本科段自考-高级英语上册(Lesson Two)

自考高级英语Lesson Two EvelineLesson Two伊芙林 Eveline她坐在窗前，看着夜色袭上街头。

She sat at the window watching the evening invade the avenue.头倚在窗帘上，鼻孔里充斥着带灰尘的印花窗Her head was leaned against the window curtains,帘的味道。

她累了。

窗前很少有人过， and in her nostrils was the odour of dusty cretonne. She was tired. Few people passed.住在最后那座房子的人经过这里往家赶。

她听The man out of the last house passed on his way见水泥路上传来“踢踏”的脚步声，然后是踩在红home; she heard his footsteps clacking along the色新房子前的那条煤渣路上发出的“嘎吱”声。

concrete pavement and afterwards crunching on the cinder path before the new red houses.以前那儿曾是块空地，他们和别人家孩子们天One time there used to be a field there in which天晚上在那里玩。

they used to play every evening with otherpeople’s children.后来一位从贝尔法斯特来的男人买下了这块Then a man from Belfast bought the field and地，并建了座房子——不像他们住的那种灰灰的小built houses in it ----not like their little brown houses ,房子，而是明砖亮瓦房，还有闪亮的屋顶。

高级英语课后答案上册Lesson One What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?A1. 1) The author uses the two quotations to introduce the discussion and express his ideas aboutrock music and young culture heroes. 2) Yes, they are.2. The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstarsvery much, but the adults find these rock superstars are sick. These examples are used to show that young people and adults have totally different attitudes towards rock music.3. Irving Horowitz believes that rock music can express its time. He sees it as a debating forumwhere American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.4. When he appeared on the Ed. Sullivan Sunday night variety show in front of millions, a kind of“debate” took place. Most of the old people frowned while most of the young viewers applauded.5. Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety. The RollingStones demanded revolution.6. Apart from politics, the rock music dealt with a range of feelings and emotions.7. The rock superstars got applause, praise and money.8. No, he hasn’t. It is impossible for the author to give a complete answer in a short article. Heends his article with questions because he wants to leave the question to the readers and let them think.B1.他描述道：“贾格尔抓起半加仑水，沿着前台跑，边跑边把水洒向前几排酷热难耐的歌迷身上……”2. 你对这种赞美和英雄崇拜是怎样看的？3. 或者是由于他把你狂热的幻想表演出来了，你就不知不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑吸引？4. 一些社会学家认为，你对这些问题的回答，可以说明你在想什么，社会在想什么。

Lesson 2: Four Choices for Young People在毕业前不久，斯坦福大学四年级主席吉姆?宾司给我写了一封信，信中谈及他的一些不安。

Shortly before his graduation, Jim Binns, president of the senior class at Stanford University, wrote me about some of his misgivings.他写道：“与其他任何一代人相比，我们这一代人在看待成人世界时抱有更大的疑虑……同时越来越倾向于全盘否定成人世界。

”“More than any other generation,‖ he said, ―our generation views the adult world with great skepticism… there is also an increased tendency to reject completely that world.‖很明显，他的话代表了许多同龄人的看法。

Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries.在过去的几年里，我倾听过许多年轻人的谈话，他们有的还在大学读书，有的已经毕业，他们对于成人的世界同样感到不安。

During the last few years, I have listened to scores of young people, in college and out, who were just as nervous about the grown world.大致来说，他们的态度可归纳如下：“这个世界乱糟糟的，到处充满了不平等、贫困和战争。

对此该负责的大概应是那些管理这个世界的成年人吧。

如果他们不能做得比这些更好，他们又能拿什么来教育我们呢？这样的教导，我们根本不需要。

Lesson Two Four Choices for Young People Words and ExpressionsText Explanation1president of the senior classsenior class here means 毕业班In America, freshman, sophomore, junior and senior is used to state the students in the first to fourth year in college.2the adult worldthe society run by adults3The world is in pretty much of a messThe world is in total disorder. To be in a mess: 处于杂乱，混乱的状态。

4…what have they got to teach our generation?They have got nothing to teach our generation.5That kind of lesson we can do without.We don't need that kind of instructions, for we can manage things by ourselves without them.6The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imerfect ( We can take that for granted), but how to deal with it.not…but... means 不是…而是…。

Take something for granted means视某事为当然。

本科⾼级英语（2）《⾼级英语（2）》期末复习（⼀）考核⽬标本课程的考核⽬标主要体现在以下两个⽅⾯：1．语⾔知识语法与功能：学⽣应能基本掌握并恰当运⽤所学的基本语法知识和语⾔功能。

词汇知识：学⽣应能认知词汇4500~5500个（含⼊学前认知的词汇），并能正确⽽熟练地运⽤其中的2500~3500个及其最基本的搭配。

2．语⾔运⽤学⽣能够读懂与⽂字教材中课⽂难度相当的短⽂等；能够书写常⽤的应⽤⽂、记叙⽂与议论⽂。

（⼆）考核⽅式及计分⽅法本课程的考核采取两种形式：形成性考核和课程终结性考试。

课程总成绩为百分制，形成性考核占30%，课程终结性考试占70%。

课程终结性考试：内容包括教学⼤纲规定掌握的基本语⾔知识和技能。

形式为闭卷，笔试，满分为100分。

试卷分为四部分，第⼀部分为词汇与结构，占30分；第⼆部分为阅读理解，占30分；第三部分为完形填空，占10分；第四部分为写作，占30分。

（三）有关课程终结性考试说明1. 考试⽬的终结性考试是在形成性考核的基础上，对学⽣学习情况和学习效果进⾏的⼀次全⾯检测。

2. 命题原则第⼀，本课程的考试命题严格控制在教学⼤纲规定的教学内容和教学要求的第⼆，考试命题覆盖本课程教材的第⼀到⼗⼆单元，既全⾯，⼜突出重点。

第三，每份试卷所考的内容，覆盖本课程教材所学内容的80%以上。

第四，试题应难易适中，⼀般来讲，可分为：容易、适中、较难三个程度，所占⽐例⼤致为：容易占20%，适中占60%，较难占20%。

（四）课程考核的相关内容终结性考试难度按重点掌握、掌握、了解三个不同层次的要求出题。

其中重点掌握的内容约占70%，掌握的内容约占20%，了解的内容约占10%。

(五) 终结性考试试题类型及规范解答举例I.题型“⾼级英语（2）”终结性考试题型包括单项选择题、阅读理解题、完型填空题和写作题。

II．试题举例（⼀）单项选择题Vocabulary and GrammarChoose the best answer for each blank from the four choices given. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.（2 points each，30 points in total）1. "1 was getting up when I heard a crash. " This sentence means: _________A. The noise woke me up.B. l'd just turned the alarm clock off.C. I made loud noise.D. I witnessed a car accident.2. One day_________ married.A. I'm gettingB. l'11 getC. 1 getD. I got3. Don't _________it for granted. It is totally different from what you think.A. takeC. askD. play4. _________ the light, she left the room.A. Turning offB. Turned offC. To turn offD. Turn off5. _________to the dentist, he felt much better.A. WasB. BeenC. BeingD. Having been6. I hurt my ankle _________ tennis.A. playedB. playingC. playD. to play7. l've had this bike for years: I don't want to_________A. part withB. part it withC. part with itD. it with part8. Don't let your brother boss you around: _________!A. stand up to himB. stand up him toC. stand to him upD. stand him up9. I wonder what qualifications you need to be a business _________A. analyzeB. analystC. analysisD. analyzing10. Many people are worried about the effect of_________ on local culture.A. globalC. globalizeD. globalization11.I'd have called an ambulance if I_________ my phone with me.A. haveB. hadC. would haveD. had had12. If Tony_________ me a lift on his bike , I always say …no'.A. offerB. would offerC. offeredD. offers13. Cherie seems quiet, but she can be very entertaining when the _________ takes her.A. moonB. starC. magicD. wine14. Hundreds of species are thought to be dying _________every day.A. downB. outC. offD. away15. This newspaper's full of photographs and advertising: there's_________ real newsA. very littleB. quite a fewC. so muchD. every参考答案：l. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A 1.A: _________speak to the recruitment manager, please.B: I'm sorry, I'm afraid he's not in the office at the moment.A. I wonder if I couldB. I'm afraid I can't c. Do you think you could D. Thank you for2. This time tomorrow, we'll have handed in our assignments and _________in the park.A. we'11 be relaxingB. we're relaxingC. we' 11 relaxD. we relax3.Just _________ dirty dishes in the sink. I'11 wash them.A. talkB. take C .leave D. lose4. Why are you _________your lunch? Aren't you hungry?A. pigging outB. parting withC. picking atD. pointing out5. After they_________ dinner, they went out.A. finishB. are finishingC. have finishedD. had finished6. A: I really should go home now, or my name'll be mud. Are you with me?B, _________A: Oh, I mean I'll be very unpopular-I'm late! B. Are you with me? C. I am listening. D. Sorry, I'm not with you.7. I'm glad I saw that film, it really _________.A. cheered upB. cheered me upC. cheered up meD. me cheered up8. _________admit that most people are not interested in being informed.A. You decide toB. You have toC. The other hand toD. As far as I9. _________it. it's all about pure greed.A. The way I seeB. You have to sayC. Talk aboutD. As far as I see10. If Tony_________ me a lift on his bike, I always say…no'.A. offerB. would offerC. offeredD. offers11.I sometimes feel as if Toby isn't even aware of my _________A. existB. existenceC. existingD. existed12. Do we really have to fill in all these forms? It's so _________A. simpleB. appealingC. modernD. tiresome13. You look a bit _________. Maybe you should take some extra vitamins.A. worriedB. run-downC. confidentD. outraged14. Once the press find out his secret, he'll never live it_________.A. up B. on C. down D. of15. There are _________mistakes in this TV guide: I've found one on every page so far.A. quite a fewB. not too manyC. almost noD. very few参考答案：1. A 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A（⼆）阅读理解题（共两篇阅读材料，总计30分。

高级英语(上)英语专业（本科段）-全国高等教育自学考试指定教材王家湘课后题及答案Lesson one Rock Superstars : What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?ExercisesA. Answer the following questions on the text:1. what is the function of the two quotations ? Are theyappropriate ?2. What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginning of the article?3. According to Irving Horowitz , what is the sociological significance of rock music ?4. In what sense did Elvis Presley prove what Horowitz and Rundgren believed ?5. How did Bob Dylan , the Beatles , and the Rolling Stones differ from each other politically ?6. What other major subjects did rock music deal with apart from politics ?7. What rewards did rock superstars get ?8. Has the author given a complete answer to question he raises in the title? Why do you think theauthor ends the article the way he does ?Key A1. The author uses the two quotations to introduce his ideas . Yes , they are .2. The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstarsvery much , but the adults find they are sick , The examples show that young people and adults have atotally different attitudes towards rock music .3. Rock music can express its times . He sees it as a debating forum where American societystruggles to define and redefine its feeling and beliefs .4. When he appeared on the Ed . Sullivan Sunday night variety show ,a debate took place . The oldpeople frowned while the young viewers applauded.5. Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety . The RollingStones demanded revolution .6. Apart from politics , the rock music dealt with feelings and emotions.7. The rock superstars got applause , praise and money .8. No , he hasn‘t . He want s to leave the question to the readers and let them think .B Translate the following into Chinese :1. ―Jagger,‖ he said , ―grabs a half –gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinklingits contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners .2. How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?3. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildestfantasies ?4. Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinkingand about what your society is thinking –in other words , where you and your society are .5. It‘s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s .6. Feelings always a part of any musical statement were a major subject .7. This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to ―get away from itall , ― to ―go back to the old days .‖8. In one 1972 national opinion poll , more than 10 percent of the high school boys and 20 percent ofthe girls said their hero was a rock superstar.KeyB1他描述道:‖贾格尔拿着半加仑水, 顺着舞台前沿,边跑边把水洒向前排汗流浃背的歌迷身上.‖2. 你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜?3. 还是由于他把你狂热的幻想用行动表现出来,你神不知鬼不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑所吸引?4. 一些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答,很能说明你在想什么,社会在想什么..换句话说, 可以说明你和社会的态度.5. 只不过艾尔维斯的演唱表现了50年代青少年那种沮丧的精神状态.6. 感情总是任何音乐表达的必要成分,也是一个重要议题.7. 霍罗威茨认为这种结合表达了听众欲‖摆脱现实一切‖/‖重归昔日‖的强烈愿望.9. 在1972年的一次全国民意测验中, 10%以上的高中男生,20%的女生表示他们心目中的英雄是超摇滚歌星.C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below,changingits form when necessary :Sprinkle swelter in other words lazy rather than reject act out idle worship reverence drive embody9. His paintings embody the spirit of the modern era .10. How do you act out your frustrations , by throwing glasses or something ?11. The peddler sprinkled some water over his vegetables to make them fresher and heavier.12. In such heated air ,the sweltering students could hardly keep their minds on their lessons .13. That‘s idle gossip . Don‘t listen to it .14. She sent in her application for the job , but was rejected as unqualified . 15. The salesman considered it safe to go along with the boss rather than to contradict him . 8. Everybody should have a sincere reverence /worship for the laws of his country .D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences : 1. The whole nation watched the two candidates (arguing , debating ) the issue of raising taxes on TV .2. It was a (proud , arrogant ) moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the President .3. Even if you (mix , blend ) oil and water , they will not (mix , blend ).4. Some people watch television so muchthat they cannot (conceive , imagine ) of living without it . 5. As it was an informal dinner , most people (wore ,were dressed ) in their comfortable clothes . 6. Do you think those young people are(idealistic ,ideal ) or pragmatic ? 7. Filled with great (adulation , admiration ) for their integrity and courage , he was determined to bea man like them .8. Deep at night , they could still hear gun-fire (rambling ,rumbling ) in the distance . E. Explain the underlined words in English :1. ―They think he is sick , sick , sick , ― Mike said .2. Newspaper editorialized against him .3. He poke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation .4. The Beatles … urged peace and piety …5. His most notable songs …while the lyrics celebrate the simplejoy …6. … these rock musicians mirror feelings and benefits ….7. Horowitz sees the rock music arena as …a place where ideas clash and crash . 8. What does he ---or any other current rock success ---tell us about his fans ? Key E1. disgusting2. Editors ? articles attacked and criticized him3. the confusions of the old people4. had a strong desire for peace and piety5. The words of the song praise the natural happiness of the old days .6. reflect emotions and outlooks7. a place where ideas come into opposition and contradict to each other8. other successful rock stars at presentF . Translate the following into English :摇滚乐于20世纪50年代末举起于美国. 它不仅是一种新型的音乐形式,更是美国的青年人表达他们对世界和人生看法的论坛. 在这个论坛上, 歌星们唱出了青年人对民权/战争与和平的态度,唱出了他们对社会的不满,也唱出了爱与恨之间的各种情感. 总之, 在这个论坛上, 青年人把他们对美国社会的信仰及情感给以全新的解释. 早期的摇滚乐的主要代表人物有艾尔维斯.普雷斯利,歌星加诗人鲍勃.狄伦/甲壳虫乐队以及滚石乐队等等.他们都是青年人崇拜的文化英雄.Key FRock music began in America in the late 1950‘s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forumfor the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life . In this forum , the stars sang out theattitudes of the youth towards civil rights , war and peace ,the disaffection of their society , and a rangeof emotions between love and hate . Allin all , in this forum , the American youth redefined the beliefsand feelings of their society . The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis Presley ,singer and poet Bob Dylan , the Bealtles , the rolling Stones and so on . They were the culture heroeswhom the young people worshipped .G. Write a short passage of 150—200words in English on the topic―Do you Agree that Rock Is theMusic of Teenage Rebellion ?:‖You should cover the following points :1 A general statement of your position ;2 Two or three arguments with a supporting example for each .Key GDo You Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ?Rock music began in America in the late 1950‘s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forumfor the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life .Music expressed its times . Rock music was a sociological expression rather than a musical force . Itembodied the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s. At that time young people might be dissatisfied withthe society or they had some hatred toward the adult world , butthey could not protest it openly . Sothey would use music as an outlet . Then they could get some balancein their minds .Another aspect is that the young people could make their ideas and beliefs known to the worldthrough music . By music , they could show their felling and dreams . So all in all , young peoplecombined invention and exaggeration ,reason and motion , word and sound , music and politics as awhole .Lesson Two Four Choices for Young PeopleA. Answer the following questions on the text :1. How do American young people look at the adult world in general ?2. What does ―drop out ― mean ? Why does the author say that the dropouts lead a parasiticway of life ?3. In What way are those who flee different from the dropouts ?4. Why is this solution no longer practical on a large scale ?5. What kind of young people tend to follow the strategy of armed revolution ?6. Why does the author say that the most unfortunate are those whose revolutions havesucceeded ?7. What are some of the new problems faced by the young people ?8. What is the fourth alternative ? Why does the author favor this alternative ?Key A1. They view the adult world with great skeptism .They think their world is in pretty much of a mess , full of injustice ,poverty and war .2. ―Drop out ―means its practioners escape the traditional way of life , refuse to take anyresponsibility and live a parasitic life . Because its practioners batten on the society which theyscorn and in which they refuse to take any responsibility .3. Those who flee are not parasites.They are willing to support themselves and to contributesomething to the general community .4. Because our planet is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes , except for thepolar regions , the frontiers are gone .5. The young people who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democraticprocess or who believe that basic institutions can only be changed by force tend to follow thisstrategy .6. Because they live in bitter disillusionment to see the establishment they have overthrownreplaced by a new one , just as hard –faced and stuffy .7. The unprecedent problems of an affluent society , of racial justice , of keeping our citiesfrom becoming uninhabitable, of coping with war in unfamiliar guises , and of populationexplosion .8. The fourth alternative is to try to change the worldgradually .Because it offers a betterchance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any other available strategy ..B. Translate the following into Chinese :1. Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries .2. During the last few years , I have listened to scores of young people ,in college and out ,who were just as nervous about the grown –up world .3. They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the generalcommunity , but they simply don‘t like the environment of civilization ;that is ,the city , with all its ugliness and tension .4. A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life .5. To them it offers a romantic appeal ,usually symbolized by some dashing and charismaticfigure.6. For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ,cleansed of all human meanness .7. The revolutionary state , under whatever political label , has to be run –not by violentromantics –but by experts in marketing , sanitary engineering , and the management ofbureaucracies.8. About all that can be said for it is that it sometimes works –that in this particular time and place it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any otheravailable strategy .Key B1. 很显然他所说的代表了许多同龄人的想法.2. 在过去的几年中, 我听到过许多大学内外的年轻人的谈话, 对于成人世界,他们也有同感.3. 他们愿意自食其力,并对社会大众做些贡献.他们不喜欢文明的环境,也就是说, 不喜欢那种丑恶/紧张的城市生活.4. 一些极富有的乡绅可以回到农村的田园生活.5. 对他们来说,这有一种浪漫/传奇的色彩,通常是以某个有闯劲/魅力超凡的人物为代表的.6. 即使革命成功,胜利的曙光也不会照在光灿灿的/梦想的/消除了人类一切自私的新世界上.7. 革命的机器,无论贴上什么样的政治标签,还得由市场销售/卫生工程/官僚机构的行家们来操作,而不是由那些极端的浪漫主义者们去操作.8. 这种方法的惟一优点是, 它有时真的有效,--在一个特定的时间和地点, 与其它可选的方法相比,它可以更好地改善世界上的倒行逆施行为.C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below ,changing its form when necessary :Strike run out of cleanse disappoint insoluble unprecedent satisfy virtual contribute availablesymbolize vehement1. For many Americans , it is their lifelong dream to buy a satisfying /satisfactory two-storied house with a garden .2. To make Beijing our worthy capital , we must get it cleansed of polluted air , among other things .3.In a lot of cultures , red roses are used to symbolize love .4.Unfortunately , their car ran out of fuel , just ten miles shortof Chicago .5. An unprecedented event in history took place in 1969 , when two American astronautslanded for the first time on the Moon .6. The detective finally gave up , declaring the mystery insoluble .7. Though high-sounding , his speech struck everyone at the meeting as totally irrelevant towhat was discussed .9. If you travel by plane , Beijing and Guangzhou are virtually neighboring cities . D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the followingsentences :1. The professor looked over our papers with a hasty (sight ,glance ). 2. Before ordering their dinner , they considered the (relevant , relative ) merits of chicken androast beef .3. The little boy‘s constant noise (exhilarated , exasperated ) his father , who was busy writinga paper for a symposium .4. Isn‘t it (wholesome, noisome )to live in a city with so many vehicles passing day andnight ?5. He was born in a small town (lived , inhabited ) by about 500 people .6. Her desk was all (jumbled , cluttered ) with old papers , strings , and other odds and ends .7. He thinks they are extremely (idealistic , ideal ) , for all their pragmatism .8. She made one last (attraction , appeal ) to her father for permission to go to the party .E. Explain the underlined words in English :1….who were just as nervous about the grown-up world .2. Unlike the dropouts , they are not parasites .3. This strategy also has ancient antecedents .4. …that is , the city , with all its ugliness and tension .5. For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ….6. At first glance , this course is far from inviting .7. …it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any otheravailable strategy .8. …another one looms just ahead .Key E1. They are doubtful and critical about the way the older generation is running the world .2. They don‘t ba tten on the society . They support themselves .3. This strategy is not new . We had similar ones in the old times .4. The city is ugly and full of pressures .5. Their success doesn‘t bring about a new world .6. This strategy is not attractive .7. Compared with other strategies , it can change the world for the better . It can stop some ofthe world ?s violence or crulty .8. Another problem appears before them .F. Translate the following into English :60年代的美国青年是反叛的一代. 他们看到美国这个富裕社会充满了贫困/不平等和虚伪.他们不再相信这个不属于他们的成人社会, 拒绝信奉它的信仰和价值观. 很多青年人积极投入到反对贫困/反对种族歧视和反对越南战争的斗争中去 ,有些青年人甚至试图以武装革命的方式推翻这个社会. 还有很多青年人以消极的方式表示他们的不满. 他们吸毒,过着不承担任何社会责任的寄生生活, 或者跑到未开垦的乡村去, 过着原始公社式的生活.Key FThe American young people in 1960‘s were a generation of rebellion . They found that theaffluent American society was filled with poverty , injustice and gypocrisy . They didn‘t trust theadult world that didn‘t belong to them and refused to take their beliefs and values . Many youngpeople took active part in the struggle which protested against poverty , racial discrimination andVietnam War . Some young people even tried to overthrow this worldby armed revolution. Manyother young took passive ways to show their disaffections . Theytook drugs , refused to take anyresponsibilities and lived a parasitic way of life . Or they escaped to the frontiers and lived aprimitive way of life .G. Write a short passage of 150-200 words in English on the topic―My Comment on theFourth Choice .‖You should cover the following points :!.what the fourth choice is ;2.What you agree on with the author and reasons for your agreement ;3.What you disagree on with the author , if any , and your explanation .My Comment on the Fourth ChoiceThe fourth comment is to change the world gradually , one clod at a time . Maybe at the firstglance it is not inviting . It lacks glamour . It has no quickresult . It demands patience . It dependson the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion and democratic decision making .I think the author is right . Reforming the world is a little like fighting a military campaign in the Apennines , as soon as you capture one mountain range, another one looms just ahead . The problems are the same , too. Once some problemsare brought under some kind of rough control , new problems take place . So we can‘t solve all the problems at a time .We have to deal with one problem each time and change the world gradually and steadily . So problems can be handledin the same way that hard problems have been coped with before –piecemeal , pragmatically ,by the dogged efforts of many people . so I think in this particular time and place the fourth choice offers a better chance for remedying some ofthe world ?s outrages than any other available starategy .Lesson Three The Use of ForceBy William Carlos WilliamsA. Answer the following questions on the text :1. why wasn‘t the sick child in bed ?2. why were the girl‘s parents eyeing the doctor up and down distrustfully ?3. What made the girl refuse to open her mouth to the doctor ?4. Why did the doctor insist on examining her throat ?5. Why was the doctor not able to see her throat since he already had the woodentongue depressor into her mouth ?6. How did the doctor finally get see the girl‘s throat ?7. Did the girl‘s physical beauty have anything to do with the outcome of theincident ?Explain .8. Can you find any fault with the doctor‘s behavior?Key A,1. Because it was damp there .2. Because they were the new patients to him and they were nervous .3. She didn‘t want others to know that her tonsils were coveredwith membrane.4. Because the doctor took a trial shot that the girl might have diphtheria.5. Because she gripped the wooden blade between her molars anddidn‘t open her mouth to let the doctor have a look .6. The doctor overpowered the child‘s neck and jaws , forced the heavy silverspoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged .7. Yes , it did . Because she was very beautiful and didn‘t want others to know her shortcomings . She thought tonsils covered with membrane were ugly .8. Yes . The doctor grasped the child‘s head and tried to get the wooden tonguedepressor between her teeth . He had grown furious at the child . He could have tornthe child apart and enjoyed it .B. Translate the following into Chinese :1. When I arrived I was met by the mother , a big startled looking woman , veryclean and apologetic who merely said , Is this the doctor?And let me in .2. He tried to get up , but I motioned for him not to bother , tookoff my overcoatand started to look things over .3. As often , in such cases , they weren‘t telling me more thanthey had to , it wasup to me to tell them .4. I smiled in my best professional manner and asking for thechild‘s first name I said , come on , Mathilda, …5. At that I ground my teeth in disgust . If only they wouldn‘t use the word ―hurt―I might be able to get somewhere .6. In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject , crushed , exhaustedwhile she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury ofeffort bred of her terrorof me .7. …she opened up for an instant but before I could see any thingshe came downagain and gripped the wooden blade between her molars she reduced it to splintersbefore I could get it out again .8. The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy , one says toone‘s self at such times .Key B1. 我到她家时先遇到她的母亲, 她一副惊讶/害怕的表情. 她穿着很干净, 只是礼貌地说, 您是医生吗?就让我进去了.2. 他试图站起来, 我示意他不要麻烦,脱去外套, 开始检查.3. 像往常一样, 在这种情况下, 他们不会告诉我更多的情况, 而是理应由我来告诉他们.4. 我尽量露出我的职业微笑,询问小女孩的名字.我说,过来,玛蒂尔…5. 此时我已厌恶地咬牙切齿,要不是他们使用‖伤害‖这个词,我可能早就采取行动了.6. 在接下来的斗争中,他们变得越来越可怜,被制服,甚至精疲力竭,而小女孩由于害怕我而产生的狂怒却达到了顶点.7. 她的嘴张开了一下, 我还没有来的及看清楚,她又闭上了嘴.,紧紧地用臼齿咬住木刃.我还没有来的及将它拔出,,她已把它咬成了碎片.8. 那个可恶的小家伙很愚蠢,但我应当保护她, 此时我对自己这样说.B. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the boxbelow , changing its form when necessary :Apologetic motion apprehension distrustful profusion admonish terrifying coaxcontemptible ensue desist overpower1. They heard of the traffic accident and immediately rushed to the hospital , fullof apprehensions about the safety of the passengers .2. The terrifying explosion occurred early in the morning .3. As he entered the newly decorated building , an overpoweringsmell of paint made him feel quite sick .4. The old man yelled over and over again ―stop thief ,stopthief !‖ But nobody didanything . The indifference of the onlookers was reallycontemptible .5. The police motioned for the crowd to move on to the next street .6. In Kunming , flowers grow in great profusion all the year round .7. The fans shouted and clapped so loudly that in the ensuing confusion nobody could hear a thing .8. The boys were frightened , but the police managed to coax theminto telling him what they had seen that night .A. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the followingsentences :1. The girl looked at the doctor (terrifyingly , terrified ).2. ―If you finish all the homework tonight , we‘ll go for a picnic tomorrow , ― he(admonished ,coaxed).3. He thought their behavior was (contemptuous ,contemptible ),but he didn‘t say anything in front of the host .4. Summoned by the boss , he approached his office full of (apprehension ,distrust ).5. He was sincerely sorry for what happened at the party , so people accepted his(excuse ,apology ).6. They were walking in the forest when they heard a(terrifying ,terrific )roar which made their blood freeze .7. Obviously they were getting nowhere with the meeting , so he decided to (desist ,resist )from making a final decision that afternoon .8. ―How can you say that you don‘t want to see yourgrandmother ?‖the father(admonished ,coaxed ).E. Explain the underlined words in English :1…very clean and apologetic…2…it was up to me to tell them ;…3.And there‘s been a lot of sickness around .4.Nothing doing .5.I‘m here to look at her throat on the chance that she might have diphtheria …6.We‘re going through with this .7…I too had got beyond reason.8.My face was burning with it .Key E1. polite2. It was my duty …There has been a lot of sick people near our home .4. She did nothing . There was no action .3.5. probably , possibly6. We‘ll continue to the end .7. became unreasonable8. pleasure and enjoymentF.Translate the following into English :玛蒂尔达病了三天了,母亲给她吃了药也不见好, 只好请来了医生.由于玛蒂尔达的学校里有学生患白喉,而且已经有两个孩子死去,医生到奥尔逊家后首先要检查玛蒂尔达的喉咙.但是无论怎么劝,她就是不肯张开嘴,于是医生只得用压舌板伸进她的嘴里. 然而玛蒂尔达竟然把压舌板咬碎了.为了保护玛蒂尔达本人及其他的儿童,医生必须弄清玛蒂尔达是否患了白喉,以便给予及时的治疗.于是他让玛蒂尔达的父亲抓紧她的手腕,自己用力掰开了玛蒂尔达的嘴,发现她果然得了白喉.这个故事使我们想到这样一个问题,生活中有的事不能全靠自愿,在有的情况下, 一定的强迫似乎是必要的.Key F.Mathilda had been ill for three days . Her mother had given her some medicine, but it didn‘tdo any good . So they had to ask the doctor to come . There had been a number of cases ofdiphtheria in Mathilda‘s school and two of them had been dead . When the doctor arrived at Olson‘s home , he wanted to examineMthilda‘s throat first . But no matter how he coaxed ,,She wouldn‘t open her mouth . So the doctor had to get the tongue depressor into her mouth . ButMathilda reduced it to splinters . In order to protect Mathilda herself and other children , thedoctor had to make sure whether she had diphtheria or not , so that he could treat her in time .Letting Mathilda ?s father hold her wrists he tried his best to open her mouth and found she reallyhad diphtheria. This story made us can think such a question that something in life can‘t onlydepend on self willingness . Under some circumstances , certain force seems necessary .G. Write a short passage of 150-200words in English on the topic―Comment on the Doctor‘s Behavior . ―You should covre the following points :1.Why he wanted to examine the girl‘s throat ;2. how he tried to coax her to open her mouth ;3. what made him decide to use force to see her throat ;your opinion of the doctor‘s behavior .Key G.ment on the Doctor‘s BehaviorAfter the doctor arrived at the girl‘s home , he wanted to see h er throat . As there had been anumber of cases of diphtheria in the school to which the girl went during that month , the doctoralso thought that of the girl . So he smiled to the girl and askedher to open her mouth and let himhave a look at her throat . No matter how the doctor coaxed , thegirl shut her mouth firmly .Thinking that the girl might have diphtheria and possibly die of it , the doctor decided to useforce to open her mouth . He had seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in suchcases . He felt that he must get a diagnosis now . So he grasped the girl‘s head with his left handand tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth . But when the doctor got thewooden spatula behind her last teeth . She gripped the blade between her molars and reduced it tosplinters . In the final unreasoning assault the doctor outerpowered the girl . He forced the heavysilver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged . Her both tonsils were coveredwith membrane.From that the doctor had done , I thought he was a responsible person . In order to save the lives of the patients ,especially those children who did not know how to co-operate with the doctor ,he had to take some measure .Otherwise a good or suitable time of treatment would be missed .Lesson Four Die as You ChooseA.Answer the following questions on the text :1. Is euthanasia openly practiced in Holland ?2. Why did the doctors in the U.S.sometimes secretly practice euthanasia withoutconsulting the dying patients ?3. What is the difference between passive euthanasia and active euthanasia ?Doyou think they make any difference ?4. What is a ―living-will ―?5. Did Hippocrates prohibit euthanasia ?Did most ancient Greek doctors andthinkers agree with his ban ?What did the author want to tell the reader by presentingthis historical fact ?6. What is the danger involved if euthanasia is legalized ?7. Why did the author say that West Germany will not be able to legalize any formof euthanasia for a long time to come ?8. What is the author‘s view on euthanasia ?Key A1. Yes, it is .2. Because they could rarely discuss euthanasia openly with patients and voluntaryeuthanasia was taboo , the doctor had to make the decision himself .3. Passive euthanasia means the doctor lets the patient die without giving him anytreatment on his own request . Active euthanasia means the doctorkill the patient bygiving him an injection or enough painkillers . No, I don‘t think they make anydifference.4. ―Living will ―is a will made by a person when he is living that he does not wantlife prolonged when he is dying .5. Yes , he did .No, they didn‘t .The author wanted to explain that when in ancient Greece doctors and thinkers。

高等教育自学考试旅游英语（050222）本科专业高级英语精读(二)（01258）自学考试大纲黑龙江大学外语教学研究部目录编写前言编写说明一、课程性质和学习目的1、本课程的性质2、本课程设置的目的3、总体课程教学要求4、本课程与其它专业课程的关系5、学时安排二、自学考试大纲有关说明和实施要求1、考纲与教材关系2、考核目标3、命题原则4、学习要求5、自学教材6、自学方法7、社会助学8、本课程训练内容及方法三、课程内容和考核目标Lesson One: What’s Wrong with Our Press?Lesson Two: What to Listen for in MusicLesson Three: EvelineLesson Four: The Tragedy of Old Age in America Lesson Five: The Spanish BullfightLesson Six: Jerusalem the Golden (Excerpt)Lesson Seven: Science Has Spoiled My Supper Lesson Eight: I’ll Never Escape the GhettoLesson Nine: VivisectionLesson Ten: On Human nature and PoliticsLesson Eleven: Is America Falling Apart?Lesson Twelve: The Everlasting WitnessLesson Thirteen: Ace in the HoleLesson Fourteen:Selected Snobberies Lesson Fifteen: Three-Dimensional Youth四、样题及参考答案编写前言为了适应社会主义现代化建设事业对培养人才的需要，我国20世纪80年代初建立了高等教育自学考试制度，经过近20年的发展，高等教育自学考试已成为我国高等教育基本制度之一。

《高级英语(上)》Lesson TwoFour Choices for Young PeopleWord and Expressions P.20antecedent n. 先例，前身；祖先You have sufficient reason for affirming the antecedent.你有充分的理由肯定先例。

batten on 靠……养肥；靠……而兴旺The capitalists batten on the blood of the workers.资本家靠榨取工人的血汗来养肥自己。

charismatic adj. 有超凡魅力的Like all truly charismatic people, he can work his magic on both men and wo men.像所有真正富有魅力的人一样，他让男人和女人都很着迷。

charisma n. 魅力；神授的能力；非凡的领导力The President has great personal charisma.总统具有超凡的个人魅力。

cleanse v. 使清洁，清洗；清理Right after your last cigarette, your body will begin to cleanse itself of tobacc o toxins.在最后一根香烟后，你的身体将马上开始清除烟草毒素。

disillusionment n. 幻灭；醒悟There is widespread disillusionment with the present government.人们对现政府普遍感到失望。

illusion n. 错觉，幻觉；幻想，错误的观念disillusion v. 使醒悟，使不再抱幻想n. 幻灭，失望dwindling 减少;变小;退化In some parts of the world, populations of big trees are dwindling because th eir seedlings cannot survive or grow.在世界上的一些地方，大树的数量正在减少，因为它们的幼苗无法存活或生长。