重点名校高考冲刺仿真模拟卷_天津市武清区杨村第一中学2015届高三上学期第一次阶段性检测生物试题[精校版]

2014-2015学年天津市武清区杨村一中高三（上）第一次段考数学试卷（文科）一、选择题（共8小题，每小题5分，满分40分）1．设全集U=R，若集合A={x|﹣1≤x≤5}，B={x|y=lg（x﹣1）}，则∁U（A∩B）为( ) A．{1＜x≤5} B．{x≤﹣1或x＞5} C．{x≤1或x＞5} D．{1≤x＜5}2．下列函数中，既是偶函数又在区间（0，+∞）上单调递减的是( )A．y=B．y=e﹣x C．y=﹣x2+1 D．y=lg|x|3．设与是两个不共线的向量，且向量与共线，则λ=( ) A．0 B．﹣1 C．﹣2 D．﹣0.54．已知函数f（x）=lnx，则函数g（x）=f（x）﹣f′（x）的零点所在的区间是( ) A．（0，1）B．（1，2）C．（2，3）D．（3，4）5．函数f（x）在定义域R内可导，若f（x）=f（2﹣x），且当x∈（﹣∞，1）时，（x﹣1）f′（x）＜0，设a=f（0），b=f（），c=f（3），则( )A．a＜b＜c B．c＜a＜b C．c＜b＜a D．b＜c＜a6．要得到一个奇函数，只需将函数的图象( )A．向右平移个单位B．向右平移个单位C．向左平移个单位D．向左平移个单位7．已知函数f（x）=若f（2﹣x2）＞f（x），则实数x的取值范围是( )A．（﹣∞，﹣1）∪（2，+∞）B．（﹣∞，﹣2）∪（1，+∞）C．（﹣1，2）D．（﹣2，1）8．如图，在等腰直角△ABO中，设为AB上靠近点A的四等分点，过C作AB的垂线L，设P为垂线上任一点，，则=( )A． B．C． D．二、填空题（共6小题，每小题5分，满分30分）9．设集合A={﹣3，0，1}，B={t2﹣t+1}．若A∪B=A，则t=__________．10．已知平面向量=（2，4），，若，则||=__________．11．已知sin（30°+α）=，60°＜α＜150°，则cosα的值为__________．12．奇函数f（x）的定义域为[﹣2，2]，若f（x）在[0，2]上单调递减，且f（1+m）+f（m）＜0，则实数m的取值范围是__________．13．在边长为1的等边△ABC中，D为BC边上一动点，则的取值范围是__________．14．已知定义在R上的函数y=f（x）对任意的x都满足f（x+1）=﹣f（x），当﹣1≤x＜1 时，f（x）=x3，若函数g（x）=f（x）﹣log a|x|至少6个零点，则a的取值范围是__________．三、解答题（共6小题，满分80分）15．（13分）已知函数f（x）=sin2x﹣cos2x．（1）求函数f（x）的最小正周期；（2）求函数f（x）的单调递减区间；（3）求f（x）在区间[﹣，]上的最大值和最小值．16．（13分）在△ABC中，角A、B、C所对的边分别是a、b、c，向量，=（a﹣b，c），=（a﹣c，a+b），且与共线．（Ⅰ）求角B的大小；（Ⅱ）设y=2sin2C+cos，求y的最大值及此时角C的大小．17．（13分）已知函数f（x）=x3﹣ax2+（a2﹣1）x+b（a，b∈R）（Ⅰ）若x=1为f（x）的极值点，求实数a的值；（Ⅱ）若y=f（x）的图象在点（1，f（1））处的切线方程为x+y﹣3=0，求f（x）在区间[﹣1，4]上的最大值．18．（13分）在△ABC中，内角A，B，C所对的边分别为a，b，c，sin=，bsinA=asinC，c=1．（Ⅰ）求a的值和△ABC的面积；（Ⅱ）求sin（2A+）的值．19．（14分）已知函数f（x）=lnx+x2﹣ax．（I）若函数f（x）在其定义域上是增函数，求实数a的取值范围；（II）当a=3时，求出f（x）的极值：（III）在（I）的条件下，若在x∈（0，1]内恒成立，试确定a的取值范围．20．（14分）已知函数f（x）=x3+x2+ax+b（a，b为常数），其图象是曲线C．（1）当a=﹣2时，求函数f（x）的单调减区间；（2）设函数f（x）的导函数为f′（x），若存在唯一的实数x0，使得f（x0）=x0与f′（x0）=0同时成立，求实数b的取值范围；（3）已知点A为曲线C上的动点，在点A处作曲线C的切线l1与曲线C交于另一点B，在点B处作曲线C的切线l2，设切线l1，l2的斜率分别为k1，k2．问：是否存在常数λ，使得k2=λk1？若存在，求出λ的值；若不存在，请说明理由．2014-2015学年天津市武清区杨村一中高三（上）第一次段考数学试卷（文科）一、选择题（共8小题，每小题5分，满分40分）1．设全集U=R，若集合A={x|﹣1≤x≤5}，B={x|y=lg（x﹣1）}，则∁U（A∩B）为( ) A．{1＜x≤5} B．{x≤﹣1或x＞5} C．{x≤1或x＞5} D．{1≤x＜5}【考点】交、并、补集的混合运算．【专题】集合．【分析】利用交集与补角运算性质即可得出．【解答】解：∵集合A={x|﹣1≤x≤5}，B={x|y=lg（x﹣1）}={x|x＞1}，∴A∩B={x|1＜x≤5}．则∁U（A∩B）={x|x≤1，或x＞5}．【点评】本题考查了交集与补角运算性质，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于基础题．2．下列函数中，既是偶函数又在区间（0，+∞）上单调递减的是( )A．y=B．y=e﹣x C．y=﹣x2+1 D．y=lg|x|【考点】函数奇偶性的判断；函数单调性的判断与证明．【专题】计算题；函数的性质及应用．【分析】根据偶函数的定义，可得C，D是偶函数，其中C在区间（0，+∞）上单调递减，D在区间（0，+∞）上单调递增，可得结论．【解答】解：根据偶函数的定义，可得C，D是偶函数，其中C在区间（0，+∞）上单调递减，D在区间（0，+∞）上单调递增，故选：C．【点评】本题考查奇偶性与单调性的综合，考查学生分析解决问题的能力，比较基础．3．设与是两个不共线的向量，且向量与共线，则λ=( )A．0 B．﹣1 C．﹣2 D．﹣0.5【考点】平行向量与共线向量．【专题】平面向量及应用．【分析】把、可以作为平面向量的一组基底，求得向量和向量的坐标，再利用两个向量共线的性质，求得λ的值．【解答】解：方法1：因为向量与共线，所以存在实数x有=x[]=2x，则，解得．方法2：由于与是两个不共线的向量，故、可以作为平面向量的一组基底，故向量的坐标为（1，λ），向量的坐标为（2，﹣1）是且向量与共线，可得1×（﹣1）﹣2λ=0，解得λ=﹣，故选D．【点评】本题主要考查两个向量共线的性质，两个向量坐标形式的运算，属于基础题．4．已知函数f（x）=lnx，则函数g（x）=f（x）﹣f′（x）的零点所在的区间是( ) A．（0，1）B．（1，2）C．（2，3）D．（3，4）【考点】导数的运算；函数零点的判定定理．【专题】函数的性质及应用．【分析】求出函数f（x）的导函数，把f（x）及其导函数代入函数g（x）中，对函数g（x）求导可知函数g（x）是单调函数，且g（1）＜0，g（2）＞0，则函数g（x）的零点所在的区间可求．【解答】解：由f（x）=lnx，则，则g（x）=f（x）﹣f′（x）=lnx﹣．函数g（x）的定义域为（0，+∞），＞0在x∈（0，+∞）上恒成立，所以函数g（x）在（0，+∞）上为增函数，而g（1）=ln1﹣1=﹣1＜0，g（2）=ln2﹣=ln2﹣ln＞0．所以函数g（x）在区间（1，2）上有唯一零点．故选B．【点评】本题考查了导数的运算，考查了函数零点的存在性定理，在区间（a，b）上，如果函数f（x）满足f（a）•f（b）＜0，则函数f（x）在（a，b）上一定存在零点，此题是基础题．5．函数f（x）在定义域R内可导，若f（x）=f（2﹣x），且当x∈（﹣∞，1）时，（x﹣1）f′（x）＜0，设a=f（0），b=f（），c=f（3），则( )A．a＜b＜c B．c＜a＜b C．c＜b＜a D．b＜c＜a【考点】函数单调性的性质；利用导数研究函数的单调性．【专题】压轴题．【分析】根据f（x）=f（2﹣x）求出（x）的图象关于x=1对称，又当x∈（﹣∞，1）时，（x ﹣1）f′（x）＜0，x﹣1＜0，得到f′（x）＞0，此时f（x）为增函数，根据增函数性质得到即可．【解答】解：由f（x）=f（2﹣x）可知，f（x）的图象关于x=1对称，根据题意又知x∈（﹣∞，1）时，f′（x）＞0，此时f（x）为增函数，x∈（1，+∞）时，f′（x）＜0，f（x）为减函数，所以f（3）=f（﹣1）＜f（0）＜f（），即c＜a＜b，故选B．【点评】考查学生利用函数单调性来解决数学问题的能力．6．要得到一个奇函数，只需将函数的图象( )A．向右平移个单位B．向右平移个单位C．向左平移个单位D．向左平移个单位【考点】三角函数中的恒等变换应用；函数y=Asin（ωx+φ）的图象变换．【专题】计算题．【分析】函数即f（x）=2sin（x﹣），向左平移个单位可得y=2sinx 的图象，而函数y=2sinx 是奇函数，由此得出结论．【解答】解：函数=2sin（x﹣），向左平移个单位可得函数y=2sin[（x﹣）+]=2sinx 的图象，而函数y=2sinx 是奇函数，故选D．【点评】本题主要考查三角函数的恒等变换及化简求值，函数y=Asin（ωx+∅）的图象变换，属于中档题．7．已知函数f（x）=若f（2﹣x2）＞f（x），则实数x的取值范围是( )A．（﹣∞，﹣1）∪（2，+∞）B．（﹣∞，﹣2）∪（1，+∞）C．（﹣1，2）D．（﹣2，1）【考点】函数单调性的性质．【专题】计算题；函数的性质及应用．【分析】由x=0时分段函数两个表达式对应的函数值相等，可得函数图象是一条连续的曲线．结合对数函数和幂函数f（x）=x3的单调性，可得函数f（x）是定义在R上的增函数，由此将原不等式化简为2﹣x2＞x，不难解出实数x的取值范围．【解答】解：∵当x=0时，两个表达式对应的函数值都为零∴函数的图象是一条连续的曲线∵当x≤0时，函数f（x）=x3为增函数；当x＞0时，f（x）=ln（x+1）也是增函数∴函数f（x）是定义在R上的增函数因此，不等式f（2﹣x2）＞f（x）等价于2﹣x2＞x，即x2+x﹣2＜0，解之得﹣2＜x＜1，故选D【点评】本题给出含有对数函数的分段函数，求不等式的解集．着重考查了对数函数、幂函数的单调性和函数的图象与性质等知识，属于基础题．8．如图，在等腰直角△ABO中，设为AB上靠近点A的四等分点，过C作AB的垂线L，设P为垂线上任一点，，则=( )A． B．C． D．【考点】平面向量数量积的运算．【专题】计算题；平面向量及应用．【分析】P在线段AB的垂直平分线上，通过向量的加减运算，向量的数量积的运算即可得到结果．【解答】解：设AB中点为D，则，，⇒，∴===+=•=﹣=﹣故选A．【点评】本题考查线段垂直平方线的性质、向量的运算法则、向量模的平方等于向量的平方，考查转化计算能力．二、填空题（共6小题，每小题5分，满分30分）9．设集合A={﹣3，0，1}，B={t2﹣t+1}．若A∪B=A，则t=0或1．【考点】集合关系中的参数取值问题．【专题】计算题．【分析】A∪B=A等价于B⊆A，转化为t2﹣t+1∈A解决．【解答】解：由A∪B=A知B⊆A，∴t2﹣t+1=﹣3①t2﹣t+4=0，①无解或t2﹣t+1=0②，②无解或t2﹣t+1=1，t2﹣t=0，解得t=0或t=1．故答案为0或1．【点评】本题考查集合运算及基本关系，掌握好概念是基础．正确的转化和计算是关键．10．已知平面向量=（2，4），，若，则||=8．【考点】平面向量数量积的运算．【专题】平面向量及应用．【分析】由已知求出的坐标，然后进行模的计算．【解答】解：，∴，∴，∴故答案为：8．【点评】本题考查了平面向量的坐标运算以及向量模的求法；属于基础题．11．已知sin（30°+α）=，60°＜α＜150°，则cosα的值为．【考点】同角三角函数基本关系的运用；两角和与差的正弦函数．【专题】计算题．【分析】先利用α的范围确定30°+α的范围，进而利用同角三角函数的基本关系求得cos （30°+α）的值，最后利用两角和的余弦函数求得答案．【解答】解：∵60°＜α＜150°，∴90°＜30°+α＜180°．∵sin（30°+α）=，∴cos（30°+α）=﹣．∴cosα=cos[（30°+α）﹣30°]=cos（30°+α）•cos30°+sin（30°+α）•sin30°=﹣×+×=．故答案为：【点评】本题主要考查了同角三角函数的基本关系的运用和两角和与差的余弦函数．考查了学生综合运用所学知识解决问题的能力．12．奇函数f（x）的定义域为[﹣2，2]，若f（x）在[0，2]上单调递减，且f（1+m）+f（m）＜0，则实数m的取值范围是．【考点】奇偶性与单调性的综合．【专题】函数的性质及应用．【分析】由f（1+m）+f（m）＜0，结合已知条件可得﹣2＜3﹣2a＜2﹣a＜2，解不等式可求a的范围．【解答】解：∵函数函数f（x）定义域在[﹣2，2]上的奇函数，则由f（1+m）+f（m）＜0，可得f（1+m）＜﹣f（m）=f（﹣m）又根据条件知函数f（x）在定义域上单调递减，∴﹣2≤﹣m＜1+m≤2解可得，﹣＜m≤1．故答案为：．【点评】本题主要考查了函数的奇偶性及函数的单调性在抽象函数中的应用，及不等式的求解，属于基础试题．13．在边长为1的等边△ABC中，D为BC边上一动点，则的取值范围是[，1]．【考点】平面向量数量积的运算．【专题】平面向量及应用．【分析】由题意可得与的夹角等于120°，利用两个向量的数量积的定义计算等于1﹣•|BD|，结合0≤|BD|≤1 求得的取值范围．【解答】解：由题意可得与的夹角等于120°，∴==+=1+1×|BD|cos120°=1﹣•|BD|．由于D为BC边上一动点，故0≤|BD|≤1，∴≤1﹣•|BD|≤1，即的取值范围是[，1]，故答案为[，1]．【点评】本题主要考查两个向量的加减法的法则，以及其几何意义，两个向量的数量积的定义，属于中档题．14．已知定义在R上的函数y=f（x）对任意的x都满足f（x+1）=﹣f（x），当﹣1≤x＜1 时，f（x）=x3，若函数g（x）=f（x）﹣log a|x|至少6个零点，则a的取值范围是（0，]∪（5，+∞）．【考点】函数零点的判定定理；函数的周期性．【专题】函数的性质及应用．【分析】函数g（x）=f（x）﹣log a|x|的零点个数，即函数y=f（x）与y=log5|x|的交点的个数，由函数图象的变换，分别做出y=f（x）与y=log a|x|的图象，结合图象可得log a5＜1 或log a5≥﹣1，由此求得a的取值范围．【解答】解：根据题意，函数g（x）=f（x）﹣log a|x|的零点个数，即函数y=f（x）与y=log a|x|的交点的个数；f（x+2）=f（x），函数f（x）是周期为2的周期函数，又由当﹣1＜x≤1时，f（x）=x3，据此可以做出f（x）的图象，y=log a|x|是偶函数，当x＞0时，y=log a x，则当x＜0时，y=log a（﹣x），做出y=log a|x|的图象，结合图象分析可得：要使函数y=f（x）与y=log a|x|至少有6个交点，则log a5＜1 或log a5≥﹣1，解得a≥5，或0＜a≤，故（0，]∪（5，+∞），故答案为：（0，]∪（5，+∞）【点评】本题考查函数图象的变化与运用，涉及函数的周期性，对数函数的图象等知识点，关键是作出函数的图象，由此分析两个函数图象交点的个数，属于中档题．三、解答题（共6小题，满分80分）15．（13分）已知函数f（x）=sin2x﹣cos2x．（1）求函数f（x）的最小正周期；（2）求函数f（x）的单调递减区间；（3）求f（x）在区间[﹣，]上的最大值和最小值．【考点】三角函数中的恒等变换应用；正弦函数的图象．【专题】计算题；三角函数的图像与性质．【分析】（1）由三角函数中的恒等变换应用化简函数解析式可得f（x）=2sin（2x﹣），利用周期公式即可得解．（2）由2kπ≤2x﹣，k∈Z，可解得函数f（x）的单调递减区间．（3）由x∈[﹣，]，可求2x﹣∈[﹣，]，利用正弦函数的图象和性质即可得解．【解答】解：（1）∵f（x）=sin2x﹣cos2x=2sin（2x﹣），∴函数f（x）的最小正周期T=．（2）由2kπ≤2x﹣，k∈Z，可解得函数f（x）的单调递减区间为：[k，k]k∈Z．（3）∵x∈[﹣，]，∴2x﹣∈[﹣，]，∴sin（2x﹣）∈[﹣1，]，∴f（x）=2sin（2x﹣）在区间[﹣，]上的最大值为，最小值为﹣2．【点评】本题主要考查了三角函数中的恒等变换应用，正弦函数的图象和性质，属于基本知识的考查．16．（13分）在△ABC中，角A、B、C所对的边分别是a、b、c，向量，=（a﹣b，c），=（a﹣c，a+b），且与共线．（Ⅰ）求角B的大小；（Ⅱ）设y=2sin2C+cos，求y的最大值及此时角C的大小．【考点】余弦定理；平面向量数量积的运算；正弦定理．【专题】解三角形．【分析】（Ⅰ）由条件利用两个向量共线的性质求出cosB的值，可得B的值．（Ⅱ）利用三角形内角和公式、辅助角公式化简函数的解析式为y=sin（2C﹣）+1，利用正弦函数的值域求得它的最大值，及此时角C的大小．【解答】解：（Ⅰ）因与共线，所以（a﹣b）（a+b）﹣c（a﹣c）=0，即b2=a2+c2﹣ac，故．而0＜B＜π，所以．（Ⅱ）∵，∴，故y max=2，此时，因，所以．【点评】本题主要考查两个向量共线的性质，三角形内角和公式，辅助角公式，正弦函数的值域，属于基础题．17．（13分）已知函数f（x）=x3﹣ax2+（a2﹣1）x+b（a，b∈R）（Ⅰ）若x=1为f（x）的极值点，求实数a的值；（Ⅱ）若y=f（x）的图象在点（1，f（1））处的切线方程为x+y﹣3=0，求f（x）在区间[﹣1，4]上的最大值．【考点】利用导数研究曲线上某点切线方程；利用导数研究函数的极值．【专题】导数的概念及应用；导数的综合应用．【分析】（Ⅰ）求出导数，由题意可得f′（1）=0，解方程可得a；（Ⅱ）求出导数，求得切线的斜率和切点，解方程可得a，b，再由极值和区间[﹣1，4]的端点处的函数值，即可得到所求最大值．【解答】解：（Ⅰ）由已知得f′（x）=x2﹣2ax+a2﹣1，∵x=1是f（x）的极值点，∴f′（1）=0，即a2﹣2a=0．解a=0，或2．经检验合题意．故a=0或a=2；（Ⅱ）∵（1，f（1））是切点，∴由切线方程x+y﹣3=0可得1+f（1）﹣3=0，即f（1）=2，即．∵切线x+y﹣3=0的斜率为﹣1，∴f′（1）=﹣1，即a2﹣2a+1=0，即a=1．代入解得．∴．∴f′（x）=x2﹣2x，∴x=0和x=2是y=f（x）的两个极值点．∵，∴y=f（x）在[﹣1，4]上的最大值为8．【点评】本题考查导数的运用：求切线的斜率和单调区间、极值和最值，考查运算能力，属于中档题．18．（13分）在△ABC中，内角A，B，C所对的边分别为a，b，c，sin=，bsinA=asinC，c=1．（Ⅰ）求a的值和△ABC的面积；（Ⅱ）求sin（2A+）的值．【考点】两角和与差的正弦函数；两角和与差的余弦函数．【专题】三角函数的求值．【分析】（Ⅰ）△ABC中，由条件利用同角三角函数的基本关系、二倍角公式求得sinB、cosB 的值，再利用正弦定理求得sinC的值，可得cosC的值，可得sinA=sin（B+C）的值，再利用正弦定理求得a的值．（Ⅱ）求得cosA=﹣cos（B+C）的值，可得sinA的值，求得sin2A、cos2A的值，再利用两角和的正弦公式求得sin（2A+）的值．【解答】解：（Ⅰ）△ABC中，sin=，∴cos==，∴sinB=2sin cos=，cosB=1﹣2=，∴B为锐角．∵bsinA=asinC，利用正弦定理可得sinBsinA=sinAsinC，∴sinC==＜sinB，故C为锐角，cosC==，∴sinA=sin（B+C）=sinBcosC+cosBsinC=+=．再根据c=1，利用正弦定理=，可得=，求得a=3，故△ABC的面积为S=ac•sinB=×3×1×=．（Ⅱ）∵cosA=﹣cos（B+C）=sinBsinC﹣cosBcosC=﹣=﹣，∴sinA==，cos2A=1﹣2sin2A=1﹣2×=﹣，∴sin（2A+）=sin2Acos+cos2Asin=×﹣×=．【点评】本题主要考查同角三角函数的基本关系，二倍角公式，正弦定理，两角和的正弦公式，以及三角函数在各个象限中的符号，属于中档题．19．（14分）已知函数f（x）=lnx+x2﹣ax．（I）若函数f（x）在其定义域上是增函数，求实数a的取值范围；（II）当a=3时，求出f（x）的极值：（III）在（I）的条件下，若在x∈（0，1]内恒成立，试确定a的取值范围．【考点】导数在最大值、最小值问题中的应用；利用导数研究函数的极值．【专题】导数的综合应用．【分析】（Ⅰ）求出f′（x），因为函数在定义域上为增函数，所以f′（x）大于等于0恒成立，再利用基本不等式求出左边的最小值即可得到a的取值范围；（Ⅱ）先求导数，确定函数的单调区间．减区间与增区间的分界点为极值点，且当极值点左侧导数为正，右侧导数为负时，为极大值，当极值点左侧导数为负，右侧导数为正时，为极小值；（III）设=，求出函数的最大值，即可确定a的取值范围．【解答】解：（Ⅰ）函数f（x）=lnx+x2﹣ax（x＞0），则f′（x）=+2x﹣a（x＞0）．∵函数f（x）在（0，+∞）上是单调增函数，∴f′（x）≥0在（0，+∞）上恒成立，即+2x﹣a≥0在（0，+∞）上恒成立．∴+2x≥a．∵当x＞0时，+2x≥2，当且仅当=2x，即x=时等号成立．∴a的取值范围是（﹣∞，2]；（Ⅱ）当a=3时，当0＜x＜或x＞1时，f′（x）＞0，当＜x＜1时，f′（x）＜0∴f（x）在（0，）和（1，+∞）上是增函数，在（，1）上是减函数，∴f（x）极大值=f（）=﹣﹣ln2，f（x）极小值=f（1）=﹣2（III）设=∴g′（x）=∵a∈（﹣∞，2]，且x∈（0，1]∴g′（x）＞0∴g（x）在（0，1）内为增函数∴g（x）max=g（1）=2﹣a∵在x∈（0，1]内恒成立，∴2﹣a≤0，解得a≥2．【点评】本题考查学生会利用导数研究函数的单调性，考查函数的极值，考查恒成立问题，考查学生分析解决问题的能力，属于中档题．20．（14分）已知函数f（x）=x3+x2+ax+b（a，b为常数），其图象是曲线C．（1）当a=﹣2时，求函数f（x）的单调减区间；（2）设函数f（x）的导函数为f′（x），若存在唯一的实数x0，使得f（x0）=x0与f′（x0）=0同时成立，求实数b的取值范围；（3）已知点A为曲线C上的动点，在点A处作曲线C的切线l1与曲线C交于另一点B，在点B处作曲线C的切线l2，设切线l1，l2的斜率分别为k1，k2．问：是否存在常数λ，使得k2=λk1？若存在，求出λ的值；若不存在，请说明理由．【考点】利用导数研究函数的单调性；利用导数研究曲线上某点切线方程．【专题】压轴题；导数的综合应用．【分析】（1）先求原函数的导数，根据f′（x）＜0求得的区间是单调减区间，即可；（2）由于存在唯一的实数x0，使得f（x0）=x0与f′（x0）=0同时成立，则存在唯一的实数根x0，即b=2x3+x2+x存在唯一的实数根x0，就把问题转化为求函数最值问题；（3）假设存在常数λ，依据曲线C在点A处的切线l1与曲线C交于另一点B，曲线C在点B处的切线l2，得到关于λ的方程，有解则存在，无解则不存在．【解答】解：（1）当a=﹣2时，函数f（x）=x3+x2﹣2x+b则f′（x）=3x2+5x﹣2=（3x﹣1）（x+2）令f′（x）＜0，解得﹣2＜x＜，所以f（x）的单调递减区间为（﹣2，）；（2）函数f（x）的导函数为由于存在唯一的实数x0，使得f（x0）=x0与f′（x0）=0同时成立，则即x3+x2+（﹣3x2﹣5x﹣1）x+b=0存在唯一的实数根x0，故b=2x3+x2+x存在唯一的实数根x0，令y=2x3+x2+x，则y′=6x2+5x+1=（2x+1）（3x+1）=0，故x=﹣或x=﹣，则函数y=2x3+x2+x在（﹣∞，），（﹣，+∞）上是增函数，在（，﹣）上是减函数，由于x=﹣时，y=﹣；x=﹣时，y=﹣；故实数b的取值范围为：（﹣∞，﹣）∪（﹣，+∞）；（3）设点A（x0，f（x0）），则在点A处的切线l1的切线方程为y﹣f（x0）=f′（x0）（x﹣x0），与曲线C联立得到f（x）﹣f（x0）=f′（x0）（x﹣x0），即（x3+x2+ax+b）﹣（x03+x02+ax0+b）=（3x02+5x0+a）（x﹣x0），整理得到（x﹣x0）2[x+（2x0+）]=0，故点B的横坐标为x B=﹣（2x0+）由题意知，切线l1的斜率为k1=f′（x0）=3x02+5x0+a，l2的斜率为k2=f′（﹣（2x0+））=12x02+20x0++a，若存在常数λ，使得k2=λk1，则12x02+20x0++a=λ（3x02+5x0+a），即存在常数λ，使得（4﹣λ）（3x02+5x0）=（λ﹣1）a﹣，故，解得λ=4，a=，故a=时，存在常数λ=4，使得k2=4k1；a≠时，不存在常数，使得k2=4k1．【点评】本题以函数为载体，考查导数知识的运用，考查函数的单调性，考查曲线的切线，同时还考查了方程根的问题，一般要转化为函数的最值来解决．。

天津市武清区杨村第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷一、单项选择1．— Mum, I gained a full mark in the first English test.— _________! Your hard work in the summer holidays was finally repaid.A．Good luck B．Good for you C．Go ahead D．Good idea2．I try my best at school to live up to my parents’ expectations in order that I will not ________.A．turn them down B．let them down C．make them up D．help them out 3．He performed beyond everyone’s ________ with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.A．comprehension B．description C．expectations D．expression4．The Chinese people______the spring festival with a wide range of events.A．spend B．present C．observe D．appreciate5．The poet’s strong love for his country is________ in his recent published poems.A．awarded B．reflected C．recognized D．recovered6．If you have health examination________, any disease you may have can be discovered early.A．regularly B．particularly C．gradually D．typically 7．People were left________ when they saw the flood water rising so fast.A．in particular B．in panic C．in sight D．in order 8．—That important document is nowhere to be seen.—Don't worry! You ___________ it somewhere. Calm down and think it over.A．might leave B．might have left C．should leave D．should have left 9．Although the scientist is over 80 years old, he still devotes himself to his research, ______ moved many people greatly.A．which B．what C．that D．where10．______ impressed me most was that those disabled athletes tried their best to compete in the games.A．That B．It C．What D．Which11．_______ arguments over “stupid things” now and then, Alistair agrees that having a brother isan advantage.A．Although B．Despite C．While D．Whether12．A fisherman claimed to have witnessed a giant sea turtle this morning _______ almost two meters long.A．measured B．having measured C．measuring D．to be measured 13．—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?—I went to Ningxia and_______there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.A．had lived B．live C．am living D．lived 14．（2018·江苏）Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.A．having exceeded B．to exceedC．exceeded D．exceeding15．— I’m afraid I can’t win the competition.— Don’t worry. As long as you _________, you will make it.A．go all out B．play safe C．take the lead D．take your time二、完形填空My faith in human nature has never been so great as it was last weekend after our family get-together in the town of Vail.On Saturday, we all went to the market right in the middle of the town. Near the end, we all16 at the fountain near the bridge, and the kids waded（蹚水）around in the fountain until we17 . This is one of the busiest walking streets.After we returned to the hotel late in the afternoon, my 7-year-old son Ponder 18 that nowhere could he find his backpack, which 19 his Gameboy and his watch. After a thorough 20 we determined that he must have left it at the fountain.Ponder has never 21 anything. So we just take for granted that he needs no supervision（指导）for managing his 22 .He was upset, not about the Gameboy, but about the watch. "But Dad," he said, through massive 23 , "they don't make that kind of watch anymore." We were all very 24 .Our dinner reservation was at a restaurant just on the other side of the bridge, so I 25him that we would not only search the area around the fountain when we went back for dinner, but we would also find the police and ask them if the backpack had been 26 .As we exited from the parking garage, we could see the fountain as we walked down the long staircase. I saw something black 27 there, but it was right next to a woman standing by the fountain, so I could not 28 what it was or if it was hers."See it, Dad?" Ponder shouted. "Don't get too 29 because that may not be it," I said. But that was it. It had been five or six hours since we left the fountain, and it was 30 there. There was no ID in it, and it looked like someone had looked through it and then set it right out where all could 31 it.I literally 32 when we reached it and it was his！Everyone in our party was blown away by this "miracle（奇迹）". In my wildest 33 , I would never have imagined that this could happen nowadays.What a charmed life, eh? I believe this was a perfect 34 for a child in losing something important…to lose it and feel the full 35 of that loss, and then to miraculously get it back.16．A．drove B．hiked C．met D．united 17．A．landed B．left C．settled D．slept 18．A．responded B．recognized C．realised D．recalled 19．A．contained B．combined C．comprised D．covered 20．A．preparation B．checkup C．revision D．search 21．A．wasted B．lost C．sough D．deserted 22．A．emotion B．time C．money D．stuff 23．A．tears B．fists C．reliefs D．outbreaks 24．A．hesitant B．curious C．sad D．eager 25．A．promised B．informed C．warned D．taught 26．A．worn out B．caught up C．put away D．turned in 27．A．hiding B．sitting C．swinging D．flowing 28．A．assess B．declare C．tell D．predict 29．A．excited B．puzzled C．relaxed D．amused 30．A．already B．even C．almost D．still31．A．take B．see C．touch D．protect 32．A．panicked B．exploded C．collapsed D．cried 33．A．dreams B．claims C．efforts D．passions 34．A．mode B．lesson C．option D．plot 35．A．range B．pressure C．weight D．harvest三、阅读理解The popularity of studying abroad is growing increasingly, and what are growing along with it are the people who want to share their experiences and the amount of information available. Here are some blogs that can help you if you plan to study abroad.“From I to U” Overseas Study Abroad BlogAmong thousands of colleges in the USA, Indiana University’s Office of Overseas Study is by far the best at promoting studying abroad. Students of Indiana University write blogs each term. They provide hands-on information about their locations, academic interest and cultural experiences on the “From I to U” Overseas Study Abroad Blog in an effort to help you earn IU credits in over 37 countries. Not an IU student? Check it out anyway.CIS AbroadLike most other study abroad organizations, CIS Abroad is committed to giving you the best value in studying abroad, i.e. affordability, support, cultural immersion (沉浸) and academic relevance. What most people find unique about CIS is their La Vida Local culture series, which aims to help you see where the locals eat, shop and hang out. You can also learn to understand the culture in your host country.Abroad101 BlogIt is the first and largest study abroad review website. Founded in 2007, Abroad101 providesin-depth study abroad reviews and listings of thousands of study abroad programs. It has a wealth of information covering study abroad news, stories, and advice.CEA Study Abroad CEA prides itself on making the administrative aspect of studying abroad as easy as possible for you. Along with helping you find the right program and financial aid, it also helps you know the student visa process, select housing, prepare for your health and safety in your host country, and make sure your credits transfer (转到) to your home university.36．Who would most probably be attracted to the “From I to U” Overseas Study Abroad Blog?A．Non-IU students who want to share their life.B．Teachers of Indiana University who love sharing stories.C．Students interested in Indiana University’s students’ life.D．Parents wanting to get professional views on studying abroad.37．What’s the purpose of the La Vida Local culture series?A．To help students learn about local life.B．To advertise the traditional local culture.C．To encourage students to adopt a healthy lifestyle.D．To tell about differences among different cultures.38．Where can students find many study abroad programs?A．On CIS Abroad.B．On Abroad101 Blog.C．On CEA Study Abroad.D．On “From I to U” Overseas Study Abroad Blog.39．What is a feature of CEA Study Abroad?A．Making students feel proud of themselves.B．Putting foreign students’ health and safety first.C．Helping students with the administrative process.D．Helping students gain enough credits in key subjects.40．What is the text meant to do?A．To encourage students to study abroad.B．To recommend some study abroad blogs.C．To help international students adapt to their new life.D．To call on people to share experiences of studying aboard.Growing up as a kid in the UK, I was fascinated by insects. Wanting to protect them, I started building houses for ants, using little pieces of wood and leaves. I then moved on to making little cups and saucers from silver foil (箔纸) for the magical creatures. When seeing my work, my mother told me that the smaller I made things, the bigger my name would become.As the years went by, my designs became more complicated. Making sculptures isn’t actually enjoyable. I sometimes work for 16 hours a day without breaks, and it takes me up tothree months to finish a sculpture. I have to hold my breath during the sculpting process.One time, a fly landed on a Cinderella carriage sculpture I was working on. The fly’s wings blew it away, and it was lost. I was heartbroken. Another time, I accidentally breathed in a microscopic Alice from Alice in Wonderland. Alice is now in the Wonderland forever. But it did give me the chance to make an even better one the second time around.My sculptures have taken me to incredible places. In 2012, I met the queen, giving her a crown on the head of a pin. In 2013, I received my first Guinness World Record for creating the smallest sculpture by hand, a 24- carat gold motorbike that fitted inside a hair. In 2017, I beat my record with a sculpture of a human fetus (胎儿) that measured 0. 078 mm by 0. 053 mm.I was diagnosed with autism (自闭症) as an adult. In school, my teachers had pointed me out as an example of failure; now, I see my autism as a gift. It’s pushed me to be the best I can be.I hold workshops in schools for neurodiverse children, sharing my story and helping them create their own miniature figures.The microscopic world has always been my happy place. I’ve tried to make bigger sculptures, but small- is best for me. We need to appreciate the little things in life. Small things can also be mighty, too.41．What drove the author to make tiny sculpture at the beginning?A．His interest in insects.B．His desire to make a name.C．His dream of setting a record.D．His awareness of wildlife protection. 42．Which of the following can best describe the author’s sculpting process?A．Eventful and enjoyable.B．Complex and frustrating.C．Money- wasting but entertaining.D．Time- consuming but fulfilling. 43．Which is NOT the theme of the author’s sculptures?A．Houses for ants B．Little cups and saucers.C．Fairy tales.D．Historical events.44．How does the author deal with his autism now?A．He receives medical treatment.B．He takes full advantage of it.C．He regards it as the source of failure.D．He shares it and asks help from others. 45．What message does the author mainly convey through the text?A．Great art comes at a cost of loss.B．Childhood experiences sculpt a career.C．Minor things in life can carry weight.D．Hard work contributes to great achievements.For decades, scientists thought of the brain as the most valuable and consequently most closely guarded part of the body. Locked safely behind the blood-brain barrier, it was broadly free of the harm of viruses and the battles started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: is the brain really so separated from the body? The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no.The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the makeup of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy could lead to brain diseases in babies.The effect is two-way. There is a lengthening list of symptoms not typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system, but the brain plays a large part in them. For example, the development of a fever is influenced by a population of nerve cells that control body temperature and appetite. Evidence is mounting that cancers use nerves to grow and spread.The interconnection between the brain and body has promising implications for our ability to both understand and treat illnesses. If some brain disorders start outside the brain, then perhaps treatments for them could also reach in from outside. Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier.It also works in the opposite direction. Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven.46．What do the researchers focus on about the brain?A．Its protecting system.B．Its exposure to diseases.C．Its controlling function.D．Its connection to the body.47．How does the author support his idea in paragraph 2?A．By explaining a theory.B．By providing examples.C．By making comparisons.D．By presenting cause and effect. 48．Which best describes treatments that do not cross the blood-brain barrier?A．Cheaper.B．More specific.C．Safer.D．More direct.49．What does the study suggest in the last paragraph?A．Brain health depends on immune changes.B．Brain stimulation leads to negative emotions.C．The brain can help enhance psychological health.D．The brain may be key to treating physical diseases.Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner. ”People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through others’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it’s true that you can’t please all people all of the time, wouldn’t it make sense to stop trying?Unfortunately, sense often isn’t driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked, and caring about the effect we have on others, is healthy and allows us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent on whether we win someone’s approval or not.This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us: Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others so, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still afraid of being abandoned.As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek, your need for external approval will start to disappear, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happierin your life. Jmagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our authentic selves in an effort to be liked.If we base our worth on the opinions of others, we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves, because ultimately, there is no difference. So embrace the cliché (老话) and love yourself as you’ll not regret it. 50．What can we conclude from Lao Zi’s quotation?A．We should see through other people’s attempt to make a prisoner of us.B．We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can.C．We can never be truly free if we care about others’ opinion of us.D．We should care about other people’s view as much as they care about our own. 51．What will happen if we base our self- worth on other people’s approval?A．Our desire to be loved will be fulledB．Our Identity as social beings will be affected.C．Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting.D．Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced.52．What may be the reason for our need to be liked or approved of?A．Our desperate longing for interactions with others.B．Our understanding of the workings of the world.C．Our knowledge about the pain of being abandoned.D．Our early childhood fear of being abandoned.53．What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval?A．Enjoy a happier life.B．Exercise self- restraint.C．Receive more external approval.D．Strengthen our power of imagination. 54．What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?A．Embrace life for others.B．Love ourselves as we are.C．See our experiences as our wealth.D．Base our worth on others’ opinions.阅读下面短文，请根据短文后的要求答题。

天津市武清区杨村第一中学2023-2024学年高三考前第一次热身练地理试卷一、单选题天津市地处海河下游，渤海之滨，地理位置优越。

下图为天津市位置图和滨海新区发电厂示意图。

完成下面小题。

1．天津“地处九河要津，陆通七省舟车”，是南北大运河的交汇处，拥有独特的地域文化。

下列说法不正确的是（）A．天津作为运河古城，漕运文化使天津运河两岸孕育了灿烂多姿的非物质文化遗产B．天津曾是皇家后花园，受京师文化的影响很深C．天津是最早的通商口岸之一，租界文化呈现中西杂揉、相互借鉴的特征D．滨海新区的开发建设，冲击了天津传统地域文化2．下列有关天津资源开发利用的描述正确的是（）A．天津沿海地区建设风力发电厂优化了天津城市空间结构B．风力发电具有稳定、清洁、可再生等优点C．滨海新区石油、海盐等资源丰富，促进了滨海新区的发展D．依靠大港发电厂的余热淡化海水，解决了天津地区的水资源短缺问题冬季风南下常在云贵地区形成准静止锋。

下图为该地区某一准静止锋减弱阶段不同时刻的天气形势图。

完成下面小题。

3．按时间先后顺序排列，正确的是（）A．①①①B．①①①C．①①①D．①①①4．符合图①中甲地的气温垂直变化的图示是（）A．B．C．D．坦噶尼喀湖（图左）是世界第二深的湖泊，旱季（8～10月）风向稳定、风力强劲。

该湖与大气之间的热量传输主要通过传导对流和潜热输送。

图右示意1995年6月～1996年6月坦噶尼喀湖△T（即湖水温度减湖区气温的差）的变化。

完成下面小题。

5．推测与北美五大湖的雨季相比，坦噶尼喀湖的雨季潜热输送多，主要是因为（）A．传导对流弱B．湖泊面积大C．湖水温度高于气温D．湖面湿度高于陆面6．与图示其他时段相比，8～10月坦噶尼喀湖①T较小，主要是因为该时段（）A．湖面长波辐射强B．大气保温作用强C．湖面潜热输送少D．底层冷湖水上泛下图示意某区域地质地形图，图中岩层轻微褶皱，断层西南一侧岩层有明显的沉降。

完成下面小题。

7．下列说法正确的是（）A．曾受到西北—东南方向的水平挤压B．断层发生在褶皱之前C．地势西南高、东北低D．河流沿断层线发育8．若图中T岩层中发现大量鱼类化石，则该岩层形成的地质年代（）A．安第斯山脉形成B．蕨类植物出现并逐渐繁盛C．爬行动物繁荣，鸟类出现D．是最重要的铁矿成矿期冻土与高寒区域的水循环和水平衡关系密切。

2023-2024学年天津市武清区杨村第一中学高三上学期第一次月考物理试题1.物理学是集科学知识、科学方法和科学思维为一体的学科。

下列有关科学思维方法的叙述正确的是（）A．图甲所示，在观察桌面的微小形变时，运用了极限思维法B．图乙所示“探究两个互成角度的力的合成规律”实验中，运用了理想模型法C．图丙所示的“探究向心力大小与质量、角速度、轨道半径的关系”实验中，运用了类比法D．图丁为著名的伽利略斜面实验，运用了理想实验法2.某款机械表中有两个相互咬合的齿轮A、B，如图所示，齿轮A、B的齿数之比为，齿轮匀速转动时，则A、B齿轮的（）A．周期之比B．角速度之比为C．边缘各点的线速度大小之比D．转速之比为3.某跳水运动员在训练时，自离开跳台开始计时到完全落入水中，其速度随时间变化情况可简化为如图所示，规定竖直向下为正方向，不计空气阻力。

下列说法正确的是（）A．0～t2为空中运动时间，该段时间内，速度始终竖直向下B．在t2～t3时间内，加速度大小逐渐增大C．在0～t1时间内，平均速度D．在t2～t3时间内，平均速度4.如图，一位运动员在拔河时身体缓慢向后倾倒，在此期间运动员与地面的夹角θ逐渐减小，但仍保持平衡状态，脚与水平地面之间没有滑动，绳子的方向始终保持水平。

在运动员缓慢向后倾倒过程中（）A．地面对运动员的支持力大小变大B．地面对运动员的摩擦力大小不变C．地面对运动员的作用力大小变大D．地面对运动员的作用力大小不变5. 2022年2月7日，我国的单板滑雪选手苏翊鸣在北京冬奥会单板滑雪男子坡面障碍技巧赛中勇夺银牌。

如图为苏翊鸣在比赛中的某个阶段过程图，在同一水平线上，为最高点。

不计空气阻力，将苏翊鸣视为质点，且苏翊鸣在同一竖直面内运动，则苏翊鸣在空中运动过程中（）A．从到与从到的过程中速度的B．选手做的是变加速曲线运动变化量相同C．在最高点时选手处于平衡状态D．从到的过程中，选手先超重后失重6.如图甲，一个物块放在水平面上，在两个恒力F1、F2作用下做匀速直线运动。

杨村第一中学2023-2024学年高考冲刺模拟化学试题注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2．答题时请按要求用笔。

3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

一、选择题（每题只有一个选项符合题意）1、研究表明，氮氧化物和二氧化硫在形成雾霾时与大气中的氨有关（如下图所示）。

下列叙述错误的是A ．雾和霾的分散剂相同B ．雾霾中含有硝酸铵和硫酸铵C ．NH 3是形成无机颗粒物的催化剂D ．雾霾的形成与过度施用氮肥有关 2、下列图示与对应的叙述相符的是( )。

A ．表示反应A+B=C+D 的()1H a c kJ mol -∆=+-⋅B ．表示不同温度下溶液中+H 和-OH 浓度变化曲线，a 点对应温度高于b 点C．针对N2+3H2=2NH3的反应，图Ⅲ表示1t时刻可能是减小了容器内的压强D．表示向醋酸稀溶液中加水时溶液的导电性变化，图中p点pH大于q点3、高铁酸钾（K2FeO4）是一种环保、高效、多功能饮用水处理剂，制备流程如图所示：下列叙述错误的是A．用K2FeO4作水处理剂时，既能杀菌消毒又能净化水B．反应I中尾气可用FeCl2溶液吸收再利用C．反应II中氧化剂与还原剂的物质的量之比为3:2D．该条件下，物质的溶解性：Na2 FeO4< K2FeO44、某固体样品可能含有K+、Ca2+、NH4+、Cl-、CO32-、SO42-中的几种离子。

将该固体样品分为等质量的两份，进行如下实验(不考虑盐类的水解及水的电离)：(1)一份固体溶于水得无色透明溶液，加入足量BaCl2溶液，得沉淀6.63g，在沉淀中加入过量稀盐酸，仍有4.66g沉淀。

(2)另一份固体与过量NaOH固体混合后充分加热，产生使湿润的红色石蕊试纸变蓝色的气体0.672L(标准状况)(假设气体全部逸出)。

物理Ⅰ.选择题一、单项选择题（本题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）1．下列关于原子和原子核的说法正确的是()A. β衰变现象说明电子是原子核的组成部分B．玻尔理论的假设之一是原子能量的量子化C．放射性元素的半衰期随温度的升高而变短D．比结合能越小表示原子核中的核子结合得越牢固2．有关氢原子光谱的说法不正确的是()A.氢原子的发射光谱是连续谱B.氢原子光谱说明氢原子只发出特定频率的光C.氢原子光谱说明氢原子能级是分立的D.巴耳末公式反映了氢原子辐射光子频率的分立特性3．用α粒子轰击铝核(2713Al)，在变为磷核(3015P)的同时释放一个x粒子，磷核(3015P)具有放射性，14Si)的同时释放一个y粒子，则x粒子和y粒子分别是()它在衰变为硅核(30A．质子和电子B．质子和正电子C．中子和电子D．中子和正电子[4．卢瑟福α粒子散射实验的结果A.证明了质子的存在B.证明了原子核是由质子和中子组成的C.说明原子的全部正电荷和几乎全部质量都集中在一个很小的核上D.说明原子的电子只能在某些不连续的轨道上运动5.在匀强磁场中有一个原来静止的碳14原子核发生了某种衰变，已知放射出的粒子速度方向及反冲核的速度方向均与磁场方向垂直，它们在滋场中运动的径迹是两个相内切的圆，两圆的直径之比为7：1，如右图所示。

则碳14的衰变方程为（）A．146C → 01e + 145B B．146C → 42He + 104BeC．146C → 21H + 125B D．146C → 0-1e + 147N6．如图所示电路可研究光电效应规律。

图中标有A和K的为光电管。

理想电流计可检测通过光电管的电流，理想电压表用来指示光电管两端的电压。

现接通电源，用光子能量为10.5eV的光照射阴极K，电流计中有示数，若将滑动变阻器的滑片P缓慢向左滑动，电流计的读数逐渐减小，当滑至某一位置时电流计的读数恰好为零，读出此时电压表的示数为6.0V；现保持滑片P的位置不变，以下判断正确的是（）A．光电管阴极材料的逸出功为4.5eVB．若增大入射光的强度，电流计的读数不为零C.保持光强不变，若将滑片P由O向B逐渐滑动，电压表示数增大，电流计中电流将一直增大。

生物杨永智一、选择题（共50分，每小题1分）1．甲型H1N1流感病毒的H和N分别指的是病毒表面两大类蛋白质——血细胞凝集素和神经氨酸酶，病毒结构如下。

下列叙述中正确的是( )A．病毒表面的两类蛋白质是在类脂层内合成的B．该病毒的遗传信息储存在脱氧核苷酸的排列顺序中C．甲型H1N1流感病毒一定含有C、H、O、N、P等化学元素D．利用高温等常规方法难以杀灭甲型H1N1流感病毒2．下列诸项均是有关显微镜操作的表述，其中错误的操作是（）A．标本染色较深，应选用凹面反光镜和大光圈B．若转换高倍物镜观察，需先升高镜筒，以免镜头碰坏装片C．将位于视野内左上方的图像移向中央，应向左上方移动装片D．转换高倍物镜之后，只能使用细准焦螺旋进行调节3．下列是表示①②③④四个框图内所包括生物的共同特征的叙述，正确的是A.框图①内都是原核生物，且都能发生突变B.框图②内的生物都不含叶绿素，且都是分解者C.框图③内的生物都具有细胞结构，且都有细胞壁D.框图④内都是异养生物，且都能分裂生殖4．下列生物中，不属于真核生物的是 ( )①噬菌体②蓝藻③酵母菌④乳酸菌⑤支原体⑥水绵⑦小球藻⑧葡萄球菌⑨链球菌⑩青霉菌A.①②④⑤⑧⑨B.①②③④⑦⑨C.①③④⑤⑧⑩D.②④⑤⑥⑦⑩5．下列各项组合中，能体现生命系统由简单到复杂的正确层次是（）①心脏②血液③神经元④一株蒲公英⑤细胞内蛋白质等化合物⑥噬菌体⑦同一片草地上的所有山羊⑧一个湖泊⑨一个池塘所有生物⑩一片草地的所有昆虫A. ⑤⑥③②④⑦⑧B. ③②①④⑦⑨⑧C. ③②①④⑦⑩⑨⑧D. ⑤②①③④⑦⑨⑧6．19世纪科学家提出了细胞学说，其意义在于①认识到细胞的多样性②明确了生物体结构的差异性③揭示出细胞的统一性④标志着生物学研究进入细胞水平A.①③B. ①②C.②④D.③④7．不同的放大倍数下，所呈现的视野分别为甲和乙(如图所示)，下列相关叙述正确的是（）(1(2 (3)（4）（5）（6）A.1个B.3个C.4个D.至少3个15．在胰岛β细胞中先合成胰岛素原，胰岛素原再通过蛋白酶的水解作用，生成胰岛素(如图所示)。

杨村一中2015届高三年级第一次热身练物理学科试卷一、单项选择题（本题共5小题，每小题6分，共30分。

在每小题给出的4个选项中，只有一个选项正确）1．一个电子在静电场中运动，若其只受电场力的作用，则在一段时间内A．电子的速率一定增大 B．电子的速率一定减小C．电子的速率可能不变 D．电子一定做匀变速运动2. 一根长为L的细绳，一端系一小球，另一端悬挂于O点．将小球拉起使细绳与竖直方向成60°角．在O点正下方A、B、C三处先后钉一光滑小钉，使小球由静止摆下后分别被三个不同位置的钉子挡住．已知OA＝AB＝BC＝CD=L/4，如图所示，则小球继续摆动的最大高度h A、h B、h C（与D点的高度差）之间的关系是A．h A= h B = h C B．h A= h B > h C C．h A>h B = h C D．h A>h B > h C3. 如图所示，一理想变压器的原线圈匝数为n1=1000匝，副线圈匝数为n2=200匝，电阻R=8.8，原线圈接入电压u=220sin100t(V)的交流电源，交流电压表和交流电流表对电路的影响可忽略不计，则下列说法正确的是A.副线圈交变电流的频率是100 HzB．t=1s时刻，电压表的示数为0C.变压器的输入电功率为220WD.电流表的示数为10A4．半径为r带缺口的刚性金属圆环在纸面上固定放置，在圆环的缺口两端引出两根导线，分别与两块垂直于纸面固定放置的平行金属板连接，两板间距为d，如图（左）所示．有一变化的磁场垂直于纸面，规定向内为正，变化规律如图（右）所示．在t=0时刻平板之间中心有一重力不计，电荷量为q的静止微粒，则以下说法正确的是A．第2秒内上极板为正极B．第3秒内上极板为负极C．第2秒末微粒回到了原来位置D．第3秒末两极板之间的电场强度大小为0.2πr2/d5．正在粗糙水平面上滑动的物块，从t1时刻到时刻t2受到水平恒力F的作用，在这段时间内物块做直线运动，已知物块在t1时刻的速度与t2时刻的速度大小相等，则在此过程中A．F可能对物块做正功 B．物块的位移可能为零C．物块动量的变化一定为零 D．物块可能做匀速直线运动二、多项选择题（本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分。

杨村一中2015届高三年级第一次热身练英语学科试卷本试卷分第I卷（选择题）、第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。

第I卷1至 9 页，第II卷10 至 11 页。

考试结束后，将答题卡收回。

祝各位考生考试顺利！第I卷选择题 (共95分)注意事项：1. 答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用2B铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2. 选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再填涂其它答案，不能答在试卷上。

3. 本卷共55小题，满分95分。

第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）1. —David didn’t invite us to his wedding party.—______? I don’t care. After all, we don’t get along quite well with him.A. How comeB. So whatC. What forD. What if2. It is hoped that the civil war will come to _____ end soon and people there can lead _____ peaceful life.A. an; aB. the; aC. an; theD. the; the3. Compared with the long-standing friendship between the two countries, their boundary dispute is only a(n) __________ and limited issue.A. contemporaryB. permanentC. temporaryD. aggressive4. —My phone was ______ and I didn’t realize it until this morning.—No wonder I couldn’t get through last night.A. out of dateB. out of placeC. out of orderD. out of reach5. To ________ a good command of English, she spends nearly three hours every day on the language.A. acquireB. requireC. admitD. adopt6. Jane has many new friends in the school, ________ she shared her feelings.A. with whichB. to whomC. for whichD. with whom7. — Have you watched the movie?— Yes. I ______ it three times while I was in the university.A. had watchedB. watchedC. have watchD. was watching8. When arranging our work, we should ________unforeseen circumstances.A. answer forB. allow forC. account forD. head for9. I’m waiting for the group to decide our traveling plan ________ making it myself.A. rather thanB. other thanC. apart fromD. far from10. —They will try to catch you out, ________ do have all your answers well prepared.—Thank you. I’ll try my bestA. butB. andC. soD. or11. Never before ________ I should have the opportunity to live with so many kind neighbors.A. did I imagineB. I imagineC. I have imaginedD. have I imaginedWhat I really doubt is ________ the western media, as they say, is really that objective and just.A. whichB. whatC. whetherD. that12. The writer always carries a notebook along with him, ______ he is seized by sudden inspiration.A. even thoughB. in caseC. now thatD. the momentIt is considered that there is a ten-month supply of newly-built houses ________ in our city.A．to be sold B．having sold C．selling D．sold15. We spent too much time on shopping, otherwise we _______ the temple dating back to Ming Dynasty yesterday.A. visitedB. had visitedC. would have visitedD. would visited第二节：完型填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）There are many brands of chocolate. If you love it, you can’t forget DOVE -- the most famous chocolate brand. But d o you know what the meaning of DOVE is?Dove chocolate is born because of 16 . One day in 1919 Princess Bazaar of Luxembourg's royal family first met the royal kitchen helper Leon. Many nights Leon slipped into the kitchen and 17 various ice creams for Bazaar. They soon fell in love. Unfortunately owing to their quite different social 18 , both of them had to 19 the deep feelings in heart.Afterwards Bazaar was made to 20 an arranged royal marriage against her wishes. For many days Leon could not see Bazaar, and he was burning with 21 . Finally Bazaar turned up at the table a month later. While serving desserts, Leon22 the letters "DOVE" which is an abbreviation of DO YOU LOVE ME with hot chocolate on Bazaar's ice cream. Le on 23 that Bazaar could understand his feeling.A few days later, Bazaar got 24 . Leon, broken-hearted, could not 25 the mental suffering and left for America, where he and his own family 26 a candy store years later but lived unhappily.Many years later, they met again before Bazaar’s death. Bazaar 27 that she did eat the ice cream that afternoon but didn't see the 28 letters and also didn't receive any promise from Leon and she had to __29__ to her fate and missed hi m all her lifetime.Hearing this, Leon broke down in tears. If that chocolate had been 30 , those letters would never have melted and h e would not have lost his last 31 . Leon decided to create a solid chocolate which can 32 a long time.After lots of research, he succeeded and each piece of chocolate was 33 engraved(刻) with the letters–DOVE. It is a 34 of the love between Leon and Bazaar.Now more and more people fall in love with this chocolate. Giving someone DOVE means sending the__35 _of love DO YOU LOVE ME?16. A. anger B. sorrow C. love D. envy17. A. served B. made C. drew D. heated18. A. opinion B. view C. attitude D. status19. A. discover B. forget C. bury D. struggle20. A. know B. accept C. try D. practise21. A. sympathy B. impatience C. joy D. humor22. A. mixed B. sent C. wrote D. pressed23. A. allowed B. promised C. declared D. expected24. A. married B. sick C. bored D. changed25. A. repeat B. bear C. reduce D. keep26. A. supported B. found C. ran D. sold27. A. learned B. recalled C. heard D. believed28. A. annoying B. confusing C. interesting D. melting29. A. give in B. give up C. give out D. give away30. A. powerful B. liquid C. solid D. frozen31. A. belief B. promise C. courage D. chance32. A. eat B. preserve C. miss D. sell33. A. quickly B. happily C. firmly D. lightly34. A. symbol B. sign C. survey D. study35. A. story B. secret C. rumor D. whisper第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。