高中英语阅读理解及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析

高中英语阅读理解及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Here is a record of the discussion about AI (artificial intelligence) conducted by several

scientists:

Scientist A: I would say that we are quite a long way off developing the AI, though I do think it

will happen within the next thirty or forty years. We will probably remain in control of technology

and it will help us solve many of the world's problems. However, no one really knows what will

happen if machines become more intelligent than humans. They may help us, ignore us or

destroy us. I tend to believe AI will have a positive influence on our future lives, but whether that

is true will be partly up to us.

Scientist B: I have to admit that the potential consequences of creating something that can

match or go beyond human intelligence frighten me. Even now, scientists are teaching computers

how to learn on their own. At some point in the near future, their intelligence may well take off

and develop at an ever-increasing speed. Human beings evolve biologically very slowly and we

would be quickly substituted. In the short term, there is the danger that robots will take over

millions of human jobs, creating a large underclass of unemployed people. This could mean large-scale poverty and social unrest. In the long term machines might decide the world would be

better without humans.

Scientist C: I'm a member of the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots. Forget the movie image of a

terrifying Terminator stamping on human skulls and think of what's happening right now: military

machines like drones, gun turrets and sentry robots are already being used to kill with very little

human input. The next step will be autonomous “murderbots” following orders but finally

deciding who to kill on their own. It seems clear to me that this would be extremely dangerous

for humans. We need to be very cautious indeed about what we ask machines to do.

（1）What is Scientist B worried about?

A. AI technology will destroy the earth. B. Computers can't think by themselves.

C. Robots will take the place of humans. D. Humans will be unhappy without machines.

（2）What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. I

launched the campaign to Stop Killer Robots. B. We forget the movie image of

a

terrifying Terminator.

C. “Murderbots” can't decide by themselves. D. “Murderbots” will be

against humans'

orders.

（3）Which statement is CORRECT according to the record?

A. Scientist A thinks AI technology will never develop. B. The employment will be affected by

AI technology in the future.

C. “Murderbots” will follow the orders of their manufacturers in the wars. D. All the three

scientists agree that AI technology will benefit human beings.

（4）Who agree(s) AI has more negative aspects than positive aspects?

A. Scientist A B. Scientist B C. Scientists B & C D. Scientists B & A

【答案】（1）C （2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，列出了三位科学家对于人工智能的评价。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“In the short term, there is the danger that robots will take

over millions of human jobs, creating a large underclass of unemployed people. This could mean

large-scale poverty and social unrest.”可知，科学家B担心机器人会代替人类，造成人类失业、贫穷和社会动荡。故选C。

(2)考查代词指代。由画线句上文内容可知，自主的“杀人机器人”是否服从人类的命令，这将决定谁杀死谁，因此推断此处的this指杀人机器人不服从人类命令，这将是非常不道德的，非常危险的。故选D。

(3)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的的“In the short term, there is the danger that robots will

take over millions of human jobs, creating a large underclass of unemployed people.”可知，机器人的发展会代替人类工作，造成人类失业。故选B。

(4)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I tend to believe AI will have a positive influence on our

future lives”可知，科学家A认为人工智能积极因素比消极因素多；根据第三段中的“there is

the danger that robots will take over millions of human jobs, creating a large underclass of

unemployed people. This could mean large-scale poverty and social unrest.”和第四段中的“It

seems clear to me that this would be extremely dangerous for humans. We need to be very

cautious indeed about what we ask machines to do.”可知，科学家B和科学家C认为人工智能消极因素比积极因素多。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

It took me a moment to realize what had happened. Three days had passed and Rita seemed to

get weaker and weaker. The rain had stopped. However, the sky was still cloudy, and it was so

dark that I couldn't see the buildings even across the road. I took a pressure reading from the

weather station: 947mb, which let me know exactly where I was—in the eye of the storm.

There were rains and winds still, but not oppressive (难以忍受的)anymore. There was still no