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⑤通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。 slowly real → ______ really slow → ______ usual →______ usually careful→______ carefully easy → easily ______
happily happy→ ______
heavily heavy →______
形容词和副词的 比较级和最高级
一、形容词和副词的概念
形容词:是修饰名词(人或事物),表示名 词的性质,特征或属性的一种词类。 它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。 副词:用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词 的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.
二、形容词和副词的用法
①形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的 名词之前。 如: a new book, two big trees 等。 ②形容词放在系动词be 、look、sound、 keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 grow、 smell 、 turn 、 get、 等之后。 如:1.I am short. 2.She looks fine. 3.The leaves turn yellow in autumn.
比较状语从句中的某一部分或整个状语从句有 时可以省略。
。
1.Which do you like ______(well),apples better or oranges? older 2.Who is ______(old),Jim or Tom ? faster 3.Jack is running faster _____ and ______(fast) . more 4.Our country is becoming ______and more beatiful(beautiful). ___________ the taller 5.He is ________(tall) of the the two boys.
1.The new building is higher than the old one.
The weather in Harbin is nicer than that in Hefei. 比较级必须在同类中进行,即人与人比,物与 物比,而且比较结构前后的词语要对称, 特别注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出现 的替代词 that ,those, one ,ones.
③如果形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing, someone,等时,要放在不定代 词后面。 如:something interesting nothing new ④副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副 词之前。 如: 1.She works hard .(修饰动词) 2. He runs fast. (修饰动词) 3. I jump high. (修饰动词) 4. We play happily. (修饰动词) 5.I am very busy.(修饰形容词) 6.He runs too quickly .(修饰副词)
(3) the +序数词 +形容词最高级+名词单数 “第几…”
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
(4) one of +the +形容词最高级 +名词复数, 意为“最…之 一”。 Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.
2.比较级:表示两者之间的比较。意为“较……”或 “更…… 一些”。 标志词:than (比) 单音节词通常是-er结尾;多音节或部分双音节 词通常在之前加more. 如:smaller, better, taller, older, more, harder more interesting , more quickly 3.最高级:表示三者或三者以上的人或物之间 的比较。 意为“最……”。 标志词:in/of 介词短语 单音节词通常是-est结尾;多音节或部分双音节 词通常在之前加most. 在形容词的最高级前必须加the; 副词之前可以不加。 如 :smallest, tallest, newest, best most interesting, most difficultly
comfortably comfortable→ ______
三、形容词和副词的级
形容词和副词有三个等级: 原级、比较级、最高级
1.原级:即形容词和副词的原形。 ① 程度副词very,too,so,quite,pretty等修 饰形容词和副词的原级。 ② as…as ,(与…一样) not as/so…as (与…不一样)中间用原级。
7. Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family .
在使用形容词最高级时,一定要把自己包括 在比较的范围内。 8.Beijing is the second largest city in China . 当表示“第几大/长/高”等意思时,经常在最高 级的前面加序数词second, third等。
5. 多音节词和部分双音节词在前面加more
①部分双音节:crowded serious careful loudly clearly quietly slowly quickly cheaply ②多音节:popular delicious expensive comfortable beautiful interesting
than前后句子的时态要相同。通常用be动词 情态动词can, may, must, could, should和助动 词do, does ,did, will,have等来简答。
4.I have more pens than you (do). He has less money than me. many,much,little,few等词必须带名词。
原级
good well
比较级
better worse more less
最高级
best worst most least
两好、
特 殊 情 况
bad ill many much little两Leabharlann 、两多、一少、 一老.
far
farther
farthest
一远 、
原级 good/well
比较级 better
12.This room is three times as big as that one. This room is twice bigger than that one. 表示“…是…的几倍”,用“倍数+as+原级+as” 结构,或者用“倍数+比较级+than”结构。 13. I am taller now than ( I was ) before. The weather in Heifei is better today than ( it was ) yesterday.
The singer is more and more popular.
⑸ the +比较级 , the + 比较级,表示越…越…
e.g The more , the better.
The harder you study,the better grades you will get. 注意:比较级可用much ,far ,a lot ,a little ,a bit 等修饰.
最高级规则变化口诀:
最高级,很容易,一般词尾加est。
词尾若有哑音e, 直接就加st。
重读闭音节, 单辅音字母要双写。
辅音字母加y, 记得把y变为i。 多音节,考考你,the most到底加哪里?
1. 一般情况在词尾加-est。 2.以字母e结尾的,加-st nice fine late white large close 3.以重读闭音节结尾且结尾只有一个辅音字母, 先双写该辅音字母,再加-est big fat thin hot red wet 4.辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加-est easy happy busy heavy early friendly funny
5. The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
one of+ the+最高级+复数名词
6. Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who draws the best, Jim , Mike or Tom? Which/Who…+ 比较级,A or B? Which/Who…+ 最高级,A ,B or C?
四 、形容词、副词比较等级的用法 1.原级: ① 程度副词very,too,so,quite,pretty等修饰形 容词和副词的原级。 如:very tall、 too hot、 so cold quite interesting pretty bad ② as…as (与…一样), not as/so…as (与…不一样)中间用原级。 The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one.
Find out the mistakes in the sentences below. 1. All of us felt happily happy at her birthday party. 2. I am more much older than Harry.
2. 比较级主要句型有:
⑴比较级+than e.g Mary is much younger than Sue. ⑵Who/ Which … +比较级,AorB? e.g Who draws better ,Tom or Jim? Which do you like better ,math or English? ⑶ 比较级+ and+比较级,表示越来越… e.g The days are getting shorter and shorter.