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Unit 4, Lesson ATrack 1-4-1A.Listen to the conversation. What are Mick and Paula’s New Year’s resolutions? Circle the correct answers.Paula: Wow, another year is over!Mick: I know. Happy New Year, Paula!Paula: Same to you, Mick. So, do you have any New Year’s resolutions?Mick: Yeah. This year, I want to get a new job.Paula: Really?Mick: Yeah. I make good money now, but the hours are long. How about you? What’s your New Year’s resolution?Paula: I’m not sure. This year I want to meet some new people and do something fun. Mick: Like what?Paula: I don’t know. Maybe I need a hobby.Mick: Well, what do you like to do?Paula: I love to dance. I’d like to study modern dance.Mick: You should take a class. Then you can do something fun and meet other people, too. Paula: That’s a good idea.Track 1-4-2B.Listen again. Circle True or False.Track 1-4-3A.Listen to the first part of this radio interview and circle the correct answers. Interviewer: And welcom e back to KPLX radio in Los Angeles. We’re talking this morning with Europe’s hottest singer, Yeliz. Thanks for joining us.Yeliz: Sure! Hello Los Angeles!Interviewer: So, tell us a little about yourself, Yeliz. Where are you from exactly?Yeliz: I was bo rn in Istanbul, but I live in Scotland now. My dad’s Scottish. My mom’s Turkish.Interviewer: You’re only seventeen. What’s it like being successful at your age?Yeliz: It’s pretty exciting. I get to travel, and meet some interesting people.Track 1-4-4B.Listen again. Complete the sentences. Check the correct boxes.Interviewer: And welcome back to KPLX radio in Los Angeles. We’re talking this morning with Europe’s hottest singer, Yeliz. Thanks for joining us.Yeliz: Sure! Hello Los Angeles!Interviewer: So, tell us a little about yourself, Yeliz. Where are you from exactly?Yeliz: I was born in Istanbul, but I live in Scotland now. My dad’s Scottish. My mom’s Turkish.Interviewer: You’re only seventeen. What’s it like being successful at your age?Yeliz: It’s pretty exciting. I get to travel, and meet some interesting people. Interviewer: You’re touring now, but what are you plans for the future?Yeliz: After the tour, I want to take a break. Then later this year, I plan to make a new CD. Interviewer: Do you have any advice for other young artists?Yeliz: Well, I’d say follow your dreams. Work hard, and you can be successful.Track 1-4-5A.Listen to a talk about how to become successful in business. What are the things y ou should do or you shouldn’t do?Complete the sentences.If you want to become a successful businessperson, you should do three things. First, you should think about your goals every day. Make plans for today, tomorrow, and next year. Second, you should join a business club. You can learn a lot from the other members, and they can give you good advice. Third, you shouldn’t work every night and every weekend. Sometimes you should take a break. You get more energy and ideas when you relax. And you need a lot of energy and ideas to make money!Track 1-4-6A.Listen to a talk about realizing dreams.Find your dreamWe all have dreams, but some people actually make their dreams come true. Their secret? They quit dreaming. And they start doing. Even a very big dream starts with small steps, and small goals. Maybe your dream is to become a doctor. Start by thinking about small goals for yourself. Ask, “What can I do today?” You can’t start medical school today, but you can send e-mails and make phone calls to get information about medical schools. Make a list of schools to call, and then call a few of them every day. What do you need for your dream? Tell friends and family members -- many of them can help you. For example, you want to become an artist. You need a lot of cheap paper for drawing. Maybe your friend’s brother throws away a lot of big paper at his office. So, share your dream with the world! Another good idea is talking to people who are doing your dream job. Do you dream about having your own restaurant? Go to your favorite restaurant and ask the owner lots of questions. Most people like to talk about their work.Track 1-4-7B.Listen again and complete each sentence.Track 1-4-8A.Now listen to two young people talking about their dreams.A lifetime dreamEveryone has his or her own dream jobs. Let’s listen to Yi Wang, a 29-year-old young teacher, and Hicham Nassir, who are going to talk about their dream jobs.“At the moment, I’m teaching chemistry at a university in Beijing. It’s a good job, but my dream is to make films. In China, young artists move to Beijing from all over the country. Many of them are painters, writers, and actors. I’d like to make a film about their lives and their work.” Wang is writing the film now with help from her friends, but it isn’t easy. “At the moment, the biggest problem is money,” explains Wang. “We don’t have much.” Butthis isn’t going to stop Wang and her partners. She says, “First, we’re going to make this movie. Th en, we’d like to show it in China and, maybe someday, at film festivals around the world.”16-year-old Hicham Nassir is a soccer player. He’s getting ready for a soccer match with his teammates. Hicham, the team’s star player, is a native of Morocco. He no w lives in London with his family. “My parents want me to go to college, and major in business or law,” he explains. “They want me to become a lawyer or a successful businessman. I understand them, but I want to be a pro soccer player. And my coach thinks I can do it.” And what about his parents? “I hope they change their minds,” says Hicham. “I want to play soccer professionally. It’s my dream.”Track 1-4-9B.Listen again. Then complete each sentence.Track 1-4-12B.Listen to the conversation. What does Zack want from Juan? How does he ask for it?Zack: See you later, Juan. I’m going out for a while.Juan: OK, see you.Zack: Oh no!Juan: What?Zack: I forgot to go to the ATM.Juan: Do you need money?Zack: Yeah, I’d l ike to get a haircut this afternoon. Can I borrow $20?Juan: Sure, here you go.Zack: Thanks a lot.Track 1-4-13D.Listen to the following two dialogues. Pay attention to the expressions for giving advice.A: I have a lot of bills! I’d like to save money. But I can’t! What can I do?B: Well, don’t use your credit cards so much. It’s too easy to spend money, and maybe you should go out less often.A: I’m late for work all the time. I’m always sleeping through my alarm. My boss threatens to fire me!B: Have you tried using two or three alarm clocks? I find this really helps.Unit 4, Lesson BGlobal ViewpointsMaking changesGian: My friend would like to change her life. She’d like to stop smoking and once she stops smoking she’d like to st art going to the gym and working out.Jonathan: I have friend who is unhappy with her work. I think she should go back tocollege and finish her education.Dave: My friend is studying engineering, but he doesn’t really want to be an engineer. I think he should leave engineering and study journalism.Dayanne: My sister wants to find another job. I think she should come and live with me. Woo Sung：I have a friend who works with computers, but he wants to be a rock star. I think he should do it.Goals, plans and dreamsAgnes: my goal right now is to finish my PH.D. dissertation.Gian: my short-term goal is to find a new job.Miyuki: In the next few years I would like to start a career in New York.Dan: I’m going to finish my training as a doctor in the spring a nd in the future I would like to go to California and work in a hospital.Jennifer: I’m going to move to Atlanta and start a new job. In the future I’d like to be president of the company.Catherine: Well I’m actually getting married in about three months to a great guy named Paul. We’d like to go on a honeymoon to the beach or to the ocean and we’re very excited. Julianna: My biggest dream is to own my own business.Dayanne: My main goal is to help poor people in developing countries.Jonathan: I’m not very picky, I just … would like to be happy.City LivingMike needs a changeTakeshi: Uh, Mike?Mike: Yeah?Takeshi: What are you doing?Mike: I’m thinking, I need a change.Roberto: A change?Mike: Yeah. A big change. I’m going to change my style. I’m goin g to get a haircut. Takeshi: Oh, Yeah. That’s a really big change…Mike: Hey, a haircut is just the beginning. I’m going to quit some of my bad habits too. Roberto: Bad habits?Mike: You know, I mean… sometimes I’m a little lazy… I watch too much TV… I eat a lot of junk food… I’m going to stop.Takeshi: Uh-huh. And it’s going to snow in July, too.Mike: I’m not kidding! I really want to change.Roberto: You know, Claudia told me she wants to change her life, too.Mike: Really? Does she have a lot of bad habits too?Roberto: No, but she likes to travel a lot, so she wants to change jobs to have more time to take trips. She’s going to visit her family in Brazil next month.Mike: I’d really like to travel more too! I want to go to Brazil. I’m going to go when I’m rich and famous.Takeshi: You’re going to be rich and famous?Roberto: Oh, that’s right. I remember, you’re going to become a famous movie star…Mike: No. That was last week.Takeshi: you’re going to be a rock and roll star?Mike: No way! I can’t sing. I’m going to write a book that sells a million copies. Roberto: Oh! That sounds great. So what is this terrific book going to about?Mike: I don’t know yet. But I know that it starts with a guy that wants to get a haircut. Takeshi: That’ll sell a million copies… I’m sure of it.Mike: And then maybe he becomes a super cool movie star… or an athlete…or a race car driver…C. WritingMike decides that he needs to change his style. First he’s going to get a haircut. Then he’s going to quit some of his bad habits and travel more. Mike then tells Roberto and Takeshi that he’s going to be rich and famous. They ask if he’s going to become a rock and roll star or maybe a movie star. Mike says “no” and explains that he’s going to write a book that sells a million cop ies. What’s the book about? Mike’s not sure… but it all starts with a haircut!。
大学英语教材4听力原文Unit 1 Life ChangesPart A1. W: I can't believe it's been four years since we started university.M: Yeah, time really flies. It feels like it was just yesterday when we were freshmen.Q: What are the speakers talking about?2. W: I've been feeling so stressed out lately. I have exams coming up next week.M: I understand how you feel. Make sure you take breaks and give yourself time to relax.Q: Why is the woman feeling stressed?3. M: I applied for an internship at a big law firm. I really hope I get it.W: Don't worry, you have a lot of experience and your grades are excellent. I'm sure you'll get the job.Q: What does the woman mean?4. W: Are you going to the club meeting tonight?M: No, I decided to quit. I need to focus on my studies and part-time job.Q: Why is the man quitting the club?5. W: I can't believe my brother is getting married next month. It feels like he was just a baby yesterday.M: I know what you mean. Time really does fly by.Q: What is the woman surprised about?Part BDirections: You will hear information about a university course. Listen carefully and answer the questions.Good morning, everyone. I'm here to introduce a new course that will be offered next semester. The course is called "Introduction to Environmental Science." This course would be of interest to students from different academic backgrounds, as it covers a wide range of topics related to the environment.Firstly, let me provide you with an overview of the course content. The course will explore major environmental issues, such as climate change, pollution, and resource depletion. We will discuss the causes and consequences of these issues, as well as potential solutions. Students will have the opportunity to develop a holistic view of the environment and understand the interconnectedness of various environmental processes.The course will consist of lectures, guest speakers, and group discussions. We will also incorporate field trips to environmental organizations and research institutes, allowing students to apply their knowledge in real-world settings. This hands-on experience will enhance students' understanding and give them a chance to engage with professionals working in the field.Assessment for the course will be based on class participation, assignments, and a final exam. This will encourage students to actively participate in discussions and apply what they have learned to solve environmental problems. Additionally, students will have the option to work on a group project, where they can further explore a specific environmental issue and propose solutions.The prerequisites for this course are an introductory science course and good English proficiency. It is open to both undergraduate and graduate students. For those interested, registration will open next week, and limited seats are available. I encourage you to take advantage of this opportunity to expand your knowledge and contribute to environmental sustainability.That's all for today's introduction. If you have any further questions, please feel free to ask. Thank you.6. What is the purpose of the talk?7. What topics will be covered in the course?8. How will students apply their knowledge in the course?9. What will assessment be based on?10. Who can take the course?Unit 2 Cultural DifferencesPart A1. W: I was surprised to learn that people in this country eat dinner so late in the evening.M: Yes, it's quite different from what I'm used to back home. But I've gotten used to it now.Q: What does the man say about the dinner time in this country?2. W: Excuse me, is it okay to give a gift with one hand in this culture?M: No, it's considered impolite. It's better to use both hands when presenting a gift.Q: What does the man say about giving gifts in this culture?3. M: I find it fascinating how people here greet each other with a bow.W: Yes, it's a sign of respect and politeness in this culture.Q: What do the speakers say about the bowing greeting in this culture?4. W: When I traveled to another country, I found the local customs and traditions to be very different from my own.M: That's what makes traveling so interesting. You get to experience different cultures firsthand.Q: What does the man say about traveling?5. M: I'm having a hard time adjusting to the food here. It's so different from what I'm used to.W: It takes time to get used to new flavors and cuisines. Don't worry, you'll adapt eventually.Q: What advice does the woman give to the man?Part BDirections: You will hear a conversation between a professor and a student who is studying abroad. Listen carefully and answer the questions.Professor: So, how are you finding your study abroad experience so far?Student: It's been great, Professor! I'm really enjoying it. The only thing is, I sometimes feel overwhelmed by the cultural differences.Professor: That's perfectly normal. It can be a bit challenging at first. Which aspect of the culture do you find the most different?Student: The concept of personal space is something I'm still trying to get used to. In my home country, people tend to keep a larger distance when talking to each other. Here, it's much closer, which I find a bit uncomfortable.Professor: Ah, yes. That's a common observation. In this country, physical closeness is seen as a sign of friendliness and warmth. People often stand closer to each other when conversing. It's an interesting cultural difference, isn't it?Student: It definitely is. I'm slowly adapting, but it still feels awkward at times. Another thing I've noticed is that punctuality is highly valued here. Back home, being a few minutes late is usually not a big deal. But here, it seems like everyone is always on time for appointments.Professor: Yes, that's true. Being on time is considered a sign of respect for others' time. It's important to be mindful of that cultural expectation. Are there any other cultural differences that have stood out to you?Student: Well, the food is quite different too. The flavors, spices, and even the eating etiquette are all new to me. It's been an adventure trying outnew dishes, though. I've discovered some amazing flavors I didn't know existed before.Professor: That's one of the joys of traveling and experiencing different cultures. It broadens your perspective and introduces you to new and exciting things. Don't hesitate to reach out if you have any more questions or concerns about adjusting to the cultural differences. I'm here to support you throughout your study abroad journey.11. What does the student find challenging about the cultural differences?12. How do people in the country view physical closeness when conversing?13. Why is punctuality highly valued in the country?14. What does the student say about the food in the country?15. According to the professor, what is one of the benefits of experiencing different cultures?。
新视野⼤学英语视听说教程3（第三版）UnittextUint4听⼒原⽂和答案Unit 4 testNextDirections: Click on the speaker to the left to start playing the audio recordingsParts I, II and III. They will be played continuously. Once the recording starts playiplease do NOT click on either the speaker icon or the 'Unit Quiz' link in the menuabove. Otherwise, you may lose the chance of hearing the complete recording.Part IDirections: Listen to the short dialogs, and then choose the correct answersto the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing,there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playingto check your answers.1.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. They are taking photos.B. They are barbecuing.C. They are playing with the woman's sister.D. They are looking at photos.2.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The man's mom will always scold him when he and his brother fight.B. The man's mom will always scold his brother when they fight.C. The woman's sister is very naughty.D. The woman sometimes fights with her little sister.3.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The woman thinks parents shouldn't allow children to watch TV at all.B. The man's child is a couch potato.C. The woman's child doesn't like watching TV.D. The man encourages his child to work out to reduce the time spendingon TV.4.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. Husband and wife.B. Daughter and father.C. Mother and son.D. Two colleagues.5.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. One had better forget the divorce.B. One should find a new spouse as early as possible.C. Divorce is very painful.D. Divorce is not very painful.Part IIDirections: Listen to the passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen for the general idea. When the passage is read the second time, fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you hear. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10, write down either the exact words you hear or the main points in your own words. When the passage is read the third time, check your answers.In a powerful new Mercedes a married couple are driving along a highwayHer husband suddenly looks over at her. From theand themoment. He says, "been married for 20 years, but I want aThe wife says nothing, but slowly increases theHe then says, "(8)Again the wife stays quiet, but speeds up as her rage increases."I want the house," he insists, pressing his luck.The wife speeds up to 80 mph.He says, "I want the car, too," but she just drives faster and faster.By now she's up to 90 mph."All right," the man says, "(9)The wife slowly starts to veer toward a bridge.This makes him a bit nervous, so he says, "Isn't there anything you want?"The wife says, ""Oh, really," he says, "So what have you got?"Seconds before they slam into the bridge at a speed of 100 mph, the wife smiles and says, "The airbag."Part IIIDirections: Listen to the following recording, and then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.1. What is the passage mainly about?A. The importance of remarriage.B. The reasons for a remarriage.C. Ways of preparing for a blended family.D. Children's problems in a blended family.2. How will children view the man their single mother is dating if she says "we're just friends"?A. They will find the man threatening.B. They will leave home.C. They will treat the man as a friend.D. They will be eager to have a new father.3. How can single parents benefit from advice?A. They can make up their minds to find a new spouse quickly.B. They can see the issue from a new angle.C. They will understand their former spouse better.D. They can give their new spouse a surprise.4. According to the passage, which of the following is true in the case of a divorce?A. Children are sadder than parents.B. Parents are sadder than children.C. Younger children have more problems than older children.D. Older children have more problems than younger children.5. Which people are mentioned in the passage who must make adjustments in a blended family?A. The stepparent and the biological parent.B. The stepparent and the children.C. The biological parent and the children.D. The stepparent, the biological parent, and the children.Part IVDirections: Choose the best answer to each of the following statements.1.Amy, sit down. We need to talk. Your mother and I are going to _________.A. separateB. separate with each otherC. divorce ourselvesD. divorce with each other2.So you're still single? If you ________ to me and used the Internet, you'd have had a husband by now.A. listenB. have listenC. have listenedD. had listened3.I _________ an online ad that read, "Husband Wanted".A. putB. postedC. positionedD. pressed4.I do have a right _____ stability for my children and myself, don't I?A. inB. forC. toD. at5.Do you yell at him and call ______________?A. him namesB. his namesC. him nameD. his naming6.Remarriage was the ______ thing I'd consider for two years after my divorce.I had heard about the high rate of remarriage failures.A. finalB. eventualC. lastingD. last7.As time ________, my son gradually grew up, and he became conscious of my loneliness and anxiety.A. went byB. went pastC. passed overD. passed through8.____________ he said this, I ignored him.A. In the first timeB. The first timeC. The first time whenD. At the first time when9.Our kids are being teased by other kids at school because we can't dress them _____ the current fashions!A. withB. byC. inD. for10.I hope you won't hesitate and let golden opportunities slip _______ your fingers.A. inB. overC. alongD. through。
UNIT 4 Statements and CommentsSection A 1.expressed concern 2.apologized remarks 3.denied charges warned 4.condemned 5.called for 6.threatened accused 7.deeply troubled 8.allegations baseless 10.stressed the importanceSection B 1. The Canadian Prime Minister Steven Harper has announced the construction of two military facilities in the Arctic and a move to assert his country’s sovereignty over the contested region, which is estimated to contain billions of dollars of oil and gas deposits.2. A speaker purporting to be al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden is accusing the US and the European Union of backing a war against Islam.3. The former president of Iran Mohammad Khatami says American attempts to impose western-style democracy on the Middle East are flawed because democracy is not something that can be exported.4. The Pentagon has issued a memo to rebut the criticism from several retired generals who called for Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld to resign.5. British Prime Minister Tony Blair says his country is taking tough new measures to fight extremism following last month’s deadly terrorist attacks in London.Answer：1.B 2.D 3A 4D 5CSection CItem 1Russian President Vladimir Putin says his country is prepared to help Kyrgyzstan’s new leaders establish stability in the wake of a political upheaval. Mr. Putin made these comments today following a telephone discussion with Kyrgyzstan’s opposition leader Kurmanbek Bakiyev who was appointed by parliament to lead an interim government. Kyrgyzstan’s new leaders are trying to restore order after two days of massive looting and street violence that left at least three people dead and injured many more.Answer：1-(B,D) 2-(A,D) 3-(G) 4-(E)Item 2 British officials in Iran have denied allegations of any British involvement in violence in the southwestern province of Khuzestan where at least four people were killed in two bomb attacks on Saturday. The British embassy in Tehran condemned the attacks and said Britain rejected allegations linking it to terrorist outrages. Several Iranian officials have made statements implicating British troops stationed across the border inside southern Iraq in the bombings and in previous attacks earlier this year which killed 10 people.Answer：Task1：1F 2F 3F 4T 5FTask2:1.embassy rejected linking to2.Iranian officials implicating bombings previous attacks Item 3 For the first time, President Bush has said it could be accurate to compare the recent escalation of violence in Iraq to the 1968 Tet Offensive during the Vietnam War. The Tet Offensive marked a strong downturn in public support for both the Vietnam War and then-President Lyndon Johnson. Mr. Bush spoke in an ABC TV interview in which he addressed increased violence in Iraq. The comparison of the insurgency in Iraq to the Tet Offensive in Vietnam was made in a column by Tom Friedman in the New York Times.Answer：1. The 1968 Tet Offensive (during the Vietnam War.)2 .Downturn in public support for both the Vietnam War and then-President3. Increased violence in Iraq.4. The New York Times.5. A column writer /a columnistSection DItem 1Iran’s president is denying reports he gave an interview to an Arab newspaper in which he threatened to halt oil sales if Tehran was referred to the United Nations Security Council. I ran’s Presidential Media Department made that denial in a statement issued today in a reaction to an article published in the Khaleej Times . Earlier today the United Arab Emirates-based newspaper reported that President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad threatened in an interview to stop oil sales if Iran is sent to the council for its nuclear activities. The reports from a French news agency say the reporter is astonished by the denial ,but the news agency say also says, the publisher of the newspaper says the c0nfusion may be due to the reporter not adequately identifying herself as a journalist.Answer：1.denying 2.halt oil sales 3.refered to 4.nuclear activities 5.Media 6.made that denial 7.reaction 8. French news agency 9. astonishedItem 2 South Korea and Japan say they have not detected any radioactivity to confirm North Korea’s claim that it conducted an underground nuclear test on Monday .Late Friday unnamed U.S. official said U.S. aircraft have detected traces of radiation in the airsamples collected near the suspected North Korea test site ,but they stressed no final determination had been made .World of the latest findings comes as the UN Security Council members continue to hammer out details of a draft resolution was expected Saturday .The UN draft resolution includes economic and weapons sanctions against North Korea, including a travel ban and financial restriction .Answer：Task1：1.D 2.BTask2:1.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.TItem 3 Russian President Vladimire Putin says he will not allow foreign powers to dictate Russia’s energy policy or interfe re in any of its internal affairs. In an interview broadcast from Saint Petersburg today , Mr. Putin told NBC News that recent Western criticism of Russia is a mix of cold war and colonialist thinking .Mr. Putin singled out U.S. Vice President Dick Chene y’s recent of Russian energy policy in which Cheney accused Russia of using its vast oil and gas resources as tools of intimidation .Putin compared those comments to an errant gunshot by Cheney that wounded a companion on a hunting trip earlier this year . The Russian leader host President Bush and other world leaders later this week in a summit of the G-8 industrialized nations . Mr. Putin said Russia is ready to hear well-intentioned criticism from foreign leaders , but said he will categorically reject what he called interference in Russia’s internal affairs .Answer:1. Putin says he will not allow foreign powers to dictate Russia’s energy policy or interfere in any of its internal affairs.2.In an NBC interview broadcast from Saint Petersburg today.3. He called it a mix of cold war and colonialist thinking4. Cheney accused Russia of using its vast oil and gas resources as tools of intimidation.5. He compared them to an errant gunshot by Cheney that wounded a companion on a hunting trip earlier this year .6. Russia welcomes well-intentioned criticism from foreign leaders. Section E 1. the new assessment of China’s military capability2. reinforces US arguments against lifting a European arms embargo3. as well as helping bringing those responsible to justice4. expressed personal condolences and the support of the American people5. the most closely guarded minister in the govern。
Unit 1 Man and NatureListen and RespondThe Importance of Protecting Sea ResourcesDuring the 19th century, people in Europe and America claimed that marine resources were unlimited.For example, a noted biologist at the time commented that none ofthe world’s great sea fisheries were ever going to be exhausted.Today though, there is evidence showing that marine resources areas seriously endangered as those of the land and the air.In fact, in some ways the threats to fish are more alarming than the threats to animals and birds.This is because fish is a much needed food resource,as people throughout the world depend on fish as an important part of their diet.It is reported that to satisfy food demands,20 billion pounds of fish are harvested every year in the North Atlantic alone.Sea resources are also rapidly declining in many other parts of the world.Scientists now believe that food supplies from the sea won’t last forever.They warn that excessive fishing will destroy fish reserves within the next few years.They also warn that the decline in fish supply will cause starvation in some parts of the world.Unit 2 Man and TechnologyListen and RespondWhat Has Technology Brought Us?Technology plays a vital role in our society.It makes our life more comfortable and convenient.Without it, we couldn’t evolve or cope up with the ever changing world we live in. Firstly, technology shortens the distance between people and makes communication much easier.Today, the Internet is widely used not only for the collection of information but also for correspondence.Secondly, modern means of transportation, such as airplanes and high-speed trains make our journey smoother and faster.With the help of modern transportation, we can go almost anywhere we want to.To journey into outer space and other planets is not a dream any more.Rockets and space shuttles have made the dream come true.Thirdly, modern medicine prolongs our life and relieves patients from pain.Some deadly diseases, such as cancer and AIDS can be treated now, and we can live longer and better.Last but not least, technology expands our vision of the world.It provides us with larger possibilities by giving us ideas that never occurred to us in the past. It is hard to imagine what the world would be like without technology.Unit 3 Fame and SuccessListen and RespondFour Steps to Successful Goal-SettingSuccessful people always have clear goals.Great musicians, great athletes, successful salespeople and inspiring leaders know what they want in life, and they go after it.No one becomes successful by accident!And yet, a lot of young people that I know just live their lives withno goals at all, or with only vague dreams, hopes and wishes.No wonder they have achieved so much less than they could!For those who have not yet experienced the joy of setting and achieving magnificent goals, here is a powerful set of principles that have worked for thousands of my clients.They will work for you, too.I call them “Four Steps to Successful Goal-Setting”:1. Decide what you want.Choose the life you prefer!You can’t have everything in life.But you can have anything you choose if you will focus,pay the price, and pursue it with all your heart.2. Make clear your values.Too often, people choose goals that are inconsistent with their priorities and daily behavior. Do you value health, or comfort?Is financial independence a priority, or merely a wish?Make sure that your goals are consistent with your most important values.3. Write them down.Have the courage to put your intentions on paper and in your own words.Be specific and describe your goals in detail.When will you achieve them?What will success look like?Write down the details and read your goals every day.4. Take action.To run a marathon, you must jog every day.A loving marriage or happy kids require your time, your attention and your love, every day. Your daily actions need not be profound or extraordinary, but they must be consistent and persistent.Success does not “just happen”.Just as an artist will make preliminary sketches and work out the details in his mind,so your success requires written goals, careful choices, clear commitments and daily persistence.You can do this.Make something great of your life!Unit 4 Work and CareerListen and RespondAttitude Makes a DifferenceAttitudes affect the way people get along at home, at school, and at work.Your attitude will influence your feelings of job satisfaction and your career success. Attitude is the way you think about things and act toward others.In fact, many employers believe that the most important factor in job success is a positive attitude.They know that an employee's work performance is closely related to his or her attitude. Employees with a positive attitude enjoy better business performance.If you view a new job as an opportunity, a chance to learn new things,and act with interest and enthusiasm, you are expressing a positive attitude.You also demonstrate a positive attitude when you are polite, cooperative and considerate with your co-workers and superiors.People with a positive attitude view the world as a friendly place.They take responsibility for their decisions and have the ability to control their feelings. People with a positive attitude are easy to get along with.They are honest in expressing their thoughts and feelings.And they are open to suggestions and constructive criticism.As you begin your new job, guard against a negative attitude.People with a negative attitude frequently complain and have careless work habits.They always blame others for their own problems.Besides, they are critical and indifferent to the needs of others.Unit 5 LifestylesListen and RespondLiving a Frugal LifePeople who live a frugal lifestyle often live with less stress.This is because they know how to take control of their money and,therefore, they have more control over their lives in general.And if you have more control of your life, you are likely to have more peace of mind.With that peace of mind comes what may be called "frugal freedom", namely, freedom from debt,freedom from envy, freedom from shame, freedom from worry, and freedom from loss of one's identity.Living a frugal life does not mean having nothing or living poor and cheap.Neither does it mean denying oneself the luxuries of life.A frugal lifestyle simply means that you have the intelligence to live a happyand fulfilling life without possessing a lot.Much of the transition from being extravagant to being frugal is within the mind.For example, before you leave your room, remember to turn off the light; keep all windows and outside doors closedwhen the air conditioning is on; turn off the tap water immediately after use; when you goshopping,use your brain to save money on certain things for something else you need or want.In short, living a frugal lifestyle means that you don't have to "keep up with the Joneses" and that you do not have to follow trends and fads.We should always remember that it is easier to spend less than it is to make more.It is easier to be frugal than to free oneself from financial stress.So, let us be frugal and live within our means.It is a great way of life.Unit 6 Attitudes to LifeListen and RespondAlways Be PositiveBeing positive is a discipline.There are so many things we cannot control,forces we are powerless to change because so much of life is unpredictable.We cannot control diseases.We cannot control injuries.We cannot control the weather and so many other things that are a part of our lives.But we can control our moods.A mood is simply a reflection of our attitude and we certainly can change our attitude.For example, when one of your co-workers asks you how you're doingwith your work, your answer may be "I feel great".But do you really feel great?Probably not.If your answer were negative, you would make your co-workers feel bad and uncomfortable. In that case, you've begun a whole cycle of negativity.Again, it's an attitude.A good attitude and a bad attitude are really just two different ways of looking at the same situation.Here's another example.You have a big work project due on the boss' desk tomorrow morning.You are up against a deadline.And you are half-done.Now there are two ways to look at the project.You can worry about all the work still left for you to do.Or you can tell yourself that half of it is already done,and you are certainly better off than when you first started the project.That's your choice: is the glass half-empty or half-full?That's the choice we have to make every morning when we get out of bed.Looking honestly at the reality of the situationand seeing the positive side of it may indeed increase the quality of our life.Self-motivated people look at each day as a new opportunity.They love what they do.They cannot wait to get to work in the morning.Unit 7 Reading and ReflectionListen and RespondReading EfficientlyYou know you have to read "between the lines" to get the most out of anything.I want to persuade you to do something equally importantin the course of your reading, that is: "write between the lines".Unless you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.I contend that marking up a book is an act of love.There are two ways in which one can own a book.The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture.But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession.Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself,and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading?First, it keeps you awake.And I don't mean merely conscious; I mean wide awake.In the second place, reading, if it is active, is thinking,and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written.The marked book is usually the thought-through book.Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the author expressed.If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it must be active.You can't let your eyes glide across the lines of a bookand come up with an understanding of what you have read.The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation and nothing is lost.But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty,a book that raises and tries to answer fundamental questions, demands the most active reading.When you've finished reading a book, and the pages are filled with your notes, you know that you read actively.Unit 8 GlobalizationListen and RespondThe Advantages and Disadvantages of GlobalizationGlobalization has been a commonly used term since the late twentieth century.It simply means that the world has become integrated economically, socially,politically and culturally through the advances in technology, transportation and communication.It is undeniable that globalization has resulted in both positive and negative effects which must be addressed accordingly.To begin with, globalization has contributed to the world's economies in many beneficial ways.Advances in science and technology have allowed businesses to easily cross over frontiers. Consequently, companies tend to become more productiveand competitive thereby raising the quality of goods, services and the world's living standards.Secondly, a very critical advantage is the spread of education.With numerous educational institutions around the globe, one can move out from the home country for better opportunities elsewhere.Thus, integrating with different cultures, meeting and learning from variouspeople through the medium of education is all due to globalization.Developing countries or labour-intensive countries have benefited the most.However, one cannot deny the negative effects resulting from globalization. Globalization has given rise to more health risks and threats of epidemics.A customary example is the dawn of HIV/AIDS.Having its origin in remote regions of Africa, the virus has spread like wildfire throughout the globe.Furthermore, food items are also transported to various countries,and this is a matter of concern, especially in the case of perishable items.The safety regulations and the standards of food preparation are different in different countries,which may pose a risk of potential health hazards.In conclusion, while globalization is inevitable, we must nevertheless urge individuals, companies and governments to use a more balanced approach by takingappropriate steps to deal with matters relating to the financialor economic gains versus the social, political and ecological concerns of the world.。
全新版大学英语(第二版)听说教程4听力答案Key to the Listening ExercisesUnit 1 One WorldPart B: Exercise 1:1. A radio or TV program2. birthday celebrations around the world3. they run a weekly column in the Toronto Daily Star4. because they can’t afford the cost5. because eighteen is the age when one is accepted as an adult with the right to vote, buy winesand drive a car.6. because girls are considered to be more mature than boys of the same age.7. Egypt, Turkey, Indonesia, and SenegalExercise 2: F F T F F F F T Part C: 1. unique 2. globe3. simultaneously4. terrorist5. remembrance6. appropriate7. sharing8. the material can be submitted to the project organizers in Scotland9. It will allow a voice to all people regardless of antionality, religion, race, political viewpoint,gender or age.Unit 2 Anti-smokingPart B:Exercise 1: d c b a a Exercise 2:1. smoking is banned; public places; theaters and airports; all workplaces2. have banned smoking; parks and recreation centers; smoke-free park; smoke-free zones; 375;January 1, 2002; harmful effects of secondhand tobacco smoke; dangerous bobacco wastePart C:d d a aUnit 3 MemoryPart B:Exercise 1: d c a cExercise 2:were born with better memories; in different parts of the brain; ideas, words; numbers; left-hand side; images; sounds; smell; right-hand side; chemicals such as adrenaline; boost memory; context; recall; to remember it; lost itPart C：A D BUnit 4 Dealing with cultural diffenencesPart B:Exercise 1: d b d c d a Exercise 2: Country Proper behaviorWhat Kate/Rob did Brazil Go round;every one individually Hello;everyone;sat down France Everyone in the group Goodbye; left The US FirmlyQuite gently Italy First;invited to;titles First name;invited to Germany Your left hand;your pocket Her left hand in her pocket Russia Owen name;a strangerHow do you doPart C: 1. C 2. D 3. B 4.Unit 5 FriendshipPart B:Exercise 1: b, c, aExercise 2: F T F F F F T F T TPart Cc d c a bUnit 6 SuccessPart B:Exercise 1: A D D B C DExercise 2: business; economics; had years of experience in; stuff they wanted to get rid of; $110,000; construction materials; old couches; metal and electronics; over 60 percent; charities; $3 million; 130; 16; 80; 2012 Part CB C B AUnit 7 WealthPart B. Exercise 1d c b b a b Exercise 21. with a fortune, easier and freer, gains nothing, glittering baggage, attended to2. the more snow it collects3. comfort, enters the house a guest , becomes a host , a master4. and ride mankind Match: 1. d 2. a 3. b 4. c Part Cc a b bUnit 8 WarPart B Exercise 1b c b a d Exercise 21. He was only 20 years old.2. There are 75 British cemeteries3. The name of 55,000 missing soldiers are engraved on its walls.4. There are no headstones, no flowers, only slabs in the grass. The whole place is dark anddank.5. It was created by an explosion.6. It dates from medieval times Part Cb dcd c bUnit 9 AgingPart B Exercise 1c cd c d Exercise 2 Diana FemaleAlzheimer’s disease 53, four Memory1. recognize familiar buildings husband’s workplace2. no idea how to get home3. recognize her cousin4. her way round her office building made mistakes Part C1) opportunities 2) services 3) longevity 4) specialty 5) structure 6) existences 7) complicated8) the elderly must rely on a fixed income9) while some live with their children, many more live by themselves, with a friend or in a nursing home10) They have formed organizations to voice their own needs and concerns to local, state andfederal agencies.Unit 10 Home SchoolingPart BExercise 1. b d a c Exercise21. 41-foot sailing boat2. dining table3. devised their own curriculum4. a shuttle launch, the Kennedy Space Center museums.5. use a library6. writing, science experiments,. artwork, projects7. the world around them8. a rain forest, a coral reef, historic ruins, foreign markets, local festivals PartC a b c cUnit 11 Opinion PollsPart B Exercise 1a cb bc Exercise 21. They are too high2. So that people can be discouraged from using cars3. She suggests that they use a graded charging system depending on how far they are fromthe city centre.4. Because they pollute the city center.5. Use the bus or tram service. Part Ca c c aUnit 12 Reality TVPart B Exercise 1.c bd d d d Exercise 2.1. In Sweden in 1997.2. On a South Pacific island in May 2000.3. They had to find and cook their own food. Sometimes they even had to eat rats and worms.4. Nine volunteers. They were filmed 24 hours a day for 100 days.5. On New Year’s Eve 19996. $1 million for the winner of Survivor and $500,000 for the winner of Big Brother.7. Big brother. Part Ca b b d dUnit 13 That’s LifePart B Exercise 1.1．In an expensive restaurant in London.2．No, he was brought up in England but now lives in South Africa. 3．With his sister and brother-in-law. Exercise 2.c a c c a a Part Cd c b dUnit14 Crime and PunishmentPart B Exercise 1.b d dc c Exercise 2.1. He wanted to buy some undetectable poison from the druggist.2. A cup of coffee.3. A pistol4. A confession of his intention to poison his wife.5. One thousand dollars.6. He would mail it to a friend.7. Preventing murders. Part CC b b aTest 1.Part A1. a2. c3.b4.c5.a6.b7. c8.d Part B9. c 10.d 11.a 12.b 13.d 14.b 15 c Part C16). warned 17). cigarette !8). disease !9) extremely 20) kick 21)attempt 22)quit 23) They hope this will eventually enable many people to permanently kill the habit.24) Smoking also can call a special telephone number to hear recorded messages by doctors.25) Americans who do not smoke are being asked to help just one person quit smoking during the 24- hour campaign. Part D26. a 27.d 28.a 29.b 30. d 31.a 32. c 33.a 34. c 35.dTest 2Part A1. b2.b3.d4.d5.d6. d7.c8. b Part B9.d 10.d 11.c 12.a 3.d 14.a 15.b Part C16) regularly 17) measure 18) range 19) media 20) preferences 21) appeal 22) strategies23) polls are used to obtain information about voters’ attitudes toward issues and candidates. 24) it is often possible to determine the probable winner even before the voting booths close.25) The public’s attitude toward various social, economic, and international issues is also considered newsworthy. Part D26. c 27.d 28. b 29.b 30. c 31.d 32. a 33. c 34. d 35. c。
Unit4PartBHow to Use an OHPM: I want to use the overhead projector for my presentation. Could you show me how to use it?W: OK, let me show you. Just watch what I do. I... I'll talk you through the procedure.M: Thanks.W: Right, well. First of all, you put the OHP on the table here, about 2 meters from the wall or the screen. Er...do you have a screen?M: Er...no. I thought I'd just use the wall.W: Oh, er...well, a screen's better, but I suppose this wall will be all right. It is sort of white. Anyway, let's try it. So, the next thing you have to do is press these buttons in and lift this part up until it snaps into place.M: I see.W: And then turn it round so the head is facing towards the screen, I mean the wall, and now we can plug it in.M: Right, and you switch it on?W: Yeah. Then I press the switch here on the front...M: Right.W: There! And the light should come on.M: Right, OK.W: Yeah, there we are. So, you just place your transparency here on the glass.M: OK, there, oh!W: Oh, no! No, the other way up.M: Oh yes, of course.W: That's right, yeah. And to raise or lower the image you move this flap up or down... There, that's better.M: Right, OK.W: And finally, to focus the image you turn this wheel to make it sharp. There we are, that's not too bad.M: Oh, that's great, yeah. OK, thanks.W: Oh, one more thing: whatever you do, don't keep switching it on and off. I'm going to switch it off now. Now, when you use it in your presentation, you should leave it switched on, with a piece of paper over the glass.M: Right, I...er... I don't understand why you have to leave it on.W: Well, the reason why you have to do that is that you don't want the bulb to fail. The bulb fails easily if the machine is on and off frequently. If it does, you'll have to replace the bulb, which will be very hot and you may not have a spare anyway. So that's about it. Any questions?M: Erm...no, that seems all very clear. Thank you very much.W: You're welcome. Oh, and I really do think you need to get a screen, by the way. The picture would be much brighter than on that wall, you know.M: Oh, OK. Well, I'll ask Jim if he's got one.W: Oh, good idea! And make sure he shows you how to put it up!M: I will. Thanks again.PartCAdditional ListeningsHow to Send an E-mailM: I would like to send an e-mail to a friend of mine. Could you tell me how to do it?W: Certainly. First, you choose the e-mail program on your computer and click New Message.M: All right.W: OK? Well, then you start typing the name of the recipient. The program remembers the name and completes the e-mail address. Well, if not, you look up the name in the address book or contact list. OK? Well, if you want other people to get copies of the same message, you send them 'CCs', which are copies of the message. OK? Then you press Return on the keyboard and then you type the subject of the message. Now, there's no need to put the date because that goes in automatically when you send the message, together with the time. OK?M: Oh, yeah.W: Well, then you press Return again and start writing the message. Now, if you make a mistake, you just press Backspace to delete the previous letter or word and then type it again correctly.M: I see.W: Now, when you've finished, you read the whole message through to make sure it looks right and contains the right information. Now, if you decide you want to change sentences around, you can copy sentences and paste them in other places.M: And...er...er...how about spelling and punctuation, er...that can be corrected automatically, can't it?W: Well, yes and no. You can run your spell checker and that may bring up some mis-typings and things like that. But it definitely won't catch them all, so you must read it through to check your spelling, too. And check your punctuation at the same time. Now if you notice a misspelt word, or if you want to change a word or something like that, double-click on the word and type the new word over it.M: Fine. That's easy.W: Hmm. And then it's ready to send. You just click on Send and it'll go off immediately. And the other person will find your message in their Inbox when they next go online to get their messages.M: Right. Well, that sounds much easier than handwriting a message and faxing it.W: Sure it does.Questions:1. Where does the computer store the e-mail addresses of your friends?2. What does "CCs" stand for? When do you use "CCs"?3. What can you do if you want to change sentences around?4. What can you do if you want the computer to check mis-typings?5. What do you do if you want to change a word?PartDLayout of a LetterAs we go through, I'm going to tell you the layout of a formal letter in English -- you might want to note this information down on a separate piece of paper. OK, the first thing is to write the sender's address in the top right-hand corner. OK. This has a set order with the number of the house or flat followed by the name of the street; and then underneath that, perhaps the district if it's a big town, then under that the name of the town or city, with the postcode. And it's now common, quite acceptable, to write all this without any punctuation at all. And the address -- please write it now in the top right-hand corner -- is 12 Greenwood Avenue.And the next line is West Ealing (that's E-A-L-I-N-G). Next line: London W5-then a small gap -- 6RJ. London W5 6RJ.Now leave a line, and then write the date directly underneath the address. Now you can do this in several different ways. You can put 10 September, or September 10, or just 10 dot 9 dot 2003. So use one of these methods and put today's date in the correct place.And now, if you want, you could write the address of the person you are writing to. If you do that, you put it on the left-hand side of the paper, and you would usually start the address at roughly the same level as the date which is on the right-hand side.The next thing we write is the salutation. Our letter is to Sean White, and we begin Dear Mr. White -- please note exactly where it goes.Now, if you don't know the person's name you just put Dear Sir, or Dear Madam, or Dear Sir or Madam. In an informal letter you still use "Dear", but you start with the person's first name -- for example, Dear Maria or Dear Stephen or whatever.And at the end of the letter you sign off "Yours sincerely" -- capital "Y", but small "s". Socould you write that now at the end of the letter, leaving a line first?Now, we put "sincerely" if we know the name of the person that we are writing to. But if you don't know the name, the traditional ending is "Yours faithfully". Now, this is the custom in Britain, although it is true to say that not everyone keeps to it, and I think in America they use different endings -- for example, they may finish a letter with "Truly yours".OK, if you are writing to a friend, then it's usually something like "best wishes", or often "love" if it's a member of your family or a very close friend, but not so common between two friends who are men. After the ending, in this case "Yours sincerely", leave a line, and then put your signature directly underneath. If your name is Maria Lee, write M. Lee underneath "Yours sincerely" Then type your full name below your signature. So do that now -- write your signature at the end of the letter. And that's it.Questions:1. According to the speaker, what should be included in the sender's address in a formal letter in English?2. Which of the following is not an acceptable way to date an English letter?3. What does the speaker say about addressing the receiver in a formal letter if we don't know the person's name?4. What does the speaker say about the ways to end a letter?5. When is it not advisable to end a letter with the word "love"?6. What is usually placed below the writer's signature at the end of a letter?。
大学生英语教材4听力答案Unit 1: Campus LifePart 1: Short ConversationsSection A1. B. The chemistry building.2. C. A camera.3. A. It's too hot.4. B. She will go to the concert.5. C. He'll look for an apartment tomorrow.Section B6. C. They will have a party.7. A. She needs more time to think about it.8. B. His wallet was stolen.9. A. It's too crowded.10. B. He needs to go to the library.Part 2: PassagesSection A11. C. To prepare for a class presentation.12. B. Reading newspapers and magazines.13. A. Less than half of the students.14. B. To focus on practical applications.15. C. By attending seminars and workshops.Section B16. B. They will be more difficult.17. C. There will be more group work.18. A. To develop students' critical thinking skills.19. B. They allow students to apply theoretical knowledge.20. A. It helps students gain practical experience.Unit 2: Personal CharacteristicsPart 1: Short ConversationsSection A1. B. In a restaurant.2. C. They both enjoyed the movie.3. A. History.4. B. He prefers reading magazines.5. C. It's too expensive.Section B6. A. Taking risks.7. B. They are curious.8. C. She should be more patient.9. B. He has a new pet.10. A. She wants to lose weight.Part 2: PassagesSection A11. B. By staying positive.12. A. They are independent.13. C. They have a strong sense of purpose.14. A. They have a positive impact on others.15. C. By setting specific goals.Section B16. B. They are more likely to succeed.17. A. They learn from their failures.18. C. They have good time management skills.19. B. By stepping out of their comfort zone.20. A. They are motivated and determined. Unit 3: Travel and SightseeingPart 1: Short Conversations1. B. At a travel agency.2. C. She prefers cultural experiences.3. A. To visit historical landmarks.4. B. The weather forecast for tomorrow.5. C. By taking a guided tour.Section B6. C. It's famous for its museums.7. A. By taking a cruise.8. A. He will have a layover in Chicago.9. B. They should try the local cuisine.10. A. She enjoys exploring new places.Part 2: PassagesSection A11. C. It offers a variety of outdoor activities.12. B. To explore the natural beauty.13. A. They are known for their architecture.14. B. It attracts tourists with its cultural heritage.15. C. By experiencing the local traditions.16. B. To learn about different cultures.17. A. They can broaden their horizons.18. C. It allows people to relax and rejuvenate.19. B. They can create lifelong memories.20. A. It helps to promote mutual understanding. Unit 4: Daily LifePart 1: Short ConversationsSection A1. A. At a pet store.2. C. She bought a new laptop.3. A. He needs help with his homework.4. B. It's too noisy.5. C. He wants to try a new recipe.Section B6. B. They enjoy spending time outdoors.7. A. To reduce stress.8. C. She should get more sleep.9. B. They are planning a surprise birthday party.10. A. He wants to improve his cooking skills.Part 2: PassagesSection A11. B. By establishing a routine.12. A. It helps to save time.13. C. They can improve productivity.14. A. It allows for better organization.15. B. By prioritizing tasks.Section B16. B. It improves overall well-being.17. C. They can enhance creativity.18. A. It strengthens relationships.19. B. They can develop new skills.20. C. It contributes to personal growth.Note: The above answers are based on assumptions and may not match the actual content of the textbook. It is advisable to refer to the official answer key provided by the textbook publisher for accurate answers. The format of the article does not adhere to any specific style as per the instruction.。
Unit 4-Conversation 1Kate: So, what did you think of the movie?Mark: It was good but I thought it was too long.Kate: Yes, me too.Kate: Hey, where's my bike? I don't believe it! It's gone! Mark: It was next to mine, you chained it up!Kate: Someone's stolen it! Oh, how could they!Mark: Oh, Kate!Kate: How could someone have done this! The creep! Mark: It's a really mean thing to do, steal a bike.Kate: It was a mountain bike and it cost a fortune —I don't have the money to buy another one.Mark: Listen, I'll go down the street and see if I can see anyone with it. Why don't you go into that shop and seeif they've seen anything suspicious? I'll be back in a minute. Kate: OK.Kate: Well?Ma rk: No luck. What did they say in the shop?Kate: I asked the shopkeeper if she'd seen anything —Mark: And?Kate: She said she hadn't. I guess it was a long shot. She advised me to report it to the police. But according toher, bikes get stolen all the time around here.Mark: Listen, let's get back so you can report it.Kate: I've got no bike. I'm just so upset!Mark: It's not far to college. Come on!Unit 4-Conversation 2Mark: So did you ring the police?Kate: Yes. I went to the police station to report it.Mark: What did they say?Kate: No one's found it. This woman said that Oxford has the fifth highest rate of bike theft in the country!Mark: You're joking!Kate: That's what she said.Mark: What else did she say?Kate: She told me that sometimes you do get bikes back —the thieves use them and then abandon them, apparently, and then people find them and report them.Mark: So you might get it back.Kate: I hope so, Mark, I really do. It's just too much, you know? But ... um ... what else? She told me to go to this sale they have of abandoned bikes. She thinks I might find it there. But it's only every two months, I can't wait till then! Honestly, Mark, I'm really furious!Mark: You can always buy a cheap bike on eBay.Kate: Hello ... Speaking ... You found it! Where was it? Is it ...? Oh, that's fantastic news! There was a lamp and a basket on it ... Right ... OK, thank you, I'll be in tomorrow morning to pick it up. Unbelievable! This guy found it!Mark: Brilliant! Was that the police?Kate: Yes. What they said was, someone dumped it outside this guy's backyard.Mark: That's so strange! Kate: The lamp's been stolen and the basket.Mark: Forget about it! You're lucky to get it back!Unit 4-Outside viewReporter：The trade in endangered animals is booming, as this collection of items seized by border agents shows.Ivory and rhino horn, trophy animals and Chinesemedicines, it's a multimillion pound black-marketindustry. This year, Sky News has filmed withrhinos in South Africa, clearly seeing the damagedone by poachers, and it's thought the number ofrhinos killed there might reach a record high thisyear.Interviewee 1：Poaching levels are at... you know, unprecedented levels now, you know, they've gonethrough the roof. The rhino ... they're anticipating1,000 rhinos to be slaughtered in South Africa, er,this year alone.Reporter：In the past year, UK customs officials have seized2.5 million illegal itoms. That’s ten times more thanthe year before. Included in that, almost 4,000 kilosof illegally imported medicines, 93 endangered liveanimals, and over 300 items made from ivory. Interviewee 2：Here we've got a pair of, er, snakeskin shoes of some sort, look like python.Reporter：The items held in this warehouse have also been smuggled illegally, often in the form of packagessent by courier or parcel post, and intercepted at theUK's ports and airports. Endangered animalsbrought in alive are rehomed across the country. Interviewee 3：There's a huge trade in reptiles, tortoises for example are enormous problems, and turtles, oftenconfiscated. And it's extremely difficult trying tofind homes for these, these, these sorts of animals. Reporter：Many of these items will be passed on for education or research. But the rhino horn will be destroyed,and prevented from ever hitting the black marketagain. Harriet Hadfield, Sky News.Unit 4-Listening inNews reportOver the past few years, the true crime genre has grown in popularity in the US. First, there was the podcast Serial, which revisited the case of Adnan Syed. He was imprisoned for the 1999 murder of his high school classmate and former girlfriend, which he claims he did not commit. Then Netflix came out with the documentary series Making a Murderer. The series follows the real-life story of Steven Avery，a man who was wrongly imprisoned for 18 years for a crime he didn’t commit. But soon after he was released from prison, he was arrested for the murder of a photographer. Again, he claims that he didn’t commit the crime.Some fans are even investigating the crimes and trials themselves. They have gathered and analyzed evidence andshared theories on other possible suspects. Both Serial and Making a Murderer have had impacts on the cases involved. Syed was given another chance to present evidence to prove he is innocent after his case became a pop cultural phenomenon, and more than 500,000 people asked for Steven Avery to be freed after the release of Making a Murderer.1.What is the news report mainly about?2.What do the cases in the programs have in common?Passage 1Patrick I read a funny story today in the paper - true story. Steve Go on, then.Patrick OK. This 72-year-old guy stole a pair of trousers from a department store in Paris. A security man saw him and alerted the police and they were waiting for him when he came out of the shop. The shoplifter started running, but the policeman soon caught up with him. The man then bit the policeman on his arm several times.Steve He bit the policeman?Patrick Yes - you have to remember, he was 72.Steve I'd forgotten that.Patrick Problem was, it didn't hurt the policeman at all, 'cause the guy had forgotten to put his false teeth in before he left home.Steve Very funny!Patrick And the moral of the story is -Steve Always remember to wear your false teeth if you're going to bite someone.Patrick That's good. I read a funny crime story the other day. Let's see ... yeah ... this guy... this guy robbed a supermarket somewhere in America -1 can't remember where exactly -anyway, he got away with about 4,000 dollars. The next week the local newspaper reported the story but said he'd stolen 6,000 dollars. The thief rang the newspaper office to complain. He said, "Look, I only took 4,000 dollars. I'm wondering if the supermarket manager took another 2,000 and said I'd taken it. I did not take 6,000, I promise you." Steve He was probably telling the truth.Patrick He probably was. Anyway, the newspaper managed to keep the guy talking while they rang the police. And the police traced the call - the guy was ringing from a phone booth - and they arrested him while he was still talking to the newspaper.Steve That's good. Stupid guy! I've got another true story ... This - this - old guy was in court for some crime - and he fell asleep. His case began and his lawyer stood up and said, "My client pleads not guilty." The man suddenly woke up, but wasn't sure what was happening. He jumped up and shouted, "I plead guilty! I plead guilty!"Patrick So what happened?Steve The judge allowed him to plead not guilty. Patrick That's the best, I think.Passage 2 Presenter You're listening to Kevin Fallen and my topic for today is street crime. Being mugged is something that can happen to anyone - and it's a very frightening experience. So it's positive when you hear of someone who was attacked by a mugger and defeated them - especially when that person is a woman. Anna Black was attacked by a mugger. She's here to tell us about it. How long ago did this happen, Anna?Anna Just over a week ago. The day it happened,I was coming home from work a bit later than usual -1 think it was about seven. I was on my mobile phone, talking to my husband.Presenter And it was still daylight?Anna Yes. Anyway, suddenly, someone pulled my hair from behind - and at the same time they grabbed my mobile phone. Now, I'm a karate black belt -Presenter Really!Anna Yes, I practise three times a week - so I'm ready for situations like this.Presenter I bet you are.Anna Yes, I can react very fast. So as soon as this guy grabbed me, I did what you're told to do in these situations. Presenter And what's that?Anna I fell backwards onto him.Presenter You fell backwards onto him!Anna Yeah! I'm tall and quite heavy - so we both fell to the ground together.Presenter Goodness!Anna I er, yeah -1 was ready to hit him but then next thing I knew, two men had seized the guy. They were driving past and they, they stopped to help. They were big strong guys. They called the police who came in five minutes. Presenter So the mugger was arrested?Anna Yes, he was.Presenter Do you think, if that hadn't happened, you could have injured him?Anna Oh, I'd like to think so. I'm a black belt,that's what I'm trained to do.Presenter Well, it's great to hear of women coping well in situations like this. Perhaps we should all learn karate.Anna I think it's a good idea to have some kind of defence training. Yes, especially if you live in an area that isn't very safe.。
Unit 4 testNextDirections: Click on the speaker to the left to start playing the audio recordingfor Parts I, II and III. They will be played continuously. Once the recordingstarts playing, please do NOT click on either the speaker icon or the 'Unit Quiz'link in the menu bar above. Otherwise, you may lose the chance of hearing thecomplete recording.Part IDirections: Listen to the short dialogs, and then choose the correct answersto the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing,there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the secondplaying to check your answers.1.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. They are taking photos.B. They are barbecuing.C. They are playing with the woman's sister.D. They are looking at photos.2.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The man's mom will always scold him when he and his brotherfight.B. The man's mom will always scold his brother when they fight.C. The woman's sister is very naughty.D. The woman sometimes fights with her little sister.3.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The woman thinks parents shouldn't allow children to watch TV atall.B. The man's child is a couch potato.C. The woman's child doesn't like watching TV.D. The man encourages his child to work out to reduce the timespending on TV.4.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. Husband and wife.B. Daughter and father.C. Mother and son.D. Two colleagues.5.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. One had better forget the divorce.B. One should find a new spouse as early as possible.C. Divorce is very painful.D. Divorce is not very painful.Part IIDirections: Listen to the passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen for the general idea. When the passage is read the second time, fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you hear. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10, write down either the exact words you hear or the main points in your own words. When the passage is read the third time, check your answers.In a powerful new Mercedes a married couple are driving along ahighwayHer husband suddenly looks over at her. From thevoice and thethis moment. He says, "know we've been married for 20 years, but I want aThe wife says nothing, but slowly increases themph.He then says, "(8)Again the wife stays quiet, but speeds up as her rage increases."I want the house," he insists, pressing his luck.The wife speeds up to 80 mph.He says, "I want the car, too," but she just drives faster and faster.By now she's up to 90 mph."All right," the man says, "(9)The wife slowly starts to veer toward a bridge.This makes him a bit nervous, so he says, "Isn't there anything you want?"The wife says, ""Oh, really," he says, "So what have you got?"Seconds before they slam into the bridge at a speed of 100 mph, the wife smiles and says, "The airbag."Part IIIDirections: Listen to the following recording, and then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.1. What is the passage mainly about?A. The importance of remarriage.B. The reasons for a remarriage.C. Ways of preparing for a blended family.D. Children's problems in a blended family.2. How will children view the man their single mother is dating if shesays "we're just friends"?A. They will find the man threatening.B. They will leave home.C. They will treat the man as a friend.D. They will be eager to have a new father.3. How can single parents benefit from advice?A. They can make up their minds to find a new spouse quickly.B. They can see the issue from a new angle.C. They will understand their former spouse better.D. They can give their new spouse a surprise.4. According to the passage, which of the following is true in the case ofa divorce?A. Children are sadder than parents.B. Parents are sadder than children.C. Younger children have more problems than older children.D. Older children have more problems than younger children.5. Which people are mentioned in the passage who must make adjustments ina blended family?A. The stepparent and the biological parent.B. The stepparent and the children.C. The biological parent and the children.D. The stepparent, the biological parent, and the children.Part IVDirections: Choose the best answer to each of the following statements.1.Amy, sit down. We need to talk. Your mother and I are going to_________.A. separateB. separate with each otherC. divorce ourselvesD. divorce with each other2.So you're still single? If you ________ to me and used the Internet,you'd have had a husband by now.A. listenB. have listenC. have listenedD. had listened3.I _________ an online ad that read, "Husband Wanted".A. putB. postedC. positionedD. pressed4.I do have a right _____ stability for my children and myself, don't I?A. inB. forC. toD. at5.Do you yell at him and call ______________?A. him namesB. his namesC. him nameD. his naming6.Remarriage was the ______ thing I'd consider for two years after mydivorce. I had heard about the high rate of remarriage failures.A. finalB. eventualC. lastingD. last7.As time ________, my son gradually grew up, and he became conscious ofmy loneliness and anxiety.A. went byB. went pastC. passed overD. passed through8.____________ he said this, I ignored him.A. In the first timeB. The first timeC. The first time whenD. At the first time when9.Our kids are being teased by other kids at school because we can'tdress them _____ the current fashions!A. withB. byC. inD. for10.I hope you won't hesitate and let golden opportunities slip _______your fingers.A. inB. overC. alongD. through。
Unit 4-Conversation 1Kate: So, what did you think of the movie?Mark: It was good but I thought it was too long.Kate: Yes, me too.Kate: Hey, where's my bike? I don't believe it! It's gone! Mark: It was next to mine, you chained it up!Kate: Someone's stolen it! Oh, how could they!Mark: Oh, Kate!Kate: How could someone have done this! The creep! Mark: It's a really mean thing to do, steal a bike.Kate: It was a mountain bike and it cost a fortune —I don't have the money to buy another one.Mark: Listen, I'll go down the street and see if I can see anyone with it. Why don't you go into that shop and seeif they've seen anything suspicious? I'll be back in a minute. Kate: OK.Kate: Well?Ma rk: No luck. What did they say in the shop?Kate: I asked the shopkeeper if she'd seen anything —Mark: And?Kate: She said she hadn't. I guess it was a long shot. She advised me to report it to the police. But according toher, bikes get stolen all the time around here.Mark: Listen, let's get back so you can report it.Kate: I've got no bike. I'm just so upset!Mark: It's not far to college. Come on!Unit 4-Conversation 2Mark: So did you ring the police?Kate: Yes. I went to the police station to report it.Mark: What did they say?Kate: No one's found it. This woman said that Oxford has the fifth highest rate of bike theft in the country!Mark: You're joking!Kate: That's what she said.Mark: What else did she say?Kate: She told me that sometimes you do get bikes back —the thieves use them and then abandon them, apparently, and then people find them and report them.Mark: So you might get it back.Kate: I hope so, Mark, I really do. It's just too much, you know? But ... um ... what else? She told me to go to this sale they have of abandoned bikes. She thinks I might find it there. But it's only every two months, I can't wait till then! Honestly, Mark, I'm really furious!Mark: You can always buy a cheap bike on eBay.Kate: Hello ... Speaking ... You found it! Where was it? Is it ...? Oh, that's fantastic news! There was a lamp and a basket on it ... Right ... OK, thank you, I'll be in tomorrow morning to pick it up. Unbelievable! This guy found it!Mark: Brilliant! Was that the police?Kate: Yes. What they said was, someone dumped it outside this guy's backyard.Mark: That's so strange!Kate: The lamp's been stolen and the basket.Mark: Forget about it! You're lucky to get it back!Unit 4-Outside viewReporter：The trade in endangered animals is booming, as this collection of items seized by border agents shows.Ivory and rhino horn, trophy animals and Chinesemedicines, it's a multimillion pound black-marketindustry. This year, Sky News has filmed withrhinos in South Africa, clearly seeing the damagedone by poachers, and it's thought the number ofrhinos killed there might reach a record high thisyear.Interviewee 1：Poaching levels are at... you know, unprecedented levels now, you know, they've gonethrough the roof. The rhino ... they're anticipating1,000 rhinos to be slaughtered in South Africa, er,this year alone.Reporter：In the past year, UK customs officials have seized2.5 million illegal itoms. That’s ten times more thanthe year before. Included in that, almost 4,000 kilosof illegally imported medicines, 93 endangered liveanimals, and over 300 items made from ivory.Interviewee 2：Here we've got a pair of, er, snakeskin shoes of some sort, look like python.Reporter：The items held in this warehouse have also been smuggled illegally, often in the form of packagessent by courier or parcel post, and intercepted at theUK's ports and airports. Endangered animalsbrought in alive are rehomed across the country.Interviewee 3：There's a huge trade in reptiles, tortoises for example are enormous problems, and turtles, oftenconfiscated. And it's extremely difficult trying tofind homes for these, these, these sorts of animals.Reporter：Many of these items will be passed on for education or research. But the rhino horn will be destroyed,and prevented from ever hitting the black marketagain. Harriet Hadfield, Sky News.Unit 4-Listening inNews reportOver the past few years, the true crime genre has grown in popularity in the US. First, there was the podcast Serial, which revisited the case of Adnan Syed. He was imprisoned for the 1999 murder of his high school classmate and former girlfriend, which he claims he did not commit. Then Netflix came out with the documentary series Making a Murderer.The series follows the real-life story of Steven Avery，a man who was wrongly imprisoned for 18 years for a crime he didn’t commit. But soon after he was released from prison, he was arrested for the murder of a photographer. Again, he claims that he didn’t commit the crime.Some fans are even investigating the crimes and trials themselves. They have gathered and analyzed evidence and shared theories on other possible suspects. Both Serial and文档Making a Murderer have had impacts on the cases involved. Syed was given another chance to present evidence to prove he is innocent after his case became a pop cultural phenomenon, and more than 500,000 people asked for Steven Avery to be freed after the release of Making a Murderer.1.What is the news report mainly about?2.What do the cases in the programs have in common?Passage 1Patrick I read a funny story today in the paper - true story. Steve Go on, then.Patrick OK. This 72-year-old guy stole a pair of trousers from a department store in Paris. A security man saw him and alerted the police and they were waiting for him when he came out of the shop. The shoplifter started running, but the policeman soon caught up with him. The man then bit the policeman on his arm several times.Steve He bit the policeman?Patrick Yes - you have to remember, he was 72.Steve I'd forgotten that.Patrick Problem was, it didn't hurt the policeman at all, 'cause the guy had forgotten to put his false teeth in before he left home.Steve Very funny!Patrick And the moral of the story is -Steve Always remember to wear your false teeth if you're going to bite someone.Patrick That's good. I read a funny crime story the other day. Let's see ... yeah ... this guy... this guy robbed a supermarket somewhere in America -1 can't remember where exactly -anyway, he got away with about 4,000 dollars. The next week the local newspaper reported the story but said he'd stolen 6,000 dollars. The thief rang the newspaper office to complain. He said, "Look, I only took 4,000 dollars. I'm wondering if the supermarket manager took another 2,000 and said I'd taken it. I did not take 6,000, I promise you." Steve He was probably telling the truth.Patrick He probably was. Anyway, the newspaper managed to keep the guy talking while they rang the police. And the police traced the call - the guy was ringing from a phone booth - and they arrested him while he was still talking to the newspaper.Steve That's good. Stupid guy! I've got another true story ... This - this - old guy was in court for some crime - and he fell asleep. His case began and his lawyer stood up and said, "My client pleads not guilty." The man suddenly woke up, but wasn't sure what was happening. He jumped up and shouted, "I plead guilty! I plead guilty!"Patrick So what happened?Steve The judge allowed him to plead not guilty. Patrick That's the best, I think.Passage 2Presenter You're listening to Kevin Fallen and my topic fortoday is street crime. Being mugged is something that can happen to anyone - and it's a very frightening experience. So it's positive when you hear of someone who was attacked by a mugger and defeated them - especially when that person is a woman. Anna Black was attacked by a mugger. She's here to tell us about it. How long ago did this happen, Anna?Anna Just over a week ago. The day it happened,I was coming home from work a bit later than usual -1 think itwas about seven. I was on my mobile phone, talking to my husband.Presenter And it was still daylight?Anna Yes. Anyway, suddenly, someone pulled my hair from behind - and at the same time they grabbed my mobile phone. Now, I'm a karate black belt -Presenter Really!Anna Yes, I practise three times a week - so I'm ready for situations like this.Presenter I bet you are.Anna Yes, I can react very fast. So as soon as this guy grabbed me, I did what you're told to do in these situations.Presenter And what's that?Anna I fell backwards onto him.Presenter You fell backwards onto him!Anna Yeah! I'm tall and quite heavy - so we both fell to the ground together.Presenter Goodness!Anna I er, yeah -1 was ready to hit him but then next thingI knew, two men had seized the guy. They were driving pastand they, they stopped to help. They were big strong guys.They called the police who came in five minutes.Presenter So the mugger was arrested?Anna Yes, he was.Presenter Do you think, if that hadn't happened, you could have injured him?Anna Oh, I'd like to think so. I'm a black belt,that's what I'm trained to do.Presenter Well, it's great to hear of women coping well in situations like this. Perhaps we should all learn karate.Anna I think it's a good idea to have some kind of defence training. Yes, especially if you live in an area that isn't very safe.文档。
Long conversationM: So what do you think? Should Vietnam invest heavily in communications technology?W: Hm?M: Vietnam, the country…W: I know about the country. I learned about it in school, But I don’t have the foggiest notion of what you’re talking about.M: The Vietnamese Government is putting a lot of money into communications technology-you know, the Internet, mobile phone lines and the like,.W: OK, so what’s the problem?M: it’s a really poor country-most people there don’t have much as our family-and many people outside of the country are saying the government should do more to help poor people. I, for one, find the government’s actions unbelievable. So…W: So what?M: So, do you have any ideas? I’d like to know you think.W: I think that the Vietnamese government is independent of outside influence and can do what it likes.M: The question isn’t if it can or can’t do it. The question is what it SHOULD do?W: I don’t know, man. I guess, well, I have a new computer, a mobile phone, the internet, a mess of other technology. And I like these things. The Vietnamese might like them too, and maybe make good use out of them.PassageThe “information highway”, the” information superhighway”, the” interweb”, the”internet”…all of these words have come to identify the same thing-the widespread connection of computers and information from around the world. And as our understanding of this connection has changed, so too have the terms we’ve used to describe it.The information highway was a term used especially in the 1990s to describe the Internet. The official project was dubbed the National Information Infrastructure and went beyond the interconnectivity of just computer; the scope broadened to include all types of data transmission between a plethora of places, people, and devices. It is often associate with the Unit States politician and former vice president. Al Gore, who promoted funding for programs that led to aspects of me development of the Internet. Although its currency was wider than merely Goer-many police organizations made pronouncements about the so-called information highway or the variant information superhighway, both terms are used less frequently now that for many people the Internet has become a less abstract and more concrete thing; the highway analogy, though useful andapt, has perhaps serve its purpose.Task 1W: Have a seat, Mr. Johnson. Now, what’s the problem?M: Well, as I told you on the phone, I’m having a bit of trouble with my landlord. W: Yes! What sort of trouble?M: Well, when I moved in six month ago, he said he was going to fix up tow or three things that needed doing.W: What sort things exactly?M: Well, there was no ventilation in the kitchen and the hot water system wasn’t working properly.W: And he said he’d have them attended to?M: Yes, that’s right. He agreed to have them done. But now six months have gone by and still nothing has bee done.W: Um…so he’s broken his promise.M: Yes, and not only that. Now that lease has run out, he wants to increase the rant by $10 a week!W: Well, he can’t do that without your agreement, you know.M: Yes, I know that, but the trouble is he can evict me if I don’t agree.W: Yes, that’s true, he can. However, eviction is easier said than done.M: You mean it could be difficult for him?W: Yes, he can’t just throw you out the street. He has to give you reasonable notice, usually a month.Task 2People who want to find love on the internet often do so because the want people to know them “for who they really are”, rather than what they look like. These people believe that it is the inside of person that is, the intellect and heart of a person, that should be the deciding factor in love. The outside shouldn’t matter.This belief can be found in the famous story of “Beauty and the Beast”. “Beauty and the Beast”is a German fairy tale about a beautiful and gentle young woman who is taken to live with a man-beast in return for the Best sparing her father’s life when he accidentally insults him. Beauty is kind to the well-mannered Beast, but pines for her family until the Beast allows her to visit them. Once home, Beauty delays her return until she hears that Beast is dying without her. She returns to the Beast and restores him to health. When she agrees to marry the Beast, the evil spell upon him is broken, and he becomes a handsome prince. Beauty and her prince live happily ever after.。
Unit 4, book 2 Beware of ads!II. Listening Skills (omitted)III. Listening InTask 1: The Influence of AdvertisingRichard: Dad, I need a pair of new shoes for an important basketball game. My old ones look kind of funny.Father: Funny! We just bought those last spring. There’s a lot of life left in them. Richard: But look at this ad with Yao Ming. He says these shoes give him extra spring.Father: Yao Ming is so tall that he doesn’t need extra spring. Anyway, he makes more money than I do. And they probably give him millions of dollars to wearthose shoes.Richard: But if you bought me the shoes, I’d wear them for nothing. And I’d have that extra spring.Father: Do you think Yao Ming reached the top just because of the shoes he wears? Or was it something else?Richard: You mean like hard work, dedication, that sort of thing?Father: Exactly. Just focus on your studies and forget the shoes.Task 2: I’ll get a camera.One day just before closing time, John rushed into a TV store to buy a color TV set with the money he had saved for three months. The friendly shop assistant was waiting for the day’s last and 100th customer to reach his sales target for his bonus, so he warmly greeted John and showed him the various models on display. He asked John to see how sharp and colorful the image on the screen was. At that moment, a new commercial came onto the screen, introducing a popular brand of camera as well as some beautiful pictures it had taken. The camera and the pictures attracted John. He suddenly changed his mind and told the shop assistant: “Thank you for the TV commercial. Now I have to hurry to the camera store to get that camera.”Task 3: Don’t even think about it!“Don’t even think about it!” is a phrase commonly used in the United States when a person emphatically denies or refuses something.In 1995, Shaquille O’Neal, a popular basketball player, made a Pepsi commercial in which this phrase was used. The commercial begins with Shaq playing basketball, and a little kid is watching him. Then the boy cries out the name of this basketball star. Shaq turns to see the kid with a Pepsi in his hand. He walks over to the boy and says, “Hey, can I have it?”He bends over, supposing that his admirer will give him the Pepsi. But then the kid says, “Don’t even think about it!” This commercial was rather popular, and it had been shown on TV for about three years. The commercial seems tohave a more dramatic effect than that produced by the Coca-Cola company in the 1970s. In the Coke ad a young boy meets football star “Mean”Joe Green as he is leaving the field after a game. The boy gives his hero a bottle of Coke, and in exchange for the drink, the football player throws his towel to the boy, who excitedly catches the souvenir.The phrase “Don’t even think about it!” is used on many other occasions. Visitors to New York City are often amused to see a road sign with these words: “Don’t even think about parking here.”This road sign means that people are strictly prohibited from parking there.IV. Speaking OutModel 1 Who pays?Sample DialogA: Look, “Make yourself heard!” The Ericsson’s TV commercial is so cool.B: I think the Nokia’s commercial is just as fascinating: “Connecting People.”A: I’m afraid consumers will have to pay for the advertising.B: I hear that the advertisements create a favorable image of a product, and that leads to consumer brand loyalty.A: Could you explain “consumer brand loyalty?”B: I mean consumers identify with (认同) the product and keep buying it. Sometimes they’re even willing to pay more.A: It is contradictory that increased sales lead to a lower production cost per unit, but more advertising results in greater costs for consumers. The winner is always the company.B: I agree.Model 2 Beware of ads!Sample DialogA: Shall we switch to another channel? I don’t like those TV commercials.B: Why do you think so? Look: Just do it! What a powerful product.A: I doubt it.B: Now, look at this L’Oreal commercial. The model’s skin is so smooth.A: This is what they want you to believe: use the product and you will get the same skin.B: You mean they are lying about the product? I don’t really think so.A: Advertisers now appeal to emotions, not reason. They want you to like their product.B: Well, I don’t really agree with you, but we can switch to another channel.Model 3 Are the free magazines free?Sample DialogA: What’s that brochure you’re reading?B: It’s a giveaway brochure you can easily find here and there. It’s got some pretty interesting things in it.A: Do you really think so? It’s not really free. Look at all the ads in it.B: Could be, but I don’t have to pay for it.A: You bet you do. The cost of the ads is included in the products.B: Still, I think advertising tells me about new products. It helps me in choosing what to buy.A: This is just what the advertisers want you to do.B: But some commercials are really fascinating. Besides, you don’t have to believe all the ads.A: Well, let’s go swimming.V. Let’s TalkA Job Ad for a Friendly EmployeeA firm advertising for a “friendly” employee has been asked to change its wording because it discriminates against unfriendly people.Travelco, a travel agency, put in a request for a “friendly employee” to provide food for its staff. But the Job Center in Bristol told managing director Harry Smith that he would have to remove the word “friendly”before the advertisement could be accepted.Mr. Smith said he could not believe the decision and thought it was “ridiculous”. He said: “We were told we could not use that particular word because it was discriminatory against people who looked unfriendly. We thought it was ridiculous. It’s only too natural for us to specify what kind of people we want.” He added, “The people at the center have since said they thought they had been a little over the top.”The center had made it a rule that certain words were not allowed in ads and the words “motivated” and “enthusiastic” had been banned in the past.An official of the center said: “we do have guidelines of not using personality characteristics in advertisements to ensure that there is no discrimination in the process.”She added”“We should leave the dispute to the local judges. They’ll make the final decision. It’s possible that a member of our staff has been over-enthusiastic in cutting out words in ads.”VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask 1: Banning Cigarette AdsNancy: Hey, Robert, what do you think about cigarette ads?Robert: They’re disgusting. Many countries have banned tobacco ads completely. Nancy: I heard in the States advertisers are not allowed to show young peoplesmoking cigarettes, neither are ads targeted at youth allowed.Robert: But advertisers keep finding ways around the law. Some years ago one cigarette ad showed a deer smoking, but it was dressed in a universitysweater. Obviously the ad is trying to attract young people.Nancy: In order to increase sales, they have to make smoking appealing to young people. Make them think it’s cool.Robert: Right. Cigarette manufacturers need to keep bringing in new customers. The old ones are dying of lung cancer.Nancy: good point. Our Student Union should do some publicity against smoking on campus.Robert: I couldn’t agree more.Task 2: A Radio CommercialAre you looking for appliances or furniture to give new life to your home?Look no further! Here at Frontier Furniture, we have everything you need to give your home a new look and feel. Stereos, video machines, refrigerators, dining tables, washers and dryers. You name it; we have it! Low on cash? We have an easy rent-to-own plan that will put you on your favorite sofa tonight. Big color TVs cost only two hundred and twenty-five dollars; digital pianos starting at three ninety-nine ($399); king size beds from two hundred and fifty dollars. Free delivery on all major appliances.So come on down to Frontier Furniture. Located down-town two blocks east of city hall, across from Union Square. We’re open daily from 10:00 AM to 9:30 PM. So, come on in, and let us make your dream home a reality.Task 3: An Introduction to AdvertisingAdvertising has become increasingly specialized in modern times. In today’s business world, supply usually outnumbers demand. There is great competition among different manufacturers of the same kind of product to attract customers to their product. They always have to remind the consumer of the name and the qualities of their product. They do this by advertising. The manufacturers advertise in the newspapers and on poster. They sometimes pay for songs about their product in commercial radio programs. They employ attractive salesgirls to distribute samples. They organize competitions, with prizes for the winners. They often advertise on the screens of local cinemas, most important of all, in countries that have television, they have advertisements put into programs that will accept them. Manufacturers often spend large sums of money on advertisements. Sometimes they even spend more on ads than on the products themselves. We buy a particular product because we think it is the best. We usually think so because of the advertisements that say so. Some people never pause to ask themselves if the advertisements are telling the truth.。
Unit 4T ask 1【答案】1) He stood up and rang the bell.2) He wanted to make sure that the driver heard him.3) The conductor came and shouted at him.4) The landlady told him that’s the signal for the driver to go on and only the conductor was allowed to ring the bell twice. That’s why the conductor got so annoyed.【原文】A strange thing happened to Henri yesterday. He was on a bus and wanted to get off. So he stood up and rang the bell. To make sure the driver heard him he rang it twice, but the bus didn’t stop, and the conductor came and shouted at him.The conductor was so annoyed, and spoke so fast, that Henri didn’t understand a word. The bus stopped at the next bus stop and Henri got off. As he got off he heard someone say, “I think he’s a foreigner.”When Henri got home, he told his landlady about the incident.“How many times did you ring the bell?” she asked.“Twice,” said Henri.“Well, that’s the signal for the driver to go on,” his landlady explained. “Only the conductor is allowed to ring the bell twi ce. That’s why he got so annoyed.”Henri nodded. “I see,” he said.T ask 2【答案】1) T, 2) F, 3) F, 4) F, 5) T, 6) T【原文】The Taylor family, who live in North London, are planning to spend a day in Norwich. They can’t agree how to get there.Mr. Taylor: I don’t want to drive all that way. Let’s go by train.Mrs. Taylor: But that’s so expensive. It’s much cheaper for a family to go by car.Peter: Why not try the coach? It’ll be cheaper than the train, and Daddy won’t have to drive.Alison: But I’ll be sick! I hate traveling by coach.Mrs. Taylor: Which is the quickest way to get there?Mr. Taylor: Well, it’ll take at least three hours by car.Peter: No, it won’t. Not if we take the motorway out of London.Alison: I’m sure there’s a fast train service.Mrs. Taylor: But we’ll have to get to Liverpool Street first. And then there’s the tube fares at this end, and bus or taxi fares at the other.Alison: And the coach station is at Victoria, so that’s an extra journey too.Mr. Taylor: I think there are som e special family rail fares. Perhaps that’ll be the cheapes t way.Peter: But it won’t be the most convenient.Mrs. Taylor: Why don’t we check all the facts and then decide?Peter: OK.T ask 3【答案】A.of, without, of,for, to, by, to, to, intofrom, withon, in, around, aboutB.1) school buses are used only when children live more than a mile from the school. When their children are too young to walk that far, their mothers take turns driving them to school.2) they can save gasoline and it is easier for them to find parking places3) too many cars are on the road and have created many problems【原文】The United States is full of automobiles. There are still many families without cars, but some families have two or even more. However, cars are used for more than pleasure. They are a necessary part of life.Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies.Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile from the school. When the children are too young to walk that far, their mothers take turns driving them to school. One mother drives on Mondays, taking her own children and the neighbors’ children as well. Another mother drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesdays and so on. This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work.More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer automobiles on the road and use less gasoline. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around cities. Too many cars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.T ask 4【答案】1) T, 2) F, 3) T, 4) F【原文】Mr. Fine: Can anyone in the class explain some differences between a zip code and an area code?Mary: Both of them are numbers.Mr. Fine: That’s how they are alike. But how are they different?Mary: A zip code is for mailing letters. An area code is for making phone calls,Mr. Fine: What kind of phone calls?Mary: Long distance calls.Mr. Fine: All right. And what is a zip code?Mary: When I write a letter to my friends in New Y ork City, I write 10027 on the envelope.That’s their zip code. I have some other friends i n New Y ork City, but their zip code is10003.Mr. Fine: In a big city there are different zip codes for different parts of the city. What about area codes?Mary: Sometimes a whole small city has the same area code.Mr. Fine: That’s right. And sometimes a whole state has the same area code if it doesn’t have many telephones. For example, the area code for the whole state of Arizona is 802.Mary: But New Y ork State has millions of telephones, so it has more than one area code.T ask 5【答案】A.1) c, 2) b, 3) a, 4) c, 5) a, 6) c, 7) b, 8) cB.1) would have got up on time2) would have woken up James3) would have been on the plane that crashed4) would have lost his life in the crash【原文】James wrote a play for television about an immigrant family who came to England from Pakistan, and the problems they had settled down in England. The play was surprisingly successful, and it was bought by an American TV company.James was invited to go to New Y ork to help with the production. He lived in Dulwich, which is an hour’s journey away from Heathrow. The flight was due to leave at 8:30 am, so he had to be at the airport about 7:30 in the morning. He ordered a mini-cab for 6:30, set his alarm for 5:45, and went to sleep. Unfortunately he forgot to wind the clock, and it stopped shortly after midnight. Also the driver of the mini-cab had to work very late that night and overslept.James woke with that awful feeling that something was wrong. He looked at his alarm clock. It stood there silently, with the hands pointing to 12:10. He turned on the radio and discovered that it was, in fact, ten to nine. He swore quietly and switched on the electric kettle.He was just pouring the boiling water into the teapot when the nine o’clock pips sounded on the radio. The announcer began to read the news, “... reports are coming in of a crash near Heathrow Airport. A Boeing 707 bound for New Y ork crashed shortly after taking off this morning. Flight number 2234...” James turned pale.“My flight,” he said out loud. “If I hadn’t overslept, I’d have been on that plane”.T ask 6【答案】A.1) 1964, the United States2) safety belts3) 404) about 155) 24B.1) They do not smoke while driving.2) They have had more education than non-users.3) They know someone who was injured (but not killed) in an automobile accident.C.the importance of using seat belts in driving【原文】According to the American Automobile Association, since 1964 all cars sold in the United States have been equipped with seat belts. (These are also called safety belts.) Many studies of automobile accidents have shown that safety belts can save lives. One study showed that 40 percent of those killed in auto accidents could have been saved if they had been wearing seat belts.Unfortunately belts are worn only by a small percentage of drivers and passengers — about 15 percent in cities, and only 9 percent in small towns. And safety belts cannot protect people who do not wear them.In order to find out what kinds of people do wear seat belts a study was made in seven cities in the United States. The following facts were learned about those who use their safety belt:1. They do not smoke while driving.2. They have had more education than non-users.3. They know someone who was injured (but not killed) in an automobile accident.Advertisements based on these facts have been printed in newspapers and magazines in order to teach people the importance of using seat belts. But these advertisements have not helped much. Some people believe there should be a law requiring drivers and passengers to use safety belts. In Australia, where there is such a law, deaths in auto accidents have decreased 24 percent.T ask 7【答案】A.1) Miss Brown.2) Mr. Phillips was Miss Brown’s boss.3) He sounded very angry.4) He had been in a traffic jam for more than an hour.B.1) congested2) alternative routes3) South Circular Road4) broken down5) blown down, in useC.1)T, 2)F, 3)F, 4)F, 5)TD.1) He left home at the usual time and decided to use a new route.2) The traffic lights were out of order because of the storms last night.3) After that there was a breakdown.4) He ran out of petrol.5) He was in traffic jams for three hours.【原文】PartⅠ(Telephone ringing constantly. Sound of key turning in lock, door opening.)Miss Brown: (answering telephone) Good morning. Blue Star Travel Agency. Can I help you? Mr. Phillips: Is that you, Miss Brown? I’ve been ringing the office for 10 minutes. Where have you been?Miss Brown: Sorry, Mr. Phillips. I’ve just arrived. The traffic was terrible this morning.Mr. Phillips: The traffic is still terrible. I’ve been in a traffic jam for more than an hour. Look after the office until I get there. It may take a long time.Miss Brown: certainly, Mr. Phillips. Good luck.(Sound of hanging up.)(to herself) Thank goodness the boss is late too! The first thing I’m going to do istake my coat off. Then I’m going to sit down and have a cup of coffee. I think I’llswitch the radio on too.PartⅡ(Radio being switched on.)Radio: Here is a message for all motorists. Most major roads leading in and out of London are congested. Motorists should use alternative routes wherever possible. The time isnow 9:30. Here is the local traffic news.Announcer: Heavy rain during the night has flooded parts of the South Circular Road. An articulated lorry has broken down on the M1. Traffic is now only 2 lane and movingvery slowly. Strong winds during the night have blown down a number of trees on theM6 and many sections are not in use. That is the end of the local traffic news. Formore news listen again at 10 o’clock.(Sound of radio being switched off and door opening.)Betty: (breathless) Hello, Carol. Sorry, bu t I couldn’t get here earlier.Miss Brown: Never mind, Betty. Have a cup of coffee and relax.Part III(Door open and slammed. Background of typing.)Miss Brown: Oh, it’s you Mr. Phillips. We’ve been worried about you. Are you all right? Would you like a cup of coffee?Mr. Phillips: I’m going straight to my office. Are my letters waiting for me? Y es, I would. And some biscuits.(Door slams.)Miss White: Phew. What’s the matter with him? Why is he in such a bad mood?Miss Brown: Let’s make a cup of coffee for him and find out. If you make the coffee, I’ll sp eak to Mr. Phillips.(Polite knock at door, door opening.)Miss Brown: We’re making some coffee Mr. Phillips. Would you like to have it with us? Y ou could tell us about your awful journey.(Background sound of cups.)Miss White: Was the traffic bad, Mr. Phillips?Mr. Phillips: Was the traffic bad? We were in traffic jams for three hours. I left home at the usual time and decided to use a new route. For the first time, I used the M4. Never again.That was because of the storms last night. Then the traffic lights were out of order.After that there was a breakdown and.., finally, I ran out of petrol.(Giggles from Miss W. and Miss B. Footsteps. Door slams.)T ask 8【答案】1) b, 2) a, 3) cB.a) It was chosen because the cost of energy is not so great as with a bus system.b) It was chosen because it is much easier to carry a greater number of passengers by train than by bus or car.c) It was chosen because the noise and pollution are not so great as with buses and cars.C.1) 12.5, above and below2) Germany, Canada3) Calgary4) 245) only one man6) separate7) 30 seconds8) open the doors themselves.9) automatic ticket machines (placed) on the platforms, zipcards10) get a $25 fine【原文】Calgary is an oil town. It is home for more than half a million Canadians, and this population may well be much closer to three quarters of a million or more by the end of the century. Downtown Calgary is famous: the tall office buildings in the center of the city were in the “Superman” mov ies. But Calgary is also the home of a very modern transport system, and the Light Rail Transit (LRT) is part of it.The rail system was chosen because the cost of energy is not so great as with a bus system, because it is much easier to carry a greater number of passengers by train than by bus or car, and because the noise and pollution is not so great as with buses and cars.But what is the LRT? It is a 12.5-kilometre route, above and below ground. The light train cars are made in Germany and Canada. In Germany they are made by Siemens in Dusseldorf, and then taken to Canada where final assembly is done in Calgary. Each car is just over 24 metres long, and each train is operated by only one man — the driver. The driver is in a separate cabin, and he can’t talk to passengers.The trains stop for about 30 seconds at each station, and passengers who want to get in or out must open the doors themselves.Automatic ticket machines are placed on the platforms. Passengers can buy a ticket from these, or they can buy special monthly tickets called zipcards. However, if passengers are caught without a ticket they may get a $25 fine.T ask 9【答案】A.1) deaths and people injured2) drivers, pedestrians, and road conditions3) may cause drivers and pedestrians endanger lives through no fault of their own4) too many road signs, faulty traffic lights, sudden narrowing of a street, and congested parkinga) drive too fast and without any consideration for othersb) think they are safe at the wheel even though they have drunk too much alcoholc) out of some curious sense of power, are incapable of understanding that their car is a lethalweapon if improperly used6)a) step off the pavement without first looking to the left or rightb) cross roads when the traffic lights are against themc) jump off a moving busB.Pedestrians, drivers and road conditions are all to blame for road accidents.【原文】There are far too many road accidents in this country: too many deaths and too many people injured. One wonders who are most to blame: drivers or pedestrians. Some people say that the blame cannot be put fairly without considering the state of the roads and the whole transport system. In crowded cities like London, Birmingham or Manchester, road conditions are so chaotic that both driver and pedestrian often endanger lives through no fault of their own. Such deficiencies as too many road signs, faulty traffic lights, sudden narrowing of a street, congested parking are all a sure indication of bad road conditions.On the other hand, many experts are convinced that the larger part of the blame for the death toll must be put on persons and persons alone: drivers who drive too fast and without any consideration for others, drivers who think they are safe at the wheel even though they have drunk too much alcohol, drivers who, out of some curious sense of power, are incapable of understanding that their car is a lethal weapon if improperly used. Pedestrians, likewise, must share the guilt: stepping off the pavement without first looking to the left or right, crossing roads when the traffic lights are against them, jumping off a moving bus. To be fair, pedestrians, drivers and road conditions are all to blame.One looks forward to the day when the motor car has been replaced by some less dangerous means of transport.T ask 10【答案】A.1) 11, 2) Over 400, 3) Over 4,000, 4) $ 400, 5) 60 daysB.1) Most people are going to die from accidents caused by drunk drivers.2) Joe’s sister is worried because it’s getting late and he is drunk.3) The green Ford that Joe is driving is weaving from left to right.4) When Officer Williams asks Joe to walk along the white line, he can’t do it. Joe also fails the breath test.5) He’s going to appear in court next week. He is going to receive a $400 fine. The judge is also going to suspend his license for sixty days.C.enjoying, family party, leave, stay, wait, drives, fine, slowly, had, drinks【原文】It’s a holiday weekend. The police officers were sitting in a hot room receiving instructions from their captain. One of these officers was Ed Williams. He and ten other officers were on special duty. This weekend alone, over 400 people are going to die from accidents caused by drunk drivers. Over 4,000 people are going to receive serious injuries, all caused by drunk drivers. The officers are going to try to prevent these accidents before they happen．Meanwhile, Joe Forest is enjoying himself at a family party. It’s getting late and he’s telling his sister that he’s going to leave. She’s asking him to stay and wait a few hours before he drives. “Don’t worry. I’m going to be fine. I’m going to drive slowly. I only had a few drinks.”Officer Williams is at a toll booth, watching cars enter the area. A green Ford is approaching, weaving from left to right. Officer Williams stops the car and tells Joe to get out. He asks Joe to walk along the white line. Joe can’t do it. Joe also fails the breath test. Officer Williams is telling Joe that he’s going to issue him a summons. And he can’t drive his car home. Joe calls his sister. She’s going to come and drive him home.This was Joe’s first offense. He’s going to appear in court next week. He is going to receive a $400 fine. The judge is also going to suspend his license for 60 days. This first time, other drivers were lucky. Joe didn’t kill them. But what about the future, is Joe going to stop drinking and driving?T ask 11【答案】If you are a daily Transit rider, carry a zipcard. It’s quick, convenient and gives you unlimited rides on any regular Calgary Transit service. The zipcard saves you money too! Pay the adult fare of 90c, twice a day for 22 working days each month, adds up to $39.60. But a zipcard costs just $31 a month. It also saves you the extra 10c on all express buses. Buy a zipcard and take advantage of the best way to ride.。
Unit 4Task 1:【答案】A.1) Temple，Cemetery，Kong Family Mansion.2) the centre of3) 33 metres，glazed tiles，stone columns4) a statue of Confucius，the life story of ConfuciusB.1) F2) F3) F【原文】Qufu is the hometown of Confucius (551BC—479BC), a great thinker, statesman and educator in China's history, and founder of the Confucian school of philosophy, which has had a great influence on Chinese society and on the way Chinese people think. The place abounds in cultural relics, of which the most famous are the Confucian Temple and Cemetery of Confucian and the Kong Family Mansion.The Confucian Temple, standing in the centre of Qufu City, was first built in 478 BC. Repeated renovations and expansions have turned the temple into a palatial complex with 9 rows of buildings. Today there are 466 halls, pavilions and rooms intact, coveting a total area of 21.8 hectares. The Great Accomplishment Hall, the major structure of the temple, is 33 metres tall and is roofed with yellow glazed tiles. In front of the Hall stand 10 stone columns carved with dragons. The Hall houses a statue of Confucius and a stone inscription of Ming Dynasty, which tells the life story of Confucius in 120 pictures.The Confucian Cemetery, occupying more than 200 hectares, has served as the graveyard of Confucius and his descendants for more than 2,300 years.The Kong Family Mansion, standing tight next to the Confucian Temple, was the living quarters of Confucius' descendants. The Family Mansion now houses a large number of documents, files and antiques.The Temple and Cemetery of Confucian and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu were put on the list of world cultural heritage sites in 1994.Task 2:【答案】A.1) The kings of ancient Egypt wanted to keep their bodies safe after death and to hold their treasures.2) It is located on the west bank of the Nile, not far from Cairo.3) The ancient Egyptians compared the setting of the sun to the end of life and this is why all the pyramids are on the west bank.4) They were taken across the river in boats at flood time.5) The limestone, which used to make the pyramid smooth, is gone. So people can climb the hugestones like steps to the top.6) The Libyan Desert.B.Number of blocks of stone: 2,300,000.Average weight of the blocks: 2.5 tons.Number of slaves on the project: 100,000.Number of years taken: 20.The height of the pyramid: over 450 feet.Area covered: 13 acres.Length of each side: 755 feet.【原文】The kings of ancient Egypt planned strong tombs to keep their bodies safe after death and to hold their treasures. Over these tombs huge stone pyramids were built. There are over 80 known pyramids in Egypt, but the Great Pyramid is the largest of all.The Great Pyramid was built thousands of years ago for a king called Khufu. It stands on the west bank of the Nile River not far from Cairo.In fact all the pyramids along the Nile are on its west bank. The ancient Egyptians compared the rising of the sun to the beginning of life and the setting of the sun to the end of life. This is why their dead bodies were buried on the west bank of the Nile.It’s very hard to imagine just how big the Great Pyramid is. It has over 2,300,000 blocks of solid stone. Theses huge stone blocks weigh an average of two and a half tons each, as heavy as a big car. Some even weigh 15 tons. Without machinery, the ancient Egyptians cut and moved and lifted each of these stones. Many of the blocks came from the east bank of the Nile, and they were taken across the fiver in boats at flood time. It took more than 100,000 slaves 20 years to build the Great Pyramid.The Great Pyramid is over 450 feet high today, and it was once higher. Its base covers 13 acres. Each of the sides of the pyramid is 755 feet long. It takes about 20 minutes to walk all the way around the pyramid.Every king wanted his tomb to be the best. But Khufu outdid them all. The surface of his pyramid used to shine with smooth white limestone, and its top came to a sharp point. Inside, the body of Khufu rested in a great stone coffin. His body was preserved to last forever, and many treasures were buried with him.After many years, the shining surface was worn away, and men took some of the huge stone blocks to build other things: Thieves stole the treasures, and the body of Khufu was stolen, too.Today, the sides of the Great Pyramid are no longer smooth and white. The limestone is gone. The huge stones are exposed and you can climb them, like steps, to the top. When you have reached the top, you can see for miles about you. You can see the smaller pyramids and the Sphinx, the great stone statue of the lion with a human head. To the west you can see the Libyan Desert, and to the east you can see the green Nile Valley and the modern city of Cairo.Task 3:【答案】A.1) the joy of the family or the unity of the whole empire2) the thriving children3) the rank of an officialB.1) F2) F3) T4) F5) T【原文】In China, people can often see a pair of stone lions, a male and a female, in front of the gates of traditional buildings. The male is on the left with his right front paw resting on a ball, and the female on the right with her left front paw fondling their cub.The lion is a very special animal to Chinese people. Traditionally, he is regarded as the king of the animal world, the animal that represents power and prestige. The ball the male lion is playing with probably symbolizes the joy of family or the unity of the whole empire, and the cub the female is fondling, the thriving children.Traditionally, however, the stone lions were only to be found in front of the gates of mansions of powerful officials. In fact, the rank of the officials was indicated by the number of curls on the lion's head. The lion for the highest rank had 13 curls, and the number decreased by one as the rank went down until it reached the 7th rank, because below that no one was allowed to have stone lions guard their house at all.It is interesting to note that lions were not native to China. It is said that the first lion was brought into the country as a girl from the King of Parthia to the Chinese Emperor of the Eastern Han who reigned the country at around 87 AD. The next year, another lion was given by a country from Central Asia. But it was probably the introduction of Buddhism to China during this period that got sculptors interested in, making stone lions, because according to the legend, when Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism, was born, he was seen to "point to Heaven with one hand and to Earth with the other, mating like a lion." In the Buddhist faith, therefore, the lion is considered divine. It is a noble creature sent by the Buddha to protect the Truth and keep off evils.Stone lions have also been used to decorate bridges for the same reason. The best known is the Lugouqiao (also known as Marco Polo Bridge). Built from 1189 to 1192, the lion stones sculpted on the posts of the bridge have stood on guard for more than 800 years. One funny thing about the stone lions on the bridge is people often 'disagree on the exact number. It is said that there are 485 in all, but there may be 498 or 501. No wonder people often say "as many as the stone lions on the Lugouqiao". You cannot count them.Task 4:【答案】A.1) It's "Liberty Enlightening the World".2) It stands on Liberty Island in Upper New York Bay.B.Material: mostly copper.Original color: reddish-brown.Color now: green.In her right hand: a torch.In her left hand: a tablet.On her head: a crown.At her feet: a broken chain.C.1) a2) b3) b4) b5) a6) c【原文】Americans like to say the Statue of Liberty is in good condition for a woman of her age. She is more than one-hundred-years old. France gave the statue to the United States inEighteen-Eighty-Four.For more than thirty years the statue welcomed millions of foreign people arriving by ship to live in the United States. Today more than two-million people visit the statue every year. The Statue of Liberty has become a representation of freedom.The full name of the statue is "Liberty Enlightening the World." It stands on Liberty Island in Upper New York Bay, about two-and-one-half kilometers from Manhattan Island. It was built in the nineteenth century. But it still remains the tallest metal statue in the world.The Statue of Liberty is mostly made of copper. Once it was a reddish-brown color. But time and weather have turned it green. The statue wears a loose robe. She raises her right arm high in the air. Her right hand holds a torch -- a golden light. Her left hand holds a tablet. It shows the date of the American Declaration of Independence – July Fourth, Seventeen-Seventy-Six. The statue wears a crown on her head. The crown has seven points. Each of these rays represents the light of freedom. This light shines on seven seas and seven continents. A chain representing oppression lies broken at her feet.Twelve-million immigrants from other countries passed the statue by ship between Eighteen-Ninety-Two and Nineteen Twenty-Four. Then they were taken to the immigration centeron nearby Ellis Island. There they went through the processes necessary to live in the United States.Many immigrants thought of the statue as a welcoming mother for refugees. Emma Lazarus expressed this idea in a poem in Eighteen-Eighty-Three. She called her poem "The New Colossus." She wrote:"Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall standA mighty woman with a torch, whose flameIs the imprisoned lightning, and her nameMother of Exiles. "The people of France gave the Statue of Liberty to the United States in Eighteen-Eighty-Four. Their gift honored freedom. It also marked the friendship between the two nations. This friendship had developed during America's revolution against Britain. France helped the revolutionary armies defeat the soldiers of King George the Third. The war officially ended inSeventeen-Eighty-Three. A few years later, the French rebelled against their own king.A French historian and politician named Edouard-Rene Lefebvre de Laboulaye started the idea for a statue. Mister Laboulaye was giving a party in his home near Versailles inEighteen-Sixty-Five. This was the year the American Civil War ended. Slavery also ended in the United States. It was a time when Mister Laboulaye and others were struggling to make their own country democratic. France was suffering under the rule of Napoleon the Third.Mr. Laboulaye suggested that the French and Americans build a monument together to celebrate freedom. One of the guests at the party was a young sculptor, Frederic Auguste Bartholdi. For years Mister Bartholdi had dreamed of creating a very large statue. By the end of the party he had been invited to create a statue of freedom for the United States. Mr. Bartholdi had never designed anything taller than four meters. But he planned this statue as the largest since ancient times. Its face would be the face of his mother, Auguste-Charlotte Bartholdi.In Eighteen-Seventy-Five the French established an organization to raise money for Mister Bartholdi's creation.Two years later the Americans established a group to help pay for the pedestal. This structure would support the statue. American architect Richard Morris Hunt was chosen to design the pedestal. It would stand forty-seven meters high inside the walls of a fort. The fort had been built in the early Eighteen-Hundreds. It was designed in the shape of a star.In France, Mister Bartholdi designed a small version of his statue. Then he built a series of larger copies.Workers created wood forms covered with plaster for each main part. Then they placed three-hundred pieces of copper on the forms. The copper "skin" was less than three centimeters thick.France had hoped to give the statue to the United States on July Fourth,Eighteen-Seventy-Six. That was the one-hundredth anniversary of the signing of America's Declaration of Independence. But technical problems and lack of money delayed the project by eight years.At last France presented the statue to the United States. The celebration took place in Paris on July Fourth, Eighteen-Eighty-Four. Americans started building the pedestal that same year. But they had to stop. People had not given enough money to finish the structure.A New York newspaper urged Americans to give more money for the pedestal. People reacted by givingone-hundred-thousand dollars.Now the huge statue had a pedestal to stand on. In France, the statue was taken apart for shipping to the United States. It was shipped in two-hundred-fourteen wooden boxes.On October Twenty-Eighth, Eighteen-Eighty-Six, President Grover Cleveland officially accepted Liberty Enlightening the World. He said: "We will not forget that Liberty has here made her home." Mister Bartholdi and representatives of the French government attended the ceremony. People paraded through the streets of New York. Boats filled the harbor.Over the years Americans shortened the name of the statue. They called it the Statue of Liberty, or Miss Liberty. The statue continued to welcome many immigrants arriving by ship until Nineteen-Twenty-Four. That is when Ellis Island stopped much of its operation. The great wave of immigration to the United States was mostly over.But millions of visitors kept coming to see the Statue of Liberty. By the Nineteen-Eighties, the statue badly needed repairs. Again people on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean cooperated to raise money. Automobile manufacturer Lee Iacocca led the campaign in the United States. Big companies gave money for the repairs. So did school children. Fireworks lit the sky at the celebration for the restored Statue of Liberty on July Fourth, Nineteen-Eighty-Six.Thousands of people still visit the Statue of Liberty every day. They reach the statue by boat. Many people climb the three-hundred-fifty-four steps to the crown. Or they ride up to observation areas in an elevator. Or they study the story of the statue in a museum in the monument.Task 5:【答案】A.1) Their guidelines were too general/unspecific on how to safeguard those artifacts.2) She thinks that a country is entitled to keep its heritage and with the ownership goes the responsibility to protect it.3) He was afraid of being accused of selling away the artifacts for personal gain,4) She suggested having an exhibition abroad.B.I. Reasons local communities should be involved.A. Cultural properties can be appreciated and better protected.B. The government is unable to take care of everything itself.II. Education is the key.A. Lobby aggressively to put heritage subjects into the school curriculum.B. Produce awareness-raising materials.C. Build a good distribution system to get the information out to everyone.【原文】Interviewer: One of the most basic issues affecting cultural heritage preservation is the question of ownership. What does current international law allow for? What are the shortcomingsof current UNESCO conventions in regard to cultural heritage preservation?Dupree: That is a question particularly relevant to Afghanistan. When the massive looting of the Kabul Museum took place, nobody paid much attention, except for the specialists.UNESCO didn't say much of anything. Then the Bamiyan Buddhas were blown up,and immediately UNESCO came out with guidelines. However, theirguidelines—which concerned safe havens for artifacts when the environmentsurrounding them was threatening—were so unspecific. They spoke aboutsafeguarding any Afghan artifacts anywhere in the world. Which is fine, but how?They didn't say. So UNESCO was criticized. The whole question of who owns thenational heritage of a country, and who is responsible for it, is very difficult. Ipersonally talked to Commander Ahmed Shah Massoud who was unfortunately laterassassinated. I said, “Look, the museum collections are in danger. Is there any chanceyou would consider sending them out of the country to be held in some safe haven?"And he said, “Personally I think it would be a good idea to put them in some safehaven, but politically I cannot do this. My opponents would say I am selling away theartifacts for my own personal gain." I think that a country is entitled to keep itsheritage. But, at the same time, in keeping their heritage they have the responsibilityto protect it. This is not always possible.Interviewer: What more do you think could have been done by the international community to safeguard the artifacts in the Kabul Museum?Dupree: Actually, once I was here at the Asia Society, and I asked the director of the galleries, "Would you consider having an exhibition?" That would have been one way to takethem out without the critics being able to say they had been sold for personal benefit.This way, they would not only be on display, but they would be gathering income.Look at what happened with the Tutankhamen exhibit: long, long lines all over theworld. So this could have been one way of doing it. But the leadership in Afghanistankept changing so quickly that even if you came to an agreement with one person, hewould soon be out, and then you'd have to go through it all over again with anotherperson.Interviewer: To many people in the non-Western world, cultural heritage does not imply a collection of artifacts behind glass, but rather objects that are an indiscernible, integralpart of their daily lives. What more do you think can be done at the grassroots level topromote cultural resource protection and involve local people in preserving andmaintaining the objects that inform their lives? What role does education play incultural heritage preservation?Dupree: This is one of my main concerns. Of course, cultural heritage has many components;some are tangible, some are intangible. Problems in the past existed on many levels.For one, the government has always been responsible for repair and maintenance. Thepeople were not involved; so they felt no responsibility for cultural properties aroundthem. Now we see that monuments that are living parts of the community havesuffered less during the war. So I am convinced that we have to involve communities,by forming action committees, so those monuments and other parts of the culture thatthey are living with can be appreciated. Local people often don't see there is anythingunique in some of the things they work with daily. You have to raise their awarenessof this, because for a long, long time the government will not be able to take care ofeverything itself, nor should it. It should be the community acting out of a sense ofresponsibility for their past. As far as education is concerned, it is the key. InAfghanistan, heritage subjects were not included in an appropriate way in the schoolcurriculum. Now there are two generations of young people who have grown upoutside of their own country. They haven't a clue as to what their culture is. Theydon't have a clue of the glorious things in their history. And why should they be heldaccountable for them unless they understand, and understand clearly, that this is partof their past, and it is part of their culture. So the education sector must becomeinvolved, and this includes aggressive lobbying. They're going to revise thecurriculum in Afghanistan, and we must lobby aggressively to see that these issues areput into the entire curriculum. But that doesn't do all that is necessary. You have toproduce reading materials, posters, and other awareness-raising materials. And eventhat is not enough. Unless you have a good distribution system, this will all beconcentrated in the cities. You need to get the information out to everyone, so civilsociety can be intelligently informed about its heritage and how to protect it.Task 6:【答案】A.1) People wanted to build ever more impressive structures, but lacked the technology needed for great buildings.2) They symbolized power and wealth.3) It began in 1173.4) They found that the tower was leaning slightly and began to wait for the tower to settle.5) The soil was too soft to bear the weight.6) It has leant to different directions. Now it leans to the south.B.1) F2) T3) F4) F5) T6) T7) F【原文】In the world of medieval Europe, buildings were thought to represent humankind's greatest stamp upon the universe. Ambitions for ever more impressive structures sometimes soared, often ignoring the technical knowledge needed for human hands to craft masterpieces out of stone and mortar, and imperfect creations resulted from time to time. One such flawed design, however, produced a structure that not only survived the ages but also achieved great fame, becoming a much-celebrated marvel of human fallibility.The town of Pisa, in the west-central part of the Italian peninsula, had been a major trading and maritime center for some 300 years when 12th-century builders began constructing a bell tower in its famous piazza. The freestanding bell tower was to be a worthy accompaniment to the piazza's superb cathedral, which was still not finished after a century of construction. Such bell towers symbolized power and wealth, and various republics seemed to compete with one another to construct ever more grand ones. It was only reasonable then that Pisa, whose economic position and power rivaled that of its northern neighbors, Genoa and Venice, should construct a particularly impressive tower.Conceived in the comparatively elaborate Pisan style, the bell tower would measure 52 feet in diameter at the ground level. The original design called for a relatively tall first level that was to be ornamented by engaged columns and which was to be capable of supporting six additional stories, each embellished with marble arcades. A portal decorated with sculptures of animals and monsters would function as an entranceway to the tower. Inside, 294 steps would lead visitors upward through the successive arcades to an open terrace. Of course, at the very top of the stonetower there would be space devoted to a bell chamber.In 1173, workers began to construct the tower. After they had completed the first three floors —only about a third of the intended 191-feet height—it became obvious to them and to the designers that the tower was leaning slightly. The sad fact was that the soft soil on which it stood simply was not capable of bearing the weight of the structure.The townspeople halted the construction project and began a long wait for the tower to settle. But when 100 years had passed and their patience had grown very thin, people finally had to admit that the tilt had only gotten worse. The Pisans nevertheless decided to resume work on the tower, determined to make the remainder of the building straight, even if such an arrangement would create a curve in the tower above its third story.Work proceeded through the second third of the structure, but by the time it was completed, the builders had made the awful discovery that the tilt had become more noticeable. Again the Pisans brought everything to a halt, pausing for almost a century. Finally, in 1350, the still leaning tower was finished.Its unfortunate feature did not make it unique, however. Other European towers of that era leaned as well. But the angle of Pisa's Leaning Tower became more and more remarkable as it liter-ally began to screw itself into the soft ground, leaning at first to the northwest, then to the north, to the east, and to the south, where it still slants today. Despite its instability, or perhaps because of it, the tower has risen into the ranks of world-class landmarks.Today, the tower is a full 17 feet out of plumb, a situation that puts immense stresses on its lower levels. Workers have been strapping steel cables to the tower's lower part in an effort to keep it from becoming crushed under the strain. Numerous international experts also feel the strain while trying—so far in vain—to find a way that will somehow save the Leaning Tower of Pisa. It is unfortunate that these experts are not able to consult one of the city's favorite sons. The great Renaissance scientist Galileo grew up in Pisa and, in fact, climbed the tower to perform his free-tall gravity experiments. As someone who had wanted to understand gravity, perhaps he would have enjoyed trying to combat the very force that at last may topple Pisa's remarkable Leaning Tower.Task 7:【答案】A.1) a Bronze Age culture was developing2) it was reserved for vesselsB.1) It seems to have developed in about 2,200 BC.2) In the Central Plains of the Yellow River valley.3) They were made to be used in state ritual and ancestor worship.4) For over 1,000 years.5) To represent his land which he had divided into nine provinces.6) They did this to reaffirm their hereditary rights to power and to persuade the ancestors and deities to influence events favorably.7) They were buried either in storage pits or in tombs.C.【原文】From the first simple wine cup — one of the earliest Chinese bronze vessels yet known — to the extraordinary life-sized terracotta figures buried with the First Emperor of Qin, this exhibition features discoveries that have fundamentally changed our knowledge of ancient Chinese history and art.At about the same time that Stonehenge was rising in England and Abraham was framing the principles of Judaism in the Middle East, a Bronze Age culture was developing in China that in many respects was seldom equaled and never surpassed. This development seems to have occurred early in the first half of the second millennium B.C. in the fertile Central Plains of the Yellow River valley.Unlike other cultures, where bronze was first used chiefly for tools and weapons, in China this alloy of copper and tin was reserved for the manufacture of majestic vessels that played central roles in state ritual and ancestor worship for more than 1,000 years, even after the official beginnings of the Iron Age in the fifth century B.C. Representing the wealth and power of the rulers, these ritual utensils show the highest degree of technical and artistic accomplishment in early Chinese civilization.The legend of the founding of China's first dynasty demonstrates the importance of bronze to the ancient Chinese: After King Yu of the Xia brought the primordial floods under control, in about 2200 B.C., he divided his land into nine provinces, and had nine ding (food cauldrons) cast to represent them. When the Xia dynasty fell, the "nine ding," also called the "Auspicious Bronzes of the State," passed to the Shang dynasty, and, in turn, to the Zhou when they conquered the Shang. Possession of bronze vessels thus became a symbol for the holding of power and prestige. Rulers used bronze cauldrons, cups, drinking vessels, and other containers to present offerings of food and wine to royal ancestors and deities. In this way they reaffirmed their hereditary rights to power and attempted to persuade the ancestors to influence events favorably.After the Shang period, ritual vessels became more important as expressions of personal prestige than as vehicles for pious offerings. This is evident from the changing content of bronze inscriptions. Cast into the surface of a vessel, these inscriptions first appeared during the last Shang dynasty as a terse identification of the vessel's owner or of the ancestor to whom it was dedicated. During the Western Zhou period inscriptions became increasingly common and。
T-31-32Roger: Hi, Michelle. How are you doing?Michelle: Hi, Roger.Roger: So, are you ready for the independent life?Michelle: Well, you know how I was really looking forward to getting away from home? Well, now I’m beginning to wonder how I’ll manage m y money and survive on my own. It’s easy when your parents pay all the bills but it’s gonna be different from here on.Roger: Yeah, I know. My rent is $400 a month and that’s in a shared house.Michelle: Mine is the same, but that includes all bills.Roger: Really? Not for me. I have to pay all utilities separately—it’ll be about $50 a month. My parents are going to pay for my tuition this semester—about $500.Michelle: Mine too—I think it costs the same as yours. You know, I think the toughest thing to man age is going to be food. There’s always the temptation to eat fast food, but that is so unhealthy. I am going to try to follow a healthy diet. My mom thinks food will cost about $100 a week. Roger: I want to keep my food expenses down to about $70 a week. I am also going to buy a bike and cycle to college. That way I won’t have any transportation expenses.Michelle: My accommodation is only a five minutes’ walk from thecollege so transport expenses will only be train fares home, which is about $50 a month.Roger: I bought enough clothes for the term, so I don’t really expect to have to spend anything on clothes.Michelle: Same with me. You know, I heard books can be quite expensive. We might have to spend like $300 on textbooks!Roger: That’s a lot! I’m going to try to find some used books. I’d like to keep the cost of books to around $150. And what about recreation? I definitely need to go to the movies like at least once a week. I’m going to budget for about $30 at first.Michelle: Me, too, and then a little more after I find a part-time job. Anyway, I’ve got to hurry now. See you tomorrow.Roger: Yeah. See you, Michelle.T-33Anne: Doing an MBA is definitely expensive. I need to prepare a personal budget. I should plan my expenses so I don’t end up broke i n the middle of the year. First, I’ll calculate my expenses so I can figure out how much I’ll have for the year. It’s a good thing I worked in the summer—the $2,500 I managed to save will definitely be useful along with the $1,000 I have in my savings account. I think I can count on about $250 a month from my part-time job at the library so that gives me another $2,500 for the year. I really don’t want to take any money fromthe family, but they have agreed to cover any medical and dental expenses—hopefully there won’t be any. Then there is the $1,000 from the grant along with payment of the tuition fees, which is a great bonus. I think I’ll go ahead and sell my car. I won’t need it this year and that should get me another $2,000.Anne: Right, now the hard part—expenses. First thing every month is the rent—$400 a month. I’ll have to stay in the shared house because I just can’t afford a place on my own. Books and supplies it seems will cost about $300 in total and I’ll probably need about $350 a month for foo d and household supplies. I’ll definitely have to cut out shopping for new clothes and limit myself to about $50 a month for entertainment and let’s say $40 a month for phone and just $20 for transportation since I can walk to most destinations. So, if my calculations are correct, that gives me $9,000 income and expenses of over $11,000 so I’ll need to borrow to deal with the difference. I’ll go to the bank early next week and request a loan of $3,000. I can defer payment until I graduate. I’d better find a good job after this!T-34Bank employee: Good morning. Can I help you?Chris: Yes. My name is Chris Brown. I have an account here and I’d like to apply for a credit card.Bank employee: Fine. Can you give me your account number and let mecheck your history with us?Chris: Here it is. I’ve had an account here for the last four years.Bank employee: I see. Well, from what I see here, Chris, your credit history is good—just one small loan that was paid back on time. Of course, you know that as a student there are some restrictions on the type of credit card you can have.Chris: Yes, I’m aware of that. But I really need a card for booking airline tickets and things like that.Bank Employee: Okay, well, the first thing to do is fill out this form. Then I have t o give it to the manager for his approval. But that shouldn’t be a problem.Chris: Great. Now, can you explain about the different repayment options that are available?Bank employee: Certainly. You can choose to make a partial payment each month on what you owe on the card, or you can pay the balance in full each month, or you can pay a fixed amount in equal payments at fixed intervals. Personally, I would recommend making a partial payment each month on what you owe.Chris: Fine. But what about the charges and interest rates on the card. I’ve heard that they can be quite high.Bank employee: Our bank charges a fixed annual charge of $40 for using the card. If you don’t pay the minimum amount due within the given timelimit, the interest rate here is 18%. The most important thing is to pay off the minimum amount due on time.Chris: Okay, well let’s set it up so that the minimum amount due is automatically deducted from my checking account.Bank employee: Certainly. So, if you could just fill out this . . .T-35Finance Director: The company’s fixed assets consist of buildings worth 400,000 dollars, various types of equipment with a total value of 50,000 dollars, and motor vehicles that are worth 60,000 dollars. Our current assets include stock worth 7,000 dollars plus 2,000 dollars in cash. We are also owed 5,000 dollars by various debtors. As for current liabilities, we still have an overdraft of 2,500 dollars and we owe 800 dollars to various creditors.T-36Speaker: In the period from February to March, the following price changes were noted:The price of milk went up from a dollar fifty to a dollar sixty a quart while the price of an 18-ounce container of yogurt stayed the same at two dollars and fifty cents.The price of a loaf of bread increased slightly from three dollars to three dollars and five cents.Sugar also went up in price from one dollar a pound to one dollar andfive cents.The price of apples saw a twenty-cent increase. A pound cost two dollars in February and two dollars and ten cents in March.Tea also went up. The price of a box of 100 tea bags went from two dollars twenty to two dollars thirty cents.The only item to go down in price was coffee. An 18-ounce can cost four dollars in February and three dollars and fifty cents in March.T-37Investor: So, what can you tell me about the different options for investing my money?Expert: Well, there are a number of things you can do. Let’s start with stocks and shares. The obvious advantage here is that you can make a lot of money quickly. But on the down side, you can lose all your money, including the principal. It can be risky.Investor: I see. What about a more low-risk investment?Expert: Okay. Well, there are a couple of options here. You can invest in bonds. With bonds, you are guaranteed the return of your money along with promised interest payments. There is no risk. Of course, the disadvantage is that the returns are not very high. The same is true with other fixed interest investments. As with bonds, there are low levels of risk and guaranteed returns on your investment. But the returns are low and, generally, your investment is tied in for a fixed period of time.Investor: What about property? Is that a good thing to invest my money in?Expert: It can be. With property, there is the possibility of high returns. And it is a relatively safe investment as property generally holds its value. And you can borrow against the value of the property. One drawback is that you may have to spend money on the maintenance of the property. Its sale value will depend on its location and on the property market at the time of the sale.Investor: I’ve heard of something called “index futures.” Whatcan you tell me about them?Expert: Ah, yes. Well, here there is the possibility of making large profits if prices move in the direction that you anticipated. Ofcourse, you need to be well informed. Success depends on your ability to predict the direction of demand.T-38Speaker: Hello, everybody. I’m here to give you some information and advice about online trading in stocks, securities, etc. so that you can maximize your profits as an online trader while at the same time protecting yourself.The first essential step is to find out all you can about tradingonline before you begin. Do your homework as you would for any other type of investment that you plan to get involved in.Before you start, do comparative studies of the kinds of service available and when you have found a broker make sure that he or she is trustworthy by carrying out a safety check. This can be done online.You should find out what happens to your order after you have placed it. Bear in mind that you shouldn’t expect instant placement just because you’ve sent the order to your broker. Don’t be impatient. Wait for confirmation that your order has been received or you may find yourself placing the order twice.As for how much you are prepared to invest, well my advice isto set yourself some sort of limit. Be aware that the market price may take you into a range o f prices where you hadn’t intended to go.。
