常用教育词汇英译

教育用语大全【中英文实用版】英文文档：Educational GlossaryThe educational glossary is a comprehensive resource that defines and explains various terms and concepts related to education.It is designed to assist educators, students, and parents in understanding the terminology used in the field of education.The glossary includes terms from various areas such as curriculum, instruction, assessment, and educational technology.Some key terms included in the educational glossary are:1.Assignments: Tasks given to students by teachers to reinforce learning and assess understanding.2.Assessment: The process of evaluating student learning and progress.3.Bloom"s Taxonomy: A framework that categorizes academic objectives into different levels of cognitive complexity.4.Bullying: Persistent and aggressive behavior intended to harm or intimidate a person.5.Differentiation: A teaching strategy that adapts instruction to meet the individual needs of students.6.Flipped Classroom: An instructional approach where students learnnew content at home and apply it in class.7.Grading: The process of assigning numerical or letter scores to evaluate student performance.8.Learning Objectives: Specific, measurable goals that define what students should learn.9.Standardized Testing: Tests that are administered and scored in a consistent manner to assess student achievement.10.Technology Integration: The use of technology in education to enhance learning experiences.The educational glossary is an invaluable tool for anyone involved in the educational process.It clarifies complex terms and concepts, promoting better understanding and communication among educators, students, and parents.中文文档：教育术语大全教育术语大全是一部全面resources that defines and explains various terms and concepts related to education.It is designed to assist educators, students, and parents in understanding the terminology used in the field of education.The glossary includes terms from various areas such as curriculum, instruction, assessment, and educational technology.一些key terms included in the educational glossary are:1.作业：教师为学生布置的任务，以加强学习和评估理解。

翻译常用词汇高枕无忧resting without worries史无前例unprecedented in the history不可一世a conquering hero毫不示弱equally firmly量体裁衣to act according to actual circumstances一刀两断to cut it clean与虎谋皮to ask a tiger for its skin六亲不认to disown all one’s relatives and fri ends英雄本色the true quality of a hero英雄所见略同Great minds think alike.每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever we think of our dear ones faraway.上有好，下必有其焉。

What the superior loves, his inferiors will be found to love exceedingly.大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。

The Great River flows to the east: Its waves have washed away all the men of untrammeled spirit of a thousand ages.上兵伐谋，其次伐交。

What is supremely important in war is to attack the enemy’s strategy. Next best is to disrupt his alliances.问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流。

I wonder how many sorrows you have. They are exactly like the Yangtze River unceasingly flowing eastward in spring.千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。

汉译英主题词汇第一部分中国文化概述重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage优秀民间艺术outstanding folk art独特的艺术价值unique artistic values诚实守信honesty爱国主义精神patriotism国宝 national treasure文物 cultural relics华夏祖先 the Chinese ancestors文人 scholar; the intellectual雅士 refined scholar才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies高雅艺术 refined/high art中外学者 Chinese and overseas scholars古为今用 to make the past serve the present洋为中用 to make the foreign serve China无愧于时代的作品works worthy of the times文明摇篮 cradle of civilization古文明 ancient civilization博大精深 to be extensive and profound享有的美誉 to er\joy a good/high reputation for被誉为 to be honored/crowned as占据重要地位 to play a significant role; to have/occupy a significant place 肩负的责任 to shoulder the responsibility of...与…密不可分 to be closely associated with推广中国文化 to promote Chinese culture促进世界和平 to promote world peace增进友谊 to enhance friendship文化娱乐活动 cultural and amusement activities文化产业 culture industry文化底蕴 cultural deposit文化事业 cultural undertaking文化交流 cultural exchange文化冲击culture shock文化差异 cultural difference民族特性和价值观national identity and value在各地差异很大 to vary widely from region/place to region/place促进文化的传播 to promote the spread of culture促进交流 to promote exchanges蓬勃发展to flourish丰富多彩 to be rich and colorful风俗习惯custom禁忌taboo中华民族 the Chinese nation传统美德 traditional virtues尊敬老人 to respect the elderly赡养父母 to support/take care of parents继承 to inherit后人 later generation强身健体 to improve the physical health; to strengthen the body 益寿延年 to prolong life 保佑平安 to keep sb. safe象征意义 symbolic meaning象征好运和祝福 to symbolize good luck and blessings审美观/品味 taste for beauty; aesthetic taste第二部分传统文化传统工艺品 traditional handicraft形状不一 different shapes材质各异 various materials质地坚硬hard texture造型生动vivid figure色彩丰富rich colors风格独特 characteristic/unique style中医 traditional Chinese medicine中草药 herbal medicine望、闻、问、切 observing，listening, inquiring, pulse taking症状 symptom 针灸 acupuncture推拿 medical massage重大发明 a significant invention中国古代四大发明the Four Great Inventions of ancient China火药 gunpowder印刷术printing .造纸术 paper-making指南针compass文房四宝 the Four Treasures of the Study笔、墨、纸、砚 ink brush, inkstick, Xuan paper, inkstone汉字 Chinese character笔划stroke四书五经 the Four Books and the Five Classics唐诗宋词 poetry in the Tang and Song Dynasties诗人poet四大名著 the Four Great Classical Novels八股文 the eight-part essay普通话四声调 the four tones of Mandarin Chinese琴棋书画 lute-playing, chess, calligraphy andpainting书法 calligraphy中国画 traditional Chinese painting水墨画 Chinese brush painting; ink wash painting民俗 folk custom文化遗产 cultural heritage非物质文化遗产 intangible cultural heritage吉祥/幸运数字lucky number偶数/双数even number奇数/单数odd number吉祥物mascot龙 dragon凤 phoenix龟 tortoise吉祥图案lucky pattern姓氏文化 surname culture婚嫁习俗 marriage custom传统婚礼 traditional wedding葬礼习俗 funeral custom迷信/迷信的 superstition/superstitious 武术 martial arts中国功夫 Chinese Kung Fu太极Tai Chi中国象棋Chinese chess中国围棋Go麻将 mal\jong宗教 religion伊斯兰教Islam清真寺mosque寺庙temple和尚/僧人monk民间故事folk tale寓言fable传说legend凡间 human world思想学派 school of thought思想观念ideology哲学家 philosopher思想家thinker创始人founder代表人物 representative儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化 Confucian culture道教Taoism佛教 Buddhism孔子 Confucius孟子 Mencius老子 Lao Tzu; Lao Zi庄子 Chuang Tzu墨子Mo Tzu孙子Sun Tzu《论语》The Analects of Confucius 《道德经》Tao Te Ching《易经》The Book of Changes《孙子兵法》The Art of War第三部分传统节曰春节 the Spring Festival/Chinese New Year元宵节 the Lantern Festival清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day/Qing Ming Festival端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day/Festival重阳节 the Double Ninth Day七夕节 the Double Seventh Day/Qixi Festival除夕 Chinese New Year’s Eve公历/ 阳历 solar calendar农历/阴历 lunar calendar庆祝（节日）celebrate; observe起源origin 春联 spring couplets起源于 to originate in/from爆竹 firecrackers; fireworks习俗 tradition; convention; custom年画 New Year pictures年夜饭 annual reunion dinner庙会 temple fair拜年 to pay a New Year call民间艺人folk artist探亲访友 to (pay a) visit (to) relatives and祭神 god-worshiping friends舞龙 dragon dance亲朋好友 relatives and friends灯笼/花灯(festival) lantern大扫除 to thoroughly clean the house灯谜 lantern riddle驱厄运 to sweep away ill fortune; to get rid of有益的智力活动 beneficial intellectual ；bad luck中国结 Chinese knot去除灾难 to ward off evils赛龙舟 dragon boat race压岁钱luck money赏月 to enjoy the full moon发红包 to give money in red envelopes; to hand out red envelopes 登高 hill climbing放风筝to fly a kite欢度to celebrate...; the celebration of...荡秋千 to play/ride on a swing第四部分民间艺术中国传统戏曲 Chinese traditional operas手艺 craftsmanship京剧 Peking Opera工匠/手工艺人craftsman京剧脸谱 the facial makeup of Beijing Opera/剪纸 Chinese paper cuttingPeking Opera Mask刺绣 embroidery正面角色positive role丝绸silk说、学、逗、唱 speaking, imitating, teasing and singing 纺织品textile瓷器 porcelain; chinaware传统乐器 traditional instrument陶器 pottery; earthenware木偶戏 puppet show青铜器 bronze ware皮影戏 shadow play中国结 Chinese knot杂技 acrobatics泥塑 day figure modeling相声 crosstalk中国玉器Chinese jade说书 story-telling雕刻 carving民间工艺folk craft第五部分中餐及烹饪方法中国菜/中餐 Chinese cuisine; Chinese food絵/焖/炖to stew八大菜系 Eight Cuisines蒸 to steam粤菜 Canton cuisine煮 to boil国宴 state banquet烘焙to bake色香味 outlook, flavor and taste烤 to roast香脆可口 crispy and tasty切条 to cut to strips营养丰富nutritious切丁 to dice烹饪技巧 cooking technique切碎 to mince煎 to fry磨碎to grind炒 to stir-fry饮食习惯dietary habit炸 to deep-fry特色食品 special food; specialty元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed bun包子 steamed stuffed bun拉面 hand-stretched noodles豆腐 tofu; bean curd麻花 fried dough twist皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg火锅hot pot原材 ingredient调料 seasoning; dressing猪/牛肉丸 pork/beef ball 鸭肉duck蘑燕 mushroom北京烤鸭 Beijing Roast Duck素菜馆 vegetarian restaurant白酒 Chinese liquor第六部分中国历史四大文明古国之一 one of the four ancient civilizations中华文明 Chinese civilization文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization文明古国 ancient civilization人类文明史 the history of human civilization远古时代ancient times原始社会 primitive society封建社会 feudal society源远流长/历史悠久 to have a long history; with a long history 随着时间的推移as time goes by朝代 dynasty春秋战国时期 the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period 古都ancient capital皇帝 /君主 emperor; monarch勤政爱民 to be diligent and love one’s people退位 to give up the throne丞相 /宰相 prime minister学者 scholar政治家statesman军事家 military strategist鸦片战争the Opium War南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising集体经济 collective economy计划经济 planned economy自由经济 liberal economy商品经济 commodity economy经济体制改革 reform of the economic system辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution五四运动 the May Fourth Movement抗日战争 the Anti Japanese War西安事变 Xi’an Incident南京大屠杀 Nai\jing Massacre长征 the Long March历史遗留问题 a question left over from history/ the past在战争中损毁to be ruined in wars抵抗侵略 to resist the invasion在世纪初 at the beginning of... century迄今为止up till now追溯到 to date back to; to be traced back to...来源于 to derive/stem from; to originate from/in发祥地 birthplace兴起于，兴盛于to emerge in... and prosper in...社会地位social status建立（朝代）to build; to found; to establish繁荣 to prosper/flourish灭亡 to collapse; to come to an end以命名 to be named after...历史人物 historic figure闰年 leap year经济特区 special economic zone人均国民收人 national income per capita第一产业/农业 primary industry; agriculture第二产业/工业 secondary industry; manufacturing第三产业/服务业 tertiary industry; service?农业 farming林业 forestry畜牧业 animal husbandry副业 sideline production渔业 fishing经济增长率 economic growth rate财政政策fiscal policy经济结构调整 adjustment of economic structure优化经济结构 to optimize the economic structure改善经济环境 to improve economic environment科学技术是第一生产力science and technology are the primary productive forces 国有资产 state-owned property开放国内市场to open domestic缩小贫富差距to narrow the rich and poor消除贫困 to eliminate poverty共同富裕 common prosperity经济形势 economic situation经济波动 economic fluctuation经济衰退 economic depression; recession经济稳定 economic stability经济政策 economic policy经济复原 economic recovery经济奇迹 economic miracle经济起飞 economic take-off全球经济 global economy经济学家economist企业家 entrepreneur经济全球化 economic globalization市场经济 market economy市场调节 market regulation市场多元化 market diversification推动经贸合作 to boost economic and trade cooperation 商界 business communities互惠互利 mutual benefit总需求 aggregate/total demand总供给 aggregate supply扩大内需 to expand domestic demand团购 group buying财政预算 financial budget耐用消费品durable consumer年末促销 year-end promotion垄断 monopoly垄断行业 monopoly industry市场占有率market share生产力/生产率productivity经济增长放缓economic slowdown国有企业 state-owned enterprise (SOE)私营企业 private business合资企业joint venture民营企业 privately-run business中小企业 small and medium-sized enterprise小微企业 small and micro-sized firm民间资本 private capital民间投资 private investment泡沫经济 bubble economy经济过热 overheating of economy实体经济 the real economy外汇储备充足 sufficient foreign exchange reserve国内/国际贸易 domestic/international trade对外贸易foreign trade贸易条件terms of trade不公平竞争 unfair competition海关 customs关税 customs duty水货/走私货smuggled goods产品质量 product quality高度评价 to speak highly of物美价廉 competitive price and superior quality 销量/销售额sales存货/库存量stocks金融组织 financial institution商业信誉 commercial reputation管理机制 management mechanism改善服务 to improve services延长保修期 to extend maintenance制造商/制造厂manufacturer原材料 raw material样品sample大规模生产mass production年产量 annual output劳动力密集型产业labour-intensive industry知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry工作歧视 discrimination in workplace高消耗 high consumption高投人 high investment沿袭模式 to continue with the model of...住房抵押贷款 residential mort age loan分期付款 to pay by installments信贷紧缩 credit squeeze?利率 interest rate找工作 to hunt for a job; job-hunting招聘广告the want ads职位 position; post; job vacancy/opening求职信 application letter个人简历r6sum6; CV填写申请表 to fill in/out application form接受职位 to accept/take the post接任职位 to take over the position工作面试job interview职业前景 job/career prospects就业机会 job opportunity工资待遇pay offer津贴 allowance带薪假 paid vacation伤残保险 disability insurance失业保险 unemployment insurance培训咨询 training consultancy专业技能 professional expertise脑力劳动mental work体力劳动 labour/physical work手工劳动 manual labour/work工作时间working time加班 work overtime; overtime夜班 night shift零工odd job证券 securities资产assets利润profit供需平衡 balance between supply and demand供求关系 supply and demand relation供过于求 supply exceeds demand通货紧缩deflation通货膨胀inflation基本建设/基础设施infrastructure生活标准/生活水平living standard购买力 purchasing power; buying power短缺 shortage不发达的 underdeveloped发展中的developing持续、快速和健康的经济发展sustained, rapid and sound economic development 四大国有银行 the four major state-owned banks支票 cheque/check转账/过户to transfer存钱 to deposit money取钱 to withdraw money货币 money; currency发行issue现金cash零钱change钞票/纸币 banknote; note; bill汇率/兑换率exchange rate利息 interest保险 insurance抵押 mortgage税制 taxation system征税/纳税taxation个人所得税 individual income tax免税的tax-free纳税人taxpayer股票市场 stock exchange股份/股票share; stock股息/红利dividend房地产 real estate经济适用房 economically affordable house 廉租房 low-rent house第八部分旅游地理地理 geography华东 East China华南 South China西部地区western region中西部地区 central and western regions; midwest 地形/地势terrain海拔/高度elevation大陆 continent平原plain半岛 peninsula山谷/峡谷 valley; canyon海峡 channel; strait黄河 the Yellow River长江 the Yangtze River五岳 the Five Mountains泰山 Mount Tai西湖 West lake丝绸之路the Silk Road文化古迹 cultural relics建筑 architecture长城 the Great Wall故宫 the Imperial Palace; the Forbidden City天坛 the Temple of Heaven国家博物馆national museum钟楼 bell tower鼓楼 drum tower胡同Hutong大运河 Grand Canal苏州园林 Suzhou gardens景点 tourist attraction; scenic spot名胜古迹 places of interests避暑胜地summer resort森林公园forest park自然保护区nature reserve自然景观 natural scenery壮丽河山 magnificent scenery淡水湖 freshwater lake古典山水园林 classical landscape garden皇家园林royal garden中外游客 tourists from home and abroad游乐园 amusement park气候 climate环境保护 environmental protection环境问题 environmental problem/issue环境污染 environmental pollution污染物pollutant全球变暖 global warming温室效应 greenhouse effect废水 waste water; polluted water废气 polluted gas; exhaust gas白色污染 white pollution雾霾天气smog weather植物园 botanical garden度假 to take a vacation; to go on holiday门票(entrance) ticket星级酒店 star-rated hotel保存最完好的best-preserved原址 original site高峰期rush hour人山人海/人满为患 overcrowded; to be packed with overcrowded people翻山越岭 to climb mountains and hills受到的热烈欢迎to be warmly welcomed by…位于 to be located in/at 省会 provincial capital水域面积water area三面环山 to be surrounded by mountains on three sides全长公里 to stretch for... km/kilometers面貌焕然一新 to take on a completely new look丰富知识 to enrich one’s knowledge开阔视野 to broaden one’s horizons扩大知识面 to enlarge the scope of knowledge培养独立性 to cultivate independence运输工具 means of transportation公共交通 public transport地铁站 subway station候车室 waiting room护照 passport签证有效期validity of visa散客 individual visitor团体游客group visitor环境灾害沙尘天气 sand and dust weather提高全民环保意识 to raise environmental awareness amongst the general public节能减排energy-saving and emission-reduction; energy conservation and emission reduction预防为主、防治结合policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control环保产品 environment-friendly product一次性产品 disposable product开发可再生资源 to develop renewable resources?高會巨耗产业 energy-intensive industry生态环境 the ecological environment水土流失 water loss and soil erosion水土保持 water and soil conservation降雨量rainfall物种灭绝 the extinction of bio-species先污染后治理 to exert control after pollution碳减排 carbon emission reduction温室气体 greenhouse gas emission二氧化碳 carbon dioxide新能源汽车green car汽车尾气 motor vehicle exhaust发动机排量 engine displacement零排放车辆 zero-emission vehicle小排量汽车 small-displacement car资源枯竭 depletion of resources能源危机energy crisis原油 crude oil油价飙升 oil prices surge可替代能源 alternative energy清洁能源clean energy新型能源 new type energy回收利用to recycle垃圾分类 garbage classification可回收的recyclable不可回收的unrecyclable处理 to dispose低碳城市化道路 way of low-carbon urbanization城市化 urbanization濒临灭绝/失传 to be on the verge of extinction/ loss 珍稀淑危物种 rare and endangered species稀有物种rare species防护林带shelter belt森林覆盖率 forest coverage rate改善土壤 soil improvement地质灾害 geological disaster灾难 catastrophe; tragedy; disaster不幸 misfortune伤亡人员casualty死亡人数death toll台风 typhoon火山爆发 volcanic eruption地震 earthquake洪水flood干旱 drought第十部分教育普及教育 universal education素质教育 quality education; quality-oriented education 应试教育 examination-oriented education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education学前教育 preschool education初等教育 elementary education小学 elementary school; primary school初中 junior high school高中 senior high school希望工程Project Hope学龄儿童school-ager失学儿童dropout课业负担 academic burden学生减负 alleviate the burden on students入学率 enrollment rate适龄儿童人学率 enrollment rate for children of school age高考 university/college entrance examination高等教育 higher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 college of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college/university of science and engineering师范学院 normal college军校 military academy大学城 college town象牙塔 ivory tower校园文化 campus culture高校扩招 the college expansion助学贷款 student loan; educational loan受过良好教育的well-educated大学生 undergraduate研究生 graduate student; postgraduate (student)应届毕业生 graduating student; current year’s graduate考研 to take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools读研 to attend graduate school?毕业典礼 graduation ceremony 毕业论文 a graduation paper 毕业实习 graduation field work; to go out on internships授予学位 to confer an academic degree on sb.博士学位 doctor’s degree硕士学位 masters degree学士学位 bachelor’s degree在职博士生 on-job doctorate就业难 tough employment缓解就业压力 to alleviate employment pressure中专生 students of secondary vocational school扩大招生人数 to enlarge school enrollment/ recruits升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade高分低能 high scores and low abilities填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching培训班 training class去读生 extern; non-resident student住校生boarder课外活动 extracurricular activity必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 elective/optional course基础课 basic course专业课 specialized course专业知识 specialized knowledge开设课程 to offer a course课程表 school schedule教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus学分制 credit system补考 make-up examination学年 school year师资力量 teaching faculty推进素质教育 to push ahead with education for all-around development基本实现教育现代化to basically modernize education招生就业指导 enrollment and vocation guidance竞争激烈 fierce competition评价体系 evaluation system选拔官员/人才 to select officials/talents出国留学 to study abroad海外留学生 overseas student; international student文盲 illiteracy; illiterate继续教育 continuing/further education终身学习 life-long learning自学考试 self-study examination夜间大学 evening university电视大学 open university成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses远程学习 distance learning充电 to update one’s knowledge教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education教育公平 fairness/equality in education教育资源 education resource教师资源 teacher resource分配不均衡 unevenly distributed/allocated教学设施 teaching facility缩小城乡教育差距to bridge/narrow the educational gap between rural and urban areas 辍学率 dropout rate第十一部分科技科技发展 scientific and technological advancement/development新兴学科 emerging discipline生物技术 bio-technology克隆 cloning基因工程 genetic engineering空间实验室space laboratory航天飞机shuttle卫星 satellite探测器detector信息时代 information age信息爆炸 information explosion高科技产品 high-tech product电子设备 electronic device智能手机 smartphone; intelligent handset创新 innovation研发 research and development核心技术 core technology电讯 telecommunication硬件 hardware?软件 software网络世界cyber world网络文化cyber culture网络犯罪cyber crime信息革命 information revolution电子货币e-currency人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI)虚拟银行virtual bank电子商务 e-business; e-commerce网络出版e-publishing个人信息泄露 leakage of personal information 搜索引擎search engine网页浏览web browsing即时消息 instant message视频电话video phone文件传输 document transmission在线社区 online community社交模式 social networking网上冲浪 to surf on the Internet网民 netizen活跃用户active user对上瘾 to be/get addicted to…计算机病毒computer virus虚拟世界virtual world网上购物 online shopping消费理念 consumption concept大众媒体mass media出版商publisher电子版 electronic version娱乐资讯 entertainment information三维电影 three-dimensional movie在线娱乐 online entertainment当地新闻local news简讯 brief news获取信息 to obtain information收视率 audience rating垃圾信息spam message骚扰电话 harassing call第十三部分政策法规基本国策 a basic national/state policy制定政策 to make a policy(政策）生效/开始实施 to come into force/effect晚婚晚育 late marriage and late childbirth搞好优生优育 to promote good prenatal and postnatal care稳定低生育水平 to stabilize the low birth rate推行可持续发展战略to pursue the strategy of sustainable development 简化审批程序 to simplify approval procedures行政管理 administrative management违反规定 to violate a rule/regulation少数民族 ethnic minority过快增长 excessive growth急剧下降 to be on the sharp decline人口稠密/稀少 densely/sparsely populated人口基数/密度/分布 population base/density/distribution人口出生率birth rate人口增长的高峰期baby boom人口素质 quality of the population人口老龄化 aging of population人口流动 population mobility老龄化社会aging society城镇化 urbanization高楼大厦 high-rise/tall/high building小康社会 well-off society贫困家庭poor family和睦相处 to live in peace/harmony中国特色社会主义 socialism with Chinese characteristics物质文明 material civilization精神文明 spiritual civilization为人民服务 to serve the people坚持的方针 to adhere to the principle of...社会保障 social security养老保险 retirement insurance医疗保险 medical insurance弱势群体 disadvantaged group单亲 single parent关心老龄人 to care for senior citizens大龄青年 older adults; single youth above the normal matrimonial age 独生子女 the only child in a family社会背景 social background福利 welfare福利彩票 welfare lotteries家政服务 household management service?医疗服务 medical service满足基本需求 to satisfy basic needs社会效益 social benefit健康管理 health management应运而生 to appear accordingly； to emerge as required/needed 普通市民 ordinary resident物价上涨rising price家政服务业 home services industry建筑工地 construction site农产品 agricultural product爱情告白 to express one’s love几世同堂的家庭 a family consisting of several generations性骚扰 sexual harassment贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor挂失 to report the loss补办 to re-apply/re-register/post-register户籍 household registration居住证 residence permit基础设施建设 infrastructure construction劳动力短缺labor shortage空巢老人empty nester农民工 migrant worker农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers机动车辆猛增motor vehicles surge交通堵塞 traffic jam/congestion过度拥挤overcrowded单双号限行 even-odd license plate plan闯红灯 running red light扣分处罚point penalty酒驾 drunk driving终身禁驾 lifetime ban from driving性别歧视 gender/sexual discrimination年龄歧视 age discrimination盗版 pirated; illegal copies法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up可持续发展 sustainable development和谐并存 harmonious coexistence计划生育 family planning计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency居委会 neighborhood committee一国两制 One Country, Two Systems一个中国原则 the one-China principle两岸关系 cross-straits relations两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations领土完整 territorial integrity民族精神 national spirit求同存异 to seek common ground while shelving differences 精神文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization 与时倶进 to keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”（战略)going global全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign人口普查census社会保险 social insurance。

初中英语词汇表注：n 名词 v 动词 adj形容词adv 副词 prep介词 conj连词phr.短语 num数词 pron 代名词第一册1----8331 what [hwɔt] pron2 is [iz] v3 what's [hwɔts] what is4 your [juə] pron5 name [neim] n6 my [mai] pron7 I [ai] pron8 am [æm] v9 I'm [aim]10 in [in] prep11 row [rəu] n12 one [w∧n] num13 number ['n∧mbə] n14 two [tu:] num15 too [tu:] adv16 three[θri:] num17 are [ɑ:] v18 you [ju:] pron19 yes [jes] adv20 four [fɔ:] num21 five [faiv] num22 no [nəu] adv & adj23 not [n∧t] adv24 hi [hai] int25 class [klɑ:s] n26 grade [greid] n27 six [siks] num28 seven ['sevn] num 29 eight [eit] num30 nine [nain] num31 ten [ten] num32 zero ['ziərəu] num & n33 plus [pl∧s]prep34 it [it] pron35 It's [its] it is36 how [hau] adv37 old [əuld] adj ...38 eleven [i'levn] num39 twelve [twelv] num40 minus ['mainəs] prep41 thirteen ['θə:ti:n] num42 fourteen ['fɔ:'ti:n] num43 fifteen ['fif'ti:n] num44 hello [hə'ləu] int45 please [pli:z] int46 can [kæn] v.aux47 spell [spel] v48 that [ðæt] pron49 secret ['si:krit] n50 this [ðis] pron51 in [in] prep52 English['iŋgliʃ] n & adj53 in English[in'iŋgliʃ]phr.54 a [ei] art55 clock [kl∧k] n56 and [ænd] conj57 pencil-box['penslbɔks]n58 an [æn] art )59 pencil ['pensl] n60 ruler ['ru:lə] n61 pen [pen] n62 sharpener ['ʃɑ:pənə] n63 eraser [i'reisə] n64 room [ru:m] n65 book [buk] n66 map [mæp] n67 desk [desk] n68 cup [kʌp] n69 bag [bæg] n70 compute r[kəm'pju:tə]n71 mouse [maus]n72 bed [bed] n73 keyboard ['ki:bɔ:d] n74 isn't ['iznt]75 pear [pɛə] n76 cake [keik] n77 banana [bə'nɑ:nə] n78 apple ['æpl] n79 orange ['ɔ:rindʒ] n80 egg [eg] n81 bike [baik] n82 bus [bʌs] n83 car [kɑ:] n84 jeep [dʒi:p] n85 Chinese['tʃai'ni:z]adj86 Japanese[,dʒæpə'ni:z]adj87 look [luk] v88 who [hu:] pron89 she [ʃi:] pron90 he [hi:] pron91 bird [bə:d] n92 Its [its] pron93 do[du:]v.aux(94 don't [dəunt]95 know [nəu] v96 think [θiŋk] v97 Mr=mister ['mistə] 98 very ['veri] adv99 picture ['piktʃə] n100 Mrs ['mɪsɪz] n101 boy [bɔi] n102 girl [gə:l] n103 woman ['wumən] n104 man [mæn] n105 cat [kæt] n106 his [hiz] pron107 teacher ['ti:tʃə] n108 her [hə:] pron109 everyone ['evriwʌn] pron 110 here [hiə] adv111 today [tə'dei] adv & n 112 at [æt] prep113 school [sku:l] n114 at school phr.115 sorry ['sɔri] adj116 where [hwɛə] adv117 home [həum] n118 at home phr.119 How are you？120 fine [fain] adj121 thanks[θæŋks] n122 OK adv123 thank[θæŋk] v124 goodbye [,gud'bai] int 125 bye [bai] int126 parrot ['pærət] n127 sister ['sistə] n128 father ['fɑ:ðə] n129 mother ['mʌðə] n130 box [bɔks] n131 excuse [iks'kju:z] v132 me [mi:] pron133 Here you are134 but [bʌt] conj135 these [ði:z] pron136 they [ðei] pron137 good [gud] adj138 those [ðəuz] pron 139 boat [bəut] n140 hill [hil] n141 tree [tri:] n142 their [ðɛə] pron143 much [mʌtʃ] adv 144 very much phr. 145 all [ɔ:l] adv146 right [rait] adv & adj 147 all right phr.148 mum [m∧m] n149 friend [frend] n150 brother ['br∧ðə] n 151 nice [nais] adj152 to [tu:] prep153 meet [mi:t] v154 child [tʃaild] n155 children ['tʃildrən] n 156 welcome ['welkəm] v 157 our ['auə] pron158 come [k∧m] v159 come in phr.160 morning ['mɔ:niŋ] n 161 class [klɑ:s] n162 on [ɔn] prep163 duty ['dju:ti] n164 on duty phr.165 we [wi:] pron166 aren't [ɑ:nt] a167 have [hæv] v 168 new [nju:] adj169 student ['stju:dənt] n170 twin [twin] n171 look [luk] v172 the [ðə] art173 same [seim] adj174 look the same phr.175 America [ə'merikən]n & adj 176 sit [sit] v177 down [daun] adv178 sit down phr.179 over ['əuvə] adv180 there [ðɛə] adv181 over there phr.182 after ['ɑ:ftə] prep183 look after phr.184 Miss [mis]n185 way [wei] n186 This way,please.187 put [put] v188 coat [kəut] n189 them [ðem] pron190 washroom ['waſrum] n191 let [let] v192 us [ʌs] pron193 let's [lets] let us194 go [gəu] v195 Let's go196 classmate ['klɑ:smeit] n 197 nice [nais] adj198 love [lʌv] v199 No ['nʌmbə] n200 middle ['midl] adj201 middle school n202 well [wel] int203 fax [fæks] n204 phone [fəun] n205 ID n206 policeman [pə'li:smən] n207 ask [ɑ:sk] v208 sir [sə:] n209 yes [jes]adv210 licence ['laisəns] n211 look at phr.212 dear [diə] int213 see [si:] v214 I'll [ail] I will215 will [wil] v.aux216 take [teik] v217 address [ə'dres] n218 age [eidʒ] n219 glad [glæd] adj220 why[hwai]int221 forgot[fə'gɔt] v222 now [nau] adv223 China ['tʃainə] n224 or [ɔ:] conj225 work [wə:k] v & n226 goes [gəuz]227 family ['fæmili] n228 family tree n229 grandmother ['grænd,mʌðə] n 230 grandma['grændmɑ:]n231 grandfather ['grænd,fɑ:ðə] n 232 grandpa ['grændpɑ:] n233 dad [dæd] n234 wife [waif] n235 husband ['hʌzbənd] n236 daughter ['dɔ:tə] n237 son [sʌn] n 238 parent ['pɛərənt] n239 parents ['pɛərənts]n 240 big [big] adj241 England ['iŋglənd] n 242 aunt [ɑ:nt] n243 uncle ['ʌŋkl] n244 afternoon ['ɑ:ftə'nu:n] n 245 do [du:] v246 How do you do ?247 seat [si:t] n248 have a seat249 like [laik] prep250 look like phr.251 hat [hæt] n252 doctor ['dɔktə] n253 worker ['wə:kə] n254 guess [ges] v255 behind [bi'haind] prep 257 ball [bɔ:l] n258 under ['ʌndə] prep259 floor [flɔ:] n260 can't [kænt]261 photo ['fəutəu] n262 wall [wɔ:l] n263 shoe [ʃu:] n264 near [niə] prep265 door [dɔ:] n266 of [ɔv] prep ...267 classroom ['klɑ:srum] n 268 answer ['ɑ:nsə] v269 blackboard ['blækbɔ:d] n 270 some [sʌm] pron271 schoolbag ['sku:l,bæg] n 272 flower ['flauə] n273 find [faind] v274 broom [bru:m] n275 window ['windəu] n 276 raincoat ['reinkəut] n 277 cap [kæp] n278 football ['futbɔ:l] n279 table ['teibl] n280 Hong Kong [ 'hɔŋ'kɔŋ ]n 281 Macao [mə'kau] n282 SAR n283 there [ðɛə]284 there's [ðɛəz]285 lock [lɔk] v& n286 many ['meni] adj287 thing [θiŋ] n288 must [mʌst] v.aux289 open ['əupən] v290 get [get] v291 help [help] v292 purse [pə:s] n293 money ['mʌni] n294 worry ['wʌri] v295 Let me see296 fifty ['fifti] num297 colour ['kʌlə] n298 black [blæk] adj299 house [haus] n300 small [smɔ:l] adj301 playhouse ['pleihaus] n 302 like [laik] v303 play [plei] v304 up [ʌp] adv305 with [wið] prep306 great [greit] adv307 look [luk] n308 have a look phr. 309 ping-pong[' piŋpɔŋ] n 310 how many phr.311 kite [kait] n312 young [jʌŋ] adj313 pioneer [,paiə'niə] n 314 Young Pioneer n315 men [men] n316 women ['wimin] n317 only ['əunli] adv318 work [wə:k] n319 at work phr.320 sky [skai] n321 count [kaunt] v322 river ['rivə] n323 dog [dɔg] n324 light [lait] n325 any ['eni]adj,326 animal ['æniməl] n327 people ['pi:pl] n328 little ['litl] adj & adv 329 sheep [ʃi:p] n330 come on ['kʌm ɔn]phr. 331 red [red] adj & n332 colour ['kʌlə] n；v333 yellow ['jeləu] adj & n 334 blue [blu:] adj & n335 white [hwait] adj & n 336 green [gri:n] adj & n 337 purple ['pə:pl] adj & n 338 brown [braun] adj&n 339 orange ['ɔ:rindʒ] adj & n 340 grey [grei] adj & n341 sweater ['swetə] n342 light [lait] adj343 want [wɔnt] v344 which [hwitʃ] pron & adj 345 one [wʌn] pron346 clothes [kləuðz] n347 line [lain] n348 whose [hu:z] pron349 blouse [blauz] n350 dress [dres] n351 shirt [ʃə:t] n352 trousers ['trauzəz] n 353 skirt [skə:t] n354 dark [dɑ:k] adj355 yours [juəz] pron356 mine [main] pron357 hers [hə:z] pron358 put on phr.359 theirs [ðɛəz] pron360 ours ['auəz] pron361 glove [glʌv] n362 about [ə'baut] prep363 What about...? phr. 364 beside [bi'said] prep 365 watch [wɔtʃ] n & v366 give [giv] v367 time [taim] n368 about [ə'baut] adv369 thirty['θə:ti] num370 get up ['get ʌp] phr. 371 late [leit] adj & adv372 o'clock [ə'klɔk]373 midnight ['midnait] n 374 noon [nu:n] n375 past [pɑ:st] prep376 half [hɑ:f] n377 quarter ['kwɔ:tə] n378 for [fɔ:] prep 379 break [breik] n380 lunch [lʌntʃ] n381 breakfast ['brekfəst] n 382 clean [kli:n] v383 supper ['sʌpə] n384 have supper phr.385 TV n386 watch TV phr.387 game [geim] n388 go home phr.389 p.m.390 London ['lʌndən] n391 Tokyo ['təukiəu] n392 Sydney ['sidni] n393 hour [auə] n394 a.m.395 hundred ['hʌndrəd] num 396 yourself [juə'self] pron 397 bedroom ['bedrum] n 398 doll [dɔl] n399 else [els] adv & ad400 sure [ʃuə]adv&adj401 between [bi'twi:n] prep 402 tall [tɔ:l] adj403 funny ['fʌni] adj404 favourite ['feivərit] adj 405 e-mail [i:'meil] n406 speak [spi:k] v407 next ['nekst] adj408 term [tə:m] n409 could [kud] v.aux410 minute ['minit] n411 Tuesday ['tju:zdi] n412 February ['februəri] n 413 eighteenth['ei'ti:nθ] num414 listen ['lisn] v415 careful ['kɛəfəl] adj 416 carefully ['kɛəfəli] adv 417 draw [drɔ:] v418 has [hæz] v419 face [feis] n420 eye [ai] n421 ear [iə] n422 leg [leg] n423 hand [hænd] n424 long [lɔŋ] adj425 short [ʃɔ:t] adj426 mouth [mauθ] n427 say [sei] v428 tick [tik] n429 heavy ['hevi] adj430 empty ['empti] adj 431 certainly ['sə:tənli] adv 432 full [ful] adj433 be full (of) phr.434 carry ['kæri] v435 too [tu:] adv436 so [səu] adv437 listen to phr.438 tape [teip] n439 there [ðɛə] int440 all [ɔ:l] adj441 basket ['bɑ:skit] n 442 bottle ['bɔtl] n443 a bottle of phr.444 juice [dʒu:s] n445 head [hed] n446 nose [nəuz] n447 hair [hɛə] n448 arm [ɑ:m] n 449 foot [fut] n450 wardrobe ['wɔ:drəub] n 451 day [dei] n452 from [frɔm] prep453 America [ə'merikən] n 454 zoo [zu:] n455 away [ə'wei] adv456 put away phr.457 out [aut] adv458 come out phr.459 sock [sɔk] n460 other ['ʌðə] adj461 wrong [rɔ:ŋ] adj462 broken ['brəukən] adj 463 so [səu] pron464 catch [kætʃ] v465 get down phr.466 him [him] pron467 right [rait] adv468 goodness ['gudnis] n 469 plane [plein] n470 with [wið] prep471 mend [mend] v472 knife [naif] n (pl.knives) 473 robot ['rəubɔt] n474 body ['bɔdi] n475 broke [brəuk]v476 lost [lɔst] adj477 tell [tel] v478 round [raund] adj479 mummy ['mʌmi] n480 pleasure ['pleʒə] n481 food [fu:d] n482 drink[driŋk] n & v 483 hungry ['hʌŋgri] adj484 thirsty['θə:sti] adj485 water ['wɔ:tə] n & v486 eat [i:t] v487 rice [rais] n488 bread [bred] n489 meat [mi:t] n490 tea [ti:] n491 milk [milk] n492 glass [glɑ:s] n493 a glass of phr.494 would like phr.495 something ['sʌmθiŋ]pr496 porridge ['pɔridʒ] n497 fish [fiʃ] n498 dumpling ['dʌmpliŋ] n499 fruit [fru:t] n500 piece [pi:s] n501 a piece of phr.502 hamburger ['hæmbə:gə] n 503 noodle ['nu:dl] n504 potato [pə'teitəu] n pl.potatoes 505 chips [tʃip] n506 coke [kəuk] n507 coffee ['kɔfi] n508 madam ['mædəm] n509 dear [diə] adj510 ice [ais] n511 cream [kri:m] n512 ice cream n513 USA n514 different ['difərənt] adj515 vegetable ['vedʒitəbl] n516 sometimes ['sʌmtaimz] adv 517 sport [spɔ:t] n518 come on phr. 519 ouch [autʃ] int520 be good at phr.521 basketball ['bæskitbɔ:l] n 522 easy ['i:zi] adj523 pass [pɑ:s] v524 try [trai] v525 yo-yo ['jəujəu] n526 go [gəu] n527 throw[θrəu] v528 hard [hɑ:d] adj529 ride [raid] v530 swim [swim] v531 skate [skeit] v532 fly [flai] v533 card [kɑ:d] n534 volleyball ['vɔli,bɔ:l] n535 jump [dʒʌmp] v536 sing[siŋ] v537 run [rʌn] v538 high [hai] adj & adv539 then [ðen] adv540 question ['kwestʃən] n541 postal ['pəustəl] adj542 code [kəud] n543 ski [ski:] v544 tennis ['tenis] n545 table tennis n546 roller-skating ['rəuləskeitiŋ] n 547 chess [tʃes] n548 fan [fæn] n549 player ['pleiə] n550 team [ti:m] n551 every ['evri] adj552 Friday ['fraidi] n553 make [meik] v554 make the bed phr.555 homework ['həumwə:k] n 556 do homework phr.557 read [ri:d] n558 write [rait] v559 sleep [sli:p] v560 look for ['luk fər] phr.561 cook [kuk] v & n562 talk [tɔ:k] v563 talk with ['tɔ:k wið]phr.564 open ['əupən] n565 close [kləuz] v566 take photos phr.567 wear [wɛə] v568 Sunday ['sʌndi] n569 park [pɑ:k] n570 toy [tɔi] n571 lake [leik] n572 clear [kliə] adj573 shop [ʃɔp] n574 closed [kləuzd] adj575 day [dei] n576 Friday ['fraidi] n577 early ['ə:li] adj & adv578 supermarket ['sju:pə,mɑ:kit] n 579 Wednesday ['wenzdi] n580 may [mei] v.aux581 borrow ['bɔrəu] v582 from [frɔm] prep583 Thursday['θə:zdi] n584 week [wi:k] n585 Monday ['mʌndei] n586 Saturday ['sætədi] n587 Sunday ['sʌndi] n588 hey[hei]int 589 dictionary ['dikʃəneri] n 590 back [bæk] adv591 tomorrow [tə'mɔ:rəu]n&adv 592 CD n593 lot [lɔt] n594 a lot phr.595 give...a hand phr.596 evening['i:vniŋ] n597 from…to… phr.598 after class phr.599 help...with phr.600 model ['mɔdl] n601 park [pɑ:k] n602 rest [rest] n603 have a (good) rest phr. 604 maths [mæθs] n605 math [mæθ] n606 all [ɔ:l] adv607 hard [hɑ:d] adv608 fun [fʌn] adj609 yeah [jɛə] adv610 take [teik] v611 straight [streit] adj612 use [ju:z] v613 wheel [hwi:l] n614 into ['intu:] prep615 music ['mju:zik] n616 boat [bəut] v617 lake [leik] n618 into ['intu:] prep619 worried ['wʌrid] adj620 save [seiv] v621 ticket ['tikit] n622 New York ['nju:leid] n623 learn [lə:n] v624 learn...from phr.625 meeting ['mi:tiŋ] n 626 bring[briŋ] v627 foreign ['fɔrin] adj628 difference ['difərəns] n 629 each [i:tʃ] adv & pron 630 each other pron631 talk about phr.632 USA n633 Australia [ɔ:s'treiljə] n 634 Canada ['kænədə] n 635 UK n636 Japan [dʒə'pæn] n637 America [ə'merikə] n 638 a little phr.639 French [frentʃ] n640 great [greit] adj641 the Great Wall n642 hotel [həu'tel] n643 building['bildiŋ] n 644 follow ['fɔləu] v645 call [kɔ:l] v&n646 family name n647 first [fə:st] num & adv 648 postcard ['pəust,kɑ:d] n 649 teach [ti:tʃ] v650 dinner ['dinə] n651 soon [su:n] adv652 stay [stei] v653 high school n654 Toronto [tə'rɔntəu] n 655 schoolboy ['sku:lbɔi] n 656 country ['kʌntri] n657 make friends phr. 658 France [frɑ:ns] n 659 textbook ['tekstbuk] n 660 Englishman ['iŋgliʃmən]n 661 Australian [ɔ:s'treiljən]adj 662 Canadian [kə'neidiən] n 663 city ['siti] n664 foreigner ['fɔ:rinə] n665 visit ['vizit] v666 word [wə:d] n667 well [wel] adv668 why [hwai] adv669 English-speaking adj 670 letter ['letə] n671 hot [hɔt] adj672 hot dog n673 not...at all phr.674 different ['difərənt] adj 675 kind [kaind] n676 a kind of phr.677 every ['evri] adj678 meal [mi:l] n679 noodle ['nu:dl] n680 vegetable ['vedʒitəbl] n 681 restaurant ['restərɔnt] n 682 often ['ɔ:fən] adv683 potato [pə'teitəu] n684 well [wel] adj & adv685 why [hwai] adv686 because [bi'kɔ:z] conj 687 housework ['hauswə:k] n 688 machine [mə'ʃi:n] n689 again [ə'gen] adv690 make phone calls phr. 691 wash [wɔʃ] v692 dish [diʃ] n693 electronic [ilek'trɔnik] adj694 mail [meil] n695 smoke [sməuk] v&n696 fog [fɔg] n697 smog[smɔg]n698 dance [dɑ:ns] v699 living room n700 dining room n701 driver ['draivə] n702 farmer ['fɑ:mə] n703 soldier ['səuldʒə] n704 businessman ['biznismæn] n 705 assistant [ə'sistənt] n706 a shop assistant phr.707 nurse [nə:s] n708 postman ['pəustmən] n709 factory ['fæktəri] n710 station ['steiʃən] n711 bus station n712 hospital ['hɔspitl]n713 farm [fɑ:m] n714 post [pəust] n715 office ['ɔ:fis] n716 post office n717 study ['stʌdi] v718 party ['pɑ:ti] n719 friendly ['frendli] adj720 also ['ɔ:lsəu] adv721 medicine ['medisin] n722 in the day phr.723 at night phr.724 make money phr.725 weekend ['wi:k'end] n726 job [dʒɔb] n727 writer ['raitə] n728 cleaner ['kli:nə] n 729 turn [tə:n] n730 grow [grəu] v731 baker ['beikə] n732 artist ['ɑ:tist] n733 hobby ['hɔbi] n734 be [bi:] v735 place [pleis] n736 weekday ['wi:kdei] n737 when [hwen] adv738 leave [li:v] v739 begin [bi'gin] v740 have sports phr.741 go to bed phr.742 usually ['ju:ʒuəli] adv743 right now phr.744 sometimes ['sʌmtaimz] adv 745 take off phr.746 after school phr.747 get to phr.748 exercise ['eksəsaiz]n749 do morning exercises phr. 750 shopping ['ʃɔpiŋ] n751 go shopping phr.752 garden ['gɑ:dn] n753 be [bi:] v754 over ['əuvə] adv755 do (some) reading phr. 756 living-room n757 playground ['pleigraund]n 758 walk [wɔ:k] v759 news [nju:z] n760 match [mætʃ] n761 quickly ['kwikli] adv762 sun [sʌn] n763 moon [mu:n] n764 bridge [bridʒ] n765 train [trein] n766 ship [ʃip] n767 on foot phr.768 holiday ['hɔlədi] n769 year [jiə] n770 by [bai] prep771 by plane phr.772 by ship phr.773 air [ɛə] n774 by air phr.775 sea [si:] n776 by sea phr.777 take time phr.778 how long phr.779 walk [wɔ:k] v780 clean [kli:n] adj781 story ['stɔ:ri] n782 far [fɑ:] adj & adv783 problem ['prɔbləm] n784 earlier ['ə:liə] adj & adv785 ill [il] adj786 tear [tɛə] n787 chicken ['tʃikin] n788 tofu ['təufu:] n789 fridge [fridʒ] n790 list [list] n791 shopping list phr.792 buy [bai] v793 kilo ['ki:ləu] n794 sell [sel] v795 how much phr.796 cheap [tʃi:p] adj797 expensive [iks'pensiv] adj798 tomato[tə'meitəu]n(pl.tomatoes) 799 onion ['ʌnjən] n800 carrot ['kærət] n801 pork [pɔ:k] n802 all day phr.803 a lot of phr.804 open ['əupən] adj805 market ['mɑ:kit] n806 dollar['dɔlə]n807 cent [sent] n808 pound [paund] n809 health[helθ] n810 fast [fɑ:st] adj & adv) 811 of course phr.812 travel ['trævl] v & n813 safe [seif] adj814 minibus ['mini,bʌs] n 815 and so on phr.816 price [prais] n817 example [ig'zɑ:mpl] n 818 for example phr.819 stand [stænd] v820 field [fi:ld] n821 one day phr822 job [dʒɔb] n823 bright [brait] adj824 foreign ['fɔrin] adj825 sunglasses ['sʌnglɑ:siz] n 826 each [i:tʃ] pron827 language['læŋgwidʒ] n 828 helpful ['helpfəl] adj 829 get on (a bus) phr.830 business ['biznis] n831 company ['kʌmpəni] n 832 manager ['mænidʒə] n 833 century ['sentʃuri] n第二册834----1644834 lesson ['lesn] n835 fun [fʌn] n836 when [hwen] conj837 traffic ['træfik] n838 bad [bæd] adj839 matter ['mætə]v840 on time phr.841 September [sep'tembə] n 842 happy ['hæpi] adj843 best [best] adj &adv844 wish [wiʃ] n &v845 second ['sekənd] num &adj 846 idea [ai'diə] n847 last [lɑ:st] adj848 given name phr.849 mean [mi:n] v850 meaning ['mi:niŋ] n851 important [im'pɔ:tənt] adj 852 use [ju:z] v853 Ms [mɪz]n854 before [bi'fɔ:] prep &adv 855 never ['nevə] adv856 just [dʒʌst] adv857 third[θə:d] num &ad858 afraid [ə'freid] adj859 live [liv] v860 sound [saund] n & v861 have to phr.862 time [taim] n863 more [mɔ:] adv864 not...any more phr.865 laugh [lɑ:f] v & n866 waste [weist] n & v 867 a waste of time phr.868 fifth[fifθ] num & adj869 trip [trip] n & v870 field trip phr.871 hometown ['hom'taun] n 872 discuss [di'skʌs] v873 fish [fiʃ] v874 fishing ['fiʃiŋ] n875 go fishing phr.876 east [i:st] n & adj877 agree [ə'gri:] v878 boating ['bəutiŋ] n879 go boating phr.880 maybe ['meibi] adv881 mountain ['mauntin] n882 hike [haik] n & v883 hiking [haikin] n884 go hiking phr.885 picnic ['piknik] n886 the day after tomorrow phr. 887 top [tɔp] n888 problem ['prɔbləm] n889 quick [kwik] adj890 quickly ['kwikli] adv891 start [stɑ:t] v892 trip [trip] over phr.893 tired ['taiəd] adj894 hurry ['hʌri] v895 hurry up phr.896 tie [tai] v897 die [dai] v898 city ['siti] n899 take [teik] v900 eighth [eitθ] num 八901 salesgirl ['seilzgə:l] n902 far [fɑ:] adj & a dv903 beautiful ['bju:təfəl] adj904 together [tə'geðə] adv905 autumn ['ɔ:təm] n906 festival ['festəvəl] n & adj907 ninth [nainθ] num &adj908 free [fri:] adj909 mid-autumn n910 mooncake n911 nut [nʌt] n912 sweet [swi:t] adj913 inside [,in'said]prep914 store ['in'said] n915 come over phr.916 thanksgiving [,θæŋks'giviŋ] n917 Thanksgiving=Thanksgiving Day phr. 918 get together phr.919 October [ɔk'təubə] n920 taste [teist] v921 pie [pai] n922 outside ['aut'said] prep & adv923 in the open air phr924 harvest ['hɑ:vist] n925 than [ðæn] conj926 another[ə'nʌðə]adj&conj927 delicious [di'liʃəs] adj928 better['betə]adj(goo或well的比较级) 929 pumpkin ['pʌmpkin] n930 twelfth[twelfθ] num &adj931 turkey ['tə:ki] n932 celebrate ['selibreit] v933 wait [weit] v934 feed [fi:d] v935 cow [kau] n936 interesting ['intəristiŋ]adj937 tractor ['træktə] n938 taxi ['tæksi] n939 slow [sləu] adj940 slowly ['sləuli] adv941 grow [grəu] v942 wheat [hwi:t] n943 country ['kʌntri] n944 hear [hiə] v945 bleat [bli:t] v & n946 agree with phr947 corn [kɔ:n] n948 most[məust]adj&adv 949 summer ['sʌmə] n950 winter ['wintə] n951 stop [stɔp] v952 pick [pik] v953 exciting[ik'saitiŋ] adj 954 town [taun] n955 star [stɑ:] n956 until [ən'til] prep&pron 957 till [til] prep&pron958 college ['kɔlidʒ] n959 farming ['fɑ:miŋ] n960 somebody ['sʌmbədi] pron 961 nobody ['nəubɔdi] pron 962 shall [ʃæl] v963 zoo [zu:] n964 nothing ['nʌθiŋ] pron965 dolphin ['dɔlfin] n966 show [ʃəu] n&v967 gate [geit] n968 land [lænd] n969 just [dʒʌst] adv970 grass [grɑ:s] n971 dangerous ['deindʒərəs] adj972 panda ['pændə] n973 lion ['laiən] n974 elephant ['elifənt] n975 monkey ['mʌŋki] n976 tiger ['taigə] n977 deer [diə] (pl.deer) n978 snake [sneik] n979 rabbit ['ræbit] n980 duck [dʌk] n 981 fox [fɔks] n 982 horse [hɔ:s] n983 bear [bɛə] n984 cage [keidʒ] n985 should [ʃud]v.aux)986 forest ['fɔrist] n987 feel [fi:l] v988 if [if] conj989 fall [fɔ:l] v990 climb [klaim] v991 finish ['finiʃ] v992 cinema ['sinimə] n993 seafood ['sifu:d] n994 twentieth ['twentiiθ] num995 baby ['beibi] n996 back [bæk] n997 place [pleis] n998 twenty-first [,twenti'fə:st]num 999 bank [bæŋk] n1000 theatre(theater['θiətə])['θiətə]n 1001 bookshop ['bukʃɔp] n1002 toilet ['tɔilit] n1003 museum [mju:'ziəm] n1004 front [frʌnt] adj & n1005 in front of phr.1006 left [left] n & adj1007 right [rait] n & adj 1008 side [said] n1009 on the left/right side phr. 1010 all the same phr.1011 need [ni:d] v1012 ask for phr.1013 along [ə'lɔŋ] prep1014 road [rəud] n1015 turn [tə:n] v1016 turning ['tə:niŋ] n1017 metre ['mi:tə] n1018 kilometre ['kilə,mi:tə] n1019 had better (do) phr.1020 coin [kɔin] n1021 keep [ki:p] v1022 as [æz] conj1023 moment ['məumənt] n1024 tell [tel] v1025 street [stri:t] n1026 next to ['nekst tə] phr.1027 around [ə'raund] prep1028 lift [lift] n1029 up and down phr.1030 busy ['bizi] adj1031 team [ti:m] n1032 centre ['sɛntɚ] (center ['sentə]) n 1033 popular ['pɔpjulə] adj1034 soccer ['sɔkə] n1035 quite [kwait] adv1036 month [mʌnθ] n1037 village ['vilidʒ] n1038 strong [strɔŋ] adj1039 was [wɔz] v1040 yesterday ['jestədi] n & adv 1041 November [nəu'vembə] n1042 ill [il] adj1043 hope [həup] v1044 composition [,kɔmpə'ziʃən]n 1045 remember [ri'membə] v 1046 were [wə:] v1047 bit [bit] n1048 a bit [ə'bit] phr.1049 healthy ['helθi] adj1050 grow up ['grəu ʌp] phr.1051 visit ['vizit] v1052 ago [ə'gəu] adv1053 the day before yesterday phr. 1054 enjoy [in'dʒɔi] v1055 world [wə:ld] n1056 at the same time phr. 1057 a moment ago phr.1058 just now phr.1059 reply [ri'plai] n & v1060 by the way phr.1061 match [mætʃ] n1062 cold [kəuld] adj1063 drive [draiv] v1064 plan [plæn] n1065 diary ['daiəri] n1066 make telephone calls phr. 1067 go out phr.1068 India ['indiə] n1069 went [went] v1070 rain [rein] v1071 rained v1072 memory ['meməri] n1073 pack [pæk] v1074 everything ['evriθiŋ] pron 1075 umbrella [ʌm'brelə] n1076 dry [drai] adj1077 newspaper ['nju:z,peipə] n 1078 paper ['peipə] n1079 morning paper n1080 at breakfast phr.1081 say goodbye to phr.1082 useful ['ju:sfəl] adj1083 scientist ['saiəntist] n1084 invent [in'vent] v1085 all the time [,ɔ:l ðə 'taim] phr. 1086 always ['ɔ:lweiz] adv1087 everywhere['evrihwɛə]adv 1088 born [bɔ:n]v1089 be born phr.1090 May [mei] n1091 move [mu:v] v1092 understand [,ʌndə'stænd] v 1093 so-so['səusəu]adj(口语) 1094 at first phr.1095 most [məust] pron1096 luck [lʌk] n1097 April ['eiprəl] n1098 hate [heit] v1099 fly [flai] v1100 painting ['p eintiŋ] n1101 airport ['ɛəpɔ:t] n1102 Swedish ['swi:diʃ] adj1103 rock [rɔk] n1104 band [bænd] n1105 concert ['kɔnsət] n1106 give a concert phr.1107 tonight [tə'nait] adv & n 1108 singer ['siŋə] n1109 journalist ['dʒə:nəlist] n 1110 famous ['feiməs] adj1111 Sweden ['swi:dən] n1112 song [sɔŋ] n。

笔译常用词汇（文化<汉译英〉）除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve八卦 Eight Trigram风水 fengshui/geomancy华表 cloud pillar; ornamental column还愿 redeem a wish兼爱 discriminate love礼制 ethical codes农历 Chinese lunar calendar气节 moral integrity谥号 temple title姻缘 prefixed fate of marriage五经 Five Classics中和 harmony《国策》Discourses of the States《史记》Records of the Historian《离骚》Sorrow after Departure《左传》The Spring and Autumn Annals八股文 eight-legged; official stereotyped writing本命年one’s animal year道德观 moral outlook端午节 Dragon Boat Festival翰林院 Imperial Academy和为贵 harmony is most precious礼之本 essence of the rites年夜饭 family reunion dinner仁之本 the foundation of harmony文化界 cultural circles孝与敬 filial piety and reverence压岁钱 red envelope/money given to children as a lunar New Year gift中山装 Chinese tunic suit/Mao suit重阳节 the Double Ninth Festival《道德经》Tao Te Ching/Classic of the Way of Virtue《弟子规》Disciples Regulation《百家姓》 Pamphlet of Chinese Surnames/Book of （China’s) Family Names《战国策》Strategies of the Warring States道法自然 Tao models itself after nature博大精深 broad and profound出土文物 unearthed relics传统美德 traditional virtues传统文化 traditional culture风土人情 local conditions and customs刚柔并济 combination of softness and hardness和谐文化 harmonious culture厚德载物 great virtue promotes growth皇城根儿 the foot of the imperial city精神文明 spiritual civilization; advanced culture and ethics敬老慈幼 respect the old and love the young孔孟之道 Confucius-Mencius doctrines孔子学院 Confucius Institute礼乐文化 rites and music culture礼仪之邦 a land of ceremony and decorum礼义廉耻 Courtesy， Justice， Integrity and Sense of Shame 龙的传人 the generation of dragon民本思想 populist ideas民间文化 folk culture民俗庙会 temple fair of folk custom民族文化 national culture民族自豪 national pride墨家学派 the Mohist school内外兼修 whole care隋唐佛学 The Buddhist philosophy during Sui and Tang dynasties天干地支 Heavenly Stems and Earthy Branches天人合一 unity of man and nature天下为公 the world or country for all文化宝藏 cultural treasures文化产业 cultural industry农耕文化 farming culture善养浩气 skillful in nourishing virtual force慎言敏行 diligent in duties and careful in speech十二生肖 Chinese Zodiac思维方式 the way of thinking文化创新 cultural innovation文化视点 cultural perspective文化需求 cultural needs文化摇篮 cradle of culture文化遗迹 cultural relics文化重建 cultural reconstruction文化自觉 cultural awareness无为而治 letting nature take its own course/govern by noninterference乡土文化 native culture炎黄子孙 a Chinese descendant/the Chinese nation以德行仁 practice humanity with virtue源远流长 have a long history中国意识 Chineseness中国元素China’s elements中庸之道 doctrine of the mean二十四节气 24 solar terms民间工艺品 fold arts and crafts文化多样性 cultural diversification文化软实力 cultural soft power传统文化知识 traditional cultural know-how对外文化贸易 international cultural trade思想道德建设 raise ideological and ethical standards《四库全书》Complete Works of Chinese Classics文化产业基地 cultural industrial base文化传播渠道 channels of cultural transmission文化创意产业 cultural creative industry文化体制改革 reform of cultural administrative system；cultural restructuring骨干文化企业 leading/key cultural enterprises文化资源整合 integration of cultural resources新兴文化业态 emerging cultural formats改造落后的文化 transform the backward culture世界文化遗产地 world cultural heritage site弘扬民族优秀文化 advance and enrich the fine cultural heritage of the nation文化下乡长效机制 long—term mechanism for developing culture in rural areas重大文化产业项目 major cultural industrial projects国家一类文物保护单位 cultural relics (units） under first-grade state吸收外国文化有益成果 absorb the achievements of foreign cultures修身、齐家、治国、平天下 self—cultivation， a well-managed family， and the abilityto administer the state and to bring peace to the nation 中华民族的传统文化、博大精深，源远流长。

一、专业词汇英译中（加粗为复习重点）anchored instruction 抛锚式教学case-study 案例chunk 大块，矮胖的人或物，组块，信息块cognitive map 认知地图cognitive structure 认知结构collaborative adj.合作的，协作的collaborative learning environment 协作学习环境commentary n.注释，评述，实况报道community 社区，共同体community of practice 实践共同体compact adj.紧凑的，紧密的；vt. 使坚实compatibility 兼容性compatibility n. 共存，相容，[计]兼容性complementary adj. 互补的，补充的Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL)计算机支持的合作学习computer-based training 计算机辅助训练concerted action 协同动作，协调行动correspondence education 函授教育，第一代远程教育curriculum n.(复数curricula) 课程decision-making 决策digital native 数字原住民direct satellite broadcasts DBS 直播卫星discipline n.纪律, 学科disciplined inquiry 学科探究distance education 远程教育distinguish from 区别，识别e-learning 数字化学习ethicaladj.与伦理有关，道德的(尤其职业道德的)，民族的experiential learning 经验学习，实践学习fill in the gap 填补空白，弥补不足Gigabyte [GB,千兆]字节，terabytes 1024G homogeneous adj. 由同类组成的，同质的humanistic education 人本主义教育in conjunction with 与…一起，共同in light of 按照，根据in the context of 在…情况下，在…背景下information streams 信息流infrastructure n.基础结构，基础设施inquiry learning 探究性学习Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)电子电气工程师学会instructional interventions 教学介入或干预instructional system design 教学系统设计instructional system development 教学系统开发Internet nessaging 互联网消息接发（如飞信）knowledge aggregation 知识集成learning management system 学习管理系统Learning Technology Standards Committee (LTSC) 学习技术标准委员会lifelong learning 终身学习literary criticism n. 文学评论，文艺评论live data feed 实时数据更新mental model 心理模式mental representation 心理表征meta-cognitive adj.元认知的micro-content 微内容MMS (Multimedia Message Service) 多媒体信息服务multimedia presentation system 多媒体播放系统Multiple Intelligence 多元智能multiple intelligences 多元智能n gen (net generation) 网络一代novice n.新手，初学者obsolete adj. 已过时的，废弃的，不再用的ontology n.本体, 本体论(事物的本体) performance measurement 性能测定，业绩评价personal digital assistants (PDAs) 个人数字助理，掌上电脑pivotal adj.枢轴的(中枢的)，关键的portfolio 文档资料，文件夹，档案袋e-portfolio 电子档案post-modernism 后现代主义problem-based learning 基于问题的学习qualitative adj.性质上的，定性的quantitative adj.数量的，定量的random access 随机存取，随机检索reflection n.沉思，反思，回忆，反射reflective adj.反思的，沉思的Resource-Based Learning Environments基于资源的学习环境rubric 评价量规，标准scaffolding n. 脚手架，搭脚手架用的材料search engine 搜索引擎self-assessment n.自测，自我评估Sesame Street 芝麻街（美国著名儿童教育电视片smart-phone n.智能手机SMS (Short Message Service) 手机短信服务snapshot n.快照，急射，简单印象social book-marking 社会性书签social software 社会性软件sociolinguistics n. 社会语言学spiral organization 螺旋形的组织stem from 源自，来源于，由某事物造成synchronous adj.同时的, [物] 同步的asynchronous 异步的syndication system 联合推送系统the Zone of Proximal Development 最近发展区trade-off 交易，折衷，权衡，协调visualization n.可见的，可视的、形象化WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) 无线应用协议weblog 网络日志Wi-Fi （Wireless Fidelity) 无线高保真wiki 维基, 一种多人协作的写作工具二、完形填空1、（） maintains that real world contexts imbedded in educational media serve as anchors of learning in the sense that learners construct knowledge while solving the subsequent problems. The theory was developed by the Cognition & Technology Group with John Bransford's lead.抛锚式教学理论Anchored Instruction Theory主张嵌入在教育媒体的现实世界背景作为学习的锚，因为学习者在解决相关问题时可以建构知识。

初中7-9年级单词1.hello2.class3.my5.is6.Miss7.good8.morning9.good morning10.afternoon11.good afternoon12.goodbye13.I14.am I’m=I am15.Mr16.what17.your18.please19.sorry20.can21.you22.spell23.it24.yes25.thank26.how27.are28.fine29.thanks30.Mrs31.too32.this33.she34.teacher35.friend36.her37.his38.nice39.to40.meet41.time42.go43.now44.bye45.see46.tomorrow47.sit 48.down49.sit down50.open51.book52.listen53.draw54.put55.up56.hand57.stand58.stand up59.close60.new61.student62.here63.in64.one65.two66.three67.four68.five69.six70.seven71.eight72.nine73.ten74.telephone75.number76.old77.how old78.twelve79.eleven80.thirteen81.fourteen82.fifteen83.sixteen84.seventeen85.eighteen86.nineteen87.twenty88.boy89.girl90.desk91.chair92.bag93.in94.English95.in English a96.write97.on98.the99.blackboard 100.OK101.pen102.no103.pencil104.do105.bird106.cat107.dog108.flower109.help110.me111.of112.course113.of course 114.classroom 115.know116.say117.that118.again119.wele120.You’re wele 121.black122.blue123.green124.yellow125.red126.brown127.orange128.colour129.and130.day131.today132.Monday133.Tuesday 134.Wednesday 135.Thursday 136.Friday137.Saturday 138.Sunday139.birthday 140.favourite 141.spring 142.summer143.autumn144.winter145.warm146.hot147.cool148.cold149.weather150.like151.London152.basketball 153.football154.swimming155.table tennis 156.sport157.let159.let’s = let us 160.play161.after162.school163.idea164.Chinese165.from166.where167.year168.about169.What about 170.Ms171.America172.not173.England174.hi175.American176.our177.grade178.he179.China180.everyone181.capital182.but183.very184.big185.city186.small187.first188.first namestst name 191.all192.aunt193.brother194.cousin195.daughter 196.family197.father198.grandfather 199.grandmother 200.grandparent 201.mother 202.parent203.sister204.son205.uncle206.photo207.these208.they209.mum210.left211.on the left 212.dad213.right214.on the right 215.who216.woman217.next218.next to 219.husband 220.front221.in front of 222.those223.bus224.station 225.hospital 226.hotel227.police228.theatre 229.actor230.driver231.manager 232.nurse233.policeman 234.we235.an236.job 237.at里238.same239.doctor 240.farm241.worker 242.man243.shop244.its245.their246.puter247.furniture 248.map249.picture 250.television 251.wall252.thirty 253.forty254.fifty255.sixty256.seventy 257.eighty 258.ninety 259.really 260.many261.how many 262.there263.lot264.a lot of 265.oh266.any267.world268.tree269.building 270.hall271.dining hall 272.gate273.library 274.office 275.playground 276.science b278.behind 279.between 280.middle281.near282.for283.room284.food285.drink286.candy287.fruit288.meat289.vegetable 290.apple291.bean292.beef293.carrot 294.chicken 295.chocolate 296.coffee 297.cola298.juicek300.potato 301.tea302.tomato 303.water304.shop305.go shopping 306.have307.get308.have got 309.some310.much311.too much 312.kind313.lots of 314.so315.how about 316.has)317.bad318.healthy 319.delicious 320.bread321.fish322.hamburger 323.ice cream 324.noodle325.rice326.sugar327.children 328.be good for 329.sweet330.be bad for 331.right332.egg333.eye334.cheese335.tooth336.bit337.a bit338.tired339.soup340.important 341.remember 342.well343.stay344.fat345.get fat 346.or347.breakfast 348.lunch349.home350.dinner351.banana352.buy353.half354.past355.o’clock 356.to357.art358.geography 359.history360.IT361.maths362.PE363.lesson364.then365.like366.difficult 367.love368.subject369.because370.interesting 371.talk372.begin373.when374.go to school 375.weekday376.get up377.have breakfast378.house379.start380.work [381.break 382.have lunch 383.go home 384.evening 385.watch386.have dinner 387.do388.homework 389.bed390.go to bed 391.sleep392.go to sleep 393.park394.busy395.wash396.face397.minute 398.Revision A 399.grandma 400.grandpa 401.him402.want403.make404.kitchen 405.farmer 406.week407.read408.story409.live410.bear411.elephant 412.giraffe 413.lion414.monkey 415.panda416.tiger417.zebra418.zoo419.guide420.animal 421.such422.as423.such as 424.e 425.e from426.different427.country428.other429.dangerous430.ugh431.also432.plant433.look434.look at435.tall436.leave437.sure438.bamboo439.cute440.shall441.them442.which443.over444.there445.over there446.funny447.call448.Africa450.Europe451.little452.a little453.only [454.about455.kilo456.people457.all over the world 458.Africa459.as well as460.grassrgeually463.alone464.be good at465.strong466.catch467.many kinds of 468.even469.keyboard470.mouse471.screen472.connect 473.turn474.turn on 475.learn 476.document 477.click e479.save480.box481.finally 482.print 483.paper 484.share 485.Australia 486.pany487.often 488.customer 489.internet 490.check 491.train 492.travel 493.plan494.ticket 495.music 496.movie497.night 498.search rmation 500.email 501.send502.game503.sometimes 504.cinema 505.clothes) 506.visit 507.holiday 508.card509.party 510.present 511.would 512.always 513.great cake 514.never 515.special 516.cut517.give518.sing 519.happy520.secret521.ha ha522.CD523.concert524.magazine 525.scarf526.silk527.dress528.T-shirt529.choose530.exercise 531.wear532.expensive 533.shoe534.spend535.money536.film537.song538.match539.weekend540.at weekends 541.dear542.hear543.hear from 544.afraid545.I’m afraid 546.can’t=cann ot 547.postcard 548.call549.lie550.sun551.line552.take553.take photos 554.wait555.wait for 556.walk557.trip558.few559.a few560.sale561.on sale562.enjoy563.anyway564.back565.go back566.drive567.off568.get off 569.hot dog 570.leave571.restaurant 572.moment573.place574.thing575.most)576.still577.star578.run579.studyntern 581.dragon582.dance583.clean584.sweep585.floor586.cook587.meal588.speak589.happen590.ready591.get ready for 592.festival 593.quite594.at the moment 595.beautiful 596.at work 597.away598.put away 599.hard600.join601.hurry602.hurry up 603.Christmas 604.February 605.January 606.before607.sweep away 608.luck609.table610.celebrate 611.traditional 612.dumpling 613.programme614.sweater615.coat616.mean617.lucky618.merry619.Merry Christmas 620.tell621.think622.七年级(下)词汇表623.crayon624.eraser625.glove626.wallet627.watch628.whose629.first of all630.lose631.find632.lost and found box 633.mine634.yours635.tape636.purple637.hers638.careful639.be careful with、640.on641.from now on642.here is / are 、、、643.camera644.phone645.mobile phone646.lost and found office 647.in a hurry648.leave649.plane650.taxi651.why652.airport653.hundred654.hundreds of655.look for656.thousand657.strange658.boat659.duck660.pig661.sausage662.play663.tennis664.piano665.ride666.club667.term668.board669.would like670.well671.all672.that's all673.worry674.worry about675.teach676.then677.monitor678.start679.get on well with sb、680.ready681.ready to do sth、682.promise683.fast684.fit685.just686.ball687.game688.team689.best690.score691.tidy692.sure693.everybody694.just like695.beautiful696.fly697.kite698.swim699.go over700.picnic701.housework702.on prep、703.else704.nobody705.at706.nothing707.silly708.fantastic709.forward710.look forward to 711.fan712.make friends713.shirt714.cheer715.player716.hope717.win718.enjoy oneself 719.myself720.during721.May722.May Dayte724.walk725.take a walk 726.country727.second728.collect729.litter730.fun731.summer holiday 732.camp733.Australian 734.sightseeing 735.go sightseeing 736.beach737.early738.chalk739.ruler740.carry741.change742.everything743.future744.in the future 745.life746.need747.will748.maybe749.ask750.question751.by752.level753.able754.be able to755.more756.not 、、、any more 757.freend759.machine760.rain761.robot762.sea763.space764.traffic765.jam766.traffic jam 767.wind768.true769.e true770.here is / are、、、771.bike772.car773.cheap774.everywhere775.not only 、、、but also 、、、776.into777.long778.heavy779.light780.easy781.working782.hour783.short784.rise785.as well786.market787.supermarket788.biscuit789.lemon790.strawberry791.Mother's Day792.size793.take794.may795.try796.try on797.certainly798.wait a minute799.sale800.price801.look802.fresh803.advantage804.anyone805.anything806.anywhere807.pare808.pay809.post810.product811.receive812.safe813.several814.online815.shopping816.way817.one of818.almost819.somethingter821.open822.out823.go out824.over one day825.one826.bank 827.museum828.along829.across830.cross831.opposite832.tourist833.excuse834.excuse me 835.street836.turn837.third838.guidebook 839.bookshop840.right841.Why not、、、? 842.could843.underground 844.take;845.tour846.square847.middle848.famous849.painting850.fr o m851.metre852.above853.river854.clear855.bridge856.railway857.past858.church859.finish860.high861.post office 862.up、863.down864.stop865.Revision A 866.horse867.born868.strict869.friendly870.primary871.primary school 872.town874.hey875.village876.nice877.good878.difficult 879.bathroom880.bedroom881.garden882.living room 883.east884.coast885.ago886.store887.movie theater 888.bored889.president 890.fortablekest893.yesterday 894.hair895.gold896.forest897.once898.upon899.once upon a time 900.decide901.go for a walk 902.basket903.notice904.all alone905.dark906.pick907.pick up908.soon909.lost910.around911.little912.towards913.knock914.door915.answer916.push917.enter918.bowl919.hungry920.right921.finish922.either923.piece924.in pieces925.asleep926.return927.cry928.at first929.point930.point at931.shout932.jump933.without934.part 935.March936.April937.June938.Women's Day 939.National Day 940.Children's Day 941.July942.August943.September944.October945.November946.December947.writer948.find out949.real950.at the age of 951.newspaper952.exact953.date954.bee955.in the s956.play957.poem958.marry959.successful 960.work961.build962.on963.fire964.die965.richnguage967.around the world 968.young969.Pacific970.guess971.excited972.wow973.arrive974.relax975.world-famous 976.French977.sell978.top979.till980.ligh t981.on982.wonderful 983.palace984.bow985.kiss986.shake987.shake hands 988.smile989.British990.German991.Japanese992.visitor993.Russia994.what995.nod996.head997.hug998.each999.each other1000.India1001.together 1002.Maori1003.touch1004.nose1005.finger1006.foot1007.knee1008.leg1009.mouth1010.body1011.foreign1012.North American 1013.personal 1014.arm1015.arm in arm 1016.South American 1017.hold1018.move1019.Britain1020.not at all 1021.polite1022.somewhere 1023.wave1024.fact1025.in fact1026.rude1027.bring1028.lively1029.modern1030.noisy1031.pop1032.rock1033.sound1034.violin1035.western 1036.hmm1037.by1038.through1039.both1040.opera1041.voice1042.drum 1043.believe1044.musician1045.centre1046.European1047.classical1048.century1049.poser1050.elder1051.waltz1052.dance music1053.another1054.piece1055.poor1056.perfect1057.sad1058.Revision B1059.slow1060.feel1061.ship1062.八年级上册英语单词表1063.pair1064.correct1065.spelling1066.word1067.practise1068.match1069.meaning1070.plete1071.sentence1072.dictionary1073.grammar1074.letter1075.look up1076.mistake1077.make a mistake 1078.understand1079.advice1080.should1081.possible1082.write down1083.notebook1084.forget1085.pronounce1086.aloud1087.radio1088.pronunciation 1089.key1090.main1091.excellent1092.agree1093.agree with1094.vocabulary1095.ask for1096.improve1097.basic1098.time1099.advise1100.shy1101.conversation 1102.quickly1103.natural1104.suggest1105.place1106.hill1107.population1108.widelion1110.pretty1111.pretty good1112.than1113.get1114.north south 1115.west1116.home town 1117.especially1118.be famous for 1119.university1120.island1121.area1122.low1123.mountain1124.countryside 1125.umbrella1126.baseball1127.volleyball1128.boring1129.exciting1130.relaxing1131.score1132.already1133.matter1134.What’s the matter？1135.hurt1136.enjoyable1137.Olympics1138.stadium1139.miss 1140.mind1141.plenty 1142.plenty 1143.beat1144.careless 1145.cheer 、、、 on 1146.coach1147.fan club 球迷1148.against prep、1149.train1150.practice 1151.warm1152.warm up ual1154.better1155.after-school 1156.pleased 1157.pass1158.pity1159.chance1160.loudly1161.confident 1162.road1163.accident 1164.except prep、1165.choice 1166.classmate 1167.far1168.far from 1169.close1170.crowded 1171.all the time 1172.journey 1173.book1174.park1175.outside prep、1176.however adv 1177.cost1178.actress 1179.teahouse 1180.offer1181.end1182.in the end 1183.no idea1184.act1185.show1186.mon1187.twentieth 1188.describe 1189.society 1190.head teacher 1191.college 1192.novel 1194.if1195.magic 1196.snake 1197.neck 1198.*thin 1199.danger 1200.in danger 1201.at last 1202.interested 1203.allow 1204.think of 1205.protect 1206.wild 1207.grow1208.take away 1209.enough 1210.peace 1211.in peace 1212.notice 1213.look after 1214.raise 1215.research 1216.*baby 1217.situation 1218.scientist 1219.produce 1220.southwest 1221.in order to ernment 1223.seta)set up 1224.naturea)nature park 1225.develop 1226.feed 1227.symbol 1228.fall 1229.follow 1230.hole1231.rabbit 1232.ssh int、1233.ground 1234.tea party 1235.twice 1236.once or twice 1237.suddenly 1238.pink1239.pocket 1240.field 1241.think about 1242.deep1243.while nd1245.pale1246.appear 1247.round 1248.corner 1249.hit1250.glad1251.in time 1252.fall off 、、、1253.risk1254.attention 1255.pay attention 1256.side1257.side by side 1258.bite1259.climb 1260.hide1261.throw 1262.fridge 1263.pain1264.worse 1265.medicine 1266.noise1267.prepare 1268.notes1269.report 1270.grow1271.huge1272.cause 1273.problem 1274.increase 1275.birth n、1276.billion num、1277.fifth num、1278.hang on1279.flat1280.rubbish1281.quiet1282.local1283.close down 1284.*pupil1285.pollution 1286.public1287.service1288.sovle1289.cloud1290.shower1291.*snow1292.storm1293.*cloudy1294.rainy1295.snowy1296.*sunny1297.*windy1298.skate1299.thick1300.ice1301.joke1302.might1303.temperature 1304.minus1305.degree1306.although1307.wet1308.neither1309.terrible1310.wish1311.problem1312. e one1314.round1315.northwest 1316.southeast 1317.from time to time 1318.*cap1319.chess1320.set1321. a chess set 1322.chopstick 1323.toy1324.video1325.video game 1326.gift1327.surprise1328.immediately1329.difference1330.accept1331.tradition1332.example1333.for example1334.must1335.*month1336.serious1337.taste1338.experience1339.stay1340.someone1341.for the first time 1342.sandwich1343.chip1344.fish and chips1345.onto1346.gentleman1347.shoulder1348.broken1349.glass1350.stairs1351.aid1352.fist aid1353.medical1354.imagine1355.bottom1356.at the bottom of 、、、1357.*wrong1358.What’s wrong with、、、？1359.trouble1360.lift1361.lift up1362.harmful1363.drop1364.training1365.make sure1366.cover1367.earthquake1368.warn1369.inside1370.prep、1371.under prep、1372.window1373.keep1374.clear1375.keep clear of1376.calm1377.brave1378.helpful1379.power1380.八年级英语下册英语单词1381.smell1382.soft1383.sour1384.cookie1385.mm int、1386.pizza1387.lovely1388.done1389.try1390.have a try1391.pie n、1392.sound1393.sweet tooth1394.salt n1395.jam1396.*for prep、1397.*favourite1398.*ear1399.jeans1400.nervous1401.fair1402.pretty1403.proud1404.be proud of、、、1405.stranger1406.message1407.sb、can’t wait 1408.hobby 、1409.at school1410.*in prep、1411.mark1412.*love1413.ever adv、1414.enter v1415.petition n、1416.prize n、1417.first prize1418.dream1419.afford1420.write about1421.make up1422.invite1423.move 1424.send1425.Germany1426.France1427.tower1428.ancient1429.king1430.queen1431.Arabic1432.way1433.mix1434.miss1435.count1436.count down 1437.earth1438.*moon1439.news1440.planet1441.reach1442.yet1443.just1444.model1445.spaceship 1446.project1447.no problem test1449.*on prep、1450.discover 1451.astronaut 1452.space travel 1453.none pron、1454.environment 1455.*that pron、1456.solar adj、1457.system1458.solar system 1459.group1460.galaxy1461.universe 1462.*light1463.impossible adj、1464.out1465.municate 1466.cough1467.fever1468.headache1469.stomach1470.ache1471.stomach ache 1472.toothache 1473.*ill adj、1474.*this porn、1475.since prep、1476.cold n、1477.catch a cold1478.take1479.take sb、’s temperature 1480.fast food1481.health1482.*well1483.heart1484.active1485.pet1486.member1487.take part1488.condition1489.in excellent condition 1490.sleepy1491.*then1492.daily1493.weak1494.illness1495.*exercise1496.awful adj、1497.feel awful1498.all over1499.perhaps1500.handsome1501.smart1502.sky1503.fight1504.cool1505.hero1506.humorous1507.can’t help doing sth、ugh1509.*lesson1510.orange-and-white adj、1511.ugly adj、1512.win the heart of sb、1513.schoolbag n、1514.lead1515.*clever1516.as1517.mess1518.heaven1519.expect1520.artist1521.invent1522.copy1523.black-and-white1524.own adj、1525.private1526.create1527.satisfy 1528.fan1529.stamp1530.tidy up1531.shelf1532.have a look1533.as prep、1534.coin1535.note1536.pound1537.dollar1538.must1539.valuable、1540.with prep、1541.value1542.just1543.person)1544.interest1545.skill1546.activity1547.sailing1548. e out1549.result1550.as a result1551.pleasure1552.success1553.list1554.make a list1555.crazy1556.at the end of、、、1557.shorts1558.*trousers1559.sunglasses1560.homestay1561.weigh、1562.total1563.weight1564.passport1565.culture1566.at the same timest1568.depend1569.depend on1570.provide1571.test1572.progress n1573.guest1574.daily life1575.form1576.friendship1577.stay in touch (with sb、) 1578.prefer1579.certain1580.fill1581.fill out1582.hardly1583.take up)1584.point out 1585.sights1586.thirsty1587.at the top of、、、1588.waste1589.square1590.kilometre1591.shape1592.human1593.wake1594.wake sb、 up 1595.somebody pron、1596.about1597.path1598.pull1599.freshwater 1600.helpline1601.separate1602.explain1603.mention1604.refuse1605.treat1606.herself pron、1607.whether conj 1608.lonely1609.regret1610.patient1611.introduce 1612.encourage1613.join in1614.no problem 1615.silence1616.in silence 1617.pass1618.bright1619.treasure1620.day by day 1621.trust1622.include1623.circle1624.stick1625.glue1626.suggestion 1627.director1628.show1629.around1630.show sb、 around 1631.on air 1632.avoid1633.background1634.national1635.international 1636.presenter1637.interview1638.seem1639.listener1640.in person1641.part-time1642.article1643.studio1644.purpose1645.九年级英语上册单词表1646.man-made1647.natural1648.wonder1649.discussion1650.eastern1651.though1652.loud1653.wow1654.opinion1655.in one's opinion 1656.more than1657.electricitylions of1659.below1660.shine1661.sign1662.silent1663.silver1664.sky1665.grey1666.go through1667.beside1668.reply1669.clea1670.fall away1671.stream1672.nearly1673.on top of1674.canyon1675.remain1676.by1677.found1678.since then1679.flag1680.until1681.off1682.all kinds of 1683.vacation[ 1684.take a vacation 1685.season1686.kid1687.have fun1688.band1690.as soon as…1691.fourth[1692.sixth1693.seventh1694.eighth1695.ninth1696.tenth1697.twelfth1698.twentieth1699.among1700.speech1701.pioneer1702.grow1703.corn1704.followingyy the table 1707.over1708.dish1709.parade1710.ourselves 1711.including1712.medal1713.attend1714.abroad1715.once again 1716.doctor1717.degree1718.whatever1719.give up1720.amazing1721.will1722.victory1723.simply1724.Canadian1725.sick1726.soldier 1727.treat1728.war1729.wound1730.die for1731.wounded1732.realise1733.dying1734.care1735.take care of 1736.tool1737.invention1738.at that time 1739.on one's own eful1741.rest1742.himself1743.manage1744.operation 1745.continue1746.die of1747.Canada1748.platform1749.meeting1750.miss1751.shut1752.lock1753.simple1754.anybody1755.clock1756.ring1757.passenger 1758.address1759.text1760.text message 1761.couple个1762. a couple of 1763.actually1764.manage1765.unhappy1766.turn off1767.order1768.be worried about 1769.business1770.on business 1771.sofa1772.snack1773.midnight1774.wake up1775.hand in1776.empty1777.unable1778.all day long1779.burn1780.cup1781.task1782.upstairs1783.exhibition1784.rule1785.against the rules 1786.in trouble1787.tail1788.rope1789.entry1790.No entry1791.no good1792.no wonder1793.missing1794.downstairs1795.punish1796.munications1797.physics1798.chemistry1799.dig)1800.coal1801.energe1802.X-ray1803.experiment1804.sand1805.control1806.truck1807.wheel1808.pare … with …1809.of all ages1810.whole1811.deal1812.exam1813.fail1814.guitar1815.intrument1816.musical1817.habit1818.get into the habit of 1819.schoolwork1820.volunteer 1821.necessary1822.shame1823.instead1824.instead of 1825.munity1826.knowledge1827.point1828.considerst word1830. e round1831.reason1832.try out1833.angry1834.no longer 1835.be angry with sb 1836.repair1837.truth1838.least pron、1839.at least1840.honest1841.apologize1842.bill1843.pocket money 1844.discuss1845.thinker1846.wise1847.review1848.influence1849.sense1850.make sense 1851.by the way 1852.suppose1853.well-known 1854.adventure1855.get into trouble 1856.run away1857.escape1858.cave1859.dead adj、1860.for a time 1861.neighbour1862.funeral1863.surprised1864.alive1865.southern1866.state1867.pay for1868.action1869.everyday 1870.dialogue 1871.stand for 1872.memory1873.point1874.decision 1875.excusenoon 1876.seat1877.no way1878.fair1879.kick1880.mad1881.sportsman 1882.high jump 1883.ability1884.hurdling 1885.sportswoman 1886.race1887.record1888.method1889.hurdles1890.Japan1891.break1892.sportsperson n1894.suffer1895.suffer from … 1896.first place 1897.stop1898.courage 1899.pride1900.take pride in 1901.borrow1902.put up1903.website1904.mail1905.textbook 1906.mainly1907.thousands of 1908.page1909.electronic 1910.technology 1911.powerful 1912.memory1913.full1914.fix 1915.instructions1916.lend1917.properly1918.look through1919.printing1920.at a time1921.by hand1922.development1923.trade1924.result1925.spread1926.in a way1927.pare … to … 1928.introduction1929.amount1930.store1931.varied1932.form1933.connection1934.single1935.direction1936.replace1937.wait and see1938.here we go1939.central1940.according to1941.magical1942.height1943.sailing boat1944.northeast1945.sheep1946.hat1947.keep,1948.keep1949.fly1950.scissors1951.cut sth、 off sth、1952.wool1953.diary1954.keep a diary1955.hate1956.ant1957.brush1958.brush sth、 off sth、1959.at the time1960.be surprised at 1961.period1962.spirit1963.relationship1964.relative1965.ham1966.salad1967.grape1968.surf1969.kangaroo1970.ridingzy1972.ride1973.bet1974.you bet1975.the thing is1976.general1977.standard1978.feeling1979.difficulty1980.subject1981.add1982.recently1983.menu1984.be in with a chance 1985.tonight1986.read out1987.winner1988.pared with1989.even though1990.rush1991.blouse1992.skirt1993.protect sth、 against sth、1994.singer1995.congratulations1996.headmaster1997.present1998.factory1999.pollute2000.recycle2001.waste2002.enemy2003.crop2004.kill2005.oil2006.less2007.hopeless2008.china 2009.divide2010.plastic2011.policy2012.reuse2013.bottle2014.throw away2015.repeat2016.reduce2017.cloth2018.ton2019.tons of2020.rubber2021.recycling2022.rapid2023.step2024.grandson2025.granddaughter 2026.九年级英语下册单词表2027.flight2028.because of2029.direct2030.pilot2031.succeed2032.as long as2033.school-leaver 2034.exactly2035.take care2036.sir2037.officer2038.stupid2039.take off2040.jacket2041.ours2042.tie2043.row2044.pool2045.secondary2046.secondary school 2047.absent2048.bell2049.wealthy2050.feared to2052.wealth2053.double2054.seldom2055.spare。

一般质量词汇(Quality)1ABC analysis2Accelerated life test3Accelerated test4Acceptability criterion5Acceptable limit6Acceptable process7Acceptable quality8Acceptable quality level (AQL)9Acceptable reliability level (ARL)10Acceptance11Acceptance and rejection criteria12Acceptance criteria13Acceptance inspection14Acceptance limit15Acceptance plan16Acceptance procedure17Acceptance product18Acceptance sampling, attribute19Acceptance sampling, variable20Accepting lot21Accuracy22Acronym23Action24Action, corrective25Agreement on verification method 26Allowable percent defective(Acceptable quality level, AQL)27Allowance28American National Standards Institute (ANSI)29American Society for MechanicalEngineers (ASME)30American Society for Quality Control (ASQC)31American Society for Testing andMaterials (ASTM)32American Standard Association (ASA) 33Anti-Static Tray34Anti-Static Tray35Applied statistics36Appraisal cost37Appraisal of quality38Approved Parts List39Approved Vendor List40AQL (Acceptable quality level) 41AQL(Acceptable Quality Level) 42Assignable cause (Special cause) 43Assurance function44Assurance quality45Attribute classification46Attribute data47Attribute inspection48Attribute sampling49Attribute sampling plan50Audit plan51Audit report52Average outgoing quality limit 53Bad lot54Bar chart (diagram)55Bar Code56Batch (Lot)57Batch of material58Batch process59Batch size60Batch testing61Bilateral62BOM(Bill of Materials)63BOM(Bill of Materials)64Brainstorming65Buyer66 C chart67Calibration68Capability69Capability, machine70Capability, process71Capacity72Carton73Carton74Category75Cause and effect diagram76Cause And Effect Diagram77Cause, assignable78Cause, avoidable79Cause, chance80Cause, common81Cause, random82Cause, special83Certification84Certified quality engineer (CQE) 85Certified quality technician (CQT) 86Certified reliability engineer (CRE) 87Characteristic88Characteristic curve, operating (OC 89Characteristic diagram90Characteristic function91Characteristic operating curve (OC 92Characteristic, qualitative93Characteristic, quantitative94Chart95Chart, control96Chart, percent defective97Check Sheets / Tally Charts98Classification of defectives99Classification of defects100Classification of failure101Clearance102Code103Code letter104Coefficient105Commissioning106Commodity107Common cause (Chance cause) 108Company standard109Company-wide quality control 110Complaint111Completed product verification 112Concession; Waiver113Confirmation114Conformance to the requirement 115Conformation116Conforming article117Conformity118Consignment119Consistency120Consumer121Contact, Terminal122Continuous production123Continuous sampling124Contract125Contract requirements126Contractors127Control chart128Control limit129Control limit, lower130Control limit, upper131Control line132Control of nonconforming material 133Control of nonconforming product 134Control of production135Control plan136Control point137Control station138Control, in139Control, out of140Control, under141Controlled process142Corrective action143Cosmetics, Appearance144Cost, appraisal145Cost, external failure146Cost, internal failure147Cost, quality148Cost, rework149Criteria for workmanship150Criteria of Inspection for BatteryAssembly151Criteria of inspection for Plastic parts 152Criterion153Criterion, acceptance154Critical Characteristic155Critical defect156Critical defective157Cumulative frequency158Customer159Customer complaint160Customer requirement161Customer satisfaction162 D chart163Data164Data analysis165Data processing166Data, inspection167Defect168Defect and failure analysis 169Defect chart170Defect Free171Defect, chronic172Defect, critical173Defect, major174Defect, minor175Defect, sporadic176Defective177Defective, fraction178Defects classification179Definition(s)180Delivering181Delivery182Delivery inspection183Delivery quality184Delivery time185Demonstration186Design change187Design control188Design criterion189Design of experiment (DOE) 190Design planning191Design qualification192Design release193Design review194Design specification195Design validation196Design verification197Designed experiment198Deviation199Deviation, standard200Diagram, scatter201Dimension202Disassemble203Discrepant material204Document approval and issue205Document changes and modifications 206Document control207Documentation208Documentation of the quality system 209Double specification210Economic quality211Efficiency212Electrical Test213Element214Engineer, quality215Engineer, quality control216Environment control217Environment test218Environmental stress219Environmental stress screening220Environmental test specification221Environmental testing222Ergonomics223Examination224Experiment, design of225Exterior Carton226Fabricated material227Failure analysis228Failure cause229Feedback230Field data231Field failure data232Field quality233Final Article Inspection234Final design review235Final inspection236Final product specification237Final rejection238Finger Cot239Finished goods lot rejection rate (%) 240First Article241First article(piece) Inspection242Fishbone diagram243Fixture244Flexibility245Flow chart (diagram)246Follow-up247Frequency248Gage (Gauge)249Gage inspection250Gage, block251Glossary252Go253Go and not-go254Gold Sample255Go-no-go256Good lot257Green-dot-label258Guideline(s)259Handling260Hand-sorting method261Histogram262Histogram263Histogram264Histogram, frequency265Historical series266Housing267Human engineering268Humidity269Identification270Identification of inspection and test status271Identification of nonconforming 272Identification stamp273Identify274Improvement Plan275Incoming Inspection276Incoming lot quality277Incoming lot rejection rate (%) 278Incoming material279Incoming material control280Incoming material inspection281Initial failure282In-process inspection283In-Process Inspection284Inspection285Inspection and test record286Inspection and test status287Inspection and Test Status288Inspection by attribute289Inspection by batch290Inspection by variable291Inspection lot292Inspection measuring and test 293Inspection method294Inspection plan295Inspection procedure296Inspection record297Inspection specification298Inspection station299Inspection, 100%300Inspection, curtailed301Inspection, in line302Inspection, in process303Inspection, manual304Inspection, normal305Inspection, original306Inspection, patrol307Inspection, process308Inspection, reduced309Inspection, sampling310Inspection, tightened311Inspector312Inspector, patrol313Inspector, roving314Installation315Interchangeability316Job description317Job rotation318Job shop (vs. Mass production job) 319Job specification320Labeling321Labeling322Lack of control323Learning324Level, acceptable quality (AQL) 325Limit, average outgoing quality 326Limit, control327Limit, specification328Loss of confidence329Lot (Batch)330Lot Control331Lot tolerance percent defective (LTPD) 332Lower control limit (LCL)333Machine capability334Machine capacity335Maintenance336Maintenance337Maintenance records338Major defect339Major defective340Malfunction341Management representative342Management responsibility343Management review344Management system345Man-power346Manual inspection347Manual Soldering348Manufacturability349Manufacturing control350Manufacturing process351Marking352Mass production353Material inventory354Material Review Board (MRB)355Material Review Board(MRB)356Material specification357Mean life358Mean time between failures (MTBF) 359Measurement, system360Minor defect361Minor defective362Minor failure363Monitor364Negative correlation365Nominal dimension366Nominal specification367Non-conformance368Non-conforming article369Non-conforming product370Nonconformity371Nonconformity Analysis372Non-destructive inspection373Non-destructive testing (NDT) 374Non-replacement375Number of defects376Objective377Objective value378One hundred percent inspection 379On-Line QC380OOBA, Out of Box Audits381Operating characteristic curve 382Operation383Operations research (OR)384Operator385Operator control386Outgoing Inspection387Outgoing return rate (PPM)388P chart389P chart390Packaging391Packing List392Pareto analysis393Pareto curve394Pareto diagram395Pareto principle396Parts control397Parts inspection398Patrol inspection399Patrol inspector400Percent defective401Percent defective chart402Pilot plant403Pilot production404Pilot run405Pilot Run406Plan of acceptance407Planning for controlled production 408Power of test (1-β)409Preliminary Review (PR)410Preventive action411Preventive maintenance412Problem solving process (PSP) 413Procedure chart414Process415Process416Process average417Process average fraction defective 418Process average quality419Process capability420Process Capability421Process control422Process Control423Process control chart424Process defect rate (PPM)425Process engineer426Process Flow Chart427Process Flow Chart428Process Improvement429Process inspection430Process modification431Process quality432Process variation433Procurement434Product435Product acceptance436Product assurance437Product engineer438Product specification439Product verification440Production control441Production foreman442Production line443Production permit444Production planning445Production release446Production supervisor447Productivity448Prototype449Purchaser450Purchaser supplied product451Purchasing452QC circle453Qualification454Qualification test455Qualified products list456Quality457Quality assurance (QA)458Quality audit459Quality auditor460Quality awareness461Quality characteristic462Quality consciousness463Quality control (QC)464Quality control engineer465Quality control manual466Quality control, statistical (SQC) 467Quality cost468Quality engineer469Quality improvement470Quality improvement program 471Quality Improvement Project (QIP) 472Quality level473Quality loop474Quality management475Quality manager476Quality manual477Quality objective478Quality policy479Quality responsibility480Quality responsibility and authority 481Quality spiral482Quality surveillance483Quality system audit484Quality system principle485Quality system procedure and 486Quality system requirement487Quality system review488Quality, acceptable489Quality, average outgoing490Quantitative characteristic491Quantity492Range493Raw data494Raw material495Raw material inspection496Reading497Recall498Receiving inspection499Receiving inspection and testing 500Receiving quality record501Reciprocal matrix502Reduced inspection503Reduced testing plan504Reference standard505Region of acceptance506Region of doubt507Region of rejection508Reject limit509Reject lot510Rejectable process level511Rejectable quality level (RQL) 512Rejectance number (Re)513Rejected product514Rejection515Reliability516Reliability analysis517Reliability Test518Repair519Replaceability520Representation sample521Representative sample522Requirement for specifications 523Responsibility524Responsibility and authority 525Resubmitted lots526Reuseable527Review and evaluation of quality management system528Revision529Rework530Rework analysis531Roving inspection532S Chart533Safety534Salt-spray test535Sample536Sample, representative537Sampling538Sampling Inspection539Sampling, acceptance540Scale541Scatter542Scatter diagram543Schedule544Scope545Scrap546Screening547Screening inspection548Screening process549Segregating550Selection of model for quality 551Selection of qualified supplier 552Self Inspection553Sensitivity554Sequence555Sequence556Setup criteria557Shipping558Shock test559Shop operation560Single specification561Size, lot562Size, sample563Sorting inspection564Spare parts565Special process566specification conflict567specification limit568specification limit, double569specification limit, single570specification, nominal571specification, revision of572Standard of Inspection573Standard Repair Procedure (SRP) 574Statistical diagram575Statistical Process Control576Statistical Process Control (SPC) 577Statistical quality control (SQC)578Statistically stable579Stocking580Storage581Stratification582Subcontractor583Supervisor584Supplier585Supplier measurement control 586Suppliers monitoring and control 587Supplies588Surveillance589Symbol590Symbols, glossary of591Technical personnel592Technician593Technology594Temporary standard595Tentative standard596Term597Terminology598Test599Test data600Test equipment601Test method602Test planning603Test procedure604Thermometer chart (Bar chart) 605Tightened inspection606Tolerance607Tolerance, bilateral608Tolerance, unilateral609Tool610Tooling611Top management612Traceability613Traceability of material614Transportation615Trend616Trend chart617Trial lot618Trial production619Trivial many620Trouble shooter621Trouble-shooting622U chart623Uniformity624Unilateral625Upper control limit (UCL)626User instruction627Validity628Value analysis (VA)629Value engineering (VE)630Variable631Variable sampling plan632Variance (σ^2)633Variance, analysis of (ANOVA)634Vendee635Vendor636Vendor quality rating637Vendor rating system638Vendor record card639Verification640Verification inspection641Verification of purchased product 642Vibration test643Visual aid644Visual inspection645Vital few646Waiver647Warranty period648Waste product649Wire Arranging650Work instruction651Work Instruction, Standard Of652Worker653Workmanship654Workmanship655Workmanship Standard for soldering 656Workshop657Yield658Zero defects (ZD)659Zone of acceptance660Zone of rejectionABC 分析加速寿命试验加速试验允收标准允收界限允收制程水平允收品质允收质量水平允收可靠度水平允收，验收允收与拒收准则允收准则验收检验允收界限验收计划验收程序允收品计数值验收抽样计量值验收抽样允收批准确度缩写行动，措施矫正行动（措施）验（查）证方法之协议允收不良率（允收质量水平）允差，裕度美国标准协会美国机械工程师学会美国质量管理学会美国材料试验学会美国标准协会防静电盘防静电盘应用统计学鉴定成本，评估成本质量评估合格物料清单合格供货商名录允收（质量）水平允收质量水平非机遇原因（特殊原因）保证功能保证质量品性分类计数数据计数值检验计数值抽样计数值抽样计划稽核计划稽核报告平均出厂水平坏批条（形）图条形码批材料批分批制造方法批量批试验双边物料清单物料清单脑力激荡法买方; 客户C（管制）图校正能力机器能力制程能力能量， 容量纸箱纸箱类别特性要因图特性要因图非机遇原因可避免原因机遇原因共同原因随机原因特殊原因验证合格质量工程师合格质量技术师合格可靠度工程师（质量）特性操作特性曲线，OC曲线特性要因图特性函数特性操作曲线（OC曲线）质的特性量的特性图，(管制)图管制图不良率管制图查检表不良品分类缺点分类失效分类， 故障分类间隙， 余隙简化， 代号代字系数委制商品共同原因（机遇原因）公司标准全公司质量管理抱怨成品验证特采，特认确认符合要求一致合格品符合委托， 寄售一致性消费者端子连续生产连续抽样合约合约需求合约商管制图管制界限管制下限管制上限管制线不合格物料之管制不合格产品之管制生产管制管制计划管制点管制站在管制（状态）下超出管制在管制（状态）下管制制程矫正行动， 改正措施外观评估（鉴定）成本外部失败成本内部失败成本质量成本重加工成本工作技艺准则电池组装检验规范塑料件检验标准准则， 规范验收准则（规范）重要特性严重缺点严重不良品累积次数客户， 顾客顾客抱怨顾客要求顾客满意度d管制图数据数据分析数据处理检验数据疵病，缺点缺点与失效分析缺点数（管制）图零缺点慢性缺点严重缺点主要缺点次要缺点突发缺点不良品不良率缺点分类定义运送交货，出厂出厂检验出厂品质运送时间示范，验证，展现设计变更设计管制设计准则实验计划设计规画设计之合格性设计发布设计审查设计规格设计确认设计验证，查证实验计划离差标准偏差散布图尺寸拆装不适宜材料文件核发文件变更与修订文件管制文件化，字处理，书面化质量系统文件处理，文件化双边规格经济质量效率电气测试单件，组件质量工程师质量管理工程师环境环境试验环境压力，环境应力环境应力筛选环境试验规格环境试验人因学查验实验计划外箱制程材料故障分析，失效分析故障原因，失效原因回馈实地数据，现场数据现场故障数据，实地失效数据现场品质终检，成品检验最终设计审查最终检验成品规格最终拒收指套成品批退率首件首件检验鱼骨图治具弹性流程图跟催次数，频率量规量规检验块规词汇，术语辞典通过通过及不通过标准样品通过不通过好批绿点标签指导纲要搬运人工分选法直方图历史图直方图次数直方图时间数列外壳人因工程湿度鉴别检验及测试状况识别不合格产品识别证明章，识别章鉴定，鉴别改善计划进料检验进货（批）品质进料批退率进料进料管制进料检验初期故障，初期失效制程中检验制程检验检验检验与试验记录检验与试验状况检验测试状况计数值检验检验批计量值检验检验批检验、量测与试验设备检验方法检验计划检验程序检验记录检验规格检验站100%检验全数检验，100%检验生产在线检验制程中检验人工检验正常检验原始检验巡回检验制程检验减量检验抽样检验加严检验检验员巡回检验员巡回检验员安装交换性工作说明书工作轮调零星生产工作工场（相对于大量生产工作工场）工作规格标识标示缺乏管制烧机测试允收质量水平平均出厂质量界限管制界限丧失信心批批次管制批容许不良（百分）率，拒收水平管制下限机器能力机器能量维护，保养保养，维护维护记录主要缺点主要不良品故障管理代表管理阶层责任管理阶层审查管理系统人力人工检验手焊作业可制造性制造管制制造程序标示大量生产库存物料物料鉴审小组物料鉴审小组材料规格平均寿命平均失效间隔时间，平均故障间隔时间衡量（计测）系统次要缺点次要不良品次要失效监督负相关标称尺寸标称规格不符合不符合品不符合不合格分析非破坏性检验非破坏性试验不可更换缺点数目标目标值全数检验，100%检验（生产）线上品管开箱检验操作特性曲线，OC曲线作业作业研究作业员操作员管制出货检验出货退货率P（管制）图，不良率（管制）图R（管制）图，全距管制图包装包装清单PARETO 分析，柏拉图分析PARETO 曲线，柏拉图曲线PARETO图PARETO 原理，柏拉图原理零件管制零件检验巡回检验巡回检验员不良率不良率（管制）图试验工场试验生产，先导生产试运转试产验收计划管制生产之计划检定力先期审查预防措施（行动）预防保养，预防维护问题解决程序图制（造）程（序）制程制程平均制程平均不良率制程平均质量制程能力制程能力制程管制制程管制制程管制图制程不良率制程工程师制造流程表制造流程图制程改善制程检验制程之修改制程品质制程变异采购产品，乘积，生产产品验收产品保证产品工程师产品规格产品验证生产管制生产领班生产线生产特许生产计划准许生产开始生产现场之主管生产力原型，雏形购买者，采购者采购者提供之产品采购品管圈（小组）合格，认定鉴定试验，合格测试合格产品列表品质质量保证品质稽核品质稽核员质量意识质量特性质量意识质量管理质量管理工程师质量管理手册统计的质量管理质量成本质量工程师质量改进质量改进计划，质量改进方案质量改善项目质量水平品质环圈质量管理，质量经营质量经理品质手册质量目标质量政策，质量方针质量责任品质权责质量螺旋，质量螺线品质监察质量系统稽核品质系统策略质量系统与指导事项（质量系统程序与说质量系统要求质量系统审查允收特性平均出厂质量量的特性数量全距原始数据原料读数收回进料检验接收检验与测试接收检验计划与管制接收质量记录减量试验减量抽样计划参考标准允收区域可疑区域拒收区域拒收界限拒收批拒收制程水平拒收（质量）水平拒收数拒收（产）品拒收可靠度，可靠性可靠度分析信赖性试验修理可更换性代表样品代表性样本规格的要求责任权责覆验批可重复使用质量管理系统之审查与评估修订重作，重加工、返工重加工分析巡回检验S(管制)图，标准偏差（管制）图安全，安全性盐雾试验样本抽样抽样检验验收抽样标度，尺度散布散布图时程表范围废料，废品筛选（剔）筛选检验筛选方法隔离质量保证模式之选择合格供货商之选择自主检查灵敏度序列节次（工厂作业）建立准则出货冲击试验现场作业单边规格批量样本大小选分检验备件特殊制程规格抵触规格界限双边规格界限单边规格界限标称规格规格修订检验标准，检验规范标准维修程序统计图统计化制程管制统计化制程管制统计（的）质量管理统计的稳定入库储存层别法分包商主管，监督员供货商供货商之量测系统供货商监督与管制供应品监督，追查符号符号词汇表技术人员技术员工艺学暂行标准试用标准项目术语检定，试验，测试试验数据检定设备，试验装备检定法（试验方法）试验规画试验程序条图加严检验公差，允差双边公差单边公差工具模具高阶层管理人员可追溯性物料追溯性搬运趋势趋势图试作批试作生产琐细的多数追查员检修，故障排除，问题排除U （管制）图一致性单边管制上限使用说明书有效性价值分析价值工程变数; 计量值计量抽样计划变异数; 二次动差变异数分析买主供货商供货商品质分等供货商分等制度供货商记录卡验证验证检验采购产品之验证震动试验目视教材目视检验重要的少数特采; 特认保证时期; 保用期废品理线工作说明书作业指导书作业员手艺工程技艺手焊锡作业标准工场收率无缺点; 零缺点允收区域拒收区域。

各行业英语用语术语集萃1．教育程度常用词汇：A Useful Glossary for Educational Background(教育程度常用词汇）education 学历educational history 学历educational background 教育程度curriculum 课程major 主修minor 副修educational highlights 课程重点部分curriculum included 课程包括specialized courses 专门课程courses taken 所学课程special training 特别训练social practice 社会实践part-time jobs 业余工作summer jobs 暑期工作vacation jobs 假期工作refresher course 进修课程extracurricular activities 课外活动physical activities 体育活动recreational activities 娱乐活动academic activities 学术活动social activities 社会活动rewards 奖励scholarship 奖学金excellent League member 优秀团员excellent leader 优秀干部student council 学生会off-job training 脱产培训in-job training 在职培训educational system 学制academic year 学年semester 学期（美）term 学期（英）supervisor 论文导师pass 及格fail 不及格marks 分数examination 考试degree 学位post doctorate 博士后doctor(Ph.D) 博士master 硕士bachelor 学士graduate student 研究生abroad student 留学生abroad student 留学生undergraduate 大学肆业生government-supported student 公费生commoner 自费生extern 走读生intern 实习生prize fellow 奖学金生boarder 寄宿生graduate 毕业生guest student 旁听生（英）auditor 旁听生（美）day-student 走读生2．特色中餐英文名豆浆Soybean milk烧饼Clay oven rolls榨菜肉丝面Pork, pickled mustard green noodles 油条Fried bread stick米粉Rice noodles水饺（Boiled）dumplings紫菜汤Seaweed soup馒头steamed buns, steamed bread牡蛎汤Oyster soup饭团Rice and vegetable roll蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup皮蛋100-year egg鱼丸汤Fish ball soup咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg臭豆腐Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu)稀饭Rice porridge油豆腐Oily bean curd白饭Plain white rice虾球Shrimp balls糯米饭Glutinous rice春卷Spring rolls蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg蛋卷Chicken rolls刀削面Sliced noodles肉丸Rice-meat dumplings麻辣面Spicy hot noodles火锅Hot pot乌龙面Seafood noodles3．公司企业常见部门名称英译总公司Head Office分公司Branch Office营业部Business Office人事部Personnel Department(人力资源部)Human Resources Department总务部General Affairs Department财务部General Accounting Department销售部Sales Department促销部Sales Promotion Department国际部International Department出口部Export Department进口部Import Department公共关系Public Relations Department广告部Advertising Department企划部Planning Department产品开发部Product Development Department研发部Research and Development Department(R&D) 秘书室Secretarial Pool4．篮球词汇BASKETBALLBasketball 篮球运动；篮球backboard 篮板backcourt 球场的后场backcourtman 后卫ball control 控球behind-the-back pass 背后传球cornerman 前锋center 中锋charge 撞人chest pass 胸前传球clean shot 空心球cager <美俚>篮球运动员double foul 双方犯规dribble 运球foul shot 罚球free throw 罚球free throw lane 罚球区free throw line 罚球线full-court press 全场紧逼goal 投篮guard 后卫hack 打手犯规5．足球术语中英对照场地名称篇field / pitch 足球场midfield 中场backfield 后场kickoff circle / center circle 中圈halfway line 中线touchline / sideline 边线goal line 球门线end line 底线penalty mark （点球）罚球点penalty area 禁区（罚球区）goal area 小禁区（球门区）球队称谓篇coach 教练head coach 主教练football player 足球运动员referee 裁判lineman 巡边员captain / leader 队长forward / striker 前锋midfielder 前卫left midfielder 左前卫right midfielder 右前卫attacking midfielder 攻击型前卫（前腰）defending midfielder 防守型前卫（后腰）center forward 中锋full back 后卫center back 中后卫left back 左后卫right back 右后卫sweeper 清道夫，拖后中卫goalkeeper / goalie 守门员cheer team 拉拉队足球技术篇kick-off 开球bicycle kick / overhead kick 倒钩球chest-high ball 半高球corner ball / corner 角球goal kick 球门球handball 手球header 头球penalty kick 点球place kick 定位球own goal 乌龙球hat-trick 帽子戏法free kick 任意球direct free kick 直接任意球indirect free kick 间接任意球stopping 停球chesting 胸部停球pass 传球short pass 短传long pass 长传cross pass 横传spot pass 球传到位consecutive passes 连续传球take a pass 接球triangular pass 三角传球flank pass 边线传球lobbing pass 高吊传球volley pass 凌空传球slide tackle 铲球rolling pass / ground pass 地滚球flying header 跳起顶球clearance kick 解围shoot 射门close-range shot 近射long shot 远射offside 越位throw-in 掷界外球block tackle 正面抢截body check 阻挡fair charge 合理冲撞diving header 鱼跃顶球dribbling 盘球，带球clean catching （守门员）接高球finger-tip save （守门员）托救球offside 越位deceptive movement 假动作break through 突破kick-out 踢出界足球战术篇set the pace 掌握进攻节奏ward off an assault 击退一次攻势break up an attack 破坏一次攻势disorganize the defence 搅乱防守total football 全攻全守足球战术open football 拉开的足球战术off-side trap 越位战术wing play 边锋战术time wasting tactics 拖延战术4-3-3 formation 433阵型4-4-2 formation 442阵型beat the offside trap 反越位成功foul 犯规technical foul 技术犯规break loose 摆脱control the midfield 控制中场set a wall 筑人墙close-marking defence 盯人防守比赛方式篇half-time interval 中场休息round robin 循环赛group round robin 小组循环赛extra time 加时赛elimination match 淘汰赛injury time 伤停补时golden goal / sudden death 金球制，突然死亡法eighth-final 八分之一决赛quarterfinal 四分之一决赛semi-final 半决赛final match 决赛preliminary match 预赛one-sided game 一边倒的比赛competition regulations 比赛条例disqualification 取消比赛资格match ban 禁赛命令doping test 药检draw / sortition 抽签send a player off 判罚出场red card 红牌yellow card 黄牌goal 球门，进球数draw 平局goal drought 进球荒ranking 排名（名次）6．化妆瓶标签：Hydratant/Hydra/Moisturize 保湿Hydra-Move 动态保湿Hydra-Balance 平衡保湿Pore Minimizing/Pore Reducer 收缩、细致毛孔Lift/Firming/Contouring 紧实、提拉Sebum/Shine/Brilliance 控制皮脂分泌Nutri/Nutritive/Nourishing 丰富营养、滋润Repair/Anti-Age 修复、抗衰老Exfoliant/Gommage/Scrub 去角质Dual/3D/Multi 两种、三种或多种以上功能Water Proof 防水Soin/Peau/Teint 修饰肤色Anti-Oxidant 抗氧化SPF/PA 防晒指数7．计算机英语名词简释一、著名计算机公司Microsoft:有时缩略为MS，是全球最著名的软件商，美国软件巨头微软公司的名字。

导师的英语表达：supervisor(论文导师）,注意tutor是不对的！tutor在大学里面相当于国内的辅导员，比助教还低一个档次的教师。

sometimes use the word advisor,but supervisor is formal.助教：tutor讲师lecturer教授professor导师supervisor博士生导师：doctoral supervisor或者是PHD supervisor另：博导Ph.D supervisor ; doctoral advisor导师：supervisor，advisor--------------------------------------------------------------------------------来自中国日报常用词汇表－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－常用教育词汇英译人才枯竭exhaustion of human resources辍/失学青少年school dropout/leaver基金会foundation服务性行业service trade在职培训on-the-job/in-service training国际劳工组织International Labor Organization基础科学the fundamentals学分制the credit system三学期制the trimester system双学士制 a double BA degree system主副修制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching,research, and production三结合联合体tripartite complex定向招生students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers包分配guarantee job assignments燎原计划the Prairie Fire Program示范试点demonstration pilot project结合、使加入incorporate动员mobilize税收tax revenue多学科的multi-disciplinary重点大学key university授予（学士）confer被授权be authorized to do博士后科研流动站center for post-doctoral studies专业speciality爱国人士patriotic personage国家发明奖National Invention Prize国家自然科学奖National Prize for Natural Sciences国家科技进步奖National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology学术报告会，专题讨论会symposium记者招待会press conference国家教委主任Chairman of the State Education Commission国家统计局the State Statistical Bureau国家教育经费national expenditure on education财政拨款financial allocation半文盲semiliterate; functional illiterate毕业论文thesis; dissertation毕业实习graduation field work毕业设计graduation design毕业典礼graduation ceremony; commencement毕业证书diploma; graduation certificate毕业鉴定graduation appraisal博士生导师Ph.D advisor; doctoral advisor(supervisor)授予某人学位to confer a degree on sb.升级to be promoted to a higher grade留级to repeat the year's work; to stay down补考make-up examination升学t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade奖学金scholarship（国家）助学金(state)stipend/subsidy领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student学费tuition (fee)伙食费board expenses伙食补助food allowance占百分比account for ...%专任教师full-time teacher资料中心data center国际文化交流intercultural communication教育方针guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。

EDUCATION教育1.Alma Mater 母校2.Bachelor’s degree 学士学位3.college equivalency大学同等学力4.degree 学位5.diploma毕业文凭6.division 分校7.doctoral degree / Ph.D degree博士学位8.eliminate illiteracy扫盲9.intercultural exchange 国际文化交流10.Jurist Master (JM) 法律硕士11.Jurum Doctor (JD) 法学博士12.life-long learning 终身学习13.Master’s degree 硕士学位14.MIT 麻省理工学院15.non-residential college 不提供住宿的大学16.on -job training 在职培训17.open universities (采用电视、广播、函授进行教学的)开放大学18.polytechnic adj./ n. 工艺学校, 工艺的，19.Princeton 美国普林斯顿大学20.qualifying examination 资格考试21.residential college 提供住宿的大学22.school dropout / leaver 辍/失学青少年23.self-discipline 自我约束24.Stanford斯坦福大学25.study by correspondence 通过函授学习26.the Open University, UK （英国）开放大学27.tuition (fee) 学费28.UC Berkeley 加洲伯克利大学29.Univ Edinburgh 爱丁堡大学30.Univ Munich 慕尼黑大学31.Univ Pennsylvania 宾夕法尼亚大学32.Univ Toronto 多伦多大学33.vocational school 职业学校34.1.电视广播大学television and radio broadcasting university2.函授学院correspondence school3.成人夜校night school for adults4.业余艺术/体育学校amateur arts/athletic school5.附中middle / high school affiliated to …6.在职进修班on-job training course7.政治思想教育political and ideological education8.自学成才to become educated through independent study9.奖学金scholarship; fellowship; financial grant10.领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student11.伙食费board expenses12.伙食补助food allowance13.博士生Ph.D candidate14.博士后post–doctoral15.毕业鉴定graduation appraisal16.毕业生分配graduate placement17.伯乐 a good judge of talent (a name of a legendary person in the state of Qin during theSpring and Autumn Period who excelled in evaluating horses)18.博导supervisor of Ph.D. candidate / doctoral advisor19.成人高考/自学考试the national higher education exams for self-taught adults20.充电update one's knowledge21.初等教育elementary education22.大学城college town大学社区college community大专文凭associate degree23.分数mark; grade24.学习成绩academic record; school record25.成绩单transcript26.毕业论文(大学)paper; （研）thesis; （博）dissertation27.实习internship; field work28.毕业典礼graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业证书certificate29.高等教育higher education30.高等教育“211工程”the“211 Project”for higher education31.高等学府institution of higher education32.综合性大学comprehensive university33.文科院校colleges of (liberal) arts34.理工科大学college / university of science and engineering35.师范学院teachers' college / normal college36.工科大学polytechnic university37.农学院college of agriculture38.医学院medical school39.中医院institute of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)40.音乐学院music school41.美术学院academy of fine arts42.高分低能high scores and low abilities43.高考(university / college) entrance examination44.高校扩招the college expansion plan45.高中同等学力highschool equivalency46.广播电视大学radio and television university47.国家普通话水平考试National Proficiency Test of Putonghua (Mandarin)48.函授大学correspondence university49.副教授associate professor50.客座教授visiting professor; guest professor51.讲师lecturer52.助教assistant53.辅导员assistant for political and ideological work54.教研室/组teaching and research section/group55.教学法pedagogy; teaching method56.教育界education circle57.教育投入input in education58.九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education59.考研take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools60.课外的extracurriculum61.课外活动extracurricular activities62.课堂讨论class discussion63.必修课required / compulsory course64.选修课elective / optional course65.基础课basic course66.专业课specialized course67.课程表school schedule68.研究小组；讨论会seminar69.教学大纲teaching program; syllabus70.学习年限period of schooling71.学历record of formal schooling72.学年school/academic year73.学期(school)term; semester74.学分credit75.两院院academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy ofEngineering76.启发式教学heuristic education77.热门话题hot topic78.人才交流talents exchange79.人才战competition for talented people80.商务英语证书Business English Certificate (BEC)81.设计学院academy of design82.体育学院institute of physical culture83.适龄儿童入学率enrolment rate for children of school age84.授予某人学位to confer a degree on / to sb. /for sth (e.g. thesis)85.升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade86.（国家）助学金(state)stipend/subsidy/ financial aid87.硕博联读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study88.松江大学城Songjiang College Town89.素质教育quality-oriented education90.填鸭式教学cramming method of teaching91.同声传译simultaneous interpretation92.托福Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)93.脱产进修block release94.短训班short-term training course95.师生员工faculty, students and staff96.教学人员the faculty; teaching staff97.中、小学校长headmaster/headmistress; principal98.大专院校校长(美)president; （英）chancellor ; vice-chancellor99.教务长, (系)主任dean100.希望工程Project Hope101.小组讨论group discussions102.校训school motto103.校友alumnus(男); alumna（女）pl. alumni; alumnae104.学生会students' union/association105.走读生extern; non-resident student106.住宿生boarder107.旁听生auditor108.研究生graduate student; post-graduate (student)109.应届毕业生graduating student; current year’s graduate110.课程course; curriculum111.校园数字化campus digitalization112.校园文化campus culture113.学分credit points114.学汉语热enthusiasm in learning Chinese115.学历教育education with record of formal schooling116.学龄儿童school-ager117.学前教育preschool education118.学生减负alleviate the burden on students119.学时credit hours120.学位证书degree certificate121.学英语热enthusiasm in learning English122.义务教育compulsory education123.应试教育exam-oriented education124.优化教师队伍optimize the teaching staff125.在职博士生on-job doctorate126.在职研究生on-job postgraduates127.招生办公室admission office128.招生就业指导办公室enrolment and placement office129.职业道德work ethics130.职业高中（职高）vocational high school131.职业教育vocational education132.三学期制the trimester system133.定向招生students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers 134.示范试点demonstration pilot project135.动员mobilize136.多学科的multi-disciplinary137.重点大学key university138.被授权be authorized to do139.博士后科研流动站center for post-doctoral studies140.国家发明奖National Invention Prize141.国家自然科学奖National Prize for Natural Sciences142.国家科技进步奖National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology143.学术报告会，专题讨论会symposium/ seminar144.记者招待会press conference145.国家教委State Education Commission146.国家统计局State Statistical Bureau147.国家教育经费national expenditure on education148.财政拨款financial allocation149.职业培训job training150.职业文盲functional illiterate151.专职教师full-time teacher152.智力引进recruit / introduce (foreign) talents153.智商intelligence quotient (IQ)154.中等教育secondary education155.主观能动性subjective initiative156.助学行动activity to assist the impoverished students157.准博士all but dissertation (ABD)158.自费留学go to study abroad at one's own expense159.自费研究生self-supporting/ self-sponsored graduate student2.2 中国现行教育制度问题1. 片面追求升学率to place undue emphasis on the proportion of students entering schools of a higher level2. 全面实施以德育为核心、以创新精神和实践能力为重点的素质教育to carry on the quality education centering on moral education and emphasizing creativity and practice3. 教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。

最常用的1000个英文单词a (an) art. 一（个、件……）abandon v. 放弃ability n. 能力；才能able a. 能够；有能力的abnormal a. 不正常的aboard ad. 在船（车）上；上船（飞机）about ad. 大约；到处；关于prep. 关于；在各处；在附近above prep. 在……上面a. 上面的ad. 在上面abroad ad. 到（在）国外absence n. 缺席；不在场absent a. 缺席的；不在场的absolute a. 绝对的；完全的absorb v. 吸收；领会abstract a. 抽象的 n. 摘要accept v. 接受accident n. 事故；（意外）事件accompany v. 陪伴；伴奏accomplish v. 完成；实现account n. 账目；描述accumulate v. 积累；积聚accuracy n. 精确性；准确性accuse v. 指责；指控ache vi.&n. 痛；疼痛achieve v. 完成；达到；获得acquaintance n. 熟人；相识acquire v. 获得；取得across prep. 横过；穿过；朝向另一方向act n. 法令；条例 v. （戏）表演；扮演（角色）；演出（戏）action n. 行动；作用active a. 积极的；主动的activity n. 活动；行动性actor n. 男演员actress n. 女演员actual a. 实际的；真实的acute a. 敏锐的；剧烈的adapt v. 使适应；改编add v. 加；增加；（把字）加起来addition n. 加法；增加物address n. 地址 v. （在信封或包裹上）写姓名地址；（向……）演讲或写信adjust v. 调整；调节administration n. 管理；经营admire v. 钦佩；赞赏admit v. 承认；准许……进入（或停留）adopt v. 收养；采取；采纳advance v. 推进；促进 n. 前进；进展advantage n. 优点；有利条件adventure n. 冒险（的经历）；奇遇（故事）高考常考词汇-B2.1. B开头的常考词汇bachelor n. 学士；学士学位back ad. 在后；回原处a. 后面的n. 背；后面background n. 背景backward(s) ad. 向后地（地）；朝反方向（地）；向稍低（或多）的bad a. 坏的；不好的bag n. 袋；提包；钱包bake v. 烤；烘焙balance n. 平衡；均势ball n. 球；舞会banana n. 香蕉band n. 带；箍环；乐队bang n. 猛击；猛撞bank n. 银行；堤；岸bar n. 条；杆；酒吧barbecue n. 烤肉野餐barber n. 理发师bargain n. 便宜货 v. 讨价还价base n. 基础；根据地 v. （使）建立在……的基础上basic a. 基本的；基础的basin n. 盆；洗脸盆；盆地basis n. 基础；根据；原则bathe v. 洗澡；洗刷bathroom n. 浴室battery n. 电池battle n. 战役；战斗 v. 与……作战bay n. 海湾；月桂树be v. 是（原形的动词是am, is, are）；成为bean n. 豆；蚕豆bear v. 忍受；负担beat v. 打败；敲打；跳动beautiful a. 美丽的；优美的beauty n. 美（丽）；美的人（或物）because conj. 因为become v. （过去式为became）成为；适合……；变成……（后面接形容词或名词）bed n. 床；床位；（苗）床；种植床2.2. C-D开头的常考词汇Ccancel v. 取消；作废cancer n. 癌症candidate n. 候选人capture v. 捕获；夺取care n. 小心；照料；忧虑v. 关心；计较；愿意careful a. 小心的；仔细的；谨慎的careless a. 粗心的；不关心的carry v. 携带；搬运；支撑case n. 情况；病例；案件cash n. 现金v. 兑现cast v. 投掷；铸造catch v. 捕获；赶上（车、船等）；感染（疾病）；听清楚；领会cattle n. 牛（总称）；牲口（一般指牛）cause n. 原因；事业v. 引起；使发生cease v. 停止；结束ceiling n. 天花板celebrate v. 庆祝cell n. 细胞；小房间；电池cent n. （货币）分（美国、加拿大、德国等）center n. 中心；中央central a. 中心的；中央的century n. 世纪；百年certain a. 确定的；某一；一定certainly ad. 当然；行（用于回答不肯定的事）chain n. 链子；一连串；连锁店challenge v. 向……挑战n. 挑战；挑战性chance n. 机会；可能性change v. 改变；更换；（使）变成n. 变化；零钱channel n. 海峡；水道；频道chapter n. 章；篇目character n. 性格；特性；人物；角色；（汉）字charge v. 收费；控告n. 费用；掌管charity n. 慈善事业（机构）；施舍（行为）cheap a. 便宜的cheat v. 作弊；欺骗n. 骗子；（扑克）作弊牌法check v. 检查；制止n. 检查；支票（英）；方格图案（常用于织物或纸张）；支票（美）cheerful a. 快乐的；高兴的cheese n. 乳酪（英）；干酪（美）2.3. E-F开头的常考词汇Eeager a. 渴望的；热切的ear n. 耳朵；听力；听觉early a. 早的；提前的ad. 在早晨；在初期earn v. 赚得；获得earth n. 地球；陆地east ad. 向东；朝东a. 东方的；东部的n. 东；东方easy a. 容易的；舒适的edge n. 边缘；棱 v. 侧切；挤进edit v. 编辑；校订education n. 教育；培养effect n. 结果；效果efficient a. 效率高的；有能力的effort n. 努力；尽力either a. （不）两方的；（不）两部分的（不）任何的（不）某的ad. （不）也conj. 或者……或者……；要么……要么……embassy n. 大使馆；大使馆全体成员empty a. 空的 v. 清空；倒空encourage v. 鼓励；支持；激励end n. 末尾；结束 v. 结束；终止enemy n. 敌人（名词时翻译为“敌人”；形容词时翻译为“敌方的”）energy n. 精力；能量engine n. 发动机；引擎engineer n. 工程师；技师enough a. （修饰复数名词时翻译为“许多”）充分的；足够的（修饰不可数名词时翻译为“足够的”）ad. （用于形容词、副词比较级后）足够的（用于否定句）不充分的（用于肯定句）enter v. 进入；参加enterprise n. 企业（事业）单位（指经营、管理、决策、任免各级领导及利润、盈亏等各方面都负有一定责任的单位）；事业心（指事业发展的原动力，开拓、创新、进取、拼搏等精神）事业（指机关、学校、团体等）事业单位（指国家或私人所设的，为某种目的而长期进行活动的组织。

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?pron任何人adv.任何地方n.任何(一个)地方adj.精彩的；极好的adj.很少的；n.少量相当多；不少(后接可数名词) adj.最多的；大多数的；pron.某事物；pron.没有什么n.没有pron.每人；人人当然pron.我自己pron.你自己；你亲自n.母鸡；雌禽n.猪vi.似乎；好像adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的pron.某人；有人n.日记；日记簿n.活动；活跃v.决定；选定(decide to do sth.) v.尝试；设法；努力n.空中滑翔跳伞想要，给…的感觉n.鸟；禽n.自行车n.建筑物n.商人；商船v.惊奇；想知道；怀疑n.差异；不同n.顶部；顶v.等；等待(wait for)n.伞；雨伞adj.湿的；雨天的因为；由于prep.低于；在...下面adv.在下面adj.足够的adv.足够地；充分地adj.饥饿的；渴望的conj.如同；像...一样n.小山，山丘n.鸭肉；鸭v. n.不喜欢；厌恶；玩得痛快Unit2 How often do you exercise?n.家务劳动adv.几乎不；简直不；刚刚adv.曾经；在任何时候adv.一次；曾经adv.两倍；两次n.因特网n.节目；程序；课程；节目单adj.满的；充满的；完全的n.摇摆；秋千v.摇摆；旋转adv.或许；也许；可能摇摆舞adj.最小的；最少的至少很少；几乎从不；难得n.垃圾；废旧杂物垃圾食品n.咖啡；咖啡色n.健康；人的身体或精神状态.结果；后果dj.百分之...的adj.在线的adv.在线地n.电视机；电视节目conj.虽然；尽管；然而；可是prep.穿过；凭借；一直到n.身体n.头脑；想法；意见；心思adj.这样的；如此的例如adv.共同；一起v.死；n.作者；作家n.牙科医生n.杂志adv.然而；不管多么conj.比超过，多于adv.几乎；差不多pron.没有一个；没有任何东西，毫无adj.更少的；较少的。

特殊教育术语英译汉初探在特殊教育领域，有很多专业术语需要进行英译汉。

这些术语中既有常见的教育名词，也有一些专有名词。

正确理解和使用这些术语对特殊教育工作的开展至关重要。

本文将探讨一些常见的特殊教育术语的英译汉。

一、智力障碍1.Learning Disability（LD）：学习障碍学习障碍是指学习能力差，与在其它领域相对应优异水平的儿童。

在学习信息的接收、处理或组织过程中存在问题，影响记忆、理解、口语表达或阅读理解等方面的能力。

2.Intellectual Disability（ID）：智力障碍智力障碍是指智力程度极低，影响生活技能和社交交往的发展，如感知、思维、语言、行为和社交技能等方面的发展。

智力障碍往往涉及社会适应和实际生活技能，并且最低限度需要个体在成年后接受监护。

3.Autism Spectrum Disorder（ASD）：自闭症谱系障碍自闭症谱系障碍是一类神经发育障碍，其特征为影响个体的交往互动、沟通、语言和行为的发展。

自闭症谱系障碍是一种广泛存在的发展障碍，且发病机制不甚明确。

二、情绪障碍1.Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder（ADHD）：注意力缺陷多动症注意力缺陷多动症是一种影响儿童和成人行为、注意力、学习和社交的常见神经发育障碍。

主要特征是注意力不够集中、过度活跃和冲动，难以控制自己的情绪和行为。

2.Depression：抑郁症抑郁症是一种情感障碍，其特征为长期的悲痛、情绪低落和心情抑郁等症状。

抑郁症的病因复杂，可能与基因、脑化学物质和环境等多种因素有关。

三、言语障碍1.Speech Disorder：言语障碍言语障碍是指儿童或成人在语音、语言、说话流利性方面发生问题，这些问题可能涉及发音、语调、速度、韵律、语言理解和口语表达等方面。

nguage Disorder：语言障碍语言障碍是指儿童或成人存在一种语言发展问题，其包括听力、语法、词汇和语用能力方面的问题。

rowan ⼭梨 rowboat 划艇 rowdy 吵闹的⼈ rowdydowdy 吵闹的 rowdyish 粗暴的 rowdyism 粗暴的⾏为 rowel ⼩齿轮 rower 划⼿ rowing 划船 Royal Academy 皇家艺术院 Royal Air Force 英国空军 royal blue 品蓝 Royal Flying Corps 英国陆军航空队 Royal Highness 皇族称呼 Royal Humane Society 英国溺⽔者营救会 Royal Institution 英国科学研究所 royal road 捷径 royal water 王⽔ royal yellow 雌黄 royal 王室的 royale 蛋糕饰块 royalism 君主主义 royalist 保皇党员 royalistic 保皇党派的 royally 为王 royalmast 最上桅 royalty 皇室 roydon 克⾥登 rozener 烈酒 rozzer 警察 Rpm 每分钟转数 RSA encryption technique RSA加密技术 RSVP Reply rub along 勉强相处 rub away 擦掉 rub down 按摩 rub elbows with 交往 rub in ⽤⼒擦⼊ rub off 擦掉 rub on 勉强度过 rub out 擦掉 rub the lamp 实现愿望 rub the wrong way 激怒 rub through 勉强度过 rub up against 接近 rub up 揉和 rub 擦 rub-a-dub ⿎声 rub-up 擦净 rubaboo ⼲⾁饼汤 rubasse 红⽔晶 rubato 随意增减的 rubbed 擦 rubber band 橡⽪圈 rubber cement 橡胶胶⽔ rubber check 空头⽀票 rubber eraser 橡⽪ rubber heel 侦探 rubber plant 橡胶树 rubber stamp 橡⽪图章 rubber tube 橡⽪管 rubber 橡⽪ rubber-neck 游览的⼈ rubber-stamp 批准 rubberize 涂橡胶 rubberlike 橡⽪状的 rubbing alcohol 外⽤酒精 rubbing 摩擦 rubbings 拓⽚ rubbingstone 磨⽯ rubbish 废物 rubbishy 碎屑的 rubble 粗⽯ rubblework ⽑⽯建筑 rubbly 碎⽯状的 rubdown 按摩 rube 乡下⼈ rubefacient 使发红的 rubefaction 发红 rubella 风疹 rubellite 红电⽓⽯ rubeola ⿇疹 rubescent 变红的 rubiaceous 茜草科的 rubicund 红润的 rubicundity 颜⾊发红 rubidium 铷 rubied 红⽟⾊的 rubify 使变红 rubiginous 锈的 rubigo 过氧化铁 rubious 红⽟⾊的 ruble 卢布 rubor 红 rubout 谋杀 rubric 红字 rubrical 仪式指⽰的 rubricate 红字标题 rubrication 红字 rubricity 红⾊ rubstone 砥⽯ ruby 红宝⽯ ruche 褶带 ruching 褶饰 ruck up 变皱 ruck 弄皱 ruckle 弄绉 rucksack 帆布背包 ruckus 喧闹 ruction 吵闹 rudbeckia 黄雏菊 rudd ⽯斑鱼 rudder 舵 ruddered 有⽅向舵的 rudderfish 追船鱼 rudderhead 舵轴的顶端 rudderless ⽆指导的 rudderpost 舵轴 ruddevator ⽅向升降舵 ruddily ⾚红⾊地 ruddiness 红⾊ ruddle 红⼟ ruddleman 红⼟商 ruddock 知更鸟 ruddy 红的 rude 粗陋的 rudely 粗鲁地 rudeness 粗蛮 ruderal 杂草 rudesby ，粗⼈ rudest ⽆礼的 rudiment 基础 rue 懊悔 rueful 悔恨的 ruefully 悲伤地 ruefulness 悲伤 ruelle 窄⼩街道 rufescent 带红⾊的 ruff 出王牌 ruffed 环状⽻⽑的 ruffian 恶棍 ruffianism 流氓习⽓ ruffianize ⾏为残暴 ruffianlike 像⽆赖的 ruffianly 恶棍般的 ruffle one's feathers 发怒 ruffle 滋扰 ruffled 褶饰边的 ruffler 扰乱的⼈ ruffly 起皱的 rufous 红褐⾊的 rug 毯⼦ ruga 皱 rugate 皱的 rugged 崎岖的 ruggedization 强壮化 ruggedize 使坚固 ruggedly 险峻地 ruggedness 险峻 rugger 橄榄球 rugose 有皱纹的 rugosity 皱纹 rugous 有皱纹的 rugulose 有皱纹的 ruined 毁灭的 ruinous 破坏性的 ruinously 毁灭地 rulable 可操纵的 rule against 否决 rule of law 法规 rule of thumb 单凭经验 rule off 隔开 rule out 划去 rule over 统治 rule the roast 当家 rule the roost 当家 rule 规则 rulebook 规则⼿册 ruleless ⽆规则的 ruler mark 标尺游标 ruler 统治者 rulership 统治者 ruling pen 直线笔 ruling 统治的 ruly 不紊的 rum 甜酒 Rumania 罗马尼亚 Rumanian 罗马尼亚⼈ rumba 伦巴舞 rumble forth 低沉地说出 rumble 隆隆声 rumble-tumble 车⾏声 rumbling 隆隆声 rumbly 隆隆声的 rumbustious 喧闹的 rumbustiously 喧嚣地 ruminate over 反复思考 ruminate 反刍 rumination 反刍 ruminative 默想的 ruminatively 沉思默想地 ruminator 好思考的⼈ rumly 奇妙地 rummage sale 清仓拍卖 rummage up 搜查出 rummage 到处翻寻 rummager 搜查者 rummer ⼤酒杯 rummery 酒店 rummily 奇妙地 rummy 甜酒的 rumor 谣⾔ rumormonger 造谣者 rumormongering 造谣 rumorous 传说的 rumour 谣⾔ Rump Parliament 尾闾议会 rump steak 臀部的⽜排 rump 尾部 rumpbone 骶⾻ rumple 弄皱 rumpless ⽆尾的 rumply 弄绉的 rumpot 酒徒 rumpus room 娱乐室 rumpus 喧闹 rumpy ⽆尾猫 rumrunner 酒类⾛私贩 run a fever 发烧 run a school 办学校 run a tape over 检查 run about 乱跑 run across 偶遇 run afoul of 撞 run after 追捕 run against 偶遇 run aground 搁浅 run along 离开 run amuck 横⾏ run application 运⾏应⽤程序 run around 东奔西跑 run at the mouth 流⼝⽔ run at the nose 流⿐涕 run at 突袭 run atilt at 冲向 run away with 潜逃 run away 潜逃 run back over 回顾 run back 回忆 run before the wind 顺风⾏驶 run counter to 违反 run cross to 相反 run deep 深沉 run dialog 运⾏对话框 run down 跑下 run errands 供差遣 run for it 快跑 run for 竞选 run in the family 世代相传 run in 跑进 run into a blank wall 碰壁 run into debt 负债 run its course 按常规发展 run like split 飞奔 run low 减少 run macro 运⾏宏 run minimized 运⾏时最⼩化 run mountains high 汹涌澎湃 run off at the mouth 信⼝开河 run off 逃跑 run on 抢购 run one's eyes over 浏览 run one's head against a wall 碰壁 run oneself out 跑得筋疲⼒竭 run out of ⽤完 run out 跑出 run over 溢出 run prizes 参加⽐赛 run ragged 破旧⽆⽤ run riot 跟错踪迹 run round in circles 忙得团团转 run scared 战战兢兢 run short of 缺少 run the gauntlet 受严厉批评 run the show 主持 run the streets 流浪 run through 贯穿 run to an extreme ⾛极端 run to 跑向 run true to form ⼀如既往 run up against 偶遇 run up to 跑到 run up 向上跑 run upon 撞上 run wild 放肆 run-down 荒芜的 run-in index 平⾏式 run-in ⼝⾓ run-of-mill ⼀般性的 run-of-the-mill ⾮精选的 run-of-the-mine 粗制的 run-off 决赛 run-on 词意连贯的 run-over 超过篇幅的 run-through 贯通 run-time error 运⾏错误 run-up 抬⾼ runabout 流浪者 runagate 游民 runaround 借⼝ runaway 逃跑 runcible spoon 有利刃的三齿叉 runcinate 锯齿状的 rundle 梯级 rundlet ⼩桶 rundown 裁减 rune 古代北欧⽂字 runelike 古⽂字 rung 地位 runic 古北欧⽂字 runless ⽆得分的 runlet 桶 runnable interface 运⾏接⼝ runnable 可追捕的 runnel ⼩河 runner 奔跑者 runner-up 亚军 running 运⾏ runout 避开 runover 转页部分 runproof 不绽线的 runt ⼩⽜ runtime class 运⾏时间类 runtime 执⾏时间 runtish 发育不良 runtishly 发育不良地 runtishness 发育不良 runty 矮⼩的 runway 飞机跑道 rupee 卢⽐ rupestrian 由⽯头构成的 rupestrine 长在岩⽯上 rupiah 印尼货币 rupicolous 住在岩⽯中 rupturable 可破裂的 rupture 破裂 rural free delivery 乡村地区免费邮递 rural 乡下的 rurales 骑警队 ruralism 乡下风味 ruralist ⽥园⽣活者 rurality ⽥园风味 ruralize 成⽥园风味化 rurally 乡下地 rurban 城郊 rurigenous 乡下出⽣的 Ruritanian 理想王国的 rusa ⿊⿅ ruse 策略 rush at 冲向 rush candle 蜡烛 rush into 仓促⾏动 rush one's fences 鲁莽 rush out of 奔出 rush through 快速通过 rush up 催促 rush 匆促 rushed 匆忙的 rushing 急流的 rushingly 急流地 rushlight 灯芯草蜡烛 rushlike 像灯⼼草的 rushwork 草编⼿⼯ rushy 多灯⼼草 rusk 甜⾯包⼲ Russ 俄国⼈ russet 枯叶⾊的 russetish 深红 russety 枯叶⾊的 Russia 俄国 russian church 俄国国教 Russian dressing 俄式调味酱 Russian leather 俄国⽪⾰ Russian Revolution 俄国⾰命 Russian Roulette 俄式轮盘 russian wolfhound ⼀种俄国狼⽝ Russian 俄国⼈ Russianize 俄国化 Russophile 亲俄者 Russophobe 惧俄者 Russophobia 恐俄症 rust 铁锈 rustic 乡下⼈ rustically 乡⼟⽓地 rusticate 去乡下 rustication 乡村⽣活 rusticism 乡⼟⽤语 rusticity 乡村式 rusticize 使乡下化 rustily 锈蚀地 rustiness ⽣锈 rustle up 搞到 rustle 沙沙声 rustler 积极分⼦ rustless ⽆锈的 rustling 瑟瑟声 rustproof 不锈的 rusty ⽣锈的 rut 常规 rutabaga 蔓菁 ruth 怜悯 ruthenium 钌 Rutherford 卢瑟福 ruthful 悲哀的 ruthfully 充满感伤地 ruthfulness 充满感伤 ruthless ⽆情的 ruthlessly 冷酷地 ruthlessness ⽆情 rutilant 红⾊⽕光 rutile ⾦红⽯ rutin 芦丁 Rutlandshire 卢特兰郡 ruttish 春情的 rutty 遍地车辙 rvalue 右值 Rwanda 卢旺达 rye bread ⿊⾯包 rye *麦 ryegrass ⿊麦草 ryke 抵达 rynd 轴⼼铁 ryot 佃农 Ryukyu 琉球群岛 Ryukyuan 琉球⼈。