初中英语语法-主谓一致和倒装句

专题十三倒装句和主谓一致1.定义：倒装句：倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。

分类：完全倒装和部分倒装主谓一致：谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致分类：语法一致：谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致意义一致：谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致就近一致：谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致思维导图：倒装句和主谓一致倒装句部分倒装so/neither/noronly＋状语, 位于句首否定意义的词位于句首not only...but (also) 连接连个句子完全倒装here/there等地点副词放在句首，且主语为名词主谓一致并列成分作主语特殊形式的名词作主语表数量意义的词作主语不定代词或其他作主语there be 句型句型结构there be 与have的区别就近原则1.倒装句a.部分倒装1.so/neither/nor引导的倒装句2.only＋状语, 位于句首,主句用部分倒装Eg. Only in this way, can they learn English well.3.否定词:never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely;表否定意义的介词短语: at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on nocondition 等置于句首时。

Eg. Not a single mistake did he make.4.not only…, but also…连接两个句子，且not only所在的句子位于句首，其所在的句子要用部分倒装。

Eg. Not only does he get up early, but he also goes to bed early.b.完全倒装表示地点的副词here, there 置于句首, 且主语是名词(不是代词) 时Eg. Here comes the bus.Here you are.2.主谓一致a.并列成分作主语3.there be句型典型例题总分：74分姓名：得分：1.单选题（每小题1分，共50分）（）1. -Last summer holiday, I didn't go anywhere. How boring!-________. But I'm going somewhere for a holiday this summer.A. Neither I didB. Neither did IC. So did ID. So I did （）2. -Tom hasn't gone back to his hometown for 10 years. - . It's a shameA. Neither do the SmithsB. Neither have the SmithsC. So have the Smiths （）3. Listen! ! Let's get into the classroom!A. There the bell goes!B. There goes the bell!C. The bell goes there!（）4. -Mike has lunch at school. - .A. So does TomB. So has TomC. So Tom hasD. So has Tom（）5. Hey, Nick. ______ comes the last bus! Hurry up, or we'll have to walk home.A. ThisB. ThereC. ThatD. It（）6. Only yesterday _______________ find out that his watch was lost.A. he couldB. he didC. did heD. does he（）8._________ he get up early, _______he also goes to bed early.A. Not only do; butB. Not only does; butC. Not only; butD. Not does; but does （）9. -Where's your sister?-Oh, she ________ the Laoshe Teahouse and ________.A. has been to; so Li Ming isB. has gone to; so Li Ming hasC. has gone to; so has Li MingD. has been in; so has Li Ming（）10. Don't worry. ___________A. Here the car comes.B. Here comes the car.C. Here the car is.D. The car here comes.（）11. If you don't go to the meeting tomorrow, ________.A. he won't, tooB. he won't, neitherC. neither does heD. neither will he （）12. Only by studying hard ________ improve her English soon.A. she canB. she didC. can sheD. did she（）13. in this shop can you buy this kind of shoes.A. JustB. StillC. YetD. Only（）14. -When some students throw rubbish in our classroom, I feel ____.- . It makes me want to tell them to clean up the classroom.A. angry; So do IB. uncomfortable; Neither I doC. anrily; So I doD. comfortable; Neither do I（）15. -Will you go to the party tomorrow?-If you go, ______. If you don't, _______.A. so will I, neither will IB. so do I, neither do IC. so I do, neither I doD. so I will, neither I will（）16. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.A. can be the patients treatedB. can the patients he treatedC. the patients can be treatedD. treated can be the patients（）17. On the top of the small hill , and it has a long history of more than four hundred years.A. stands an old templeB. an old temple standsC. does an old temple standD. an old temple does stand（）18. As your spoken English gets better, _______ your written English.A. so doesB. so willC. neither doesD. neither will（）19. Not a single song ____ at yesterday's party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. had she sung（）20. -He could hardly understand what was being read, _______?-__________ could I. But he thought his English was perfect.A. could he; NeitherB. can he; NorC. couldn't he; SoD. couldn't he; Neither（）21.-I'd love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework________.-If you don't go, _____ .A. to do; so do IB. to do; nor will IC. doing; so will ID. do; neither am I（）22.-My mother hardly watches any sports shows. -_________A. So do mine.B. So does mine.C. Neither do mine.D. Neither does mine.（）23. If you go to his party tomorrow, .A. won't, neither do IB. don't, neither will IC. don't, neither do ID. /, so do I（）24. -I couldn't work out the math problem.-________. I found ________ difficult for us to do it.A. So could I; thisB. Neither could I; itC. So can I; thatD. Neither I could; it（）25.Only _________ save his life.A. can the doctorB. the doctor canC. will the doctorD. could the doctor（）26. Jenny, together with the Greens the White Tower Park if it tomorrow.A. are going to; isn't rainyB. is going to; doesn't rainC. are going to; won't rainD. is going to; isn't rain（）27. The singer and the writer come to the meeting.A. hasB. isC. haveD. are（）28. Either the students or the teacher him very well.A. knowsB. to knowC. knowD. knew（）29. of the students in our class _____ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A. Two fifths, isB. Second fifths, areC. Second fifths, isD. Two fifths, are（）30.There a pen and two rulers on the desk.A. hasB. areC. haveD. is（）31. Listening to tapes _______ a good way to learn English.A. isB. areC. amD. be（）32. This museum ______ here for over 80 years. It ______one of the oldest buildings in this city.A. is; wasB. had been; isC. was; has beenD. has been; is（）33 .________green or ________in a light green room ________good for us.A. Wear, sleep, isB. Wearing, sleeping, areC. Wear, sleep, areD. Wearing, sleeping, is （）34. Running and swimming ____ good for you.A. beB. isC. areD. maybe（）35.-Betty, do you know if Tony _______ the photo competition?-He will, if he _______ his project on Australia.A. enters; finishesB. enters; will finishC. will enter; finishesD. will enter; will finish （）36. -The teacher told the students ________ the task in one day.-That's too long. I think four hours ________ enough.A. to finish; isB. to finish; areC. finish; isD. finish; are（）37.-Li Lei, you'd better go to bed early.-Ok, I'll go to bed as soon as I ______ my homework.A. will finishB. finishingC. finishD. finishes（）38.Twelve-year-olds ______ to have jobs in our country.A. is not allowedB. are allowedC. is allowedD. are not allowed（）39.________ the students in our school _______ over two thousand.A. The number of; isB. The number of; areC. A number of; isD. A number of; are （）40.- What kind of movies do you prefer?-I prefer the movies ________ me something to think about.A. that giveB. that givesC. what givesD. who gives（）41. -What _____ to your city in recent years?-Lots of wide roads, tall buildings and beautiful parks have been built.A. takes placeB. have happenedC. has happenedD. happened（）42.These CDs well, and they will soon.A. sell; sold outB. sell out; be soldC. sell; be sold outD. sold out; be sold（）43.-What does he look like?- He ______________ of medium height and he ______________ small eyes.A. has; hasB. is; isC. has; isD. is; has（）44.In our school library, there a number of books and the number of them _______ growing larger and larger,A. is; areB. has; isC. are; isD. have; are（）45. -There ______ a magic show next week. Would you like to go with me?-Sure, I'd love to.A. will haveB. isC. is going to haveD. is going to be（）46.All the club members _______ the floor when they heard someone _______ for help.A. swept; were shoutingB. swept; shoutedC. were sweeping; shoutingD. was sweeping; shouted（）47. As a result of the earthquake, two thirds of the buildings in the area .A. need repairingB. needs repairingC. needs to be repairedD. need to repair（）48.We all know that the Moon ________ around the Earth.A. is going to travelB. has travelledC. travelsD. travelled（）49.-What languages ______ in that country? -German and English.A. are speakingB. is spokenC. speakD. are spoken（）50. The girl, as well as her parents ________ to the park, and all of them ________ very happy.A. go; areB. goes; feelsC. went; areD. goes; feel2. 语法填空（共24题；共24分）1. I like teachers who________(be) always friendly, helpful and fair to each student.2. Li Lei is interested in English and he ________ (watch) BBC News every day.3. My mother with her friends often ________ (go) shopping on weekends.4. Both she and I________ (be) going to graduate this term.5. Millie said she ________ (visit) her grandparents the day after tomorrow.6.The wealthy girl looks beautiful. She ________ (dress) by a famous dressmaker.7. Mrs. Green ________ (choose) by the volunteer group last year.8. Everyone except Tom and John________(be) there when the meeting began.9.To my surprise, he ________（not realize）his mistakes yet.10. Don't worry. There ________(come) the bus.11. If Nancy ________ (pass) the exam, she will go to Australia for English study.12. Knowledge ________ (be) power.13. I had my finger cut when I ________ (divide) the watermelon into pieces.14. I'll ring you up as soon as I ________ (arrive) there tomorrow,15. Be quiet! A bird ________ (eat) something over there.16.-Could you tell me what you ________ (do) at this time last weekend?-I was studying for the exams.17. We Chinese ________ (encourage) by the touching documentary Amazing China.18. -Waiter, a glass of orange juice, please. -Sorry. Orange juice ________ (serve) only for breakfast.19.The mid-term exam is coming. The students each ________ (study) for the exam at present.20.Those dried flowers ________ (not sell) as well as the fresh ones.21.Every day the supermarket ________ (close) at 9:00 p. m.22.Ten kilometers ________ (seem) a long way for the old people to walk.23. 他不仅英语说得正确，还说得流利。

主谓一致与倒装句主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它要求句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致错误会导致句子的构成混乱，影响语言的准确性和流畅性。

另外，在一些特定的情况下，倒装句也被广泛应用。

本文将详细探讨主谓一致和倒装句的使用规则和例子。

一、主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

一般来说，如果主语是单数第三人称，则谓语动词需要加上-s或-es；如果主语是复数，谓语动词则保持原形。

主谓一致错误的例子如下：1. 错误：He like coffee. (正确：He likes coffee.)2. 错误：The dogs is barking. (正确：The dogs are barking.)二、主谓一致规则1. 单数主语：单数主语需要用单数形式的谓语动词。

例子：- The sun shines brightly.- My friend plays the piano.2. 复数主语：复数主语需要用复数形式的谓语动词。

例子：- The students are studying for the exam.- Cats like to chase mice.3. 不可数名词：不可数名词作为主语时，需要用单数形式的谓语动词。

例子：- Water is essential for life.- Music brings people joy.4. 主语连接词：如果主语由两个或更多的部分组成，用and连接，那么需要用复数形式的谓语动词。

例子：- Tom and Jerry are good friends.- His parents work in a hospital.5. 复数名词指一类事物：当复数名词指代一类事物时，需要用单数形式的谓语动词。

例子：- Mathematics is my favorite subject.- Politics is a sensitive topic.三、倒装句倒装句是指将谓语动词放在主语之前的句子结构。

专题15 主谓一致与倒装句☞考点解读主谓一致与倒装句是初中常见语法项目，时常出现在近几年中考试题中，题型以单项选择为主，在完形填空、句子翻译、句型转化及书面表达也有涉及。

考查以主谓一致的三大原则和常见的倒装句式为主，具体涉及以下考点：1. 主谓一致与倒装句基本概念的理解；2. 语法一致、意义一致及就近原则的具体运用；3.there be句型中的主谓一致问题及倒装现象；4. 常见倒装句式的运用及辨析。

☞知识梳理一、主谓一致在句子中，主语和谓语是句子的核心成分。

主语由具有名词性的词、短语或从句承担，有人称及数的变化；谓语由具有动词性的词、短语承担，常随主语的变化而变化，主语与谓语需在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，常遵循三个原则，即：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。

原则1. 语法一致语法一致是指主语与谓语在语法形式上要保持一致，即：主语单数形式，谓语单数形式；主语复数形式，谓语复数形式。

1. 一般情况下，可数名词的单数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用复数；不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。

例如：My brother is very tall. 我弟弟很高。

【经典例题1】Last Sunday my uncle ________________ at home with me. We were watching TV all day.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致及动词时态。

句意：上周日我和我的叔叔在家，我们一整天都在看电视。

时间状语Last Sunday常与一般过去时连用，谓语动词需用动词的过去式表示，排除C、D；uncle为可数名词单数，谓语动词也应使用单数形式，选A。

2. 连词and或both...and...连接两个名词或代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，谓语动词常用复数形式。

主谓一致和倒装句考点聚焦和精讲【中考主谓一致和倒装句考点聚焦】1、主谓一致（包括：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和邻（就）近一致原则）；2、倒装句。

一主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。

主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和邻（就）近一致原则。

1、语法一致的原则语法一致是指主语和谓语在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也必须采用复数形式。

（1）主语是以下情况时，谓语动词用单数形式：不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句等。

1.Coffee more popular in western countries. 咖啡在西方国家更流行。

2.The girl under the tree my friend. 在树下的女孩是我的朋友。

3.He to school early every morning. 他每天早上上学早4.To work hard necessary for a student. 对于学生来说努力学习是必要的。

5.Doing eye exercises good for your eyes. 做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。

6.What he said not true. 他说的话是不对的。

【注意】what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况下用单数形式，但如果表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词可以用复数形式。

What he left me are some old books. 他留给我的是一些旧书。

（2）主语是可数名词复数、复数代词，谓语动词用复数形式。

1.Some boys playing in the park. 一些男孩在公园里玩。

2.They been swimming for 2 hours. 他们已经游泳两个小时了。

3.主语后接有with, along with, together with, except, but连接另一个主语时，谓I 保持一致）5.集体名词family, team, class, group作主语时，如果表示整体，谓语动词用单数；如果表示个体成员，谓语动词用复数。

例：My family is a small one with 3 people. 我家是一个三口之家的小家庭。

7. A pair of shoes is on the table. 一双鞋子在桌上。

（谓语动词用单数）Two pairs of shoes are on the table. 两双鞋子在桌上。

（谓语动词用复数）8. The teacher and writer is coming to our school. 那位老师兼作家将来我们学校。

（同一个人）The teacher and the writer are coming to our school. 那位老师和那位作家将来我们学校。

(两个人)9.以so, neither开头的倒装句例：Jim watched TV last night. So did I. 吉姆看了电视。

我也看了（提到吉姆和我2人）---- Jim watched TV last night.也没看。

12.表示“某个人有---”，用have, has例：They have some books. （主语不是第三人称单数，用have）特殊疑问句：What do they have? What does she have?主谓一致练习：1. There ________ a lot of rain in this area in August every year.A. isB. areC. wasD. were2. Some of my classmates ________ from other cities.A. comesB. isC. are3. A number of students ________ in the dinning hall.------Let me count. The number of the students ________ about 200.A. are, isB. is, areC. are, are4. Either Mary or he ________ going to Paris. Only one person may go there.A. areB. isC. was5. One of my friends ________ already moved to London.A. doB. doesC. haveD. has6. There _____ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me? ------All right, Mum.A. isB. areC. wasD. were7. How many countries ________ in Europe? ------I’m not sure.A. is itB. is thereC. are theyD. are there8. ________ a pen and two books on the desk.A. There areB. There isC. HaveD. Has9. There ________ some old people taking a walk in the park.A. isB. areC. hadD. have10. Not only Jim but also his sister ________ a few cities in the south since they came to China.A. will visitB. has visitedC. have visitedD. visited11. Both Lily and Lucy ________ to the party yesterday.A. invitedB. was invitedC. had invitedD. were invited12. Everyone except Tom and John ________ there when the meetingbegan.A. areB. isC. wasD. were13. When are you going to Beijing for your holidays?------I haven’t decided. ________ this Sunday ________ next Sunday is OK.A. Both, andB. Either, orC. Neither, norD. Not only, but also14. Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? ------I think ________ them are useful.A. either ofB. none ofC. both ofD. all of15. How many teachers are there in your school? ------About 200. One third of them ________ men teachers.A. haveB. hasC. areD. is16.China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang ________ Goodwill Ambassadors （亲善大使） for Shanghai.A. has been namedB. have been namedC. has namedD. have named17. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. ________ of them are the pride of China.A. BothB. NeitherC. AllD. None18. Listen! Someone ________ outside. A. sing B. sings C. is singing D. are singing19. It rained heavily this morning, but ________ of classmates were away from school.A. neitherB. noneC. allD. both20. A report says hundreds and thousands of trees ________ in the Amazon rainforest（亚马逊雨林） last year.A. was cut downB. have been cut downC. were cut downD. had been cut down21. Not only his parents but also his grandfather ________ to a lot of places of interest in our country since they came here.A. has goneB. has beenC. have goneD. have been22. ________ she or you going to Beijing next week?A. IsB. AreC. WasD. Were23. Three fourths of the earth ________ covered with water.A. areB. isC. wereD. being24. The mother with her little son ________ at my home on that snowy night.A. wereB. wasC. isD. are25. The singer and dancer ________ yet.A. don’t comeB. haven’t comeC. didn’t comeD. hasn’t come26. How many students are there in your school?------________ the students in our school ________ over two thousand.A. The number of, isB. The number of, areC. A number of, isD. A number of, are27. Swimming in the pool with the children ________ very interesting.A. hasB. haveC. areD. is28. Physics（物理） ________ my favorite subject.A. beB. isC. amD. are29. The paper for books and newspapers ________ made from wood.（木头）A. areB. isC. hasD. have倒装句练习：30.Do you think we’ll need a coffee pot（咖啡壶）?I don’t drink coffee, and _____. It’s not necessary. Why not a tea service（茶壶）?A. so do youB. neither you doC. so you doD. neither do you31. Jim wants to take part in the torch relay（火炬接力） of the 2008 Olympic Games.------________.A. So I doB. So do IC. Neither do ID. Nor do I32. Jim works hard at his Chinese and ________.A. so Lucy doesB. so is LucyC. so does LucyD. so Lucy is33. I am interested in science. What about you? ------________.A. So do IB. So am IC. So I am34.I’m going to an amusement par k. ------________.A. So am IB. so are youC. So you areD. So I am35. Jim is trying his best to learn Chinese Kungfu. ------________.A. So does MikeB. So is MikeC. So Mike doesD. So Mike is36.How well Anna dances! I can’t believe my eyes! ------________.A. So she doesB. So does sheC. Neither can sheD. So can I37. In recent（最近的） years, more and more Americans like traveling during holidays. ------________.A. So do we ChineseB. So will we ChineseC. So we Chinese doD. So we Chinese will38.Lily’s not visited many places of great interest in China. ________.A. So has her twin sisterB. Neither is her twin sisterC. Neither has her twin sisterD. So her twin sister has39.You’ve left the light on. ------________. I’ll go and turn it off.A. So I haveB. So do IC. Nor have ID. Neither I do40. David has made great progress recently.（近来） ------________, and ________.A. So he has, so have youB. So he has, so you haveC. So has he, so you haveD.So has he, so have you41.Mr. Watson won’t be here next week, and ________.A.neither will his wifeB. neither his wife won’tC. his wife won’t neitherD. hiswife will either主谓一致和倒装句答案：1到20题 ACABD ADBBB DCBCC BACBC21到40题 BABBD ADBBD BCBAB AACAA A。

中考英语专题复习之主谓一致和倒装句一、主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。

1.语法一致原则指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

a.单数名词、不定式、动名词、不定代词、从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；b.主语后接with,along with,as well as,including,besides,like,except,but等短语时，谓语动词的单复数只与介词前的名词有关。

c.常以复数形式出现的名词（shoes,clothes,glasses,gloves等）作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数，但这些名词前被a pair of修饰时，谓语动词需用单数。

d.a number of+名词复数(许多)，作主语，谓语用复数；the number of+名词复数（…的数量），作主语，谓语用单数。

e.the +形容词，表示一类人，作主语，谓语用复数；f.a lot of,lots of,plenty of+名词,分数/百分数+of+名词作主语,谓语动词与后面的名词保持一致；g.在定语从句中，关系代词that,who,which等作主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致；h.在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语保持一致；i.不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

j.and或both…and…连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

k.单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词作主语，谓语用复数形式。

2.意义一致原则指谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。

a.police,people等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；b.news,physics,maths以及以s结尾的书名、国名作主语时，谓语用单数；c.由and连接的两个名词作主语,指同一概念时,谓语用单数. The doctor and writer is very famous.d.书名、报纸名、国家等复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数；e.one and a half后接名词复数作主语时,谓语用单数；One and a half cakes is a good meal for him.f.表度量、价格、时间、长度的复数名词作主语时，通常被看做一个整体，谓语用单数。

掌握英语中的主谓一致和倒装语序的使用英语是世界上最广泛使用的语言之一，掌握好英语语法是学习和运用英语的基础。

在英语语法中，主谓一致和倒装语序是两个常见但容易出错的问题。

本文将详细介绍主谓一致和倒装语序的使用，帮助读者更好地运用英语。

一、主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

具体来说，当主语是单数时，谓语动词要用单数形式；当主语是复数时，谓语动词要用复数形式。

例如：- She likes to read books.（她喜欢读书。

）- They are playing basketball.（他们正在打篮球。

）主谓一致的错误常见于复合主语、连接词和不定代词等情况下。

在处理这些情况时，需要注意以下几点：1. 复合主语：当主语由两个或更多个名词组成时，谓语动词的形式取决于最靠近谓语动词的名词。

例如：- The dog and the cat are sleeping.（狗和猫正在睡觉。

）- His parents and his sister are coming.（他的父母和他的妹妹要来了。

）2. 连接词：当主语由连接词连接时，谓语动词的形式取决于连接词后面的名词。

例如：- Neither the teacher nor the students are here.（既不是老师也不是学生在这里。

）- Either the book or the pen is on the table.（要么书在桌子上，要么钢笔在桌子上。

）3. 不定代词：一些不定代词作为主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于不定代词所表示的数量。

例如：- Everyone is invited to the party.（每个人都受邀参加派对。

）- Some of the apples are rotten.（一些苹果是烂的。

）二、倒装语序倒装语序是指把谓语动词放在主语之前的语序。

倒装语序常用于以下几种情况：1. 否定词位于句首：当句子以否定词开头时，为了强调否定的意思，谓语动词和主语要倒装。

主谓一致一.语法一致原则主语和谓语通常要在语法形式上取得一致。

即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也用单数形式，主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也用复数形式。

1.当and 或both and 连接两个或三个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

Tom and Mike are good friends . Both Lucy and Lily are students .2.不定代词either, neither, each one, the other, another anybody,everything, nothing,no one, nobody,等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Is anything wrong with your bike ?3.由each, each…and , each… every…and , every…作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Each boy and each girl was given a new book .4.主语后面接有with,along with ,together with , as well as , no lessthan ,more than , including , besides, like , except , but 等词或短语时，谓语动词的数由主语的单复数决定。

Mr Green with his wife and his two daughters is coming to Beijing .5.a number of +名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

Thenumber of +名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

A number of trees are cut down . the number of students in our class is32.6. a lot of ,lots of, plenty of, a pile of ,piles of , most of后加名词，分数或百分数+名词，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词，如果名词是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式，如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。

专题十二主谓一致和倒装句知识清单一、语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是负数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。

1.当and或both…and…连接两个或多个名词作主语时，谓语动词复数形式。

如：Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。

Both Lucy and Lily are student.路西和莉莉都是学生。

2.不定代词either,neither,eachone,the other,another,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,erery one, everybody, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。

如：Is there anything wrong with your bike?你的自行车有毛病吗？Everyone is ready for sports meeting.大家都为运动做好啦准备。

3.由each, each… and , each…,every…and,every…作主语时，所谓动词单数形式。

如：Each boy and each girl was given a new book.给每一个男孩每一个女孩一本新书。

4.主语后接有with，long with，together with，as well as, no less than, more than, including, besides, like, except, but等词或短语时，谓语动词的单数形式由主语的单数形式决定。

如：Mr. Green with his wife and two daughter is coming to Beijing.格林先生将和她的夫人及两个女儿一块来北京。

中考英语之主谓一致和倒装句1. and和both---and---连接两个主语时，谓语用复数。

例：Both Lucy and Lily are students. Lily和Lucy两个都是学生。

2.不定代词either/ each/ every 和复合不定代词作主语时，谓语用单数。

neither和none作主语时，谓语用单数复数都可以。

例：Each boy has a new book. 每个孩子都有一本新书。

There is something wrong with your bike. 你的自行车有毛病。

3. 就前一致主语后接有with, along with, together with, except, but 连接另一个主语时，谓语动词与最前面的主语保持一致。

例：Mr Green with his wife is coming to Beijing. 格林先生和他的妻子一起将来北京。

No one but I knows the thing. 除了我，没有人知道那件事。

All except Harry have passed the driving test. 除了Harry，所有人都通过了驾驶考试。

3.就近一致either---or---或者，或者neither---nor--- 两者都不, not only--- but also---不但---，而且---, not---but---, 不是---，而是---，or 或者以上这些词连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。

例：Neither her sister nor Mary is going to the park tomorrow. （is和最近的主语Mary保持一致）Not only my parents but also I am interested in sports. （am和最近的主语I 保持一致）4 集体名词family, team, class, group crowd, company, government作主语时，如果表示整体，谓语动词用单数；如果表示个体成员，谓语动词用复数。

中考重点主谓一致与倒装句的转换中考重点：主谓一致与倒装句的转换一、主谓一致主谓一致是指在句子中主语与谓语动词在人称和数方面保持一致。

主谓一致的错误是中考中常见的语法错误之一。

下面以一些例子来说明主谓一致的用法。

1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词保持一致：- The girl sings every day.（主语是单数，谓语动词也是单数）- He runs in the park.（主语是单数，谓语动词也是单数）2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词保持一致：- The boys play soccer after school.（主语是复数，谓语动词也是复数）- They study hard for the exam.（主语是复数，谓语动词也是复数）3. 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加上-s、-es、-ies等变化：- She watches TV every evening.（主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词加上-s）- Tom teaches English at the university.（主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词不加-s）4. 当主语是不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式：- Water is important for our health.（主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式）- The information is useful in our research.（主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式）二、倒装句倒装句是指将句子的主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒，常用于强调句子中的某个部分或者表示某种情态。

下面以一些例子来说明倒装句的用法。

1. 将助动词或情态动词放在句首，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- Can you swim?（原句：You can swim.）- Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.（原句：I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.）2. 将表示地点的副词或介词短语放在句首，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- In the garden stood a tall tree.（原句：A tall tree stood in the garden.）- On the table lies a book.（原句：A book lies on the table.）3. 当句子以否定词开头时，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- Never have I been to Paris.（原句：I have never been to Paris.）- Under no circumstances should you give up.（原句：You should not give up under no circumstances.）4. 在某些特定句型中，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- Little did I know about his plan.（原句：I knew little about his plan.）- Not only does she study English, but she also learns French.（原句：She not only studies English, but she also learns French.）总结：中考重点在于理解和运用主谓一致和倒装句。

主谓一致和倒装【用法讲解】考试要求：从学英语开始就涉及主语和谓语的一致性，是英语学习及考查的基础，从单项选择到书面表达，都可能涉及到主谓一致的问题，是中考试卷必考题目。

主谓一致就是句子的谓语动词形式在人称和数上必须和句子的主语保持一致，叫主谓一致。

这种关系一般要遵循三个原则：语法上一致的原则；意义上一致的原则和就近一致的原则。

倒装句因为与汉语语言习惯的不同和较多的句型结构而成为初中英语的难点，虽然初中英语涉及到的倒装句型不算太多，在中考试卷中也总有一定的比例，尤其在阅读理解和完形填空中对上下文的理解会有很大的影响，因此也是中考复习的重点。

1. 语法一致原则谓语和主语通常从语法形式上取得一致，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也为复数形式。

如：The boy is clever enough to study maths well. 这个男孩够聪明，可以把数学学好。

Everybody in my class tries to do well in English. 我们班每个人都努力学好英语。

（1）下列情况谓语动词只能用单数：1）不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：Water is very important to the trees. 水对树来说非常重要。

2）动词不定式或者动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：To improve your English is the most important work.提高你的英语是最重要的工作。

Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。

3）不定代词each，one，another，something，somebody，nothing，nobody，everyone，everything，anyone，anything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

主谓一致和倒装句【考点 1】语法一致原则语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。

用法1. 不行数名词、 可数名词单数、 单数代词、 不定式 (短语 ) 、动名词 (短语 )、从句等用作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

2. 表示复数的名词、代词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

3. 表示重量、胸怀、时间、长度、价钱、数学运算 等的词或短语作主语时， 往常视为一个整体， 谓语动词用 单数形式。

即主语是单数形式， 谓语动词用单例句The girl is fond of singing. To protect the environment is our duty.Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.That he has won the game is known to us all.The students are having their math class.They have been to Qingdao twice.Two months is a long holiday.Two hundred dollars gives Jack much help.4. both and 连 接主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

5. 有些只有复数形式的名词 (如 glasses, shorts, trousers, jeans, shoes, clothes, gloves 等 )作主语时， 谓语动词用复数形式。

6. “a number of +复数名词 ”作主语，谓语动词用 复数 形式； “the number of +复数名词 ”作主语， 谓语动词用 单数 形式。

7. 不定代词 another, each one, either, neither, the other,somebody, someone, something, nobody, everybody, everyone, everything, nothing, anybody, anything, anyone, no one 等作主语时，谓语动词用 单数 形式。

中考英语专题清单：主谓一致和倒装句所谓“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。

主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”方面的一致,这种一致常由三种不同的原则所支配即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

英语句子中的主语通常在谓语动词之前,这种语序称为自然语序;反之,如果谓语动词在主语之前,这种语序就称为倒装语序。

倒装语序又分为部分倒装和完全倒装。

知识1：语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式时。

谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。

1.由and成both...and...连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

（若连接的是不可数名词，谓语动词也用复数形式）Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。

Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是学生。

例：Journey to the West is interesting. Both my father and my sister ___the book very much.A.likesB.likeC.dislike解析：句意《西游记》很有趣。

我爸爸和我姐姐都非常喜欢这本书。

根据interesting 可知,他们喜欢这本书,both... and 连接主语时谓语动词用复数,故选B。

2.用"one, every one, each one, any one, each, either neither等+of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

Every one of the students is studying hard.每个学生都在用功读书。

Neither of the girls is pretty.这两个女孩都不漂亮。

3.不定代词either, neither, each, the other, another, anybody, anyone , anything, someone , somebody , something, everyone, everybody , everything , nobody , no one,nothing 等在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

中的倒装句与主谓一致倒装句与主谓一致在英语语法中，倒装句与主谓一致是两个常见的语法现象。

倒装句在构造上与正常语序（主语+谓语）不同，而主谓一致则是指主语与谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。

本文将详细介绍倒装句与主谓一致的用法及示例。

一、什么是倒装句倒装句是指将谓语动词放在主语之前的句子结构。

一般而言，倒装句的常见情形有以下几种：1. 在以副词或短语开头的句子中，如："Had I known the truth, I would have acted differently." （如果我早知道真相，我会采取不同的行动。

）"Under no circumstances can you leave the building." （在任何情况下，你都不能离开大楼。

）2. 在以介词短语开头的句子中，如："On the table sits a beautiful vase." （桌子上摆着一个漂亮的花瓶。

）"In front of the house stood a tall tree." （房子前面矗立着一棵高大的树。

）3. 在表示否定意义的副词或短语放在句首时，如："Never have I seen such a breathtaking sunset." （我从未见过如此美丽的日落。

）"Little did he know about their plans." （他对他们的计划一无所知。

）二、倒装句的作用和表达方式倒装句的主要作用是为了强调句子中的某一成分，增强语气或改变句子的结构。

根据不同的句型和语法规则，倒装句的表达方式可以是完全倒装、部分倒装或否定倒装。

1. 完全倒装完全倒装是指将整个谓语动词与主语调换位置，形成倒装句。

例如："Can you swim?" → "Swim you can?" （你会游泳吗？→ 你能游泳吗？）"Is he coming?" → "Coming is he?" （他要来吗？→ 他要来吗？）2. 部分倒装部分倒装是指将助动词、情态动词或系动词与主语调换位置，而将实义动词或其他成分保持不变。

初中英语必备语法词汇▏主谓一致与倒装句001——主谓一致初中作为英语学习的关键时期，打好基础，学好语法，背会单词，尤为重要！下面笑笑老师为大家整理了初中英语语法和词汇的必考点，还有相关经典真题，希望可以帮到大家！第一讲：主谓一致与倒装句 001主谓一致主谓一致和There be结构是各省市中考必考语言点之一。

从考查形式上看有单项选择、（短文）改错等题型。

考查内容主要有名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定代词作主语等与谓语动词数的一致；There be结构的并列主语与be的一致；There be与have 的区别；There be结构的反意疑问句；There be结构的各种时态等。

分值通常在2～4分。

从命题意图看，侧重考查考生在具体语言环境中使用名词、不定代词和There be结构的能力。

不可数名词，不定代词either, neither, each, both, something, anything, nothing，并列连词neither...nor, either...or, not only...but also, both...and等并列名词或代词作主语时与谓语动词数的一致；There be结构与have的区别，There be结构中并列主语数的一致，There be结构的反意疑问句等是近年和今后的考查热点。

1．下列情况下，主语是复数形式，而谓语动词要用单数形式。

（1）“the number of+复数名词”作主语，表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数。

但是“a number of+复数名词”作主语，表示“许多……”，谓语动词用复数。

如：A number of other plants were found in America. 在美洲还发现了许多别的植物。

/The number of people who travel by plane in China is larger than ever before. 在中国乘飞机旅行的人数比以前增多了。