中考英语专题复习——简单句

2）特殊疑问句
难点链接
特殊疑问句由“疑问代词或疑问副词+一般疑问句” 构成，句子一般用倒装语序，但如果对主语提问时用陈述句的 语序。特殊疑问句不能用yes或no回答，读时用降调。例如： Who is on duty today? How long have you been in Beijing? What time do you get up every morning? What must I do now? 疑问代词：what, who, which, whose, who 疑问副词：when, where, why, how 疑问词组：how soon, how long, how far, how often
宾语
定语 状语
Object
Attribute Adverbial
由形容词、代词、数词、名词、名词所 有格、介词短语、不定式及其短语等担 当
由副词、不定式及其短语、介词短语、 以及状语从句等担当
1、陈述句
难点链接
说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序 是主语在前，谓语在后。陈述句可以分为以下五种句型： ① 主语+不及物动词。如：I arrived at six last night. ② 主语+及物动词+宾语，如：I bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday. ③ 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语，如：Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 这样可加双宾语的句子有buy, tell, give, ask, pass, teach. ④ 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语，如：I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy. ⑤ 主语+系动词+表语，如：Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring.

Eg: I don't think he can pass the exam.
(5)“too…to…”句型本身具有否定的含义。 She is too young to go to school. She is not old enough to go to school. She is so young that he can't go to school.
The teacher asked the students to listen carefully in
S
Vt O
OC
class.
2．陈述句的否定句式 (1)be＋not (2)can/should/must/do/does/did＋not＋do I don't get up at six o'clock this morning.
(3)no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nobody, neither…nor, none 等词构成否定句。 I can hardly believe his story.
(4)think, believe, suppose : Sb don’t/doesn’t think/believe/suppose(否定前移)
---________, so he does badly in his lessons.
A .didn’t he, Yes B. did he, Yes
C. didn’t he, No D. did he, No
（ C ）3．—There’s little meat left in the fridge, ________?
B.How
பைடு நூலகம்

答案： C
（梧州中考）
—______ students are there in your class?
—Fifty.
A. How many
B. How much
C. How long
D. far
解析：考查选择疑问句。how many 意为“多少”，后面修 饰可数名词复数形式；how much意为“多少”，后面修饰 不可数名词；how long意为“多长；多久”，用于询问物体 或时间的长度；how far意为“多远”，用于询问距离。 students 是可数名词复数，故选how many。 答案： A
W___h_y__are you so excited about it? 你为什么对此那么激动?
反意疑问句
反意疑问句由“陈述句+简略疑问句”两部分组成，第一部 分提出一种看法，第二部分用来质疑或表示证实。陈述部 分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致，而且肯 定和否定形式彼此相反，即陈述部分为肯定式时，疑问部 分用否定式；陈述部分为否定式时，疑问部分用肯定式。
We saw e_v_e_r_y__th__in__g i_n__g__o_o_d__o__rd__e_r.我们看到所有的东西都井井有条。 宾语 介词短语作宾补
Our teacher told u__s_t_o__c_o_m___e early tomorrow.我们老师叫我们明天早来。 宾语 不定式作宾补
倒装句
N__e__v_e_r shall I do this again. 我再也不会这样做了。 3. 用于no sooner than, hardly when和not until的句型中。
N__o__t_u_n__t_il__th__e__te__a_c_h_e_r__c_a_m__e_ did he finish his homework. 直到老师来了他才完成作业。

3.(2022宿迁中考)_____ clever girl Kitty is !She can come up with some creative
ways to finish the project.
A.What
B.How a
C.What a
听句子，选图片。
F 1.___________
A 2.___________
A.be
B.is
C.are There be句型
B.How often
C.How soon
2.（2023福建中考）—_____ is from our home to the museum,Dad?
—It’s about two kilometers.
A.How far
B.How often
C.How soon
3.（2023连云港中考）—______ have you been a member of the Youth League?
A.How
B.What
C.What a
引导词
How
结构
How + __形__容___词__/_副__词___ （+主语+
谓语）！
例句
How beautiful it is !
How+形容词+a/an+ What a kind girl(she is)!
可数名词单数（+ 主语+谓语）！
How kind a girl(she is)!
特殊疑问词
疑问代词
what 什么 which 哪一个 who 谁 whom 谁（宾语） whose 谁的
疑问副词
when 什么时候 how 怎样 why 为什么 where 哪里

简单句(Types of Simple Sentences)1．主语+谓语(S+V) (谓语为不及物动词vi.)例：A. Class begins at eight o’clock. B. The sun rises in the east.C. The small boy can’t write.D. They are talking andlaughing happily.常见的不及物动词：listen, look, happen, go, come, arrive, work, stay, rise, talk等。

2．主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) (谓语为及物动词vt.)例：A. I couldn’t see anything.B. We raise our national flag every Monday.C. The small boy can’t write any words.D. They’re listening to the teacher carefully.E. I’ll tell her the news when she returns.注意：有些动词只做及物动词使用：reach, tell, show, hear, raise, teach, put等。

有些动词既做及物动词也可做不及物动词使用：write, know, open等。

不及物动词如要带宾语，须加相应的介词形成动词短语后再接宾语。

listen ( to) .laugh (at).wait (for).look (at),talk (to/with)等。

3．主语+谓语+表语(S+V+P) (谓语为连系动词Link v.)例：A. He was ill last week.(形) B. Keep quiet, please!（形）C. I feel very well today.(形)D. The mooncake tasteslike the pie.(介短)E. LiLei became a soldier.(名)F. The food has gonebad.(形)G. The bread feels hard.(形) H. LiLei fell ill lastMonday.(形)I. In spring, the weather gets warm and the trees turngreen.(形)注意：常见连系动词：1).be2). keep(保持), stay(保持), remain(保持) 等3).感官动词feel(感觉/摸上去),look(看上去),seem(似乎),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来)，appear(看上去，显得)等。

中考英语复习专辑——简单句五种句型1.主语+ 不及物动词（主、谓结构）eg. He is working.2.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语（主、谓、宾结构）eg. We study English every day.3.主语+ 连系动词+ 表语（主、系、表结构）eg. Trees turn green.常见的连系动词有：be ; become ; get ; turn ; feel ; look(看起来)；smell(闻起来); sound(听起来)；taste(尝起来)；seem(似乎).特别注意：形容词常作表语4.主语+ 及物动词+ 间宾（人）+ 直宾（物）=主语+ 及物动词+ 直宾（物）+ to / for + 间宾（人）常用的此类动词有：give ; pass ; show ; lend ; buy. 但buy与for连用eg.1)I gave him a book.= I gave a book to him.2)My mother bought me a pen yesterday.= My mother bought a pen for me.5.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾补注意作宾补的词：1）名词（指宾语是谁/什么）；2）形容词；3）不定式；4）动词的ing 形式。

eg.1)We call him Jim.2)We must keep the window open.3)He told me to wash the plates.4)I saw a thief going into your room.特别注意：1)动词不定式作宾补A: ask / want / tell sb to do sth.其否定式为：ask/want/tell sb not to do sth2)省to不定式作宾补，即：(l, m, n; 3h; 2看; 1f) sb do sthl—let, m—make, n—notice; 3h—hear, have , help; 2看—see, watch; 1f—feel.eg.1)The boss made the workers work 12 hours every day.2)I often hear him sing.2)区别省to不定式作宾补与动词ing形式作宾补.hear / see sb do: 听见/看见某人做了某事hear / see sb doing: 听见/看见某人在做某事练习题基本句型英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。

中考中考英语专题-简单句（包含感叹句、祈使句）Grammar: Simple Sentences（简单句）Step 1 简单句的五种基本句型句型一： Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。

常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen 等。

例：1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。

2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。

3) Spring is coming.4) We have lived in the city for ten years.句型二：Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。

其系动词一般可分为下列两类：(1)表示状态。

这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。

例：1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。

2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。

(2)表示变化。

这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。

例：1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。

2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。

句型三：Subject(主语) ＋ Verb (谓语) ＋ Object (宾语)这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。

I have no idea__h_o_w__ ___t_o__ operate the new machine.
中考真题：
70. Can you tell me when I should water the flowers?（改为简单句）
Can you tell me_w_h_e_n_ __t_o_ water the flowers?
(对比He is cleaver but lazy. He is so
cleaver and so lazy.) 简
一.主语并列 ①both...and... e.g. Mary studies hard. Kitty also studies hard.
Both Mary and Kitty study hard. ②not only...but also... e.g. Mary studies hard. Kitty also studies hard. Not only Mary but also Kitty studies hard.
up all the food they ordered, __C____
they took the rest away. A. for B. or C. so D. as
中考真题——改写句子
（合并句子，保持句意不变）
中考真题：
65. I am not good at playing badminton. Gary isn't either.（合并 为一句）（2015）
N_e_i_t_h_e_rGary__n_o_r__I am good at playing badminton.
中考真题：
70. We shouldn't talk loudly in the theatre. We shouldn't smoke there, either. （保持句意不变）

通过感官知道宾语做了某事 Dad （ S） saw（V） Tom(O) 或者让宾语完成某个动作 playing basketball(C).
二、祈使句
句式
肯定式
否定形式
Do 型：（please+）动词原型+ Please listen to me carefully. 其他
Please don’t read in the sun.
2、there be 句型的否定形式是在 be 动词后 There is no milk in the fridge. 面加 not，not any，no
3、there be 句型的疑问句则需要将 be 动词提 Is there any water in the bottle. 到句首
4、there be sb doing sth+地点/时间，表示“某 There is someone singing in the classroom. 地/某时有某人正在做某事”
句号类
一、五大基本句型
句型
用法
示例
S（主）+vi（谓）
谓语动词为不及物动词，能表 They(S) have talked(V) for half 达完整的意思。不及物动词后 an hour.(介词+O(宾语)
谓语动词为及物动词，必须跟 She(S) plans(V) to swim(O) on 动作的承受着（宾语）意义才 Monday. 能完整
Be 型：be+表语
Be quiet！
Don’t be late for class!
Let 型：let+宾语+动词原型+ Let’s have a rest! 其他

答案：B
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(3)以 but 为代表的表示转折意义的并列连词 此类并列连词包括 but (但是；可是), while(而), yet(然而), however(然而)等。 He is young, but he works hard. 他虽然年轻，但学习努力。 It looks like rain. However, it is clear this morning. 天好像要下雨了，然而今天上午是晴天。 He is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累了，但他仍然要做另一个实验。 We have invited the boss, ________ she may decide not to come. A．and B．or C．but D．so
答案：C
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(4)以 so 为代表的表示因果关系的并列连词 此类并列连词包括 so(因此；所以), for(因为)。 Mike didn't come to school, for he was ill. 迈克没有来上学，因为他病了。 He works hard, so he is a top student of class. 因为他学习努力，所以是班上最优秀的学生。
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—Do you know if Cindy will drive to Italy this weekend? —Cindy? Never! She ________ driving. A．has hated B．hated C．will hate D．hates

中考中考英语专题-简单句（包含感叹句、祈使句）题库Grammar: Simple Sentences（简单句）题库1.(安徽,31,★)— is your father?Does he still work as an engineer?—Yes,he has been an engineer for thirty years.A.WhoB.HowC.WhatD.Which2.(安徽,43)Drive slowly,Mary. is something ahead on the road.A.ItB.ThisC.ThatD.There3.(江苏苏州,10)— does it take you to get to school by bike?—About fifteen minutes.A.How soonB.How oftenC.How longD.How far4.(福建,26)— does Liu Chuanjian do?—He's a pilot of Sichuan Airlines. He's a hero!A.WhatB.WhereC.When5.(重庆,32) me a chance and I'll bring you a surprise.A.GiveB.GivingC.GivesD.To give6.(上海,43)Please the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.A.putsB.putC.puttingD.to put7.(北京,23)— did you stop playing?—Because I was tired.A.HowB.WhyC.WhenD.Where8.(重庆,35)— will you finish writing the review of the Indian movie Dangal?—In two days.A.How farB.How oftenC.How soonD.How long9.(2016北京,23)— are these bananas?—$3.99.A.How muchB.How longC.How heavyD.How big10.(2016重庆,37,★)—You play the piano so well. do you take piano lessons?—I go to piano lessons twice a week.A.How longB.How manyC.How oftenD.How much11.(2016新疆乌鲁木齐,34,★)— exciting news it is!Disneyland in Shanghai has opened to the public!— .We plan to go there this summer holiday.A.What an;So is itB.What;So it isC.How;So it isD.How;So is it12.(2016四川南充,23)—Is there a watermelon on the table?—A.Yes, there is.B.Yes, it is.C.No, there is.D.No, it isn't.13.(2016湖北襄阳,35)— are the students in your class?—Most of them are only fourteen.A.How longB.How oldC.How manyD.How often14.(2016山东烟台,22)— is it from your home to school?—It's about ten minutes' walk.A.How longB.How farC.How manyD.How much15.(2016湖南张家界,17)Playing computer games too much bad for students' health.A.amB.isC.are16.(福建,30)— has Hong Kong been back to our motherland?—For 20 years. How time flies!A.How soonB.How longC.How often17.(黑龙江哈尔滨,1)—The summer vacation is coming. Why don't you go to the beach to en-joy the sunshine?—Sounds great. advice!A.What goodB.How goodC.What a good18.(黑龙江哈尔滨,12)— is it from your house to the bookstore?—It's about fifteen minutes' walk.A.How longB.How farC.How often19.(吉林长春,19)—The Changchun subway will be in use. will it take you to get to school on it?—Only ten minutes. It'll be quick and convenient.A.Hon muchB.How manyC.How oftenD.How long20.(江苏扬州,9)—I went from a school desk to a ship in my teens.— days would you be at sea? Homesick?A.How longB.How manyC.How muchD.How soon21.(江苏连云港,5)— do the students in your school do outdoor activities every day? —At least an hour.A.How oftenB.How longC.How muchD.How far22.(江苏南京,9)—Millie, do you take the course in DIY?—Every Saturday afternoon.A.how longB.how farC.how muchD.how often23.(江苏扬州,7)— bad news! We didn't win the 15th Sudirman Cup.—It's a pity.A.WhatB.What aC.HowD.How a24.(江苏连云港,3)— delicious food you served us tonight! Thank you very much!—I'm glad that you enjoyed it.A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a25.(江苏盐城,3) fine weather it is! Let's go on a picnic.A.What aB.WhatC.HowD.How a26.(江苏宿迁,6)—Have you heard that Lin Tao saved his neighbour from a big fire lastnight?—Yes. brave young man he is!A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a27.(江苏南京,2)Look! There a photo of our English teacher in today's newspaper!A.isB.areC.haveD.has28.(江苏南京,5)—Excuse me, but can you tell me where the nearest bank is?—Just going for two more blocks and you'll see it.A.keepB.to keepC.keepingD.keeps29.(云南,23)— do you visit your grandparents?—Once a month.A.How oftenB.How longC.How soonD.How far30.(吉林长春,15) wonderful The Reader is! Many people enjoy this TV program.A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a31.(吉林长春,18) for me at the bus station across from the post office. I can find you easily.A.WaitB.To waitC.WaitingD.Waits32.(2016江苏苏州,8)— pale you look! Are you feeling all right?—I'm not feeling well. I've got toothache.A.How aB.HowC.What aD.What33.(2016江苏镇江,8)—The world top player South Korean Lee lost the game against the computerprogram AlphaGo.— surprising news!A.What aB.WhatC.HowD.How a34.(2016江苏连云港,12)— will the 6th Chinese Film Festival in France last?—From May 24th to July 19th.A.How oftenB.How soonC.How longD.How many35.(2016江苏连云港,3)— heavy the rainstorm is!—Yes,the town has experienced the most serious flood during the past ten years.A.HowB.WhatC.How aD.What a36.(2016福建福州,32)— angry Kangkang looks! What happened?—He found his mother reading his diary when he returned home yesterday.A.HowB.WhatC.What an37.(2016福建福州,23)— is the nearest hospital from here?—Er, it's about ten minutes' walk.A.How longB.How farC.How often38.(2016吉林,32)—Do you know some robots are able to serve as waiters in restaurants? —Really? interesting it is!A.WhatB.What aC.How39.(2016山东烟台,25)— weather it is! Shall we go for a picnic?—I can't agree more.A.What a goodB.What goodC.How good theD.How good40.(2016山东青岛,3)— do you usually share happiness with?—My parents and my best friend.A.WhoB.WhoseC.WhatD.How41.(2016广东,33)Tommy, play basketball in the street next time. You may get hit by a car.A.doB.don'tC.mustD.mustn't42.(2016广东,41)—It is reported that cancer can be controlled at a temperature lower than 110℃below zero.—Really? nice surprise!A.HowB.WhatC.What aD.What an43.(2016浙江温州,5)—Do you know that the Terracotta Army in China is more than 2,000 years old?—Wow! !A.How large it isB.How modern it isC.What a long history it hasD.What a beautiful place it is44.(亳州蒙城县一模,38)— do you deal with the stress?—By having a talk with my friends.A.HowB.WhyC.WhenD.Where45.(亳州蒙城县一模,44)Hey,Nick! comes the last bus! Hurry up, or we will have towalk home.A.ThisB.HereC.ThatD.It46.(安徽模拟二,39)—Volunteers from Lantian Saving Team have saved many travellers in the mountains.— they are!A.How great a manB.How great menC.What a great manD.What great men47.(合肥押题一,39) dangerous it is for children to play in the street!A.WhatB.HowC.How aD.What a48.(2016安徽黑卷,37)— does that girl play the piano in the club? Her performance is so wonderful.—She plays every night.A.How farB.How muchC.How soonD.How often49.(2016合肥十校大联考三,32)— do you like best?—Orange, because orange can bring me success.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhichD.What colour50.(阜阳颍上五中月考,10)— give us a talk on modern science?—I'd love to, but I'm leaving for New York tomorrow.A.Would you likeB.How aboutC.Would you mindD.Could you please51.(阜阳颍上五中月考,15) great thing it is to swim in summer!A.What aB.WhatC.HowD.How a52.(马鞍山当涂县联考,39) great fun they are having!A.WhatB.What aC.HowD.How a53.(马鞍山二中一模,32)—Hello, Peter. Could I ask you a few questions?— Feel free.A.Nothing serious.B.Don't mention it!C.That's right.D.Of course!54.(江淮名校联考,27) exciting boat race it was!Many people watched it.A.What aB.What anC.HowD.How a55.(亳州涡阳县月考,38) you stay here for lunch, please?A.WillB.NeedC.MustD.Do56.(合肥50中三模,31)— is the boy with a pair of glasses?—My brother John.A.HowB.WhoC.WhereD.What57.(合肥押题一,38)carefully,Mr Brown!There is a primary school ahead.It's time for school now!A.DriveB.To driveC.DrivingD.Drove58.(阜阳陈梦中学一模,34)—Where shall we eat for supper, Mum? At home or in the restaurant? — It is your birthday today.A.No idea.B.It is up to you.C.Why not?D.Hard to say.59.(合肥38中二模,38)—Hello, sir. Is there anything I can do for you?—A.Yes, there is.B.No, there isn't.C.That's right.D.I'd like a scarf.二、英语书面表达专项训练2．手机在生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，许多中学生沉迷于手机无法自拔，比如你的好友Miller.请根据以下提示点写一篇短文：1. 去年，Miller对手机游戏非常入迷，而且花大量时间用手机聊天看电影；2. Miller与家人和朋友交流甚少，离开手机会很焦虑；3. 昨天还因为走路看手机被自行车撞了，膝盖受伤；4. 你的建议……参考词汇：mobile games手机游戏anxious焦虑be crazy about对……入迷要求：1字数80-100个2开头已经给出不计入总词数3要点齐全，行为连贯，适当发挥Today more and more people are addicted to(沉迷）playing the mobile phones. Last year, My friend Miller was【答案】Today more and more people are addicted to(沉迷）playing the mobile phones. Last year，My friend Miller was crazy about mobile games as well. He spent too much time in chatting and watching films on the phone. Miller hardly talked with his family and friends. Helived in his own world. He felt very anxious without mobile phones. Yesterday he was hit by a bike, because he was watching his phone at that moment. As a result, he hurt his knees badly.In my opinion, I think we can’t use the mobile phones for a long time, I mean, no more than half an hour a day. D on’t take mobile phones to school. A mobile phone is just a kind of tool, not our whole life.【解析】【详解】这是一篇给材料作文。

第2部分 语法突破
返回目录
考点 感叹句
类别
结构
What＋ a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！ what引导
What＋adj.＋复数可数名词/不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！
How＋adj./adv.(＋主语＋谓语)！
how引导 How＋adj.＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！
②She (doesn’t) likes coffee. 她(不)喜欢咖啡。
第2部分 语法突破
返回目录
2．疑问句的基本句型
分类
结构
Be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋谓语＋其 一般疑问句(用yes, no回答)
他？
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词(组)＋ 一般疑问句？
①一般疑问句 ＋ or ＋ 被选择的部分 ＋
并列主语
老师和学生都对户外运动感兴趣。
第2部分 语法突破
主语 each/every＋单数名词 each of ＋复数名词 one of ＋复数名词 由some-， any-， no-， every-构成的复合不定代 词作主语
第2部分 语法突破
返回目录
考点 There be句型(2020.70)
1．There be 句型表示“某处有某人或某物”。 There 无词义，be动词必须和主语保持人称和数的一致。如果主 语部分是两个或两个以上的并列主语，be动词应采用就近原则。 2．基本结构 (1)肯定形式：There be(is/are/was/were)＋ sb./sth.＋地点 There are a number of books in our school library. 我们学校图书馆 里有许多书。
表示禁止时，尤其是用在标 No smoking！禁止吸烟！No

十、简单句1、简单句的特点：简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成。

2、简单句的种类：简单句一般分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句四种。

3、陈述句：用来说明一个事实的句子叫陈述句。

它有肯定式和否定式两种形式。

▲陈述句的肯定式：He is a middle school student.（他是个中学生）/ I have a hammer in my hand.（我手上有把锤子）/ She teaches us geography.（她教我们地理）/ The new play was good enough and everybody enjoyed it.（新的话剧非常好大家都喜欢）▲陈述句的否定式：1)谓语动词如果是to be 、助动词、情态动词时,在它们的后面加“not”。

如：My brother is not a teacher.（我的弟弟不是教师）/ He does not have a cousin.（他没有堂兄弟）/ I will not go there tomorrow.（明天我不去那儿）/ My mother is not cooking a meal in the kitchen.（我母亲现在不在厨房里做饭）/ You must not make such mistakes again.（你不该再犯类似错误了） / We haven’t discussed the question yet（我们还没有讨论那个问题呢）.2)谓语动词如果没有上述词语而是其他动词时,须在它的前面加do not(don’t).如：I don’t know anything about it.(此事我一无所知)/ Li Ming does not feed pigs in the countryside.（李明不在农村养猪）/ We didn’t expect to meet her right here.（我们没指望着在这里见到她）/We didn’t have a meeting yesterday afternoon.(昨天下午我们没有开会)3)如果“have”作“有”讲,也可以在它后面加not构成否定式,其形式与have got的否定式相同。

简单句、并列句和复合句考点一简单句1.简单句只包含一个主谓结构.2.五种简单句:1)主+谓. He comes at last.2)主+系+表. She is a teacher.The soup tastes nice.3)主+谓+宾. They reached the village.4)主+谓+间宾+直宾. He gave me a pen.5)主+谓+宾+宾补. I find that book very useful.考点二并列句并列句：两个或两个以上的简单句,用连词连接起来;常用的连接词有：1.表示顺承关系的：and, not only…but also不仅….而且….等;She ______ gave us a lot of advice, _______ helped us to overcome difficulties.Linda tried to become an excellent teacher, _____ at last she succeeded.2.表示选择关系和否定条件的有or还是,否则Do you want to leave now ____ would you rather set off laterWear your coat, ____ you’ll catch a cold.3.表示转折关系的有but, yet等;He is young, but he works hard.虽然他年轻,但工作努力;4.表示因果关系的有for, so 等;My leg hurts so I go to see a doctor. 我的腿疼,因此我去看医生;考点三主从复合句：宾语从句1.宾语从句的引导词1引导陈述句用 that在口语和非正式文体中常常省略He tells me that he is going shopping this Sunday.2 引导一般疑问句用if或whether.She asked me if\ whether she could join us. whether…or not3 引导特殊疑问句,要用原来的特殊疑问词;She asked them what they were doing.2.宾语从句的语序：要用陈述句语序;I want to know when the train left.3. 宾语从句的时态1主句是一般现在时,一般将来时或祈使句,宾语从句可根据实际需要选用各种时态;He tells us that he has been able to look after himself.(2)主句是过去时态,宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态;They said that they had already finished the work.(3)如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等,不管主句用什么时态,从句都用一般现在时;He said that light travels faster than sound.3. 练习1She asked me, “Will you go to the cinema tomorrow”改为含宾语从句的复合句She asked me______ I ______ go to the cinema the next day.2 How lovely the dog is Can you tell me _____A. where did you get itB. where will you get itC. where you got it3 --- Can you tell me _____ your parents at home--- I often wash clothes and sweep the floor.A.how will you helpB. how you helpC. how will you helpD. howdo you help4 When I was young, my grandfather told me that the sun ______ rise in the east.考点四状语从句一、状语从句在复合句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等;1.地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由 where 引导;Put all the things _____they were.A. whereB. whenC. whoseD. which2.时间状语从句主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时时间状语从句的引导词有when, before, after, until, as soon as, since, while, as 等She was cooking when someone knock at the door.What will you do after you finished your homework3.条件状语从句在条件状语从句中,常用的引导词有if, unless等;If it dosen’t rain, I” ll go fishing.They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.4.原因状语从句原因状语从句常用的引导词有because, as, since既然等He didn’t come because he was ill.Since we are students, we should study hard.Because 和so 不能在一个句子中同时使用;5. 结果状语从句结果状语从句主要由so…that…, such…that…引导;It’s so hot that we want to go swimming.That’s such an interesting story that everybody likes it.So… that…与简单句之间的句型转换1）that后的句子是否定句,常用too…to进行转换;He is so young that he can’t go to school. he is too young to go to school.2)that后的句子是肯定句;常用enough to 进行转换;The shirt was so cheap that he bought it. the shirt was cheap enough for him to buy.6.目的状语从句目的状语从句常用的引导词有so that, in order that 等 in order to 简单句Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it.He works harder in order that he can go to a good college.7. 让步状语从句引导词有though, although, even if, even though尽管等;He often helps others though\ although he is not rich.They will stand by you even if you don’t succeed.Though, although与but 不能同时出现在一个句子中8.比较状语从句比较状语从句由than, as…as…, not as\so… as等引导;比较级He is more outgoing than I.He ran as fast as Mike.二、练习1. It’s quite common in Britain to say “thank you”to the drivers _____ people get off the bus.a. afterb. sincec. untild. when2. The art club is for members only. You can’t go in ____you are a member.a. unlessb. becausec. ifd. though3. Now many parents send their children to foreign countries, _____ they want them to get a better education.a. untilb. thoughc. because4. ---- What would some students like to do after finishing their education---- They would like to start to work_______ they needn’t depend on their parents completely.a. as soon asb. so thatc. befored. while考点五定语从句修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句;被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词关系代词和关系副词;1.关系代词的基本用法The man __________spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 指人作主语The building ___________is being built will be used as a hospital.指物作主语I visited a scientist _______ name is known all over the world. 指人作定语2. 关系代词特殊用法1当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致;He is one of the boys who ______ like playing football.He is the only one of the boys who________ like playing football.2 通常以下四种情况关系代词只能用that而不能用which.1 先行词为all, much, something, everything, nothing, little, none, the one 等不定代词时2先行词被形容词最高级修饰时;3当先行词被the only, the very, the just等修饰时;4先行词中既有人又有物时;3. 关系副词的基本用法;1 when 在句中作状语,表示时间;2 where 在句中作状语,表示地点;.3 why 在句中作状语,表示原因;He remembers the day _______ he joined the League.This is the reason_______ he is late today.This is the place _______ Lu Xun was born.1. 2011泰安--- _______do you read English newspapers---I read China Daily every day.A. How longB. How soonC. How oftenD. How far2.2011抚州John had a short walk after lunch, _______A. did heB. didn't heC. had heD. hadn't he3.2011宁波--- _______do you have an Art Festival in your school---Once a year.A. How longB. How oftenC. How farD. How soon4.2011安徽省If you want to go to see the movie this evening, so _______I.A. doB. amC. willD. should5.2011长沙 _______tall the girl isA. HowB. HowaC. WhatD. What a6.2011长沙 _______ call me Mimi It's my cat's name.A. NotB. Didn'tC. Doesn'tD. Don't7.2011长沙They went to the park yesterday,_______A. don't theyB. didn't theyC. aren't theyD. can't they8.2011福州---Li Mei usually helps others, _______---Yes, she is kind-hearted.A. does sheB. is sheC. doesn't she9.2011眉山There _______an English party in our school tomorrow evening.A. haveB. will haveC. is going to haveD. will be10. 2011济南--- _______a year does your school have sports meetings---Twice a year.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How many times11. 2011泰州---I have changed my job.---_______.A. So do IB. So have IC. So I doD. So I have12. 2011济南Mike learns a lot about Internet. And _______.A. I don't, eitherB. so do IC. so am I am, too13. 2011眉山Jim never goes to the movies on Saturday, _______A. does JimB. doesn't JimC. doesn't heD. does he14. 2011玉州You've just finished your listening exam Please getyourself ready for the next part, _______A. shall weB. will youC. do youD. are you15. 2011眉山--- _______the weather like last Monday---It was sunny.A. How wasB. What'sC. What wasD. How is16. 2011潍坊_______great scientist Qian Xuesen isA. HowB. HowaC. WhatD. What a17. 2011眉山--- _______do you visit your grandparents---Once a month.A. How soonB. How longC. How muchD. How often18. 2011内江--- _______ do you speak English so well---Because I practice it with my partner every day.A. WhyB. WhenC. Who19. 2011泉州---We'll go to Qing Yuan Mountain tomorrow. Why _______join us---That's a good idea.A. notB. don'tC. can'tD. didn't20. 2011泉州There is little milk in the glass, _______A. is thereB. isn't thereC. isn't itD. does it21. 2011肇庆The students in Class Two played basketball against ClassOne yesterday,_____A. did theyB. didn't theyC. weren't they22. 2011宁波---What a new computer Can you tell me_______---Just the day before yesterday.A. how much you paid for itB. how much did you pay for itC. when you bought itD. when did you buy it23. 2011泰安---Tom wants to know if you will have a picnic tomorrow.---Yes. But if it _______, we'll play chess instead.A. will rainB. rainedC. is rainingD. rains24. 2011烟台---Do you know this dictionary belongs to---Let me see. Oh, it's_______.A. who does; mineB. who; meC. whose; mineD. who; mine25. 2011杭州Franklin told them all _______to be in Britain again.A. he was how happyB. how happy he wasC. how was he happyD. he was happy how26. 2011湖州---What kind of movies do you like---I like the movies_______ are about Chinese history.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. that27. 2011丽水---Do you know _______---Sorry, I don't have a watch.A. whose watch this isB. whose watch is thisC. what time it isD. what time is it28. 2011重庆The woman asked the policeman where _______.A. the post office isB. the post office wasC. is the post officeD. was the post office29. 2011泰安---Can you guess_______ the new schoolbag yesterday.----Sorry, I've no idea.A. how much did he pay forB. how much he spentC how much he paid for D. how much did he spend30. 2011杭州Who is the man_______ is reading a book over thereA. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what31. 2011湖州---Do you know_______---Next Sunday.A. what they will doB. where they will doC. when they will come hereD. who they will meet32. 2011长沙---Can you tell me why_______---Because I want to help the people there.A. do you go to Tibet西藏B. did you go to TibetC are you going to Tibet D. you are going to Tibet33. 2011浙江省---Linda, could you tell me _______---He is an actor.A. what he doesB. what does he doC where he works D. where does he work34. 2011福州---Could you tell me _______---Sure. The day after tomorrow.A. when will you leave for the U.S.A.B. when Mr. Lee will comeC when your father returned35. 2011济南He asked me_______.A. who did kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the A. PEC meeting heldC when China became a member of the WTOD. where will the 2008 Olympics be held36. 2011玉州Jane is one of the students in the class _______ have everbeen to China.A. whoB. whoseC. whichD. whom37. 2011济宁Can you tell me _______after this examA. what you didB. what did you doC. what will you doD. what you will do38. 2011苏州---Can you tell me how many colours _______ in a rainbow---SevenA. there areB. are thereC. they areD. are they39. 2011潍坊I can't understand _______Apple's iPad 2.A. why are they so mad aboutB. why they are so mad aboutC. how are they so mad aboutD. how they are so mad a。

中考英语语法专项复习：简单句、并列句和复合句句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。

复合句中包含宾语从句、状语从句或定语从句等。

◆一简单句简单句就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子，其句式结构主要有五种：①主 + 谓。

He works in a big company. 他在一家大公司工作。

②主 + 系 + 表。

She is a kind girl. 她是一个善良的女孩。

③主 + 谓 + 宾。

Ann eats junk food twice a week .安一周吃两次垃圾食品。

④主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾。

He gave me a pen .他给我一支钢笔。

⑤主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补。

He kept me waiting for two hours .他让我等了两小时。

◆二并列句并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。

并列句中的各简单句同等重要，没有从属关系，是并列的关系，之间用并列连词连接。

1. 表示顺承的并列连词有and / not only …but （also）等。

如：She not only gaveus a lot of advice, butalso helped us to overcome difficulties .他不仅给了我们很多建议，而且还帮助我们克服困难。

2. 表示选择的并列连词有or，either …or …等。

如：Either you or Maria will haveto go .你或玛丽亚得去一趟。

3. 表示转折的并列连词有but，yet，however 等。

如：It is hot in summer here , butit’s not cold in winter .这里夏天热，但冬天不冷。

4. 表示因果关系的并列连词有so，如：He works hard , so he is one of the topstudents in our class .因为他学习努力，所以他是我们班最优秀的学生之一。

五、There be 句型（存现句）和主谓一致
3. There be 句型与have的区别
There be 句型表示“存在”，强调“某地或某时有某物或某人”，不表示所属关系。 have 表示所属关系，强调“某人或某物拥有...”。 There is a pen on my desk. 我的书桌上有一支钢笔。（钢笔在我书桌上，但不一定是我的） I have a pen. 我有一支钢笔。（钢笔不管在哪儿，它都是我的）
六、主谓一致
3. 就近一致
就近一致即谓语动词与离它最近的主语部分保持一致。 There be/Here be 句型 either...or..., neither...nor..., or not only... but also..., not... but...
一、简单句的基本句型
2. 简单句的五种基本句型：
主语+系动词+表语 (S+V+P) 主语+不及物动词 (S+V) 主语+及物动词+宾语 (S+V+O) 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 (S+V+IO+DO) 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 (S+V+O+OC)
She is beautiful. Mike works hard. I teach English. Maria sent me a present.
二、疑问句
1. 疑问句的分类
句型 一般疑问句
特殊疑问句 选择疑问句 反意疑问句
结构 Be+主语+其他？ 情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ 助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ 助动词+主语+过去分词+其他？ 特殊疑问句+一般疑问句？ 一般疑问句，...+or+另一备选对象？ 特殊疑问句，...+or+另一备选对象？ 陈述句/祈使句+附加问句

中考英语专项复习之简单句一：简单句的特点简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成。

如：He has made great progress in his English recently.My classmates and I often play soccer after school.Yesterday we went to the zoo and took some photos.二：简单句的种类：简单句一般分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句四种。

三：陈述句用来说明一个事实的句子叫陈述句。

它有________式和________式两种形式。

▲陈述句的肯定式：He ________（be）a middle school student.She ________（can play）the piano when she was five.She ________（teach）us geography.Everybody ________（enjoy）themselves at the party last night.She ________（remember）more than 1000 words since last term.▲陈述句的否定式：1)谓语动词如果是be 、助动词(have,has)、情态动词时,其否定式都是在它们的后面加“________”。

如：My brother ________ a teacher.（我的弟弟不是教师）My mother ________ a meal in the kitchen now.（我母亲现在不在厨房里做饭）I ____ ____ go there tomorrow.（明天我不去那儿）You ____ ____ such mistakes again.（你不该再犯类似错误了）We ____ ____ the question yet.（我们还没有讨论那个问题呢）.2)谓语动词是实义动词时,须在它的前面加________或________或________.如：I ____ ____anything about it.(此事我一无所知)Li Ming ____ ____ pigs in the countryside.（李明不在农村养猪）/We ____ ____ her right here yesterday.（昨天我们没在这里见到她）四：疑问句▲一般疑问句：提问所述情况是否符合事实，要求用是还是不是，对还是错（用“yes”或“no”）来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。