英语语法大攻克--名词复习

名词名词复数的规则变化情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加s 清辅音后读/s/浊辅音后和元音后读/z/ map-maps car-cars以s,sh,ch,x 等结尾加es 读/iz/ box-boxesclass-classes以ce,se,ze 等结尾加s 读/iz/ license-licenses以辅音字母+y 结尾变y 为i 再加es 读/iz/ baby-babies二．其他复数的规则变化1）以y结尾的专有名词或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。

例如：the Henrys’ monkey---monkeys2）以o 结尾的名词,变复数时：a. 非生命名词加s,如：photo---photos piano---pianosb. 生命名词加es,如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoesc. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如zero---zeros / zeroes.3）以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：去掉f,fe 加ves,如：half---halves knife---knives，除roof---roofs以外。

三．名词复数的不规则变化1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth注意:：由一个词加man 或woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women,如an Englishman,two Englishmen.但German 不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans.2）单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin等。

但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。

如：a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters。

3）集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。

例如：people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。

4）以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如：a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。

b. news 为不可数名词。

c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。

d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。

5）表示由两部分构成的东西,如：glasses trousers,clothes等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair;suit; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。

6）另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如：goods货物,waters水域,fishes（各种）鱼.7.有些名词只有单数形式，如paper, bread, milk, news, 要表示其数量，要用量词piece, glass, bottle等，如：a piece of news （一条新闻）two pieces of bread （两块面包）three pieces of paper（三张纸）four glasses of milk （四杯牛奶）five bottles of water（五杯水）一.名词的格这部分我们要讨论的是名词的所有格，也就是“……的”表达方式I．在英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系：1）单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s"，如the boy's bag 男孩的书包，men's room 男厕所。

2）若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加"'"，如：the twins’ room双胞胎的房间。

3）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”；只有一个's，则表示“共有”，如：John's and Mary's room（两间）John and Mary's room（一间）4）在表示店铺的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barber's 理发店，the Green’s表示Green家。

注意：区别the Green’s和the Greens。

前者其实是省略了the Green’s (home),后者是指Green一家人是名词复数。

5）用所有格表示时间或距离的方法：ten minutes’ drive十分钟车程，a month’s holiday一个月的假期6）用所有格表示节日的方法：Teachers’ Day, Children’s Day.需要注意的是除了父亲节和母亲节其他节日我们都用名词复数的所有格表示，因为爸爸妈妈每个人就只有一个所以不用复数，Mother’s Day, Father’s DayII．有的可以用of来表示所有关系：1）与s不同，用of时这种所有关系是倒置的，例如：the gate of school学校的大门。

当of后面是无生命的物体时，可以直接用名词来表示，例如：the door of classroom教室的门；而当of后面是有生命的名词时，要用名词的所有格a friend of my father’s我爸爸的一个朋友。

名词的所有格名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。

1. 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's,其复数形式是s'，例如：a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。

2. 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加's，如：Children's Day。

3. 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's，例如：a twenty minutes' walk，ten miles' journey，a boat's length，two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。

4. 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构，例如：a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。

5. 双重所有格，例如：a friend of my father's。

【注意】如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”，例如：John's and Mary's rooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom's and Mary's bikes（两人各自的自行车）。

两个名词并列，只有一个's，则表示“共有”，例如：John and Mary's room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；Tom and Mary's mother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。

练习题1.Would you give me________, please?A.two papersB.two piece of paperC.two pieces of paperD.two pieces of papers2.There are three_____and seven____in the picture.A.monkeys,sheepsB.monkeys,sheepC.monkies,sheepD.monkies,sheeps3.A lot of____are talking with two_______.A.Germans,FrenchmansB.Germen,FrenchmansC.German, FrenchmenD.Germans,Frenchmen4.__________people went out to see what had happened.A. Thousands ofB.Three thousand ofC.Thousand ofD.Three thousands5.We have been in the school for______.A.three and a half monthB.three and a half monthsC.three month and a halfD.three month and halves6.These Germans want to have some ______for supper,so they decide fo catch______now.A.fish manyB.fishes muchC.fish muchD.fishes many7.All the ______ in the hospital got a rise last month.A. women doctorsB. women doctorC. woman doctorsD. woman doctor8.______ travels faster when the zip code is indicated on the envelope.A. A little mailB. A piece of mailC. A mailD. A small mail9.What can I do for you ,sir ?I would like two ______A. bottle of milkB.bottles of milksC.bottles of milkD.bottle of milks10.My mother bought ______ for me yesterdayA. a pair of glassesB.a pair of galssC.a glassD. a glasses答案：1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5. B 6.A7.A 8.B 9.C 10.A名词的单复数形式1. They come from different ______A. countryB. countriesC. a countryD. countrys2. How many ______ do you see in the picture?A. tomatosB. tomatoesC. tomatoD. the tomato3. They are______.A . woman teachers B. women teachersC. women teacherD. woman teacher4. Would you like _______ ,please?A. two glass of waterB. two glasses of waterC. two glass of watersD. two glasses of waters5. Most of ______ live in _______.A. Germans, GermanB. German, GermenC. Germen, GermanyD. Germans, Germany6. There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes…pencil-boxesB.knives…pencils-boxC.knives…pencil-boxD.knives…pencils-boxes7. ______ hate ______ by air.A. Greens, travellingB. The Green, travelingC. The Greens, travelD. The Greens, traveling8. I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A. the peopleB. peopleC. peoplesD. the peoples9. There is no ______ in the plate.A. applesB. orangesC. riceD. eggs2）.填入所给名词的正确形式1. I have two_____ (knife)2. There are many _____ here. (box)3. There are many _____ on the road. (bus)4. A few _____ are drawing on the wall. (boy)5. The _____ are playing football now. (child)名词由单数变成复数的练习写出下列名词复数leaf______ puppy_______ box_______ knife_______ fly______ fox______ bus______ bench_____ brush_____ kiss______ church______ dish_____ ruler______peach________ glass_____ pencil________ boy______ zoo______ man______roof_______ sheep_______ knife______ lady______ key______ story______watch______ bamboo______ city______ family______ day_____ apple_______eraser______ speech______ thief______ mouse______ fish_____ goose____ people______ ox_____ Chinese _______ deer _______ foot______ child_______ tooth_______ guy________ hero_______ spy______ boss_____ monkey______ city ______ goat______ radio ________ horse ______ dog ______用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空：1>There are so many________(wolf)in the forest.2>There are three ______(chair) in the classroom.3>These _______(tomato) are red.4>______(hero) are great.5>My brother looks after two ______(baby)6>There are some ______(deer) eating the grass.7>My father likes to eat _______(potato).8>Chinese ______(people)like to eat noodles.9>I have a lot of ______(toy) in my bedroom.10>I help my mother wash ______(dish) in the kitchen.11>I have two ______(pencil-box).12>There are some ______(bus)in the street.13>Peter has eight _____(foot).14>Linda has three _______(tooth).15>There are some ______(child) in the garden.16>Michael likes the ______(mouse).17>There are some ______(goose)in the river.18>My uncle and father are _____(man).19>Tom and King are _____(boy).20>Linda has three ______(tooth).选出正确形式1．I can see three ________ in the zoo.A monkeysB monkeysC monkey2.The pig has four ______. A. foot B. feet C. foots3.My two brothers are both ______.A. policemanB. policemansC. policemen4.There are four ___________ in the class.A. JapaneseB. JapanesesC. Japan5.I can see ten _____ in the picture. A. sheep B. dog C. pig6.The _____ has three______.A. boys, watchesB. boy, watchC. boy, watches7.C an you see _______on the plate? A. bread B. breads C. breades8.The girl often brushes her_____ before she goes to bed.A. toothB. toothsC. teeth9.Mr Black often drink some _________.A. milk B. milks kes10.There are some _____ on the floor. A. child B. water C. books11. _______ will learn English. A. Woman B. Women C. Man12.Lucy will show us some new ____ of hers.A. photoB. photosC. photoes13. I drank two ______.A. bottles of orangeB. bottle of orangeC. bottles of oranges14.The cat eats two ______ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse15.I need a pen and some _____. A. books B. desk C. chair16 Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.A. rooms numberB. Room numberC. Room’s numberD. Room numbers17. The newly-built library is a ______ building.A. five-storeyB. five storeysC. five-storey’sD. five storeys’18. --- Whose umbrella is it?--- It’s _______.A. somebody else’sB. Somebody elseC. Someb ody’s else’sD. Somebody’s else19. I feel terribly hot, What’s the _____?A. temperature of roomB. Room’s temperatureC. Room temperatureD. Temperature of room’s20. _______ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas.A. The EvensB. The Evens’C. The EvensesD. The Evenses’21.The girl talking to Mary is a friend of ________.A. Mary’s sisterB. Mary sister’sC. Mary’s sister’sD. sister of Mary’s22. The woman over there is ______ mother.A. Julia and Shelley’sB. Ju lia’s and Shelley’sB. C. Julia and Shelley D. Julia’s and Shelley23. He is very tired. He needs ______.A. a night restB. a rest nightC. a night’s restD. a rest of night24．---Excuse me，where are _______ offices?---Over there．A．teacher’s B．teachers’ C．the teacher’s D．the teachers’25．Today is September 10th. It’s_____ Day. Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teachers.A. TeacherB. Teachers’C. the Teachers’D. Teacher’s名词变复数练习题2一、写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange2、class3、text4、monkey5、piano6、child7、shelf 8、bed 9、country10、family 11、toy 12、foot13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo16、army 17、tomato 18、fox19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep二、选择填空1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoesB. are photosC. is a photoD. is photos2. This kind of car made in Shanghai.A. is B .are C .were D .has3. There are four and two in the group.A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, GermenC. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans4. That’a art book.A. anB. aC. the D are5. The boys have got already.A. two breadB. two breadsC. two pieces of breadD. two piece of bread6. The old man wants .A. six boxes of applesB. six boxes of appleC. six box of applesD. six boxs of apples7. There some in the river.A. is ,fishB. are, fishsC. is, fishsD. are ,fish8. There two in the box.A. is watchB. are watchesC. are watchD. is watches9. We should clean twice a day.A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth0.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.A.teacherB.teacher’sC.teachers’D.teachers11. In Britain _____ are all painted red.A.letter boxesB.letters boxesC.letter boxD.letters box写出下列各词的复数形式am is he she it that this you pen deskkey orange boy friendparent mother father sisterbrother son daughter cousin case box cardfamily按要求变换句型（把1—10句变为复数句。