文件生词malignancy恶性 ,恶性肿瘤hepatectomy肝切除术bilirubin胆红素bilirubinemia胆红素血症Hyperbilirubinemia高胆红素血症Indocyanine green吲哚花青绿indocyanine green retention靛青绿滞留量试验hepatic insufficiency肝功能不全,肝功能衰败jaundice黄疸retrospective review回首性检查intraoperative手术中的 ,术中parameters参数Logistic Regression Logistic 回归prognosis预后prognostic预后的hilar门的 ,脐的cholangiocarcinoma胆管上皮癌intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma肝内胆管癌anatomic解剖的 ,解剖学的hepatic hilus肝门perioperative围手术期的indicationcurativeresectionlikelihoodliver functionmetastasis hepatocellular carcinoma unexpectedcholestasisbiliary drainageextended hemihepatectomy Trisegmentectomy Chronic viral hepatitis cirrhosisserumon admission percutaneous transhepaticendoscopic biliary drainage endoscopicdrainage tubeportal vein 适应证 ,指征治愈的切除术可能性肝功能转移肝细胞癌不测的 ,突然的胆汁淤积胆汁引流扩大部分肝切除术三段切除慢性病毒性肝炎肝硬化免疫血清 ,血清住院时 ,住医院时经皮的经肝的内镜胆管引流 ,内镜胆管引流术内窥镜的 ;内窥镜检查的引流管 ,排液管门(静)脉,embolization peritoneal dissemination laparotomydistant metastasis Surgical Procedures anastomosis entericin terms of hemorrhage hemorrhagic hemolysis hemolytic hematology hematological hemodynamics coagulation status prothrombin time栓塞 ,栓塞术 ,栓子形成腹膜的播散 ,分布剖腹手术远端转移外科手术符合术肠的以的看法;以的方式出血出血性的溶血溶血的血液学血液的血流动力学高凝状态凝血酶原时间activated partial thromboplastin time激活部分促凝血酶原激酶时间antithrombin抗凝血酶thrombolytic溶血栓药 ,血栓溶解剂duration连续时间 ;时期nonlinear least squares method natural logarithmcategorizegalactose tolerance testhalf lifecomputed tomography scan contrast mediumbolusintegrated softwarevariablescontinuous variable categorical variable univariatemultivariateunivariate analysis multivariate analysis stepwise procedurechi square testcutoff valueOdds RatioMann Whitney testtailed 非线性最小平方法自然对数分类半乳糖耐量试验半衰期计算机体层拍照扫描 ,CT对照剂 ,造影剂推注集成软件变量连续变量分类变量单变量多变量单变量剖析多元剖析 ,多元统计剖析逐渐过程χ2查验 ,卡方查验 ,截断值比值比曼-怀二氏查验有尾的扫描receiver operating characteristic curve接受者（机）操作特点曲线morbidity and mortality decompressionin regard toliving related liver transplantation parenchymaliver parenchymaexcretoryparenchymalshrinkagebiotransformationadenosine triphosphate ammoniaAspartate Aminotransferase Alanine Aminotransferase Lactate Dehydrogenase alkaline phosphataseglutamylInferior Vena Cavaabdominal aortaParaaorticceliac axis 并发症和死亡率减压对于 ,至于活体家属供肝肝移植术实质肝实质排泄的 ,分泌的质的 ,主质的皱缩 ,皱缩度生物转变三磷腺苷氨天冬氨酸氨基转移酶丙氨酸氨基转移酶乳酸脱氢酶碱性磷酸酶谷氨酰基下腔静脉腹主动脉主动脉旁的腹腔干common hepatic artery proper hepatic artery superior mesenteric Artery Hepatic artery thrombosis pseudoaneurysm portacaval shunt arterialization angiographyocclusionoccludedcollateralconfluenceautologous vein graftporta hepatisPortal lymph nodesecond order biliary radicles lobar atrophycaudate lobefalciform ligament periampullary Retroduodenaljejunum (jejunal)肝总动脉肝固有动脉肠系膜上动脉肝动脉血栓形成假性动脉瘤门(静脉与 )腔静脉分流术动脉化血管造影术闭塞堵塞闭塞的侧的 ,侧支 ,副的合流 ,汇流自体静脉移植物肝门肝门淋奉承二级胆管根肝叶萎缩尾状叶肝镰状韧带壶腹四周的十二指肠后的空肠（的）ileum (ileal)colon(colonic)rectum (rectal)anal canaloncologyoncologicalneoplasmneoplasticneoplastic seedingpapillary tumor adenocarcinoma cystadenomatestisgastrinomasquamous cell carcinoma carcinoid tumorssarcomafocal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) parenchymal disease advanced cancerwell differentiatednodule 回肠（的）结肠（的）直肠（的）肛管肿瘤学肿瘤学的肿瘤，重生物肿瘤的，重生物的肿瘤播种乳头瘤腺癌囊腺瘤睾丸胃泌素瘤鳞状细胞癌类癌瘤子局灶性结节性增生器质性疾病后期癌症分化优秀结节nodal metastases therapeutic effect neoadjuvant chemotherapy radiofrequency ablation arterial chemoembolization infiltrating macroscopically carcinoembryonic antigen indication contraindication preoperative workup postoperative morbidity rate operative approach radical operationen blocinoperablepalliativediagnostic laparoscopy non-therapeutic laparotomy invasive techniques procedural complications pancreaticoduodenectomy 淋奉承转移疗效新协助化疗射频消蚀动脉化疗性栓塞浸润肉眼 [检查 ]的;目视的癌胚抗原适应症指征禁忌证术前全面评估术后并发症发生率手术入路根治术 ,根治性手术整个地 ,整块地不可以手术的 ,不可以做手术的姑息的诊疗性腹腔镜检查非治疗性剖腹探查术微创技术手术并发症胰十二指肠切除术Adrenalectomy肾上腺切除术thrombectomy血栓摘除术lymphadenectomy淋奉承切除术Lymph Node Dissection淋奉承打扫术lymph node harvest淋奉承打扫end to side anastomosis端侧符合术hepaticojejunostomy肝空肠符合术cholecystectomy胆囊切除术Caudate lobectomy尾状叶切除术radiopharmaceutical agent放射性药剂iodized oil碘化油absolute ethanol无水乙醇scintigraphy闪耀扫描术helical螺旋的 ,螺旋状 ,螺旋状的cross sectional imaging横断层面成像magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)磁共振成像endoscopy retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)内镜下逆行胆胰管造影magnetic resonancecholangiopancreatography(MRCP)磁共振胰胆管成像intraoperative ultrasonography术中超声检查法contrast enhanced computed tomography对照加强扫描 CTpositron emission tomography PET正电子发射断层扫描cholangiogram Recurrencefollow upconcomitant comorbiditiesbleeding extravasation hemobiliabiliary fistulapleural effusionlung edema splenomegaly hypersplenismhepatic encephalopathy ascitessubphrenic abscess endotoxaemia myocardial infarction pyrexialhypothermicBiliary Stricture 胆管造影复发随访伴发的 ,附随的并存病出血 ,流血外渗 ,溢出胆道出血胆瘘胸腔积液肺水肿脾肿大脾功能亢进肝性脑病腹水膈下脓肿内毒素血症心肌梗死发热的低体温的胆管狭小steatohepatitisfatty liveradipose tissueprimary sclerosing cholangitis anginasepsisperfusionex vivoin situright upper quadrant proximal partperineuralbifurcationipsilateralInstitutional Review Board Ethics Committees predispose toplatelethyperalimentationcirrhoticmorbiditymedications 脂肪性肝炎脂肪肝脂肪组织原发性硬化性胆管炎心绞痛败血症 ,脓毒症灌输离体 ,在活体外原位右上象限近心端神经四周的二根分叉部 ,分岔身体的同侧的 ,同侧的机构审察委员会伦理学委员会易患，使易感染、引发血小板高营养支持硬变的并发症，发病率用药dislodgegonadalHistologicfrozen sectionatrophyhypertrophy proliferation hyperplasiaStem cellsbone marrow derived epitheliumencasedreconstruction inflammatorybroad spectrum antibiotics blood cultureGram Negative bacillus cut surfacestentcatheterdirect cannulation spectrophotometer 移去 ,逐出 ,拿出性腺的 ,生殖腺的组织学的冰冻切片萎缩肥大 ,过分生长增生 ,增殖增生 ;数目性肥大干细胞骨髓衍生的上皮 ,上皮细胞包裹重修 ,再造 ,重构炎症性的广谱抗菌素血培育革兰阴性 [芽胞 ] 杆菌切面支架导管直接插管分光光度计rupturesomatostatinExtracellular MatrixcohortLength of Stayafter dischargestratifiedclear cutIn this regardcome at a cost progressivelyrationalehomogeneous heterogeneousputativeomnipotentas controlspreconditioned preconditioning prospectivelyprospective randomized date Disease-Specific survival 破碎 ,vt.(使)破碎生长抑素细胞外基质同期组群住院时间出院后分层的 ,成层的明确的在这方面是有代价的进行性地 ,渐进地原理 ,基础理论同类的同质的异类的 ,不一样的假设的全能的 ,无所不可以的作为比较预办理预办理前瞻性前瞻性随机数据疾病特异性生计率irreversible不行逆的references参照Cochrane循证医学cholangiopancreatography胰胆管造影术resolution分辨率（信心，决策解决）herein这样 ,基于，在此处iatrogenic医源性palliation和缓 ,减少running suture连续缝合orthotopic liver transplantation原位肝移植chemoradiation放化疗preneoplastic change癌前变化carcinogenesis致癌作用dysplasia发育不良 ,不典型增生endoprosthesis内镜置管术pruritus瘙痒pruritis瘙痒症Etiology (aetiology)病原学etiologic病原学的epidemiology流行病学epidemiological流行病学的pathophysiology病理生理学lesionRadionuclidenitrosaminepathogenesiscarcinoidMucinous Adenocarcinoma Clear cell adenocarcinoma Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma Adenosquamous Carcinoma Squamous Cell CarcinomaOat Cell Carcinoma Undifferentiated Carcinoma PapillomatosisPapillary Carcinoma hepatoblastoma Haemangioendothelioma neuroendocrine tumour Leiomyosarcomamalignant fibrous histiocytoma nodular tumorscachexiasterilize 病变放射性核素亚硝胺类发病体制类癌黏液腺癌透明细胞腺癌印戒细胞腺癌腺鳞状癌鳞状细胞癌燕麦细胞癌未分化癌乳头状瘤病乳头状癌肝母细胞瘤血管内皮瘤神经内分泌瘤光滑肌瘤子恶化纤维组织细胞瘤结节性肿瘤恶液质灭菌 ,消毒surgical radicality angiogeneticangiogenic antiangiogenic chemosensitization photosensitizerirradiation conformational radiotherapy brachytherapy stereotactic interventional radiology oxaliplatindoxorubicingemcitabine immunosuppressant Portographycontrast agentlipiodolIodophorcystic ductcholedochal duct choledochal cysts手术的根治性血管生成血管源性的，生成血管的抗血管生成的化疗增敏感光剂 ,光敏剂放射，照耀适形放射治疗短距离放射治疗立体定位的 ,立体定向的介入放射学奥沙利铂多柔比星吉西他滨免疫克制剂门静脉造影术对照剂 ,造影剂碘油碘伏胆囊管胆总管胆总管囊肿Choledocholithiasis hepatolithiasisoriental cholangiohepatitis Biliary malformationLiver flukeprotocoltherapeutic regimen Palliative TreatmentSigns and Symptoms plethoraDifferential Diagnosis Randomized Controlled Trials enterocinesiaLigationluminal obstruction screeningpredisposing factor enhanced susceptibility hyperbaric oxygen treatment asymptomaticindolentIntractable Pain 胆总管结石肝内胆管结石病东方人胆管肝炎胆管畸形肝吸虫治疗方案治疗方案姑息治疗体征和症状多血症 ,多血质鉴识诊疗随机比较试验肠动 ,肠蠕动结扎术官腔堵塞普检 ,筛查 ,挑选易感要素加强易感性高压氧治疗无症状的无痛的固执性痛苦visceralsteatosislatencyside effectsdecompensationanoxiaanoxicanoxemia.ischemiaIschemia-Reperfusion Injury ischemic changeanemiapyogenicpurulenthepatomegalyumbilical fissurecytokineneuropeptide neurotransmitterfluorescence in situ hybridization necrosisnecrocytosis 内脏的脂肪变性潜藏期副作用失代偿缺养症缺氧的缺氧血症 ;血缺氧局部缺血 ,缺血缺血再灌输损害缺血性改变贫血化脓的化脓性 ,脓性的肝肿大裂脐细胞因子神经肽神经递质荧光原位杂交坏死细胞坏死apoptosisapoptotic desmoplastic reaction oncogene Suppressor Genes geneticepigenetic change hypermethylation sequential occurrence stepwise mesenchymal morphologyatypiaPhenotype dehydrationparaffin impregnation embeddingserial section anesthesia anesthesiology anesthetist凋亡细胞凋亡的纤维成形性反响癌基因克制基因遗传的基因外改变超甲基化次序发生分步的 ,分段的 ,逐渐的间质形态非典型 ,异型性表型脱水白腊浸渍 ,受精 ,受孕包埋 ,埋植连续切片麻醉麻醉学麻醉师palpationorificeone orificeintubatepancreatic secretion centrifuge cannulationreactive oxygen species recanalizationCeliac Plexus arteriolarCollateral Circulation intimasubintimal mitochondria multifocalendemicamenablemore specifically mainstaykinklethal 触诊管口 ,口,小孔一个管口插管胰腋离心 ,,离心计管子活性氧再通，再穿通腹腔丛微动脉的 ,小动脉的侧支循环内膜内膜下的线粒体多病灶的地方性的合适的更详细地说主要依照扭折 ,纽结致命的peculiarity armamentarium demarcate paucity migration interim report nihilistic enigmatic occult autopsy detritus antegrade retrograde endogenous exogenous intracorporeal extracorporeal autocrine paracrine xenogenic cryptogenic insidiously 特征医疗设施 ,设施划界限 ,分开 ,差别资料困穷移位中期报告虚无主义的难理解的，神奇的隐藏的，潜隐的尸检腐屑 ,腐质 ,碎屑顺行的逆行的内源的 ,内生的外源的 ,外生的体内的体外的自分泌旁分泌异体的 ,异种的隐原性的 ,原由不明的隐袭地congenital hereditarypitfallBiliary anomalies cholecystolithiasis cholecystitis choledocholithiasis total bilirubin unconjugated bilirubin conjugated bilirubin bile plugsinusoidsinusoidal transjugular portosystemic shunt hepatic coma hyperammonaemia hypoalbuminemia neuropsychiatric confusion disorientation astrocyte 天生的 ,天生的遗传的 ,遗传性的缺点胆道畸形胆囊结石胆囊炎胆总管结石总胆红素游离胆红素联合胆红素胆栓血窦，窦状隙血窦的窦状隙的经颈静脉的门体分流术肝昏倒高氨血症低白蛋白血症神经精神性的意识错杂 ,意识模糊定向阻碍星形胶质细胞inflammatory mediator炎症介质neutrophil (neutrophilic granulocyte)嗜中性粒细胞macrophagephagocyte phagocytosismitogen reticuloendothelial system Synthasedysregulation chromosomenuclear atypia nucleotidemitochondria mitochondrial microsomemicrosomaldetoxifydetoxification carcinogenmutagencarbohydrate antigen glycoprotein 巨噬细胞吞噬细胞吞噬作用促细胞分裂原 ,有丝分裂原网状内皮系统合酶调理异样 ,失调染色体核异型核苷酸线粒体线粒体的微粒体微粒体的去毒 , 解毒，戒烟毒解毒 (作用 ),脱毒 ,戒毒治疗致癌物诱变剂 ,致突变原糖类抗原标记物 ,糖链抗原糖蛋白extirpationmalignant transformation forceps biopsytranspapillarystenosisstenoticpatency ratevasculaturediffuse intravascular coagulation coagulant and fibrinolytic systems circulatory disturbance Vascular Permeability vasodilatationvasopressorvasopressinendothelinprostaglandinSaphenous Veinsreninangiotensinaldosteroneoestrogen (estrin)摘除恶变 ,恶性转变钳夹活检 ,钳夹活检术经十二指肠乳头狭小狭小的畅达率脉管系统弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)凝血和纤溶系统循环杂乱血管通透性血管扩充血管升压类药物加压素内皮缩血管肽前列腺素隐静脉肾素血管紧张素醛固酮雌激素progestogen (progestin)孕激素androgen (androtin)雄激素testosterone睾酮acute tubular necrosis急性肾小管坏死oedema水肿oliguria少尿症diuretic(a)利尿剂haemofiltration血液滤过dialyse透析dialysate(Dialysis Solutions)透析液acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘况综合征(ARDS)diaphragmdyspneapulmonary oedema ventilatory dysfunction Total Parenteral Nutrition enteral nutrition malabsorption venoplastyhematomaperforation paracentesis横隔呼吸困难肺水肿通气功能阻碍全胃肠外营养肠道营养汲取不良血管成形术血肿穿孔穿刺 ,穿刺术granulomatous inflammation Bacterial Translocationthe administration of antibiotics prophylactic antibiotics synbiotic therapyfree radicallactatemalaiseepisodeidiopathictracerrelaparotomymild to moderate multifactorialiohexolprocainelidocaineanalgesiadehiscencecryopreserveddiscriminant analysis cadaveric 肉芽肿性炎症细菌移位抗生素的应用预防性抗生素合生元治疗自由基乳酸盐不适感 ,浑身乏力发生特发性的 ,自觉性的示踪剂再手术轻度到中度多因子的 ,多要素的碘海醇普鲁卡因利多卡因镇痛裂开冷藏保留的鉴识剖析尸体的subjectsobliterationmilieupotentschematic diagram misidentificationalgorithmstrong echoacoustic shadowhyperecho(ic)isoecho(ic)hypoecho(ic)anecho(ic)aseptic techniqueasepsisantisepsisemergency operationconfine operationselective operationevidence-based medicine polymerase chain reaction (PCR)受试者涂去 ,抹消 ,删除环境 ,境地有力的 ,有效的表示图 ,原理图错误认可 ,错认公式 ,算法 ,推导强回声声影高回声（的）等回声（的）低回声（的）无回声（的）无菌术灭菌消毒急诊手术限时手术择期手术循证医学聚合酶链反响inquiry问诊chief complaints主诉history collection病史收集history of present illness现病史past history既往史personal history个人史marital history婚姻史menstrual history月经史child bearing history生育史family history家族史physical examination体格检查inspection视诊palpation触诊percussion叩诊auscultation听诊abdominal pain腹痛abdominal distension腹胀diarrhea腹泻constipation便秘nausea恶心vomit呕吐stool大便urine小便aspiration误吸asphyxia (apnea)窒息atelectasis肺不张arrhythmia心律失态cardiac arrest心脏骤停ventricular fibrillation心室纤颤hyperthermia高热hypothermia低温Natrium(sodium)钠Kalium(potassium)钾Chlorine氯Calcium钙Magnesium镁Phosphorus磷ion离子homoeostasis体内均衡derangement杂乱isotonic dehydration等渗性缺水hypotonic dehydration低渗性缺水hypertonic dehydration高渗性缺水water intoxication水中毒hyponatremia hypernatremia hypochloremia hyperchloremia hypokalemiahyperkalemia hypocalcemia hypercalcemia hypomagnesemia hypermagnesemia hypophosphatemia hyperphosphatemia metabolic acidosis metabolic alkalosis respiratory acidosis respiratory alkalosis hematocrit (Hct) autologous blood transfusion salvaged autotransfusion predeposited autotransfusion hemodiluted autotransfusion cryoprecipitate低钠血症高钠血症低氯血症高氯血症低钾血症高钾血症低钙血症高钙血症低镁血症高镁血症低磷血症高磷血症代谢性酸中毒代谢性碱中毒呼吸性酸中毒呼吸性碱中毒血细胞比容自体输血回收式自体输血预存式自体输血稀释式自体输血冷积淀furunclefurunculosiscarbuncleacute lymphangitis erysipelasabscessdermoid cancer melanoticmelanomalipomaneurinoma neurofibromacapillary hemangioma angiocavernoma racemosum hemangioma sebum cysttetanusgangrene superinfection septicemia debridementsimple goiter疖疖病痈急性淋巴管炎丹毒脓肿皮肤癌黑痣黑色素瘤脂肪瘤神经鞘瘤神经纤维瘤毛细血管瘤海绵状血管瘤蔓状血管瘤皮脂腺囊肿破伤风坏疽二重感染败血症清创术纯真性甲状腺肿hyperthyroidism hypothyroidismmastitismastopathy mastectomyteratomainguinal herniafemoral hernia incisional herniaumbilial herniahernia of linea alba interloop abscess helicobacter pylory(HP) pyloric obstruction vagotomylymphomaduodenal diverticulum intussusceptionpolypsulcerative colitisrectal prolapse anorectal abscess 甲亢甲减乳腺炎乳腺病，乳腺增生症乳房切除术畸胎瘤腹股沟疝股疝切口疝脐疝白线疝肠间脓肿幽门螺杆菌幽门堵塞迷走神经切断术淋巴瘤十二指肠憩室肠套叠息肉溃疡性结肠炎直肠脱垂直肠肛管四周脓肿anal fistulaanal fissure haemorrhoidsinternal haemorrhoids external haemorrhoids mixed haemorrhoids annulus haemorrhoids proctocolectomymajor operation omentum pancreaticobiliaryBile canaliculus mediastinumquadrate lobeorganicinterferonglomerular filtration rate Fulminant Liver Failure Nephrotic Syndrome enteropathy Esophageal cancer gastroesophageal varices 肛瘘肛裂痔内痔外痔混淆痔环形痔直肠与结肠切除术大手术网膜胰胆管的胆怯管纵隔方叶有机的 ,器官的扰乱素肾小球滤过率暴发性肝衰竭肾病综合征肠病 ,肠病变食管癌胃食管静脉曲张Supine Position informed consent sequelae demarcate postprandialto date regarding serologic Serology hepaplastin test ureahemeanionic 仰卧位知情赞同后遗症 ,转归划界限 ,分开 ,差别食后的迄今为止对于血清学的血清学肝促凝血活酶试验尿素血红素阴离子的。
