翻译练习2篇(2)
- 格式:docx
- 大小:16.83 KB
- 文档页数:2
简单翻译练习题翻译是学习外语的必备技能之一,通过翻译的实践,我们可以锻炼自己的语言能力,提高对不同语言之间的理解和应用。
下面是一些简单的翻译练习题,帮助大家巩固和提高翻译技巧。
1. Translate the following sentence into Chinese:"The cat is sleeping on the sofa."这只猫正在沙发上睡觉。
2. 将下面的句子翻译成英语:"我喜欢在周末去公园散步。
"I like to take a walk in the park on the weekends.3. Translate the following sentence into Chinese:"My favorite color is blue because it reminds me of the sky."我最喜欢的颜色是蓝色,因为它让我想起了天空。
4. 将下面的句子翻译成英语:"这个电影非常有趣,我建议你去看一下。
"This movie is very interesting, I suggest you go and see it.5. Translate the following sentence into Chinese:"She is studying Chinese at university."她正在大学学习中文。
6. 将下面的句子翻译成英语:"我在周末通常和朋友们一起打篮球。
"I usually play basketball with my friends on the weekends.7. Translate the following sentence into Chinese:"Could you please pass me the salt?"请把盐递给我好吗?8. 将下面的句子翻译成英语:"那个建筑物非常古老,已经有几百年的历史了。
大学英语四六级翻译练习题库(地理文化13篇)第一篇、北京(第一篇、北京(11)北京是中华人民共和国的首都,北京是中华人民共和国的首都,也是全国的政治和文化中心。
也是全国的政治和文化中心。
也是全国的政治和文化中心。
大大约70 万年前,北京人万年前,北京人(Peking (Peking Man)出现在北京西南48 公里的周口店地区。
十世纪初期,北京成为辽代口店地区。
十世纪初期,北京成为辽代(the (the Liao Dynasty)的第二个的第二个都城。
从那时起,北京先后成为金、元、明和清四朝的首都,直至1911 年。
年。
19491949 年10 月1 日,毛主席在北京向全世界宣布了中华人民共和国的成立。
北京人口超过2000 万,大约1000 万人住在城里,其他人住在郊区。
考点:段落翻译;正确答案:Beijing is the capital of People’s Republic of China, as well as the national political and cultural center. About 700,000 years ago, Peking Man appeared at the Zhoukoudian area, which was 48 kilometers southwest of Beijing. In the early 10th century, Beijing became the second capital of the Liao Dynasty. From then on, Beijing had been the capital of Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty in sequence until 1911.Chairman Mao announced to the whole world the founding of People ’ s republic of China on October 1st, 1949 in Beijing. Beijing has a population of 20 million, about half of which live in the city while the rest lives in the suburbs. 文字解析:1.1.首都:首都:首都:capital capital capital,也可以表示省会。
汉译英练习题Chinese to English Translation ExerciseIn recent years, more and more people in China have started learning English. As a result, there is an increasing demand for translations from Chinese to English. To help improve your translation skills, here are three practice exercises for you to work on.Exercise 1:中国是一个拥有悠久历史和丰富文化的国家。
中华文明的发展可以追溯到数千年前的古代。
中国有着独特的音乐、绘画、戏剧、舞蹈等艺术形式,这些都是中华文化的瑰宝。
此外,中国的建筑、服饰、传统节日等也深受世界各地的人们喜爱。
Translation 1:China is a country with a long history and rich culture. The development of Chinese civilization can be traced back to ancient times thousands of years ago. China has unique art forms such as music, painting, drama, and dance, which are all treasures of Chinese culture. In addition, Chinese architecture, clothing, and traditional festivals are also beloved by people from all over the world.Exercise 2:中国菜是世界上最受欢迎的菜系之一。
英语四级翻译专项练习英语四级翻译专项练习1每年农历七月初七是中国的情人节(Valentines Day )。
关于这个节日有一个美丽的传说:王母娘娘(theQueen of Heaven )最年幼的女儿“织女”爱上了人间的男子“牛郎”,王母反对仙女与凡人相爱,就用银河(Milky Way)将他们隔开。
但牛郎和织女的爱情感动了人间的喜鹊(magpie),每年七月初七这一天,喜鹊会搭起一座鹊桥让这对情侣相见。
而如今在这一天,年轻的女子常在月下向织女祈祷,期望得到美满的姻缘。
英语四级翻译专项练习翻译The seventh day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar is Chinese Valentines Day. There is a beautiful legend about this festival: Zhi Nu, the youngest daughter of the Queen of Heaven, fell in love with Niu Lang, a cowherd on earth. Zhi Nus mother was opposed to the love between a fairy and a human, so she separated the two lovers with the Milky Way. However, their love story moved the magpies on earth. Those magpies gather together annually on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month to form a “magpie bridge”,so that the couple can meet each other once in a year. Today, on this day, young girls often pray to Zhi Nu in the moonlight, wishing for a happy marriage.英语四级翻译专项练习讲解1.农历:表示农历应该在“某月某日”后面加上in the lunar calendar (因农历与月球的运转有关),或者简译为on the...day of the...lunar month。
英语四级翻译练习与译文【翻译原文】放鞭炮曾是春节庆祝活动中最重要的习俗之一。
然而,担心燃放鞭炮可能会带来危险和烦人的噪音,政府已在许多大城市下令禁止燃放鞭炮。
但在小城镇和农村地区的人们仍然坚持这种传统的庆祝活动。
除夕夜一旦时钟撞响午夜12点钟,城市和乡镇都被烟花的闪闪光芒映亮,鞭炮声震耳欲聋。
一家人熬夜就为这个欢乐的时刻,孩子们一手拿鞭炮,一手拿火机兴高采烈地点放着他们在这个特殊节日的快乐,尽管他们吓得捂着耳朵。
【参考译文】Lighting Firecrackers used to be one of the most important customs in the Spring Festival celebration. However, concerning the danger and the negative noises that lighting firecrackers may bring, the government has banned this practice in many major cities. But people in small towns and rural areas still hold to this traditional celebration. Right as the clock strike 12 oclock midnight of New Years Eve, cities and towns are lit up with the glitter from fireworks, and the sound can be deafening. Families stay up for this joyful moment and kids with firecrackers in one hand and a lighter in another cheerfully light their happiness in this especial occasion, even though they plug their ears.【翻译原文】在春节第一天或此后不久,大家都穿着新衣服,带着弓向亲戚和朋友打招呼并恭喜(祝贺),彼此祝愿在新的一年里好运,幸福。
长句翻译课后练习(五篇范例)第一篇:长句翻译课后练习长句翻译课后练习1这家实业公司建于四年前,隶属上海工业技术发展中心,注重协调帮助所属企业进行生产技术的更新、老厂机制的转换,并且参与投资。
2上海大众汽车公司是一家中德合资企业,去年汽车产量为十万辆,预计今年产量可再增加五万两。
3可能知道中国一向坚持开放政策并对引进国外投资采取积极立场,以在平等互利的基础上与其他国家扩大经济合作和技术交流。
4.许多人都说他是个笨蛋, 但果真如此吗?5.应当承认, 每个民族都有它的长处, 不然它为什么能存在? 为什么能发展?6中国学生很灵, 一挥而就, 洋教师阅后,评出了最佳作文一篇, 学生们听后大为不解, 这种文章怎么能被评为“最佳”?7几千年来,形成老者自以为经验丰富而鄙薄少年为处事幼稚,而少年自以为活力充沛而蔑视老者为老朽昏庸。
这真是偏颇的见地!8农民的生活水平不断提高,大部分农民已解决了温饱问题,不少农民已过上小康生活。
9父亲毕竟比她多吃了几年盐, 她的男朋友是什么样的人, 父亲一看就知道。
10他很少乘车坐船, 几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭, 长途跋涉;为了弄清大自然的真相, 他总是挑选道路艰险的山区、人迹稀少的森林进行考察, 发现了许多奇山秀景。
11你们的人参酒质量很好,但包装较差,瓶子易碎,纸盒太薄,对我们今后的订货,请每瓶套一只泡沫塑料套,并装在较厚的纸盒内,否则我们只能放弃这个业务。
12这种经营方式的特点是共同投资,共同管理,共负盈亏,可使双方的关系更为密切,协作更为加强,对双方都是有利的。
13我在学堂里坐着, 心里也闷, 不如给他家放牛, 倒快活些。
14要解决问题, 还需做系统而周密的调查研究, 这就是分析的过程。
15各种语言嘈杂极了, 有的在吵架, 有的在患难中谈爱, 真是一个热闹的世界。
16中国目前的教育制度可以分为四个阶段:学前教育,也就是托儿所和幼儿园阶段,然后从六岁开始六年小学,六年中学和四年大学17我们工厂引进了最先进的工艺和设备来提高印花行业的技术,我们倡导高科技和高生产力,产品质量稳定,花样美观,另外我们还坚持高产低耗的原则。
信陵君窃符救赵翻译2篇秦王到宴会完毕,始终不能占赵国的上风。
赵国也准备了许多兵马防备秦国,秦国不敢妄动。
(渑池之会)结束之后,就回到本国,(赵王)因为蔺相如功劳大,任命他做上卿,职位在廉颇之上。
廉颇说:“我当赵国的大将,有攻城野战的大功劳,可是蔺相如只凭着言词立下功劳,如今职位却比我高。
况且蔺相如出身卑贱,我感到羞耻,不能忍受(自己的职位)在他之下的屈辱!”扬言说:“我碰见蔺相如,一定要羞辱他。
”蔺相如听见这话,不肯和廉颇见面。
相如每到上朝时,常说有病,不愿和廉颇争高低。
过了些日子,蔺相如出门,远远望见廉颇,就叫自己的车子绕道躲开。
于是他的门下客人都对相如说:“我们所以离开家人前来投靠您,就是因为爱慕您的崇高品德啊。
现在您和廉颇将军职位一样高,廉将军在外面讲您的坏话,您却害怕而躲避他,恐惧得那么厉害。
连一个平常人也觉得羞愧,何况您还身为将相呢!我们实在不中用,请让我们告辞回家吧!”蔺相如坚决挽留他们,说:“你们看廉将军和秦王哪个厉害?”回答说:“自然不如(秦王)。
”相如说:“象秦王那样威风,而我还敢在秦国的朝廷上叱责过他,羞辱他的群臣。
我虽然无能,难道单怕一个廉将军吗?但我考虑到这样的问题,强大的秦国之所以不敢发兵攻打我们赵国,只是因为有我们两人在。
现在两虎相斗,势必有一个要伤亡。
我之所以这样做,是因为先顾国家的安危,而后考虑个人的恩怨啊。
”廉颇听到了这些话,便解衣赤背,背上荆条,由宾客引着到蔺相如府上谢罪,说:“我这鄙贱的人,不晓得将军宽厚到这个地步啊!”两人终于和好,成为誓同生死的朋友。
九牛坝观抵戏记原文阅读及翻译译文休息过后,杂技班的人就把表演场子换一个地方,挑出一块有短草的平地,把石子瓦片都拣起丢开,然后接起木棍做成高跷,离地约有八尺多高。
一个男人脸上搽了油彩,手里挥动扇子,踩在高跷上唱歌、说笑话,大步走来走去。
他一再踩了高跷跳跃,后来又在上面舞大刀,旋转飞舞,很有节奏。
这样的表演,我老家和江东一带有时也有的,甚至高跷有一丈多高的,不过表演者只能踩了它行走,不敢跳舞。
英语六级真题翻译范文第1篇I have a kind mother. Here, let me use the _language_ camera to take a picture of her!She has a pair of big eyes and double-fold eyelid. Tilted slightly under the nose of a severe mouth, is not tall. Mother\'s hand is very rough, because dad on a business trip in the outside, mum do all the chores. Such as cleaning, washing clothes and so on, her hand how does not become rough? Rough hands it doesn\'t matter, however, when her hands gently pat when I fell asleep, will also bring me warm, let I drifted into sleep.At ordinary times mom to my learning method is very concerned about. No matter how busy, she will carefully check my homework, I won\'t do topic she would teach me patiently. If the homework careless, she often remind me, want me to be careful. She comforted me: _you are also pretty good, get rid of this trouble, would be much good._ Listen to the mother, I told myself, must correct the flaws of this careless. Summer, mom know I study very tired, you take me to travel, see the world, I have learned many knowledge outside.Because I love my mom, so I know, mom, mom is of concern to me, so I am proud of I have a good mother.参考翻译我有一个慈祥的妈妈。
大学英语四六级翻译练习题库(饮食文化11篇)第一篇、北京烤鸭北京烤鸭是北京的招牌菜,它的独到之处在于不仅味道鲜美,而且含有丰富的营养价值,被誉为“天下美味”,驰名中外。
北京烤鸭需经过约45 分钟的烤制,烤出的鸭子以皮质酥脆(crispy skin)、肉质鲜嫩为特色,这是其受欢迎的最大原因。
在众多的北京烤鸭店中最知名的两个是全聚德和便宜坊,这两家烤鸭店都已经有上百年的历史了。
考点:段落翻译;正确答案:Beijing roast duck is a specialty dish and it is unique not only for its delicious taste, but also for the rich nutrition, for which it has been crowned as the top delicacy and known both home and abroad. It takes about 45 minutes to roast a duck. The roast duck is featured by crispy skin and tender meat, which contributes most to its popularity. Among the numerous roast duck restaurants are the most famous two brands—Quanjude and Bianyifang, both of which have a history of hundreds of years.文字解析:1.北京烤鸭,可以翻译为Beijing roast duck,这里不要使用toast.2.招牌菜:specialty 被誉为:可以翻译为be honored/crowned/names as3.美味:delicacy,delicacy 本身就是美味佳肴的意思驰名中外:可以翻译为enjoy/win fame both home and abroad,或者be known both home and abroad.第二篇、功夫茶功夫茶(Gongfu tea)不是一种茶叶或茶的名字,而是一种冲泡的手艺。
文言文《黄香温席》翻译(2篇)(经典版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改,请根据实际需要进行调整和使用,谢谢!并且,本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文,如工作资料、求职资料、报告大全、方案大全、合同协议、条据文书、教学资料、教案设计、作文大全、其他范文等等,想了解不同范文格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this shop provides you with various types of classic model essays, such as work materials, job search materials, report encyclopedia, scheme encyclopedia, contract agreements, documents, teaching materials, teaching plan design, composition encyclopedia, other model essays, etc. if you want to understand different model essay formats and writing methods, please pay attention!文言文《黄香温席》翻译(2篇)《三字经》,是中国的传统启蒙教材。
英汉翻译练习16篇(参考译文)·英汉翻译练习翻译16篇1.用翻译学外语经验谈大凡水平较高的人都接受过两种教育,一种是从师,另一种更为直接、更为重要——自学。
……在做法语和拉丁语翻译时,我采用了一个极好的方法。
在此,我愿从自己成功的经验出发,把它介绍给学生们效仿。
我选择了一些经典作家,如西塞罗和维脱,因为他们的文体纯正优雅,最受好评。
譬如,我把西塞罗的书信译成法语,然后把译文搁置一旁,等其中的词句和短语全都忘光之后,再把法语译文回译成我力所能及的拉丁语。
最后,拿我那蹩脚的译文与那位罗马演说家平易、优美、用词精当的原文,逐句逐句进行对照。
同样,我也拿维脱的《革命文献》做过好些页的翻译练习。
我把它们先译成拉丁语,搁置一段时间以后,再把它们回译成法语,然后,就我的习作和原文之间的异同,做详细的比较。
渐渐地.我对自己感到比较满意了。
我坚持这种对译的练习,竟用了好几个笔记本。
最后,我终于熟悉了两种语言的习惯用法,至少掌握了一种正确的文体。
这种有益的书面翻译练习还要与欣赏名著这种更为愉快的活动同时或交叉进行。
认真阅读罗马经典著作,对我来说既是一种练习也是一种犒赏。
(爱德华·吉朋)(译文参考祝吉芳编著《英汉翻译——方法与试笔》,北京大学出版社,2004)2.罗马假日影评(节选)当电影发展到苦乐交融的高潮时,通过一种感人的方式把人物带回到现实世界,人物升华到了真正的高尚和无私的精神境界。
派克越来越少考虑把赫本作为独家新闻,更多地把她看作是一个具有完美人格的真实的人。
他在对赫本的爱和想攀上事业阶梯的欲望之间挣扎着。
最后,他选择了爱,放弃了金钱和名誉。
派克以一贯稳健的表演(坚毅的形象)演绎了一个令人难以忘怀的结局。
结尾的处理真实而浪漫,暗示着一种超乎现实之外的精神上的启示。
这一苦乐交融的结局使“罗马假日”免于沦为一类题材的浪漫喜剧-----它们经常靠制造紧张的情节以获得一个美满的结局。
3.人在旅途无论你是谁,无论你身在何方,此时此刻,你我有一个共同点,一个永远伴随你我的共同点。
2018年12月英语六级翻译练习:颐和园2篇2018年12月英语六级翻译练习:颐和园请将下面这段话翻译成英文:颐和园(the Summer Palace)位于北京市西北部的海淀区,距北京市中心15公里.它是中国最大、保存最完好的皇家园林.颐和园有著名的自然风景和人文景观(cultural landscape),因此它也一直被公认为是皇家园林博物馆.顾和园始建于1750年,作为一座豪华的皇家花园供皇室成员休息和娱乐.清朝末期,颐和园成为了皇家成员的主要居住地.它位列世界遗产(the World Heritage Sites)目录,也是中国第一批国家5A级旅游景区之一.参考译文The Summer Palace is situated in the Haidian District,northwest of Beijing City,15 kilometers from central Beijing.It is the largest and most well-preserved royal park in China.It also has long been recognized as the Museum of Royal Gardenswith famous natural view and cultural landscape.The construction started in 1750 as a luxurious royal garden for royal families to rest and entertain.It became the main residence of royal members in the end of the Qing Dynasty.It not only ranks amongst the World Heritage Sites but also is one of the first national AAAAA tourist spots in China 请将下面这段话翻译成英文:颐和园(the Summer Palace)被认为是中国古典园林最好的例证(paradigm)。
英语专业八级考试翻译练习(共10篇,附答案)英语专业八级考试翻译练习(1)TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A: CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the following underlined text into English.简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日,婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深,艺术和思想是否有过人之处,的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩,并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献,也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白,那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过,女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序,改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度,明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESETranslate the following underlined text into Chinese.I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured---the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life? For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it isharder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups ---when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities ---the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are, sadly, more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.英语专业八级考试翻译练习(2)TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A: CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the following underlined text into English.近读报纸,对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多,于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬,随笔记下来,似乎不无借鉴之处。
中国菜系相关英语四级翻译练习,2篇中国菜系相关的英语四级翻译练习1中国一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家,每个民族都有其独特的丰富菜肴。
地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传统、民族风俗和其他因素的影响下经过悠久历史的发展已经成形。
最有影响力、最具代表性的是鲁、川、粵、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜系,这八种被人们称为“八大菜系”。
中国的“八大菜系”(Eight Major Cuisines)是以多种多样的烹饪方法区分的,各有其长处。
参考翻译:China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes. Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors. The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan,Yue, Min, Su,Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are monly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”. Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines”in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.中国菜系相关的英语四级翻译练习2如果某人说“我喜欢中国菜”,这种说法似乎过于简单了。
practice的中文翻译2篇【第一篇】题目:练习在我们日常生活中的重要性在我们的生活中,练习是一项至关重要的活动。
无论是学习一门新的技能,还是提升我们已有的技能,练习都是我们取得进步的关键。
通过不断地练习,我们能够巩固知识,提高技能,并逐渐成为更优秀的人。
首先,练习有助于巩固知识。
当我们学习新的知识时,如果不进行练习,我们很容易就会忘记所学的内容。
例如,当我们学习一门新的语言时,如果不进行口语练习和阅读练习,我们很难掌握这门语言并流利地使用它。
因此,通过不断地练习,我们能够巩固所学的知识,使其深入脑海,不易忘记。
其次,练习对于提高技能也是至关重要的。
无论是运动技能、音乐技巧还是绘画艺术,只有通过长时间的练习和反复的实践,我们才能够将技能发展到更高的水平。
例如,职业运动员需要每天进行长时间的训练和练习,才能在比赛中展现出高水平的运动技能。
在音乐方面,出色的音乐家通常需要反复练习乐曲,以达到熟练的演奏水平。
因此,练习是我们提高技能的重要途径。
最后,通过练习,我们可以逐渐成为更优秀的人。
练习不仅仅是在知识和技能上的提升,还培养了我们的毅力和专注力。
当我们面对困难和挑战时,只有坚持不懈地进行练习,才能够战胜困难并取得进步。
同时,练习还教会了我们耐心和坚持。
当我们在练习过程中遇到失败或犯错误时,只有坚持下去,才能够最终取得成功。
因此,通过练习,我们能够成为一个更强大、更有韧性的人。
综上所述,练习在我们日常生活中的重要性不容忽视。
通过练习,我们能够巩固知识,提高技能,并逐渐成为更优秀的人。
因此,让我们每天都坚持练习,不断进步,追求更好的自己。
【第二篇】题目:练习音乐的益处音乐是一门美妙的艺术,通过练习音乐,我们能够获得许多益处。
无论是身体上的好处,还是心理上的提升,练习音乐都能够带给我们愉悦和快乐。
首先,练习音乐对于我们的身体健康有益。
当我们学习弹奏乐器时,需要运用手指灵活性和手眼协调能力。
这种细致的动作能够锻炼我们的手部肌肉和神经系统。
一、对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。
中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。
中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。
在中国人的心目中,龙具有开拓变化和团结凝聚的寓意.(1) 对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。
Chinese Dragon totem worship in China has been around for over 8,000 years.(2)中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。
The ancients in China considered the dragon (or loong) as a fetish that combine s animals including the fish,snake,horse and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena. (3) 中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步.The Chinese dragon was formed in accordance with the multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation。
(4) 在中国人的心目中,龙具有开拓变化和团结凝聚的寓意.To the Chinese,the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion.二、秧歌舞是中国汉族的一种民间传统舞蹈,通常在北方省份表演。
秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装,他们的表演动作有力迅速。
在农历春节、元宵节等节日期间,人们一旦听到锣鼓声,不管外面天气有多冷,他们都会蜂拥到街上看秧歌舞表演。
近年来,中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了了秧歌队,队员常年通过跳秧歌舞来保持健康,同时他们也乐在其中。
Passage 1
❶Research has shown that caffeine does indeed reduce sleepiness and can lead to better academic performance since students can spend more time studying. ❷Despite its effectiveness in counteracting sleepiness, caffeine can have a negative impact on subsequent sleep, which for many students may already be compromised. ❸Specifically, caffeinated beverages consumed near bedtime at night can prolong sleep onset and reduce sleep efficiency and depth, thus affecting both sleep quality and duration. ❹Most of the research on how caffeine affects sleepiness/alertness has focused on coffee or no-doze pills. ❺However, a new kind of caffeinated drink has become increasingly popular, namely functional energy drinks (FEDs). ❻FEDs are marketed as products that can improve both mental and physical performance. ❼ In addition to containing caffeine, FEDs have other active ingredients such as taurine, glucose, and glucuronolactone. ❽Exactly how these ingredients together affect alertness remains unclear.
研究表明,咖啡因确实可以减少嗜睡现象。
由于学生能够用更多时间来学习,他们的成绩也会提高。
尽管咖啡因可以有效地缓解疲倦,但也会对正常睡眠产生负面影响,许多学生或许已是深受其累却有苦难言。
具体而言,睡前饮用含咖啡因的饮料会使入睡时间变长,也会破坏睡眠效果,使人难以进入深度睡眠的状态,因而影响睡眠质量和时间。
一直以来,大多数研究都关注咖啡或抗困倦药物中的咖啡因如何影响睡意/警觉性。
然而,一种新型的含咖啡因饮料已变得越来越流行,这就是功能性能量饮料(FED)。
这种饮料以改善心理状态,提升身体机能为卖点。
除了咖啡因,功能性饮料还含有其他活性成分,如牛磺酸,葡萄糖及葡萄糖醛酸内酯。
这些成分到底如何影响警觉性尚不清楚。
Passage 2
❶Self-citations – those where authors cite their own works – account for a significant portion of all citations. ❷These self-citations may result from the cumulative nature of individual research, the need for personal gratification, or the value of self-citation as a rhetorical and tactical tool in the struggle for visibility and scientific authority. ❸In this article we examine the incentives that underlie citation by studying how authors’ references to their own works affect the citations they receive from others. ❹We report the results of a macro study of more than half a million citations to articles by Norwegian scientists that appeared in the Science Citation Index. ❺We show that the more one cites oneself the more one is cited by other scholars. ❻Controlling for numerous sources of variation in cumulative citation from others, our models suggest that each additional self-citation increases the number of citations from others by about one after one year, and by about three after five years. ❼ Moreover, there is no significant penalty for the most frequent
self-citers – the effect of self-citation remains positive even for very high rates of self-citation. ❽ These results carry important policy implications for the use of citations to evaluate performance and distribute resources in science and they represent new information on the role and impact of self-citations in scientific communication.。