taken and the pressure used to regulate the rate of fuel released to the engine. This process is incorporated into the governor operating system so that the governor releases a quantity of fuel commensurate with the increase in air pressure in the scavenge space.(during deceleration the problem is not so great, as excess air can be tolerated far more easily than can the incomplete combustion associated with insufficient air.)73. This passage is mainly about __.A. mounting the governorsB. the scavenge pressure limit to the governorC. A and BD. how the governor regulates the fuel index74. The drive to the governor ___.A. should be rigidB. should use damperC. should use chains or beltsD. should be from the end of the cam shaft75. The governor should be mounted close to the fuel pumps ___.A. for limiting the inertia effectB. for limiting the loadC. to ensure speed droopD. to cut down the cost76. It can be inferred that with scavenge pressure limit ___.A. the engine can be accelerated rapidlyB. the engine can be decelerated rapidlyC. the governor will supply fuel oil efficientlyD. the combustion will be more complete三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）77.PSC官员如果发现大量的临时修理，例如管路卡箍和水泥堵漏箱，则表明船舶不愿意进行永久性修理。
