GMO Pioneers Win World Food PrizeWhen Mary Dell Chilton started her scientific career in the 1970s

2025中考备考初中英语阅读理解人与自我主题语境相关真题精选专项训练AAuggie's StorySleepI'd been reading for over an hour and sleep still didn't come. It was almost two a. m. Everyone else was asleep. I had my flashlight (手电筒) on under the sleeping bag. Maybe the light was why I couldn't sleep, but I was too afraid to turn it off. What had happened kept coming back to my mind.When we got back to the camp, no one noticed we'd been gone. The teachers and all the other kids were still watching the movie. They didn't know how something bad had just happened to me and Jack. It's so strange how that can be, how you could have a night that's the worst in your life, but to everybody else it's just a usual night.Amos, Miles and Henry brought us back to our seats. Then they returned to their own seats. In a way, everything was exactly as we had left it. The sky was the same. The movie was the same. Everyone's faces were the same. Mine was the same.But something was different. Something had changed.Home"So, do you want to hear about the bad part or the good part first?" I asked Mum."Whatever you want to talk about," she answered."Well, except for last night, I had a fantastic time," I said. "I feel like they ruined (毁坏) the whole trip for me." "No, sweetie. Don't let them do that to you. You were there for more than forty-eight hours, and that awful part lasted one hour. Don't let them take that away from you, okay?""I know." I nodded. "But do I always have to worry about bad guys like that? Like when I grow up, is it always going to be like this?""There are always going to be bad guys in the world, Auggie," she said, looking at me. "But I really believe there are more good people on this earth than bad people, and the good people watch out for each other and take care ofeach other. Just like Jack was there for you. And Amos. And those other kids.""Oh yeah, Miles and Henry," I answered. "They were amazing, too. It's very strange because Miles and Henry haven't even really been very nice to me at all during the year.""Sometimes people surprise us," she said, rubbing the top of my head.1.Why couldn't Auggie fall asleep?A. He kept thinking about something.B. He was doing bedtime reading.C. He was looking for his flashlight.D. He didn't like his sleeping bag.2.According to the first part, what was different at the camp?A. The sky.B. Auggie's face.C. The movie.D. Auggie's feeling.3.Auggie was worried that ______.A. his mum would feel unhappyB. bad guys would always be aroundC. he would not have a good tripD. Jack would not be his friend any more4.What do we know about Miles and Henry?A. They ruined Auggie's whole trip.B. They took something away from Auggie.C. They were nice to Auggie this time.D. They were Auggie's best friends.BAs we know, eating vegetables is good for us. Why do some people like them but others don't? A new study has found that other people's likes and dislikes could be a reason. According to the research, people who eat vegetables and show a clear dislike for them can influence others.People may make facial expressions (面部表情) when eating. How does it affect a person watching them? A team of scientists in the UK did a study. They asked more than 200 young women to watch videos of other adults eating broccoli (西兰花). The people in the videos had different expressions while eating. They would smile, seemneutral (neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted.The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less. The opposite was not true, however. When someone had a smile while eating broccoli, people watching them did not like broccoli more.By watching others, humans learn which behaviors will be good for them. Scientists believe that people might avoid food that looks terrible. In this way, people can protect themselves from eating something bad or dangerous. The research focused only on adults, but the team believe that the results could also work for children. This means, if children see their parents not enjoying certain foods, including vegetables, they might not want to eat them either.How does the behavior of adults influence children's choices of food? The team said they hope to understand more about it. This could help find ways to encourage children to eat more healthy foods.5.What does the underlined word "disgusted" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Excited.B. Amazed.C. Unhappy.D. Untidy.6.What's the result of the study?A. People may prefer the food others like.B. Children dislike eating certain vegetables.C. Young women are easily affected by others.D. People may not choose the food others dislike.7.The team may do further study on _________.A. the safety of children's foodB. the wish to understand childrenC. the influences of parents' behaviorD. the ways to produce healthy foods8.What is the best title of the text?A. Videos affect choices of foodB. Studies on vegetables help a lotC. Expressions prevent possible dangersD. Opinions on vegetables influence othersCRobotics Workshop for BeginnersOrganized by May Town Community ClubWe welcome children who are interested to build a mini robot during the summer holidays. Register （登记） fast to avoid disappointment!Those who register before 30 June will get ＄20 off.Date：11 to 13 July，2023Time：9：30 a.m.to 4：00 p.m.Place：May Town Community ClubWorks hop Fee：＄150 per childParents are invited to join their children for a family activity on the final day from 4 p.m.to 5pm Experienced trainers will teach you how to：※ build a mini robot※ use basic symbols for programming the robot※ work in a team※solve problems creativelyTo register for the workshop，visit our website www.maytown.sg and fill in the onlineform.Registration closes on 5 July.For more information，call Peter Lim at 67234562 during office hours.9.Who will teach the children in the robotics workshop？______A. Parents.B. Trainers.C. Robots.D. Peter Lim.10.When will the robotics workshop finish？______A. On 30 June.B. On 5 July.C. On 11 July.D. On 13 July.11.Where can we probably see the material？______A. In a computer book.B. In a science report.C. In a newspaper.D. In a travel guide.DJackson was walking home from school one afternoon when his untied shoelaces (鞋带) caught his foot. He almost fell. He put down his backpack and tied them.Eva and Dave were riding down the other side of the street. Suddenly, Dave stopped and pointed.“Whoa! Did you see that?” he asked. “Jackson just totally fell down there!”“Oh, no! Is he okay?” asked Eva.“It looks like he hurt his knee.”Just as they were still talking about this, Mandy caught up with them. “What are you guys talking about?”she asked.“Jackson just fell and hurt his knee,” said Eva.“Was he bleeding (流血)?” asked Mandy.The story began to spread. Within an hour, Kevin heard the whole story. “Jackson got hit by a car on his way home. There was blood everywhere, and he was sent to hospital.That night, Oliver got more information. “▲ He doesn’t even remember anything about the accident! He won’t be at school for at least four weeks.”The next morning, everybody at school was talking about Jackson.“Lucky Jackson,” Maya said. “He gets to miss so much school.”“The poor guy can’t even move, and you think he’s lucky?” said Kathy.Bob shook his head sadly, “He was so good at soccer—what if he can never play again?”“Maybe we should send him a card or visit him in the hospital,” suggested Bill.“Will he even remember us?” asked Gina.“I can’t believe he lost his memory!” Lisa cried.Just then, Jackson came around the corner and walked over to Gina and Lisa. “Hey guys, what’s going on?” he asked.Everyone stopped talking and stared at him.12.What was Jackson doing when he almost fell?A. Tying his shoelaces.B. Riding his bike home.C. Walking in the street.D. Putting down his backpack.13.Which of the following is the best to fill in the “▲” in the passage?A. Jackson fell down and hurt his knee.B. Jackson got hit by a car and kept bleeding.C. Jackson got caught by his shoelaces and fell.D. Jackson broke his leg and his head was hurt.14.From the last sentence of the passage, we can infer that everyone was ________.A. shockedB. scaredC. upsetD. disappointed15.The best title for the passage can probably be ________.A. A Funny FriendB. He Said, She SaidC. A Terrible AccidentD. He Hurt, She CaredEDear future Linda (or rather myself),I hope when you read this letter you donˈt find my writing too messy! At the moment, Iˈm15 years old and living at home with my family. I love school and have lots of good friends. We do lots of fun things together like parties, ice skating and swimming. My biggest worry is not doing well in my school exams, but Iˈm working really hard so hopefully I have nothing to worry about.Thereˈs so much I (you!) want to do. I hope youˈve travelled all over the world and seen lots of things and met lots of people. I hope youˈve visited the Great Wall in China and the pyramids in Egypt, shopped in New York City and in Paris, seen polar bears in Norway and the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. Iˈve just remembered, you always wanted to see elephants in India—I hope youˈve managed to do that too.I promise myself Iˈll always try my best and have no regrets. I never want to forget where every step of my life has taken me. Already it seems as if so much has happened. Iˈve moved from primary to junior middle school (about to graduate), been taught to swim and dance (I love ballet dancing), learned to speak Chinese and French, and raised money for those in need by selling old toys and books.I really hope youˈre happy. I hope you have a successful career that you enjoy doing and look forward to each morning when you wake up. I hope youˈre surrounded by good friends and family and maybe also have a family of your own. More than anything else, I hope youˈve enjoyed every single moment so far!Love Linda16.How does Linda develop Paragraph 2?A. By comparing facts.B. By telling stories.C. By giving examples.D. By listing numbers.17.Linda promises herself to ________.A. stay with her familyB. visit her friends moreC. always try her bestD. travel as much as she can18.Linda hopes she will have ________.A. a lovely homeB. a lot of holidaysC. a lot of moneyD. a career she loves19.From the passage, we know Linda is ________ about her study and life.A. hopefulB. worriedC. uncertainD. curiousFThe summer vacation is on the way!Spend time on your computers or on your mobile phones ？Stay at home and watch TV ？Why don't you join one of the following clubs to develop your new interests and hobbies ？DANCE CLUB Like to dance7 Come and join our club.Members meetfrom 2 pm to 5 pm on Mondays to practice dancing.There will be a big show in the end and you r parents will be invited to watch yourwonderful performance.COOKING CLUB Can you cook ？No ？Do you like cooking ？Yes ？Our club is the most popular one with more than 50 members.Membersmeet at 9 am every Sunday to learn to cook a dish.Then you can tastethe delicious food cooked by yourself with your partners.Of course ，you can also put your works on WeChat.PHOTOGRAPHY CLUB The club is perfect for students who lovetaking pictures.Members take courses on Fridays ，from 9 am to 11am.You will enjoy photos that top photographers have taken in thecourses.The best teachers from art schools will also teach you how totake wonderful photos.CHESS CLUB If you are interested in improving your creativity andproblem-solving ability ，you can't miss the chess club.Members meet at 2：30 pm on Wednesdays to play and study chess together.You willlearn more about the knowledge and skills of playing chess.20.Who will be invited to watch your performance in the dance club ？ ______A. Your parents.B. Your teachers.C. Your friends.D. Your classmates.21.If Kate wants to learn how to make delicious food，what club can she join？______A. Chess club.B. Dance club.C. Cooking club.D. Photography club.22.How long do the courses last on Fridays in the photography club？______A. One hour.B. Two hours.C. Three hours.D. Four hours.23.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？______A. There will be a big show in the photography club.B. Cooking club members meet at 9 am every Friday.C. Dance club is the most popular one with more than 50 members.D. Chess club can help improve your creativity and problem-solving ability.24.What does the writer advise students to do during the summer vacation？______A. To use mobile phones.B. To spend time on computers.C. To stay at home and watch TV.D. To develop new interests and hobbies.GTen years ago, J.B.Gill decided to make a change. He moved from the city to start hisown farm. As one of the members of a pop group, Gill had lived a busy life but the farmgave him a way to relax.Although farming was new to him, Gill took the challenge and his experiences helpedhim write his book Ace and the Animal Heroes. The story follows Ace, whose lifechanges greatly when he moves to the countryside. After trying on a pair of magicalwellies (长筒靴), Ace realizes he can speak to the animals, who make up their minds toprotect the farm.Gill says that if he had his own pair of magical wellies, he would love to speak to wildlife, especially the wild deer(鹿) that sometimes appear near his farm. As they have no owners, Gill feels like he's sharing their home. "It's really interesting to hear what they're thinking and know where they're at," he said.Gill got his ideas for writing from the animals on his family farm. His children, Ace and Chiara, helped out withhis book. Together, Gill's family made sure that the pictures in the book looked like the animals they'd been based on. He said, "All of those have been really great to piece the whole book together."25.What did Gill decide to do ten years ago?A. Live a busy life.B. Start his own farm.C. Move to the city.D. Form a pop group. .26.What's paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Gill's farm.B. Gill's family.C. Gill's book.D. Gill's animals.27.What can we learn about Gill from paragraph 3?A. He cares about wildlife.B. He develops many interests.C. He was born with magic.D. He is the owner of the deer.28.Where did Gill get the idea for his book?A. From his group members.B. From his children's pictures.C. From the magical wellies.D. From the animals on the farm.HDo you know that over 1/3 of all food produced in the world goes to waste? According to the United Nations (UN), every year around the world, about one billion (十亿) tons of food is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly one billion people who go hungry. Simply 1/4 of the food wasted is enough to keep them out of hunger. In addition, the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), which speeds up climate (气候) change. What can we do to solve this food waste problem?One effective solution is balancing food production with demand (需求). In hotels and other similar places, special instruments should be used so that cooking specialists just prepare and cook food as it is ordered.Another effective solution is starting programs to reduce (减少) food waste. Stores and buyers can try their best to be creative in food waste reduction. For example, stores can provide customers with instructions telling them how to make full use of food. Buyers can try not fixing their eyes only on food of the best quality (质量). Sometimes, the food of non-top quality is also good enough to eat, or can be bought and then used to make delicious dishes.One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan of their own so that less food is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use of meal plans in preparing food can play an important role in ending food waste in the family.Food recycling is one of the known solutions. Efforts are now already in progress. Food that is not safe for humans to eat is recycled into other products such as animal feeds and clothing. Yet, there is still a long way to go and much for improvement in this area.In a word, food waste has been one of the biggest problems in the world that have influenced us greatly. Many solutions have been found and many more are yet to be worked out. If each of us can put in more efforts, food waste is sure to be reduced for the good of our future.29.According to the passage, what is a possible result of food waste?A. The problem of worldwide hunger.B. A big increase in food production.C. The speed-up of climate change.D. A sudden drop in population.30.What can we learn from the passage?A. Food recycling has been hugely successful.B. Buyers should give up non-top quality food.C. Stores should train people to make delicious dishes.D. Meal plans in the family are hard to put into practice.31.What is the passage mainly about?A. Benefits of reducing food waste.B. Solutions to the food waste problem.C. The importance of fighting food waste.D. The attitude to the food waste problem.IWhen considering the kind of experience that makes life better, most people first think that happiness depends on experiencing pleasure: good food, good jobs, all the comforts that money can buy. If we couldn't have these, we might as well sit in front of the television on a quiet evening.Pleasure is an important part of the quality of life, but by itself it doesn't bring happiness. When people think further about what makes a worthy life, they tend (倾向于) to move beyond pleasant memories and begin to remember other events, other experiences that overlap (有重叠) pleasurable ones but fall into a group with a separate name: enjoyment. Enjoyable events take place when people have not only satisfied a need or met someearlier expectation, but also achieved something unexpected.Enjoyment is characterized by a sense of curiosity, of achievement. Playing a tennis game that improves one's ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that shows things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn't know we had. None of these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back on them afterwards, we would say, "That really was fun" and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, and grown.Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two feelings are quite different. For example, everybody takes pleasure in eating. However, to enjoys food is more difficult—you have to pay enough attention to a meal, so as to sense and tell its various tastes. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any psychic energy, while enjoyment happens only as a result of full attention. A person can feel pleasure without any effort, as long as certain parts in his brain are stimulated (刺激). But it's impossible to enjoy a tennis game or a book without full attention. It's for this reason that pleasure does not last long, nor does it make us grow. Growth requires full attention to goals that are new, that are relatively challenging.Without enjoyment, life will go on, and it can even be pleasant. But it depends heavily on luck and the external (外部的) environment. To achieve personal control over the quality of experience, however, we need to learn how to build enjoyment into what happens day in, day out.32.You will most probably experience enjoyment when you ________.A. buy expensive shoesB. order a delicious mealC. talk with friends for new ideasD. sit quietly in front of a television33.What do you know about pleasure and enjoyment from the passage?A. Enjoyment grows out of pleasure.B. Pleasure and enjoyment come hand in hand.C. Pleasurable experiences are part of enjoyable ones.D. Some experiences provide both pleasure and enjoyment.34.The words "psychic energy" in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to ________.A. attentionB. interestC. abilityD. knowledge35.The writer probably agrees that ________.A. feeling pleasure stops people from achieving growthB. feeling enjoyment comes with achieving growthC. a worthy life depends on luck and environmentD. pleasure is the key to a happy and worthy lifeJA young man with excellent grades wanted to get a job in a big company，He met the manager for the interview.The manager asked， "Who paid for your education？""My parents." The young man replied."Where do they work？""They work as clothes cleaners."Then，the manager asked the young man to show his hands.He found the young man's hands were so smooth，and asked， "Have you ever helped your parents wash the clothes？""Never.""Now go home and clean your parents' hands，then see me tomorrow morning."The young man felt upset.When he got home，he asked his parents to let him clean their hands.They felt strange but happy.While the young man was cleaning their hands，he found his parents' hands were so wrinkled （起皱的），and there were so many bruises （瘀伤） in their hands.His tears fell.After cleaning his parents' hands，he quietly washed all the rest of clothes.The next morning，he went to the manager's office.The manager asked him， "Can you tell me what you did and learned yesterday in your house？" He told the manager all he did with tears in his eyes and added， "Now I know what appreciation （感激） is.Without my parents，I would not be who I am today...By helping my parents，I realize how much they've done for me.And I also realize the importance and value of helping one's family."The manager smiled and said， "This is what I'm looking for."36.Why did the young man meet the manager？______A. Because the manager was his friend.B. Because the manager needed his help.C. Because he wanted to find a job.D. Because he wanted to ask for information.37.What did the young man's parents do？______A. Street cleaners.B. Clothes cleaners.C. Factory workers.D. Farm workers.38.What did the manager ask the young man to do after going home？______A. To wash the clothes.B. To talk with his parents.C. To clean the house.D. To clean his parents' hands.39.What can we infer （推断） from the last paragraph？______A. The young man got the job.B. The young man failed the interview.C. The manager laughed at the young man.D. The manager was angry with the young man.40.What does the text mainly tell us？______A. We should face difficulties bravely.B. We should learn to be thankful.C. Excellent grades are the most important.D. It's hard to get a job in a big company.答案和解析1~4.【答案】A、D、B、C【解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲述了Auggie在参加学校组织的露营时发生了一些不好的事，他回到家中和妈妈讲述了他的经历，妈妈告诉他世界上的好人远比坏人多。

2022年12月大学英语四级考试真题2Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:In this task,you are to write an essay on the importance of developing a healthy lifestyle among college students. You will have 30 minutes for the task.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three new reports. Ar the end of each news report, you will ear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you her a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B) ,C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) A free car show.C) A sports competition.B) A yearly concert.D) A pipe band contest.2. A) improve the image of Glasgow city.B) Enrich the local culture of Glasgow.C) Contribute a lot to the local economy.D) Entertain people in local communities.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) Surprising rise in global sea levels.B) Dangerous ice melts in Greenland.C) Changing weather patterns in summer.D) Record growth of Greenland's ice sheets.4.A) It began in late May.B) It lasted three months.C) It started a month earlier than usual.D) It ended a month earlier than before.Questions 5 to 7 are bused on the news report you have just heard5.A) Bundles of f 20 notes kept turning up.B) A villager was searching for his lost cash.C)Local policemen came across bundles of f 20 notes.D) A bundle containing thousands of pounds got stolen.6.A) They give it to charity.B)They return it to the finder.C)They hand it over to the local government.D)They place a notice in The Northern Echo.7.A) They cooperated well with the police.C) They were puzzled by the mystery.B) They enjoyed a fairly affluent life.D) They had a strong community spirit.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) Excited.B)DelightedC)Indifferent.D) Strange.9. A) Search for the meaning of their life.B) Look back on their years at school.C) Call on their relatives and friends.D) Talk about future plans with friends.10. A) He prefers to have them shown on social media.B)He loves them but does not want to make a fuss.C)He enjoys celebrating others' birthdays rather than his own.D) He looks forward to receiving presents from his close friends.11.A)Hold it on a modest scale to remove birthday anxieties.B) View it as a chance for people to socialize and have fun.C) Extend invitation to those he trusts most.D) Make it an occasion to collect donations.Questions 12 to15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) It was absolutely exhausting.B) There was a terrible smell.C) There was too long a delayD) She got off at the wrong station.13. A) She hasn't saved enough money.B) She is worried about traffic jams.C) She hasn't passed the driving test yet.D) She is used to taking public transport.14. A) They are popular.B) They are dangerous.C) They are a bit expensive for her.D) They are environmentally friendly.15. A) By bus.B) By jogging.C) By renting a bike. D) By sharing a ride.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) He is a sign language interpreter.B)He is a deaf person working in IT.C) He doesn't like speaking at meetings.D) He doesn't use email or text messages.17.A) Improved communication skills.B)Speech recognition technology.C) Big advances in sign language.D) Transformation in the IT industry.18.A) He can avoid being mistaken.B)He can take motes on the spot.C) He can understand with case.D) He can see the speakers' images.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A To find pure white walls shining.B) To enter a house well looked after.C) To get a hag from family members.D) To see cheerful colours all around.20.A)Choosing a colour because it is fashionable.B) Painting the interior of their cupboards.C) Doing the painting job all by themselves.D) Designing all window frames the same way.21.A) Fit most of the cupboards into wallsB) Hang landscape paintings all around.C) Match the room's ceiling with all the furniture in colour.D) Paint the wooden frameworks and walls the same colour.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A Children must read at least 3 times a week.B) Reading is a habit every child can develop.C) Reading to their children is important.D) Children should start reading at age 3.23.A) The number of books they have read by age four.B)The speed of their brain development in infancy.C)The number and quality of books parents read to them in infancy.D) The quality and quantity of time parents spend playing with them.24.A) Books with specifically labeled images.B) Books with pictures of dolls and toys.C) Books describing the lives of animals.D) Books telling very interesting stories.25.A)Read as many books as possible to their children.B) Choose carefully what to read to their children.C) Share experience with other parents.D) Create picture books for their children.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item an Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Parenting brings fathers more joy than it doe smothers, according to a new study. The research examined three studies 26 more than 18,000 participants. Across all three, parenthood was 27 with more positive well-being outcomes for dads than for mams.So why are fathers happier than mothers? "Fathers may fare better than mothers in part due tohow thy spend time with their children," said lead author Katherine Nelson-Coffey. In one study, the authors 28 that dads were more likely to take "playing" as an 29 activity both when caring for their kids and spending time with their kids. “Playing with their children likely offers parents opportunities to experience positive feelings and 30 closeness with their children," they say.Fathers also did better than men without kids, reporting greater happiness. life satisfaction, and fewer 31 symptoms. They also reported greater connectedness and autonomy (自主). For mums, 32, compared to women without children, the results weren't quite as positive. Mums reported greater autonomy, but also "greater trouble" and fewer positive 33 .Mums reported happier moods while interacting with their kids, compared to other experiences, but not while engaging 34 in childcare.“This difference suggests that how mothers and fathers spend time with their children might have important 35 for their well-being." the authors write. They suspect that mums may be less happy than dads because they're more likely to have higher expectations about parenthood. As such, they're more likely to be "let down" by the experience.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Learning to say noA)Not doing something will always be faster than doing it. This philosophy applies in many areas of life. For example, there is no meeting that goes faster than not having a meeting at all. This is not to say you should never attend another meeting, but the truth is that we say "yes" to too many things we don't actually want to do.B)How often do people ask you to do something and you just reply, "Sure." Three days later, you're overwhelmed by how much is on your to do list. We become frustrated by our obligations even though we were the ones who said“yes"to them in the first place. Even worse, people will occasionally fight to do things that waste time. You don't have to do something just because it exists. It's worth asking if things are necessary. Many of them are not and a simple "no" will be more productive than whatever work the most efficient person can cope with. But if the benefits of saying "no"are so obvious, then why do we say “yes" so often?C)We say“yes"to many requests not because we want to do them, but because we don't want to be seen as rude or unhelpful. Often, we have to consider saying "no" to someone we will interact with again in the future our coworker, our spouse, our family and friends. Saying "no"to our superiors at work can be particularly difficult.In these situations, I like the approach recommended in Essentialism by Greg MeKcown.He writes, "Remind your superiors what you would be neglecting if you said "yes"and force them to deal with the trade-off. For example, if your manager comes to you and asks you to do x. you can respond with"Yes, I'm happy to make this the priority. Which of these other projects should I deprioritize to pay attention to this new project?’”D)Collaborating with others is an important element of life. The thought of straining the relationship outweighs the commitment of our time and energy. For this reason, it can be helpful to be gracious in your response. Do whatever favors you can, and be warm-hearted and direct when you have to say no. But even after we have accounted for these social considerations, many of us still seem to do a poor job of managing the trade off between yes and no. We find ourselves over-committed to things that don' meaningfully improve or support those around us, and certainly don't improve our own lives.E)P erhaps one issue is how we think about the meaning of yes and no. The words “yes" and "no" get so often used in comparison with each other that it feels like they carry equal weight in conversation. In reality. they're not just opposite in meaning, but of entirely different magnitudes in commitment When you say "no", you're only saying “no" to one option. When you say "yes", you're saying "no" to every other option. I like how economist Tim Harford put it, "Every time we say 'yes’ to a request, we're also saying 'no’ to anything else we might accomplish with the time," Once you're committed to something, you've already decided how that future block of time will be spent, In other words, saying"no"saves you time in the future. Saying "yes" costs you time in the future.“No" is a form of time credit. You retain the ability to spend your future time however you want."Yes" is a form of time debt. You have to pay back your commitment at some point.F)“No" is a decision. “Yes" is a responsibility. Saying “no" is sometimes seen as a luxury that only those in power can afford. And it's true: turning down opportunities is easier when you can fall back on the safety net provided by power,money, and authority. But it's also true that saying "no"is not merely a privilege reserved for the successful. It's also a strategy that can help you become successful. Saying“no"is an important skill to develop at any stage of your career because it retains the most important asset in life: your time.As investor Pedro Sorrentino put it, "If you don't guard your time, people will steal it from you." You need to say“no"to whatever isn't leading you toward your goals.G)Nobody embodied this idea better than Steve Jobs, who said, “People think focus means saying "yes' to the thing you've got to focus on.But that's not what it means at all. It means saying 'no’ to the hundred other good ideas that there are. You have to pick carefully." Jobs had another great quote about saying“no": "I'm actually as proud of the things we haven't done as the things I have done Innovation is saying 'no’ to 1,000 things.'H)Over times, as you continue to improve and succeed, your strategy needs to change. The opportunity cost of your time increases as you become more successful. At first, you just eliminate the obvious distractions and explore the rest.As your skills improve and you lean to separate what works from what doesn't, you have to continually increase your threshold for saying "yes", You still need to say "no" to distractions, but you also need to lean to say"no" to opportunities that were previously good uses of time: so you can make space for better use of time. It's a good problem to have, but it can be a lough skill to master.I)What is true about health is also true about productivity: an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. More effort is wasted doing things that don't matter than is wasted doing things inefficiently. And if that is the case, elimination is a more useful skill than optimization. I'm reminded of the famous Peter Druckerquoe, "There is nothing so useless as doing efficiently that which should not be done at all."36.People often grant a request just because they want to appear polite and helpful.37.It's no easy job learning to say “no" to opportunities that were once considered worth grasping.38.When you decline a request, you are saving your future time.39.People sometimes struggle to do things that are simply a waste of time.40.Doing efficiently what is not worth doing is the most useless effort.41.It is especially difficult for people to decline to do what their superiors ask them to do.42.People agree to do too many things they are in fact unwilling to do.43.According to one famous entrepreneur, innovation means refusal to do an enormous number ofthings.44.It is an essential aspect of life to cooperate with other people.45.Refusing a request is sometimes seen as a privilege not enjoyed by ordinary people.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.We're eating more fish than ever these days At around 20 kilograms per person global fish consumption is now more than twice what it was in the 1960s. What's really remarkable, though, is where that fish comes from.For the first time in human history, most of our aquatic (水产的) food now comes from farming rather than fishing.People ate around 73 million tonnes of farmed fish-just more than half of the volume of fish that humans consumed---in 2014. That's out of a total fish supply of 167 million tonnes; the remaining 20 million or so tonnes go into things like animal feed and medical products.To keep eating fish at the current rate, we're definitely going to need to keep aquaculture(水产养殖)developing. That's because the volume of fish caught in the wild has leveled off since the 1990s.Back in 1974, only 10% of marine fish stocks had been overfished. Now, more than three-tenths are. Only a tenth of our oceans' fish stocks could sustain heavier fishing than current levels.But while catchings at sea have suffered fish-farming has been growing at a fast rate. A lot of that is coming from China, which produccs60% of the world's farmed fish. In fact, some 35 countries, including China, now produce more farmed than wild caught fish.This shift toward aquaculture isn't just good for ensuring salmon (三文鱼)on your plate; it's also crucial to ensuring food security and sustainability. By 2050, the world will need to feed an estimated 9.7 billion people. They'll have to get their protein somewhere. However, raising cattle, pigs, and other land based animals requires vast sums of grain and water. For example, pound for pound, beef requires 15 times more feed to raise than carp, a freshwater fish farmed all over Asia. That grain-and the water needed to grow it-could be consumed by people instead.However, aquaculture is no silver bullet.In some southeast Asian countries, shrimp farming does disastrous damage to marine ecosystems. Despite these problems, however, shrimp continues to be among the most popular sea-foods worldwide.46.What does the author say is remarkable about the fish we eat?A) They reproduce quickly.B) They are mostly farmedC They have become as important as grain.D)They have a longer history than humans.47.What do we need to do if we keep consuming fish at the current rate?A) Increase the fishing volume considerably.B) Develop more advanced fishing technology.C) Enlarge the marine fish stocks effectively.D) Expand the scale of fish-farming continuously.48.What does the author say about China in terms of aquatic food?A)It places increasing emphasis on fishing now.B) It boasts of the world's largest fishing stocks.C) It raises more fish than caught from the wild.D) It supplies 60% of the world's fish products.49.Why does the author say aquaculture is so important these days?A) It is a must for feeding the world's fast-growing population.B) It proves a reliable source of protein for humans and animals.C is essential to maintaining both mental and physical health.D) It ensures a balanced healthy dict for people the world over.50.What does the author imply by saying aquaculture is no silver ballet?A) Shrimp-farming is a risky business.B) Fish-farming will not be sustainable.C) Fish-farming may cause serious problems too.D) Shrimp farming can become quite expensive.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are bused on the following passage.In 2020, the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the World Food Programme (WFP).Why a Nobel Prize for the WFP, and why now? In 2019, the WFP assisted nearly 100 millionpeople in 88 countries. It is the safety net for those who fall off the edge of existence. It is a response to solving the problem of food instability.Its Nobel Prize reminds us all of the moral hazard in imagining that the poor and vulnerable are somebody else's problem.The WFP has been around since 1961 and has been the global coordinator of nationally based efforts to avoid disasters with food aid. Despite decades of effort to eliminate hunger, the latest estimate is that about 11% of people on the planet (about 820 million people) are suffering daily undernourishment. Progress at reducing undernourishment has stopped despite gains through the 1990s and 2000s.Developed countries sometimes offer food and aid to developing ones, but at a price. One American philosopher sated that addressing the needs of the poor and vulnerable is about more than money--- it is mostly about creating conditions under which prosperity and opportunity can thrive. When aid is offered with heavy conditions attached,like loan repayment or food for resources, it often widens the gap between rich and poor and sustains the old world order. This is why the work of the WFP is so vital.The scientific community, however, can provide a helping hand to the WFP. By sharing knowledge of agriculture and climate with peers in countries most vulnerable to poverty and hunger, scientists can help reduce these problems. By making its voice heard, science can lead by example. The ability to overcome food shortages that must be built into some of the poorest countries will not come from loans from wealthy countries, which may have food problems of their own, or world economic institutions. This ability will be built upon self-confident people using open and shared scientific knowledge to pull themselves out of their misery.51.What does the WFP's winning of the Nobel Peace Prize make us realize?A) More and more people in the world are suffering from starvation.B) All of us can be affected by food instability one way or another.C) It is hazardous to leave millions of people poor and vulnerable.D) It is morally wrong to think helping the poor is not our business.52.What do we learn about the WFP's effort to eliminate hunger?A)It has ensured a sufficient food supply to millions.B)It is still far from its goal despite the progress made.C)It has done a good job in combating natural disasters.D)It is preventing starvation occurring on a global scale.53.What will happen when food aid is offered at a price?A) The rich will become richer and the poor poorer.B)More people will be willing to join in the effort.C) More food will be made available to the needy.D) The relief effort will be rendered less sustainable.54. How can scientists help cope with poverty and hunger?A) By collaborating closely with world economic institutions.B)By sharing expertise with peers in poverty-stricken nations.C) By setting up more food research programs in developing countries.D)By building self-respect in people suffering from under-nutrition.55.What message does the author try to convey at the end of the passage?A)Wealthy nations should solve their own food problems first.B)Rich countries should be more generous in providing food aid.C)Poor nations should enhance their own ability to solve their food shortages.D)World economic institutions should play a bigger role in fighting hunger.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.立春(Start of Spring) 在中国农历中表示春天的开始。

北京市丰台区第二中学2024年七年级英语第二学期期末学业质量监测试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、B【解析】【详解】句意：我们希望世界上将没有战争。

每个人都过着幸福的生活。

考查there be结构的一般将来时态。

根据“We hope there ... a war in the world.”可知，此处应用一般将来时的否定形式，表达“将没有”，由“there”可知，不能与have连用，故排除选项A、C，there be结构的一般将来时的否定形式为there is not going to be/there will not be，因此选项B正确。

故选B。

2、You bought the last ticket for the movie. How ________ you are!A. awfulB. naturalC. luckyD. lazy3、You’d better ____________ late next time.A. not beB. not to beC. won’t beD. don’t be4、[prɪˈpeə(r)]A. paperB. pepperC. prepareD. preparation5、Mr Moore is ________ European and his wife is ________ American.A. an, anB. a, aC. a, anD. an, a6、Our English teacher not only teaches __________English but also a friend of__________.A. our; usB. our; oursC. us; usD. us; ours7、The poor man needs our help, he?A. needB. needn'tC. doesD. doesn't8、—Did you watch the film “Born to Fly” (《长空之王》)?—Yes, I felt so proud (骄傲的) of our country after I watched it. ________ excellent film!A. What anB. WhatC. How anD. How9、__________ the windows before you leave the classroom.A. To closeB. ClosingC. ClosedD. Close10、Basketball is a ________ game in the USA. Many people like it.A. usefulB. expensiveC. popularD. lazy二、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）11、A: What is your sister doing now?B: ________________________.（talk on the phone）12、Would you like ________(eat) ice-cream or pancakes?13、Daniel, ________（not bring）any food into the reading room.14、汤姆尽力了，并通过了考试。

袁隆平科学成就贡献英语作文Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice, has made invaluable contributions to the field of agriculture and food security. His groundbreaking research and innovations in hybrid rice technology have transformed the way the world produces and consumes rice, one of the most essential staple foods for billions of people.Born in 1930 in Hainan, China, Yuan Longping's interest in agriculture and plant breeding began at a young age. He witnessed firsthand the devastating effects of famine and food shortages, which fueled his determination to find a solution to the global problem of hunger. After completing his studies in agronomy, he embarked on a journey that would forever change the course of agricultural history.In the early 1970s, Yuan Longping and his team of researchers began exploring the potential of hybrid rice, a technique that involves cross-breeding different varieties of rice to produce offspring with superior traits. This process, known as heterosis, had been observed in other crops, but its application to rice had remained elusive. YuanLongping's persistence and innovative thinking led him to uncover the genetic mechanisms underlying heterosis in rice, paving the way for the development of the world's first successful hybrid rice variety.The breakthrough came in 1973 when Yuan Longping and his team successfully bred the first high-yielding hybrid rice strain. This new variety, known as the "Ⅲ You 2", was able to produce significantly higher yields than traditional inbred rice varieties, offering a promising solution to the challenge of feeding the rapidly growing global population.The impact of Yuan Longping's work cannot be overstated. The adoption of hybrid rice technology has transformed the agricultural landscape, especially in China, where it has become the dominant method of rice production. By the early 2000s, hybrid rice accounted for more than 50% of China's total rice cultivation, and its use has since spread to other parts of Asia, Africa, and the Americas.The advantages of hybrid rice are numerous and far-reaching. Firstly, the increased yield potential of hybrid rice has helped to boost food production, contributing to the alleviation of global hunger and poverty. It is estimated that the use of hybrid rice has added more than 800 million tons of rice to the global food supply, a remarkable achievement that has had a profound impact on the lives of millions of people.Moreover, hybrid rice is not only more productive but also more resilient to various environmental stresses, such as drought, pests, and diseases. This enhanced adaptability has made it a crucial tool in the fight against the effects of climate change, which threaten the stability of food production systems worldwide.Beyond its direct impact on rice production, Yuan Longping's work has also had far-reaching implications for the broader field of plant breeding and genetic engineering. His pioneering research has inspired and influenced countless scientists and researchers around the world, leading to advancements in crop improvement, genetic manipulation, and the development of new agricultural technologies.The recognition and accolades bestowed upon Yuan Longping are a testament to the significance of his contributions. He has been honored with numerous prestigious awards, including the World Food Prize, the Magsaysay Award, and the National Medal of Science, among others. These honors not only celebrate his scientific achievements but also highlight the profound impact his work has had on the lives of people around the world.Beyond his scientific accomplishments, Yuan Longping is also revered for his unwavering commitment to the betterment of humanity. Throughout his long and distinguished career, he hasremained dedicated to the pursuit of food security and the alleviation of global hunger. His tireless efforts, coupled with his visionary thinking and innovative approach, have made him a true hero in the eyes of millions.As the world continues to grapple with the challenges of population growth, climate change, and food insecurity, the legacy of Yuan Longping stands as a beacon of hope and inspiration. His pioneering work in hybrid rice technology has not only transformed the way we grow and consume rice but has also paved the way for a more sustainable and equitable future for all.In conclusion, the scientific achievements and contributions of Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice, are truly remarkable. His groundbreaking research, innovative thinking, and unwavering dedication to addressing global food challenges have left an indelible mark on the world of agriculture and beyond. As we face the daunting task of feeding a growing global population, the legacy of Yuan Longping will continue to inspire and guide us towards a more food-secure and sustainable future.。

Passage OneI'll admit I've never quite understood the obsession（难以破除的成见）surrounding genetically modified (GM) crops. To environmentalist opponents, GM foods are simply evil, an understudied, possibly harmful tool used by big agricultural businesses to control global seed markets and crush local farmers. They argue that GM foods have never delivered on their supposed promise, that money spent on GM crops would be better channeled to organic farming and that consumers should be protected with warning labels on any products that contain genetically modified ingredients. To supporters, GM crops are a key part of the effort to sustainably provide food to meet a growing global population. But more than that, supporters see the GM opposition of many environmentalists as fundamentally anti-science, no different than those who question the basics of man-made climate change.For both sides, GM foods seem to act as a symbol: you're pro-agricultural business or anti-science. But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GM foods, which is why I was happy to see Nature devote a special series of articles to the GM food controversy. The conclusion: while GM crops haven't yet realized their initial promise and have been dominated by agricultural businesses, there is reason to continue to use and develop them to help meet the enormous challenge of sustainably feeding a growing planet.That doesn't mean GM crops are perfect, or a one-size-fits-all solution to global agriculture problems. But anything that can increase farming efficiency一the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land一will be extremely useful. GM crops can and almost certainly will be part of that suite of tools' but so will traditional plant breeding, improved soil and crop management一and perhaps most important of all, better storage and transport infrastructure（基础设施）, especially in the developing world. (It doesn't do much good for farmers in places like sub-Saharan Africa to produce more food if they can't get it to hungry consumers.) I'd like to see morenon-industry research done on GM crops—not just because we'd worry less about bias, but also because seed companies like Monsanto and Pioneer shouldn't be the only entities working to harness genetic modification. I'd like to see GM research on less commercial crops, like com. I don't think it's vital to label GM ingredients in food, but I also wouldn't be against it一and industry would be smart to go along with labeling, just as a way of removing fears about the technology.Most of all, though, I wish a tenth of the energy that's spent endlessly debating GM crops was focused on those more pressing challenges for global agriculture. There are much bigger battles to fight.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

必修第三册Unit 4Space Exploration高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解ADespite Kyle Tianshi being only a 15-year-old US high schooler，he has published five sci-fi novels.His fifth book E v entide was released in July.However，this may not be his most impressive achievement as Kyle just received the “Hero Award”，a $20,000 grand prize.It is the top honor in the California Youth Sustainability Awards.The competition aims to encourage and support young community leaders who are making a difference for sustainability in their communities by taking action for the planet.Kyle，a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US，received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.The device can detect microscopic particles(粒子) in water by using a laser and microscope.These particles can be harmful to people and the environment.Kyle came up with the idea for the invention based on his experience growing up in San Diego，California，the US.People had no access to unpolluted drinking water and his parents asked him not to drink tap water.Kyle spent about $60 buying the tools needed to analyze the tap water：a laser，a microscope and a micro-computer.“It’s incredibly powerful for the price，”Kyle said.Then he used their family’s garage as his laboratory，doing research on the pollution of drinking water caused by micro-plastics.Kyle hopes to bring to market a low-cost alternative tool for detecting micro-plastic pollution levels in drinking water.In this way，he can offer help to people who don’t have access to water filtration(过滤) systems.He has applied for a patent.Kyle said his sister Emily，a freshman at Stanford University，inspired his interest in environmental research.She was recognized nationally for developing a water collection device.They have founded the Clearwater Innovation program to advocate for clean water through social media platforms and organize community cleanup events.1．What do we know about Kyle?A．He is good at adapting sci-fi works.B．He entered many novel contests.C．He received an award for his invention.D．He’s found microscopic particles in water.答案 C解析细节理解题。

The 2004 World Food Prize Laureates-Two Outstanding ScientistsThe Word Food Prize is an important international award which was created in 1986.It is awarded each year to people who have advanced human development by improving the quality,quantity or availability of food in the world. In 2004,the prize of $250,000 was awarded jointly tu Yuan LONGping from China and Monty Jones from Sierra Leone in Africa.Both men were honoured for their work in the development of new hybrid rice plants which produce higher yields.Yuan Longping was a research professor in Hunan in 1973 when he made his maior scientific breakthrough.This genetic discovery made it possible to produce hige-yield rice hybrids A commercial hybrid rice plant was produced a year later.This new variety produces crop yields 20% higger than other rice plants and it immediately began to improve food availability in China.Since Yuan’s breakthrough achievement,the crop has been planted all over China.Today,almost half of China’srice production is from hybrid plants and they produce enough food for about 60 million more people every year.Monty Jones was bron in Sierra Leone and beganhis career in 1975 by working on a rice research project in his home country.He made his breakthrough achievement in 1991 when he created a rice hybrid called”New Rice for Africa”(NERIXCA),by crossing Asian and African rice plants.The hybrid is particularly well suited to African rice farmers because it is able to grow on poor land and it can survive very dry weather.This new hybrid prodecs higher yields than other local rice plants.But it also prduces rice with more protein which makes it a better quality staple food.Monty Jones’s work has already led to the development of many new NERICA rice plants,some of which can increase yields by nearly 50%.African farmers can choose the NERICA variety which best suits their land.The new high-yield rice will benefit 20 million rice famers and 240 million consumers in West Africa over the next decade.Because of their dedication and hard work,these two outstanding scientists have really made a difference to the lives of millions of people in two continents.。

gm food英语作文gm food英语作文我们吃众多食物之中可能就有一个是GM food（转基因食品），正如我们现在所进行的英语现在一般。

下面是店铺给大家整理的gm food 英语作文，供大家参阅!gm food英语作文篇1GM FOODGM food is the abbreviation of the genetically—modified food,which is most commonly used to refer to crop plants created for human or animal consumption using the latest molecular biology techniques. GM food has broad prospects in the future.There are many advantages of it.Firstly,it has effective control of insect pests. Crop losses from insect pests can be staggering, resulting in devastating financial loss for farmers and starvation in developing countries. Farmers use many tons of chemical pesticides annually. Consumers do not wish to eat food that has been treated with pesticides because of potential health hazards, and run-off of agricultural wastes from excessive use of pesticides can poison the water supply and cause harm to the environment. Growing GM foods can help eliminate the application of chemical pesticides and reduce the cost of bringing a crop to market.Secondly, it has the good resistance in desease.There are many viruses, fungi and bacteria that cause plant diseases. Plant biologists are working to create plants with genetically-engineered resistance to these diseases so that can solve this problem.Thirdly in the aspect of nutrition,nowadays, rice does not contain adequate amounts of all necessary nutrients to prevent malnutrition. If rice could be genetically engineered to contain additional vitamins and minerals, nutrientdeficiencies could be alleviated.Howere,we can not ignore some protential risks.Environmental activists, public interest groups, professional associations and other scientists and government officials have all raised concerns about GM foods, and criticized agribusiness for pursuing profit without concern for potential hazards Firstly ,they hold the view that it will bring the environmental hazards. it may reduce the effectiveness of pestcides.Just as some populations of mosquitoesdeveloped resistance to the now-banned pesticide DDT, many people are concerned that insects will become resistant to B.t. or other crops that have been genetically-modified to produce their own pesticides.Secondly, there maybe harmful to human health . There is a growing concern that introducing foreign genes into food plants may have an unexpected and negative impact on human health. Thirdly,there are also economic concerns .Bringing a GM food to market is a lengthy and costly process, and of course agri-biotech companies wish to ensure a profitable return on their investment. Many new plant genetic engineering technologies and GM plants have been patented, and patent infringement is a big concern of agribusiness. Yet consumer advocates are worried that patenting these new plant varieties will raise the price of seeds so high that small farmers and third world countries will not be able to afford seeds for GM crops, thus widening the gap between the wealthy and the poor.For my part ,Genetically-modified foods have the potential to solve many of the world's hunger and malnutrition problems, and to help protect and preserve the environment by increasing yield and reducing reliance upon chemical pesticides andherbicides. Yet there are many challenges ahead for governments, especially in the areas of safety testing, regulation, international policy and food labeling. Many people feel that genetic engineering is the inevitable wave of the future and that we cannot afford to ignore a technology that has such enormous potential benefits. However, we must proceed with caution to avoid causing unintended harm to human health and the environment as a result of our enthusiasm for this powerful technology.gm food英语作文篇2What is GM food? Talk about the benefits and risks of GM food.GM foods,so called genetically modified foods,are the foods that are derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. GM technology is the separation and decorated artificial genes into the genome of organisms, and to gene expression, access to new traits of biological technology.Since this technology was practiced,genetically modified food has developed a lot.In 1983,world’s first case of successful cultivation is tobacco.In 1994,the U.S. first case of GM food is tomatoes.In 1996,large-scale production has come into use.Since that,the amount of GM foods increased by 52 times each year.People have shared a lot of advantages as time went by.GM crops are more productive and have a larger yield. They can offer more nutritional value and better flavor. What is more,a possibility that they could eliminate allergy-causing properties in some foods and inbuilt resistance to pests, weeds and disease. They are also more capable of thriving in regions with poor soilor adverse climates and remaining fresh longer.Still,at the same time,much danger has been put up all the way. For example,in August 1998,a British research institute reported that rats ate GM potatoes, which was insect-resistant transgenic potatoes produced by snowdrop lectin .Andthere was damage to internal organs and immune systems and this impeded the growth of mice.Apart from what we have mentioned above,genetically modified foods has also exerted influence on the possible impact of human consumption and may affect the ecological environment,such as super weed problems,the impact of biodiversity and destruction of ecological balance.What is more serious,GM crops may expand to“genetic pollution”,which might destroy the biodiversity, leading to extinction of individual species,affect the hidden dangers of biological diversity and GM foods have yet to appear directly harmful to human cases.In my opinion,the benefits outweigh the potential risks .One one hand ,trust in food safety and regulatory systems .On the other hand,watch out the further safety evaluation and risk assessment.gm food英语作文篇3GM Food 转基因食物You are required to write an article titled GM Food on the basis of websites and sofewares. In the article, you are expected to present the points as follows: the definition of GM food, the possible prospects and problems, your attitude towards GM food. The article should be no less than 500 words. Genetically modified (GM) foods are foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering, usinga process of either Cisgenesis or Transgenesis. GM foods were first put on the market in the early 1990s. Typically, genetically modified foods are transgenic plant products: soybean, corn, canola, and cotton seed oil.Last year, the Ministry of Agriculture awarded the safety cerfiticate to two kinds of transgenic rice, and this triggered a large-scale discussion. Many people oppose it and refuse to eat GM foods. They objected to GM foods on several grounds such as:• GMF’s have not been a success, there is no test in human being. The GM foods maybe change human gene in future.• Genet ically modified crops will affect other plants around them and change other species, then more and more species will vary or disappear.• GM foods have the advantage in both price and output, so traditional farmers will lose the market. Then few companies who have transgene proprietary technology will control food market.On the contrary, many proponents of GM foods have other opinions:• People eat GM foods, then the foods are analysed and assimilated like normal foods, there is no theory to support that G M foods will change human being’s gene.• There is a food supply issue in the developing world, in order to meeting the demand for food and confronting the climate change we need to increase use of GM crops. • The GM crops use less pesticide, It is more safty than normal crops.Actually, more and more GM foods appear in our lives. When you have dinner in the restaurant, maybe you eat the GM oil, GM corn and GM rice, but you just don’t know.Genetically modified food is science brings us the product,now of cultivated land area of less, genetically modified food will play more and more important role, if the use of transgenic technology can solve the world food shortage problem, it is not quite good? Genetically modified food in the world now is a kind of new things, new things, people need time to promote its accept also need some time, we cannot put new things in the cradle, a stick to it from the beginning, that cannot be eaten of genetically modified food. You think wedon't of hybrid rice is a genetically modified food? But we can open it from? And if they can pass the soybeans genetically modified technique using atmospheric nitrogen inside his produces fertilizers to other crops gene transfer in the mankind, it is. Everything is both sides, especially technology, science and technology is a double-edged sword? Genetically modified food has its disadvantages, like some worry, because it will not change, will destroy genetic evolution, etc. Genetically modified food and nutrition inside it isn't like that, the propaganda of people worry is understandable, after accepting a new things take time. But we also should see the benefits of them,I think as time slowly past, genetically modified foods will be accepted by people.。

2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之科普知识类1.（2011·陕西卷）DEver since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, gentically mondified (GM, 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the word,mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. But can GM technology solve world hunger problems? Even if it would ,is it the best solutiorr?Despite what it promiises,GM technology actually has not increased the production potential of any corp. In factStudies show that the most crown GM croo.GM soybeans, has suffered reduced productivity. For instance, a report than analysed nearly two decades of research on mojor GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.Something else, however, has been on the rise, While GM seeds are expensive, GM companics tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides（杀虫剂）. On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “ The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But nether is true,” said Bill Christison, President of the US National Farm Coalition.At the same time, the authors of the book World Hunger: Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production, but by problems in food distribution and politics. These indeed deserve our efforts and money. Meanwhile, the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food, according to a 2008 World Bank report.As a matter of fact ,scientists see better ways to feed the world. Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger, because better ways out are available, among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.57.The author develops the second paragraph mainly . 【C】A. by classificationB. by comparisonC. by exampleD. by process58. What does the underlined word “boost ” in the third paragraph probably mean? 【D】A. Control.B. EvaluateC. Obtain.D. Increase.59. GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from ______________. 【B】A. practicing “green” farmingB. use of less chemicalsC. fair distribution of their cropsD. using more crops for fuel60. Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology?【C】A. OptimisticB. DefensiveC. DisapprovingD. Casual2.（2011·重庆卷）CGetting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.64. The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because .A. they lived healthily in a dirty environment.B. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay inC. they believed disease could be spread in public bathsD. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease65.Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing?A. Afraid.B. Curious.C. Approving.D. Uninterested.66. How does the passage mainly develop?A. By providing examples.B. By making comparisons.C. By following the order of time.D. By following the order of importance.67. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To stress the role of dirt.B. To introduce the history of dirt.C. To call attention to the danger of dirt.D. To present the change of views on dirt.【答案】CA CD3.（2011·湖南卷）CA recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的) speciesThe discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna elephant Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石)，mammoths and mastodons the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of thetwo species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the ele phants’ signi ficant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先)for conservation purpose .”66. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant67. T he underlined word “divergence”in paragraph 4means “________”A. evolutionB. exhibitionC. separationD. examination68. The researche r’s conclusion was based on a study of the A frican elephant’s ____________A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population69. What were Alfred Roca’s words mainly about?A. The conversation of African elephants.B. The purpose of studying African elephantsC. The way to divide African elephants into two unitsD. The reason for the distinction of African elephants70. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalist’s Belief about Elephants.B. Amazing Experiment about ElephantsC. An Unexpected Finding about ElephantsD. A Long scientific Debate about ElephantsC 科普说明文：African elephant 有两个不同的种类66. fossils 定位，找到第三段第一句，有两种fossils，mam和mas，选项D67. 文中divergence of the two species指代前文the Ase and the Afe have been distinct species, divergence与distinct同义替换，对应选项C68. conclusion, based on定位，找到倒数第二段最后一句lay in 与based on 同义替换，答案：A69. AR定位，找到倒数第一段，从AR的话中，第一句for conservation purpose, 最后一句for conservation purpose确定A70.文章首句点明全文主旨，答案：C4.（2011·江西卷）DWhy should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. Thetechniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products (副产品) of technological developments in the space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human being to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.71. Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph1?A. To express his doubts.B. To compare different ideas.C. To introduce points for discussion.D. To describe the conditions on Earth.72. What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph2?A. Humans are nature-born to do so.B. Humans have the tendency to fight.C. Humans may find new sources of food.D. Humans don’t like to stay in the same place.73. The underlin ed word“spin-offs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to______.A. survival chancesB. potential resourcesC. unexpected benefitsD. physical possessions74. What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?A. O ur genetic makeup.B. Resources on the earth..C. The adaptive ability of humans.D. By-products in space exploration.75. Which of the statements can best sum un the passage?A. Space exploration has created many wonders.B. Space exploration provided the best value for money.C. Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.解析：71. 推理判断题。