研究生英语阅读教程上册UNIT1-6课后答案及翻译刘朝武主编

硕士英语综合教程1u n i t1-6课后汉译英答案-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Unit11. Bending under the weight of the packs, sweating, they climbed steadily in the pine forest that covered the mountainside.2. Concentrating on time passing, as we do when bored, will trigger brain activity which will take it seem as though the clock is ticking more slowly.3. Unemployment shot up in France during the second quarter, and the country is top finance official said the situation would continue to aggravate even if a global economic recovery gathers pace. It was the worst quarterly unemployment in France since 2006.4. As social practice continues to develop, we should keep renewing our ideas and make innovations courageously in light of practical needs.5. Bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses whose fares have increased three times in the past few years.6. The U.S. government has called on people to save water, because the scarcity of water has become a source of global ecological, economic and political problems.7. In order to be a recognized leader in the industry, it is essential for a company to improve production quality and tap the overseas market through the help of state-of-the-art technologies and equipment.8. If you are thinking about coming to Britain for Christmas, it might be a good idea to think again, because thousands of Christmas travelers have been stranded in the UK as adverse weather conditions caused massive disruption to the transport infrastructure.Unit21. Foreigners in China must abide by Chinese laws and should not endanger the national security of China, harm public interests and disrupt public order.2. Love does not lie in gazing at each other but in looking forward together in the same direction.3. When learning any foreign language, one has to learn, first and foremost, its new phonological and grammar systems, which means acquiring a totally unfamiliar set of language learning habits.4. Financial experts suggest that to the women under 30, the income of this phase in general is the lowest.5. China will increase dialogue and cooperation with the U.S. and the international community to crack down on all forms of terrorist activities.6. Now is the time to make a careful plan according to the list, so you should put the most important and urgent thing first.7. In accordance with your request, we are sending the sample pages of the dictionary, and meanwhile your valuable suggestions are welcomed.8. In addition, advertisers appeal to the people's desire for health and reputation, to desire to be in fashion, self-esteem, psychological of make others envy and jealousy. Unit31. The Confucian thought has a long history. It have a profound impact on China's political, ideological, science, technology, culture and art, it is an important part of traditional Chinese culture.2. In fact, what we have done over the past years and will do in the future with the products must coincide with the requirement of WTO.3. In an increasingly globalized world, the diversity of religious and cultural should be used to promote social justice, tolerance and understanding, as well as international peace and security, it's not as a reason for a new ideological and political confrontation.4. The initial stage of marriage doesn't only involves adapting to another man's existence and their habits.5. Whether you have used the software or not, you may already be familiar with some of its functions, but the latest version is rated as an important milestone in the progression of its development.6. In the case of default, when you delete most of the files, you do not really delete these files, they are just moved to the Recycle Bin, so still take up disk space.7. The effect of painkillers will wear off within a few hours，but its advantage is few side effects.8. Ecological civilization is the only way to global sustainable development，the best way to protect the Earth's ecosystems, the inevitable choice of human development. Unit41. However, it often happens that the thinking lags behind the actual, because human cognition is limited by many social conditions.2. Something big was in the offing, so big that the workers at the Simonson plant had been arrested to avoid any information leaked out.3. Only by understanding the nature of thinking mode, can man put forward new ideas in philosophy, and the crux of philosophical innovation lies in the change of man's thinking mode.4. From then on, he struggled in his attempts to overcome his poor social status and insinuate himself into upper-class society.5. It is a far cry from the days when I was just a clerk in a supermarket and nobody paid me ant attention.6. The invention of the microprocessor set the stage for the microcomputer——personal computer revolution——ordinary people can afford the price of this kind of computer.7. So there is no such thing as an enemy in absolute terms. The enemies we face are only in relative terms, constantly changing with the times.8. Whether from history or the perspective of international law, Taiwan beyond dispute is one part of China's sacred territory and it is an inviolable mission of the entire Chinese people to reunify the motherland.Uint61. There are many wonderful and exciting things waiting for you in New Beijing, a vibrant modern metropolis with 3,000 years of history and culture woven into the urban prosperity.2. He is such an enthusiastic fans that he tends to hold forth on his favorite team whenever it is mentioned.3. The education system must outfit the young generation with the necessary knowledge, attitudes and values to ensure they keep up with the new age which there might be no jobs but only opportunities.4. The anxious mother searched high and low for her missing son, only to find him sleeping sound in the mess of toys in his own bedroom.5. In order to find a more effective treatment methods, the hospital will actively cooperate with a local research institute to look for genetic markers that correlate with this chronic disease.6. The accounting system of an enterprise consists of the methods, procedures, and devices used by an economic entity to keep track of its financial activities and to summarize these activities.7. When she graduated from college, Cindy decided to go back to work in the orphanage where she had been brought up, because her heart was overstuffed with gratitude and warmth for those who had generously helped her in her growth and she wanted to be like them also to give help to the kids who had lost their parents. 8. NASA planned to splurge on the feasibility of the project of sending astronauts to Mars and having them settle down on it.。

研究生英语阅读教程上册UNIT1-6课后答案及翻译刘朝武主编《21世纪研究生英语教材》阅读教程UNIT1-6课后答案及课文翻译（上册）UNIT ONEThe Belly BurdenAmanda SpakeKey to ExercisesI. Reading Comprehensioni 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. Aii (略)II Vocabulary and Structurei 1.Obesity 2.circulate 3.abdominal 4.break down 5.mortality6.variable7.resistance8.modified9.critically 10. inertii 1. internist 2.supplant. 3.willowy (twiggy) 4.slow down 5.set off 6. nonchalantly 7.accumulate 8. unravel 9.culprit 10. affirm III Cloze1. D2. A3. B4. A5. B6. D7. C8. A9. D 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. A 20. C IV Translationi1. 几个世纪以来，妇女们始终相信一条朴实的真理：腰越细，生活就越好—医学研究者们如今正开始了解这一简单真理背后的生理机能。

2.与腹部脂肪是位于腰部无所事事的惰性软组织这一观念相反，腹部脂肪实际上是一些小的内分泌工厂，会制造一些把信息传送给许多器官的激素。

3. 医学解开代谢之谜是脂肪的难题尚需数十年。

医生们说，在此期间采取的主要行动是制止腰部变粗。

萨瓦德说：“我们每个人都需要放慢让自己体形变得更像苹果的过程。

体形实在不容忽视。

《研究生英语读写译教程》练习参考答案及参考译文注意：《研究生英语读写译教程》第二次印刷做了以下更改：1 PP95倒数第四行的edi f ion 改成edition；并将练习全部移至第96页2 PP87 省略法第一句话去掉，改为：省略是指在翻译时按意义、修辞和句法等方面的需要省略或减少部分词语使译文更加精炼、更符合汉语的表达习惯。

去掉（一）中的第二个例句，用下句替换：John had many wonderful ideas, but he only put a few into practice.约翰有很多好想法，但是只有少数付诸实践。

3 PP97 将LEAD-IN QUESTION部分4A换成下句：Science is nothing but developed perception, interpreted intent, common sense rounded out and minutely articulated. (George Santayana)参考译文：科学只不过是发展了的知觉（科學只不過是深化了的洞悉），经过诠释的含义，经过整理、表达详细的常识。

4 PP106 Comprehension第一题中的"humanity"改为“the humanities“第一部分：各课练习答案UNIT ONE STAY HUNGRY. STAY FOOLISH. COMPREHENSION1 He dropped out of Reed College because he did not see the value of it. (The answer to the second part of the question is open.)2 Life was tough –he slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, he returned coke bottles and he walked 7 miles to get one good free meal…3 He cited the example to demonstrate that what he had learned in his calligraphy class worked when designing the first Macintosh computer.4 Jobs’ first story tells that the dots will somehow connect in your future. (What you have learned/experienced might help in your future career.)5 He was publicly out. (The company that he and Woz established dismissed him.) The fact that he still loved what he did made him start over again.6 He has learned a good lesson from his failure.7 Do the things we love to do.8 Open.9 Open.10 Open. (We should always want more, never be content and when we want to do something that others say is foolish, do it anyway.)VOCABULARY AND STRUCTUREA1 naively2 curiosity3 combination4 let down5 vision6 baton7 creative8 mirror9 trap 10 inventionB1 drowned out2 tuition3 Commencement4 deposit5 typography6 make way for7 animation8 intuition9 destination 10 divergeC1 follow: orders, rules, advice, fads, an ideal, one’s instinct2 trust in: honesty, the Lord, power, intuition, sixth sense3 wear out, fade out, put out, make out, get out, break out4 play writer/playwright, speedwriter, blog writer, letter writer, editorial writer5 habitual, textual, accentual, sexual, spiritual, conceptual6 shocking, stunning, eye-catching, astonishing, striking, dazzlingD 1 an 2 great 3 the 4 to 5 √ 6 that 7 √8 been 9 been 10 inTRANSLATIONA1热烈的鼓掌2波涛汹涌的海面3熟睡4烟瘾大的人5油腻而难消化的食物6烈酒7悲痛的消息8沉闷冗长的读物9〈化〉重水10他在一家法国银行拥有外国人账户。

研究生新阶英语阅读教程（unit 1-4）参考译文unit oneText A 如何变‚末流‛为‚一流‛：哈佛对捐赠大户的回报1 初春的一个夜晚，暖意融融。

一群公司执行官、律师、石油巨子、理财经纪人、身价不菲的咨询师以及巨额财产继承人，悄然走出查尔斯宾馆和哈佛饭店的套房。

这些商界显要，男的个个头发花白，身着灰色西装──有的拄着手杖，有的则由于长期在哈佛运动队或网球队锻炼，一副运动员身材，充满活力、脸色红润；女的戴着丝巾，身穿苗条的黑色长裤，但其中几乎没有一张黑人和拉美人的面孔，他们穿过一道普通的门，走进安尼博格餐厅。

此次聚会，校内没有通报，媒体也不得报道。

２平常简朴的新生餐厅今天用连翘花和郁金香装点一新，客人们品尝着鸡尾酒、葡萄酒和牛柳、蟹黄蛋糕、芦笋尖等开胃小菜，享受着时任哈佛校长劳伦斯〃撒莫斯的殷勤。

有几位客人谈论着海斯特布丁俱乐部最近的那场演出，这个俱乐部是一个学生戏剧协会，每年春天都要上演一场音乐滑稽戏，由哈佛的男生男扮女装参加表演。

３过了一会儿，布臵在二楼阳台的哈佛乐队开始演奏‚万名哈佛人‛，客人们各自入席，烛光晚宴开始。

酒足饭饱之后，客人们兴高采烈，对撒莫斯校长的餐后致词报以阵阵掌声。

唯一例外的是，撒莫斯校长简要介绍学校计划扩大低收入家庭子女的招生，为年收入低于四万美元家庭的子女上哈佛提供免费教育，此时，校长似乎在等待在场贵宾们赞许的掌声，但竟然没有掌声。

我分析，这种令人尴尬的沉默传递了一个信号，甚至可称为威胁：你要是扩大招收低收入家庭的子女而将我们这些人的孩子拒之门外，我们就会停止数以百万计的捐款。

４4月8日的这顿晚宴，拉开了哈佛大学学校资源委员会（COUR）2005年年会的序幕。

该委员会或许是高等学校里一个最具财力的顾问团，但鲜为人知，媒体亦少有提及。

实际上COUR不是一般意义上的委员会──它并不正式制定学校政策或发表正式意见──但撒莫斯同其他任何一任哈佛校长一样，离不开COUR的支持。

研究生英语阅读综合教程上Reading More 翻译Unit 1 Why Do We Work?Lawyers practice a difficult and demanding profession. They expect to be well compensated. In thinking about what that means, it can help to consider the basic question, “Why do we work?” Samuel Johnson supplied an obvious answer when he famously observed, “No man but a blockhead ever wrote，except for money.” But I am not being paid to write this article, and instead of labeling myself a blockhead, let me refer to the insight of eminent psychologist Theodor Reik: "Work and love—these are the basics. Without them there is neurosis."律师们从事的是一项要求很高又费神的职业。

他们期待优厚的报酬。

在思考这句话的含义时，考虑一下这个基本问题会对我们有所帮助：“我们为什么工作？”塞缪尔·约翰逊在他的著名论断“除了笨蛋没有人会写作，除非为了钱。

”中显然给出了答案。

但我写这篇文章时并没有人付我钱。

，而且我非但不会把自己当作傻瓜，还想引用一下著名的心理学家西奥多·赖克的深刻见解：“工作和爱——这是基本需求。

没有这两样，人就会得神经官能症。

”Why do we work? For money, but also for sanity. We expect and need to be compensated in nonmonetary ways. Noneconomic compensation matters to top-flight lawyers—otherwise, they would have long ago fled to investment banks. Law firms that want to recruit and retain the best (and the sanest) must compensate not only in dollars but also in psychic gratification. Accordingly, managers of elite firms need to think consciously about what lawyers are looking for beyond money. Here are some key noneconomic elements of compensation.我们为什么工作？为钱，也为有明智的头脑。

Unit One核心员工的特征大卫·G．詹森1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。

我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。

“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。

在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说，“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。

当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。

我们只招募核心员工。

”2这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。

他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。

然而，每家公司也从新人中招人。

他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。

“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。

假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。

”只是这样有点儿冒险。

3“这是一种有根据的猜测，”我的人事经理客户说。

作为未来的一名员工，你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。

4特征1：无私的合作者职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。

关于这个特征，人们已经写了大量的文章。

它之所以值得被反复谈及，是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。

“这里需要合作，”费策尔说，“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。

在企业环境中，没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。

”5许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。

因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。

你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力：为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。

这个方法，加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们”，而不是“我”，能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。

研究生英语阅读教程Unit1课后作业及答案V ocabulary: Choice QuestionC 。

1The Car Connectivity Consortium was founded under U.S. law as a limited liability corporation. CA assetsB businessC responsibilityD investmentC ）2Suffering was easier to bear than the bitterness he felt corroding his spirit.CA inspiringB revealingC destroyingDreleasing2、Reading Comprehension: Choice QuestionB The "black swan" in Paragraph 4 means that the thing in question________.A is preciousBrarely happensCis only our dreamD catches our attention4）A By "the pattern seems clear" (Paragraph 1), the author implies that what happened at Deepwater Horizon________.A has its unique reasonsB is not an isolated eventC is avoidable if taken seriouslyD is unavoidable no matter what5）A By "it would be foolish to think that the only risks we are still underestimating are the ones that have suddenly becomesalient" in Paragraph 9, the author means to stress that________.A there are also risks in fields other than the oil industryB there are more risks in the oil industry than we have knownC we no longer underestimate the risks in the oil industryD we should be careful not to underestimate the risks again in the future.A 6）The author describes in detail the greenhouse gas effect to________.A re mind people of the possible risks aheadB t ry to persuade the global warming skepticsC tell people to face reality and take initiativesD convince people of the reliability of his information3、V ocabulary: Choice Question7）D）Sales are reminiscent of the 2008 holiday season when merchandise was marked down 50% to 80%. Aback fromB different fromCbetter thanD similar to4、Reading Comprehension: Choice QuestionC The author specifically mentions Joe Barton's criticism of BP to emphasize that________.A public opinions matter in the case of the oil spillsB the oil industry should impose pressure on BPC BP has indeed made unforgivable wrong decisionsD the fight against the oil industry is inconsistent5、V ocabulary: Choice Question9）D ou agree to waive the claim, which speaks well for your friendly attitude and close cooperation.A startB continueC changeD quit6、Reading Comprehension: Choice Question10 B Things with the high stakes________.A should be left to the market aloneB can be better handled with government helpC can be better solved by the market than the governmentD may be made worse by government intervention11）D Michael Greenstone would summarize the role played by the 1990 law as________.A beneficialB unpredictableC negligibleD adverse12 D The author's purpose in writing the article is to________.A call on the public to condemn the oil industryB offer solutions to the problems in the oil industryC expose the deal between the industry and the governmentD analyze the reasons behind the oil disasters and issue warnings7、Cloze13）.（20分）There are ten blanks in the following passage. Read the passage carefully and choose the right word or phrase from the list given below for each of the blanks. Change the form if necessary.unexpected regardless of necessarily puzzle altersevere come up with shrink wisdom tendResearchers in California have found that birds around San Francisco Bay have slowly gotten bigger over the last 27 to 40 years. The finding is certainly interesting—because it counterssome conventional_ _ wisdom 1__on how animals respond to climate change.A well-known ecological rule, called Bergmann's Rule, states that animals__ tend 2__to be larger at higher latitudes. It is believed that this occurs because larger animals are better able to conserve body heat. Bergmann's Rule, then, would suggest that animals will__ shrink 3__in size as their native climates get warmer."We had the good fortune to find a(n)_ unexpected _4__result," Rae Goodman, the researcher at the SanFrancisco State who led the study explained, "but we were then left with the_ puzzle _5__of figuring out what was going on."They__6 come up with __several possibilities, all indicating that birds—and ultimately other animals—may respond to climate change in unexpected ways. One theory is that the larger body size was caused by fat stores which have increased in response to__ severe7__weather events. Another was that changes in plant ecology could have__ altered 8__the birds' diet, leading to increased body sizes.__ Regardless of 9__the specific mechanism, it is clear that climate change is causing significant shifts in traits—like body size—that don't usually exhibit much flexibility.Though the finding was unexpected, however, it was not _ necessarily _10__ all bad news. "It gave me a little more hope," Study Co-Author Gretchen LeBuhn explained, "that these birds are able to respond—hopefully in time—to changes in climate."8、V ocabulary: Choice Question14）B About 1% to 2% of the population are affected by temporary loss of smell: drugs, pollution and pregnancy can all distort the senses.A work withB interfere withC associate withD come with15 A Humans have trouble evaluating risks that are not salient.A noticeableB uniqueC acceptableD real9、V ocabulary: Blank Filling）Choose the best word or expression from the list given for each blank. Use each word or expression only once and make proper changes where necessary.1. The Secretary of State for Environment has the power to_ cap _1__councils which plan to spend excessively.2. __2 In the wake of __two heart surgeries, Clinton, 65, has lost 25 pounds and appears fit.3. Ernest seems to have as many lives as the__ proverbial3__cat.4. Most of my worries__ stem from 4__wondering whether or not I'm pleasing the woman I'm with.5. At room temperature, the__ odds 5__of that happening are once in a billion years.6. It is very wet here, a big surprise_ given _6__the fact this isa polar desert.7. Celebrity sometimes makes people think they are fireproof: their fans love them__ come what may 7__.8. _ Far from _8__being relaxed, we both felt so uncomfortable that we hardly spoke.9. If anything, money spent on political donations and lobbying holds more__ sway 9__when it is unexamined.10. __ In retrospect 10__, I wished I had thought about alternative courses of action.10、Reading Comprehension: Choice Question17）C People's fear of planes after the 9/11 attacks________.A is understandableB drives them crazyC cannot be fully justifiedD proves to be well-grounded11、V ocabulary: Choice Question18）B His wife set about upbraiding him for neglecting the children.A encouragingB criticizingC understandingD hating19）A For the would-be online criminals, the likelihood of their getting caught and punished is vanishingly small, yet the profits are great.A extremelyB probablyC unfortunatelyD slightly20）C Do you look forward to old age, or do you dread frailty, loss of memory and dependence on others?A lonelinessB povertyC weaknessD illness12、Reading Comprehension: Choice Question21 D How might Robert Stavins comment on the BP executives and their mistakes?A Nobody in their right mind would make such mistakes.B They have everything in their power to avoid the mistakes.C These mistakes are actually beyond human control.D These mistakes, though serious, reflect common human weakness.13、V ocabulary: Choice Question22）D I greatly enjoy these meetings unless I have to make a speech, in which case I'm in a state of dreadful anxiety.A unexpectedB naturalC understandableD terrible。

《研究生英语综合教程上》1-6单元练习参考答案Unit One Planning Your Future CareerReading Focus Traits of the Key PlayersText ExplorationTask 2 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. BVocabulary in ActionTask 1 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. B Task 2 1. public (c) 2. discipline (b)3. strength (a)4. reference (a)5. strength (d)6. public (a)7. demonstrated (b) 8. discipline (c)9. reference (c) 10. personality (a)11. disciplining (d) 12. demonstrates (a)13. public (d) 14. reference (b)15. personality (c)Task 3 1. employment 2. paid 3. adjust4. setting5. discouraged6. credit7. cite 8. demonstrate 9. teamwork 10. rulesTranslation PracticeParagraph One“一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行。

这意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行。

”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一，就是要更快到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。

这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。

Unit One An Image or a MirageIII.VocabularyA.1.unassuming2.stemmed from3.infallible4.had taken to5.prospect6.flabby7.More often than not8.devious9.tipped the scales in her favor10.rapportB.1.instinctual2.immediate3.deposit4.frail5.seedy6.magnetic7.extroverted8.book9.unwarranted10.refinedC.1.D2.C3.B4.A5.A6.C7.C8.B9.D10.BIV.Cloze1.which2.run3.concerned4.familiar5.evident6.even7.what8.Consequently9knowing10.By11.one12.how13.Once14.obtainable15.yourself 16.mind17.from18.never19.pays20.considered V.TranslationA.从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。

他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。

这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。

就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。

我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。

再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。

然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。

我认识许多才能杰出的人物，他们只是没有培养自己在公开场合演讲的能力，但在与别人一对一的交流中却表现极为出色。