Digital Learning Systems
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新视野大学英语Book II课后练习题答案Unit 1Section ALanguage focus3.Words in use1.condense2.exceed3.deficit4.exposure5.asset6.adequatepetent8.adjusting9.precisely 10.beneficial4.Word buildingWords learned new words formed-al/ialmanager managerialeditor editorialsubstantial substancesurvive survivaltraditional traditionmarginal margin-cyConsistent consistencyAccurate accuracyEfficiency efficient-yRecover recoveryMinister ministryassemble assembly5.1.editorial2.recovery3.accuracy4.substance5.managerial6.margin7.assembly8.Ministry9.survival 10.tradition11.consistency 12.efficient6.Banked cloze1.L2.C3.J4.A5.I6.O7.N8.E9.H 10.F7.Expressions in use1.feel obliged to2.be serious about3.run into4.distinguish between5.thrust upon6.was allergic to7.get lost8.be attracted to9.make sense 10.looked upon as9.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言,经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家使用。
数字化融合创新应用教与学案例English Answer:Case Study on Digital Convergence and Innovation in Teaching and Learning.The advancement of digital technologies has revolutionized various aspects of our lives, including education. The integration of digital tools and resources into teaching and learning has led to the emergence of innovative approaches that enhance the learning experiences for students and facilitate the delivery of education in new and engaging ways. This case study examines the implementation of digital convergence and innovation in teaching and learning, showcasing how these approaches have transformed the educational landscape and paved the way for more personalized, interactive, and effective learning environments.Digital Convergence.Digital convergence refers to the merging of different digital technologies, such as computers, mobile devices, and the internet, to create new and improved experiences. In the context of education, digital convergence has enabled the seamless integration of various digital tools and resources, including learning management systems (LMS), online educational platforms, mobile apps, and virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies.Innovative Applications.The integration of digital convergence in teaching and learning has given rise to innovative applications that transform the learning process. These applications include:Personalized Learning: Digital tools and platforms allow educators to personalize learning experiences for each student based on their individual needs, learning styles, and interests.Interactive Learning: Digital technologies provideopportunities for students to engage in interactive learning experiences, such as online simulations, virtual field trips, and collaborative projects, which enhance understanding and retention.Gamification: The incorporation of game elements into educational content makes learning more engaging and motivating for students.Virtual and Augmented Reality: VR and AR technologies create immersive learning environments that allow students to experience concepts and environments that may not be accessible in traditional classrooms.Data Analytics: Digital tools generate data that can be analyzed to provide insights into student progress, learning patterns, and areas for improvement.Benefits of Digital Convergence and Innovation.The implementation of digital convergence and innovation in teaching and learning offers numerousbenefits, including:Enhanced Student Engagement: Digital technologies make learning more interactive and engaging, increasing student attention and motivation.Improved Learning Outcomes: Interactive learning, personalized experiences, and data-driven insights contribute to improved student learning outcomes.Increased Access to Education: Digital technologies make education more accessible to students in remote areas or with disabilities.Collaboration and Communication: Online platforms facilitate collaboration among students and educators, fostering a sense of community and knowledge sharing.Data-Driven Decision-Making: Data analytics provide educators with valuable insights to make informed decisions about teaching strategies and interventions.Conclusion.Digital convergence and innovation have revolutionized teaching and learning by enabling the integration of diverse digital tools and creating innovative applications. These advancements have fostered personalized, interactive, and engaging learning environments that enhance student engagement, improve learning outcomes, increase access to education, and empower educators with data-driven decision-making. As technology continues to evolve, the future of education will undoubtedly be shaped by the ongoing integration of digital convergence and innovation.Chinese Answer:数字化融合创新教与学案例。
技术设备在教育中的应用The use of TechnologicalDevices in EducationTechnology is an integral part of our society and a major contributor towards education. If you are a student from this decade, then it is obvious that you have encountered technology, either in the form of smartphone or laptop. The use of technology in the classroom helps you complete your tasks on time. Also, you can understand the tasks easily through live images and tutorials.According to a research study, public schools in the United States provide at least one computer for every five students. They spend more than$3 billion per year on digital content. The Federal government is making all the efforts to give High-speed Internet and free online teaching resources to the rural and remote schools.In this post, we will discuss three things:●Reasons to allow technology in the classroom●Examples of educational technologies● Pros and Cons of the use of technology in the classroomReasons to allow Technology in the ClassroomIn this section, we will discuss eight reasons to allow technology in the classroom.1. Technology in Classroom Improves Future OrientationTechnology in classroom is an important factor in education. It has come to the forefront of education through various e-Learning modules. It is taking the education level and the learning system to a new level.Geoffrey Robertson, an Information Architect at Discovery Education, predicted key factors on the development of students’ 21st-century skills. According to him the emphasis in education in the next few years would be on the development of student’s computer skills. His research was published in Hannover Research in 2014.The 21st-century skills refer to the teaching of digital literacy and the advanced learning techniques used in schoo ls and colleges. “21st-century skills” has become a buzzword in technology and business circles.Robertson emphasizes that students should be equipped with these “multidimensional” skills. It will help the students to obtain the information they need to get ahead. A survey was conducted by World Economic Forum of 25,000 young people from across the world. Out of this, only 77.84% of students reported having taken online courses in the past. This value is expected to increase in the future. In 2016, the e-learning market was worth $166.5 billion, whereas the expected growth shows a value of $255 billion by 2017.Technological advancements are touching the education in ways never imagined before. The influence of technology in classroom is spreading to a mass number of students now. The students have started adopting the new methods of technology in their studies now. They are learning faster and defining their future based on increased knowledge opportunity.2. Digital Learning is ExcitingE-Learning or digital technology is becoming popular among the students. It fulfills the needs of modern-day learners. The digital content learning techniques in the classroom have enhanced students’ interaction within the classroom.E-Learning has a massive presence in almost every field. The use of technology in classroom is increasing day by day. Teachers today use different techniques like movie-clippings, advertisements, commentaries, dramatics and more to educate students. Language teaching is one such area where technology has taken over and improved the ways of learning.Even education has become easier for the students who cannot visit the class everyday. The online students can interact with the teacher just like someone present physically in a classroom setting. Now teachers are also making continuous efforts to make the classroom a good place to learn and succeed. They are aiming towards making the education attractive and sensible. Few schools are tryingtheir best to include more technology in classroom.3. Technology in Classroom Improve SkillsThe new technological development and the digital learning is improving the skills of the students. These skills are helping the students to prepare for their studies from the future perspective. It is making the students more aware and creative. E-learning methods and digital equipment are enhancing the skills through right course selection and better delivery.The teachers should include more technology in classroom for better results.In March 2014, Docebo released a survey report on E-learning market trends and forecast from 2014-2016. According to this research, the worldwide E-Learning market will show fast and significant growth over the next few years. The global market for E-Learning reached $35.6 billion in 2011. The five-year compound annual growth rate estimated at around 7.6%. The revenue for 2016 was expected to reach $51.5 billion by 2016.While the aggregate growth rate is 7.6%, several world regions appear to have significantly higher growth rates. According to recent regional studies, the highest growth rate is in Asia at 17.3%, followed by Eastern Europe, Africa, and Latin America at 16.9%, 15.2%, and 14.6%, respectively.The data above shows the spectacular growth in the e-learning. The students gain self-confidence to study even without the physically presence of the teacher. They learn how to operate new things on their own . They learn the “skill of learning” and become a good student.The only challenge is that parents have to ensure that their children is curious about learning. Though curiosity can be increased through technology, but guidance from parents can be suggested.4. Use of Technological Devices Increases CollaborationThe digital learning devices are playing a major role in the collaboration. Technology in classroom is helping the students to participate in the class activities. The average students arecoming with new ideas and creativeness. It has become easier for the teachers to approach the students in a better way. The communication between the teacher and the students has increased.The digital medium is an attractive method to retain the attention of the students.The students are finding it flexible to complete their assignment through digital devices in the class.Technology in classroom and E-learning is making the students flexible. Now the students do not have to sit and study in a closed classroom. E-learning is making it simpler for them. Now they can easily find the model of learning that best suits them. They can choose any e-learning method to study and completetheir education. They have the option to sit at home and study through their laptop.Now, the teachers are providing video tutorials also. The digital medium is helping the students to collaborate with their teachers through video and audio methods.Furthermore, technology in classroom is increasing the potentials of the students. According to a research study by Deloitte on Digital Education Survey, the introduction of technology has changed the model of the education industry. The increasingly digital and Tech-Centric methods are changing the learning pattern of the students and teaching pattern of the teachers.Technology has impacted education by introducing new ways of learning, such as adaptive learning, flipped classroom models, and massive open online courses (MOOCs).Now we will see the statistics of the technology used in today’s classrooms. A survey conducted by Docebo found that:Preference of laptop and computer is 56% among studentsStudents are taking more interest in e-learning than studying through books67% of the students prefer online education videosUsage of educational applications and software also help them study in a different way.Preferences for the tablets decrease with age and the laptop preferences grow.5. Technology in Classroom Reduces Physical LoadThe digital learning has reduced the weight of carrying heavy books. Technology in classroom is helping the students to carry less weight than earlier. There used to be at least three books and notebooks for each subject. This is a survey report from Division of Research, Department of Family Practice Texas in 2001. They did a study on the backpacks carried by the school students. It was found that if we don’t adopt the e-learning system, then the students are likely to suffer serious health issues in the future.Image below shows the mean weight of the backpacks carried by Grade:Source: DRDFPThe backpack weight increased with grade. Bags carried by students in 7th grade were the heaviest among all grades. The research also found that more than a fifth (23%) of the students carried backpacks weighing between 10 and 14 percent of their body weights. Only 3% of the students carried backpacks weighing 20 percent or more of their body weight. As a result, it is recommended for the schools to adopt the e-learning strategies and systems. This will decrease the risk of suffering serious back pain injuries.6. Improves Self-ConfidenceThe use of technology in classroom motivates the student. Digital learning is making the students self-confident and independent. The students are now able to structure their own learning program. They can identify the resources and skills needed to achieve the objectives and decide on their own learning process.With the help of the technology students can :Identify their own learning needsFormulate their own learning goalsManage time in order to achieve goals and objectivesClassify necessary learning resources to support their learningImplement learning strategies effectivelySelf-reflect on the learning processEvaluate the learning outcomesThe digital learning opportunities make students self-reliant. The students can study without the teachers. The online free resources are available in abundance for them. They can surf internet and scroll information they need. The students can proactively participate in the group discussions and take the initiative to put their views on it. Digital techniques are making the students informative and active. They can gobeyond their notebooks and do something creative and innovative.7. Technology Allows Instant Access to KnowledgeBecause of e-learning, the students are getting instant access to the knowledge. They can now sit at home and do their assignments. The teachers can share the curriculum through educational apps with the students accessing instantly without any difficulty. There are different e-learning applications from where they can share the tasks. The students can view and do their task with the help of this. Some of the applications that can help the students get in touch with their teachers are:EdumodoEdmodo is a full-featured social learning platform designed to connect and collaborate within the educational environment. It is an educational app beneficial for the teachers and students to share the information within or outside the school. It helps in sharing the content and get access to homework, school notices, and grades.EvernoteEvernote is an awesome educational app for teachers. Its uses range from planning a course to delivering a lesson plan. Evernote helps in capturing feedback of the students after class. It allows you to take notes, capture photos, create to-do lists, and record voice reminders. Evernote also helps you to search and find the notesultimately whether you are at school, at home, or on the go.8. Implementation of Technological Devices are Cost EffectiveThe speed with which e-Learning has advanced, the cost of learning and development of education has reduced. With the presence of technological devices in the classroom, the learning output has become cost effective. Students can only use technological devices to complete their work instead of investment on notebooks and books. The teachers can easily upload the task on the computer with the help of educational apps.Examples of educational technologiesTill now, we have learned the reasons to allow the technological devices in our classroom. Now we will learn few examples of the types of technological devices used in the classroom.A. Smart BoardTeachers can use this method to help engage students by giving them visual tools. It can keep the students attentive in the classroom. This can assist them to be on track during classroom discussions. Students with visual disabilities can also benefit from the enlarged class board.B. Phonetic EarWith the help of this device, the students can hear teachers voice clearly. The teachers wear a microphone device around their neck (like alanyard). It helps the student to write their notes clearly without making any mistakes.C. Clicker Response SystemsThe teachers give small handheld devices (clicker) to the students (similar to a TV remote). Clicker contains digits from 0-9. They respond to the questions posed by the teacher by hitting specific option. The teachers receive instant results. It helps the teacher understand that if the students need any further clarification on a topic.D. iPadsWhen people think of the technological device in the classroom, the iPad is what comes to mind. Its efficient capabilities and ease of use hasmade it a standard device in many schools. iPads can be used in many ways:Practice for skills such as reading or solving mathematics quizzesStudy progress tracking softwareTranslate speech and learn new languageAlternative communication software (i.e. pictures and symbols to help clarify meanings)E. Screen Readers and Braille DisplaysScreen readers and braille displays are used by the students who are visually impaired. This helps the blind to read and learn. Also, it becomes simpler for the teachers to make the visually impaired student understand a chapter.Pros and Cons of Technology in EducationNo doubts that e-learning is helping the students learn and do the tasks efficiently. Technology will help them complete their education easily. But, each coin has two sides. Therefore, now we will discuss the pros and cons of the e-learning-based education.Pros of Educational TechnologiesFlexibilityOnline learning gives you full flexibility to accomplish your goals. Unlike traditional learning, the e-learning is flexible for the students as well as for the teachers. You can access and learn anything you want, anytime you want.Lower coste-Learning is a better option for the students who cannot afford trainers’ time. Other than the cost of a laptop and an online course, you generally do not have other expenses. Schools do not have to manage bulky libraries.MobilityThe students feel like they are in prison when they have to sit for long hours in the classroom. The e-learning medium allows the students to go mobile. Now they can learn from any location, whether a train, a plane, or a beach. e-Learning allows you to take full advantage of your time and get things done when you would not normally be able to.Cons of Educational TechnologiesTechnical issuesThe students need to have devices that are compatible with the e-Learning software. Internet connection issues, software failure, device failure, and others are general challenges faced by the students.Health issuesA student can suffer from a lot of health problems due to technological devices. They can suffer from health issues such as weak eyes, fatigue, stress, eye burn, back pains, headaches, and others.DistractionStudents, sometimes, use laptops and gadgets for things other than studying. They get indulged in social media websites, video channels, online games, and others.In conclusion we can say that the use of technology is good for the education. The world is moving fast with technological advancements. Therefore, it has become imperative to ease the learning process to grow faster with the world.。
大学生对数字化学习技术的看法英语作文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1As a college student, the integration of digital technologies into the learning process has been a transformative experience. In this age of rapid technological advancements, embracing digital learning tools has become an integral part of our educational journey. In this essay, I will share my perspectives on the impact of digital learning technologies on higher education and discuss their advantages, challenges, and the implications for the future of learning.Firstly, let's acknowledge the undeniable convenience that digital learning technologies offer. With the click of a button, we can access a wealth of information, lecture materials, and educational resources from anywhere in the world. Online repositories, e-books, and digital libraries have made the acquisition of knowledge more accessible than ever before. This accessibility has been particularly beneficial during theCOVID-19 pandemic, enabling us to continue our studies remotely without disruption.Moreover, digital learning technologies have fostered interactive and engaging learning experiences. Interactive simulations, virtual reality environments, and gamified learning platforms have transformed the traditional classroom setting into a dynamic and immersive experience. These tools not only cater to diverse learning styles but also enhance our understanding of complex concepts through visualizations and hands-on activities.Collaborative learning has also been facilitated by digital technologies. Online discussion forums, video conferencing tools, and cloud-based document sharing platforms have enabled seamless communication and collaboration among students and instructors. This collaborative approach fosters critical thinking, peer-to-peer learning, and the exchange of diverse perspectives, which are essential for personal and academic growth.However, amidst these advantages, we must also address the potential challenges posed by digital learning technologies. The overreliance on digital tools can lead to issues such as technological distractions, online addiction, and a lack offace-to-face interactions, which are crucial for developing interpersonal skills and fostering a sense of community within the learning environment.Additionally, the digital divide remains a significant concern. Not all students have equal access to reliable internet connections, up-to-date devices, or the necessary digital literacy skills. This inequality can create barriers to effective learning and widen the existing educational gaps, undermining the principles of equity and inclusivity in education.Furthermore, the rapid pace of technological change poses challenges for educators and institutions to keep up with the latest tools and pedagogical approaches. Continuous professional development and resources are necessary to ensure that digital learning technologies are effectively integrated into the curriculum and utilized to their full potential.Looking ahead, the future of learning will undoubtedly be shaped by the ongoing advancements in digital technologies. As students, we must embrace a growth mindset and adapt to these changes. Developing digital literacy skills, cultivating critical thinking abilities, and fostering self-directed learning will be essential for navigating the ever-evolving digital landscape.In conclusion, digital learning technologies have revolutionized the higher education experience, offering unprecedented opportunities for access, engagement, and collaboration. However, it is crucial to strike a balance betweenembracing these technologies and addressing the associated challenges. By recognizing both the advantages and limitations of digital learning tools, we can work towards creating an inclusive and effective educational environment that nurtures personal growth, knowledge acquisition, and prepares us for the demands of the digital age.篇2The Rise of Digital Learning in Higher EducationAs a university student in the 21st century, I've witnessed first-hand the rapid integration of digital technologies into the learning environment. From online lectures and virtual classrooms to interactive simulations and multimedia resources, the traditional chalk-and-talk approach is being steadily replaced by a more immersive and dynamic digital learning experience.This shift towards digitalization has been met with a mix of excitement and apprehension among students. On one hand, we recognize the potential benefits of leveraging cutting-edge technologies to enhance our education. On the other, we grapple with concerns over the erosion of personal interactionsand the potential for digital distractions to hinder our focus and engagement.In this essay, I aim to explore the perspectives of university students like myself on the increasing prominence of digital learning technologies, examining both the advantages and challenges we face in adapting to this new educational landscape.The Advantages of Digital LearningOne of the most significant advantages of digital learning technologies is the increased accessibility and flexibility they offer. With online courses and recorded lectures, we can access educational materials anytime, anywhere, allowing us to better balance our studies with other commitments such as work or family responsibilities. This flexibility is particularly valuable for non-traditional students or those with disabilities, who may face challenges attending in-person classes.Moreover, digital learning platforms often incorporate interactive features that can enhance our understanding and retention of complex concepts. For instance, virtual simulations and 3D models enable us to visualize and manipulate objects or processes that would be difficult or impossible to recreate in a traditional classroom setting. This hands-on approach caters todiverse learning styles and can make abstract ideas more tangible and relatable.Another notable advantage is the wealth of multimedia resources available at our fingertips. From online libraries and academic databases to educational videos and podcasts, we have access to a vast repository of knowledge that can supplement and enrich our learning experience. This abundance of information empowers us to explore topics in greater depth and cultivate a love for lifelong learning.Furthermore, digital learning technologies facilitate collaboration and peer-to-peer learning. Online discussion forums and collaborative workspaces allow us to connect with classmates, share ideas, and engage in constructive dialogue, fostering a sense of community even in virtual environments.The Challenges and ConcernsWhile the benefits of digital learning are undeniable, we also face significant challenges and concerns. One of the most pressing issues is the potential for digital distractions and fragmented attention spans. With the constant lure of social media, instant messaging, and countless online diversions, it can be challenging to maintain focus and engage deeply with the course material. The temptation to multitask or succumb todigital distractions can impede our ability to absorb and retain information effectively.Another concern is the risk of over-reliance on technology and the potential erosion of essential skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and interpersonal communication. While digital tools can be invaluable aids, we must ensure that they complement rather than replace the development of these fundamental skills, which are crucial for our personal and professional growth.Additionally, the rapid pace of technological change can be both a blessing and a curse. While we benefit from access to cutting-edge resources, the constant need to adapt to new platforms, software, and digital tools can be overwhelming and time-consuming. This can lead to frustration and resistance, especially among those who may be less technologically savvy or lack access to adequate training and support.Equity and accessibility are also significant concerns within the digital learning landscape. Not all students have equal access to reliable internet connections, up-to-date devices, or the necessary digital literacy skills. This digital divide can exacerbate existing socioeconomic disparities and create barriers to equal educational opportunities.Finding the Right BalanceAs university students navigating the digital learning era, we must strive to strike a delicate balance between embracing the advantages of technology and mitigating its potential drawbacks. We need to develop strategies to minimize digital distractions, such as setting dedicated study times, using website blockers, or implementing self-imposed device-free periods.Moreover, we must actively cultivate essential skills like critical thinking, problem-solving, and interpersonal communication alongside our digital competencies. Engaging in class discussions, participating in group projects, and seeking opportunities for hands-on, experiential learning can help us develop these vital skills.It is also crucial that educational institutions prioritize digital literacy and provide adequate training and support to ensure that all students have the necessary skills and resources to navigate the digital learning environment effectively. This could include workshops, tutorials, and accessible support services to address any technological barriers or knowledge gaps.Ultimately, the responsibility lies with both students and educational institutions to embrace the potential of digital learning technologies while remaining cognizant of theirlimitations and potential pitfalls. By adopting a balanced and thoughtful approach, we can harness the power of these technologies to enhance our learning experiences while preserving the fundamental values and skills that have been the bedrock of higher education for centuries.篇3The Impact of Digital Learning Technologies: A Student's PerspectiveAs a college student in the 21st century, I have witnessed firsthand the profound impact that digital learning technologies have had on the educational landscape. The integration of these technological advancements into our academic lives has brought about a significant paradigm shift, reshaping the way we acquire knowledge, interact with course materials, and engage with our peers and instructors.When I reflect on my educational journey thus far, I am struck by the stark contrast between the traditional methods of learning that were prevalent in my early years and the digital revolution that has unfolded before my eyes. Theonce-ubiquitous chalkboards and overhead projectors have given way to interactive smartboards and multimediapresentations, allowing for a more dynamic and engaging learning experience.One of the most transformative aspects of digital learning technologies is the accessibility they provide to a wealth of information. With just a few clicks or taps, I can access a vast array of scholarly articles, e-books, and online resources that would have been unimaginable a few decades ago. This democratization of knowledge has empowered me to delve deeper into subjects that pique my curiosity, fostering a more self-directed and independent learning approach.Moreover, digital learning platforms have revolutionized the way we collaborate and communicate with our peers and instructors. Online discussion forums and virtual study groups have facilitated the exchange of ideas and perspectives, transcending the physical boundaries of the traditional classroom. This interconnectivity has not only broadened my intellectual horizons but has also fostered a sense of community among students, allowing us to support and learn from one another, regardless of geographical location.Another aspect that I find particularly compelling is the personalized learning experience that digital technologies offer. Adaptive learning software tailors the content and pace ofinstruction to individual needs and learning styles, ensuring that no student is left behind or held back by a one-size-fits-all approach. This level of customization has been instrumental in enhancing my comprehension and retention of complex concepts, ultimately contributing to my academic success.Furthermore, the integration of multimedia elements into digital learning resources has catered to diverse learning preferences. As a visual learner, I have benefited greatly from the use of interactive simulations, educational videos, and virtual reality experiences, which have brought abstract concepts to life in a way that traditional textbooks simply cannot match.However, it would be remiss of me not to acknowledge the potential drawbacks and challenges associated with digital learning technologies. The abundance of online resources can sometimes lead to information overload, making it difficult to discern credible and reliable sources from those of questionable quality. Additionally, the constant connectivity and seamless access to information can be a double-edged sword, as it may foster a tendency towards multitasking and divided attention, potentially hampering our ability to focus and retain information effectively.Moreover, the reliance on digital technologies has raised concerns about the potential erosion of essential interpersonal skills and face-to-face interactions. While virtual collaboration has its merits, there is no substitute for the nuanced communication and social cues that can only be conveyed through in-person interactions. It is crucial that we strike a balance between leveraging the benefits of digital technologies and preserving the human elements that are vital to our holistic development.Despite these challenges, I remain optimistic about the future of digital learning technologies and their potential to revolutionize education. As these technologies continue to evolve, I believe we will witness even more innovative and transformative solutions that will further enhance the learning experience for students like myself.One area that holds immense promise is the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning into digital learning platforms. AI-powered adaptive learning systems could provide even more personalized and tailored instructional approaches, adjusting in real-time to individual learning needs and providing targeted feedback and support. Additionally,AI-assisted grading and assessment could alleviate the workloadon instructors, allowing them to focus more on providing meaningful guidance and fostering critical thinking skills.Another exciting development is the potential of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies to transport us to immersive, interactive learning environments. From virtual field trips to simulated laboratory experiments, these technologies could offer hands-on experiences that were previously limited by physical constraints, unlocking new realms of experiential learning.Ultimately, as both a beneficiary and a witness to the transformative power of digital learning technologies, I am filled with a sense of gratitude and anticipation. These technologies have not only enriched my educational journey but have also equipped me with the skills and mindset necessary to thrive in an increasingly digital world.As I look towards the future, I am confident that the continued integration of digital learning technologies will shape a more dynamic, personalized, and inclusive educational landscape. However, it is essential that we approach this technological revolution with a critical eye, embracing its advantages while remaining cognizant of its potential pitfalls. By striking the right balance, we can harness the power of thesetechnologies to unlock new frontiers of knowledge and foster a generation of lifelong learners prepared to navigate the complexities of the 21st century and beyond.。
数字化教育的优势英语作文The Advantages of Digital EducationIn the rapidly evolving landscape of the 21st century, the integration of digital technology into the realm of education has become a transformative force, paving the way for a new era of learning and teaching. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected and technology-driven, the advantages of digital education have become increasingly apparent, revolutionizing the way we approach and engage with the educational process.One of the primary advantages of digital education is its ability to enhance accessibility and flexibility. Through the use of online platforms, virtual classrooms, and distance learning opportunities, students can access educational resources and engage with their studies from anywhere in the world, regardless of their physical location. This accessibility has been particularly crucial during the COVID-19 pandemic, where traditional in-person learning has been disrupted, and digital education has become a lifeline for millions of students globally.Moreover, digital education offers a level of personalization andindividualization that was previously unattainable in traditional classroom settings. With the aid of adaptive learning technologies, educational content can be tailored to the unique needs and learning styles of each student, allowing them to progress at their own pace and focus on areas where they require additional support. This personalized approach not only enhances academic performance but also fosters a sense of engagement and ownership in the learning process, as students feel empowered to take an active role in shaping their educational journey.Another significant advantage of digital education is its ability to provide a vast array of educational resources and content at the fingertips of students. Through online platforms and digital libraries, students have access to a wealth of information, ranging from textbooks and academic journals to multimedia resources, such as videos, simulations, and interactive learning materials. This abundance of resources allows students to explore topics in-depth, engage in self-directed learning, and develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter.Furthermore, digital education offers enhanced opportunities for collaborative learning and real-time feedback. Online discussion forums, group projects, and virtual study sessions enable students to connect with their peers, exchange ideas, and learn from one another, fostering a sense of community and social engagement even inremote learning environments. Additionally, the integration of learning analytics and real-time feedback mechanisms allows educators to monitor student progress, identify areas of strength and weakness, and provide timely interventions to support student learning.One of the most compelling advantages of digital education is its ability to promote environmental sustainability and cost-effectiveness. By reducing the reliance on physical textbooks, paper-based materials, and transportation, digital education significantly reduces the carbon footprint associated with traditional educational systems. Additionally, the cost-effective nature of digital resources, such as e-books and online subscriptions, can make education more accessible and affordable, particularly for underserved communities and individuals from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds.Moreover, digital education has the potential to revolutionize the way we approach assessment and evaluation. Through the integration of digital tools and technologies, educators can develop innovative assessment methods that go beyond traditional written examinations, such as online quizzes, interactive simulations, and project-based assessments. These digital assessment approaches not only provide more comprehensive and accurate evaluations of student learning but also foster the development of essential 21st-century skills, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and digitalliteracy.While the advantages of digital education are substantial, it is essential to acknowledge that the successful implementation of digital education requires a thoughtful and comprehensive approach. Factors such as digital infrastructure, teacher training, and student digital literacy must be addressed to ensure equitable access and effective integration of digital technologies in the educational landscape.In conclusion, the advent of digital education has ushered in a transformative era, offering a wealth of advantages that have the potential to revolutionize the way we approach learning and teaching. From enhanced accessibility and personalization to cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability, the benefits of digital education are far-reaching and profound. As we continue to navigate the rapidly evolving digital landscape, it is crucial that we embrace the opportunities presented by digital education and work collaboratively to ensure that its transformative potential is realized to the fullest extent.。
什么是智能教育英语表达Smart education, also known as intelligent education or digital education, is an innovative educational approach that integrates advanced information technology, artificial intelligence (AI), and data analytics into traditional teaching and learning processes. It aims to enhance the efficiency, effectiveness, and accessibility of education by personalizing learning experiences, fostering collaborative environments, and facilitating real-time feedback.智能教育,又称智慧教育或数字化教育,是一种将先进信息技术、人工智能(AI)与数据分析融入传统教学过程的创新型教育模式。
其旨在通过个性化学习体验、促进协作环境及实时反馈机制,提升教育的效率、效果和可及性。
II. Key Components of Smart Education SystemsAt the core of smart education systems lie several key components. Firstly, adaptive learning platforms utilize AI algorithms to analyze students' learning patterns, strengths, and weaknesses, tailoring curricula and instructional materials accordingly. This personalized approach ensures each student receives instruction attheir optimal pace and level.其次,智能教育系统的核心包括几个关键组成部分。
九年级英语英语数字化学习资源利用单选题50题1.Which digital learning tool is mainly used for vocabulary learning?A.QuizletB.KahootC.EvernoteD.Slack答案:A。
Quizlet 主要用于词汇学习,有各种词汇学习功能,如闪卡等。
Kahoot 主要用于趣味答题竞赛。
Evernote 是笔记软件。
Slack 是团队沟通工具。
2.Which tool is good for collaborative note-taking?A.OneNoteB.DuolingoC.TrelloD.Pinterest答案:A。
OneNote 可以进行协同笔记。
Duolingo 是语言学习软件。
Trello 是项目管理工具。
Pinterest 是图片分享平台。
3.What digital learning tool is known for language practice with native speakers?A.HelloTalkB.MindMeisterC.CamScannerD.Skype for Business答案:A。
HelloTalk 可以和母语者进行语言交流练习。
MindMeister 是思维导图软件。
CamScanner 是扫描软件。
Skype for Business 是商务通讯工具。
4.Which tool is often used for creating online quizzes?A.Google FormsB.SpotifyC.FlipgridD.Audacity答案:A。
Google Forms 可以用来创建在线问卷和测验。
Spotify 是音乐播放软件。
Flipgrid 是视频分享平台。
Audacity 是音频编辑软件。
5.Which digital learning tool is great for time management?A.ForestB.LumosityC.CodecademyD.Vimeo答案:A。
Adobe Digital Learning Services Exam GuideACE: Photoshop CC 2015 Exam GuideAdobe Digital Learning Services provides this exam guide to help prepare partners,customers, and consultants who are actively seeking accreditation as Adobe CertifiedExperts (ACE). This guide, while designed to describe the exam in detail and provide asmuch information as possible, is not meant to be the sole means of exam preparation.Adobe Digital Learning Services offers courses that provide in-depth training on theexam content.Hands-on experience with the Adobe product suite is also a critical element inpreparing to pass any Adobe certification exam.ACE: Photoshop CC 2015 exam overviewThe typical candidate has between 2 – 5 years’ experience using Adobe Photoshop in a digital imaging, digitalpublishing, and design environments. You might be responsible for digital asset management, production, andexecution of projects in the fields of (but not limited to): photographic art, advertising design, photojournalism,news and media production, social media, mobile, video, web, and 3-D.Exam descriptionThe exam has two parts:•57 multiple-choice questions, covering a range of topics listed below• A short survey that we use to gather information about your product experienceThe exam has a time limit of 90 minutes, and includes a timer to mark the remaining time.Exam scoringAll Adobe exams are reported on a scale of 300 to 700. The passing score for each exam is 550. For moreinformation about scaled scoring, visit the FAQs.Scheduling examsOur exams are delivered worldwide by PSI.To register for the exam:1.Visit Adobe’s credential management system logon page. The logon requires that you have an Adobe ID.If you do not have an Adobe ID, click the link for “Get an Adobe ID”2.After logging on, If you have never taken an Adobe exam before, you will be instructed to create a Profile.After creating your Profile, you will be instructed to update your opt-in Settings..3.Once logged on, click “Home” then click “Schedule your exam at PSI.”4.You will be directed to a new page within CertMetrics where you will click “Click here to log in to PSI.”5.You will be taken to a page hosted by our exam delivery vendor, PSI, that displays the available exams6.Scroll through the list of available exams and press the “Schedule Exam” button for the exam you want totake.7.Select a delivery mode for your exam by choosing either “Test Center” or “Remote Online ProctoredExam.”8.Select your exam language to see options for your exam.9.Select an available date and start time.10.Confirm schedule details to receive a booking confirmation.11.Proceed to payment.12.After payment is successful, you will receive an email confirmation your registration details and a receipt.Exam preparationThe following are typical tasks that you should already be able to perform:•Customizing the Photoshop work environment (workspaces, menus, presets)•Organizing individual Photoshop files using best practices for layer organizations (layer sets, naming of layers)•Applying global tonal and color corrections to images•Applying local image editing and retouching•Organizing image data for easy retrieval•Analyzing available file formats and determining format needed based on intent needs (Web, video, offset press, etc.)•Using basic masking techniques•Using pixel and vector-based tools•Using Creative Cloud servicesExam topics may include:Start a Project in Photoshop•Create new documents•Import and open imagesNavigate and customize the user interface (UI)•Work with panels and menus•Use and customize workspacesUse tools and tool settings•Choose an appropriate tool.•Adjust tool settings•Use the toolsCreate and work with layers•Understand layer concepts•Work with blending modes and opacity•Use layer masks•Apply layer styles•Use Adjustment LayersModify image dimensions•Crop images•Resize imagesApply global tonal and color adjustments to images•Adjust color and tonal levels with curves.•Apply global adjustments by using the Camera Raw filterApply local adjustments to images•Work with tools to retouch an image•Work with tools to adjust the tone of an imageWork with filters•Understand and work with filters•Understand and work with Smart filtersUse pixel and vector-based tools•Understand pixel and vector tools•Choose and apply Typekit fontsCreate selections•Understand available methods for creating selections•Edit selectionsGet images out of Photoshop•Prepare images for print•Understand file formats when saving imagesExam preparation checklist•I have at least two years’ experience with Adobe Photoshop.•I am familiar with Camera Raw and Adobe Bridge.•I can complete the tasks outlined in the “Exam preparation” section without assistance.•I have read and studied the topics listed in this exam guide.Sample questions1. A user just cut a selection from a photograph in Adobe Photoshop and wants to place it into a newfile.Which document type automatically sets the canvas size in the new document to match the user's selection?A. PhotoB. WebC. ClipboardD. Film & VideoAnswer: C2.What are two features that can be saved with a custom workspace? (Choose two.)A. FontsB. GuidesC. Color SwatchesD. Panel locationsE. Keyboard shortcutsAnswer: D and E3. A user has an image on a single color background and wants to remove the background using the leastnumber of steps.Which tool should be used?A. Magic Wand ToolB. Magic Eraser ToolC. Quick Selection ToolD. Background Eraser ToolAnswer: B4. A user is working on a Photoshop document that has a large number of layers and wants to display onlythe layers that contain pixel-based data.Which filter type should be selected in the Layers panel?A. KindB. ModeC. EffectD. AttributeAnswer: A5. A user is resampling an image in the Image Size dialog and wants to enable the Reduce Noise slider.Which resampling method should be used in this situation?A. AutomaticB. Bicubic Sharper (reduction)C. Nearest Neighbor (hard edges)D. Preserve Details (enlargement)Answer: D6.Which tool in the Curves dialog box allows the user to most accurately select specific tones of the imagefor adjustment?A. PencilB. Edit PointsC. Modify Curve (hand)D. Gray Point (eyedropper)Answer: C7.How could a user apply a non-destructive vignette to an image?A. Use the Burn Tool to selectively brush in image edge darkeningB. Add a Photo Filter layer and adjust the vignette slider for each edgeC. Apply a Black to Transparent Gradient to the edges of an overlaidempty layerD. Select the Multiply blending mode and use the Brush tool to paint thedarker areasAnswer: C8. A user is attempting to make a new digital photograph have an aged appearance.Which filter should be used to simulate this?A. Noise > DespeckleB. Other > High-PassC. Pixelate > PointillizeD. Filter Gallery > Film GrainAnswer: D9. A user has a picture of two people shaking hands and wants to select only the hands to add them intoanother image.How should this be achieved?A. Select the handshake with the Slice Tool. Copy the selected pixels.Open a second image in Photoshop and paste the copied pixels into thenew photo.B. Select the handshake with the Magic Wand Tool. Copy the color range.Open a second image in Photoshop and paste the copied pixels into thenew photo.C. Select the handshake with the Quick Selection Tool. Copy the selectedpixels. Open a second image in Photoshop and paste the copied pixelsinto the new photo.D. Select the handshake with the Crop Tool. Delete the cropped pixels.Select all and copy the remaining pixels. Open a second image inPhotoshop and paste the pixels into the new photo.Answer: C10. A user is creating an app icon from an existing logo file.Which tool and key combination creates a perfect square selection?A. Magic Wand tool + Alt (Option)B. Rectangular Marquee tool + ShiftC. Quick Selection tool + Alt (Option)D. Elliptical marquee tool + Ctrl (Command)Answer: B11.Which file format will allow the user to include an alpha channel to use as a clipping path in InDesign?A. GIFB. PNGC. TIFFD. JPEGAnswer CAdobe Inc. 345 Park Avenue San Jose, CA 95110-2704 USA Adobe, Photoshop, and the Adobe logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Inc. in the United States a nd/or o ther countries.© 2018 Adobe. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. 08/16。
数字化教育英语作文In the 21st century, the landscape of education has been revolutionized by the advent of digital technology. The integration of digital tools and platforms in the educational process has not only transformed the way students learn but also how educators teach. This essay will explore the various ways in which digitalization has influenced education, the benefits it offers, and the challenges it presents.Firstly, digitalization has made education more accessible. With the rise of online learning platforms, students from all over the world can access a wealth of information and courses without the constraints of geographical location. Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have become particularly popular, offering high-quality education from prestigious institutions to anyone with an internet connection.Secondly, the use of digital tools in the classroom has enhanced the learning experience. Interactive whiteboards, tablets, and educational software are now common in many schools, providing a more engaging and dynamic learning environment. These tools can cater to different learning styles, making education more inclusive and personalized.Moreover, digitalization has facilitated better communication between students, teachers, and parents. Learning management systems (LMS) and instant messaging apps allow for real-time updates on assignments, grades, and class schedules. Thisimproved communication helps in fostering a morecollaborative learning environment and keeps all parties informed and engaged.However, digitalization in education also comes with its challenges. One of the primary concerns is the digital divide, where unequal access to technology can exacerbate existing educational inequalities. Additionally, there is the issue of information overload, where students may struggle to discern credible sources from the vast amount of informationavailable online.In conclusion, digitalization has brought about significant changes in the field of education. It has the potential to enhance learning outcomes, increase accessibility, and modernize the educational experience. However, it is crucialto address the challenges associated with it to ensure thatthe benefits of digital education are available to all. As we continue to embrace digitalization, it is imperative that we also work towards bridging the digital divide and equipping educators and students with the necessary skills to navigate the digital landscape effectively.。
大学生对数字学习技术的看法英文范文全文共6篇示例,供读者参考篇1Digital Learning: The College Kid's ViewHi there! My name is Timmy and I'm 8 years old. I love learning about new things, especially when it comes to technology. Lately, I've been really curious about how college students feel about using digital tools for learning. You see, my older cousin Jill is in her second year at University, and she's always talking about the crazy amount of apps, websites, and gadgets she has to use for her classes. It's like a whole new world compared to the way I learn at my elementary school!From what I've gathered by pestering Jill with a million questions, college is serious business. The professors don't just hand out worksheets or give lectures with a chalkboard like Mrs. Walker does. Nope, they're using all sorts of high-tech stuff that sounds super complicated. But Jill seems to think it's pretty cool, so I wanted to find out more.The first thing Jill told me about was this thing called a "learning management system." Sounds like some kind of robotmanager if you ask me! But apparently, it's just a fancy website where her professors post all the course materials, assignments, and grades. Everything is digital, from the syllabus to the textbooks. No more carrying around a bazillion heavy books in her backpack!Jill said that at first, it was a little overwhelming trying to keep track of everything online. But once she got the hang of it, she realized how convenient it was to have all her stuff in one place. She can even submit her essays and projects through the website, which is way easier than printing out a million pages. Plus, she doesn't have to worry about losing any important documents since they're all safely stored in the cloud.Another thing Jill raves about is how many online resources her professors use. Like, they'll post videos, articles, and interactive simulations to help explain complicated topics. It's not just boring old textbook reading anymore. Jill showed me this one website that lets you explore the human body in 3D – so cool! She said it's like having a whole library of multimedia learning materials right at her fingertips.But overall, Jill seems to think the pros outweigh the cons when it comes to digital learning in college. She likes how flexible and engaging it is compared to traditional methods. Forexample, some of her classes have online discussion forums where students can chat about the course material anytime, anywhere. It's like having a virtual study group on-demand!Another cool thing Jill mentioned is something called "adaptive learning." Apparently, there are these special programs that can adjust the difficulty level and pace of the lessons based on how well each individual student is doing. So if you're struggling with a certain topic, it'll give you more practice and explanations. But if you're breezing through, it'll move you along faster. Talk about personalized learning!Personally, I think all this digital stuff sounds awesome! I can't wait until I'm old enough to go to college and use all those fancy schmancy learning tools. Although, part of me will probably miss the simplicity of just using pencils, paper, and my trusty Number 2s. There's something special about theold-school classroom vibe, you know?But the world is changing, and technology is changing the way we learn. From what I've heard from Jill, most college students are embracing digital learning technologies, even if there are some occasional hiccups and growing pains. It's an exciting frontier that's making education more interactive, flexible, and personalized than ever before.Who knows, by the time I get to college, they'll probably have even crazier gadgets and gizmos for learning. Maybe we'll have virtual reality classrooms or computer chips implanted in our brains to download information instantly! A kid can dream, right? For now, I'll stick to reading about the college kid's perspective and counting down the days until I'm one of them.篇2Digital Stuff for Learning is Super Cool!Hi there! My name is Timmy and I'm 8 years old. I really like video games, building things with Legos, and watching cartoons. School is OK I guess, but sometimes it's kind of boring just sitting at my desk all day. That's why I think digital learning technologies are awesome!My big brother Jimmy is in college and he gets to use all sorts of crazy digital stuff for his classes. He showed me some of it and let me play around, and I gotta tell ya - it's way more fun than just reading books and doing worksheets like we do at my school.First of all, Jimmy has these things called "interactive simulations" for his science classes. Basically they let you like, mess around and experiment with stuff on the computer insteadof just reading about it. One simulation let him build virtual circuits and see how the electricity flowed. Another one showed him how different forces affect objects in motion. It's kinda like a video game, but educational! I tried messing with a few of them and it made learning about science seem really cool and not so dry and boring.Then there are these "educational videos" that Jimmy watches sometimes instead of just having a professor lecture at him. The videos have animations, graphics, and people acting stuff out to explain concepts. Way more engaging than just listening to someone drone on and on! Some of the videos even had little quizzes along the way to test if you were paying attention. Jimmy said finding good videos takes some digging, but the right ones can teach way better than a textbook.Oh oh, and get this - Jimmy's statistics class uses this crazy "virtual reality" headset for visualizing data! You can like, walk around inside 3D graphs and scatter plots and stuff. He let me try it once and it was a total trip. Made understanding all those equations and numbers way easier when you can just look at them from the inside out. The future is here, man!But probably the coolest digital learning thing Jimmy gets to use is this "adaptive learning software." Basically it's kinda likethose learning games I play on the iPad, except it tracks how well you're understanding each topic. If you're struggling with something, it automatically adjusts and gives you more practice on that area. If you've got a concept down cold, it stops wasting your time on that and moves you ahead faster. Jimmy said it's kinda like having a super smart private tutor just for you that learns how you learn best.All this digital stuff sounds so awesome compared to the old school way we do things at my elementary school. We just have those clunky computer labs where we sometimes get to play really basic math games and stuff. But from what I've seen of Jimmy's college tech, learning could be way more interactive, visual, and customized if schools took advantage of it.I mean, don't get me wrong - I know digital ain't everything and we'd still need teachers to guide us. But combining all those cool technologies with in-person instruction from professors seems like it could make for a way more engaging and effective learning experience. At least way more fun than just reading flat textbooks and doing bookwork all day!Jimmy said a lot of colleges are still kinda behind when it comes to using digital learning tools regularly. Some professors are totally old school and just want to lecture from PowerPointslike they're stuck in the 20th century or something. But he thinks within a few more years, digital will become just as normal as pencils and books. After all, us kids these days are growing up immersed in computers, smartphones, and tablets from a super young age. We're just naturally going to prefer more digital ways of learning over the traditional stuff.So those are my thoughts on digital learning tech that I've picked up from watching my bro. Like I said, it all seems so rad and way more fun and interactive than old school methods. I really hope by the time I get to college, every class will have us using simulations, videos, VR, and adaptive learning software as much as possible. Fingers crossed the teachers and professors wise up and make learning more digital! An 8-year-old technological whiz kid can dream, right? Okay, I'm gonna go play Roblox now. Later!篇3Digital Learning: The College Kid's PlaygroundHey there! My name is Timmy, and I'm in the 5th grade. Today, I want to tell you all about what those big college kids think of digital learning. You know, with all the computers,tablets, and fancy apps they use in class. It's like a whole new world compared to when our parents went to school!First off, let me explain what digital learning really means. It's basically using technology like computers, smartphones, and online resources to help students learn. Instead of just listening to a teacher talk and write on a chalkboard, college students get to watch videos, use interactive apps, and even attend virtual classes from anywhere in the world!Now, you might be thinking, "Wow, that sounds so cool!" And you're absolutely right – most college students love digital learning! Let me tell you why.One of the biggest reasons is that it makes learning way more fun and engaging. Can you imagine sitting through a three-hour lecture without anything but a professor droning on and on? Yikes! With digital tools, classes become more interactive and hands-on. Students can participate in online discussions, work on group projects using shared documents, and even create their own digital content like videos or podcasts. It's like learning through play!Another major perk of digital learning is that it's super flexible. College kids are always on the go, juggling classes, jobs, and social lives. With online courses and materials, they canstudy whenever and wherever they want. No more being tied to a specific classroom or schedule. They can watch recorded lectures during their lunch break or work on assignments late at night when the dorm is quiet.But that's not all! Digital learning also helps students develop important skills for the future. Things like coding, data analysis, and digital literacy are becoming increasingly important in today's job market. By using technology in their studies, college students are better prepared for careers that rely heavily on tech.Despite these challenges, most college students seem to embrace digital learning wholeheartedly. They appreciate the flexibility, engagement, and practical skills it offers. Plus, let's be honest – they're part of the generation that grew up with smartphones and tablets, so using technology for learning just feels natural to them.As for me, I can't wait to experience digital learning myself when I eventually make it to college (after conquering middle school and high school, of course!). Just imagine attending a virtual reality lecture on dinosaurs or using a 3D modeling app to design my own buildings. The possibilities are endless!So, there you have it – a glimpse into the college kid's digital learning playground. It's a whole new world out there, filled with interactive tools, flexible schedules, and high-tech skills. While it may not be perfect, it's certainly shaping the future of education in exciting ways. Now, if you'll excuse me, I have to go practice my coding skills on my tablet. Maybe I'll create the next big educational app someday!篇4Digital Stuff is Pretty Cool!My big sister Emily is in college now and she has to use all sorts of digital things for her classes. At first I thought it was just her watching videos on her laptop, but she told me it's way more than that. Let me tell you about all the rad digital learning techs she uses!First up, she has these things called "online lectures." Instead of going to a classroom, her professors just record videos of themselves teaching the material. Emily can watch them whenever she wants on her laptop or even on her phone! She says it's awesome because if she misses something important, she can just rewind and re-watch that part. No more missing out if you space out for a few minutes!But get this - it's not just videos. Her classes also have interactive modules built right into the online portals. She can click through slides, take little quizzes, and even join live video chat rooms to ask questions! The modules make sure she's actually paying attention and understanding before moving on to new topics. It's like having a personal digital tutor.Emily also does a ton of her assignments and homework online now using digital tools. For writing papers, she uses apps that check her grammar and give suggestions in real-time as she types. She can insert citations with just a few clicks. For math and science, she has simulation apps where she can visualize concepts in 3D and run experiments virtually. It's like having a whole science lab on her computer!Speaking of math, Emily doesn't even have to buy expensive calculators anymore. She just uses websites and apps that can solve the craziest equations step-by-step. Some of them even let her graph functions just by typing them in. No more struggling to sketch graphs precisely by hand!But here's the really awesome part - digital tech isn't just one-way anymore. Emily's classes have online discussion boards and shared workspaces where all the students can chat, ask questions, share notes, and work together on group projects.Even though they're not physically in the same room, they can still collaborate and help each other out in real-time.Emily says one of her favorite digital tools is for peer review. When she has to write an essay, she can submit a draft online and it automatically gets shared with a few random classmates. They can all leave comments and suggestions directly on her paper. She said getting feedback from multiple people at once is super helpful for revising her work.Another crazy thing is that Emily's textbooks are all digital now. No more carrying around a ton of heavy books! All the textbooks are downloaded on her laptop and tablet. The digital versions have built-in search functions to quickly find keywords and concepts. Some of them even have interactive graphics, videos, and practice questions built right into the pages. Bye bye boring paper textbooks!Emily's professors also use digital tools to track her progress and participation. Her online quiz scores, attendance records, submitted assignments, and more are all logged in a secret digital gradebook. Emily can check her grades for each assignment and weighted categories anytime she wants. No more wondering how she's doing in the class!Finally, the coolest digital tool Emily showed me is for virtual reality learning. She has this headset that she can wear to explore 3D simulated environments based on what she's studying. If she's learning about Ancient Rome, she can just slip on the headset and suddenly be transported to the Roman Colosseum like she's actually there! For anatomy class, she can walk through a 3D model of the human body and look at all the organ systems up close. It's like the real world but not! Emily says virtual reality makes the material way more memorable and fun to learn.I know this was a lot of digital stuff to cover, but I hope I explained everything clearly. College definitely seems a whole lot different from elementary school! From online lectures to virtual reality, digital technology is changing how Emily and her classmates learn in all sorts of high-tech ways. I can't wait until I'm older so I can try out all these awesome digital tools myself. Although to be honest, a part of me will kind of miss the simplicity of reading from a paperback book and writing on actual paper with a pencil. There's something nostalgic about that. But overall, I think digital learning techs sound unbelievably cool and useful. The future of education is going to be a wild digital ride!篇5Title: Big Kids and Their Computer ToysMy big brother goes to a really big school called college. He's 20 years old and he's studying to be an engineer, which means he builds things like robots and bridges. He's always working on his laptop or playing around with some new gadget or app. He says all the "digital learning tech" helps him study better. I篇6Digital Learning Is Cool!Hi there! My name is Emily, and I'm a 4th grader at Sunny Hills Elementary School. Today, I'm going to tell you all about what college students think of digital learning technologies. It's a fascinating topic that my older sister, who's a freshman at State University, has been discussing a lot lately.You see, when my sister started college last fall, she was amazed by all the high-tech gadgets and software that her professors were using in their classes. It was a whole new world compared to the chalkboards and textbooks she was used to in high school!One of the coolest things my sister raves about is this thing called a "smart board." Imagine a gigantic tablet or computer screen at the front of the classroom, but you can write on it with a special pen, and the professor can pull up all sorts of multimedia content like videos, animations, and interactive diagrams! My sister says it makes her lectures way more engaging and easier to understand than just listening to someone drone on and on.Another nifty tool that many of her classes use is online discussion forums. It's like a message board where students can post questions, share ideas, and have conversations about the course material outside of class time. My sister finds it super handy for getting clarification on tricky concepts or collaborating with classmates on group projects.Speaking of group projects, colleges are also using a lot of cloud-based tools that allow multiple people to work on the same document or presentation simultaneously from different locations. How awesome is that? My sister and her teammates don't have to constantly email files back and forth or meet up in person to get stuff done.But perhaps the most mind-blowing digital learning technology my sister has encountered is something called"virtual reality." By wearing a special headset, she can be transported into immersive 3D environments that bring abstract concepts to life in stunning detail. For example, in her biology class, she got to take a virtual tour through the human circulatory system and see how blood cells travel through the body's vessels. It's like going on the most epic field trip ever without leaving the classroom!Overall though, my sister says the majority of her peers seem excited about the potential of digital learning to make their studies more interactive, collaborative, and fun. They feel like these tools are better preparing them for the highly digital and connected workplaces they'll eventually join after graduation.Personally, I can't wait until I get to use all of this cool technology when I'm older! Sure, there's something nostalgic about old-school pencil-and-paper learning. But being able to explore the ancient ruins of Rome in virtual reality or beam a hologram of my science project to kids across the world? Sign me up!Maybe by the time I'm in college, we'll have even crazier advancements like learning implants that can directly download knowledge into our brains. A girl can dream, right? For now though, I'll settle for my class's brand-new Chromebooks andhope I can avoid getting fingers smudges all over the shiny touchscreens.What's been your experience with digital learning tech so far? I'd love to hear about the awesome (or not-so-awesome) tools your teachers have introduced. Learning sure has come a long way from just reading dusty textbooks and watching filmstrips on an old projector!At the end of the day, whether you prefer high-tech orlow-tech, the most important thing is having teachers who make lessons engaging and relevant. All the snazzy gadgets in the world won't make a boring subject fun. But when educators harness the power of technology in creative ways, it can unlock new worlds of possibility for students like us.。
Please cite asA. Ip, A. Young, I. Morrison (2002) Learning Objects - Whose are they? Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference of the National Advisory Committee on Computing Qualifications ISBN 0-473-08747-2 Pages 315-320Learning Objects - Whose are they?Albert IpDigital Learning SystemsAlison YoungProfessor, UNITECIain MorrisonProfessor of Information Systems, The University of MelbourneAdjunct Professor, UNITECAbstract:There has been a recent surge of interest in so-called Learning Management Systems - generally Web-based technologies which facilitate student access to, and participation in, a course or program. Closer inspection show that although there are some useful learning aids in terms of information access, chat forums and review, the major emphasis is on management - of content, learner and learner progress. The paper looks beyond this to using technology to design and deliver, within a management framework, interactive and student/teacher selected learning events - which we call dynamic 'learning objects'. We provide a rationale for the approach and a technical framework for constructing complying prototypes. Some prospective applications for further learning analysis are discussed.IntroductionTraditionally, digital learning content is developed for a complete course. However, driven by the push of learning technology standards and by teaching practice, we have seen more content developed specifically to be deployed as learning ‘objects’ – smaller content units capable of being reused in different courses and possibly contexts.There are a number of academic arguments as to what comprises a learning ‘object’. After reviewing the literature and analysing several different pedagogical paradigms which are likely to benefit from digital technology, we earlier argued (Ip, Morrison et al. 2001) that a distinction should be made between “learning resources” and “learning objects” and that in order for a digital entity to qualify as a “learning object”, it needs more than just attaching appropriate ‘learning object’ metadata to the digital entity (that is the entity carries a description of itself) – it needs to acquire behaviour and be adaptive.For the purpose of this paper, we define a learning object (LO) as “A computer mediated or delivered module or unit, that stands by itself, that provides a meaningful learning experience in a planned learning context”. The emphasis on "learning experience" is to acknowledge the different type of interaction a learner may have with the "learning object”. There is also an explicit reference to the planned learning context as opposed to the spontaneous, accidental learning that occurs when one is engaged in other activity. The learning object is being used with an intention of learning.Taking some lessons from the object oriented software paradigm, we argue that a ‘learning object’ should possess several interfaces, attributes and methods – that is it should provide several contracts for service and exhibit both state and behaviour. At a minimum, ‘learning objects’ should have the following three standard interfaces:• A Management Interface with an underlying Learning and/or Content Management System (LMS or CMS) (or subject gateway) which support authorisation for access, accounting for use, learner progress tracking and so on;• A Learning Interface (GUI interaction) which can render, present an appropriate interaction interface to the learner in a meaningful way integrated with the rest of the course in order to support the atomic learning experience; and•An Instructional Design Interface which supports discovery of the resource, customisation, and assembly of learning objects into courses, possibly tailoring the use to meet different learning context or even different pedagogical design and requirement.A Learning Object, as we shall see, should also support behavioural change – adapting itself to learner styles and choices. We will label such a Learning Object as dynamic.Pedagogical LinkagesIn an earlier set of papers [Ip and Morrison, 2001], we looked at the efforts to characterise LOs and at the educational contexts into which they may be put. In the context of this paper, we can ask which, of any, of the educational use scenarios might be better assisted by LOs with the extensibility and interactivity we briefly set out above. We should note that both static and dynamic LOs support re-use at some level, for example, so we focus only on the extensibility.In noting the above comparison, the differences are those of timing and perspective/role. With foresight, the teacher/designer can edit/select and re-use other learning resources as appropriate to alter a standard lesson plan. The capability and capacity to do it while learning ("run-time") is one we are trying to elaborate in this paper. The difference corresponds to design time (static binding) or run-time (dynamic binding) composition of learning sequences/experiences. The latter is harder but offers more choice and flexibility. This is especially important in education, where the choice of learning resources and process of engagement are part of the learning experience.In a recent review of the application of Digital Learning Technologies in K-12, Bennet et al [Bennet, 1999] noted that there was, with the introduction of technology supported learning, a move in instructional strategies and practice to more constructivist-orientation (away from instructionist and behaviourist) and role changes evident. Students were becoming more independent and individually active. However, there were, as yet, few teaching & learning applications that supported this change.Learning Objects and Management SystemsThere are several recent developments in specifications for Digital Learning Systems that are germane to our discussion. The Advanced Distributed Learning Network [ADL] brought together industry practitioners and international standards [IEEE] and specification bodies [IMS Project] to help define critical technicalinterface points and descriptors for online delivery of learning and training. The design and packaging of the learning resources to enable their deployment to and migration between different Learner Management Systems (LMS) led to the Shareable Content Object (SCO) Reference Model (SCORM). A SCORM SCO, at its basic, is a Learning Resource plus metadata descriptors plus ‘hooks’ into an LMS – it is able to be located/stored in a Content Management System and have its use recorded in an LMS.Recently, the SCORM specification (v1.2) adopted the IMS Content Packaging specification to present (in XML) a manifest which contains descriptions of course objectives, course structure, SCOs and assets in a course which can run across different complying LMSs. SCORM also provides an API and Data Model to allow the course ‘object’ and LMS to interact and the LMS to ‘run’ the content for the learner. An extract from a real life SCORM manifest can be downloaded from the ADL site [ADL]. ADL Testbed systems and course validation tools are also available to help develop compliant ‘content’. Major LMS vendors are announcing SCORM compliant version releases. There is substantial interest, therefore, in concrete implementations that package educational content into Learning Objects (in the SCO sense noted above) for transparent operation across LMSs.SCORM specifications are aimed at encouraging and supporting small, reusable, sharable course content; discoverable learning content (via metadata descriptors). At this stage in development, SCORM is focussed more, in its manifest and content model, on what we have called learning atoms and learning resources (see later), with a simple aggregation sequencing model for content (the aggregation of SCO into the course as expressed in the manifest).The SCORM Model envisages three levels of component:•SCORM ‘Assets’ are what we have called ‘input’, the basic building blocks (media elements, text etc)•SCORM ‘Resources’ are collections of ‘assets’ that are searchable/retrievable as a single unit •SCORM ‘SCO’s are ‘assets’ or ‘resources’ which provide tracking capability through the LMS.The SCORM model has introduced a new workflow for courseware development. The model now calls for the creation of Sharable Content Objects (SCO) and then assembly of the SCOs into courses by using IMS content packaging specification. This assembling process represents a separation of content subject matter expertise and instructional design expertise. The Instructional Design interface of a learning object should expose the learning object’s subject matter as metadata elements and allow instruction designer (or software agent ‘on the fly’) to assemble the learning objects into pedagogically effective courses.Our ‘learning object’ remains consistent with the SCORM with the proviso that we are seeking to enhance current models to allow for more pedagogically sound and dynamic instructional content models. Our perspectives are set out in Figure-1. The roles that we see of increasing importance are those of teacher and learner. When we say “Whose Learning Objects”, we are alluding to our view that the focus should move to the teacher/learner interfaces and away from the management interfaces. Our definitions of learning object, learning interface and learning design interface can be interpreted flexibly within the SCORM Model and, as will be seen later, can be largely reconciled through interpretation of aggregation points and having a ‘dynamic’ manifest.While SCORM specification fits well with the learning object model, and we have discussed the dynamics of content and sequence changes, there is another consequence of re-use or repurposing of content. The SCO does not in its current state have the ability to acquire the look and feel of a course built using this re-use framework nor the ability to acquire the "rendering" mechanism established in other part of the course. That is the early binding of the content and rendering/interactivity into a course element/learning resource leads to disjunctions in ‘look-and-feel’ as this creates courses which look like a mosaic of separate units. The Canadian Defense Learning Network Test Lab [St Pierre] is addressing this issue of ‘dynamic presentation’ of Learning Objects through the use of deeper definition of the structure of a SCO. Ip, Radford, Horsewood & Canale (in preparation) are developing a "lite" SCORM-Style Sheet Support model to allow SCO to pick up the look and feel of a course by slightly modification to the SCO. We need to allow for a late binding (or separation at the design level) of learning content (information) and its presentation (rendering) to facilitate easy re-use at the learner level.The basic concept is inline with our dynamic model and with industry design patterns which separate resource content, management, presentation and transformation (to encode the content in in XML and the presentation managed by XSLT or CSS). However the rendering of "structured resources" still require appropriate software. The Cocoon e-publishing package [Cocoon] provides some useful architectural constructs for addressing this.Enhanced Content ModelIn a report to the Curriculum Corporation in Australia titled “What to build and why”, McRae [Reference] noted the need for a similar change to a constructivist orientation and for online resources to be more open and offer challenging experiences. He further noted that “objects should support a range of learning activity... not assume self-contained self-assessment processes... offer flexible organisation and be adaptive to learners”. A mental framework of ‘objects’ offering a ‘concept’ model, a ‘schema’ model and ‘chunks’was advanced. The ‘concept’ held the context, goals and was based on prior knowledge – it helped learners conceptualise the learning experience in prospect. The ‘schema’ set out the organisation structure of the object and where points of flexibility and adaptability in learning activities/styles/sequencing lay. The ‘chunks’ were the basic building blocks of resource. For our purposes, this framework is very similar to ours – chunks are atoms or simple learning resources; ‘schemas’ are dynamic LO sequences; and ‘concepts’ are what the teacher/designer sets into the initial LO template.We feel therefore that the construction of a dynamic LO is a useful advance on the current SCORM (see below) constructs and offers a number of advantages in a teaching & learning context consistent with emerging instructional design ideas and teaching practice. It also supports a higher level of student-centric learning activities. The simple content and interaction model of SCORM Version 1.2 supports our perspective in Figure-2, namely the learner interacts with the course elements and events are written to the LMS as appropriate. In Figure-3, we posit a dynamic model where learner behaviour (interactions) changes the path through a course (as expressed in its sequencing and use of learning resources) dynamically.In Figure-2, our use scenario is that the teacher has expressed a lesson plan in the manifest and learning sequence, which the student works through, in sequence, using ‘hard-wired’ SCOs and having status/progression logged to the LMS. The sequence could include Question & Test elements at appropriate points. In Figure-3, our use scenario is that student starts with a ‘base’ sequence but can, at points allowed by the teacher, select from a palette of further resources (or more openly if allowed) for exploration prior to re-joining the main sequence. Figure-2 may be more representative of a ‘training’ scenario where there is a fixed curriculum with expected outcomes and behaviours. Figure-3 may be more representative of a ‘learning’ or ‘knowledge construction’ scenario where the educational outcomes are broader and behaviour less specifically directed.The variation or adaptation of the learning sequence is done via dynamic manifest. Other more local dynamic events are handled via the LO. For example, if the LMS detects a misconception of a point (e.g. via the result of a test - the test is a SCO), then it can dynamically modify the manifest to send additional SCOs (changing the path the student through the sequence). Another dynamic adaptation is that if a learner is registered as visually impaired, the LO may choose to present the material in large fonts or activate a text to speech engine to read out the material. This level of dynamic behaviour does not involve dynamic changes of the course sequence (or structure) and is local to the LO.It should be clear that the Learning Object in our model carries the centrality of our proposition – the LMS (or the LO itself based on implementation technology) dynamically constructs the LO from an initial template and modified based on the learner characteristics. The LO carries the state of the interaction and supports event reporting. Events can still be logged to the LMS as the learner acquires content (learning atoms or resources) from the CMS or completes milestones in the manifest description (albeit dynamic).Development ModelWe have elaborated here a conceptual model for design and implementation of a dynamic Learning Object compatible with SCORM and current LMS. This model will also enable some of the issues associated with learning resource migration transparency and reuse to be addressed.For purposes of demonstration, we articulate, at a high level, a model for creation and use of our ‘learning resources’ within the “Document Object Model” (DOM). The DOM is useful for our purposes because:-•it maps transparently the XML-based interfaces (packaging and content) proposed for the LMS, CMS and SCORM metadata•it supports persistence and instantiation (save and restore from databases)•its structure supports the development of hierarchical (and dynamic) content development from ‘atoms’ through complete lesson plans•it can bind resource processors (renderers) to elements or components of a learning resource•it is extensible therefore capable of supporting a range of pedagogic and management styles•it can accommodate both early (static) and late (dynamic) binding decisionsWe provide in Figure-4 a schematic of a DOM representation of a learner session and interaction with a learning object. The learner has decided to replace a sequence from the canonical LO (alternatively the LMS may trigger a new self-test module). The student would draw down the LO (as last instantiated – a previous session or the initial load) following login to the LMS. The CSF (course sequence) plus state would be transformed into a Document Object Model in the server – an in-memory representation of the Learning Object. As the student interacts with the LO, state is created and intermittently events would be triggered to the LMS as the student completes, for example, SCORM AUs, or Learning Resources. At various points, the student would have the option of re-sequencing or extending their study. These points would be set by the teacher/designer and validated by the CSF DTD or Schema to preserve the integrity of the lesson plan [McRae]. This would ensure that the new sequence maintained educational validity. The choice could be made from a draw-down palette or from the CMS with pre-selected metadata descriptors. The DOM would be updated dynamically to track resource sequence and progress. The ‘dynamic’ CSF would be learner specific but DTD compliant and interface with the LMS which would need to track resource use and learner progress. In order to preserve the ‘look-and-feel’, accessible Learning Resources (located by metadata search or menu pull-down) should be learning atoms or learning objects with separated content syntax and presentation syntax.SummaryIn this paper, we have explored the interaction between the learner, the teacher-initiated lesson plan, and the associated management systems in an online learning environment.Current systems are evolving to support simple information (learning atom) access or managed access (learner and content) to “static” learning objects. To support a wider range of pedagogies, and in particular resource-based and learner-initiated learning patterns, we have articulated the need for a more open view of a learning object that allows for interactivity and extensibility of resource and the management of the learner session from a teaching & learning perspective.We have provided a framework for the development of such “dynamic learning objects” within a standard model (DOM) and compatible with current developments in learner and content management systems (SCORM, LMS and CMS).We believe that the current SCORM can, with minimal changes, be adapted to allow the range and sequencing of learner activity to be flexible within an overall learning plan set by a teacher/designer, and for content use to be guided, but not necessarily prescriptive, in accord with good teaching practice.It is our aim to build a few prototype lesson plans exhibiting this dynamic activity within the SCORM framework and to evaluate consequent student use in a moderated series of experiments.ReferencesIp, A. and R. 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