美国《化学文摘》(CA)中常用词缩写

美国《化学文摘》中常用词缩写A ampere安(培)Angstrom unit(s)埃(长度单位，10-10米)abs．absolute绝对的abs．EtOH absolute alcohol无水乙醇abstr．abstract文摘Ac acetyl(CH3CO，not CH3COO)乙酰基a c alternating current交流电(流)Ac．H．acetaldehyde 乙醛AcOH acetic acid乙酸Ac2O acetic anhydride乙酸酐AcOEt ethyl acetate乙酸乙酯AcONa乙酸钠add additive 附加物addn addition加成，添加addnl additional添加的alc．alcohol，alcoholic醇aliph．aliphatic 脂族的Al．Hg．Aluminum amalgam铝汞齐alk．alkaline(not alkali)碱性的alky alkalinity(alhys．for alkalinities is not approved)碱度，碱性am amyl(not ammonium)戊基amorph amorphous无定形的amp ampere(s)安(培)amt．amount(as a noun)数量anal．analysis分析anhyd．anhydrous无水的AO atomic orbital原子轨(道)函数app．apparatus仪器，装置approx approximate(as an adjective)，approximately近似的，大概的approxn approximation近似法，概算aq．aqueous水的，含水的arom．aromatic芳族的as．asymmetric不对称的assoc．associate(s)缔合assocd associated缔合的assocn association缔合at．atomic(not atom)原子的atm atmosphere(s)，atmospheric 大气压=1.01325×105帕ATP adenosine triphosphatae三磷酸腺苷酶at．wt．atomic weight原子量av．average(except as a verb)平均BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBfollowed by a figure denoting temperature)boils at，boiling at(similarlyb 13，at1.3mm，pressure)沸腾(后面的数字表示温度，同样b13表示在13毫米压力下沸腾)bbl barrel桶[液体量度单位=163.5升(英国)，=119升(美国)]BCC．body-centred cubic立方体心BeV or GeV billion electronvolts10亿电子伏，吉电子伏，109电子伏BOD biochemical oxygen demand生化需氧量μB Bohr magneton玻尔磁子[物]b．p．boiling point沸点Btu British thermal unit(s)英热单位= 1055.06焦Bu butyl(normal)丁基bu．bushel蒲式耳=36.368升(英)=35. 238升(美)Bz benzoyl(not benzyl)苯甲酰BzH benzaldehyde苯(甲)醛BzOH benzoic acid苯甲酸C concentration浓度Cal．calorie(s)千卡，大卡=4186.8焦cal．卡=4.1868焦calc．calculate计算calcd calculated计算的calcg calculating计算calcn calculation计算CC cubic centimeter(s)立方厘米CD circurlar dichroism圆二色性(物)c．d．current density电流密度cf．参见compare比较cubic feet per minute立方英尺/分钟(1立方英尺=2.831685×10-2米3)chem．chemical(as an adjective)(not chemistry nor chemically)化学的Ci curie居里(放射单位)=3.7×1010贝可clin．clinical(ly)临床的cm centimeter(s)厘米CoA coenzyme A辅酶AC．O．D．chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量coeff．coefficient系数col．colour，coloration颜色com．commercial工业的，商业的，商品的comb．combustion燃烧compb．compound化合物，复合物compn．composition组成，成分conc．concentrate(as a verb)提浓，浓缩concd．concentrated浓的concg．concentrating浓缩(的)concn．concentration浓度cond conductivity导电率，传导性const．constant常数，常量contg containing包含，含有cor corrected校正的，改正的，正确的cp．constant pressure恒压C．P．Chemically pure化学纯的crit．critical临界的cryst．crystalline(not crystallize)结晶crystd crystallized使结晶crystg crystallizing结晶crystn crystallization结晶，结晶化cu．m．cubic meter(s)立方米Cv constant volume恒容d density密度(d13 相对于水在4℃时的比重；d2020相对于水在20℃时的比重) D Debye unit德拜单位，电偶极矩单位d．dextrorotatory右旋(不译)dl-外消旋(不译)d．c．direct current直流电decomp．decompose(s)分解decompd decomposed分解的decompg decomposing分解decompn decomposition分解degrdn degradation降解deriv．derivative衍生物，导数(数)det．determine 测定detd determined 测定的detg determining测定detn determination 测定diam．diameter直径dil．dilute稀释，冲淡dild diluted稀释的diltg diluting稀释diln dilution稀释diss．dissolves，dissolved溶解dissoc dissociate(s)离解dissocd．dissociated 离解的dissocn dissociation 离解dist．distil．distillation 蒸馏distd distilled蒸馏的distg distilling 蒸馏distn distillation蒸馏dl分升dm．decimeter(s)分米DMF dimetbylformamide二甲基甲酰胺DNase deoxyribonuclease脱氧核糖核酸酶d．p．degree of polymerization聚合度dpm disintegrations per minute分解量/分钟DTA differential thermal analysis 差热分析E．D．effective dose有效剂量EEG electroencephalogram脑电流描记术e．g．for example例如elec electric，electrical(not electricall y)电的e．m．f．electromoctive force电动势e．m．u．electromagnetic unit电磁单位en．ethylenediamine(used in formul as only)乙二胺equil equilibrium(s)平衡equiv．equivalent当量，克当量esp．especially 特别，格外est．estimate(as a verb)估计estd estimated估计的estg estimating估计estn estimation估计Et ethyl乙基Et2O ethyl ether乙醚η viscosity粘度eV electron volt(s)电子伏[特]evac．evacuated抽空的evap．evaporate蒸发evapd evaporated 蒸发的evapg evaporating蒸发evapn evaporation蒸发examd examined检验过的，试验过的examg examining检验，试验examn examination检验，试验expt．experiment(as a noun)实验exptl experimental实验的ext．extract提取物，萃，提取extd extracted提取的extg extracting提取extn extraction 提取F farad法[拉](电容)fcc face centered cubic面心立方体fermn fermentation发酵f．p．freezing point冰点，凝固点FSH follicle-stimulating hormone促卵泡激素ft．foot，feet 英尺=0.3048米ft-lb foot-pound 英尺磅=0.3048米×0. 453592千克g.gram(s)克gal gallon加仑=4.546092升(英)=3.78 543升(美)geol.geological地质的gr.grain(weight unit)谷(1谷=1/7000磅=0.64799克)h hour小时H henry亨[利]ha.hectare(s)公顷=6.451600×10-4米2homo-均匀-，单相h hour小时hyd.hydrolysis，hydrolysed水解Hz hertz(cycles/sec)赫[兹]，周/秒ID infective dose无效剂量in.inch(es)英寸=0.0254米inorg.incrganic无机的insol.insoluble不溶的IR infrared红外线irradn irradiation照射iso-Bu，isobutyl异丁基iso-Pr，isopropyl异丙基IU国际单位J joule焦[耳](能量单位)K kelvin开[尔文]，绝对温度Kcal.kilocalorie(s)千卡=418.6焦kg kilogram(s)千克kV kilovolt(s)千伏kV-amp.kilovolt-ampere(s)千伏安kW.kilowatt(s)千瓦kWh kilowatthour 千瓦小时=3.6×106焦l.liter(s)升boratory实验室lb pound(s)磅=0.453592千克LCAO linear combination of atomic orbitals原子轨道的线性组合LD Lethal dose致死剂量LH Luteinizing hormone促黄体发生激素liq.liquid液体，液态Lm lumen流明(光通量单位)LX lux勒[克斯](照度单位)m.meter(s)；also(followed by a figur e denoting temperature)米，熔融(注明温度时)M.mega-(106)兆M molar(as applied to concn.)摩尔m.melts at，melting at熔融m molal摩尔的ma milliampere(s)毫安manuf.manufacture制造manufd manufactured制造的manufg.manufacturing制造math.mathematical数学的max maximum(s)最大值，最大的Me methyl(MeOH,methanol)甲基mech.mechanical机械的metab.metabolism新陈代谢m.e.v million electron volts兆电子伏mg milligram(s)毫克mi mile英里=1609.344米min minimun[also minute(s)]最小值，最小的min minute分钟misc miscellaneous其它mixt.mixture混合物ml milliliter(s)毫升mm millimeter(s)毫米nm millimicron(s)纳米MO molecular orbital分子轨道函数mol molecule，molecular分子，分子的mol.wt.molecular weight分子量m.p.melting point熔点mph miles per hour英里(=1609.344米)/小时μ micron(s)微米mV millivolt(s)毫伏N newton牛[顿](力的单位)N normal(as applied to concn.)当量(浓度)neg.negative(as an adjective)阴性的，负的no number号，数obsd observed观察，观测anic有机的oxidn oxidation氧化oz．ounce盎司(常衡=28.349523克)P．d．potential difference势差，电位差Pet．Et．petroleum ether石油醚Ph．phenyl苯基phys．physical物理的physiol．physiological生理学的p．m．post meridiem午后polymd polymerized聚合polymg polymerizing聚合ploymn polymerization聚合pos．positive(as an adjective)阳性的，正的powd．powdered粉末的，粉状的p．p.b．(ppb)parts per billion亿万分之(几)p.p.m．(ppm)parts per million百万分之(几)ppt．precipitate沉淀，沉淀物pptd．precipitated沉淀出的pptg．precipitating沉淀pptn precipitation沉淀Pr propyl (normal)丙基prac．practically实际上prep．prepare制备press．pressure压力prepd prepared制备的prepg preparing制备prepn preparation制备psi pounds per square inch磅/英寸2[=0.453592千克/(6．45100×10-4米2)] psia pounds per square inch alsolu te磅/英寸2(绝对压力)pt pint品脱(=0.5682615升)purifn purification精制py pyridine(used only in formulas)吡啶qt．quality质量qual.qualitative(not qualitatively)定性的quant．quantitative(not quantitatively)定量的γ希文，消旋(不译)red．reduce，还原red reduction还原，减小ref．reference 参考文献rem roentgen equivalent man人体伦琴当量，雷姆rep roentgen equivalent physical物理伦琴当量repr.reproduction再生产，再生res.resolution分辨，分解，离析resp.respectively分别地rpm revolution per minute每分钟转数RNase ribonuclease核糖核酸酶sapon.saponification皂化sapond saponified皂化过的sapong saponifying皂化sat.saturate使饱和satd.saturated饱和的satg saturating饱和的satn.saturation饱和，饱和度sec second(s)秒，仲，第二的sep.separate分离sepd separated分离出的sepg separating分离的sepn separation分离sol.soluble可溶的soln solution溶液soly solubility(solys.for solubilities is not approved)可溶性，溶解度sp.gr.specific gravity比重sp.ht.specific heat比热sp.vol.specific volume比容std. standard标准suppl. supplement补篇sym. symmetrical对称的tech. technical技术的temp. temperature温度tert. Tertiary叔(指CH3…C(CH3)2—型烃基)thermodyn. Thermodynamics热力学titrn titration滴定unsym. unsymmetrical偏，不对称U. V. ultraviolet紫外线V volt(s)伏[特]vac.vacuun真空vapor vaporization汽化vol.volume (not volatile)体积vs versus对W.watt(s)瓦[特]wt.weight重量wk week星期。

常用有机化学试剂缩写和中英文对照关键词：缩写AMP Aminomethyl Propanol 氨甲基丙醇AMPD Aminomethyl Propanediol 氨甲基丙二醇BHA Butylated Hydroxyanisole 丁基化羟基茴香醚BHT Butylated Hydroxytoluene 丁基化羟基甲苯CAS Chemical Abstracts Service 《化学文摘》服务CD Completely Denatred 完全变性CFR Code of Federal Regulations(U.S.) （美国）《联邦法典》CHDM Cyclohexanedimethanol 环六烷二甲醇CI Colour Index 染料索引Colipa The European Cosmetic, Tioletry, and Perfumery Association 欧洲化妆品、盥沐品和香料协会CTFA Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association 化妆品、盥沐品和芳香品协会DBM Dibutyl maleate 马来酸二丁酯D&C Drug and Cosmetic 药品和化妆品DEA Diethanolamine 二乙醇胺DEDM Diethylol Dimethyl 二羟乙基二甲基DIBA Dihydroxyisobutylamine 二羟基异丁胺DIPA Diisopropaanolamine 二异丙醇胺DM Dimethyl 二甲基DMAPA Dimethyl Amionopropylamine 二甲基氨丙基胺DMDM Dimethylol Dimethyl 二甲羟基二甲基DMHF Dimethyl Hydantoin Formaldehyde Resin 二甲基乙内酰脲甲醛树脂DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid 脱氧核糖核酸DVB Divinylbenzene 二乙烯苯EDTA Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid 乙二胺四乙酸EDTHP Ethylenediamine Tetrahydroxy Propylene 乙二胺四羟丙烯EEC European Economic Community 欧洲经济委员会EINECS European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances 《现行贸易化学物质欧洲目录》ELINCS European List of Notified Chemical Substances 《欧洲申报化学物质名录》EU European Union 欧洲共同体Ext.D&C External Drug and Cosmetic 外用药品和化妆品FDA Food and Drug Administration(U.S.) （美国）食品和药品管理局FD&C Food Drug andCosmetic 食品药品和化妆品GLY Glycine 甘氨酸HC Hair Color 毛发染料HCl Hydrochloride 氢氯酸HDl Hexyldecyldiisocyanate 十六烷二异氰酸酯HEDTA Hydroxyethyl Ethylenediamine Triacetic Acid 羟乙基乙二胺三乙酸INC International Nomenclature Committee (CTFA) （CTFA）国际专业命名委员会INCI International Nomenclatrure Cosmetic Ingredient 国际专业命名化妆品原料LCLN Liaison Committee Labelling Nomenclature (Colipa) （Colipa）标签专业命名联络委员会MA Maleic Anhydride 马来酐MDM Monomethylol Dimethyl 单羟甲基二甲基MEA Monoethanolamine 单乙醇胺MEK Methyl Ethyl Ketone 甲基乙基酮MIBK Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 甲基异丁基酮MIPA Monoisopropanolamine 单异丙醇胺NTA Nitrilotriacetic Acid 次氮基三乙酸OTC Over-the-Counter 非处方药物PABA p-Aminobenzoic Acid p-氨基苯甲酸PCA Pyrrolidone Carboxylic Acid 吡咯烷酮羧酸PEG Polythylene Glycol 聚乙二醇PEI Polyethylenimine 聚乙二胺PG Propylene Glycol 丙二醇PPG Polypropylene Glycol 聚丙二醇PTFE Polyterafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯PVM/MA Polyvinyl Methyl Ether/Maleic Anhydride 聚乙烯甲基醚/马来酐PVP Polyvinylpyrrolidone 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮q.v. quod vide(Latin for “which see”) 参看…（来自拉丁文）RNA Ribonucleic Acid 核糖核酸SD SpeciallyDenatured 特殊变性的SE Self-Emulsifying 自乳化SIP Sulfoisophthalate 磺基间苯二酸SMDI Saturated Methylene Diphenyldiisocyanate 饱和亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯spp. non-specified species 非特有种TDI Toluene Diisocyanate 甲苯二异氰酸酯TEA Triethanolamine 三乙醇胺TIPA Triisopropanolamine 三异丙醇胺US United States 美国VA Vinyl Acetate 醋酸乙烯酯HFIP 六氟异丙醇二甲基亚砜（DMSO）--D是双意思，M，是Me甲基，S是硫，0是氧，就是(CH3)2S0 二甲基甲酰胺DMF二氯甲烷DCM。

美国《化学文摘》中常用词缩写A ampere安(培)Angstrom unit(s)埃(长度单位，10-10米)abs．absolute绝对的abs．EtOH absolute alcohol无水乙醇abstr．abstract文摘Ac acetyl(CH3CO，not CH3COO)乙酰基a c alternating current交流电(流)Ac．H．acetaldehyde 乙醛AcOH acetic acid乙酸Ac2O acetic anhydride乙酸酐AcOEt ethyl acetate乙酸乙酯AcONa乙酸钠add additive 附加物addn addition加成，添加addnl additional添加的alc．alcohol，alcoholic醇aliph．aliphatic 脂族的Al．Hg．Aluminum amalgam铝汞齐alk．alkaline(not alkali)碱性的alky alkalinity(alhys．for alkalinities is not approved)碱度，碱性am amyl(not ammonium)戊基amorph amorphous无定形的amp ampere(s)安(培)amt．amount(as a noun)数量anal．analysis分析anhyd．anhydrous无水的AO atomic orbital原子轨(道)函数app．apparatus仪器，装置approx approximate(as an adjective)，approximately近似的，大概的approxn approximation近似法，概算aq．aqueous水的，含水的arom．aromatic芳族的as．asymmetric不对称的assoc．associate(s)缔合assocd associated缔合的assocn association缔合at．atomic(not atom)原子的atm atmosphere(s)，atmospheric大气压=1.01325×105帕ATP adenosine triphosphatae三磷酸腺苷酶at．wt．atomic weight原子量av．average(except as a verb)平均b．(followed by a figure denoting temperature)boils at，boiling at(similarlyb13，at1.3mm，pressure)沸腾(后面的数字表示温度，同样b13表示在13毫米压力下沸腾)bbl barrel桶[液体量度单位=163.5升(英国)，=119升(美国)] BCC．body-centred cubic立方体心BeV or GeV billion electronvolts10亿电子伏，吉电子伏，109电子伏BOD biochemical oxygen demand生化需氧量μB Bohr magneton玻尔磁子[物]b．p．boiling point沸点Btu British thermal unit(s)英热单位=1055.06焦Bu butyl(normal)丁基bu．bushel蒲式耳=36.368升(英)=35.238升(美)Bz benzoyl(not benzyl)苯甲酰BzH benzaldehyde苯(甲)醛BzOH benzoic acid苯甲酸C concentration浓度Cal．calorie(s)千卡，大卡=4186.8焦cal．卡=4.1868焦calc．calculate计算calcd calculated计算的calcg calculating计算calcn calculation计算CC cubic centimeter(s)立方厘米CD circurlar dichroism圆二色性(物)c．d．current density电流密度cf．参见compare比较cubic feet per minute立方英尺/分钟(1立方英尺=2.831685×10-2米3) chem．chemical(as an adjective)(not chemistry nor chemically)化学的Ci curie居里(放射单位)=3.7×1010贝可clin．clinical(ly)临床的cm centimeter(s)厘米CoA coenzyme A辅酶AC．O．D．chemical oxygen demand化学需氧量coeff．coefficient系数col．colour，coloration颜色com．commercial工业的，商业的，商品的comb．combustion燃烧compb．compound化合物，复合物compn．composition组成，成分conc．concentrate(as a verb)提浓，浓缩concd．concentrated浓的concg．concentrating浓缩(的)concn．concentration浓度cond conductivity导电率，传导性const．constant常数，常量contg containing包含，含有cor corrected校正的，改正的，正确的cp．constant pressure恒压C．P．Chemically pure化学纯的crit．critical临界的cryst．crystalline(not crystallize)结晶crystd crystallized使结晶crystg crystallizing结晶crystn crystallization结晶，结晶化cu．m．cubic meter(s)立方米Cv constant volume恒容d density密度(d13 相对于水在4℃时的比重；d2020相对于水在20℃时的比重) D Debye unit德拜单位，电偶极矩单位d．dextrorotatory右旋(不译)dl-外消旋(不译)d．c．direct current直流电decomp．decompose(s)分解decompd decomposed分解的decompg decomposing分解decompn decomposition分解degrdn degradation降解deriv．derivative衍生物，导数(数)det．determine 测定detd determined 测定的detg determining测定detn determination 测定diam．diameter直径dil．dilute稀释，冲淡dild diluted稀释的diltg diluting稀释diln dilution稀释diss．dissolves，dissolved溶解dissoc dissociate(s)离解dissocd．dissociated 离解的dissocn dissociation 离解dist．distil．distillation 蒸馏distd distilled蒸馏的distg distilling 蒸馏distn distillation蒸馏dl分升dm．decimeter(s)分米DMF dimetbylformamide二甲基甲酰胺DNase deoxyribonuclease脱氧核糖核酸酶d．p．degree of polymerization聚合度dpm disintegrations per minute分解量/分钟DTA differential thermal analysis 差热分析E．D．effective dose有效剂量EEG electroencephalogram脑电流描记术e．g．for example例如elec electric，electrical(not electrically)电的e．m．f．electromoctive force电动势e．m．u．electromagnetic unit电磁单位en．ethylenediamine(used in formulas only)乙二胺equil equilibrium(s)平衡equiv．equivalent当量，克当量esp．especially 特别，格外est．estimate(as a verb)估计estd estimated估计的estg estimating估计estn estimation估计Et ethyl乙基Et2O ethyl ether乙醚ηviscosity粘度eV electron volt(s)电子伏[特]evac．evacuated抽空的evap．evaporate蒸发evapd evaporated 蒸发的evapg evaporating蒸发evapn evaporation蒸发examd examined检验过的，试验过的examg examining检验，试验examn examination检验，试验expt．experiment(as a noun)实验exptl experimental实验的ext．extract提取物，萃，提取extd extracted提取的extg extracting提取extn extraction 提取F farad法[拉](电容)fcc face centered cubic面心立方体fermn fermentation发酵f．p．freezing point冰点，凝固点FSH follicle-stimulating hormone促卵泡激素ft．foot，feet 英尺=0.3048米ft-lb foot-pound 英尺磅=0.3048米×0.453592千克g.gram(s)克gal gallon加仑=4.546092升(英)=3.78543升(美) geol.geological地质的gr.grain(weight unit)谷(1谷=1/7000磅=0.64799克)h hour小时H henry亨[利]ha.hectare(s)公顷=6.451600×10-4米2homo-均匀-，单相h hour小时hyd.hydrolysis，hydrolysed水解Hz hertz(cycles/sec)赫[兹]，周/秒ID infective dose无效剂量in.inch(es)英寸=0.0254米inorg.incrganic无机的insol.insoluble不溶的IR infrared红外线irradn irradiation照射iso-Bu，isobutyl异丁基iso-Pr，isopropyl异丙基IU国际单位J joule焦[耳](能量单位)K kelvin开[尔文]，绝对温度Kcal.kilocalorie(s)千卡=418.6焦kg kilogram(s)千克kV kilovolt(s)千伏kV-amp.kilovolt-ampere(s)千伏安kW.kilowatt(s)千瓦kWh kilowatthour 千瓦小时=3.6×106焦l.liter(s)升boratory实验室lb pound(s)磅=0.453592千克LCAO linear combination of atomic orbitals原子轨道的线性组合LD Lethal dose致死剂量LH Luteinizing hormone促黄体发生激素liq.liquid液体，液态Lm lumen流明(光通量单位)LX lux勒[克斯](照度单位)m.meter(s)；also(followed by a figure denoting temperature)米，熔融(注明温度时) M.mega-(106)兆M molar(as applied to concn.)摩尔m.melts at，melting at熔融m molal摩尔的ma milliampere(s)毫安manuf.manufacture制造manufd manufactured制造的manufg.manufacturing制造math.mathematical数学的max maximum(s)最大值，最大的Me methyl(MeOH,methanol)甲基mech.mechanical机械的metab.metabolism新陈代谢m.e.v million electron volts兆电子伏mg milligram(s)毫克mi mile英里=1609.344米min minimun[also minute(s)]最小值，最小的min minute分钟misc miscellaneous其它mixt.mixture混合物ml milliliter(s)毫升mm millimeter(s)毫米nm millimicron(s)纳米MO molecular orbital分子轨道函数mol molecule，molecular分子，分子的mol.wt.molecular weight分子量m.p.melting point熔点mph miles per hour英里(=1609.344米)/小时μmicron(s)微米mV millivolt(s)毫伏N newton牛[顿](力的单位)N normal(as applied to concn.)当量(浓度) neg.negative(as an adjective)阴性的，负的no number号，数obsd observed观察，观测anic有机的oxidn oxidation氧化oz．ounce盎司(常衡=28.349523克) P．d．potential difference势差，电位差Pet．Et．petroleum ether石油醚Ph．phenyl苯基phys．physical物理的physiol．physiological生理学的p．m．post meridiem午后polymd polymerized聚合polymg polymerizing聚合ploymn polymerization聚合pos．positive(as an adjective)阳性的，正的powd．powdered粉末的，粉状的p．p.b．(ppb)parts per billion亿万分之(几) p.p.m．(ppm)parts per million百万分之(几) ppt．precipitate沉淀，沉淀物pptd．precipitated沉淀出的pptg．precipitating沉淀pptn precipitation沉淀Pr propyl (normal)丙基prac．practically实际上prep．prepare制备press．pressure压力prepd prepared制备的prepg preparing制备prepn preparation制备psi pounds per square inch磅/英寸2[=0.453592千克/(6．45100×10-4米2)] psia pounds per square inch alsolute磅/英寸2(绝对压力)pt pint品脱(=0.5682615升)purifn purification精制py pyridine(used only in formulas)吡啶qt．quality质量qual.qualitative(not qualitatively)定性的quant．quantitative(not quantitatively)定量的γ希文，消旋(不译)red．reduce，还原red reduction还原，减小ref．reference 参考文献rem roentgen equivalent man人体伦琴当量，雷姆rep roentgen equivalent physical物理伦琴当量repr.reproduction再生产，再生res.resolution分辨，分解，离析resp.respectively分别地rpm revolution per minute每分钟转数RNase ribonuclease核糖核酸酶sapon.saponification皂化sapond saponified皂化过的sapong saponifying皂化sat.saturate使饱和satd.saturated饱和的satg saturating饱和的satn.saturation饱和，饱和度sec second(s)秒，仲，第二的sep.separate分离sepd separated分离出的sepg separating分离的sepn separation分离sol.soluble可溶的soln solution溶液soly solubility(solys.for solubilities is not approved)可溶性，溶解度sp.gr.specific gravity比重sp.ht.specific heat比热sp.vol.specific volume比容std. standard标准suppl. supplement补篇sym. symmetrical对称的tech. technical技术的temp. temperature温度tert. Tertiary叔(指CH3…C(CH3)2—型烃基) thermodyn. Thermodynamics热力学titrn titration滴定unsym. unsymmetrical偏，不对称U. V. ultraviolet紫外线V volt(s)伏[特]vac.vacuun真空vapor vaporization汽化vol.volume (not volatile)体积vs versus对W.watt(s)瓦[特]wt.weight重量wk week星期。

14 化学常用缩写词（Abbreviation）Aa = active；activity 活性；活度a = atto- 渺；阿（托）；微微微［10-18）A = absorbance 吸光度A = ampere 安培（电）AA = aminoacid analyzer 氨基酸分析器AA = atomic absorption 原子吸收（法）AAD = atomic absorption detector 原子吸收检测器AAS = atomic absorption spectrometry 原子吸收光谱法A．A．S．= alkyl aryl sulphonate 磺酸烷基芳基酯ABCD = automatic basellne drift correction 自动基线漂移校正abnml = abnormal 反常的；异常的abr．= abridged；abridg（e）ment 节略的；摘要ahs．= absolute 绝对的ahs．= absorption 吸收ahs．E = absolute error 绝对误差ABS = acrylonitrile-butadlene-styrene ABS树脂；丙烯睛-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物ABS = alkylbenzene sulfonate 烷基苯磺酸盐abs．visc = absolute viscosity 绝对粘度ac．= acid 酸ac．= active；activity 活性；活度ac．a．；AC．A．= acetic acid 乙酸a．c．；A．C．= alternating current 交流（电）A．Ch．S．= American Chemical Society 美国化学学会ACI = allowable concentration Index 容许浓度指数acid．= acidification；acidified；acidify 酸化；酸化丁的ACS；A．C．S．= American Chemical Society 美国化学学会act．= active ；activity 活性；活度act．std = actual standard 现行标准activ．= activated 活性的AD = automatic detection 自动检测ADC = ascending-descending chromatographv 升降色谱（法）addl；addnl = additional 附加的addn-（l） = addition（al）加入；加合；加成；附加的ADI = acceptable daily intake 日容许摄入量adj．= adjustment 校准；调节ADP = adenosine diphosphate 腺苷二磷酸ADP = ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢铵ADP = automatic data processing 自动数据处理AE cellulose = aminoethyl cellulose 氨乙基纤维素AER = anion exchange resin 阴离子交换树脂AES = atomic emission spectrometry 原子发射光谱法AES-LEED = Auger electronic spectroscopy-low energy electron diffraction method 俄歇电子能谱低能电子衍射法AFC = automatic frequency control 自动频率控制AFD = alkali flame detector 碱火焰检测器AFID = alkali flame ionization detector 碱火焰电离检测器AFS = atomic fluorescence spectrometry 原子荧光光谱法AFT = automatic fine tuning 自动微调AGC = adsorption gas chromatography 吸附气相色谱（法）A．1．C．= American Institute of Chemists 美国化学师学会A．1．Ch．E．= American Institute of Chemical Engineers 美国化学工程师学会AID = argon ionization detector 氩电离检测器alc．= alcohol； alcoholic 醇；酒精；酒精的ALC = analyticl liquld chromatograph 分析（用）液相色谱仪ALC ；ale = ethyl alcohol 乙醇；酒精ald = aldehyde 乙醛alk = alkali；alkaline 碱；碱性alk = alkyl 烷基alky = alkalinity 碱性AMFID = alkali metal flame ionization detector 碱金属火焰电离检测器ammon．= ammoniacal 氨的amor．= amorphous 无定形amp；amps = ampere（s）安培Amp．= amplifier 放大器AMP = adenosione monophosphate；adenylic acid 腺苷一磷酸；腺苷酸AMS = accelerator mass-spectrometry 加速器质谱法Am．Std．= American Standards 美国标准AMU = atomic mass unit 原子质量单位anal．= Analogy；analogous 同属；类似；类似的anal．= analysis； analytical 分析；分析的Anal．Chem．= analytical chemistry 分析化学anh；anhyd = anhydride 酐anh；anhyd = anhydrous 无水的ANOV A = analysis of variance 方差分析AP = air pressure 空气压力；气压AP = all-purpose 通用的A．P．= American Patent 美国专利APDC = Ammonium pyrrolidine dlthiocarbamate 吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵app．= apparatus 装置；设备；仪器APR = Annual Progress Report 年度进展报告[特种文献〕Aq．= Water； aqueous 水；含水的AQL = acceptable quality level 合格标准；正品标准aq．reg．= aqua regia 王水aq．sol．= aqueous solution 水溶液ar．= aromatic 芳族的；芳香的ar．；Ar．= aryl（radical）芳基AR = analrtical reagent 分析试剂AR = analytical reagent grade 分析试剂纯；分析纯AR = annual report 年度报告；年报ARC = automatic range control 自动量程控制AS = auger spectroscopy 俄歇（电子）能谱法ASA = American Standards Association 美国标准协会A．S．C = automatic sensitivity control 自动灵敏度控制asmt．= assortment 品种；品级；分级Assn．Assoc(n) = Association 协会；学会ASTM = American Socity for Testing and Materials 美国材料试验学会at．= atomic 原子的at．= atomospheric 大气的A．T．= ambient temperature 环境温度atm．= atmosphere （pressure）； atmospheric 大气（压）；大气的at．no．；At．No．= atomic number 原子序数ATPR = Annual Technical Progress Report 年度技术进展报告A．T．U．= absorptiometric turbidity unit 吸收比色浊度单位at．wt．= atomic weight 原子量A．U．= absorbance unit 吸光度单位Aufs．= absorbance unit full scale 满刻度吸光度单位A V = acid value 酸值；酸价ave．；avg．= average 平均BBaP = benzo[α]pyrene 苯并［α］芘bcgd；bkgd．= background 本底BDDA = N-benzyldidodecylamine N-苄基双十二烷基胺BDHA = N-benzyldihexylamine N-苄基二己基胺BDHP = butyldihexylphosphinate 二己基次磷酸丁酯BDMDC = bismuth dimethylthiocarbamate 二甲基硫代氨基甲酸铋BDNA = benzyldnonylamine 苄基二壬基胺BDOA = benzyldioctylamine 苄基二壬基胺BDOPO = benzyldioctylphosphine oxide N-苄基二辛基氧膦BEHA = benzylethylhexylamine N-苄基-2-乙基已基胺Belg．Pat．= Belgium Patent 比利时专利Bep = benzo[e]pyrene 苯并[e]芘BESA = British Engineering Standards Association 英国工程标准协会Bipy = 2,2’-bipyridyl 2,2’-联吡啶BL；bl．= base line 基线BMA = polybutylmethacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯BOD = biochemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量BOP = butyl octyl phthalate 邻苯-甲酸丁基辛酯bp；b．p．；B．P．= boiling point 沸点BPC = bonded-phase chromatography （化学）键合（固定）相色谱法BPC = British pharmacopoeia codex 英国副药典B．Ph = British Pharmacopoeia 英国药典Bq = becquerel 贝克勒尔[放射性活度单位，等于1s-1 1Bq=27．027pCi]br．= brand 商标：牌号B．R．；b．r．= boiling range 沸程Brit． Pat．= British Patent 英国专利Br-PADAP = 2-（5-bromo-2-pyridylazo）-5-diethylaminophenol 2-（5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮）5-二乙氨基苯酚B．S．= British Standards 英国标准bu．alc．= butyl alcohol 丁醇bu．；BU = butyl 丁基bus．= bushel 蒲式耳[英制谷物容量单位，英=36.368L，美=35.238L]b．v．= by volume（％）按体积（％）b．w．= by weight（％）按重量（％）Bz = benzyl 苄基CCA = cellulose acetate 乙酸纤维素CA = Chemical Abstract 化学文摘cal．= calorie ；gram-calorie 卡calc．= Calculate(d) 计算（的）cal．val．= Calorific value 发热量；发热值CAMD = computer aided moleculardesign 计算机辅助分子设计Can．Pat．= Canadian Patent 加拿大专利cap．= capacity 容量；能力cap．= capillary 毛细管；毛细的cat．= catalyst ； catalytic； catalyzed 催化剂；催化的cat．= catalog（ue）目录；条目；总目CBPC = chemical honded phase chromatography 化学键合（固定）相色谱（法）CC = continuous current 直流（电）CCIX = continuous countercurrent ionexchange 连续逆流离子交换CCM = column chromatographic methd 柱色谱法CCS = Chinese Chemical Society 中国化学会CD = circular dichroism 圆二色性CD = coulometric detector 库仑检测器CDA = N-cyclohexyldodecylamine N-环己基十二烷基胺CDC = column development chromatography 柱展开色谱（法）CDTA = cyclohexane-diamine-tetraacetic acid 环己烷二胺四乙酸CEHA= N-cyclohexyl-2-ethylhexy-lamine N-环己基-2-乙基己基胺CER = cation exchange resin 阳离子交换树脂CETTA = N-（β-carboxyethyl）diethylene triaminetetraacetic acid N（β-羧乙基）二亚乙基三胺四乙酸c．/f．= carried forwad 转入下页cf．= confer 比较；参看CF = concentration factor 浓集因数CFM = polychlorotrifluoroethylene 聚氯三氟乙烯cfs = cubic feet per second 英尺3/秒CG = chromatographic grade ①色谱级（的）②；色谱用（的）［如某些离子交换树脂商名后附CG字样，为色谱专用的］CGC = capillary gas chromatography 毛细管气相色谱（法）CGS = centimetre-gram-second 厘米．克．秒（单位）制CHA = cyclohexylamine acetate 乙酸环己胺oh．E．= chemical engineering 化学工程Chem．= chemisty；chemical 化学；化学的C．H．U．= caloric heat unit 卡热单位Ci = curie 居里[放射性强度单位]CI = chemical ionization 化学电离CI = clearing index 净化指数CI = concentration Index 浓度指数CI = contamination index 污染指数CID = catalytic ionization detector 催化电离检测器CID = cheml-ionization detector 化学电离检测器cit．= citation 引证；引证文cit．= cited 引用的；引证的Cit = citrate 柠檬酸盐Clin = clinical（ly）临床的CMC = carboxymethyl cellulose 羧甲基纤维素CMC = critical micelle concentration 临界胶束浓度CMDMS = chloromethyl -dimethylsilane 氯甲基二甲基硅烷CMR = carbon magnetic resonance 碳核磁共振13 CMR = carbon-13 magnetic resonance 碳-13（核）磁共振CN = cellulose nitrate 硝酸纤维素CNAA = continuous neutron activation analysis 连续中子活化分析CoA = coenzyme A 辅酶ACOA = N-cyclohexyloctylamine N-环已基辛基胺COC = chemical oxygen consumption 化学耗氧量COD = chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量col．= column 柱coll．= colloidal 胶体的Coll．Ch．= colloid chemistry 胶体化学Co．Ltd．= company limited 有限公司comb．= combine 混合；结合；化合comp．= composition 组成；成分comp = compound ①胶料；②化合物conc．= conentrate； concentrated；concentration 浓缩；浓缩丁的；浓缩作用；浓度concn．= concentration = 浓度；浓缩cond．= co ndition 条件；情况cond．= conductivity 传导性；传导率cont．= content 含量cont．（s）= contain（s）含有；包含conv．（n）= conversion 转化；转变；换算co-op = co-operation 合作；协作cor．= corrected 校正的Corp．= corporation 公司；社团法人c．p．；CP = chemically pure 化学纯CPAA = charged particle activation analysis 带电粒子活化分析CPC = cetyl pyridinium chloride 氯化十六烷基吡啶CPE = chlorinated polyethylene 氯化聚乙烯cpm，c/m = counts per minute 每分钟计数CPU = central processing unit 中央处理机CPVC = chlorinated polyvinyl chloride 氯化聚氯乙烯cr．= crystalline 结晶的c．r．；C．R．= cathode ray 阴极射线crit．= Critical 临界的CRT = cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管Cry．= crystalline 结晶的crystn．= crystallization 结晶CT = computerized tomography 计算机化断层显像CTAB = cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide 溴化十六烷基三甲基铵CTAC = cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride 氯化十六烷基三甲基铵C TC；C．T．C．= carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳CTR = controlled thermonuclear reactor 受控热核反应堆；聚变堆C．T．U．= centigrade thermal unit 百分度热单位cur．= current 流；流行的；现在的C．V．= calorific value 卡值CVD = chemical vapor deposition 化学蒸气淀积；化学汽相淀积CyDTA = cyclohexane diaminetetraacetic acid 环己二胺四乙酸Dd；D = density 密度d- = dextro- 右旋的d；D = diameter 直径da = deca- 十[101]DAM ；DADPM = diamino-diphenyl-methane 二氨基二苯甲烷DAMD = dimethylaminomethyl dimethyl dithiocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸二甲胺甲酯Dan．Pat．= Danish Patent 丹麦专利DAP = di-alkyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二烷基酯DAPT = diamlnopropane-tetraacetic acid 丙二胺四乙酸dat．= Datum [单]数据；资料DBA = dibenzylamine 二苄基胺DBA = dibutylamine 二丁胺DBAE = dibutylamino-ethanol 丁基氨基乙醇DBAO = dibutylammonium oleate 油酸二丁基铵DBBP = dibutyl butylphosphonate 丁基磷酸二丁酯DBC = dibutylcarbitol 二丁基卡必醇DBC = dibutylcellosolve 二丁基溶纤剂DBDA = N,N-dibenzyldodecylamine 二苄基十二烷基胺dB/db = decibel 分贝［声强度单位］DBHA = dibenzylhexylamine 二苄基己基胺dbl．= double 双的；双重的DBMP = dibutylmethylphosphate 磷酸二丁基一甲基酯DBMP = dibutylmethylphosphonate 甲基磷酸二丁酯DBOA = dibenzyloctylamine 二苄基辛胺DBP = dibutylphosphate 磷酸二丁酯DBP = dibutyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯DBPP = dibutyl phenyl phosphonate 苯基磷酸二丁酯DBS = dodecyl benzene sulfonate 十二烷基苯磺酸盐d．c．= dispersing coefficient 分散系数d．c．；D．C．= direct current 直流（电）DC = diffusion constant 扩散常数DCB = 3,3’-dichlorobenzidine 3,3’-二氯联苯胺DCS = data collection srstem 数据收集系统DCTA = 1,2-diaminocyclohexane tetraacetic acid 环已二胺四乙酸DDB = dodecyl benzene 十二烷基苯DDC；DDCN = diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸二乙铵DDD = dimethylammonium dimehyldithiocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸二甲铵DDDC = diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸二乙基铵DDP = di-decyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二癸酯DDPA = dodecyl phosphoric acid 十二烷基磷酸；磷酸单十二烷基酯DDT = dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane 滴滴涕；双对氯苯基三氯乙烷DDTC = diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸盐DDVP = O,O-dimethyl-2,2-dichlorovinyl-phosphate 敌敌畏。

阅读材料4：美国《化学文摘》出版物中常用的缩写和符号（ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED IN CAS PUBLICATIONS）（Check the Index Guide for definitions of other abbreviations and symbols used in abstract titles and text）a atto-（10-18）渺；毫尘；微微微；10-18秒A ampere 安培A angstrom unit 埃；10-10米abs. absolute 绝对值abstr. abstract 抽象的；文摘a.c. alternating current 交流电addn. addition 增加；加法addnl. additional(ly) 另外的（地）alc. alcohol, alcoholic 酒精；乙醇的aliph. aliphatic 脂肪族的alk. alkaline(not alkali) 碱性的（不是碱）alky. alkalinity* 碱度a.m. ante meridiem 午前，上午amt. amount 总量amu. atomic mass unit 原子质量单位anal. analysis*, analytical(ly) 分析，分析的anhyd. anhydrous 无水的AO atomic orbital 原子轨道app. apparatus 仪器，装置approx. approximate(ly) 近似的（地）approxn. approximation 近似法aq. aqueous 水的，含水的arom. aromatic 芳香的，芳香族的assoc. associate 缔合assocd. associated 缔合了的assocg. associating 缔合的，缔合作用assocn. association 缔合作用asym. asymmetric(al)(ly) 不对称的（地）at. atomic(not atom) 原子的（不是原子）atm atomosphere(the unit) 大气压（单位）atm. atomosphere, atmospheric 大气的av. average 平均b. (followed by a figure denoting temperature) boils at, boiling at(similarly b13, at 13mm pressure) 后面跟一数字表示在该压力下的沸点bbl barrel 桶（石油容积单位，等于158．99升）bcc. body centered cubic 体心立方BeV or GeV billion electron volts 百万电子伏特BOD biochemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量μB Bohr magneton 波尔磁子b.p. boiling point 沸点Bq becquerel 贝克勒耳（放射性强度单位，1Bq=1秒-1=2．703⨯10-11居里）Btu British thermal unit 英国热单位bu bushel 蒲式耳（容量单位）Bu butyl(normal) 丁基（CH3(CH2)2CH2）c- centi-(10-2) 厘，百分之一C coulomb 库仑︒C degree Celsius(centigrade) 摄氏度cal calorie 卡（热量单位）calc. calculate 计算calcd. calculated 算清了的，设计负载calcg. calculating 计算的calcn. calculation 计算CD circular dichroism 圆二色性c.d. current density 电流密度cf. Compare(in bibliographic references only) 比较，参看（仅用于文献参考上）cfm cubic feet per minute 每分钟立方英尺chem. chemical(ly), chemistry 化学的，化学Ci curie 居里（放射性强度单位=3．7⨯1010）clin. clinical(ly) 临床的CoA coenzzyme A 辅酶ACOD chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量coeff. coefficient 系数com. commerical(ly) 商业的（地）compd. compound 化合物，混合物，复合物compn. composition 配方，成分，组成conc. concentrate 浓缩，提浓物concd. concentrated 浓的concg. concentrating 浓缩concn. concentration 浓度，浓缩cond. conductivity* 导电率，传导率const. constant 常数，恒量contg. containing 容量cor. corrected 合格的，校正的CP chemically pure 化学纯crit. critical(ly) 临界的cryst. crystalline(not crystallize) 结晶的crystd. crystallized 结晶的crystg. crystallizing 结晶crystn. crystallization 结晶作用cwt hundredweight 二十分之一吨（=112英镑或100美磅）d- deci-(10-1) （拉丁字头）分：十分之一d. density*(d13,density at 13︒refferred to water at 4︒; 20d, at 20︒referred to water at the same20temperature) 密度，强度，浓度，d13指该物料在13︒时与4︒的水相比的密度；20d指物料在2020︒时与相同温度的水相比的密度D debye unit 德拜单位（电偶极距单位，等于10-18静电单位厘米，或3．336⨯10-30库仑米）da- deka-(101) （构词成分）=decad.c. direct current 直流电decomp. decompose 分解decompd. decomposed 分解的decompg. decomposing 分解的，分解作用decompn. decomposition 分解，裂解degradn. degradation 降解，老化deriv. derivative 衍生物，导（函）数det. determine 测定detd. determined 测定的detg. determining 测定的detn. determination 测定diam. diameter 直径dil. dilute 稀释，淡的dild. diluted 稀释的dilg. diluting 稀释的diln. dilution 稀释，稀释度dissoc. dissociate 离解dissocd. dissociated 解离的dissocg. dissociating 离解的，离解作用dissocn. dissociation 离解作用，溶解distd. distilled 蒸馏过的，馏出的distg. distilling 蒸馏的，蒸馏作用distn. distillation 蒸馏作用d.p. degree of polymerization 聚合度dpm disintegrations per minute 每分钟裂变数E- exa-(1018) （词头指1018）ECG electrocardiogram 心电图ED effective dose 有效剂量EEG electroencephalogram 脑电流示波器elec.electric,electrical(ly) 电的emf.electromotive force 电动势emu electromagnetic unit 电磁单位en ethylenediamine (used in Wemer complexes only) 1,2乙二胺（仅用于韦尔纳络合物）equil.equilibrium(s) 平衡equiv.equivalent(the unit) 当量（单位）equiv.equivalent 当量的，相当的esp. especially 特别，尤其，主要est. estimate 估计量estd. estimated 估计的，测定的estg. estimating 评估，计算estn. estimation 估计，评价，判断esu electrostatic unit 静电单位Et ethyl 乙基，CH3CH2-et al. and others 等等（指人）etc. et cetera 等等（指事物）eV electron volt 电子伏特evap. evaporate 蒸发evapd. evaporated 蒸发的evapg. evaporating 蒸发，汽化evapn. evaporation 蒸发作用examd. examined 检验，检定试验examg. examining 检验的examn. examination 检验（法）expt. experiment 实验，试验exptl. experimental(ly) 实验的（地）ext. extract 提取，萃取，提取液extd. extracted 提取出的extg. extracting 提取物，提取extn. extraction 提取（法），萃取（法）F farad 法拉（电容单位）F degree Fahrenheit 华氏温度f- femto-(10-15) （词头，指10-15）fcc. Face centered cubic 面心立方fermn. fermentation 发酵f.p. freezing point 凝固点，冰点ft foot 脚，英尺ft-lb foot-pound 英尺-磅g gram 克g gravitational constant 万有引力常数(g) gas, only as in H2O(g) 气体（象H2O(g)这样用表示气体）G gauss 高斯（磁感应强度单位）G- giga-(109) （词头，指109）gal gallon 加仑Gy gray(absorbed radiation dose) 戈瑞（吸收辐射剂量）h hour 小时h- hecto-(102) （词头，指102）H henry 亨利（电感单位）ha hectare 公顷（等于100公亩或2．471英亩，合15市亩）Hb hemoglobin 血红蛋白hcp. hexagonal close-packed 六方密排Hz hertz(cycles/sec) 赫兹（周/秒）ID inhibitory dose 拟制剂量Ig immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白i.m. intramuscular(ly) 肌肉内的in. inch 英寸inorg. inorganic 无机的insol. insoluble 不溶（解）的i.p. intraperitoneal(ly) 腹膜内的IR infrared 红外（线）的irradn. irradiation 光渗，照射，用紫外线照射IU International Unit 国际单位i.v. intravenous(ly) 静脉内的J joule 焦耳（能量单位）k- kilo-(103) （词头，指103）K kelvin 开尔文（绝对温度）L liter 升（Litre）(l)liquid, only as in NH3(l) 液体，（象NH3(l)这样用来表示液体）lab. laboratory 实验室lb pound 磅LCAO linear combination of atomic orbitals 原子轨道线性组合LD lethal dose 致死（剂）量LH luteinizing hormone 促黄体（生成）激素liq. liquid 液体，液态的lm lumen 流明（发光度单位）lx lux 勒克司（照度单位）m meter 米，公尺，计，表m molal （重量）摩尔的，摩尔的，（重量）摩尔（浓度）的m- milli-(10-3) （词头，指10-3）m. melts at, melting at 熔化M molar （体积）摩尔的，摩尔的，（体积）摩尔浓度的M- mega-(106) （词头，指106）manuf. manufacture 制造，制造品，制造厂manufd. manufactured 制造的manufg. manufacturing 制造的math. mathematical(ly) 数学的，精确的max. maximum(s) 最大值Me methyl (not metal) 甲基CH3-（不是金属）mech. mechanical(ly) (not mechanism) 机械的，力学的（不是机理）metab. metabolism 新陈代谢mi mile 英里min minute(time) 分（时间）min. minimum(s) 最小值misc. miscellaneous 混杂的，多种的mixt. mixture 混合物MO molecular orbital 分子轨道mo month 月mol mole(the unit) 摩尔（单位）mol. molecule, molecular 分子（的）m.p. melting point 熔点mph miles per hour 英里/小时μ- micro-(10-6) （词头，指10-6）Mx maxwell 麦克斯韦（物理学磁量单位）n refractive index(20D n for 20︒ and sodium D light) 折射率，折光指数（20D n 表示在20︒和钠D光下的折射率）n- nano-(10-9) （词头，指10-9）neg. negative(ly) 阴电性的，负性的，负数，照相底片，反面，电负性的no. number 数目，数值，数字，记数，号码obsd. observed 观察的Oe oersted 奥斯忒（磁场强度单位）Ω ohm 欧姆（电阻单位）org. organic 有机的oxidn. oxidation 氧化作用oz ounce 盎司，英两p- pico-(10-12) （词头，指10-12）P poise 泊（粘度单位）P- peta-(1015) （词头，指1015）Pa pascal 帕斯卡p.d. potential difference 势差，位差，电位差Ph phenyl 苯基C 6H 5-phys. physical(ly) 物理的，物质的，身体的，物理学的p.m. post meridiem 下午polymd. polymerized 聚合的polymg. polymerizing 聚合polymn. polymerization 聚合作用pos. positive(ly) 正的，阳电性的，照片正片，肯定的，正面的powd. powdered 磨成粉状的ppb parts per billion 十亿分之一ppm parts per million 百万分之一ppt. precipitate 沉淀物，沉淀出，使沉淀pptd. precipitated 沉淀的，沉淀出的pptg. precipitating 沉淀的pptn. precititation 沉淀作用，析出Pr propyl(normal) 丙基CH3CH2CH2-prep. prepare 制备，精制prepd. prepared 精制的prepg. preparing 制备，准备prepn. preparation 准备，制剂，预备prodn. production 生产，制造psi pounds per square inch 磅/平方英寸psia pounds per sqrare inch absolute 磅/平方英寸，绝对压力psig pounds per square inch gage 磅/平方英寸，表压pt pint 品脱（容量单位）purifn. purification 提纯，净化，纯化，精制py pyridine(used in Werner complexes only) 吡啶C5H5N（仅用于威尔纳络合物中）Qt quart 夸脱（干量或液量单位）Qual. qualitative(ly) 定量的，数量上的Quant. quantitative(ly) 定性的，描述的，质的R roentgen 伦琴（射线）redn. reduction 还原，简化，减少ref. reference 参考，参考文献rem roentgen equivalent man 人体伦琴当量rep roentgen equivalent physical 物理伦琴当量reprodn. reproduction 繁殖，生殖，复制，仿造resoln. resolution 分辨，解析，拆开，溶解resp. respective(ly) 各自的，分别的（地）rpm revolutions per minute 转/分RQ respiratory quotient 呼吸商s second(time unit only) 秒（仅用于时间单位）(s)solid, only as in AgCl(s) 固体，仅用于如AgCl(s)S siemens 西门子sapon. saponification 皂化作用sapond. saponified 皂化了的sapong. saponifying 皂化sat. saturate 使饱和satd. saturateding 饱和的satg. saturation 饱和，饱和度satn. saturation 饱和s.c. subcutaneous(ly) 皮下的SCE saturated calomel electrode 饱和甘汞电极SCF self-consistent field 自洽场sec secondary(with alkyl groups only) 第二的（仅用于烷基原子团）sep. saparate(ly) 分离，脱离，插入sepd. saparated 分离的sepg. saparating 分开的sepn. saparation 分离，离析，分开sol. soluble 可溶的，可解释的soln. solution 溶液，溶解，数学解法soly. solubility 溶解度，溶解性，可溶的sp. specific(used only to qualify physical constant) 比值的（仅用于限定物理常数）sp.gr. specific gravity 比重sr steradian 球面度（物理）St stokes 托（运动粘度单位）Std. standard 标准，标准物，标准的sym. symmetric(al)(ly) 对称的T tesla 忒斯拉（磁通量单位）T- tera-(1012) （词头，指1012）tbs tablespoon 大汤匙tech. technical(ly) 技术的，工艺的，专业的temp. temperature 温度tert tertiary(with alkyl groups only) 叔，第三的（仅用于烷基原子团）theor. theoretical(ly) 理论的thermodn. thermodynamic(s) 热力学titrn. titration 滴定法tsp teaspoon 茶匙USP United States Pharmacopeia 美国药典UV ultraviolet 紫外线，紫外线的V volt 伏特（电压单位）vs. versus 与 相对vol. volume(not volatile) 体积（非挥发性的）W watt 瓦特（功率单位）Wb weber 韦伯（磁通量单位=108麦克斯韦）wk week 星期wt. weight 重量yd. yard 码（长度单位=3英尺）yr year 年说明：1、名词复数缩写形式是在单数缩写后加“s”。