精品课件-不定积分公式大全 (2)
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1)∫0dx=c 不定积分的定义2)∫x^udx=(x^(u+1))/(u+1)+c3)∫1/xdx=ln|x|+c4)∫a^xdx=(a^x)/lna+c5)∫e^xdx=e^x+c6)∫sinxdx=-cosx+c7)∫cosxdx=sinx+c8)∫1/(cosx)^2dx=tanx+c9)∫1/(sinx)^2dx=-cotx+c10)∫1/√(1-x^2) dx=arcsinx+c11)∫1/(1+x^2)dx=arctanx+c12)∫1/(a^2-x^2)dx=(1/2a)ln|(a+x)/(a-x)|+c13)∫secxdx=ln|secx+tanx|+c 基本积分公式14)∫1/(a^2+x^2)dx=1/a*arctan(x/a)+c15)∫1/√(a^2-x^2) dx=(1/a)*arcsin(x/a)+c16) ∫sec^2 x dx=tanx+c;17) ∫shx dx=chx+c;18) ∫chx dx=shx+c;19) ∫thx dx=ln(chx)+c;When you are old and grey and full of sleep, And nodding by the fire, take down this book,And slowly read, and dream of the soft lookYour eyes had once, and of their shadows deep; How many loved your moments of glad grace, And loved your beauty with love false or true,But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,And loved the sorrows of your changing face; And bending down beside the glowing bars, Murmur, a little sadly, how love fledAnd paced upon the mountains overheadAnd hid his face amid a crowd of stars.The furthest distance in the worldIs not between life and deathBut when I stand in front of youYet you don't know thatI love you.The furthest distance in the worldIs not when I stand in front of youYet you can't see my loveBut when undoubtedly knowing the love from both Yet cannot be together.The furthest distance in the worldIs not being apart while being in loveBut when I plainly cannot resist the yearningYet pretending you have never been in my heart. The furthest distance in the worldIs not struggling against the tidesBut using one's indifferent heartTo dig an uncrossable riverFor the one who loves you.When you are old and grey and full of sleep, And nodding by the fire, take down this book, And slowly read, and dream of the soft look Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep; How many loved your moments of glad grace, And loved your beauty with love false or true, But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,And loved the sorrows of your changing face; And bending down beside the glowing bars,Murmur, a little sadly, how love fledAnd paced upon the mountains overheadAnd hid his face amid a crowd of stars.The furthest distance in the worldIs not between life and deathBut when I stand in front of youYet you don't know thatI love you.The furthest distance in the worldIs not when I stand in front of youYet you can't see my loveBut when undoubtedly knowing the love from both Yet cannot be together.The furthest distance in the worldIs not being apart while being in loveBut when I plainly cannot resist the yearningYet pretending you have never been in my heart. The furthest distance in the worldIs not struggling against the tidesBut using one's indifferent heartTo dig an uncrossable riverFor the one who loves you.倚窗远眺,目光目光尽处必有一座山,那影影绰绰的黛绿色的影,是春天的颜色。
不定积分公式大全幂函数类型主要有两个基本公式:1、∫x^ndx=x^(n+1)/(n+1) +C, 其中n≠-1.2、∫1/xdx=ln|x|+C, 即当n=-1时的幂函数类型.含有一次二项式类型有如下几个基本公式:3、∫x/(a+bx)dx=(bx-aln|a+bx|)/b^2+C.4、∫x/(a+bx)^2dx=(a/(a+bx)+ln|a+bx|)/b^2+C.5、∫x^2/(a+bx)dx=(-bx(2a-bx)/2+a^2ln|a+bx|)/b^3+C.6、∫x^2/(a+bx)^2dx=(bx-a^2/(a+bx)-2aln|a+bx|)/b^3+C.7、∫x^2/(a+bx)^3dx=(2a/(a+bx)-a^2/(2(a+bx)^2)+ln|a+bx|)/b^3+C.8、∫1/(x(a+bx))dx=ln|x/(a+bx)| /a+C.含有二次二项式的平方和差类型有如下的基本公式:(其中结果出现反三角函数的也可以归为反三角函数类型)9、∫1/(a^2+x^2)dx=arctan(x/a) /a+C. 特别地,当a=1时,∫1/(1+x^2)dx=arctanx+C.10、∫1/(x^2-a^2)dx= -∫1/(a^2-x^2)dx= ln|(x-a)/(x+a)| /(2a)+C.11、∫1/根号(a^2-x^2)dx= arcsin (x/a)+C. 特别地,当a=1时,∫1/根号(1-x^2)dx= arcsinx +C.12、∫1/(x根号(x^2-a^2))dx= arccos (a/x) /a+C. 特别地,当a=1时,∫1/(x 根号(x^2-1))dx= arccos(1/x)+C.三角函数类型不定积分公式有很多,以下列举出最常见的,它们都是成对出现的:13、∫sinxdx=-cosx+C;∫cosxdx=sinx+C.14、∫(sinx)^2dx=(x-sinxcosx)/2+C;∫(cosx)^2dx=(x+sinxcosx)/2+C.15、∫xsinxdx=sinx-xcosx+C;∫xcosxdx=cosx+xsinx+C.16、∫tanxdx=-ln|cosx|+C;∫cotxdx=ln|sinx|+C.17、∫(tanx)^2dx=-x+tanx+C;∫(cotx)^2dx=-x-cotx+C.18、∫secxdx=ln|secx+tanx|+C; ∫cscxdx=ln|cscx-cotx|+C.19、∫(secx)^2dx=tanx+C;∫(cscx)^2dx=-cotx+C.同样也有反三角函数类型的不定积分公式:20、∫arcsinxdx=xarcsinx+根号(1-x^2)+C;∫arccosxdx=xarccosx-根号(1-x^2)+C21、∫arctanxdx=xarctanx-ln(1+x^2) /2+C;∫arccotxdx=xarccotx+ln(1+x^2) /2+C.22、∫arcsecxdx=xarcsecx-ln|x+根号(x^2-1)|+C;∫arccscxdx=xarccscx+ln|x+根号(x^2-1)|+C.最后是指数函数和对数函数形式的不定积分公式:23、∫a^xdx=a^x /lna+C, 特别地,当a=e时,∫exdx=ex+C.24、∫lnxdx=x(lnx-1) +C.基本公式1、∫0dx=c2、∫x^udx=(x^u+1)/(u+1)+c3、∫1/xdx=ln|x|+c4、∫a^xdx=(a^x)/lna+c5、∫e^xdx=e^x+c6、∫sinxdx=-cosx+c7、∫cosxdx=sinx+c8、∫1/(cosx)^2dx=tanx+c9、∫1/(sinx)^2dx=-cotx+c不定积分:不定积分的积分公式主要有如下几类:含ax+b的积分、含√(a+bx)的积分、含有x^2±α^2的积分、含有ax^2+b(a>0)的积分、含有√(a²+x^2)(a>0)的积分、含有√(a^2-x^2)(a>0)的积分、含有√(|a|x^2+bx+c)(a≠0)的积分。
不定积分小结一、不定积分基本公式二、两个重要的递推公式(由分部积分法可得)易得:n为奇数时,可递推至n为偶数时,可递推至易得可递推至(这是有理函数分解后一种形式的积分的求法,大家可以回顾课本恢复记忆)三、普遍方法(一)换元积分法:第一类换元积分法(凑微分法)这类方法需要敏锐的观察力,即观察出某个函数的导数,这就要求我们熟悉常见函数的导数。
首先我们来看一下最常见的一类有理函数的例子配方可以得到解决。
与例1类似,我们有:接下来举几个我们可能不太熟悉的例子,不容易凑成微分。
至此可以用凑微分法了第二类换元积分法(1)利用三角函数进行代换:换元时必须要注意变量的范围,保证范围的等价性(通过例题体会)例如以下两个基本积分公式利用,这里x可以取到全体实数,那么函数的正负,所以这一点在涉及到开根号的三角函数表达式时尤为重要。
至此,有多种求法,比如说直接用递推公式,见第五页:令一种解法:利用倍角公式可以解出。
(2)倒代换,经常用在分母多项式次数较高的情况下(二)分部积分法查阅教材165页。
求得原函数,其中表示m次多项式。
例xxxe xd)1(2⎰+C xede xxedxxexdedxxedxxedxxedxxexedxxeexdxxxexxxxxxxxxxxxx++=+-+++=+++=+-+=+-+=+-+=+⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰11111111)1(1)1(1)1()1()1(2222(三)特殊函数积分法1、有理函数的不定积分参考教材171页有关有理函数分解定理的说明,比较繁琐,但要掌握。
关键在于将有理函数分解为要求的形式,并会解决分解后的各种函数的积分,其实我们可以将其归结为两种形式:第一页的递推公式:易得可递推至以下几例用于练习有理式的分解和计算:2、三角函数有理式的积分常用技巧:(1)凑微分若m和n都是偶数,利用将其化为同名函数。
若m或n为奇数,则拆开一个凑成微分,然后再化为同名函数,之后再利用(二、)中的递推公式。