专升本(管理学)模拟试卷14

管理学考前密押试卷（一）一、单项选择题(每小题2分，共60分)在每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，并将其代码写在题干后面的括号内。

不选、错选或多选者，该题无分。

1.管理的目的是( )A.获得信息B.协调多种关系C.寻求市场机会D.实现组织目标2.管理人员一般需要具备多种技能。

关于高层人员的技能，按其重要程度从低到高排序，正确的是( )A.人际技能、概念技能、技术技能B.技术技能、人际技能、概念技能C.概念技能、人际技能、技术技能D.概念技能、技术技能、人际技能3.1961年《管理理论丛林》的发表，标志着现代管理理论的形成，其作者是( )A.巴纳德B.西蒙C.孔茨D.德鲁克4.管理应随机而变，不存在普遍适用的最好的技术和方法，该观点属于( )A.权变学派B.经验学派C.社会系统学派D.管理科学学派5.上级管理人员把一般的日常事务授权给下级管理人员去处理，而自己只保留对例外事项的决策和监督权，这是泰罗所提倡的( )A.职能工长制B.工作定额原理C.例外原则D.心理革命6.机床加工车间刚刚换了车床，新车床比原车床工作效率可提高20%，车间技术组提出：是否应该提高其工时定额？车工不同意，理由是：对新车床还不熟悉，很难达到额定效率。

车间主任和副主任商量出以下四种解决方案，请你选择一项最合理的解决办法( )A.由全体车工开会讨论，决定新车床的工作定额B.由车间主任决定，是否采取新定额，定额是多少C.由车间的职工代表开会讨论，决定新车床定额D.报工厂劳动科，由他们会同设备科，经过严格的测评来确定新车床的工作定额7.组织中的高层管理者主要负责( )A.日常程序决策B.长远全局性决策C.局部程序性决策D.短期操作性决策8.企业某产品本期实际销售量为300件，本期预测销售量为300件，若平滑指数为0.6，那么下期预测销售量为( )A.280件B.300件C.310件D.320件9.某家电生产企业原是以生产销售大家电而成为名牌的,后开始进入小家电领域。

专升本管理学模拟试题（附答案）一、单选题（共100题，每题1分，共100分）1、在组织与环境的关系中，“大学”属于（）A、简单动态环境B、复杂动态环境C、简单稳定环境D、复杂稳定环境正确答案：D2、下列属于一体化战略的是（）A、战略联盟B、横向一体化C、产品开发D、市场渗透正确答案：B3、哈药六厂通过加大广告宣传来提高现有产品市场份额的做法属于( )A、产品开发B、一体化C、市场渗透D、市场开发正确答案：C4、亨利·法约尔指出，任何企业都存在着六种基本活动，管理只是其中一种，下列不属于这六种基本活动的是（）A、调研活动B、财务活动C、商业活动D、安全活动正确答案：A5、法约尔认为企业六种基本活动中最重要的活动是（）A、会计B、管理C、商业D、财务正确答案：B6、王小明在新的学期准备制定这学年要成为年级第一的学习计划，他的计划属于（）A、短期计划B、指导性计划C、长期计划D、战术计划正确答案：A7、某培训学校将培训业务从大学生的英语培训扩张到出国人员以及中小学生的英语培训。

该学校的做法属于（）战略A、市场渗透B、横向多元化C、混合多元化D、相关多元化正确答案：D8、泰勒的科学管理理论是建立在对人的哪种假设之上（）A、复杂人B、社会人C、自我实现的人D、经济人正确答案：D9、一个国家的财政税收政策发生了变革，意味着该国的企业组织所面临的（）发生了变化A、任务环境B、特殊环境C、一般环境D、内部环境正确答案：C10、管理者通过密切关注组织自身状况以及外部环境的变化，通过接触下属、利用个人关系网等方式来获取信息。

这个过程中管理者扮演的角色是（）A、监督者B、领导者C、联络者D、企业家正确答案：A11、企业在销售产品时，需要预估货款回收的可能性。

为此，信用审核部门力图以一种低成本的方式处理有关客户资信的材料，但因为过程速度太慢，使许多客户另求他处购货。

该项信用审核工作可以说是（）A、轻效率性、重有效性B、重效果、轻效率C、重效率、轻效果D、效率和效果都不重视正确答案：B12、随着主管人员由低到高的升迁过程，其工作性质也逐渐变得（）A、具体战略性很强B、具体技术性很强C、模糊技术性很强D、抽象战略性很强正确答案：D13、在一次年会上，某公司制定了一系列目标：产品质量要比去年提高；成本要比去年低；人员素质要有较大改善；市场占有率要达到第一；要努力开发出比竞争对手更好的新产品等。

专升本（管理学）模拟试卷14(总分118,考试时间90分钟)1. 单项选择题1. 2003年5月，SARS疫情还未解除时，我国政府颁布了《突发公共卫生事件应急条例》，这对以后的公共卫生事件管理来说，属于( )A. 事前控制B. 事后控制C. 事中控制D. 直接控制2. 企业通过将现有产品或服务打人新的区域市场，这种战略被称为( )A. 市场渗透战略B. 市场开发战略C. 产品开发战略D. 多元化战略3. 麦格雷戈的代表作是( )A. 《企业的人事方面》B. 《个性与组织》C. 《激励与个人》D. 《工作与人性》4. 组织文化的特征不包括( )A. 超个体的独特性B. 不稳定性C. 融合继承性D. 发展性5. 人力资源的需求量主要是根据职务的( )来确定。

A. 数量B. 类型C. 数量和类型D. 高低6. 市场经济中要提倡“以义治商”和“以义取利”，这里的“义”指的是( )A. 义气B. 法律C. 和气D. 伦理道德7. 根据成就需要理论，人们渴望友谊、回避冲突的需要属于( )A. 生理需要B. 成就需要C. 权力需要D. 归属需要8. 小张工作积极性很高但能力有限，最适合的领导方式是( )A. 命令型B. 推销型C. 参与型D. 授权型9. 在企业中，财务主管与财会人员之间的职权关系是( )A. 直线职权关系B. 参谋职权关系C. 既是直线职权关系又是参谋职权关系D. 都不是10. 在经营单位组合分析法中，具有较高业务增长率和较高市场占有率的经营单位是( )A. 金牛B. 明星C. 幼童D. 瘦狗11. 下列哪项可以让组织各级主管人员全面了解整个组织的不同工作内容，从而得到各种不同的经验，为其今后在较高层次上任职打下基础( )A. 理论培训B. 提升C. 职务轮换D. 辅导12. 如果一个人遵守自己选择的道德准则，即使这些准则违背了法律，这说明他正处于道德发展的( )A. 前惯例层次B. 惯例层次C. 原则层次D. 前原则层次13. 在工业化后期，企业的价值观是( )A. 企业利润最大化兼顾员工利益B. 追求企业相关利益者价值最大化C. 股东利润最大化D. 增进社会福利14. “人们从事工作，会有各种各样的动机，而每个人的动机又各不相同。

专升本管理学模拟题+参考答案一、单选题（共100题，每题1分，共100分）1、由于我国干部人事制度的变革，从而影响到组织管理工作，这种环境属于（）A、经济环境B、社会文化环境C、技术环境D、政治和法律环境正确答案：D2、为满足特定情况需要．对非程序性决策作出反应而制定的计划是（）A、一次性计划B、具体计划C、短期计划D、方向性计划正确答案：D3、法约尔提出的组织中平级间的横向沟通称为（）A、秩序原则B、跳板原则C、协商原则D、等级原则正确答案：B4、实行参与式管理的计划形成方法是（）A、由各层领导共同制定计划B、从下往上的形成方法C、由专门计划人员制定计划D、从上往下形成的方法正确答案：B5、如果要对事物发展变化的未来趋势作出描述，例如对五年后技术变革方向进行预测，通常采用( )的方法A、定性预测B、定量预测C、市场预测D、经济形势预测正确答案：A6、下列几项活动中，哪一项不属于管理活动（）A、企业的总会计师对财务部门进行检查B、部队中的班长与战士谈心C、医院的外科主任主持会诊D、钢琴师制定自己的练习计划正确答案：D7、1961年《管理理论丛林》的发表，标志着现代管理理论的形成，其作者是（）A、西蒙B、德鲁克C、巴纳德D、孔茨正确答案：D8、一些社会习惯和整个社会所持有的价值观以及为人们所普遍接受和实际实行的行为准则等，指的是哪种环境（）A、经济环境B、社会文化环境C、全球化环境D、政治和法律环境正确答案：B9、戴明和朱兰对（）的发展作出了贡献。

A、目标管理B、复合型管理C、重组管理D、全面质量管理正确答案：D10、下列不属于企业对顾客的责任体现的是（）A、提供安全的产品B、提供正确的产品信息C、要以“绿色产品”为研究和开发的主要对象D、赋予顾客自主选择的权利正确答案：C11、孔茨和韦里克将计划分为 8层，①使命；②规则；③政策；④方案，按照从抽象到具体的排列顺序是（）A、②③④①B、②①④③C、①②③④D、①③②④正确答案：D12、俗语说：“要想公道，打个颠倒。

2024年广东省专升本考试管理学模拟试题一、单选题1、在影响有效沟通障碍的因素中，地位差别、信息传递链、团体规模、空间约束属于______ A．结构因素B．个人因素C．人际因素D．技术因素2、某电脑生产厂商针对女性顾客开发了一款色彩鲜艳、体积小的笔记本电脑。

这种战略在理论上被称为（）（A）差异化战略（B）市场细分化战略（C）市场渗透战略（D）集中化战略3、管理的“维持职能”包括______A．组织、领导、创新B．组织、控制、创新C．计划、领导、控制D．组织、领导、控制4、“牵牛要牵牛鼻子”体现了控制的______原则。

A.直接控制B.控制趋势C.例外D.控制关键点5、越是处于高层的管理者，其对于概念技能、人际技能、技术技能的需要，就越是按以下顺序排列______A．概念技能，技术技能，人际技能B．技术技能，概念技能，人际技能C．概念技能，人际技能，技术技能D．人际技能，技术技能，概念技能6、属于外部招聘优势的是______A．有利于平息并缓和内部竞争者之间的紧张关系B．有利于对被聘者深入了解C．有利于被聘者迅速展开工作D．有利于调动员工的工作积极性7、作为资源分配者，管理者所扮演的是（）（A）人际关系角色（B）信息角色（C）决策角色（D）代表人角色8、企业的赊销收入净额和平均应收账款余额的比率是______A.库存周转率B.应收账款周转率C.市场占有率D.酸性测试比率9、组织变革的原因来自于（）（A）社会进步和科技进步（B）组织成员的更迭（C）组织目标的调整（D）外部环境和内部环境10、根据期望理论，要达到使工作的分配出现所希望的激励效果，一项工作最好授予______A．能力远远高于任务要求的人B．能力远远低于任务要求的人C．能力略高于任务要求的人D．能力略低于任务要求的人11、开创了对决策的跨文化比较研究的学者是（）（A）伯利.卡塔尔（B）杰伊.洛西（C）赫伯特.A.西蒙（D）威廉.大内12、质量管理的发展阶段不包括______A．质量检查阶段B．统计质量管理阶段C．全面质量管理阶段D．质量管理国际化阶段13、从创新与环境的关系分析，创新可分为______A．局部创新和整体创新B．消极防御型创新和积极攻击型创新C．自发创新和有组织的创新D．系统初建期的创新和运行中的创新14、通过共同行为范式，实现组织成员的自我控制，自我约束，团体控制方式的基础是______A.组织文化B.组织结构C.组织层级D.组织设计15、由美国管理学家彼得.德鲁克创立的，被称为“管理中的管理”的是（）（A）质量管理（B）人力资源管理（C）目标管理（D）作业管理16、俗语说：“要想公道，打个颠倒。

河南专升本《管理学》模拟试题及答案（2016—6）一、单项选择题1. “有心杀贼，无力回天，死得其所，快哉快哉！”这是谭嗣同在刑场就义前喊出的这句话，表现出他在为追求自己的（）而奋斗的气概。

A.安全需要B.社交需要C.尊重需要D.自我实现需要2．Z为人员组合的综合效应，X、Y分别为个体，则低效效应组合为（）A.Z>X+YB. Z=X+YC. Z<X+YD. Z=XY 3．科龙、海尔、新飞这三家厂商，有的生产冰箱、空调产品，有的是专门的冰箱制造商，它们在制冷技术领域中你追我赶不断创新。

对于它们中任一厂商来讲，其他两个对手可构成（）A.任务环境/竞争者B.一般环境/竞争者C.任务环境/供应者D.一般环境/供应者4. 根据明茨伯格的“十角色理论”，管理者在人际关系方面主要扮演（）角色。

A. 监听者B. 传播者C. 联络者D. 发言人5. 企业通过加强市场营销，提高现有产品或服务在现有市场上的市场份额，这是（）战略。

A. 市场开发B. 产品开发C.市场渗透D. 成本领先6. 乐观决策原则的理论基础是（）。

A. 假定未来状态中的最有利情况必然发生B. 假定未来状态中的最不利情况必然发生C. 假定未来状态中的最有利情况肯定不发生D. 假定未来状态中的各种情况以同等可能发生7. 要明确企业计划的外部条件，关键是（）。

A. 定量预测B. 定性预测C. 环境预测D. 销售预测8. 考察一个组织分权程度的关键在于（）。

A. 按地域设立部门B. 按职能设立部门C. 按顾客设立部门D. 决策权或命令权是保留还是下放9. 某企业在成立之时根据业务活动的相似性设立了生产、营销、财力等各个管理部门，近年来，随着企业的发展壮大，产品由原来的单一品种发展出三个大的品种，它们的制造工艺和用户特点有很大不同，因此各个部门的主管都感觉到管理上有诸多不便。

在这种情况下，企业应当进行如下组织结构调整。

（）A. 按职能标准划分部门B. 按产品划分部门C. 按地区划分部门D. 设立矩阵组织10. 下列不属于组织结构特性的是（）。

2022-2023学年湖北省宜昌市统招专升本管理学自考模拟考试(含答案) 学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、单选题(20题)1.最早提出组织生命周期理论的是（）A.葛瑞纳B.奎因C.卡梅隆D.佩罗2.开创了对决策的跨文化比较研究的学者是（）A.伯利·卡塔尔B.杰伊·洛西C.赫伯特·A.西蒙D.威廉·大内3.当组织中某主管由于出差、生病、休假等原因而使某个职务在一定时期内空缺时，可让受训者暂时担任这项工作，这属于（）A.工作轮换B.设置助理职务C.彼得现象D.临时职务4.以质量求生存，以品种求发展，以服务求信誉的说法体现了哪种竞争战略的思想（）A.成本领先B.差异化C.集中D.多元化5.下列关于财务计划、人事计划和业务计划表述不正确的是（）A.财务计划与人事计划是为业务计划服务的B.财务计划研究如何从资本的提供和利用上促进业务活动的有效进行C.人事计划分析如何为业务规模的维持或扩大提供人力资源的保证D.财务计划和业务计划是围绕人事计划展开的6.无论是竞争胜利还是竞争失败，组织冲突都会存在两种截然不同的结果，分别是（）A.建设性冲突和破坏性冲突B.正式组织与非正式组织之间的冲突C.直线与参谋之间的冲突D.委员会成员之间的冲突7.梅奥等人通过霍桑试验得出结论：人们的生产效率不仅受到物理的、生理的因素的影响，而且还受到社会环境、社会心理因素的影响。

由此创立了（）A.行为科学学说B.人文关系学说C.人际关系学说D.人事管理学说8.下列哪项不是管理人员招聘的一般要求（）A.良好的身体素质B.勇于创新的精神C.管理的愿望D.较高的决策能力9.下列沟通方式中，哪一种方式最有利于分权?（）A.链式沟通B.全通道式沟通C.轮式沟通D.环式沟通10.为了防止彼得现象的产生，组织培训管理人员可以选择的最佳方法是（）A.工作轮换B.离职培训C.设置助理职务D.设立代理职务11.按照功能划分，沟通可以分为（）A.单向沟通和双向沟通B.个体间沟通和群体间沟通C.工具式沟通和感情式沟通D.正式沟通和非正式沟通12.提出收益共享方案的是（）A.亨利·汤B.哈尔西C.丹尼尔·麦卡勒姆D.查尔斯·巴贝奇13.履行社会责任是企业义不容辞的责任与义务，以下不属于企业社会责任的是（）A.治理企业污染B.对员工进行培训C.为消费者提供售后服务D.研发新产品14.工作丰富化的理论基础是（）A.需要层次理论B.双因素理论C.期望理论D.公平理论15.能够避免集体讨论存在的屈从于权威或盲目服从多数缺陷的决策方法是（）A.名义小组技术法B.头脑风暴法C.德尔菲法D.哥顿法16.管理层次产生的主要原因是（）A.职能分工的要求B.部门划分的需要C.权责明确的需要D.管理宽度的限制17.下列属于激励过程理论的是（）A.需要层次理论B.公平理论C.双因素理论D.成就需要理论18.适度控制是指控制的范围、程度和频度要恰到好处。

管理学专升本模拟试题一、单项选择题1.在现代社会，经济活动主要是以__________为单位进行的。

A 企业(正确答案)B 部门C 团队D 行业2.下列关于霍夫斯泰德的文化维度的说法中，正确的是_________。

A “男性化或女性化”指标表示的是所谓的“男子气概”价值观在社会中占统治地位的程度。

一般来说，一个社会对“男子气概”的评价愈高，其对生活质量的追求要超过对生活数量的追求B 中国大陆是一个低不确定性规避的社会(正确答案)C 美国是一个长期导向的国家D文化原型表示的是每一个或者任何一个文化群体的单独个体，而不是仅仅表示一个国家或地区的平均状态3.下列不属于现代企业制度基本特征的是_________。

A 产权关系模糊(正确答案)B 企业以其全部法人财产，依法自主经营、自负盈亏C 出资者按其投入企业的资本额享有所有者的权益D 企业实行权责分明、管理科学、激励和约束相结合的内部管理体制5.信息反馈需要满足的要求不包括下列________。

A 反馈信息真实、准确B 信息传递迅速、及时C 信息理解一致、准确(正确答案)D 控制措施适当、有效6.__________职能本身并没有某种特有的表现形式，总是在与其他管理职能的结合中表现自身的存在与价值。

A 创新(正确答案)B 组织C 领导D 控制7.企业进行经济活动有一定的活动背景，下列不属于此活动背景的是__________。

A 企业活动所需借助的资源是稀缺的B 企业内部活动的成果需要到外部去实现C 企业外部活动的成果需要到内部去实现(正确答案)D 企业产品的制造过程是生产者的联合劳动过程8.为了成为有效的全球化管理者，必须具备一些关键的知识与能力，以下不属于这些知识与能力的是__________。

A 文化适应能力B 观察能力(正确答案)C 创新能力D 国际商务知识9.管理者在组织管理活动的实践中必须依循的基本规律不包括__________。

A 人本原理B 系统原理C 效益原理D 权变原理(正确答案)10.“管理就是决策”是著名管理学家_________给管理所下的定义。

2021年专升本培训模拟试卷十四Part Ⅰ. Vocabulary and Structure (1×40 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence，and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. It is essential that all the facts ______ first.A. can be examinedB. will be examinedC. has been examinedD. be examined2. I have invited my boyfriend to lunch, and it’s too late to ______ him ______.A. put; awayB. put; offC. put; outD. put; in3. I disagreed fundamentally with what the sign ______.A. stood byB. stood outC. stood upD. stood for4. The authorities of this station see unemployment as their ______ priority.A. standing aloneB. on the grounds thatC. number oneD. at first sight5. If the machine had been cheaper, it might well have ______.A. caught up withB. caught up onC. caught onD. caught out6. The news ______ the radio announced surprised everybody.A. whatB. thatC. in whichD. where7. She may come with us ______ that she arrives in time.A. henceB. otherwiseC. soD. provided8. Bob is the student ______ I think won first in the English Speaking Contest.A. whomB. whoseC. whoD. which9. ______ only three bodies have been discovered.A. By farB. So farC. As far asD. Far from10. If I didn’t ______ them ______ I should probably forget all about them.A. wrote; downB. write; downC. write; forD. written; about11. Children should be taught how to get along with ______.A. anotherB. otherC. othersD. any other12. In the geography lesson, the teacher told the children that the earth ______ round like a ball.A. wasB. isC. wereD. had been13. It was difficult for him to buy good shoes because he had such a big ______ of feet.A. pairB. sizeC. coupleD. number14. They are not aware of the reasons ______ people are unwilling to discuss insurance.A. whenB. whereC. whyD. how15. —I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.—______. It was her fault.A. No wayB. Not possibleC. No chanceD. Not at all16. You must take ______ for granted that I will help you.A. thatB. itC. thisD. its17. I don’t know how to play bridge(桥牌) and ______.A. my wife doesn’t neitherB. my wife does eitherC. neither does my wifeD. neither my wife does18. His handwriting is ______ yours.A. more betterB. as well asC. much better thanD. as better as19. It is a ______ ride from his home to the shopping center.A. ninety-milesB. ninety-mile’sC. ninety milesD. ninety-mile20. When a fire ______ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.A. broke offB. broke outC. broke downD. broke up21. A knock at the door ______ his train of thought.A. disturbedB. annoyedC. botheredD. troubled22. It is suggested that he ______ earlier than usual to catch the early bus.A. must leaveB. leaveC. will leaveD. leaves23. By the time you get to Greenwich you ______ the most historic parts of London.A. will be seeingB. will seeC. are going to seeD. will have seen24. He offered to ______ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.A. lendB. loanC. helpD. lease25. The hall is still in good condition, ______ that it was built almost 600 years ago.A. to considerB. having consideredC. consideringD. we considered26. The workers always start work early ______ they can finish their work before night sets in.A. in orderB. untilC. in thatD. so that27. ______ of the professors presented was invited to state his views on environmental protection.A. Each oneB. EachC. Every oneD. Every28. Even politicians have a struggle to ______ the changes in public opinion.A. do away withB. get on withC. keep up withD. come up with29. I usually select the most difficult job for myself because I find that the more a job challenges me, ______.A. the most I like itB. I like it the moreC. the more I like itD. I like it the most30. Sometimes we are asked ______ we think the likely result of an action will be.A. thatB. themC. theyD. what31. A typhoon swept across this area with heavy rains and winds ______ strong as 113 miles per hour.A. tooB. veryC. soD. as32. I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To ______ else, it was hard to make out.A. noneB. everyoneC. someoneD. anyone33. One advantage of playing the guitar is ______ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.A. howB. whyC. thatD. when34. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ______ his teammates had done.A. whatB. whichC. whyD. while35. You can see the stars on a clear night, but in the daytime they are ______.A. unavoidableB. invisibleC. inaccessibleD. unavailable36. When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main ______ was the fear of water.A. evidenceB. crisisC. obstacleD. danger37. I hope I will not be called on in class as I’m not yet ______ prepared.A. attentivelyB. readilyC. activelyD. adequately38. Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?A. look aroundB. look intoC. look upD. look through39. —Is Mr. Fan there? There is something I really need to talk to him about.—No, he is out. ______?A. What’s thatB. What do you want to sayC. Can I take a message for himD. Can you trust me40. —Do you like traveling?—Sure, I ______ to Australia six months ago, but I ______ anywhere since then.A. went; didn’t goB. have gone; haven’t goneC. went; haven’t goneD. went; hadn’t gonePart Ⅱ. Cloze (1×20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, sometimes without realizing it. Most Americans (41) out of the country and have very (42) experience with foreigners. But they are usually spontaneous (朴实的), friendly and open, and enjoy (43) new people, having guests and bringing people together formally or informally. They tend to use first names (44) most situations and speak freely (45) themselves. So if your American hosts do something that (46) you uncomfortable, try to let them know (47) you feel. Most people will (48) your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again. And you’ll (49) something about another culture!Many travelers find (50) easier to meet people in the U.S. (51) in other countries. They may just come (52) and introduce themselves or even invite you over (53) they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to be (54). Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just (55) a good time. Just like anywhere else, it (56) time to become real friends (57) people in the U. S.If and (58) you stay with American friends, they will probably (59) introducing you to their friends and family, and if they seem proud (60) you, it’s probablybecause they are. Relax and enjoy it!41. A. have never been B. have been neverC. has never beenD. has been never42. A. a little B. littleC. muchD. a great deal43. A. meet B. to meetC. meetingD. to have met44. A. on B. among C. under D. in45. A. of B. on C. in D. about46. A. make B. makes C. made D. making47. A. how B. why C. when D. where48. A. praise B. judge C. appreciate D. believe49. A. research B. learn C. inquire D. study50. A. it B. this C. them D. that51. A. where B. when C. than D. why52. A. on B. by C. off D. up53. A. when B. before C. though D. if54. A. superficially friend B. superficial friendC. superficial friendlyD. superficially friendly55. A. having B. taking C. making D. getting56. A. spends B. gains C. takes D. gets57. A. with B. among C. to D. in58. A. after B. though C. where D. when59. A. hate B. forbid C. enjoy D. avoid60. A. knowing B. to know C. know D. having knownPart Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension (2×20 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice, and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Tom arrived at the bus station quite early for Paris bus. The bus for Paris would not leave until five to twelve.He saw a lot of people waiting in the station.Some were standing in line, and others were walking around.There was a group of schoolgirls.Their teacher was trying to keep them in line. Tom looked around but there was no place for him to sit.He walked into the station cafe(咖啡馆).He looked up at the clock there.It was only twenty to twelve.He found a seat and sat down before a large mirror on the wall.Just then，Mike， one of Tom’s workmates came in and sat with Tom.“What time is your bus?”asked Mike.“There’s plenty of time yet，”answered Tom.“Well，I’ll get you some more tea then，”said Mike.They talked while drinking.Then Tom looked at the clock again.“Oh!It’s going backward!”he cried.“A few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve and now it’s halfpast eleven.” He was puzzled on that.“You’re looking at the clock in the mirror.”said Mike.Tom was so sorry for that.The next bus was not to leave for another hour.Since then Tom has never liked mirrors.61. Tom went into the station cafe because ______.A. Mike asked him to have a cup of teaB. there were a group of schoolgirls thereC. it was quite early and he could find a seat thereD. he wanted to have a drink with his workmate there62. What time was it in fact when Tom looked at the clock in the mirror?A. Half past twelve.B. Twenty to twelve.C. Half past eleven.D. Five to twelve.63. From the story we know that when we look at a clock in a mirror，we will find______.A. it’s going forwardB. it’s going slowerC. it’s going backwardD. it’s going faster64. Which of the following is true?A. Tom arrived in Paris on time.B. The next bus left after half an hour.C. After that Tom didn’t like clocks any longer.D. Tom looked at the clock in the mirror only once.65. Which of the following is the best title of the story?A. Missing a BusB. A Careless ManC. The Clock in the MirrorD. The Mirror of the StationPassage 2You must be very careful when a woman asks you how she looks because you will never come up with a right answer. The problem is that women generally do not think of their looks in the same way that men do. Most men form all opinion of how they look in seventh grade, and they stick to it for the rest of their lives. Most of them think of themselves as average looking. But that does not bother them.Women do not look at themselves this way. No matter how attractive a woman may appear to be to others, they think about their appearance as“not good enough”. Why do women have such low self-esteem? There are many complex psychological and societal reasons, but one reason might be that women grow up thinking they need to look like Barbie doll. This is a difficult appearance standard to live up to, although there is a multibillion-dollar beauty industry devoted to convincing women that they must try.I’m not saying men are superior, but you are not going to get a group of middle-aged men who apply cosmetics(化妆品) to themselves in hope of looking more like Brad Pitt. Men would realize that this task was pointless and meaningless. Of course many women will argue that men, being shallow, want them to look that way. As I see, hey, just because we’re idiots, that doesn’t mean you have to be.So if you are a man, and a woman asks you how she looks, you can’t say she looks bad. But you also can’t say she looks great, because she’ll think you’re lying.Also, she suspects that you’re not qualified to judge anybody’s appearance. This is because you have shaving cream in your hair.66. Which of the following statements is true?A. All women accept men’s praises for their looks.B. It is impossible for women to become beautiful.C. Women are less confident about their appearance.D. Most men think they are handsome and never worry about their looks.67. Why does the problem of appearance never make men worried?A. Because they believe they are handsome.B. Because women never care about men’s appearance.C. Because they don’t care about beauty.D. Because being average-looking is fine for men.68. Which of the following might not be the reason for women to apply cosmetics to themselves?A. They are not satisfied with their looks.B. They are crazy to follow film stars.C. They believe that men want them to do so.D. They have low self-esteem in their appearance.69. What is men’s proper reaction when a woman asks how she looks, according to this passage?A. To make a moderate comment on her looks.B. To keep silent or change a topic.C. To tell the woman that she is ugly.D. To tell the truth.70. What would men think of their own use of cosmetics?A. It is useless.B. It is necessaryC. It is good.D. It is unacceptablePassage 3Most cities and states in the U.S. collect a sales tax on almost everything you buy. You must ask when you move into a new community how the local sales tax is, and what items are and are not taxable. Both taxable items and the amount of tax vary considerably, from one or two percent in some places up to eight or ten in others. The New York City sales tax, for example, is currently 8%, so if you buy a pair of ＄40 shoes you will actually have to pay ＄43.20. This makes paying and getting correct change much more difficult (not to mention making everything more expensive). We say in America that only two things in life are unavoidable: one is death and the other is taxes.Another thing that makes money exchanges more complicated is tipping. The Chinese people have happily put an end to tipping, but Westerners are still putting up with this indignity. Waiters and waitresses, cab drivers, hotel bellboys, bakers, hairdressers and all sorts of other people must be tipped. Their employers give them low wages because it is expected that you,the customer, will make up the difference. If you don’t, the service person can’t earn a living. Tipping also varies from place to place, generally in the area of 15% of your bill(before taxes), but againyou should ask local residents whom to tip and how much.There is another kind of tipping as well. You are generally expected to give something(either cash or a bottle of whisky)to the mailman at Christmas time. You should discuss this also with neighbors and colleagues.71. This passage is about______.A. shopping and tippingB. sales and taxesC. sales taxes and tippingD. sales taxes and people72. According to the passage, if you buy a pair of ＄50 shoes in the New York city, you pay an extra ______ as sales tax.A. ＄4.5B. ＄4C. ＄5D. ＄5.573. Usually, cab drivers ______.A. get high wages from the employerB. get great benefits from the employerC. get low wages from the employerD. get high bonus from the employer74. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The Chinese people have to give tips in western countries.B. The westerners don’t have to give high tips in their own country.C. Barbers, hotel bellboys and all sorts of other people can earn a living if they are not tipped.D. Tipping varies from place to place, generally in the area of 20% of your bill.75. Usually, taxable items and the amount of tax ______.A. have no difference from place to place in the U.S.B. are over 15% in the U.S.C. have been put an end to in the U.S.D. vary from place to place in the U.S.Passage 4Futurists love computers. After all, 40 years ago electronic digital computers didn’t exist; today microchips(微型集成电路片) as tiny as a baby’s fingernail are making all sorts of tasks faster and easier. Surely the future hold still more miracles.Some of the computer experiments now going inspire imagination of the future. For example, scientists are working in devices that can electronically perform some sight and hearing functions, which could make easier for the blind and deaf. They are also working on artificial arms and legs that respond to the electric impulses(脉冲) produced by the human brain. Scientists hope that someday a person who has lost an arm could still have near-normal brain control over an artificial arm.Video games, computerized effects in movies, and real-life training machines now being used by the U.S. Army are causing some people to predict new educational uses for computers. Computers could someday be used to imitate travel to other planets, to explore the ocean floor or to look inside an atom.Experiment with electronic banking and shopping inspire predictions that these activities will soon be done from home computer terminals(终端). Cars, too, might be equipped with computers to help drivers find their way around or to communicate with home and office computers.Many people, including handicapped(残废的) workers with limited ability to movearound, already are working at home using computer terminals. Each terminal is connected to a system at a company’s main office. Some futurists say the day may come when few people will have to leave home to go to work—they’ll just turn ona terminal.76. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?A. Futurists and ComputersB. A Look at Future Uses of ComputersC. Computer ExperimentsD. Scientists and Computers77. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. computers were very small several decades agoB. babies can do some tasks with the help of computersC. more new types of computers will be designed in the futureD. future computers will make babies grow faster and more easily78. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?A. Future computers can see things as human being do.B. Future computers will be designed to have hearing ability.C. The life of the blind and deaf will be easier with the help of computers.D. A person who has lost feeling can still have a near-normal brain provided by scientists.79. Computers in the future could be used to ______.A. predict new educational achievementB. make tourism more successfulC. help people have a bright book at tomorrowD. travel to the ocean floor to study it80. Which of the following is supported by the author?A. Computers will be an indispensable part of future life.B. People will become slaves to modern computers.C. Some scientists are afraid of computer crimes.D. Computers will play a role as important as human brains.Part Ⅳ. Translation (2×10 points)Directions: There are 10 sentences in this section. Please translate sentences 81～85 from Chinese into English, and translate sentences 86～90 from English into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.Section A81. 每个人都喜欢受表扬而不是被批评。

湖北省专升本（管理学）-试卷14(总分118,考试时间90分钟)1. 单项选择题1. 玩具制造商所处的环境是( )。

A. 简单和稳定的B. 复杂和动态的C. 简单和动态的D. 复杂和稳定的2. ( )是组织中最基本的管理机制，是管理机制的主体。

A. 运行机制B. 动力机制C. 约束机制D. 激励机制3. 当校长在学生典礼上为学生颁发毕业文凭时，扮演的角色是( )。

A. 领导者B. 联络者C. 挂名首脑D. 发言人4. ( )的主要贡献是提出了“理想的行政组织体系”理论。

A. 巴纳德B. 泰罗C. 甘特D. 韦伯5. ( )提出了一般管理的14条原则。

A. 法约尔B. 梅奥C. 赫兹伯格D. 亚当斯6. 某公司人力资源部门为自己创立了一个规矩：每当一个员工离开公司时，人力资源部经理主动与离职员工交谈，收集离职员工对公司的意见与看法，并了解其去向。

如果有3个以上的员工流向同一个企业(竞争对手)，人力资源部将设法了解该竞争对手的战略、激励政策，并在此基础上向公司决策部门提出人力资源管理建议。

人力资源部的这种做法属于( )。

A. 前馈控制B. 反馈控制C. 同步控制D. 既有前馈控制，又有反馈控制7. 决策的依据是( )。

A. 适量的信息B. 全部信息C. 社会调查D. 专家意见8. 从期望理论中，我们得到的最重要启示是( )。

A. 目标效价高低是激励是否有效的关键B. 期望概率的高低是激励是否有效的关键C. 存在着负效价，应引起领导者注意D. 应把目标效价和期望概率进行优化组合9. 采取工作岗位轮换的方式来培训管理人员，其最大的优点是有助于( )。

A. 提高受训者的业务专精能力B. 减轻上级领导的工作压力C. 增强受训者的综合管理能力D. 考察受训者的高层管理能力10. 对于管理者来说，进行授权的直接原因在于( )。

A. 使更多的人参与管理工作B. 充分发挥骨干员工的积极性C. 让管理者有时间做更重要的工作D. 减少管理者自己的工作负担11. 信息来源可靠性的首要决定因素是( )。