新东方林露露：2013年8月29日雅思阅读考题回忆

【雅思】2013年8月24日雅思阅读考题回顾雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心宋媛婧考试日期：2013年8月24日methods developed for organic agriculture have been borrowed by more conventional agriculture. For example, Integrated Pest Management is a multifaceted strategy that uses various organic methods of pest control whenever possible, but in conventional farming could include synthetic pesticides only as a last resort.Crop diversityCrop diversity is a distinctive characteristic of organic farming. Conventional farming focuses on mass production of one crop in one location, a practice called monoculture. The science of agroecology has revealed the benefits of polyculture (multiple crops in the same space), which is often employed in organic farming. Planting a variety of vegetable crops supports a wider range of beneficial insects, soil microorganisms, and other factors that add up to overall farm health. Crop diversity helps environments thrive and protect species from going extinct.Soil managementOrganic farming relies heavily on the natural breakdown of organic matter, using techniques like green manure and composting, to replace nutrients taken from the soil by previous crops. This biological process, driven by microorganisms such as mycorrhiza, allows the natural production of nutrients in the soil throughout the growing season, and has been referred to as feeding the soil to feed the plant. Organic farming uses a variety of methods to improve soil fertility, including crop rotation, cover cropping, reduced tillage, and application of compost. By reducing tillage, soil is not inverted and exposed to air; less carbon is lost to the atmosphere resulting in more soil organic carbon. This has an added benefit of carbon sequestration which can reduce green house gases and aid in reversing climate change.Plants need nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as micronutrients and symbiotic relationships with fungi and other organisms to flourish, but getting enough nitrogen, and particularly synchronization so that plants get enough nitrogen at the right time (when plants need it most), is a challenge for organic farmers. Crop rotation and green manure ("cover crops") help to provide nitrogen through legumes (more precisely, the Fabaceae family) which fix nitrogen from the atmosphere through symbiosis with rhizobial bacteria. Intercropping, which is sometimes used for insect and disease control, can also increase soil nutrients, but the competition between the legume and the crop can be problematic and wider spacing between crop rows is required. Crop residues can be ploughed back into the soil, and different plants leave different amounts of nitrogen, potentially aiding synchronization. Organic farmers also use animal manure, certain processed fertilizers such as seed meal and various mineral powders such as rock phosphate and greensand, a naturally occurring form of potash which provides potassium. Together these methods help to control erosion. In some cases pHmay need to be amended. Natural pH amendments include lime and sulfur, but in the U.S. some compounds such as iron sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, and soluble boron products are allowed in organic farming.Mixed farms with both livestock and crops can operate as ley farms, whereby the land gathers fertility through growing nitrogen-fixing forage grasses such as white clover or alfalfa and grows cash crops or cereals when fertility is established. Farms without livestock ("stockless") may find it more difficult to maintain soil fertility, and may rely more on external inputs such as imported manure as well as grain legumes and green manures, although grain legumes may fix limited nitrogen because they are harvested. Horticultural farms growing fruits and vegetables which operate in protected conditions are often even more reliant upon external inputs.Biological research on soil and soil organisms has proven beneficial to organic farming. Varieties of bacteria and fungi break down chemicals, plant matter and animal waste into productive soil nutrients. In turn, they produce benefits of healthier yields and more productive soil for future crops. Fields with less or no manure display significantly lower yields, due to decreased soil microbe community, providing a healthier, more arable soil system.题型难度分析人名观点Matching题属于简单题型，定位非常容易。

导言2013 年雅思考试总结研究雅思最权威的方法，是研究《剑桥雅思官方指南》；研究雅思最直接的方法，是研究《雅思剑桥真题集》；而研究雅思最具时效性的方法，是基于大量样本总结分析最新的考试题目。

新东方旗下超过16000 名的教师始终站在考试第一线。

在全国各地，都有新东方教师亲自参与考试并进行研究，接触考试第一手资料，第一时间回忆总结，寻找雅思考试素材来源，分析考题规律，帮助考生把握雅思脉络，紧扣雅思出题趋势。

在未来的考试中，“知己知彼，百战不殆”。

在本部分，新东方资深培训师为考生总结了2013 年的雅思48 场考试4 个单项的各个方面，并基于真实数据为考生还原了2013 年雅思考试整体特点及考试难度，也为雅思考生2014 年的备考奠定了坚实可靠的基础。

雅思听力2013 年总结与解析王超伟伴随着12 月21 日雅思笔试的结束，2013 全年的48 次雅思考试悄然落下帷幕。

所谓“温故而知新”，在这辞旧迎新之际，有哪些经验可以分享？哪些教训可以吸取？我们在此不妨做一个全面的总结，使考生在未来的备考中少走弯路，顺利实现自己的预期目标。

本文分三大模块对2013 年的听力考题进行系统的总结与分析。

此三大模块依次为：场景，题型，机经。

一、场景篇（一）2013 年雅思听力各部分场景总结全年来看，今年的雅思听力考试在场景方面基本没有明显变化（具体统计见: 图1），以下是各部分的详细分析。

Section 1：本年度常考场景包括：旅游、租房、求职、邮局、购物和活动信息咨询等，其中旅游信息咨询占绝对优势地位，在48 次考试中共考了17 次，此外求职和租房分别考了6 次和4 次。

除了涉及场景本身的考点之外，section 1 的共同考点也非常明显。

这些核心考点为：数字，拼写，日期，电话，邮编等。

Section 1 的考试形式就是把场景本身的考点和这些共同考点有机地整合在一起从而形成本部分的10 个考题。

考生只需根据这些考点设计一个对话，就可以准确的掌握本部分语言和答案特征，并结合实际练习找到自己的失分点，从而轻松在此部分拿到高分。

最权威的国际教育服务平台
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8月29日雅思阅读考题回顾
雅思阅读考题回顾
考试日期
2009.08.29
Passage 1
Title:
MAGNET THEROPY Question
types ：
段落标题配对(6); 多项选择(2*2); 句子配对(3) 大致内容
主要讲的是磁铁在医学上的应用，从中国古代到现代，到商用。

Passage 2
Title:
哺乳动物灭绝 Question
types ：
Summary(6-7?)，人名-观点配对(3) 大致内容
11000年前的哺乳动物灭绝.3个原因，一是人类狩猎，二是致命疾病，三是气候变化。

Passage 3
Title:
CHILDREN UNDERSTANDING Question
types ：
句子填空；T/F/NG(7)；选择(3) 大致内容 关于从刚出生到几岁的小孩心理和的研究，包括理解力，
行为和幽默感 。

点评：本次考试延续了之前判断题减少，配对题增多的趋势。

文章总体难度适中，但普遍反映第一篇难度较大。

2013年8月25日托福阅读真题解析第一套题：第一篇TOPIC 某古代王国扩张及衰退古代地中海附近的一个国家，不断军事扩张，变得很繁荣。

但随着版图的扩大，周围国家的威胁（如俄国），并且后面几代君主个人能力不行，这个国家渐渐衰弱。

还介绍了他的政治制度，虽然君主一个人掌权，但后来产生了两种职位分权，一种是有一个人会对君主进行授权，另一种是很有权利的女人。

但随着这个国家经济和社会的衰退，最后一段提到了一个解决的办法，但已无法扭转。

解析：本文属历史类话题，介绍了某国家的兴亡过程。

从机经回忆来看，该古代王国应指曾盛极一时的土耳其奥斯曼帝国。

奥斯曼帝国在欧洲历史长河中扮演了非常重要的角色，很多重要的如新航路开辟等历史事件都和奥斯曼帝国的崛起有直接联系，所以也常常在托福的历史类文章中出现，大家应对其有一定了解。

Ottoman EmpireOriginsThe Ottoman state began as one of many small Turkish states that emerged in Asia Minor during the breakdown of the empire of the Seljuk Turks. The Ottoman Turks began to absorb the other states, and during the reign (1451–81) of Muhammad II they ended all other local Turkish dynasties. The early phase of Ottoman expansion took place under Osman I, Orkhan, Murad I, and Beyazid I at the expense of the Byzantine Empire, Bulgaria, and Serbia. Bursa fell in 1326 and Adrianople (the modern Edirne) in 1361; each in turn became the capital of the empire. The greatOttoman victories of Kosovo Field (1389) and Nikopol (1396) placed large parts of the Balkan Peninsula under Ottoman rule and awakened Europe to the Ottoman danger. The Ottoman siege of Constantinople was lifted at the appearance of Timur, who defeated and captured Beyazid in 1402. The Ottomans, however, soon rallied. The Period of Great ExpansionThe empire, reunited by Muhammad I, expanded victoriously under Muhammad's successors Murad II and Muhammad II. The victory (1444) at Varna over a crusading army led by Ladislaus III of Poland was followed in 1453 by the capture of Constantinople. Within a century the Ottomans had changed from a nomadic horde to the heirs of the most ancient surviving empire of Europe. Their success was due partly to the weakness and disunity of their adversaries, partly to their excellent and far superior military organization. Their army comprised numerous Christians—not only conscripts, who were organized as the corps of Janissaries, but also volunteers. Turkish expansion reached its peak in the 16th cent. under Selim I and Sulayman I (Sulayman the Magnificent).The Hungarian defeat (1526) at Mohács prepared the way for the capture (1541) of Buda and the absorption of the major part of Hungary by the Ottoman Empire; Transylvania became a tributary principality, as did Walachia and Moldavia. The Asian borders of the empire were pushed deep into Persia and Arabia. Selim I defeated the Mamluks of Egypt and Syria, took Cairo in 1517, and assumed the succession to the caliphate. Algiers was taken in 1518, and Mediterranean commerce was threatened by corsairs, such as Barbarossa, who sailed under Turkishauspices. Most of the Venetian and other Latin possessions in Greece also fell to the sultans.During the reign of Sulayman I began (1535) the traditional friendship between France and Turkey, directed against Hapsburg Austria and Spain. Sulayman reorganized the Turkish judicial system, and his reign saw the flowering of Turkish literature, art, and architecture. In practice the prerogatives of the sultan were limited by the spirit of Muslim canonical law (sharia), and he usually shared his authority with the chief preserver ( sheyhülislam ) of the sharia and with the grand vizier (chief executive officer).In the progressive decay that followed Sulayman's death, the clergy ( ulema ) and the Janissaries gained power and exercised a profound, corrupting influence. The first serious blow by Europe to the empire was the naval defeat of Lepanto (1571; see Lepanto, battle of), inflicted on the fleet of Selim II by the Spanish and Venetians under John of Austria. However, Murad IV in the 17th cent. temporarily restored Turkish military prestige by his victory (1638) over Persia. Crete was conquered from Venice, and in 1683 a huge Turkish army under Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa surrounded Vienna. The relief of Vienna by John III of Poland and the subsequent campaigns of Charles V of Lorraine, Louis of Baden, and Eugene of Savoy ended in negotiations in 1699 (see Karlowitz, Treaty of), which cost Turkey Hungary and other territories.DeclineThe breakup of the state gained impetus with the Russo-Turkish Wars in the 18thcent. Egypt was only temporarily lost to Napoleon's army, but the Greek War of Independence and its sequels, the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29 (see Adrianople, Treaty of), and the war with Muhammad Ali of Egypt resulted in the loss of Greece and Egypt, the protectorate of Russia over Moldavia and Walachia, and the semi-independence of Serbia. Drastic reforms were introduced in the late 18th and early 19th cent. by Selim III and Mahmud II, but they came too late. By the 19th cent. Turkey was known as the Sick Man of Europe.Through a series of treaties of capitulation from the 16th to the 18th cent. the Ottoman Empire gradually lost its economic independence. Although Turkey was theoretically among the victors in the Crimean War, it emerged from the war economically exhausted. The Congress of Paris (1856) recognized the independence and integrity of the Ottoman Empire, but this event marked the confirmation of the empire's dependency rather than of its rights as a European power.The rebellion (1875) of Bosnia and Herzegovina precipitated the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, in which Turkey was defeated despite its surprisingly vigorous stand. Romania (i.e., Walachia and Moldavia), Serbia, and Montenegro were declared fully independent, and Bosnia and Herzegovina passed under Austrian administration. Bulgaria, made a virtually independent principality, annexed (1885) Eastern Rumelia with impunity.Sultan Abd al-Majid, who in 1839 issued a decree containing an important body of civil reforms, was followed (1861) by Abd al-Aziz, whose reign witnessed the rise ofthe liberal party. Its leader, Midhat Pasha, succeeded in deposing (1876) Abd al-Aziz. Abd al-Hamid II acceded (1876) after the brief reign of Murad V. A liberal constitution was framed by Midhat, and the first Turkish parliament opened in 1877, but the sultan soon dismissed it and began a rule of personal despotism. The Armenian massacres (see Armenia) of the late 19th cent. turned world public opinion against Turkey. Abd al-Hamid was victorious in the Greco-Turkish war of 1897, but Crete, which had been the issue, was ultimately gained by Greece. CollapseIn 1908 the Young Turk movement, a reformist and strongly nationalist group, with many adherents in the army, forced the restoration of the constitution of 1876, and in 1909 the parliament deposed the sultan and put Muhammad V on the throne. In the two successive Balkan Wars (1912–13), Turkey lost nearly its entire territory in Europe to Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and newly independent Albania. The nationalism of the Young Turks, whose leader Enver Pasha gained virtual dictatorial power by a coup in 1913, antagonized the remaining minorities in the empire. The outbreak of World War I found Turkey lined up with the Central Powers. Although Turkish troops succeeded against the Allies in the Gallipoli campaign (1915), Arabia rose against Turkish rule, and British forces occupied (1917) Baghdad and Jerusalem. Armenians, accused of aiding the Russians, were massacred and deported from Anatolia beginning in 1915; an Armenian uprising in Van (1915) survived until relieved by Russian forces. In 1918, Turkish resistance collapsed in Asia and Europe. An armistice was concluded in October, and the Ottoman Empirecame to an end. The Trea ty of Sèvres (see Sèvres, Treaty of) confirmed its dissolution. With the victory of the Turkish nationalists, who had refused to accept the peace terms and overthrew the sultan in 1922, modern Turkey's history began. 第二篇TOPIC 基因的意外发现科学家做实验室为某种目的，但往往会有意外地发现。

2013年雅思写作真题汇总2013.01.05Task 1: 饼状图Task 2: Some people spend more time reading books, while others prefer to watch TV.The former group are more likely to develop creative imaginations and have a much better grasp of language skills. Do you agree or disagree?2013.01.10Task 1；曲线图Task 2：It is said that work is the most important thing of people's life. Without the success of career, life will become meaningless. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the opinion?2013.01.12Task 1: 柱状图Task 2: In some countries, the parents expect children to spend long time in studying both in and after school and have less free time. Do you think it has positive or negative effects on children and the society?2013.01.19Task 1; 饼状图Task 2: In modern society, fatherhood should be emphasized as much as motherhood. Do you agree or disagree?2013.02.02Task 1: 柱状图Task 2: Some people say watching television is bad for Children in all ways, others say it is good for children to get knowledge.2013.02.14Task 1：地图题Task 2：Some people think young people should be free to choose his or her job，but other people think they should be realistic and think more about their future. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.2013.02.16Task 1：柱状图Task 2：Some people think all lawbreakers should be taken in to prison, others believe that there are better alternatives, (for example, being work to do which is beneficial for local community). Discuss both views and give your own opinion.2013.02.23Task 1: 流程图Task 2：Not enough students choose science subjects in university in many countries. What's the reasons for this problem? What's the effects to the society?2013.03.02Task 1：柱状图Task 2：Universities and colleges are now offering qualifications through distance learning from the Internet rather than teachers in the classroom. Do you think the advantages of this development overweight the disadavantages?2013.03.09Task 1：柱状图Task 2：Some think that people should go to college or university to prepare for a successful career. Others believe that they should get a job immediately after they leave school to get more work experience. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.2013.03.14Task 1：表格Task 2：It is more important for a building to serve a purpose than to look beautiful. Architects shouldn’t worry about producing building as a work of art. Do you agree or disagree ?2013.03.23Task 1: 曲线图Task 2: Scientific progress influences our daily life greatly. Do you think this is a positive or negative development?2013.04.06Task 1: 曲线图Task 2: 100 years ago, human race believed we would make continue progress in all areas of life. Today, some people feel less certain about this. what areas of progress human race has made? What else areas we haven't developed?2013.04.13Task 1: 柱状图Task 2: As countries develope, their populations tend to live individually or in a small family units. In your opinion, what is this cause and what are the effects on society.2013.04.18Task 1: 柱状图+表格图Task 2：Some people think that it is acceptable to use animals in medical research for the benefit of human beings, while other people argue that it is wrong.2013.04.27Task 1：地图题Task 2：Some people think that older schoolchildren should learn wide range subjects and developknowledge, other people think that they should only learn a small number of subjects in details.2013.05.11Task 1：曲线图Task 2: Today, the qualities of life of people in big cities are worse. What are the causes of this problem? Any measures should be taken to solve it?2013.05.16Task 1: 表格Task 2: People nowadays are surrounded by all kinds of advertising. Advertising affects what people think is important and sometimes has a negative influence on people’s lives. o what extent do you agree or disagree?2013.05.18Task 1: 地图题Task 2: Some people think all children learn history in school is important; some others think learning subjects more relevant to life is important. Discuss both views and give your opinion.2013.05.25Task 1: 柱状图+表格Task 2: Some people think government should not spend money on supporting artists and money should be spent on more important things. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2013.06.06Task 1: 饼状图Task 2: It is a government’s responsibility to provide financial sup port to old people after they retire or individuals should save money for themselves.Discuss both views and give your own opinion2013.06.08Task 1: 两个饼状图+一个柱状图Task 2: Nowadays people are encouraged to buy more and more consumer products. Some people think it is good for the economy.However,others think it does great harm to the whole society. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.2013.06.15Task 1: 柱状图Task 2: Some people think that parents have a great influence on their children, others believe that the media is a bigger influence。

2013年8月29日雅思写作机经解析下载(TASK1)。

下面为大家总结了2013年8月29日雅思写作机经的相关回忆，主要是TASK1部分的内容，供同学们进行下载参考。

2013年8月29日雅思写作机经回忆解析,同时给出了雅思作文写作思路，同学们可适当进行了解，雅思写作机经也是备考雅思听力的优选资料。

点击下载2013年8月29日雅思写作机经解析
2013年8月29日雅思写作机经解析TASK1
2013年8月29日雅思写作题目：
2013年8月29日雅思写作思路：
本题属于小作文中的曲线图。

考生首先需交代清楚共三个曲线图。

纵轴表示进(出)口量/十亿吨，横轴表示年份(2004-2008)。

每个曲线图中分别有两条曲线，实线表示出口，虚线表示进口。

考生首先要描述中国进出口变化趋势，包括起点(2004年)进出口量，终点(2008年)进出口量，在这一时间段内两个量的变化情况，以及两条线交叉时的情况。

同上再分别描述第二和第三个图。

最后综合三个图比较三个国家进出口情况。

以上就是小编为大家整理的“2013年8月29日雅思写作机经解析下载(TASK1)”部分内容，更多资料请点击雅思资料下载频道!。

2013年4月18日雅思阅读考试回忆刘美超老师简介：环球雅思教研主管。

中国石油大学英语专业科班出身，持有专业英语八级证书、教师资格证书。

“三维一体”听力教学，集场景教学、做题技巧与应试策略于一体；授课亲切自然，实力与技巧完美结合。

深谙雅思各级学员状况，量体裁衣，为学生提供无间隙性服务！使用说明：本文系环球雅思教研主管刘美超老师征集，环球雅思学校赵晨老师撰写的原创文章。

赵晨老师主讲雅思阅读，写作，英语翻译硕士，专业八级，专业笔译口译。

完整版回忆可直接去环球雅思论坛进行下载。

阅读： 2篇旧题第一篇：斯里兰卡水箱Q1-6: Summary 填空题 ( NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS)1. What is the major way for local people make b arely a support of living in Muthukandiya village?Crop production B段第三行2. Where can adult workers make extra money from in daytime?Sugar-cane plantations3. What have been dug to supply water for daily household life?Three wells4. In which year did the plan of a new project to lessen the effect ofdrought begin?19985. Where do the gutters and pipes collect rainwater from?roofs of houses6. What help family obtain more water for domestic needs than those relying on only wells and ponds?Storage tanksQ7-14: YES/NO/NOT GIVEN7. NGMost of the government’s actions and other programs have somewhat f ailed.8. YESMasons w ere trained for the constructing parts of the rainwater harvesting system.9. NOThe cost of rainwater harvesting systems was shared by local villagersand the local government.10. YESTanks increase both the amount and quality of the water for domestic use.11. NOTo send her daughter to school, a widow had to work for a job in rainwater harvesting scheme.12. NOT GIVENHouseholds benefited began to pay part of the maintenance or repairs.13. NOT GIVENTraining two masons at the same time is much more preferable to training single one.14. NOOther organizations had built tanks larger in size than the tanks builtin Muthukandya.第二篇：化学发展史1-6: Information Containing:1. The development of various scientific methods D2. A reference of personal connection between different sciences B3. Explain the limitation of chemical equipment at that time D4. Applicable devices invented within chemistry E5. History of great leaping development of chemist F6. The unstable political situation of different countries A7-13: Summary:Chemistry rely on __________, just as ____rely on eyes, and _______need devices such as _________ in early chemistry, chemists used differentnumber of ________ to control temperature of the fires. Although _____was known in classic Greece and it seems to have been invented and made inVenice or northern Italy about 1289. _____________ was put in the thermometer which made chemistry further development.7. Tools8. Astronomy9. Burning glass10. Physics11. Candles12. Pendulum13. Alcohol/mercury thermometer环球雅思学校刘美超微博名：YS美超环球雅思学校教研中心微博名：环球雅思教研中心。

2013英语专八真题参考答案解析(整理自网络)阅读理解11.the appearance of advertisement in newspaper.12.more people are involved in finding, discussing and distributing news13.planning the return to coffee-house news.14.optimistic and cautious15.the participator nature of news.阅读理解第二篇16. regret17. more resturants to choose from18. can be happy if they want19. its implications for life20. thoughtfulness阅读理解第三篇21. Geographic location22. the government’s determination23. denmark’s energy-saving success offers the world a useful model24. the country’s previous experience of oil shortage25. energy saving cannot go together with economic growth.阅读第四篇26. shops try all kinds of means to please customers27. over-friendly28. customers have got a sense of superiority29. keep asking for more discounts30. the practice of frugality is of great importance人文知识31. 澳大利亚的全称是：the commonwealth of Austrilia32. 加拿大以什么著称，除了什么以外（矿产、森林、肥沃的土地）。