液压油缸部件 中英对照 hydraulic cylinder

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滞环Threshold灵敏度Lap紺后Pressure gain用力增益Null事位Null bias 牢僞Null shift 牢9；Frequency response 频卓响丿屯Stope曲线貂坡液JR系狡<hydraulic system)执行元件(actuator)fUtJKtX (cylinder) •• (motor)液JKIOIHt (circuil)用力捽制冋陆(pressure control > iiS (速段)挖制I训略(speed conUolJ方向挖制同陆(drecbonal valve control) 虫全冋ft (security control)定位冋幣(position control)何步I训帰(synchronise circuit)噸序动作刚常(sequeunt circuit)液斥泵(pump) 阀(valve)(pressure vedve) ((towvalve) (directional valve)液JEM ft (accessory)甘通阀(common valve)播塢阀(cartridge valve)Atni阀(superimposed v£dve)。

20系列泵马达中英文名称对照表序号英文名称中文名称1servo valve assembly控制阀总成2charge pump cw补油泵charge pump ccw3servo cylinder伺服油缸4servo piston伺服活塞5front cover前端盖6pump housing泵壳体7end cap后端盖8swash plate斜盘架9check valve单向阀10cylinder barrel housing缸体11piston assembly柱塞滑靴12bearing plate衬板(支承盘) 13retainer guide球铰14slipper retainer回程盘15spring retainer缸体弹簧上片16spring seat缸体弹簧下片17spring guide缸体弹簧衬套18bearing plate pilot衬板定位环19pin缸体衬板定位销20cylinder barrel spring缸体中心弹簧21retainer spring球铰弹簧22retaining ring中心弹簧卡簧23thrust plate止推盘24valve plate CW 配油盘valve plate CCW 配油盘25trunnion耳轴端盖26seal retainer组合密封铝盘27rotating seal组合密封铜环28stationary seal组合密封钢环29drive shaft主轴30servo link伺服油缸连杆31sleeve retainer伺服油缸定位半环片32spring guide伺服油缸弹簧压套33shim轴承调整垫片34washer伺服油缸弹簧压套螺栓垫片35orifice控制阀节流片36spacer控制手柄衬环37control handle控制手柄38loop吊装勾片39cap塑料盖（AB油口）40no型号标牌41control valve gasket控制阀密封垫片42charge pump gasket补油泵密封垫片43shim pack耳轴调整垫片44end cap gasket后端盖密封垫片45front cover gasket前端盖密封垫片46no47seal spring组合密封弹簧48servo spring伺服油缸弹簧49nut控制阀螺栓50plastic plug塑料盖（回油口）51plug堵头52expander 05堵塞53expander 09堵塞54hex head screw控制阀六角螺栓55hex head screw补油泵螺栓56no57hex head screw前端盖螺栓（短）58end cap screw后端盖螺栓（短）59end cap screw后端盖螺栓（长）60screw伺服弹簧紧固螺栓61hex head screw耳轴六角螺栓62pin控制阀和斜盘连杆销63pin活塞和斜盘连杆销64drive screw组合密封静环定位销65pin配油盘定位销66pin前端盖定位销67retaining ring前轴端卡簧68retaining ring斜盘销轴的卡簧69retaining ring斜盘销轴的卡簧70o-ring O-形圈(耳轴)71o-ring O-形圈(密封静环) 72o-ring O-形圈(泵壳螺丝堵) 73o-ring O-形圈(密封动环) 74o-ring O-形圈(伺服油缸外) 75o-ring O-形圈(伺服油缸外小) 76o-ring O-形圈(壳体后端面) 77bearing前轴承78bearing后轴承79bearing耳轴轴承80washer后端盖垫圈81washer控制阀螺栓垫片82washer控制手柄螺母垫片83drive screw标牌铆钉84washer耳轴端盖螺栓垫片85link swashplate斜盘销轴86socket head screw伺服油缸锁片螺钉87o-ring O型圈88NO89hex head screw六角螺栓(前端盖 长) 90cylinder barrel set回转体组合件91set of sealings维修包92shaft sealings set主轴组合密封。

液压启闭机主要元件中英文对照表（供技术人员参考）机械 machinery液压启闭机：hydraulic hoist 产品：products J型油封：J-type sealing液压缸：hydraulic cylinder 支撑套：support boss接力器油缸：servomotor 压环：pressure ring/clamping ring/junk ring产品备件：spare parts: 缸筒：cylinder shell吊头：clevis, lifting lug 活塞杆：piston rod轴承压盖：bearing cover 刮污圈：scraper法兰：flange 组合密封：bonded seals缸头：cylinder head 机架：stander轴套：bush 支铰：support /bracket挡圈：back-up ring, anti-extrusion ring 底座：pad弹簧垫圈：lock washer/spring washer /spring packing ring下盖：lower cover上盖：upper cover 活塞杆导向套：piston-rod guider锁紧螺母：lock nut 导套：guider/pilot sleeve/riderV型组合(密封)圈：V-ring 防尘圈：dust proof ring/dust ring/wiperO型（密封）圈：O-ring 沉头螺钉：sunk screw/flat (counter sunk)head screw 密封垫：washer, gasket 螺钉；screw承重活塞：bearing piston 螺栓；螺杆：bolt活塞导向套：piston rod guider 螺帽；螺母：nut半活塞：semi-piston 密封压套(密封压盖，密封套)：gland开度仪：position sensor/sensor 镀锌：galvanization内置式位移传感器（开度仪）：built-in/embedded/inside/closed position sensor 镀铬：chromium plating启门力：lifting force 支座：support saddle闭门力：closing force 启门速度：opening speed工作行程：working stroke 闭门速度：closing speed全行程：full stroke 工作压力：work pressure表孔弧门：spillway radial gate深孔弧门：low level outlet radial gate底孔弧门：bottom radial gate进水口：intake wheel gate平板门：flap gate液压 hydraulic测压排气接头：pressure detecting and air-relief joints 排气阀：air-relief valve测压接头：pressure detecting joints 高压球阀：high pressure spherical/ ball valve 集成组件；集成块：integrated package 集成块（阀块）：integration block控制柜：control cabinet/ control panel 电磁阀：solenoid valve油箱：oil tank 溢流阀：relief valve电液组合件：hydraulic package, subassembly 压力继电器：pressure switch/ pressure relay 过滤器：filter 接头：fitting装配：mounting/ assembling电机：motor软管 hose/ flexible pipe空气滤清器 air filter液位计liquid level gauge/ tank level indicator 插件 plug-in unit节流阀 throttle valve节流叠加阀 throttle modular valve康明斯 Cummins额定压力 Rated pressure液压泵站 Hydraulic pump station泵：pump单向阀 check valve截止阀shut-off valve/ stop valve蝶阀 butterfly valve回油过滤器air return filter温度计 Thermometer/ temperature gauge压力表 pressure gauge盖板 cover plate插装阀 logic valve压力控制阀 pressure controls流量控制阀 flow controls自动调温器Thermostat电气 electrical双电源切换装置 double power conversion device 软启 soft-starter断路器 breaker空气断路器 air breaker控制回路 control circuit解扣回路 tripping circuit中间继电器 intermediate relay热过载继电器thermal overload relay电磁接触器 Magnetic contactor触摸屏touch screen指示灯 indicator light/ indication lamp按钮 push button选择开关 select switch蜂鸣器 buzzer远方remote现地local手动 manual自动 automatic开关电源switching power supply整流桥 rectification bridge温湿度控制器Temperature and humidity controller 插座 socket加热器 heater主电源main power备用电源 standby power/ spare power控制方式 control mode电机选择 motor select电机运行 motor running离散量输入 discrete input离散量输出 discrete output 纠偏 rectify左纠 left rectify右纠 right rectify切除 removal启门 open gate闭门 close gate停门stop gate上限 upper limit下限 lower limit全开 full opened全关 full closed急停 emergency stop报警alarm压力过高pressure too high压力过低pressure too low液位过高 level too high液位过低 level too low油温过高oil temperature too high油温过低oil temperature too low滤油器堵塞 oil filter cloggedPLC失电PLC power loss系统故障 system fault系统建压system load系统卸荷 system unload压力异常 pressure abnormal电机过载 motor overload闸门开度gate opening/ position闸门下滑 gate downslide三相电压检测three phase voltage detection 电柜附件 panel accessory模拟量输入 analog input模拟量输出 analog output复位reset接触器 contactor电流互感器 current transformer电流表ampere meter/ current meter 电压表 voltmeter德力西 DELIXI正泰 CHNT步科 Kinco维伦 WEINVIEW开度仪表 position display监控系统 monitor system控制电缆 control cable接地系统 Grounding system颜色标志 Color coding 端子排 Terminal block接线端子 Connection terminal24V直流电源 DC24V power变压器transformer现地控制系统 local control system施耐德Schneider系统运行方式system operation mode明纬 MEAN WELL欧姆龙 OMRON转换开关 change-over switch人机界面 Human machine interface (HMI)传感器Transducer工艺检查 technology inspect机电液联调Mechanical-hydraulic-electrical joint test。

液压传动第十讲制动器力流体动力系统的优秀的特性之一是由电源产生，通过适当的控制和指导，并通过电线传输，就可以轻松转换到几乎任何类型的机械运动所需要用到的地方。

使用一个合适的驱动装置，可以获得线性（直线）或者是旋转运动。

驱动器是一种转换流体动力机械力和运动的装置。

缸、马达和涡轮机是最常见的将流体动力系统应用于驱动设备的类型。

这一章描述了各种类型的动作汽缸和他们的应用程序、不同类型的流体汽车和使用流体动力系统的涡轮机。

汽缸制动汽缸是一种将流体动力转换成线性或直线、力和运动的装置。

因为线性运动是沿着一条直线前后移动的往复运动。

这种类型的制动器有时被称为一个往复、或线性、电动机。

由ram或活塞组成的汽缸在一个圆柱孔内操作。

制动汽缸可以安装，以便汽缸被固定在一个固定的结构，ram或活塞被连接到该机制来操作，或者是活塞和ram可能被固定到固定结构，汽缸附加到机械装置来操作。

制动汽缸气动和液压系统的设计和操作是类似的。

一些变化的ram和活塞式制动汽缸的内容将在后面的段落中描述。

冲压式缸术语ram和活塞通常可以互换使用。

然而，一个冲压式缸通常被认为是一个截面积活塞杆超过一半的截面积活动元件。

在大多数这种类型的制动汽缸中，杆和活动元件各占一半。

这种类型的活动元件经常被称为柱塞。

冲压式缸主要是用来推动而不是拉。

一些应用程序需要ram的一部分在平坦的外部来推动或升降单位操作。

其他应用程序需要一些机械装置的附件，如一个U型夹或有眼螺栓。

冲压式缸的设计在很多其他方面不同，以满足不同应用程序的要求。

单作用千斤顶单作用千斤顶（如图：10-1）试用力只在一个方向。

流体定向的汽缸取代ram 和他外部的弹性元件，将物体举起放在上面。

当流体压力释放后，由于没有规定由流体动力缩回ram。

物体的重量或者是一些机械设备，比如一个弹簧，迫使ram回到汽缸。

这种流体能量就倒回到容器。

单作用冲压式汽缸通常用于液压千斤顶。

用于移动飞机的飞行甲板和机库甲板航空母舰的升降机也使用这种类型的汽缸。

液压机械英语液压专业词汇流体传动（水力）hydraulic power液压技术（水力学）hydraulics液力技术（流体力学；水动力学）hydrodynamics 气液技术（液压气动学）hydro-pneumatics运行工况operating working conditions额定工况rated working conditions极限工况limited working conditions瞬态工况instantaneous working conditions稳态工况steady-state working conditions许用工况acceptable working conditions连续工况continuous working conditions实际工况actual working conditions效率efficiency旋转方向direction of rotation公称压力nominal pressure工作压力working pressure进口压力inlet pressure出口压力outlet pressure压降pressure drop；differential pressure背压back pressure启动压力breakout pressure充油压力charge pressure开启压力cracking pressure峰值压力peak pressure运行压力operating pressure耐压试验压力proof pressure冲击压力surge pressure静压力static pressure系统压力system pressure控制压力pilot pressure充气压力precharge pressure吸入压力suction pressure调压偏差override pressure额定压力rated pressure耗气量air consumption泄漏leakage内泄漏internal leakage外泄漏external leakage层流laminar flow紊流turbulent flow气穴（现象）cavitations流量flow rate排量displacement额定流量rated flow供给流量supply flow流量系数flow factor滞环hysterics图形符号graphical symbol液压气动元件图形符号symbols for hydraulic and pneumatic components 流体逻辑元件图形符号symbols for fluid logic devices逻辑功能图形符号symbols for logic functions回路图circuit diagram压力时间图pressure time diagram功能图function diagram循环circle自动循环automatic cycle工作循环working cycle循环速度cycling speed工步phase停止工步dwell phase工作工步working phase快进工步rapid advance phase快退工步rapid return phase频率响应frequency response重复性repeat ability复现性reproducibility漂移drift波动ripple线性度linearity线性区linear region液压锁紧hydraulic lock液压卡紧hydraulic sticking变量泵variable displacement pump泵的控制control of pump齿轮泵gear pump叶片泵vane pump柱塞泵piston pump轴向柱塞泵axial piston pump法兰安装flange mounting底座安装foot mounting液压马达（发动机，电动机）hydraulic motor刚度stiffness中位neutral position零位zero position自由位free position缸cylinder有杆端rod end无杆端rear end外伸行程extend stroke内缩行程retract stroke缓冲cushioning工作行程working stroke负载压力induced pressure输出力force实际输出力actual force单作用缸single-acting cylinder双作用缸double-acting cylinder差动缸differential cylinder伸缩缸telescopic cylinder阀valve底板sub-plate油路块manifold block板式阀sub-plate valve叠加阀sandwich（plate）valve插装阀cartridge valve滑阀slide valve锥阀poppet valve阀芯valve element阀芯位置valve element position单向阀check valve液控单向阀pilot-controlled check valve 梭阀shuttle valve压力控制阀pressure control valve溢流阀pressure relief valve顺序阀sequence valve减压阀pressure reducing valve平衡阀counterbalance valve卸荷阀unloading valve直动式directly operated type先导式pilot-operated type机械控制式mechanically controlled type 手动式manually operated type液控式hydraulic controlled type流量控制阀flow control valve固定节流阀fixed restrictive valve可调节流阀adjustable restrictive valve 单向节流阀one-way restrictive valve调速阀speed regulator valve分流阀flow divider valve集流阀flow-combining valve截止阀shutoff valve球阀global/ball valve针阀needle valve闸阀gate valve膜片阀diaphragm valve蝶阀butterfly valve噪声等级noise level放大器amplifier模拟放大器analogue amplifier数字放大器digital amplifier传感器sensor阈值threshold(开始、开端、极限) 伺服阀servo valve四通阀four-way valve喷嘴挡板nozzle flapper液压放大器hydraulic amplifier颤振dither阀极性valve polarity流量增益flow gain对称度symmetry流量极限flow limit零位内泄漏null(quiescent) leakage 遮盖lap零遮盖zero lap正遮盖over lap负遮盖under lap开口opening零偏null bias零漂null drift阀压降valve pressure drop分辨率resolution频率响应frequency response幅值比amplitude(振幅) ratio传递函数transfer function管路flow line硬管rigid tube软管flexible hose工作管路working line回油管路return line补液管路replenishing line控制管路pilot line泄油管路drain line放气管路bleed line接头fitting；connection焊接式接头welded fitting扩口式接头flared fitting快换接头quick release coupling法兰接头flange connection弯头elbow异径接头reducer fitting流道flow pass油口port闭式油箱sealed reservoir油箱容量reservoir fluid capacity气囊式蓄能器bladder accumulator空气污染air contamination固体颗粒污染solid contamination液体污染liquid contamination空气过滤器air filter油雾气lubricator热交换器heat exchanger冷却器cooler加热器heater温度控制器thermostat消声器silencer双筒过滤器duplex filter过滤器压降filter pressure drop有效过滤面积effective filtration area公称过滤精度nominal filtration rating压溃压力collapse pressure填料密封packing seal机械密封mechanical seal径向密封radial seal旋转密封rotary seal活塞密封piston seal活塞杆密封rod seal防尘圈密封wiper seal；scraper组合垫圈bonded washer复合密封件composite seal弹性密封件elastomer seal丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber；NBR聚四氟乙烯Polytetrafluoroethylene；PTFE 优先控制override control压力表pressure gauge压力传感器electrical pressure transducer压差计differential pressure instrument液位计liquid level measuring instrument流量计flow meter压力开关pressure switch脉冲发生器pulse generator液压泵站power station空气处理单元air conditioner unit压力控制回路pressure control circuit（loop）安全回路safety circuit差动回路differential circuit调速回路flow control circuit进口节流回路meter-in circuit出口节流回路meter-out circuit同步回路synchronizing circuit开式回路open circuit闭式回路closed circuit管路布置pipe-work管卡clamper联轴器drive shaft coupling操作台control console(控制台)控制屏control panel避震喉compensator粘度viscosity运动粘度kinematical viscosity密度density含水量water content闪点flash point防锈性rust protection（quality）抗腐蚀性anticorrosive quality便携式颗粒检测仪portable particle counterPilot valve 先导阀Pilot-operated check valve 液控单向阀Sub-plate mount 板式安装Manifold block 集成块Pressure relief valve 压力溢流阀Flow valve 流量阀Throttle（扼杀）valve 节流阀Double throttle check valve 双单向节流阀Rotary knob 旋钮Rectifier plate 节流板Servo valve 伺服阀Proportional valve 比例阀Position feedback 位置反馈Progressive flow 渐增流量De-energizing of solenoid（螺线管）电磁铁释放二、介质类Phosphate ester (HFD-R) 磷酸甘油酯Water-glycol (HFC) 水-乙二醇Emulsion 乳化液Inhibitor缓蚀剂Synthetic lubricating oil 合成油三、液压安装工程Contamination 污染Grout 灌浆Failure 失效Jog 点动Creep爬行Abrasion 摩擦Extension（活塞杆）伸出Retraction（活塞杆）缩回Malfunction 误动作Pickling 酸洗Flushing 冲洗Dipping process 槽式酸洗Recirculation 循环Passivity 钝化Nitric acid 柠檬酸Argon 氩气Butt welding 对接焊Socket welding 套管焊Inert gas welding 惰性气体焊四、管接头Bite type fittings卡套式管接头Tube to tube fittings 接管接头union 直通接管接头elbow union 直角管接头tee union 三通管接头cross union 四通管接头Mal stud fittings 端直通管接头Bulkhead fittings 长直通管接头Weld fittings 焊接式管接头Female connector fittings 接头螺母Reducers extenders 变径管接头Banjo fittings 铰接式管接头Adjustable fittings/swivel nut 旋转接头五、伺服阀及伺服系统性能参数Dynamic response 动态频响DDV-direct drive valve 直动式伺服阀NFPA-National Fluid Power Association 美国流体控制学会Phase lag 相位滞后Nozzle flapper valve 喷嘴挡板阀Servo-jet pilot valve 射流管阀Dither 颤振电流Coil impedance 线圈阻抗Flow saturation 流量饱和Linearity 线形度Symmetry 对称性Hysterics 滞环Threshold 灵敏度Lap 滞后Pressure gain 压力增益Null 零位Null bias 零偏Null shift 零飘Frequency response 频率响应Slope 曲线斜坡液压系统（hydraulic system）执行元件（actuator）液压缸cylinder液压马达motor液压回路circuit压力控制回路pressure control流量（速度）控制回路speed control方向控制回路directional valve control安全回路security control定位回路position control同步回路synchronizing circuit顺序动作回路sequent circuit液压泵pump阀valve压力控制阀pressure valve流量控制阀flow valve方向控制阀directional valve液压辅件accessory普通阀common valve插装阀cartridge valve叠加阀superimposed valve；Sandwich plate valve 支承环Backup ring液压专业常用英语词汇一、阀类Solenoid valve （工业）电磁阀Check valve 单向阀Cartridge valve 插装阀Pilot valve 先导阀Pilot-operated check valve 液控单向阀Sub-plate mount 板式安装Manifold block 集成块Pressure relief valve 压力溢流阀Flow valve 流量阀Throttle valve 节流阀Double throttle check valve 双单向节流阀Rotary knob 旋钮Rectifier plate 节流板Servo valve 伺服阀Proportional valve 比例阀Position feedback 位置反馈Progressive flow 渐增流量De-energizing of solenoid 电磁铁释放二、介质类Phosphate ester (HFD-R) 磷酸甘油酯Water-glycol (HFC) 水-乙二醇Emulsion 乳化液Inhibitor缓蚀剂Synthetic lubricating oil 合成油三、液压安装工程Contamination 污染Grout 灌浆Failure 失效Jog 点动Creep爬行Abrasion 摩擦Retract（活塞杆）伸出Extension （活塞杆）缩回Malfunction 误动作Pickling 酸洗Flushing 冲洗Dipping process 槽式酸洗Re-circulation 循环Passivity 钝化Nitric acid 柠檬酸Argon 氩气Butt welding 对接焊Socket welding 套管焊Inert gas welding 惰性气体焊四、管接头Bite type fittings 卡套式管接头Tube to tube fittings 接管接头union 直通接管接头union elbow 直角管接头union tee 三通管接头union cross 四通管接头Mal stud fittings 端直通管接头Bulkhead fittings 长直通管接头Weld fittings 焊接式管接头Female connector fittings 接头螺母Reducers extenders 变径管接头Banjo fittings 铰接式管接头Adjustable fittings/swivel nut 旋转接头五、伺服阀及伺服系统性能参数Dynamic response 动态频响DDV-direct drive valve 直动式伺服阀NFPA-National Fluid Power Association 美国流体控制学会Phase lag 相位滞后Nozzle flapper valve 喷嘴挡板阀Servo-jet pilot valve 射流管阀Dither 颤振电流Coil impedance 线圈阻抗Flow saturation 流量饱和Linearity 线形度Symmetry 对称性Hysterics 滞环Threshold 灵敏度Lap 滞后Pressure gain 压力增益Null 零位Null bias 零偏Null shift 零飘Frequency response 频率响应Slope 曲线斜坡泵(本)体bump body无油轴承dry bearings油封oil seal扣环retainer ring定位梢locking pin前分流板front port plate凸轮环cam ring轮子rotor后分流板rear port plateO型环O ring端盖end cover六角沉头螺丝countersink hex-crew双头活塞twin piston弹簧spring单头活塞snap piston上盖top cover调整螺栓adjustable bolt螺帽screw nut半圆键woodruff key柱塞plug screw塞头螺丝plug screw排量cc/rev最高使用压力kgf/cm²(psi) (bar) 315kgf/cm²=4500psi 转速范围rpm零件表parts list塞头plug侧盖side cover调压柱塞spool调流侧盖side cover ( deliv, vol )调压本体pressure adj. bolt高压柱塞spool调压弹簧座spring post脚座型foot type轴shaft法兰座flange (lug)键沟keyway前分流套front port block后分流套rear port block后盖rear cover尺寸图dimensions性能曲线performance curves工作压力MPa (bar) 1MPa=10.2Kgf/cm²排量cm³/rev转速范围r/min输入信号电压(DC) (V)流量Qin流量（lpm）压力Pin频率Hz接通时间单位ms线圈耗电功率（A/V A max）压力范围（Pnom.: bar）流量（Qnom.: e/min）电-液比例换向调速阀proportional electro-hydraulic directional and flow control valves额定电流rated current零值电流quiescent current过载电流overload current线圈电阻coil resistance线圈电感coil inductance额定流量rated flow流量增益flow gain内漏internal leakage非线性度nonlinearity不对称度unsymmetry重叠lap压力增益pressure gain零偏null bias分辨率threshold频率特性frequency response电插头座electrical connector颤振dither伺服放大器servo-amplifier供油压力supply pressure回油压力return pressure耐压和破坏压力proof and burst pressure工作液fluids工作液清洁度filtration液压特性hydraulic characteristics静态特性static performance极性polarity空载流量特性no-load flow characteristic负载特性flow-load characteristics动态特性dynamic performance转移函数transfer function双喷嘴-挡板力反馈两级电液流量控制的伺服阀Double flapper-nozzle, force feedback, two stage electro-hydraulic flow control servo-valves 外形图external configuration结构原理图configuration幅频宽amplitude radio width相频宽phase lag width防尘圈bust wiper; Pin bust seal耐磨环(磨损环) wear ring ; slide ring; abrasion resistant ring滑阀slide valve活塞油封piston seal活塞杆油封rod seal垫片back up ring支承环support ring缓冲环buffer seal气缸垫cylinder washer断面图形section graphics夹布橡胶inter-cloth rubber乳化液emulsion公称尺寸nominal size允差tolerance杂质impurities凹凸缺陷convex and concave disfigurement边缘痕迹edge imprint沟槽尺寸dimension of slot替代substitute取代supersede导向带guide strip挡圈retaining ring简记abridged notation风动机械pneumatic machineries格来圈Gely ring斯特封Sterfin ring聚四氟乙烯青铜复合材料compound material of PTFE and bronze 安装尺寸installation dimension导向环guiding ring聚甲醛polyoxymethylene夹布胶木inter-cloth bakelite聚氨酯板/棒Polyurethane Bar梅花型联轴器弹性圈club-type elastic ring for joint-shaft皮碗packing bowl夹织物inter-fabrics螺纹插装阀cartridge valves电磁换向阀solenoid-operated valves压力控制阀pressure control valves调压范围spring ranges方向控制阀directional control valves阀芯结构形式type of pin锥阀poppet滑阀spool球阀ball流量控制阀flow control valves控制比例pilot ratios二位二通型two way two position锁紧扭矩mounting screw torque标准插封standard cavity标准阀块standard block标准线圈外形尺寸E-Coil shape dim.直动式溢流阀directly operated relief valves差动式溢流阀differential area relief valves先导式溢流阀pilot-operated relief valves组合溢流阀combined relief valves遥控溢流阀remote control relief valves油液清洁度filtration of oil双向溢流阀bi-directional relieve valves减压阀pressure reducing valves直动式顺序阀direct-acting sequence valves管式单向阀tubular check valves技术参数technical data开启压力cracking pressure压力补偿节流阀（固定节流孔）regulator pressure-compensated valves（fixed orifice）分流/集流阀flow divider/combiner valves节流controlled flow负载控制阀load control valves插式直动/先导溢流阀relief cartridge valves型号说明ordering code插式节流单向阀needle check cartridge valves碟式充液阀flange-clamped type, prefill valves油箱侧低压配管suction side pipe导压口接头pilot port adaptor油缸侧高压配管cylinder side pipe管式压力反馈型调速阀pressure-compensated flow control valves管式压力继电器pressure switch-pipe series叠加式压力继电器pressure switch-modular series叠加式电磁调速阀flow control sandwich-valves-solenoid operated管式/板式液压升降阀hydraulic lifting/lowering control valves额定电压rated voltage额定功率nominal power额定转速rotation speed力矩torque转向rotation direction三插hirschmann带嵌套conduit德意志插座integral Deutsch connector双插double spade圆形cylindrical手动卸荷manual override丁腈橡胶NBR氢化丁腈橡胶HNBR氟橡胶FKM硅橡胶PMQ/VMQ聚丙烯酸酯橡胶ACM乙丙橡胶EPDM/EPM夹布橡胶FAB聚氨酯PU热塑型聚氨酯TPU浇注型聚氨酯CPU聚四氟乙烯PTFE聚酰胺PA聚甲醛POM轴用密封(活塞杆) rod seals孔用密封（活塞）piston seals防尘密封件scrapers阀门英语名词术语（1）范围本标准适用于工业管道（或机器、设备）的通用阀门。

液压专业翻译词汇液压专业词汇流体传动 hydraulic power 液压技术 hydraulics液力技术 hydrodynamics 气液技术 hydropneumatics运行工况 operating conditions 额定工况 rated conditions 极限工况 limited conditions 瞬态工况 instantaneous conditions 稳态工况 steady-state conditions 许用工况 acceptable conditions 连续工况 continuous working conditions 实际工况 actual conditions 效率 efficiency 旋转方向 direction of rotation 公称压力 nominal pressure 工作压力 working pressure进口压力 inlet pressure 出口压力 outlet pressure压降 pressure drop；differential pressure 背压 back pressure启动压力 breakout pressure 充油压力 charge pressure开启压力 cracking pressure 峰值压力 peak pressure运行压力 operating pressure 耐压试验压力 proof pressure 冲击压力 surge pressure 静压力 static pressure系统压力 system pressure 控制压力 pilot pressure充气压力 pre-charge pressure 吸入压力 suction pressure调压偏差 override pressure 额定压力 rated pressure耗气量 air consumption 泄漏 leakage内泄漏 internal leakage 外泄漏 external leakage层流 laminar flow 紊流 turbulent flow气穴 cavitation 流量 flow rate排量 displacement 额定流量 rated flow供给流量 supply flow 流量系数 flower factor滞环 hysteresis 图形符号 graphical symbol液压气动元件图形符号 symbols for hydraulic and pneumatic components 流体逻辑元件图形符号 symbols for fluid logic devices逻辑功能图形符号 symbols for logic functions 回路图 circuit diagram 压力－时间图 pressure time diagram功能图 function diagram循环 circle 自动循环 automatic cycle 工作循环 working cycle 循环速度 cycling speed工步 phase 停止工步 dwell phase工作工步 working phase 快进工步 rapid advance phase 快退工步 rapid return phase 频率响应 frequency response 重复性 repeat ability 复现性 reproducibility漂移 drift 波动 ripple线性度 linearity 线性区 linear region液压锁紧 hydraulic lock 液压卡紧 sticking变量泵 variable displacement pump 泵的控制 control of pump 齿轮泵 gear pump 叶片泵 vane pump柱塞泵 piston pump 轴向柱塞泵 axial piston pump 法兰安装 flange mounting 底座安装 foot mounting液压马达 hydraulic motor 刚度 stiffness中位 neutral position 零位 zero position自由位 free position 缸 cylinder有杆端 rod end 无杆端 rear end外伸行程 extend stroke 内缩行程 retract stroke缓冲 cushioning 工作行程 working stroke负载压力 induced pressure 输出力 force实际输出力 actual force 单作用缸 single-acting cylinder 双作用缸 double-acting cylinder 差动缸 differential cylinder伸缩缸 telescopic cylinder 阀 valve底板 sub-plate 油路块 manifold block板式阀 sub-plate valve 叠加阀 sandwich valve插装阀 cartridge valve 滑阀 slide valve锥阀 poppet valve 阀芯 valve element阀芯位置 valve element position 单向阀 check valve 液控单向阀 pilot-controlled check valve梭阀 shuttle valve压力控制阀 pressure relief valve 溢流阀 pressure relief valve 顺序阀 sequence valve 减压阀 pressure reducing valve 平衡阀 counterbalance valve 卸荷阀 unloading valve直动式 directly operated type 先导式 pilot-operated type机械控制式 mechanically controlled type手动式 manually operated type 液控式 hydraulic controlled type流量控制阀 flow control valve 固定节流阀 fixed restrictive valve 可调节流阀 adjustable restrictive valve单向节流阀 one-way restrictive valve 调速阀 speed regulator valve 分流阀 flow divider valve 集流阀 flow-combining valve截止阀 shut-off valve 球阀 global(ball) valve针阀 needle valve 闸阀 gate valve膜片阀 diaphragm valve 蝶阀 butterfly valve噪声等级noise level 放大器 amplifier模拟放大器 analogue amplifier 数字放大器 digital amplifier 传感器 sensor 阈值 threshold伺服阀 servo-valve 四通阀 four-way valve喷嘴挡板 nozzle flapper 液压放大器 hydraulic amplifier 颤振 dither 阀极性 valve polarity流量增益 flow gain 对称度 symmetry流量极限 flow limit 零位内泄漏 null(quiescent) leakage 遮盖 lap 零遮盖 zero lap正遮盖 over lap 负遮盖 under lap开口 opening 零偏 null bias零漂 null drift 阀压降 valve pressure drop分辨率 resolution 频率响应 frequency response幅值比 amplitude ratio 相位移 phase lag传递函数 transfer function 管路 flow line 硬管 rigid tube软管 flexible hose工作管路 working line 回油管路 return line补液管路 replenishing line 控制管路 pilot line泄油管路 drain line 放气管路 bleed line接头 fitting；connection 焊接式接头 welded fitting扩口式接头 flared fitting 快换接头 quick release coupling 法兰接头 flange connection 弯头 elbow异径接头 reducer fitting 流道 flow pass油口 port 闭式油箱 sealed reservoir油箱容量 reservoir fluid capacity 气囊式蓄能器bladder accumulator 空气污染 air contamination 固体颗粒污染 solid contamination 液体污染 liquid contamination 空气过滤器 air filter油雾气 lubricator 热交换器 heat exchanger冷却器 cooler 加热器 heater温度控制器 thermostat 消声器 silencer双筒过滤器 duplex filter 过滤器压降 filter pressure drop有效过滤面积 effective filtration area公称过滤精度 nominal filtration rating压溃压力 collapse pressure 填料密封 packing seal机械密封 mechanical seal 径向密封 radial seal旋转密封 rotary seal 活塞密封 piston seal活塞杆密封 rod seal 防尘圈密封 wiper seal；scraper组合垫圈 bonded washer 复合密封件 composite seal弹性密封件 elastomer seal丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber；NBR聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethene；PTFE优先控制 override control 压力表 pressure gauge压力传感器 electrical pressure transducer压差计 differential pressure instrument液位计 liquid level measuring instrument 流量计 flow meter压力开关 pressure switch脉冲发生器 pulse generator 液压泵站 power station空气处理单元 air conditioner unit压力控制回路 pressure control circuit安全回路 safety circuit 差动回路 differential circuit调速回路 flow control circuit 进口节流回路 meter-in circuit 出口节流回路 meter-out circuit 同步回路 synchronizing circuit 开式回路 open circuit 闭式回路 closed circuit管路布置 pipe-work 管卡 clamper联轴器 drive shaft coupling 操作台 control console控制屏 control panel 避震喉 compensator粘度 viscosity 运动粘度 kinematic viscosity 密度 density 含水量 water content闪点 flash point 防锈性 rust protection抗腐蚀性 anti-corrosive quality便携式颗粒检测仪 portable particle counterSolenoid valve 电磁阀 Check valve 单向阀Cartridge valve 插装阀 Sandwich plate valve 叠加阀Pilot valve 先导阀 Pilot operated check valve 液控单向阀Sub-plate mount 板式安装 Manifold block 集成块Pressure relief valve 压力溢流阀 Flow valve 流量阀Throttle valve 节流阀Double throttle check valve 双单向节流阀Rotary knob 旋钮 Rectifier plate 节流板Servo valve 伺服阀 Proportional valve 比例阀Position feedback 位置反馈 Progressive flow 渐增流量De-energizing of solenoid 电磁铁释放二、介质类Phosphate ester (HFD-R) 磷酸甘油酯 Water-glycol (HFC) 水-乙二醇Emulsion 乳化液 Inhibitor缓蚀剂Synthetic lubricating oil 合成油三、液压安装工程Contamination 污染 Grout 灌浆Failure 失效 Jog 点动Creep爬行 Abrasion 摩擦Retract（活塞杆）伸出 Extension （活塞杆）缩回Malfunction 误动作 Pickling 酸洗Flushing 冲洗 Dipping process 槽式酸洗Re-circulation 循环 Passivity 钝化Nitric acid 柠檬酸 Argon 氩气Butt welding 对接焊 Socket welding 套管焊Inert gas welding 惰性气体焊四、管接头Bite type fittings 卡套式管接头 Tube to tube fittings 接管接头union 直通接管接头 union elbow 直角管接头union tee 三通管接头 union cross 四通管接头Mal stud fittings 端直通管接头 Bulkhead fittings 长直通管接头Weld fittings 焊接式管接头 Female connector fittings 接头螺母Reducers extenders 变径管接头 Banjo fittings 铰接式管接头Adjustable fittings/swivel nut 旋转接头五、伺服阀及伺服系统性能参数Dynamic response 动态频响DDV-direct drive valve 直动式伺服阀NFPA-National Fluid Power Association 美国流体控制学会Phase lag 相位滞后 Nozzle flapper valve 喷嘴挡板阀Servo-jet pilot valve 射流管阀 Dither 颤振电流Coil impedance 线圈阻抗Flow saturation 流量饱和Linearity 线形度 Symmetry 对称性Hysterics 滞环 Threshold 灵敏度Lap 滞后 Pressure gain 压力增益Null 零位 Null bias 零偏Null shift 零飘 Frequency response 频率响应Slope 曲线斜坡液压系统（hydraulic system）执行元件（actuator）液压缸（cylinder）液压马达（motor）液压回路（circuit）压力控制回路（pressure control）流量（速度）控制回路（speed control）方向控制回路（directional valve control）安全回路（security control）定位回路（position control）同步回路（synchronise circuit）顺序动作回路（sequeunt circuit）液压泵（pump）阀（valve）压力控制阀（pressure valve）、流量控制阀（flow valve）方向控制阀（directional valve）液压辅件（accessory）普通阀（common valve）插装阀（cartridge valve）叠加阀（superimposed valve流体传动 hydraulic power液压技术 hydraulics 液力技术 hydrodynamics气液技术 hydropneumatics 运行工况 operating conditions额定工况 rated conditions 极限工况 limited conditions瞬态工况 instantaneous conditions 稳态工况 steady-state conditions许用工况 acceptable conditions 连续工况continuous working conditions 实际工况 actual conditions效率 efficiency 旋转方向 direction of rotation公称压力 nominal pressure 工作压力 working pressure进口压力 inlet pressure 出口压力 outlet pressure压降 pressure drop；differential pressure背压 back pressure 启动压力 breakout pressure充油压力 charge pressure 开启压力 cracking pressure峰值压力 peak pressure 运行压力 operating pressure耐压试验压力 proof pressure 冲击压力 surge pressure静压力 static pressure 系统压力 system pressure控制压力 pilot pressure 充气压力 pre-charge pressure吸入压力 suction pressure 调压偏差 override pressure额定压力 rated pressure 耗气量 air consumption泄漏 leakage 内泄漏 internal leakage外泄漏 external leakage 层流 laminar flow紊流 turbulent flow 气穴 cavitation流量 flow rate 排量 displacement额定流量 rated flow 供给流量 supply flow流量系数 flower factor 滞环 hysteresis图形符号 graphical symbol液压气动元件图形符号 symbols for hydraulic and pneumatic components 流体逻辑元件图形符号 symbols for fluid logic devices逻辑功能图形符号 symbols for logic functions回路图 circuit diagram 压力－时间图 pressure time diagram 功能图 function diagram 循环 circle自动循环 automatic cycle 工作循环 working cycle循环速度 cycling speed 工步 phase停止工步 dwell phase 工作工步 working phase 快进工步rapid advance phase 快退工步 rapid return phase频率响应 frequency response 重复性 repeat ability复现性 reproducibility 漂移 drift波动 ripple 线性度 linearity线性区 linear region 液压锁紧 hydraulic lock液压卡紧 sticking 变量泵 variable displacement pump 泵的控制 control of pump 齿轮泵 gear pump叶片泵 vane pump 柱塞泵 piston pump轴向柱塞泵 axial piston pump 法兰安装 flange mounting底座安装 foot mounting 液压马达 hydraulic motor刚度 stiffness 中位 neutral position零位 zero position 自由位 free position缸 cylinder 有杆端 rod end无杆端 rear end 外伸行程 extend stroke内缩行程 retract stroke 缓冲 cushioning工作行程 working stroke 负载压力 induced pressure输出力 force 实际输出力 actual force单作用缸 single-acting cylinder 双作用缸 double-acting cylinder 差动缸 differential cylinder 伸缩缸 telescopic cylinder阀 valve 底板 sub-plate油路块 manifold block 板式阀 sub-plate valve叠加阀 sandwich valve 插装阀 cartridge valve滑阀 slide valve 锥阀 poppet valve阀芯 valve element 阀芯位置 valve element position 单向阀 check valve 液控单向阀 pilot-controlled check valve 梭阀 shuttle valve 压力控制阀 pressure relief valve 溢流阀 pressure relief valve 顺序阀 sequence valve 减压阀 pressure reducing valve 平衡阀 counterbalancevalve卸荷阀 unloading valve 直动式 directly operated type先导式 pilot-operated type机械控制式 mechanically controlled type手动式manually operated type 液控式 hydraulic controlled type 流量控制阀 flow control valve 固定节流阀 fixed restrictive valve 可调节流阀 adjustable restrictive valve单向节流阀 one-way restrictive valve 调速阀 speed regulator valve 分流阀 flow divider valve 集流阀 flow-combining valve截止阀 shut-off valve 球阀 global(ball) valve 针阀 needle valve 闸阀 gate valve膜片阀 diaphragm valve 蝶阀 butterfly valve噪声等级noise level 放大器 amplifier模拟放大器 analogue amplifier 数字放大器 digital amplifier 传感器 sensor 阈值 threshold伺服阀 servo-valve 四通阀 four-way valve喷嘴挡板 nozzle flapper 液压放大器 hydraulic amplifier 颤振 dither 阀极性 valve polarity流量增益 flow gain 对称度 symmetry流量极限 flow limit 零位内泄漏 null(quiescent) leakage遮盖 lap 零遮盖 zero lap正遮盖 over lap 负遮盖 under lap开口 opening 零偏 null bias零漂 null drift 阀压降 valve pressure drop 分辨率 resolution 频率响应 frequency response幅值比 amplitude ratio 相位移 phase lag传递函数 transfer function 管路 flow line硬管 rigid tube 软管 flexible hose工作管路 working line 回油管路 return line补液管路 replenishing line 控制管路 pilot line泄油管路 drain line 放气管路 bleed line接头 fitting；connection 焊接式接头 welded fitting扩口式接头 flared fitting 快换接头 quick release coupling 法兰接头 flange connection 弯头 elbow异径接头 reducer fitting 流道 flow pass油口 port 闭式油箱 sealed reservoir油箱容量 reservoir fluid capacity 气囊式蓄能器bladder accumulator 空气污染 air contamination 固体颗粒污染 solid contamination液体污染 liquid contamination 空气过滤器 air filter油雾气 lubricator 热交换器 heat exchanger冷却器 cooler 加热器 heater温度控制器 thermostat 消声器 silencer双筒过滤器 duplex filter 过滤器压降 filter pressure drop 有效过滤面积 effective filtration area公称过滤精度 nominal filtration rating压溃压力 collapse pressure 填料密封 packing seal机械密封 mechanical seal 径向密封 radial seal旋转密封 rotary seal 活塞密封 piston seal活塞杆密封 rod seal 防尘圈密封 wiper seal；scraper组合垫圈 bonded washer 复合密封件 composite seal弹性密封件 elastomer seal 丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber；NBR 聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethene；PTFE优先控制 override control 压力表 pressure gauge压力传感器 electrical pressure transducer压差计 differential pressure instrument液位计 liquid level measuring instrument流量计 flow meter 压力开关 pressure switch脉冲发生器 pulse generator 液压泵站 power station空气处理单元 air conditioner unit压力控制回路 pressure control circuit 安全回路safety circuit 差动回路 differential circuit调速回路 flow control circuit 进口节流回路 meter-in circuit出口节流回路 meter-out circuit 同步回路 synchronizing circuit 开式回路 open circuit 闭式回路 closed circuit管路布置 pipe-work 管卡 clamper联轴器 drive shaft coupling 操作台 control console 控制屏 control panel 避震喉 compensator粘度 viscosity 运动粘度 kinematic viscosity密度 density 含水量 water content闪点 flash point 防锈性 rust protection抗腐蚀性 anti-corrosive quality便携式颗粒检测仪 portable particle counterSolenoid valve 电磁阀 Check valve 单向阀Cartridge valve 插装阀 Sandwich plate valve 叠加阀Pilot valve 先导阀 Pilot operated check valve 液控单向阀Sub-plate mount 板式安装 Manifold block 集成块Pressure relief valve 压力溢流阀 Flow valve 流量阀Throttle valve 节流阀Double throttle check valve 双单向节流阀Rotary knob 旋钮 Rectifier plate 节流板Servo valve 伺服阀 Proportional valve 比例阀Position feedback 位置反馈 Progressive flow 渐增流量De-energizing of solenoid 电磁铁释放二、介质类Phosphate ester (HFD-R) 磷酸甘油酯Water-glycol (HFC) 水-乙二醇Emulsion 乳化液Inhibitor缓蚀剂Synthetic lubricating oil 合成油三、液压安装工程Contamination 污染Grout 灌浆Failure 失效Jog 点动Creep爬行Abrasion 摩擦Retract（活塞杆）伸出Extension （活塞杆）缩回Malfunction 误动作Pickling 酸洗Flushing 冲洗Dipping process 槽式酸洗Re-circulation 循环Passivity 钝化Nitric acid 柠檬酸Argon 氩气Butt welding 对接焊Socket welding 套管焊Inert gas welding 惰性气体焊四、管接头Bite type fittings 卡套式管接头Tube to tube fittings 接管接头 union 直通接管接头union elbow 直角管接头union tee 三通管接头union cross 四通管接头Mal stud fittings 端直通管接头Bulkhead fittings 长直通管接头Weld fittings 焊接式管接头Female connector fittings 接头螺母Reducers extenders 变径管接头Banjo fittings 铰接式管接头Adjustable fittings/swivel nut 旋转接头五、伺服阀及伺服系统性能参数Dynamic response 动态频响DDV-direct drive valve 直动式伺服阀NFPA-National Fluid Power Association 美国流体控制学会Phase lag 相位滞后Nozzle flapper valve 喷嘴挡板阀Servo-jet pilot valve 射流管阀Dither 颤振电流Coil impedance 线圈阻抗Flow saturation 流量饱和Linearity 线形度Symmetry 对称性Hysterics 滞环Threshold 灵敏度Lap 滞后Pressure gain 压力增益Null 零位Null bias 零偏Null shift 零飘Frequency response 频率响应Slope 曲线斜坡液压系统（hydraulic system）执行元件（actuator）液压缸（cylinder）液压马达（motor）液压回路（circuit）压力控制回路（pressure control）流量（速度）控制回路（speed control）方向控制回路（directional valve control）安全回路（security control）定位回路（position control）同步回路（synchronise circuit）顺序动作回路（sequeunt circuit）液压泵（pump）阀（valve）压力控制阀（pressure valve）、流量控制阀（flow valve）方向控制阀（directional valve）液压辅件（accessory）普通阀（common valve）插装阀（cartridge valve）叠加阀（superimposed valve补充:一、阀类Solenoid valve 电磁阀Check valve 单向阀Cartridge valve 插装阀Sandwich plate valve 叠加阀Pilot valve 先导阀Pilot operated check valve 液控单向阀Sub-plate mount 板式安装Manifold block 集成块Pressure relief valve 压力溢流阀Flow valve 流量阀Throttle valve 节流阀Double throttle check valve 双单向节流阀Rotary knob 旋钮Rectifier plate 节流板Servo valve 伺服阀Proportional valve 比例阀Position feedback 位置反馈Progressive flow 渐增流量De-energizing of solenoid 电磁铁释放二、介质类Phosphate ester (HFD-R) 磷酸甘油酯Water-glycol (HFC) 水-乙二醇Emulsion 乳化液Inhibitor缓蚀剂Synthetic lubricating oil 合成油三、液压安装工程Contamination 污染Grout 灌浆Failure 失效Jog 点动Creep爬行Abrasion 摩擦Retract（活塞杆）伸出Extension （活塞杆）缩回Malfunction 误动作Pickling 酸洗Flushing 冲洗Dipping process 槽式酸洗Re-circulation 循环Passivity 钝化Nitric acid 柠檬酸Argon 氩气Butt welding 对接焊Socket welding 套管焊Inert gas welding 惰性气体焊四、管接头Bite type fittings 卡套式管接头Tube to tube fittings 接管接头union 直通接管接头union elbow 直角管接头union tee 三通管接头union cross 四通管接头Mal stud fittings 端直通管接头Bulkhead fittings 长直通管接头Weld fittings 焊接式管接头Female connector fittings 接头螺母Reducers extenders 变径管接头Banjo fittings 铰接式管接头Adjustable fittings/swivel nut 旋转接头五、伺服阀及伺服系统性能参数Dynamic response 动态频响DDV-direct drive valve 直动式伺服阀NFPA-National Fluid Power Association 美国流体控制学会Phase lag 相位滞后Nozzle flapper valve 喷嘴挡板阀Servo-jet pilot valve 射流管阀Dither 颤振电流Coil impedance 线圈阻抗Flow saturation 流量饱和Linearity 线形度Symmetry 对称性Hysterics 滞环Threshold 灵敏度Lap 滞后Pressure gain 压力增益Null 零位Null bias 零偏Null shift 零飘Frequency response 频率响应Slope 曲线斜坡（本资料素材和资料部分来自网络，仅供参考。

液压机械英语在现代工业领域中，液压机械扮演着至关重要的角色。

从大型的建筑设备到精密的机床，液压系统的应用无处不在。

而对于从事液压机械相关工作的人员来说，掌握液压机械英语不仅有助于更好地理解和操作相关设备，也是与国际同行进行交流和学习的必备工具。

首先，让我们来了解一下液压机械中一些常见的基础词汇。

“Hydraulic”这个词就是“液压的”意思，比如“hydraulic system”（液压系统）、“hydraulic cylinder”（液压缸）。

“Pressure”表示“压力”，常见的搭配有“high pressure”（高压）、“low pressure”（低压）。

“Flow”是“流量”，“flow rate”（流量率）就是描述流量大小的术语。

在液压机械的部件方面，“Pump”指的是“泵”，“hydraulic pump”就是液压泵。

“Valve”是“阀”，像“control valve”（控制阀）、“relief valve”（安全阀）在系统中起着重要的调节作用。

“Actuator”是“执行器”，比如“hydraulic actuator”（液压执行器）负责将液压能转化为机械能。

液压机械的工作原理涉及到一系列的英语表述。

例如，“The hydraulic fluid is pressurized by the pump and then flows through the valves and actuators to perform the desired work”（液压油被泵加压，然后通过阀和执行器来完成所需的工作。

）“The pressure in the system is controlled by the relief valve to prevent overpressure”（系统中的压力由安全阀控制，以防止超压。

）在实际应用中，不同类型的液压机械也有各自特定的英语词汇。

例如，在工程机械中，“Excavator”（挖掘机）、“Loader”（装载机）等设备都有复杂的液压系统。