英语4第三次形成性练习
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The officer asked his men to D the rope of the arrested spy.A) lose B) rouse C) close D) looseThe politician condemned the proposed law on ___D___ grounds.A) mortal B) morale C) model D) moralOur neighbors have been doing a lot of gardening ___C___ in order to take part in the coming City Garden Contest.A. lateB. latterC. latelyD. latestThey found that the dial recorded very slight _B_____ in pressureA) adjustments B) modifications C) varieties D) variationsThe girl didn't want to work for a big __B____ where everything was so impersonal.A) coordination B) corporation C) cooperation D) operationThe mother watched this new soldier, namely his son, C from sight in the distance. A) vanished B) disappointed C) disappeared D) disappearThe snake __A____ into the house from the open window and attack the chickens.A) crawled B) climbed C) crept D) peepedIn order to allow his body to __C____ to the change in pressure the diver must com e to the surface slowly from deep water.A. alertB. adoptC. adjustD. improveTom's parents were glad that their son’s modest business eventually had _B_____ into a multinational company.A. extendedB. expandedC. exploitedD. exploredWe will try our best to help you whenever needed; you can rest __D____ .A. insuredB. ensuredC. reassuredD. assuredMany families use ___B___ as the holy Christm as trees.A) holy B) holly C) wholly D) hollowThey went out to ___C___ as soon as they arrived at the town.A. expandB. extendC. exploreD. exploitThe man said that he was bound by a scientist's code of __B____.A) ethnic B) eternal C) ethics D) ethnologyJohn thought that it was D for a man to walk in his sleep.A) normal B) usual C) common D) abnormalThe hostess of the airplane ___B___ the passengers that there was no danger.A. insuredB. ensuredC. assuredD. assumedInterests of the __C____ should be placed above our personal interests.A) joint B) common C) collective D) mutualI found, after a week's __B____, the dog and the cat living in harmony.A) conservation B) observation C) operation D) obsessionDue to health concerns, the Prime Minister __B____ that he would soon resign.A) denounced B) announced C) bounced D) deducedIn her conversation class, the teacher told the students to ___C___ their talk to the topic.A) confine B) condense C) restrict D) restrainWhen she asked her husband, ―Who is that woman in our bedroom?‖, there was a __C____ sense of embarrassm ent in the air.A. separateB. distinctiveC. distinctD. dividedAs is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. If a firm wants to 1E a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the 2C of its employees. In job evaluation, all of the requirements is given a value, usually in ― points‖, which are ad ded together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without A3 to an evaluation system based on points.In B4 to design a pay system, the Personal Departm ent should compare the value of each job with these in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply. It is necessary that payment for a job should 5H with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen where measurement is difficult and methods of additional payment are employed.Imagine the scene. You’re sitting in the hot sunshine beside the swimming pool of your international luxury hotel, drinking your imported whiskey. In front of you is the beach, reserved for hotel guests with motorboats for hire. Behind you is an 18-hole golf course, which was cleared from the native forest and is kept green by hundreds of water sprinklers.Around the hotel are familiar international restaurant chains and the same shops that you have at home. You’ve seen some local people; some of them sell local handicrafts outside the hotel. You bought a small wooden statue and after arguing for half an hour you only paid a quarter of what the man was asking. Really cheap!Is this your idea of heaven or would you prefer something different?Nowadays, many of us try to live in a way that will damage the environment as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles, we take public transport to get to work, we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables and we stopped using aerosol sprays years ago. And we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming more popular all over the world.But what is ecotourism?There are lots of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, alternative tourism, sustainable tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more. Ecotourism probably involves a little of all of them. Everyone has a different definition but most people agree that ecotourism must:1. conserve the wildlife and culture of the area;2. benefit the local people and involve the local community;3. be sustainable, that is, make a profit without destroying natural resources;4. provide an experience that tourists want to pay for.So for example, in a true ecotourism project, a nature reserve allows a small number of tourists to visit its rare animals and uses the money that is generated to continue with important conservation work. The local people have jobs in the nature reserve as guides and wardens, but also have a voice in how the project develops. Tourists stay in local houses with local people, not in specially built hotels. So they experience the local culture and do not take precious energy and water away from the local population. They travel on foot, by boat, bicycle or elephant so that there is no pollution. And they have a special experience that they will remember all of their lives.This type of tourism can only involve small numbers of people so it can be expensive. But you can apply the principles of ecotourism wherever you go for your holiday. Just remember these basic rules.Be prepared. Learn about the place that you’re going to visit. Find out abou t its culture and history. Learn a little of the native language, at least basics like “Please”, “Thank you”, and “Good Morning”. Think of your holiday as an opportunity to learn something.Have respect for local culture. Wear clothes that will not offend people. Always ask permission before you take a photograph. Remember that you are a visitor.Don’t waste resources. If the area doesn’t have much water, don’t take two showers every day.Remember the phrase “Leave nothing behind you except foot prints and take nothing away except photographs.” Take as much care of the places that you visit as you take of your own home. Don’t buy souvenirs made from endangered animals or plants.Walk or use other non-polluting forms of transport whenever you can.Be flexible and keep a sense of humor when things go wrong.Stay in local hotels and eat in local restaurants. Buy local products whenever possible andpay a fair price for what you buy.Choose your holiday carefully. Don’t be afraid to as k the holiday company about what they do that is “eco”. Remember that “eco” is very fashionable today and a lot of holidays that are advertised as ecotourism are not much better than traditional tourism.But before you get too enthusiastic, think about how you are going to get to your dream “eco” paradise. Flying is one of the biggest man-made sources of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Friends of the Earth say that one return flight from London to Miami puts as much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as the average British car driver produces in a year. So don’t forget that you don’t have to fly to exotic locations for your “eco” holiday. There are probably places of natural beauty and interest in your own country that you’ve never visited. Statements:1. The author does approve of the traditional concept of an ideal tour.2. Nowadays, alternative tourism is becoming more popular because of governments’ environmental polices.3. Ecotourism is the short form for “economical tourism”.4. Ecotourism benefits the local community, the wildlife, and the natural resources as well as the tourists.5.True ecotourist projects may help tourists really experience the local culture.6. It is advisable that tourists learn about the place they visit, about its culture and history, and learn a little of the native language there.7. Don’t take away, or destroy/damage anything of the place you visit, nor buy souvenirs made from rare animals or plants.8. True ecotourism involves as little polluting forms of transport as possible..9. Make complaints to the local government if your civil rights are violated while sightseeing.10. Not all advertised eco-tours by holiday companies are eco-tours in its true sense. FFFTTTFTNTEurope has experienced enormous upheavals (剧变) this century. Wars, revolutions, separations and elections have changed the political map of the continent countless times. And with each change, power has shifted, creating new winners and new losers.But for one group – the gypsies – change has always meant losing. With each upheaval, the gypsies have been left worse off than they were before. Yet they have survived to become Europe’s largest minority. Moreover, they have succeeded in preserving their cultu re and their way of life in the face of genocide (种族灭绝), political persecution (迫害) and poverty.In other cases where minorities have survived similar persecutions – like Jews during World War II, or Blacks in South Africa – their cause has received international support. By contrast, the gypsies’ success at preserving their culture is not regarded as an achievement at all. Instead, it's viewed as proof they are both unwilling and unable to change, and therefore irredeemable (不可救药的). Indeed, in 1993, an European country president openly attacked their way of life and said steps should be taken ―to curtail (减少，剥夺) the extended reproduction of this socially unacceptable and mentally backward population‖.If such a thing had been said about any other minority, the political outcry would have been enormous. But, because the Slovak President was referring to gypsies, there were fewcomplaints except from a few small organizations who try to protect gypsies’ human rights. There is little chance that attitudes towards gypsies will change, at least in the foreseeable future. Protection under human rights’ laws might come if Eastern Europe countries join the European Union. Such laws will never be enough to put an end to centuries of discrimination, but for the t ime being, they are the gypsies’ best hope.B1. Which can be served as the best title of this passage?A) The Changes of GypsiesB) The Attitudes towards GypsiesC) Lost SurvivorsD) The Inheritors of the CultureA2. Which is true during the process of the enormous upheavals in Europe?A) Life of gypsies has not been bettered.B) There didn’t appear any winners and losers.C) Gypsies’ way of life has not been preserved.D) Power has not been changed.B3. What do the gypsies most eagerly hope for at present?A) Inhabiting in East Europe.B) Human rights’ laws.C) Joining European Union.D) Preserving their culture.A4. Which statement is NOT true of gypsies?A) Gypsies’ miserable social status aroused great sympathies all over the world.B) There will not be any substantial change in the attitude towards gypsies.C) Gypsies are the largest minority people in Europe.D) Gypsies have not received the same international support as Jews and Blacks do.D5. It can be inferred from the passage that _____ .A) human rights’ laws are effective in stopping the discriminationB) most gypsies are living in Eastern Europe nowadaysC) discrimination against gypsies will be stopped in the near futureD) gypsies are regarded as the lowest race in the worldHe’s a real __slippery____ guy; I wouldn’t lend him any money. (slip)Tom bought a new pair of __ slipper ____ yesterday. (slip)I haven’t started writing the article yet. I’m still waiting for something_inspirational_____. (inspiration)There were sharp contrasts between Princess Diana and ___prince___ Charles who was 17 years older than Diana. (princess)I’m afraid we _underestimate _____ his abilities----he is doing much better than we had expected. (estimate)The employer said that he had actually _____ the employees, for they did much less work than he had demanded and expected. (pay)Arriving home, the mother found the rooms in __disordered ____ condition, for her ten-year-old daughter had cleaned up the house!. (disorder)After his parents died in the accident, the little boy lived a poor and __solitary____ life. (solitude)Renowned worldwide for her painting, she still refused to put herself in the ______ (ground). Many stores have special sale on the day after Christmas, when shoppers hit the stores in search of ______ bargains. (Christmas)Nobody could have __told____ that it would lead to the invention of the transistor. (tell) This article discusses the contribution of sociologists to __ post-war ____ reconstruction. (war)Because of ___ sufficient ___ evidence, the case was dismissed. (sufficient)Because of their massive __ superior s____ in numbers, they won the battle. (superior) People criticize that __ social ____ research just tries to prove what most people with common sense already know. (social)As soon as we entered, the light went out and the entire hall sank into complete__darkness____. (dark)One of his big problems is the ______ of confidence when he is faced with difficulties. (adequate)Now the number of divorce has been on the rise for years. (divorce)The decline in employment rate made the job hunters very depressed . (depression) Because of the increasing prices, the currency of the country became unvalued . (value)Unite 1{1}DirectionsFor many women choosing whether to work or not to work outside their home is a luxury; they must work to____1___. Others face a hard decision. One husband said, ― Marge and I decided after careful consideration that for her to go back to work at this moment was an extravagance (奢侈) . We simply couldn’t afford it.‖ With two preschool children, it soon became clear in their figuring that with babysitters, transportation, and increased taxes, rather than having more money, they might actually end up with less.Economic factors are usually the first to be ___2___, but they are not the most important. The most important aspects of the decision have to do with the ___3____ needs of each member of the family. It is in this area that husbands and w ives find themselves having to face many confusing and conflicting feelings.There are many women who find that homemaking is boring or who feel __4____ if they have to stay home with a young child or several children. On the other hand, there are women who think that hom emaking gives them the deepest satisfaction.From my own experience, I would like to suggest that sometimes the decision to go back to work is made in too much haste. There are few decisions that I now ___5___ more. I wasn’t m ature enough to see how much I could have gained at home. I regret my impatience to get on with my career. I wish I had allowed myself the luxury of watching the world through my little girl’s eyes.{2}{3}Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1. It is test _____ to judge a person’s ability only by the result of his written examin ations.A) loving B) warshipping C) admiring D) worshipping2. He was ______ murder and sentenced to deathA) accused of B) blamed C) responsible for D) guilty of3. There are two _____ rooms in this house, which are meant for rent.A) empty B) vacant C) blank D) unoccupied4. I am fed up! I’ve been ____ of catching the same bus, doing the same work and meeting the same people everyday!A) boring B) tiring C) hated D) bored5. Her way of walking is quite_____ from that of her sisters.A) distinctive B) clear C) distinct D) unique6. We made a _____ examination of the jewel before we decided to buy it.A) little B) small C) tiny D) minute7. I borrowed a lot of interesting books from the public library for my son in order to ____ his interest in reading.A) support B) sustain C) carry on D) improve8. If no one _____, we will have a picnic this Saturday.A) opposes B) agrees C) objects D) protests9. Those books I ordered still haven’t come; I will have to ____ the manager about them.A) chase B) pursue C) tell D) blame10. If you can’t _____ your absence from the class, you will be punished.A) prove B) justify C) testify D) explain(Key: 1-5 D A B D C 6-10 D B C A B){4}Directions:Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word forms of the words given in the brackets.1. To raise the yield of crops, _____ farming is very important. (intense)2. When people came to get the boy out of the water, he was already_____. (drowning)3. The bus broke down on my way to school; as a result, I missed Mr. Johnson’s history class, but it was a _____absence. (justify)4. The tyrant’s _____ enraged all the people in his country and finally a rebellion broke out. (cruel)5. She owes her success to _____ hard work. (sustain)6. If no one has any _____, I will declare the meeting closed. (object)7. The police reported that three men and a woman were involved in the bank _____ last week. (rob)8. Experts have _____ the possibility of a second earthqua ke in the area.(count)9. Those events are just a /an____ memory now.(distinct)10.Our students are being _____ by his extreme right wing ideas! (contamination)Key:1,intensive 2,drowned 3,justifiable 4,cruelty 5,sustained 6,objections7,robbery 8,discounted 9,indistinct 10,contaminated{5}英译汉1．They develop a style that agents market aggressively to hasten popularity, and their ride on the express elevator to the top is a blur.2．The public simply discounts styles other than those for which the artist has become famous.Key: 1．答案：他们形成自己的风格，为了迅速走红，其经纪人极力吹捧他们这种风格，他们青云直上的过程让人雾里看花。
