最新高考英语完形填空文体及题型分析
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完形填空题型解读一、完形填空题型概述完形填空(Cloze test)是一种综合性很强的测试题型,它集阅读理解、语法知识、词汇辨析等考查内容于一体。
在人教版教材中,完形填空也是常见的练习和测试形式。
二、示例题目与解析(20题)(一)题目1I have a good friend. His name is Tom. Tom is an 1 (A. American; B. America; C. Americas) boy. He is from New York. He is thirteen years old. He 2 (A. like; B. likes; C. liked) sports very much. He often plays football with his classmates after school. Tom also 3 (A. love; B. loves; C. loving) music. He thinks music is very relaxing. He can play the guitar 4 (A. good; B. well; C. nice).解析:1. 答案为A。
“American”是形容词,用来修饰“boy”,表示“美国的男孩”;“America”是名词,意为“美国”;没有“Americas”这种形式。
2. 答案为B。
主语“He”是第三人称单数,一般现在时中,动词要用第三人称单数形式,“like”的第三人称单数形式是“likes”。
3. 答案为B。
同理,主语“Tom”是第三人称单数,“love”的第三人称单数形式是“loves”。
4. 答案为B。
这里需要一个副词来修饰动词“play”,“well”是副词,“good”和“nice”是形容词。
(二)题目2There is a big supermarket near my home. It 5 (A. open; B. opens; C. opened) at 8:00 in the morning and closes at 9:00 in the evening. There are 6 (A. much; B. many; C. lot) of things in it. You can buy food, clothes, books and so on. I often go there with my mother. We usually buy some 7 (A. fruit; B. fruits; C. a fruit). My mother likes apples and bananas, 8 (A. but; B. or; C. and) I like strawberries.解析:5. 答案为B。
高考英语完形填空命题特点:1. 短文长度200词左右,生词少,难度适中。
2. 首句无空格,提供语境。
5-10词设一人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。
隔词数越少,题目越难;反之亦然。
3. 选项多为一词,偶会为词组。
四选项为同一类词或属同一范畴,或近义或形异义,或与前后配成词组。
故干扰性、迷性大。
4.考查单词以实词(v.,n.,adj.,adv,pron.)为主,虚词(conj.,prep.)为辅。
实词一般占80%-90%,其中又以动、名、形为主。
5.以考查学生对文章的整体理解和词汇的意义把握为主。
有些要结合常识才能正确选项;有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基础上,正确把握上下文的逻辑关系,才能正确判断和选择。
英语完形填空解题步骤:1.通读全文,统揽全局。
2.逐句分析,确定选项。
3.通盘理解,上下一致。
4. 复读全文,核对答案。
完形填空解题分类实例分析:一. 按词类分:1.实词 2.虚词 3.词组二. 按形式分:1.单纯性选择2.常识性选择3.近义词选择4.近形词选择5.惯用法选择三. 按句义选择四. 按语义选择一、按词类分:1.实词例1:Everyone wants to be healthy and happy. __1__, illness or accidents may occur without__2__.1.a.Obviously b.Unfortunately c.Naturally d.Occasionally2.a.reason rmation c.warning d.notice例2:Over the last few years manufacturers have been__1__reducing the size and weight of video-cassette recorders to make the equipment more___2___.1.a.steadily b.constantly c.frequently d.essentially2.a.valuable b. portable(轻便的) c.selective d.economical例3:About 120,000 people_1__to the city every year. They come for the few_2__jobs, which are usually no better than__3__they left.1.a.change b.arrive c.drive d.move2.a.possible b.popular c.available (可用的) d.convenient3.a.one b.the one c.ones d.the ones1、b c2、a b3、d c d2.虚词例4:__1_you have chosen an article to read, you will find the important general information_2__the key facts in the first few paragraphs.1.a.While b.Once c.As soon as d.Whenever2.a.with b.by c.for d.at例5:when I have free time, I go _1__a long walk. Some people read books or watch TV_2__others have sports.1.a.to b.for c.on d.with2a.and b.but c.yet d.while例6:the audience waited__1_silence while their aged speaker searched among his notes_2__the figures he could not remember.1.a.for b.in c.at d.during2.a.for b.of c.about d.on4、b a5、b d6、b a3.词组例7:He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming__1_.So he _2__into that place.1.a.after all b.in all c.at all d.for all2.a.nee dn’t go b.needn’t have gone c.shouldn't go d.shouldn’t have gone 例8:(词组)We __1_about when man first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout the history._2__,it is recorded in many books that people who lived over 3000 years ago ate salted fish thousands of years ago in Egypt,salt__3__the dead.1.a.have all known b.have no idea c.haven’t any ideas d.have an idea2.a.For example b.Such as c.First of all d.Above alled to preserve b.got used to preserving ed to preserving d.was used to preserve例9:(词组)The English language serves about 250 million people, or about one tenth of the world’s population, as a mother tongue,_1__,it is more or less correctly used by_2__100 million, more as a secondary language,ranging__3__from the Pidgin English (混合语言)of the Islands of Melanesia to the almost perfect speech of cultured foreigners.1.a.However b.As a result c.in addition to d.In addition2.a.at least b.at most c.most and least d.more than enough3.a.all the way b.by the way c.on the way d.in the way7、c d 8、b a d 9、d a a按形式分:1.单纯性选择例10:_1__methods have been used to_2_ the intelligence of every child----dull,bright,or normal.1.a.Valuable b.various c.Unique d.unusual2.a.measure b.describe c.illustrate d.recognize●例11:The tourist paid 700 pounds for the painting,but he_1__that he didn’t know its__2__worth.1.a.promised b.claimed c.admitted d.permitted2.a.practical b.additional c.adequate d.actual●例12:__1_,no one was hurt in the accident,but some passengers suffered from__2__.1.a.Obviously b.Surprisingly c.Fortunately d.Unfortunately2.a.distress b.shock c.failure d.trouble●例13:Being much too fat,Stella was advised to_1__her food for each meal,yet,she would have__2_of that.1.a.relax b.reduce c.relieve d.remove2.a.no b.not c.none d.nothing●例14:At an early age the youth will develop his_1__,and the kind of home life he has will greatly__2__the development.1.a.hobby b.personalityc.intelligenced.knowledge2.a.increase b.enhance(增强)c.encouraged.influence(影响)10、b a 11、c d 12、c b 13、b c 14、b d2.常识性选择●例15:Everyone has seen the Olympic Games at some time---either in Montreal,Barcelona.and everyone knows that_1__started the Games.But most people don’t know the real story.1.a.Greeks b.Frenchc.Americansd.English●例16:There are twenty-seven bridges over the Thames. Tower Bridge,the first bridge over the Thames as you travel toward_1__ from the sea, is the most famous of them all.1.a.Europe b.America c.London d.China●例17:One of the most famous statues in the would stands on an island in New York Harbor.This statue is, of course, the Statue of liberty.The Statue of liberty is a(an)_1__who holds a__2_up high.1.a.man b. woman c.child d.old2.a.cane b.candle c.torch mp15、a 16、c 17、b c3.近义词选择●例18:He used to have a_1__of coin-collection,but he has given it up.1.a.custom b.habit c.hobby d.like●例19:American school children can be seen every day__ white sneakers,blue sneakers,black sneakers and even red ones.1.a.putting on b.having on c.wearing d.dressing●例20:The wounded soldier was unconscious but still__1__when taken to the hospital.1.a.living b.alive c.live d.lively●例21:While some people think that sugar is the best__1__of__2__,others believe that sugar is bad for human health.1.a.origin b.source c.resource d.cause2.a.power b.energy c.force d.strength18、c 19、c 20、b 21、b b4.近形词选择●例23:$500,000,000 is a small amount of money__1__the size of the market.1.a.considered b.consideration c.considerable d.considering●例24:It’s wonderful for the fact that the Chinese team won an unexpected gold_1__in Sydney,12 more than its previous best.1. a.metals b.medals c.models d.modals23、d 24、b5.惯用法选择●例25:It suddenly__1__me that if we want to go on a picnic tomorrow we had better dosome preparations this evening.1.a.hit on b.struck c.occurred d.drawn●例26:Safe operation means that both the operators and the equipment are__1___from harm.1.a.kept b.freed c.prevented d.hidden●例27:We were almost exhausted before we finally__1__sight of the dilapidated temple which was said to be one of the remains__2__back to the fifteen century B.C.1.a.held b.caught c.got d.took2.a.dating b.traced c.going d.returned25、b 26、c 27、b a按句义分:●例29:It was after midnight,and I was on my way home.The footsteps that__1__me through the dark street in the East End of London were_2__of two young men who were obviously_3__no good.1.a.stooped b.pursued(追求) c.followed d.traced2.a.those b.that c.ones d.one3.a.of b.for c.up to d.on to●例30:Nearly three-quarters of the earth is covered__1__water.Water heats up more slowly than land,_2__once it has become warm it takes longer to fall__3_.1.a.on b.with c.in d.by2.a.so b.and c.then d.but3.a.down b.up c.apart d.behind●例31:●Mrs. White aid laughingly that_1__she was so young she should hide herpacket in her pocket in_2__a policeman saw it._3__,the little girl did not seem to find this very funny.1.a.as b.for c.while d.though2.a.consequence b.time c.case d.fact3.a.otherwise b.nevertheless(然而)c.Moreoverd.Therefore●例32:Strangely enough,I once tried to get sick.I didn't’t wear a sweater __1_I should, and I walked in the rain__2__my boots and my feet got soaked._3__so far nothing wrong has happened.1.a.while b.provided c.when d.though2.a.with b.in c.by d.without3.a.But b.Then c.Therefore d.Yet●例33:Some parents are greatly worried_1__their children fail to do well in their studies. They_2__either genetic factors or laziness,_3__they never take these non-intelligence factors into__4__.1.a.about b.with c.when d.since2.a.blame plain c.confuse d.condemn3.a.nevertheless b.similarly c.therefore d.but4.a.figures b.consideration c.granted d.reflection●例34:A credit card is a __1__of identification__2_which the owner may obtain consumer creditfor the _3__of goods or services_4__than paycash.1.a.mean b.means c.methods d.ways2.a.by b.in c.through d.with3.a. production b.possession c.purchase d.property4.a.better b.more c.rather d.right●例36:_1__hungry,the people sometimes would kill the animals in the lord’s forest for fuel; __2_when cold,they might cut down trees for fuel.__3_,strong laws were passed in an_4__to protect the forests and the animals.1.a.If b.When c.Once d.After2.a.and b.but c.or d.yet3.a.Besides b.In addition c.So d.However4.a.effect b.effort c.offer d.afford●例37(按语义分)People of Burlington are are being disturbed by the sound of bells.Four students from Burlington College of High Education are in the bell tower of the_1__and have made up their minds to_2__the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest against heavy trucks which run_3_through the narrow High Street.1.a.college b.village c.town d.church2.a.change b.repair c.ring d.shake3.a.now and then b.day and nightc.up and downd.over and over29、c a c 30、b d a 31、a c b 32、d d a33、c a d b 34、b a c c 36、b a b b 37、d c b。
高考英语完型填空题型答题技巧高考英语完型填空题型答题技巧大全一1. 依据上下文确定答案的法则:从近几年的完形填空题看,近义词或近义短语的测试力度逐渐加强,并成为测试热点。
四个选项不是词义相近,要不就是近义动词的同一种时态的现象,或名词的单复数搭配。
若选项词义差异很大,必然文章中藏有提示语,正因如此,往往第一个选项有时需要读完全篇短文才能准确回答。
2. 词语语义与强于语法原则:完型填空题的首句不留空,目的就是告知短文的故事的四要素:地点、时间、人物和事由。
再则,单纯语法题已基本退出该题型的测试范畴,所以,指导学生时,首先要告知他们这类现象。
尽管四个选项的词语都符合语法规则,然而该题的解答必须遵循先全面理解篇章语义,再结合正确语言结构对每个空格作出准确无误的抉择。
3. 解题四步法原则:第一步:跳读。
带着空格通读全文,了解短文大意,判别短文文体,同时能将会做的题及时解决掉。
第二步:选答。
这一步最为关键,要求考生对每一道题进行认真推敲,但是要告诫他们万万不可按照题的顺序答题,对那些不能拿不准的题先跳过去,遵循先易后难的解题原则。
第三步:推敲。
这实际上就是要求考生对完形填空短文的篇章作通盘考虑,把其中一些需要依据上下文语境来考虑的比较难解答的题,以及句子之间和段落之间的逻辑关联较强的认真推敲,甄别,筛选和抉择。
第四步:复查。
这是解答这类题的最后一步,要求考生解完题之后务必再把文章通读一遍,从整体上准确把握文章的真正意思,及时修改与全文有出入的一些选项。
高考英语完型填空题型答题技巧大全二把握全文明主线;固定搭配记心间;原词再现莫错过;上下求索是关键。
抓主题高中英语完形填空一般第一段和最后一段不设空,大家可以先通读一遍全文,了解一下文章大概写了什么内容,然后文章主旨找到。
主旨句的位置在首尾段及各段首尾句,有的时候主旨句也会出现在转折词前后句,如ut, however, yet, though, therefore, otherwise等。
2019-2020年高考全国卷英语完形填空题型全面分析及解题技巧题型分布I. 语篇类型、主题语境与题材◎结论1. 完形填空题型以记叙文和夹叙夹议类文章为主流。
2. 完形填空题主题覆盖了人与自然、人与自我、人与社会。
II. 语篇三要素◎结论语篇设置均按照语篇三要素布局:1. 发生了什么事(what);2. 事情如何发生的;作者如何展开情节的(how);3. 为什么有该事件的发生,也即促发该事件的发生背后的正能量是什么(why)。
III. 考核类型占比(共20小题)◎结论从近两年全国卷完形填空考点类型分布角度来看:1. 全国I卷重基础考测:2019---共13题考测基础2020--共12题考测基础2. 全国II、III卷重逻辑性思维能力的考测:2019全国II卷--共14题考测逻辑思维2019全国III卷--共13题考测逻辑思维2020全国II卷--共10题考测逻辑思维2020全国III卷--共13题考测逻辑思维3. 全国I、II、III卷均设置1~2题来考测学生的批判性思维能力。
2019全国I卷--第53题2019全国II卷--第51题2019全国III卷--第51题2020全国I卷--第49题2020全国II卷--第52、59题2020全国III卷--第55题IV. 基于基础考测、逻辑性思维考测、批判性思维考测的解题策略命题套路几解题误区精析◎考查基础知识(I) 单词考核即利用学生对词意或词性掌握的模糊缺陷出题。
█误区1 对单词意思把握过关,但忽略了小语境的逻辑通顺或意义通顺[题例2019全国I--第3题] The crowds might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing, changing the _3_ of Kilimanjaro.A. position(强干扰项)C.face(正确选项)[解析]不少学生选A.position, 译为“地位”,仿佛也行,但结合该题前一句来理解就不难发现,两句话之间缺乏逻辑关系。
高二完形填空题型分析与解题技巧完形填空题是英语考试中常见的题型之一,也是考察学生阅读理解和语言运用能力的重要手段。
本文将对高二完形填空题型进行分析,并提供解题技巧,帮助同学们在考试中取得好成绩。
一、完形填空题型分析完形填空题通常由一篇短文构成,文章中有若干个空白处,每个空白处都有四个选项供选择,只有一个选项是正确的。
解答这类题目需要学生具备较强的阅读理解和词汇运用能力,同时还需要具备快速判断和推理的能力。
完形填空题的难点主要体现在以下几个方面:1. 词汇理解:正确理解并使用文章中的词汇是解答完形填空题的基础。
有些单词在不同语境中有不同的含义,学生需要根据上下文推断其正确的词义。
2. 语法运用:学生需要熟悉常见的语法规则和句型结构,掌握名词、动词、形容词、副词等词性的用法。
同时,对于定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句等复杂句型的理解也至关重要。
3. 上下文推断:通过前后句和段落之间的逻辑联系,学生需要能够推断出空格处所需填写的内容,弥补文章的语义联系,加强整篇文章的连贯性。
二、解题技巧1. 预测选项:在填写空白处之前,先试着根据上下文和语法规则猜测一个选项。
这样可以帮助学生更好地理解文章的大意,快速定位和选出正确答案。
2. 首尾扫描法:通常文章的开头和结尾会提供一些线索和关键词,通过逐句阅读这两部分内容,可以更好地把握文章的主旨和逻辑关系。
3. 上下文关系:文中的前后句和段落之间往往存在一定的联系,可以通过推理和上下文的信息衔接,帮助填写空白处的内容。
4. 选项排除法:在四个选项中,通常会有一些错误或不合逻辑的选项。
学生可以通过排除明显错误的选项,减少猜错的可能性。
5. 多读原文:填写完空白处后,最好再次通读整篇文章,确保填写的内容逻辑通顺,与原文意思一致。
三、总结完形填空题是考察学生综合英语能力的重要环节,解答这类题目需要学生具备较强的阅读理解能力和词汇积累。
通过预测选项、首尾扫描法、上下文关系、选项排除法和多读原文等技巧,同学们可以更好地解答完形填空题,并在考试中取得不错的成绩。
完型填空命题分析及突破方法:(教师版)高考完形填空命题分析及突破方法:一.高考完形填空的命题特点:1.完形填空的材料多为励志类小故事,多采用记叙的方法,有时也采用夹叙夹议的叙事方法。
文章一般是从交代背景开始,首句一般不设空,整篇文章行文连贯,环环相扣,条理清楚。
从题材颁布上看,个人经历、亲情故事、生活感悟等文章占多数。
2.完形填空题目与高中英语教材课文难易相当。
短文长度基本稳定,一般在250-300个单词左右。
全文保持一定的挖空密度。
3.考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺,极少是考语法,所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。
完形填空要求考生根据文章的主题内容,从层次结构和内容的逻辑关系去选择符合文章的答案。
所以,其选项往往具有共性、其时态、单复数、记词性甚至是词数都保持一致或至少两两一致。
而不单纯地考查语法。
二.做题时,注意以下几个步骤:1.纵观加联想。
通读全文,掌握大意。
在通读的过程中,通过前后联想,猜测空格词的意思,以期达到掌握大意的目的。
2.先易且定夺。
对照选项再读全文。
验证、修正原来的猜测,将有把握的答案确定下来。
这时往往绝大多数小题都已解出。
3.攻难再复读。
重点检查尚未解出的小题词的前后句子,解出那些原来拿不准的少数题。
4.反思并修正。
将所选单词放入原文中。
重读全文,看看有无逻辑上的问题,以期发现错误、改正错误。
高考英语完形填空八大考点考点1 考查考生语法知识的运用能力考点2 考查对固定短语习惯用法的掌握考点3 考查在特定语境中区别近义词的能力考点4 考查对上下文逻辑关系的理解考点5 考查经验常识考点6 考查文章结构考点7 考查逻辑推理考点8 考查前后语境考点1 考查考生语法知识的运用能力练习一:1. (2013 山东) By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of ____ are still my bestfriends today.A. usB. whichC. themD. whom解析: 联系空格前的several new friends可知作者的两个最好的朋友就在“several new friends”之中,空格处为避免重复,用代词them “他们”代替“several new friends”.由于有连词and故排除选项B、D.答案:C2. . On May 27, 1995, our life was suddenly changed.It happened a few minutes past three, ______ my husband Chris, fell from his horse.A. sinceB. beforeC. whenD. while解析: 因a few minutes past three是“我丈夫”从马上掉下来的时间,应是定语从句的先行词,所以用when引导定语从句,正确选项是C.答案:C技巧归纳:技巧 1 利用语法分析解题完形填空中也有考查语法知识的题目。
高考英语完形填空题的特点与解题技巧例析[名校内部资料]一、完形填空题的总体特点与考查重点高考英语完形填空题的命题特点是突出语篇,注重词汇语境化、语法语用化和选择综合化。
考查考生综合理解、灵活运用语言知识的能力,突出考查考生在语篇情景中依据上下文灵活运用词汇的能力。
完形填空题该题型是在一篇篇幅介于200-250词的文章中有目的地挖出一些单词或短语,形成15个空白,要求考生在上下文信息被隔断的情况下对文章进行阅读,利用基础知识、阅读能力、思维能力和判断能力对每个空白处的备选选项作出最合理的分析,从而选出最佳选项,使文章主旨鲜明、逻辑严密、内容完整。
仔细分析近年来的高考英语完形填空题,可以看出,体裁上,以记叙文为主,以夹叙夹议类文章、说明文为辅。
主题语境上,主要涵盖人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大主题语境,传达积极向上的精神。
选项设置侧重考查考生对句意的理解和对选项词义的辨析,以实词为主,重点考查动词、名词、形容词和副词等。
主要从语境意义、词汇复现、逻辑关系、语篇情感、文化背景生活常识和词语搭配六个维度进行重点考查。
二、完形填空题的解题技巧及真题例析完形填空是一篇短文,往往有微型语境,虽然常常首句不设空,但起着通常点明文章主题、让考生熟悉语言环境的作用,千万不可小视。
尾句往往是段落的关键所在。
首尾句通常是段落的主题句,准确理解和把握首尾句的含义,有利于确定文章的话题、主题、背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等,从而从整体上把握文章线索。
完形填空题在句中留出空白,而这些空白处要填的词语恰恰在上下文中起着不同的作用,有的表达意义,有的表达逻辑,有的表达情感,有的以固定搭配的短语形式表情达意。
因此,在解答完形填空题时,要从文章的整体意义出发,从以下六个维度去考虑解题技巧:(一)紧扣语境意义解题语境包括语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。
语境意义题考查考生在上下文、整个段落或整篇文章语境中获取诸如时间、地点、方向、情感、动作等信息的能力。