2013年高考英语试题分类解析 动词与动词短语

[试卷总评]本试卷分为英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作三部分。

其中，英语知识运用分为单项选择和完形填空；写作部分包括改错和作文。

英语知识运用：第1题考查习惯用语；第2题考查动词短语辨析；第3题考查并列连词；第4题考查定语从句；第5题考查非谓语动词；第6题考查情态动词；第7题考查时态；第8题考查近义词辨析；第9题考查冠词和比较级；第10题考查强调句型；第11题考查介词辨析；第12题考查倒装句型；第13题考查冠词；第14题考查不定代词；第15题考查交际引语。

十五道单项选择题都是对基础知识的考查，难度不大，只要掌握有关的基本语法知识，正确回答是不难的。

完形填空主要是对名词、形容词、动词和动词短语的考查，选项没有设置太难的生词，审清题目，联系前后文不难做出判断。

阅读理解：阅读理解有5篇，前4篇是常规题目，题目的设置主要集中在对文章细节的把握上，题目不是太难，每道题目都能在文章中找到依据；例如第36题，依据是文章第一句话；第37题在第二段的最后一句；第40题在第一段的最后一句；第41题在第三段的最后一句；第48题在Gift No.1的第一句；其中有两道猜测词义题（38题，41题），学生联系句子和段落大意不难选出正确的选项。

最后一篇重在考查学生总结段意和前后联系的能力，第51题需要联系文章标题Public Speaking Training, Get a coach和51后依据中的so来判断，E项提到了public speaking。

写作：短文改错题着重对语法知识的考查。

第1处的I’m reading是定语从句，of多余，这个错误比较难判断，需要有扎实的语法，特别是定语从句的知识；第2处主要考查非谓语动词，动词原形不能作主语，但是动名词和不定式可以作主语，动名词作主语时，谓语用单数，因此把Have改为Having，此处不难改正；第3处考查非限制性定语从句，学生容易忽视句中的逗号，非限制性定语从句不能用that引导；第4处考查时态，应该用过去时，比较容易改正；第5处考查冠词，特指一天用the；第6处考查词形转换，interesting是形容词，不能修饰整个句子，应该用副词，这一空容易被学生忽略；第7处考查固定搭配，have a connection with...与......有联系；第8处考查被动语态，被动语态的结构是be+过去分词，drink的过去分词是drunk；第9处考查名词，cup可数，这里应该用复数；第10处考查词形转换，make for后加名词，grow的名词是growth。

2013年高考英语试题分类解析动词与动词短语【2013福建】24. Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which________ spending quite a lot of time with students.A. enjoysB. involvesC. practicesD. suggests 【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。

A项“喜欢”；B项“需要，包含”；C项“练习”；D 项“建议；暗示”。

句意为：Michelle找到一份做高中教师的工作，需要花很多时间与学生在一起。

故答案选B。

【2013福建】28. Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks________ in disasters.A. turn downB. turn outC. break downD. break out 【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。

A项“调小，拒绝”，B项“结果证明…”，C项“出故障，分解”，D项“爆发”。

根据句意：当发生灾难无线网络无法用的时候，老式的电话就有作用了。

故答案为C。

【2013湖北】23. While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.A. sacrificeB. substituteC. simplifyD. survive【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。

根据句意：聪明人经常会让复杂的问题简单化，而傻瓜更可能将简单的东西弄得更复杂。

【2013湖北】24. According to the law, all foreigners have to ______ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.A. associateB. disputeC. negotiateD. register【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。

2013---2015年高考英语分项解析精编版专题4 动词和动词短语1.【2015·浙江】16. If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to on the sea?A. floatB. drownC. shrinkD. split2.【2015·浙江】11 . We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or our emotions than for straight facts.A. block off.B. appeal toC. subscribe toD. come across3.【2015·浙江】7. Body language can a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.A. take awayB. throw awayC. put awayD. give away4.【2015·浙江】5. Studies have shown that the right and left ear sound differently.A. produceB. pronounceC. processD. download5.【2015·天津】10. Tom had to______ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.A. turn inB. turn downC. turn overD. turn to6.【2015·天津】11. If you have any doubts about your health, you’d better______ your doctor at once.A. convinceB. consultC. avoidD. affect7.【2015·天津】14 See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn’t ______ sense to buy thecheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.A. haveB. makeC. displayD. bring8.【2015·陕西】25. Peter will his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.A. take upB. put upC. add upD. break up9.【2015·福建】25.It is said that body language 55 per cent of a first impression w-hile what you say just 7 per cent.A. lies inB. accounts forC. consists ofD. goes with10.【2015·江苏】29.The whole team _____ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.A. wait onB. focus onC. count onD. call on1 1.【2015·江苏】27.The university started some new language programs to _____ the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt.A. apply toB. cater forC. appeal toD. hunt for1 2.【2015·安徽】22.If you come to visit China, you will ______ a culture of amazing depth and variety.A. developB. createC. substituteD. experience1 3.【2015·湖北】23.The team are working hard to ___ the problem so that they can find the best solution.A.faceB.preventC.raiseD.analyze【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：团队正在努力分析这一问题一遍找到解决问题的方法。

2013年高考英语试题分类解析动词的时态和语态【2013北京】23. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet _______ into at least ten different films over the past years.A. had been madeB. was madeC. has been madeD. would be made【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。

根据此句标志词over the past years应使用现在完成时态。

故选C。

【2013北京】25. --- Do you think Mom and Dad _______ late? --- No, Swiss Air is usually on time.A. wereB. will beC. would beD. have been【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。

根据句意：你认为父母会迟到吗？可知答案为一般将来时态，故选B。

【2013北京】28. Hurry up! Mark and Carl _______ us.A. expectB. are expectingC. have expectedD. will expect【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。

根据Hurry up!可知，Mark和Carl正在等我们。

故选B，现在进行时态。

【2013北京】32. --- So what is the procedure?-- All the applicants _______ before a final decision is made by the authority.A. interviewB. are interviewingC. are interviewedD. are being interviewed【答案】C【解析】考查动词的语态和时态。

句中applicants与interview之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态；且句子所描述的为一般情况，故用一般现在时态的被动语态。

动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词类，它是构成句子的核心，是一个句子中不可缺少的成分。

在考试大纲及考试说明中，动词占总词汇量的１/３以上，起着举足轻重的作用。

动词和动词短语在历年高考题中所占比例最大，着重考查在不同的语境中对动词及动词短语的应用，以测试学生对基础知识的掌握程度。

考纲要求考生在复习备考中主要掌握以下几个方面：１动词的词义；２动词搭配；３及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法；４熟记高频动词构成的短语的用法（例如：break，bring，call，come，cut，give，go，get，hold，look，make，put，set，take，turn等）。

１．（２0１３·湖北，２３）While intelligent people can often________the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.A．sacrifice B．substitute C．simplify D．survive２．（２0１３·福建，２8）Old—fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________ in disasters.A．turn down B．turn outC．break down D．break out３．（２0１３·湖北，２４）According to the law, all foreigners have to________with the local police within two weeks of arrival.A．associate B．dispute C．negotiate D．register４．（２0１３·江苏，２３）—The town is so beautiful! I just love it.—Me too.The character of the town is well ________.A．qualified B．preservedC．decorated D．simplified５．（２0１３·江苏，２9）T eam leaders must ensure that all members ________ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.A．get over B．look overC．take over D．come over6．（２0１３·陕西，２５）My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking，but at least he has ________. A．cut out B．cut downC．cut up D．cut off7．（２0１３·天津，２）If you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to________a hanＤ．A．lend B．shake C．wave D．want8．（２0１３·新课标Ⅰ，２３）Try not to cough more than you can________since it may cause problems to your lungs.A．check B．allow C．stop D．help9．（２0１３·浙江，9）When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to ________ it with important points.A．conclude B．lead C．avoid D．hold１0．（２0１３·浙江，１２）A good listener takes part in the conversation，________ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.A．realizing B．copyingC．offering D．misunderstanding考点１、动词意义的辨析【例１】Recently，these companies have ________ some workers becames of the drop in economy. A．hired B．dismissed C．refused D．employed【例２】When his brother was to cross the street，he was knocked down by a truck and badly ________.A．injured B．damaged C．harmed D．destroyed考点２、动词的固定搭配【例３】I ________ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.A．make B．look C．take D．think【例４】Her shoes ________ her dress，they look very well together.A．suit B．fit C．compare D．match【特别提醒】英语中一些动词虽然词形相近，但意义不同（１）动词adapt, adjust, adopt的用法比较。

2013年高考新课标英语真题解析第一节单项填空21.【答案】：A【解析】：本题考查交际用语.句意：“哎呀,这只是普通的蔬菜汤！”“让我看看,女士.这就是我们今天的汤.”选项A适合用于此语境,可表示日常礼貌的交际表达；而选项B、C、D均不符合语境和句意要求.22.【答案】：B【解析】：本题考查非谓语动词.句意：他们可能只保留了一个位置给写作课程——你为什么不试试看呢？leave作动词讲,可表示“使保留,留下备用”,leave和place属于被动关系,故left作place的后置定语,表示“剩下的位置,保留的位置”.23.【答案】：D【解析】：本题考查固定用法.句意：想咳就咳出来吧,不要忍着,因为这可能引发你的肺部疾病.sb. can not help表示“某人忍不住（或无法抑制）”,本句将not 前置了,故答案为help.24.【答案】：C【解析】：本题考查if引导的现在真实条件句.句意：如果我们现在不采取行动保护环境的话,我们将抱憾终身.if引导的现在真实条件句的结构为：主将从现（主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时）.本题中,主句为we'll live,从句应为don't act,一般现在时的否定形式,故答案为选项C.25.【答案】：A【解析】：本题考查固定用法.句意：托尼连煮鸡蛋都不太会,就更不用说做饭了.still less为固定短语,表示“更不用说,更何况”.26.【答案】：D【解析】：本题考查what引导宾语从句.句意：警方已锁定了那个可能是遗失的古雕像.found后接宾语从句,从句中appears to缺少主语成分,所以应该选一个连接代词引导宾语从句,故排除选项B和C；what可以引导宾语从句,在本句中既可作found的宾语,又可作从句的主语,选项A不符合题意,故本题答案为选项D.27.【答案】：A【解析】：本题考查现在完成时.句意：当我第一次见到布莱恩时,我不怎么喜欢他,但我已经改变我对他的看法了.现在完成时表示动作从过去一个不确定的时间开始,一直持续到现在,并且将来有可能继续下去（也可能到此结束）,强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.现在完成时have changed对现在造成的影响就是我改变了对Bryan的看法.28.【答案】：B【解析】：本题考查动词不定式.句意：司机想靠路边停车,但警察不让他这么做.ask sb. (not) to do sth.表示“要求某人做（不要做）某事”,本题中,was asked用于被动语态,不定式to后的成分可省略,以避免和前面的动词park重复.29.【答案】：B【解析】：本题考查情态动词.句意：不管她怎么用力推门,都无法打开这扇门.couldn't表示“不能,无法”,其余三项均不符合句意要求.30.【答案】：B【解析】：本题考查动词短语辨析.句意：在最后时刻,汤姆决定增加一个新角色使故事显得更真实一些. put up 提出；提升,使升高；put in 把……写进（信函,故事等）；put on 饰演,上演；穿,戴；put off 下车；脱掉；推迟,延迟；综上所述,只有选项B符合句意要求.31.【答案】：A【解析】：本题考查定冠词和不定冠词.句意：经过一段漫长的斗争,印度于1947年实现了独立. independence是不可数名词,故可排除选项C和D.independence前不需加定冠词the特指,“实现独立”的表达为attain independence.32.【答案】：D【解析】：本题考查连词while.句意：人们无法解释为什么有人能做出重大发现,然而同样聪明的另一个人却失败了.通过句意可知,本题想要表达的是一个转折关系,while作连词讲,可表示“（对比两件事或两个人）而,然而”；since意为“因为,由于”；if意为“如果”；as意为“当……时；因为；尽管”,故本题答案为选项D.33.【答案】：C【解析】：本题考查固定用法.句意：古人云“你不能根据封面来评价一本书”.as the old saying goes为固定表达,意为“古人云,俗话说,正如古话所说”.34.【答案】：D【解析】：本题考查介词.句意：我们要像真正在比赛一样争分夺秒地完成该项目.幸运的是,我们做到了.over prep. 在……的上方；在……期间；遍及；by prep. 靠近；通过,经由；for prep.（表示对象、用途等）给,对,供；为了；关于；against prep. 逆,对抗；反对；与……相反；综上所述,只有选项D符合句意要求.35.【答案】：A【解析】：本题考查非谓语动词.句意：阳光明媚而刺眼,在地面上投下了轮廓鲜明的影子.throw表示“照射（光线）,投射（阴影）”,throw和sunlight属于主动关系,故可排除选项B和D；不定式表示目的,所以to throw不符合句意要求.第二节完形填空答案：36-40 CCDAB 41-45 DABAC 46-50 CDBBA 51-55 BCADB 总评：这是一篇讲述作者通过使用轮椅,体验残疾人生活的记叙文.话题是考生比较熟悉的关爱残疾人的问题.36. 答案：C【解析】本题考查词组辨析.curious about “对……感到好奇”；interested in “对……有兴趣”；aware of“知道,意识到,关心”；careful with“小心……”；根据上下文可知,这个小组活动的目的是让我们对残疾人面对的问题更加的了解和关心.选项C符合题意. 37. 答案：C【解析】本题考查动词辨析.cure“治愈”；prevent“防止,预防”；adopt“采用,挑选”；analyze“分析”；disability前面有不定冠词a修饰,表示“某一方面的残疾”,结合上下文可知本句在具体解释前面提到的小组活动的内容,即“让我们挑选一个残疾方面,在周日体验几个小时”.38. 答案：D【解析】本题考查上下文语义.instead“反而,却”；strangely“奇怪地”；as usual“像平常一样”；like me“像我一样”；前面提到每个人都需要选择一个项目,有些人选择了轮椅,有些人选择了耳塞或眼罩.从下文可知,我也是选择了轮椅,所以答案选D.39. 答案：A【解析】本题考查learning“学习,了解”； working“工作上的,起作用的”；satisfying“令人满意的”；relaxing“使人放松的”；仅仅是坐在轮椅中都是一个学习了解的过程.40. 答案：B【解析】本题考查形容词辨析.convenient“方便的”；awkward“笨拙的,难操纵的”；boring“枯燥的”；exciting“令人激动的,使人兴奋的”；从下文可以知道,作者在操作轮椅时频频出错,所以轮椅对他来说应是很难操纵,所以,答案选B.41. 答案：D【解析】本题考查名词辨析.height“高度”；force“力；权力；暴力”；skill“技巧”；weight“重量,体重”；force一般强调用个人意志发出的力量,而weight指客观重量.本句意为“我一坐上去,我身体的重量就使轮椅开始转起来.”42. 答案：A本题考查动词辨析.lock“锁,上锁”；repair“修理”；power“充电”；grasp“抓紧,抓牢”；前面提到一坐上去,轮椅就转了起来,由此可知轮子是没有上锁的.43. 答案：B【解析】本题考查上下文语义.从下文的footrest可知,这里作者应该是不知道把脚搁在哪里.44. 答案：A【解析】本题考查词组搭配.get sth. into place意为“使……就位,准备就绪”.45. 答案：C【解析】本题考查名词辨析.operation“操作”；communication“交流,通讯”；transportation“交通工具”；production“生产”；文章第一段提到作者会在轮椅中体验好几个小时,从空格后面的for several hours可知,这里作者看的是轮椅,而轮椅是一种交通工具,所以答案选C.46. 答案：C【解析】本题考查名词辨析.exploration“探险,探索”；education “教育”；experiment“尝试,试验”；entertainment“娱乐”；显然,对于残疾人来说,坐轮椅不是一次临时的尝试.47. 答案：D【解析】本题考查形容词辨析.flexible“灵活的”；safe“安全的”；starting“开始的”；comfortable“舒服的”；此处意为“我试着去找一个比较舒服的姿势.48. 答案：B49. 答案：B50. 答案：A【解析】48、49、50可以连起来判断答案.从下文“环顾四周,我才意识到我要自己推这个轮椅！”从作者的感叹语气可以推断,作者一开始还以为会有人来带着他到处走走,所以觉得这样很不错.48题选B,此处just意为“真正地,实在,的确”,后面常接形容词,用于口语中.这是一道比较难的题目.49题选B,be pushed around表示“被别人推着到处转转”.50题选A,realize“意识到”.51. 答案：B【解析】本题考查动词辨析.lift“举起来”；turn“转动”；press “按压”；seize“抓住”,作者是坐在轮椅上,所以这里应该是转动轮椅,答案选B.52. 答案：C【解析】本题考查名词辨析.path“小路”；position“位置”；direction “方向”；way“路,路线”；这里应该是控制轮椅的方向,答案选C.53. 答案：A【解析】本题考查上下文语义.前面提到“在转动轮椅的时候,我的手开始痛起来”,由此可知,控制轮椅的方向并不是一件轻松活,答案选A.54. 答案：D【解析】本题考查动词辨析.forget“遗忘,忘记”；repeat“重复”；conduct“管理,引导,指挥”；finish“结束”.首先可以排除B、C选项,从后面一句“它给我留下来深刻的印象”可知,作者并没有很快就忘记这次坐轮椅之旅,所以可以排除A项.55. 答案：B【解析】本题考查名词辨析.weakness“弱点,缺点”；challenge“挑战”；anxiety“焦虑,担心”；illness“病,疾病”；从最后的overcome 可知,这里应该是克服“挑战”.第三部分阅读理解【总评】这篇文章讨论的是如何节约用钱,以及如何花钱才能物有所值.开篇引入话题save money,接下来以自己乘飞机的亲身经历来阐述.接下来再提到自己这种像是“把钱花在刀刃上”的生活方式,也成就了自己的工作.56. A. They took a later flight.【解析】细节题.由Delta定位到第一段,The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.可知,因为航班超额预定,航空公司不得不取消我们的座位,让我们乘坐第二天的航班,正因为此,他们为我们提供了补贴.由此可知,正确答案为A.57. A. She rarely misses a good deal.【解析】细节题.由文中第三段And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.可知,如今几乎没有人负担得起拒绝一个好的交易,而从作者之前的经历来看,她也甚至钱的价值,所以正确答案为A.58. C. She's a media person.【解析】细节题.由关键词consumer reporter定位文章第四段.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books…作者是美国广播公司今日秀节目的记者,并且写过一些书.由此可知,作者是个媒体人.因此,正确答案为C.59. C. How to spend money wisely.【解析】主旨题.由关键词getting your money worth定位文章最后一段.I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth.把钱花在恰当的地方,让物有所值,不是什么害臊的事.由此可知,本文主要告诉我们该如何明智的花钱.因此,正确答案为C.【总评】本篇文章为科技文.文章主要围绕婴儿视觉实验而展开研究.先是用有不同数字黑点的纸板测孩子的视觉反应,接下来是加入鼓声作为背景进一步研究婴儿对数字的视觉敏感.60.B. sense of sight.【解析】细节题.第一段中She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other,her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus - until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.婴儿仔细盯着白板上的两个黑点看.然后纸板交换,婴儿视觉开始不能聚焦核心,换成3个黑点时,婴儿又开始集中注视了.由此可知,该实验是研究婴儿的视觉.因此,正确答案为B.61.D.the number of objects.【解析】细节题.还是看第一段,As the cards change from one to the other,her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus - until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.卡片改变时,直到出现3个黑点纸板时,婴儿又开始集中注视了.由此可知,婴儿对于有不同数目黑点的纸板比较敏感.因此,正确答案为D.62.C.To carry their experiment further.【解析】推理题.由关键词drumbeats定位文章第二段.The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two;likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.测验效果在不同感官间交叉.与听到两声鼓声相比,当听到三声鼓声的时候婴儿看着两个点会变得更兴奋.由此可知,鼓声是一个背景,测试的还是婴儿听不同次数鼓声时对看到的纸板数字的反应.因此,正确答案为C.63.D.A science report.【解析】推测题.由文中第一段出现researcher,以及第二段中出现experiment,可以推测.该文是一篇科技报道.因此,正确答案为D. 【总评】这是一篇讨论“读书谎言”的文章,话题比较贴近考生的生活.由作者发现一个朋友撒谎说读过Barack Obama的Dreams From My Father,引入话题.进而用数据说明了,撒谎人数之多,有2/3的人曾撒谎说读过某本书.文章第四段提及,撒谎的主要原因是想要给别人留下好印象.最后一段列举了当今人们最喜欢的作家,作者还表达了对会提前看结局的人数的质疑.64. D. By discussing the book itself.【解析】细节题.由关键词find his friend a book liar定位至文章第一段.由“However, he then went on to talk about Mr. Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.”可知,作者发现朋友撒谎,是因为朋友对此书的深入讨论暴露了他对奥巴马背景的无知,因此,正确答案为D.65. B. 42% of people pretended to have read 1984.【解析】推理题.由关键词guilty secret定位至文章第二段.由“But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell’s 1984. I think it’s really brilliant.”,结合上文“The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading”可推测出,有42%的人撒谎说读过1984,因此,正确答案为B.66. D. make more friends【解析】细节题.由题干By lying about reading, a person hopes to定位至文章第四段.由“Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to ‘impress’ someone they were speaking to.”可知,大多说人撒谎是想要给别人留下好印象,从而结交更多朋友,因此,正确答案为D.67. C. Doubtful【解析】态度题.由关键词58% of readers定位至文章第五段.由“I’ll come clean: I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so”可知,作者对这58%的人表示怀疑,因此,正确答案为D.【总评】这是一篇关于The National Gallery,英国国家美术馆的参观指南.文章对国家美术馆的藏品、布局、开放时间及周边交通作了介绍.68. A. The 13th【解析】细节题.由religious paintings定位至Description部分.由“ranging from 13th-century religious paintings”可知,宗教绘画是13世纪的藏品,因此,正确答案为A.69. B. In the main West Wing.【解析】细节题.由Leonardo da Vinci定位至Layout部分.由“The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci…”可知,Leonardo da Vinci的作品在the main West Wing展出,因此,正确答案为B.70. D. Charing Cross.【解析】细节题.由underground station定位至Getting There部分.由此段可知,从Charing Cross至美术馆走路只需两分钟,因此,正确答案为D.第二节【解析】本文是一篇讨论商务和商务管理的说明文.虽然看似有很多专业术语,但是根据我们常说的“指路词”,以及对上下文的推理,其实要做出正确答案并不难,可谓是难度中等.文章第一段描述了business的两个含义：一是提供顾客所要商品和服务的方法；二是提供这些商品和服务的组织.文展第二段则细述了商务管理是用来描述计划、指导以及控制公司运作技巧的术语,并在下文中对这三方面进行了一一阐述.71. D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.【解析】推理题.本题的后一句出现了一个新名词nonprofits（非盈利）,而前文的内容是在说大多数企业都在寻求利润,那这里语义的突然变化就提示了我们空格处所填内容应该与seek to make a profit （寻求利益）语义相反,而与nonprofit相同,因为只有这样才能自然的引出下文.纵观选项,只有答案D出现了however,表示语义的转折,所以正确答案为D.72.C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals. 【解析】推理题.根据文意,前文提到的these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers中的these organizations实指non profits organizations,所以此处72题的内容应该是对nongovernmental service providers（非政府服务提供商）的进一步解释.纵观选项,只有答案C是在举例子,而且也出现了关键词nonprofit,所以正确答案为C.73.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects. 【解析】推理题.这道题的解题方法就是我们说的充分利用“指路词”.下文中出现了One is...,The third relates...,可见本空是个总起句,概括了什么东西包含有三个方面.纵观选项,只有答案G出现了three,且主语planning正好复现了第二段首句出现的techniques of planning,所以正确答案为G.74. E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.【解析】推理题.还是依靠“指路词”,文中出现过了第一和第三,所以本空肯定描述的是第二方面.纵观选项,只有答案E出现了the second,所以答案为E.75. A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.【解析】推理题.观察第二段可知,商务管理中涉及的techniques of planning, direction均已经提到,只差最后一个control（控制）还未提及,所以本空一定和control有关.纵观选项,只有答案A出现了关键词control,所以答案为A.第Ⅱ卷第四部分写作总评：短文改错主要在于检测考生发现、判断及纠正文章中错误的能力,以及在语篇中综合运用英语知识准确性的能力.短文改错考查非常全面,综合性强,涵盖面广失分的主要原因：1. 语法知识掌握不牢固2. 不了解设题原则3. 脱离语境,没有联系上下文4. 忽视了行文逻辑短文改错题所涉及到的高频考点,恰好也是中学生在写作中经常出现的错误.主要错误：1.动词的时态和语态2.名词单复数及主谓一致问题3.句子结构和句子完整性4.上下文语意和指代5.介词6.固定(习惯)用法7.词性8.冠词9.连词和从句引导词10.动词不定式细评：【解析】错误1：本题考查固定用法used to do something,表示“过去常常”.holding改为hold.【解析】错误2：本题考查时态.该句描述的是过去的事实,应用过去时,passes改为passed.【解析】错误3：本题考查副词.very much 很多；一般修饰数量多少；very well 很好；一般修饰动词.此句是对remember这个动词的修饰,应用very well.【解析】错误4：本题考查名词单复数.shoulder此处指的是双肩,所以shoulder改为复数shoulders.【解析】错误5：本题考查时态.该句描述的是过去某段时间内的事实变化,应用过去完成时.turned前面加上had.【解析】错误6：本题考查代词.该句为非限制性定语从句,主语是which,指a deep voice,谓语动词为set,宾语可直接用名词的宾格,不存在反射或强调关系,因而不需要用反身代词来himself,应用him.【解析】错误7：本题考查并列连词.该句由两个单句构成,前一个单句中带有非限制性定语从句.两个单句需要用并列连词连接,此处根据句意应用and.【解析】错误8：本题考查固定用法.in fact 事实上,实际上.【解析】错误9：本题考查从属连词.when 当……时候；during 在……期间；由句义可知,此处应用when.【解析】错误10：本题考查副词.never 意为从未有过；ever意为曾经,在任何时候.由句义可知,应用ever.第二节书面表达One Possible VersionDear Peter,How are you doing?I’m writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference, and I’ve asked him to bring you the Chinese painting you’ve asked for before.Also, I’d like you to do me a favor. Would you please meet my uncle at the airport and take him to his hotel since this is his first visit to the U.S.? Thank you in advance!His flight number is CA985, and it will arrive at 11:30 am, August 6. My uncle is tall and he is wearing glasses. And he will be in a blue jacket.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua。

绝密★启用前2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标Ⅱ卷)英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

考试结束，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1. 答第Ⅰ卷时，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。

不能答在试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案为B。

1. —I'm sorry I made a mistake!—_______. Nobody is perfect.A. Take your timeB. You're rightC. Whatever you sayD. Take it easy【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。

take it easy放松。

句意：—很抱歉，犯了一错误。

—放松些，别放心上。

人无完人。

Take your time慢慢来，别着急，用于宽慰时间紧的人；You're right你是对的；Whatever you say无论你说什么。

这些都不符合语境。

2. Would you like to_______ with us to the film tonight?A. come alongB. come offC. come acrossD. come through【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。

come along一起来，陪伴。

第五讲动词和动词短语考点一动词词义辨析1．(2013·**高考)While intelligent people can often ______ the ple*, a fool is more likely to plicate the simple.A．sacrifice B．substituteC．simplify D．survive解析：选C 考察动词辨析。

句意：聪明的人常常能把复杂的事情简单化，而愚蠢的人更可能把简单的问题复杂化。

根据句意可知，这里用simplify与后面的the simple对应，the ple*与后面的plicate照应。

sacrifice"牺牲〞；substitute"代替〞；survive"幸存〞。

2．(2013·新课标卷Ⅰ)Try not to cough more than you can ________ since it may cause problems to your lungs.A．check B．allowC．stop D．help解析：选D 考察动词辨析。

句意：尽量不要过多咳嗽，因为咳嗽过多可能引发你的肺部问题。

not more than one can help意为"能少尽量少〞，符合句意。

3．(2013·**高考)A good listener takes part in the conversation, ________ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.A．realizing B．copyingC．offering D．misunderstanding解析：选C 考察动词辨析。

句意：善于倾听的人在谈话的时候，往往会提出想法和问题，从而使得谈话能流畅地进展下去。

offer"提供，主动提出〞，符合句意。

2013年高考英语新课标I卷试题解析第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21. ---Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!---______, madam. It is our soup of the day.A. Let me seeB. So it isC. Don ‗t mention itD. Neither do I【答案】B【解析】考查交际英语。

So it is. 表示―是这样，的确如此‖。

A表示―让我想想‖，考生容易误翻成―让我看看‖，有较强的干扰性；C用于别人向你表示感谢后的答语；D的意思是―我也不‖，均不合题意。

22. They might just have a place ______on the writing course一why don't you give it a try?A. leaveB. leftC. leavingD. to leave【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。

―leave‖和―place‖之间构成被动关系，故选B。

属常规考法，难度很低。

23. Try not to cough more than you can since it may cause problems to your lungs.A. checkB. allowC. stopD. help【答案】D【解析】考查词汇。

help在这表示―起作用，改善情况‖ 句意为：―能少咳嗽尽量少咳‖。

本题有一定难度，需要吃透题干的含义，充分理解语境。

24. If we now to protect the environment, we‘ll live to regret it.A. hadn't actedB. haven't actedC. don't actD. won't act【答案】C【解析】考查时态。

动词和动词短语■考查范围在单项填空和完形填空中，对动词词义、动词短语的辨析以及动词搭配的考查一直是高考的热点。

因此在一轮的复习中要注重对动词及短语的含义及引申义进行归纳总结；突出对其在具体的语境中意义选择的把握。

因此，需要理解所有动词和动词词组的常用意义，掌握常考动词和动词词组的用法，并能熟练运用高频动词进行书面表达，而不必过于注重同义词的细微区别。

■高频考点高考对动词的考查重点集中在实义动词的常见意义和用法，而对助动词的考查较少。

对动词短语的考查重点是第1～3项，而考查第4～6项的情况较少。

高考试题分析■真题探究1.（2010安徽）No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone ______you wishing they were that highA. getting rid ofB. getting along withC. Looking up toD. looking down upon【答案与解析】C getting rid of意为“摆脱；去除”；getting along with意为“与……相处；进展”；Looking up to意为“尊敬；敬仰”；looking down upon意为“看不起；轻视”。

句意为“你无论认为自己怎样低下, 总希望有个高尚的人来尊敬你。

”2. （2010全国Ⅰ）The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “ This Side Up”A. carriedB. deliveredC. pressedD. packed【答案与解析】D 句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好并且每个盒子上标记上“此面向上”。

选项为四个意思上毫无关联的动词, 此题考查动词的词义辨析。

carry 译为搬运, deliver译为递送, press译为按, 压, pack译为打包。

2013年高考英语试题分类汇编之动词及动词短语(2013年高考英语福建卷）24。

Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _____ spending quite a lot of time with students。

A。

enjoys B. involves C. practices D。

suggests 24。

B。

本题考查动词词义辨异。

enjoy喜欢、享受；involve包含、牵涉、使陷于、潜心于；practice练习、实习；suggest提议、建议、启发。

根据句意选B。

【句意】米歇尔找到一份在一所中学当老师的工作，这份工作需要在学生身上花很多时间.(2013年高考英语福建卷）28. Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________ in disasters。

A. turn downB. turn outC. break downD。

break out28。

C。

本题考查动词短语词义辨析。

turn down关小、调低、拒绝;turn out 证明是、结果是、生产；break down分解、发生故障、失败；break out爆发。

无线网络会瘫痪，所以选C。

【句意】当无线网络发生灾难性故障的时候，过时的电话变得很重要。

（2013年高考英语湖北卷）23。

While intelligent people can often ______ the complex，a fool is more likely to complicate the simple。

A。

sacrifice B. substitute C。

simplify D. survive23 C。

本题考查动词词义辨析。

sacrifice 献祭;奉献;牲；substitute 用…替代；simplify 简化；使简易；survive比…活得长，经历…之后还存在；幸存；【句意】而聪明的人往往可以简化复杂的，而傻瓜则是极有可能使简单的更加复杂化.（2013年高考英语湖北卷）24。

【十年高考】2004-2013年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：动词及动词短语〖04全国Ⅰ〗—How about eight o’clock outside the cinema？-That me fine。

A。

fits B.meets C。

satisfies D。

suits〖答案〗D〖考点〗检查考生对动词的辩异能力.〖解析〗这四个词在汉语意思上很接近, fit一般指衣服等的尺寸对某人很合适；meet有“满足……的要求”之意；satisfy的意思是“使……满意”；suit指样式、场合、方便等，意思是“适合……的要求"。

答语的句意为:这约定正适合我。

〖04全国Ⅰ〗You can take anything from the shelf and read，but please ____ the books when you’ve finished with them。

A。

put on B。

put down C。

put back D。

put off〖答案〗C〖考点〗检查考生对短语动词的掌握和运用能力。

〖解析〗句意：你可以从架子上拿任何东西看，但是看完后请放回原处。

put on穿上；上演；增加;假装；使…上场put down镇压；记下;贬低；制止put back放回原处；推迟；倒退；妨碍put off推迟；扔掉；阻止〖04全国II〗The forest guards often find campfires that have not been _____ completely。

A。

turned down B. put out C. put away D. turned over〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查动词短语的用法区别。

〖解析〗句意：那些森林警卫经常发现一些营火没有被完全熄灭。

turn down减小, 关小, 调低put out熄灭；伸出；出版；使不方便，打扰 put away放好；抛弃；储存 turn over移交给；翻阅；把…翻过来；发动;营业额达到;反复考虑〖04全国III〗In some western countries， demand for graduates from MBA courses has ______.A。

2013年高考英语试题分类解析动词与动词短语1.In order to quit smoking。

my uncle has cut down on his XXX。

This means that he has ced the amount of cigarettes he smokes。

but XXX B。

"cut down".2.When Mitchell retires。

Briggs will take over as the general manager。

"Take over" means to XXX for something。

The other ns。

"get away"。

"set off"。

and "run out"。

have different meanings.3.ned phones XXX break down。

"Break down" means to。

working or XXX。

The other ns。

"turn down"。

"turn out"。

and "break out"。

have different meanings.1.“Turn on” means t o XXX。

while “turn off” means to switch off a device or to XXX“Turnover” refers to flipping something over or transferring something。

and “turn to” means to seek help from someone。

“Turn down” means to refuse or decrease the volume of a device。

专题五动词与动词短语1.【2013·江苏省泰州市高三上学期期末考试】The local people continued tothe bettermanagement of the limited water resources in the area．A .answer for B．push for C．account for D．cater for 【解析】B考查动词短语辨析。

句意：当地人继续努力争取更好地管理这个地区的有限的水资源。

answer for因……而受罚，对……负责； push for奋力争取； account for是……的原因，导致； cater for满足〔需要〕，迎合，为〔宴会、婚礼等〕提供食品、服务。

根据题意可知选B项。

2. 【2013·湖北荆州中学第一次质检】The principle that all teachers, regardless ofsubject, should ________ basic standards of competence in maths and English is already accepted by GCSE requirements.A. attainB. adoreC. adoptD. assess【解析】A考查动词词义辨析。

句意：所有的教师在数学和英语方面都应该达到根本的能力标准的原如此已经被英国普通中等教育证书要求所承受。

此处attain意为：达到，获得。

Adore崇拜；喜爱；adopt采用；收养；assess评定。

3.【2013·河北省五校联盟调研考试】John has put on so much weight recently that hismother has to ______ all his trousers to his measure.A. let outB. give awayC. bring inD. make up【解析】A考查动词短语辨析。

1. 交际用语2. 代词3. 倒装、强调、祈使与省略4. 定语从句5. 动词时态与语态6. 动词与动词短语7. 非谓语动词8. 冠词9. 介词与介词短语10. 名词性从句11. 名词与主谓一致12. 情态动词与虚拟语气13. 形容词与副词14. 状语从句与并列句交际用语1.【2013陕西】23.—Shall we go for a drink at one o’clock this afternoon?—______. Will two o’clock be OK?A. Sure, it’s up to youB. Sure, no problemC. Sorry, I can’t make itD. Sorry, I’m not available today【答案】C【解析】考查交际用语。

Sorry, I can’t make it我去不了。

句意：—一点时可去喝饮料吗？—很抱歉，不行，两点可以吗？【语言学习】make it达到预定目标，及时抵达，走完路程We handed out 100 tickets, but only half made it to the lecture. 我们发出去100张票，但真正到场的只有不到一半。

2.【2013陕西】15 —I’m tired. I’m taking next week off.—______, honey. You do need a break.A. Not so sureB. Forget itC. Great ideaD. No way【答案】C【解析】考查交际用语。

Great idea好主意。

句意：—我累了。

我下周请假。

—好主意，你确实需要休息。

【语言学习】take next week offHe took two days off within the teacher's permission. 得到老师允许，他告假两天。

3.【2013重庆35】—Forgotten something? I can keep an eye on your kids if you want to go and get it.—_______ Thank you all the same.A. It's very kind of you.B. Oh, how careless of me!C.I might as well go and get it.D. Well, I can do without it.【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

考试结束，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1．答第Ⅰ卷时，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。

不能答在试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

1．--I'm sorry I made a mistake!-- .Nobody is perfect．A．Take your time B．You're right C．Whatever you say D．Take it easy 2．Would you like to with us to the film tonight?A．come along B．come off C．come across D．come through3．I was glad to meet Jenny again, I didn't want to spend all day with her．A．but B．and C．so D．or4．When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house_ I would be staying．A．what B．when C．where D．which5．I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from Paddington.A．caught B．to have caught C．to catch D．having caught 6．Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own．A．can B．must C．would D．need7．We very early so we packed the night before．A．leave B．had left C．were leaving D．have left8．The watch was very good, and he 20 percent down for it．A．paid B．cost C．bought D．spent9. It may not be a great suggestion. But before is put forward, we’ll make do with it.A. a good oneB. a better oneC. the best oneD. a best one 10．It was only after he had read the papers Mr．Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete．A．when B．that C．which D．what11 A serious study of physics is impossible some knowledge of mathematics．A．against B．before C．beyond D．without12．Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital．A．can be the patients B．can the patients be treatedC．the patients can be treated D．treated can be the patients13．Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and break for cheese, chocolateand tea with sugar．A．a;a B．the; the C．不填；the D．a;不填14．It's an either-or situation - we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do ．A．others B．either C．another D．both15．—Are you sure you won't come for a drink with us?—,if you insist .A．Not at all B．It depends C．All right then D．I don't care第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后面各题锁哥的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)英语笔试（1）单项选择1、----I’m going to Venice next week、---- 、Carnival will be held then、Have fun！A、You’re crazyB、You’re luckyC、You’d better notD、You never know【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语.去威尼斯碰上狂欢节，真是幸运，故答案选B.2、If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to a hand、A、lendB、shakeC、waveD、want 【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析.译为：如果你遇上麻烦，Mike总是乐意帮助你.短语lend a hand，帮助，故答案选A.3、I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time----there are meaningful things to do、A、lessB、moreC、the leastD、the most【答案】B【解析】考查形容词比较级.根据句意：看电视是浪费时间，因为有（比看电视）更有意义的事情可以做.故选比较级more.4、----Mary’s been offered a job in a university, but she doesn’t want to take it、---- ? It’s a very good chance、A、Guess whatB、So whatC、Who caresD、But why【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语.A项“猜猜看怎么了”，B项“那又如何呢”，C项“谁在乎呢”，D项“为什么呀”.根据句意，Mary被给予了一个工作而不想做，后面说这是一个好机会.可见，应该问，这是为什么呀？故答案选D.5、small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries、A、AsB、IfC、AlthoughD、Once【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句.根据句意即可判断：这个公司虽然小，但是它在30多个国家有大约1000个采购商.此处状语从句连词后省略了句子的主语和be动词，即although (it is) small….6、We have launched another man-made satellite, is announced in today’s newspaper、A、thatB、whichC、whoD、what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句.此处关系代词which指代整个主句引导非限制性定语从句.翻译为：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的.故答案选B.7、While she was in Paris, she developed a for fine art、A、wayB、relationC、tasteD、habit 【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析.短语a taste for…，对…的一种爱好.句意：她在巴黎的时候，她对艺术产生了兴趣.故答案选C.8、I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able toA、get awayB、drop inC、check outD、hold on 【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语.A项“脱身，抽身”，B项“顺便拜访”，C项“办手续离开”，D项“坚持”.翻译为：今年我本打算休假的，但我不能脱身啊.故答案选A.9、No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold、A、couldB、mustC、dareD、need【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词.译为：不可能有人比他更慷慨；他有一颗善良的心.can’t/ couldn’t表不可能，故答案选A.10、In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations、A、usingB、to useC、having usedD、used【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词.非谓语动词use在句中作words的后置定语，与其存在被动关系，故使用过去分词used，答案为D.11、It was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own plan、A、thatB、whereC、whyD、when【答案】A【解析】考查强调句.此处考查固定句型not…until的强调句，其句型结构为：It was not until…that+句子.故答案选A.12、At our factory there are a few machines similar to described in this magazine、A、themB、theseC、thoseD、ones【答案】C【解析】考查代词.本题考查用于比较对象替代的代词.比较对象的替代通常可以用that替代不可数名词，those替代可数名词复数，故此处用those替代比较对象machines.翻译为：在我们工厂有一些与这份杂志中描述相似的机器.13、The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers one of the main pipes、A、had repairedB、have repairedC、repairedD、are repairing 【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态.句意：暂时断水了，因为工人在修一个主管道.根据句意，选正在进行时态.14、If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he able to speak it much better now、A、will beB、would beC、has beenD、would have been【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气.此题为if虚拟条件句，从句时间为before，故是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态，主句时间为now，故是对现在的虚拟，因此用情态动词过去式后接动词原形，答案为B.15、I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents、A、ThatB、WhichC、WhetherD、What【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句.主句谓语为is，之前为主语从句，从句中缺少动词tell的直接宾语，指事物，故填what；而which意为“哪一个”，that、whether均不做成分.二、完形填空As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses(老茧）and roughness、His hands tell the story of his life as a 16 ,including all his struggles、One summer, I remember, a drought (旱灾）hit Ontario,turning it into a 17 desert、On one og those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last 18 from the grocery store、Fifty dozen was all we needed, which 19took twenty minutes、That morning,however,the process didn’t 20 quickly、After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field,we 21 needed twenty dozen、I was completely frustrated and 22 、Dropping the basket heavily, I declared, “If the store wants its last twenty dozen,they can pick it themselves1”Dad 23 、“Just think,my little girl,only ten dozen left for each of us and then we’re 24 、” Such is Dad----whatever problem he 25 ,he never gives up、26 , the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our county、It was a challenging time for everyone,27 Dad remained optimistic、He 28 to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plated、Only then did I truly begin to 29 Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times、Dad is also a living example of real 30 、From dawn to dusk,he warks countless hours to 31 our family、He always puts our happiness 32 his own,and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games 33 his exhaustion after long days、His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and 34 putting others first、Dad，the life 35 I have learned from you will stay with me forever、You are my father,teacher,friend and,most importantly,my hero、16.A、teacher B、gardener C、farmer D、grocer17.A、stormy B、lively C、disappearing D、burning18.A、order B、form C、gap D、position19.A、repeatedly B、normally C、finally D、really20.A、go B、begin C、occur D、change21.A、yet B、still C、even D、nearly22.A、surprised B、nervous C、angry D、frightened23.A、apologized B、cried C、complained D、laughed24.A、lost B、done C、gone D、touched25.A、meets with B、brings up C、works out D、thinksabout26.A、Thankfully B、Hopefully C、Unfortunately D、Strangely27.A、or B、for C、so D、but28.A、happened B、seemed C、continued D、aimed29.A、face B、appreciate C、examine D、question30.A、love B、pride C、friendship D、honesty31.A、support B、settle C、start D、impress32.A、after B、before C、beside D、under33.A、in spite of B、in terms of C、in control of D、inplace of34.A、careful B、regretful C、considerate D、humorous35.A、history B、motto C、patterns D、lessons16、【答案】C【解析】根据第二段话After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field, we…漫无目的在田里走，我们……可知答案为C（农民）.17、【答案】D【解析】后文的desert和前文的干旱告诉我们此处填上一个描述干旱沙漠的词，故选D（在燃烧的，炙热的）.18、【答案】A【解析】A预订，B表格，C空隙，D位置.根据后文我和父亲在田里寻找玉米，可知食品商订购了他们的玉米，故选A.19、【答案】B【解析】后文however及quickly暗示前面应该填B（正常地）.A重复，B正常，C最后，D真正.20、【答案】A【解析】句意：这个过程进展并不顺利，go表示“进展”，故选A.21、【答案】B【解析】这里和前文the process didn’t go quickly呼应，故选B.A尚，还；B还；C甚至；D将近.22、【答案】C【解析】这里and连接，前面frustrated表示“沮丧的”，故此处也应选一个表消极意义的词汇，故选C（生气的）.23、【答案】D【解析】文章第三、四段话说明父亲很乐观，故选D（大笑）.24、【答案】B【解析】因为父亲很乐观，应填表示褒义的词，故选B（做完）.25、【答案】A【解析】句意：无论遇到什么问题，父亲永不放弃.A遇到；B养育，呕吐；C计算出；D思考. 26、【答案】C【解析】句意：不幸的是，整个国家都受到了这次干旱的影响.在我看来这是不幸的，但是，父亲很乐观，衬托父亲的乐观，故选C（不幸地）.27、【答案】D【解析】和前面对比，父亲仍然很乐观，故选D.28、【答案】C【解析】这里作者列举了父亲乐观的表现：因为有健康的体魄等而感激.A碰巧，B似乎、好像；C 一直，继续，D瞄准.29、【答案】B【解析】那时我才意识到了父亲及他的信念的重要性.这里和下文都表明作者高度赞扬了父亲的做法，故选一个带有褒义的词语，故选B.30、【答案】A【解析】从后面的例子“父亲从早干到晚”可以看出作者的父亲很爱这个家.31、【答案】A【解析】父亲从早干到晚养家，故选A.32、【答案】B【解析】父亲爱这个家庭，把自己的幸福放在后面，把家人的幸福放在前面.故选B.33、【答案】A【解析】父亲尽管很劳累，仍然会在运动场上为我加油.34、【答案】C【解析】父亲对我的影响：更有同情心，更体贴.35、【答案】D【解析】我从父亲那里学到的东西会永远和我在一起.故选D.三、阅读理解A、Guide to Stockholm University LibraryOur library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment、ZonesThe library is divided into different zones、The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading,and places where you can sit and work with your own computer、The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs、The ground floor is the zone where you can talk、Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work、ComputersYou can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers,your can also use library computers,which contain the most commonly used applications,such as Microsoft Office、They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor、Group-study placesIf you want to discuss freely without disturbing others,you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor、Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people、All rooms are marked on the library maps、There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website、To book,you need an active University account and a valid University card、You can use a room three hours per day,nine hours at most per week、Storage of Study MaterialThe library has lockers for students to store course literature,When you have obtained at least 40 credits(学分),you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year’s rental period、Rules to be FollowedMobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the librar、Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls、Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library,but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you、36、The library’s upper floor is mainly for students toA、read in a quiet placeB、have group discussionsC、take comfortable seatsD、get their computers fixed37、Library computers on the ground floorA、help students with their field experimentsB、contain software essential for schoolworkC、are for those who wan to access the wi-fiD、are mostly used for filling out application forms38、What condition should be met to book a group-study room?A group must consist of 8 peopleB、Three-hour use per day is the minimumC、One should first register at the universityD、Applicants must mark the room on the map39、A student can rent a locker in the library if heA、can afford the rental feeB、attends certain coursedC、has nowhere to put his booksD、has earned the required credits40、What should NOT be brought into the library?A、Mobile phonesB、Orange juice、C、CandyD、Sandwiches36、【答案】A【解析】题干中的the upper floor是有关地方的信息，这暗示我们可以在Zones这个段落里去找到答案.根据The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading可知答案为A.37、【答案】B【解析】在Computers部分可以找到答案为B.38、【答案】C【解析】在Group-study Places中可以找到答案为C.39、【答案】D【解析】从题干可知答案出现在Storage of Study Material中，根据when you have obtained at least 40 credits, you may rent a locker…可知答案为D.40、【答案】D【解析】根据文中Keep your phone on silent可知mobile phones是可以带进来的.B、Last night’s meteor(流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers、According to Gabe Rothsclild, Emerald Valley’s mayor,people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes,expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky、What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead、“My family was so frustrated,” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing,but it turned out to be a huge disappointments、”Astronomers---scientists who study stars and planets----have been complaining about this problem for decades、They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they couldsee quite easily in the past、They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it、There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution、This population consists of birds,bats frogs,snakes,etc、For example,outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(迁徙的)birds、According to the International Dark-Sky Association、“100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers、”Countless more animals casualties(伤亡）result from the use of artificial lighting、Clearly,people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings,but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans,too、They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase person’s chances of getting cancer、Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of hight pollution、For years,Flagstaff,Arizona,has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory、Similar efforts have been made worldwide,and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them,so that other creatures can share the night、41.It happened last night thatA.the city’s lights affected the meteor watchingB、the meteors flew past before being noticedC、the city light show attracted many peopleD、the meteor watching ended up a social outing42、What do the astronomers complain about?A、Meteor showers occur less often than beforeB、Their observation equipment is in poor repairC、Light pollution has remained unsolved for yearsD、Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting43、What the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4?A、Birds may take other migration pathsB、Animal’living habits may change suddenlyC、Varieties of animals will become sharply reducedD、Animals’survival is threatened by outdoor lighting44、Lighting regulations in Flagstaff,Arizona are put into effect toA、Lessen the chance of getting cancerB、create an ideal observation conditionC、ensure citizens a good sleep at nightD、enable all creatures to live in harmony45、What message does the author most want to give us?A、Saving wildlife is saving ourselvesB、Great efforts should be made to save energyC、Human activities should be environmentally friendlyD、New equipment should be introduced for space study41、【答案】A【解析】根据第一段最后一句a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead可知答案为A.42、【答案】C【解析】文中第三段话have been complaining about this problem for decades，第一段话就提到了光线太亮，这句话后边又提到了light pollution.结合选项，选C.43、【答案】D【解析】第四段第一句就告诉我们除了专业及业余的观星者之外，还有些群体也收到了光污染的影响.而这些群体指的就是birds、bats等动物.D项的意思是：“动物的生存受到户外灯光的影响.”44、【答案】B【解析】根据文章最后一段in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory，可知答案为B.45、【答案】C【解析】文中作者反复强调光污染问题对人类的一些活动和动物的影响.这显然是强调环境问题.C、Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(绕行路)in life that by the narrow road toward goals、I like this image、But I as quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words、For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents’ home in Boise in nine hours、We traveled the way most people do:the fastest,shortest easiest road,especially when ai was alone with four noisy,restless kids who hates confinement(限制)and have strong opinions about everything、Road trips felt risky,so I would drive fast,stopping only when I had to、We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired、But then Banner,our lamb was born、He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise、I had two choices:leave Banner with my husband,or take him with me、My husband made the decision for me、That is how I found my self on the road with four kids,a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through、We took the country roads out of necessity、We had to stop every hour,let Banner shke out his legs and feed him、The kids chased him and one another、They’d get back in the car breathless and energized,smelling fresh from the cold air、We explored side roads,catching grasshoppers in waist-high grass、Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother,or fish leaping out of the water,it was better than the best ride down the freeway、Here was life、And new horizons(见识)、We eventually arrived at my parents’doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of storiesI grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique、On an empty section of road,everyone started quarreling、I stopped the car,ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead、I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence、Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight、But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyon adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey----and the best part of yourself、46、Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents’home?A、It was less timeB、It would be faster and saferC、Her kids would feel less confinedD、She felt better with other drivers nearby47、The author stopped regularly on the country roads toA、relax in the fresh airB、take a dep breathC、take care of the lambD、let the kids play with Banner48、What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6?A、Freeways are where beauty hides、B、Getting close to nature adds to the joy of lifeC、Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one’s healthD、One should follow side roads to watch wild animals49、Why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home?A、To give herself some time to readB、To order some food for themC、To play a game with them、D、To let them cool down50、What could be the best title for the passage?A、Charm of the DetourB、The Road to BraveryC、Creativity out of NecessityD、Road trip and Country Life46、【答案】B【解析】根据第二段We travelled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hate confinement and have strong opinions about everything可知作者以前为什么喜欢走freeways，结合选项，选B.47、【答案】C【解析】根据第三、四段话，可知，由于our lamb was born，且根据第五段话We had to stop every hour let Banner shake out his legs and feed him可知答案为C.48、【答案】B【解析】根据地六段话it was better than the best ride down the freeway和最后一段均说明作者很开心，这段旅程是生活中最美好的，故答案选B.49、【答案】D【解析】前一句everyone started quarreling是作者asked the kids to get out of the car的原因，故答案选D.50、【答案】A【解析】文章第一段we are defined more by the detours in life than by the narrow road toward goals、I like this image及最后一段话均说明了绕行的魅力.D、When asked about happiness,we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight,which seems to get rarer the older we get、For kids,happiness has a magical quality、Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫不掩饰的)、In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes、Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement,love and popularity、I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party、In adulthood the things that bring deep joy----love,marriage,birth----also bring responsibility and the risk of loss、For adults,happiness is complicated(复杂的)My definition fo happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”、The more we can enjoy what we have,the happier we are、It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends,the freedom to live where we please,and even goo health、I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday、First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch-box and had the house to myself、Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing,which I love、When the kids and my husband came home,I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day、Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work、I don’t think that my grandmother,who raised 14 children,had much of either、She did have a network of close friends and family,and maybe this is what satisfied her、We,however,with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area,have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have、We’ve so self-conscious about our “right” to it that it’s making us miserable、So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success,without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happierHappiness isn’t about what happens to us----it’s about how we see what happens to us、It’s the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative、It’s not wishing for what we don’t have,but enjoying what we do possess、51、As people grow older,theyA、feel it harder to experience happinessB、associate their happiness less with othersC、will take fewer risks in pursuing happinessD、tend to believe responsibility means happiness52、What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6?A、She cares little about her own healthB、She enjoys the freedom of travelingC、She is easily pleased by things in daily lifeD、She prefers getting pleasure from housework53、What can b informed from Paragraph 7?A、Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happinessB、Psychologists’opinion is well proved by Grandma’caseC、Grandma often found time for social gatheringsD、Grandma’s happiness came from modest expectations of life54、People who equal happiness with wealth and successA、consider pressure something blocking their wayB、stress then right to happiness too muchC、are at a loss to make correct choicesD、are more likely to be happy55、What can be concluded from the passage?A、Happiness lies between the positive and the negativeB、Each man is the master of his own fateC、Success leads to happinessD、Happy is he who is content51、【答案】A【解析】根据文章第一段话which seems to get rarer the older we get “随着年龄的增大，幸福会越来越少”，可知答案为A.52、【答案】C【解析】第五段话介绍了幸福的定义，第六段话作者举了一个幸福感的例子：作者那天一个人在家里静静地写作，她感到很幸福，孩子回来之后的吵闹声也很喜欢，据此可知答案选C.53、【答案】D【解析】作者用了I don’t think that my grandmother…had much of either来否定了心理学家的看法，故选D.54、【答案】B【解析】根据第八段We’re so self-conscious about our “right” to it’s making us miserable、So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier，可知答案为B.55、【答案】D【解析】最后一段就阐述了如何获得幸福：在逆境中找到积极的因素以及知足常乐.据此可知选D.四、阅读表达My name is Clara、I still remember that chilly December day,sitting in science class、I’d finished a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine、A piece of news caught my eye:NASA was holding an essay contest to name its Mars rover(火星探测器)、Before I even knew anything else about it,a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind,Curiosity、I couldn’t want for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay、That afternoon,I raced home,sat down at the computer,and typed until my fingers ached、“Curiosity is an everlasting flame that burns in everyone’s mind、、、”Five months later, my mon received a phone call,and immediately, a wide smile spread across her face、On August 5,2012,at 10:31 p、m,the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars,and I was honored to have a front-row seat in NASA、Curiosity is such an important part of who I am、I have always been fascinated by the stars,the planets,the sky and the universe、I remember as a little girl,my grandmother and I would sit together in the backyard for hours、She’d tell me stories and point out the stars,Grandma lived in China,thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas,but the stars kept us together even when we were apart、They were always there, yet there was so much I didn’t know about them、That’s what I love so much about space、People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mares、My answer is simple because we’re curious、We human beings do not just hole up in one place、We are constantly wondering and trying to find out what’s over the hill and beyond the horizon、56.How did Clara get the new about the essay contest?( no more than 10 words)57.Why did Clara have a front-row seat in NASA?( no more than 10 words)58.What does Clara remember about the time spent with Grandma?( no more than 15 words)59.What does the underlined phrase “hole up”mean?(1 word)60.In your opinion,why is curiosity important?( no more than 20 words)56、【答案】By reading a Time for Kids magazine、Or: From a Time for Kids magazine【解析】根据文章第一段第二句话I’d finished a worksheet early and picked up a Time for Kids magazine可知答案.57、【答案】She won the essay contest held by NASA、Or: She named the Mars rover “Curiosity”、Or: “Curiosity” was chosen as the name of the Mars rover、【解析】题干关键信息为a front-row seat in NASA告诉我们答案在第四段，根据第四段the rover named Curiosity并结合第二段中的Curiosity is an…可知答案.58、【答案】She sat together with Grandma listening to her stories about stars、Or: Her grandma told her stories about stars、Or: They sat together talking about stars、【解析】根据文章倒数第二段I remember as a little girl, my grandmother and I would sit together in the backyard for hours、She’d tell me stories and point out the stars可知答案.59、【答案】Stay/ Remain/ Live/ Hide【解析】结合语境：我们人类不能老呆在一个地方.60、【答案】Curiosity is important because it leads to discovery or inventions、Or: With Curiosity, we keep asking questions and exploring the world unknown、Or: Curiosity drives us through our lives so that we never stop wondering about the things beyond our knowledge、【解析】开放型问题.读懂文章，不难回答，回答时需把握文章主题，并进行概括提炼，合理回答.五、书面表达61.假设你是某大学的学生李津，你校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动，你欲参选，请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿.✧个人的优势介绍（如性格、特长等）✧组织校内的活动的设想（如举办讲座、英语晚会等）✧组织校际交流活动的设想（如举办辩论赛、演讲比赛等）✧表达竞选的愿望.注意：1.词数不少于100；2.请勿提及真实学校姓名3.可适当的加入细节，以使内容充实，行文连贯；4.开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数.参考词汇：副主席：vice president竞选：run forGood afternoon,my dear friends,My name is Li Jin,Thank you、【Possible Version】Good afternoon, my dear friends、My name is Li Jin、I’m outgoing and get on well with my classmates and teachers、I am skilled inorganizing all kinds of activities、I’d like to run for the vice president of the English club in our school、I know as the vice president, I must do the following things for the club: I will try to make it known to every student and more students involved in the activities organized by the club、Also, to improve our English and get more students interested in English, I intend to organize some activities at school like lectures and English parties and inter-school ones such as English debate competitions and speech contests、I hope all of you will vote for me、Thank you、。

2013年天津市高考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．1．（1分）﹣I'm going to Venice next week．﹣．Carnival will be held then．Have fun！（）A．You're crazy B．You're luckyC．You'd better not D．You never know【考点】JI：语言交际．【分析】﹣﹣我下周要去威尼斯．﹣﹣你运气真好．那时会举办狂欢节．祝你玩得愉快!【解答】答案B．A项"你疯了"；C项"你最好不要"；D项"你永远不会懂"；B项"你真幸运"；根据答句中的"Carnival will be held then．Have fun"可知，那时威尼斯会举办狂欢节，应答的人是羡慕前面的人（去威尼斯旅行的），故选B．【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关系．其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆．2．（1分）If you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to a hand．（）A．lend B．shake C．wave D．want【考点】AE：动词的辨析．【分析】如果你有麻烦，迈克总是乐意伸出援助之手．【解答】答案：A 短语搭配，lend sb a hand向某人伸出援助之手，帮助某人；shake hands 握手；wave a hand挥手；want a hand需要帮助．句意表达的是帮忙，故选A．【点评】动词短语是一个比较难的语言点，搭配较多，用法灵活．学习时，要注意积累．尤其是相似或相近的用法，要注意区分和掌握．3．（1分）I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time﹣﹣there are meaningful things to do．（）A．less B．more C．the least D．the most【考点】71：副词的比较级与最高级．【分析】我认为每天晚上都看电视是浪费时间﹣﹣有更有意义的事情可做．【解答】答案：B根据句意并结合选项可知，这里指的是比看电视有意义的事情，表示两者比较，因此此处应使用形容词的比较级；A．less：较少地，不如；B．more：更多的；故选B【点评】本题考查了形容词的比较级的用法．做本题时，可根据句意判断出此处表示二者的比较，应使用形容词meaningful的比较级形式more meaningful；less是few/little的比较级，通常表示否定意义；more是many/much的比较级，表示比…多．做类似的题时，需要熟练掌握形容词比较级的意义及用法．4．（1分）﹣Mary's been offered a job in a university，but she doesn't want to take it．﹣？It's a very good chance．（）A．Guess what B．So what C．Who cares D．How why【考点】JI：语言交际．【分析】﹣﹣﹣Mary被给予了一份在大学里的工作，但是她不想接受（这份工作）．﹣﹣﹣为什么呢？这是一个很不错的机会．【解答】答案D．A项"猜猜看怎么了"；B项"那又如何呢"；C项"谁在乎呢"；D项"为什么呢"；根据上下文语境可知，Mary被给予了一个工作而不想做，后面说这是一个好机会．可见，说话者应该想知道原因，所以问‘这是为什么．'，因此D项符合语境，故选D．【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关系．其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆．5．（1分）small，the company has about 1，000 buyers in over 30 countries．（）A．As B．If C．Although D．Once【考点】92：从属连词；GD：省略句．【分析】尽管规模不大，但这家公司却拥有（分布在）三十多个国家的大约一千名采购员．【解答】答案：C as因为；if如果；although尽管；once一旦．题干表示的是转折关系，只有although表达这个意思．故选：C．【点评】连词用来连接复合句，类型较多．平时学习时，要注意掌握．6．（1分）We have launched another man﹣made satellite，is announced in today's newspaper．（）A．that B．which C．who D．what【考点】59：关系代词；H2：非限制性定语从句．【分析】句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的．【解答】答案选B．句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的．因为中间是个逗号，并且前后都是一个句子，这说明需要一个连词；同时这个连词必须担当主语．根据句子意思，此处关系代词which指代整个主句引导非限制性定语从句．符合这个条件的只有B．what引导的名词性从句不能和主句分割开来，that引导的名词性从句不能在句中担当任何成分．其实这是一个定语从句，which指代前面的整句话．故选B．【点评】考查定语从句．一般解法是"一看先行词，二看在句中所担当的成分"．7．（1分）While she was in Paris，she developed a _____for fine art．（）A．way B．relation C．taste D．habit【考点】35：名词的词义辨析．【分析】她在巴黎期间，培养了对艺术的鉴赏力．【解答】答案：C．A方法，道路；B关系；C品尝，鉴赏力；D习惯．while引导的为一时间状语从句，主句中为一简单的主谓宾结构．结合句子的逻辑关系可知应该是培养的一种对艺术的爱好，所以用a taste for"对…的品味/鉴赏力"．故选C．【点评】注意区分不同名词的含义以及用在句子中是否符合逻辑关系．8．（1分）I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn't able to （）A．get away B．drop in C．check out D．hold on【考点】A9：动词短语．【分析】今年我本来希望能去休假，但是我没能去成．【解答】答案A．B项"顺便拜访"；C项"退房结账"；D项"坚持，继续，别挂断"；A项"逃脱，离开"；根据句子"I had hoped to take a holiday this year"可知，"had hoped"表示过去本来希望做某事但事实上没做，是对过去的一种虚拟，而"but"之后的句子表示过去的客观事实，即表示过去事实上我没能离开（去休假），故选A．【点评】本题考查动词辨析．解答此类题目首先要读懂句意，理解每个选项动词的意思，然后根据上下文语境锁定合适的动词．平时要加强动词词汇量的积累．9．（1分）No one be more generous，he has a heart of gold．（）A．could B．must C．dare D．need【考点】A6：情态动词．【分析】不可能有谁比他更慷慨了，他有一颗金子般的心．【解答】答案：A根据句意可知此处表示推测：不可能有谁比他更慷慨了；A．could是can的过去式，可用于否定句中表示推测，意为"一定不"；B．must表示推测时，意为"一定、准是"通常只用于肯定句；C．dare 敢；D．need 需要；故选：A．【点评】本题考查了could在否定句中表示推测的用法．做类似题时，首先根据句意判断出此处表示推测，然后根据各选项的意义及用法，选出正确答案；因此平时应注意总结并掌握情态动词表推测的用法．10．（1分）In some languages，100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations．（）A．using B．to useC．having used D．used【考点】BB：过去分词．【分析】在一些语言中，100个单词占了日常对话所使用的所有单词的一半．【解答】答案D．题干中make up是谓语动词，________in daily conversations作后置定语，修饰words，words与use之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词used．故选D．【点评】过去分词作定语过去分词作定语与所修饰的词之间有两种关系：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念．分词作定语有两种形式：它可以放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置定语；有的放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置定语．（1）前置定语：单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前．如：the developed countries发达国家；well﹣trained policemen训练有素的警察man﹣made satellites人造卫星；（2）后置定语：当单个过去分词及由过去分词修饰代词时，需置于被修饰词之后；过去分词短语作定语要后置．如：Don't use words，expression_rs or phrases known only to people with specific knowledge．不要运用只有具有特别知识的人才能懂的词汇和表达方式．The bridge built last month needs repairing．上个月建造的那座桥需要修理．11．（1分）It was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own plan．（）A．that B．where C．why D．when【考点】GC：强调句．【分析】一直到信的结尾他才提到他自己的计划．【解答】答案A．句意为：一直到信的结尾他才提到他自己的计划．强调句型的基本结构为：It is+被强调部分+that+剩余部分．判断是否为强调句型的方法，把It is 与that去掉组成完整的句子结构，即为强调句型，由此可知本句属于强调句型，故答案为A．【点评】强调句的概念：强调句（The Emphatic Pattern）是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式．通过各种方式对句子中的某个部分进行强调，从而起到修辞的作用．英语常用的强调结构有：It is （was）+被强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+that/who…；what…be…句型；比如：It was in London that they met each other for the first time．It is not till yesterday morning that he told me this．直到昨天上午他才告诉我这件事．It was when he fell asleep that I came back home．我是在他睡着了才回到家．that 前面的部分就是强调的内容．12．（1分）At our factory there are a few machines similar to described in this magazine．（）A．them B．these C．those D．ones【考点】55：指示代词．【分析】我们工厂的有些机器和杂志上描述的相似．【解答】答案：C．根据句意可知，所选词是用来代替上文提到的"a few machines"而且其后有后置定语"described in this magazine"修饰，由此可知，此处属于同类中的特指，those是that的复数形式．them用作宾语，指前面所提到过的事或物，these这些，ones泛指，前面的可数名词复数，故选C．【点评】结合句子的意思掌握代词的不同分类，弄清不同代词的用法，在不同的语言环境中灵活运用他们．13．（1分）The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers _______ one of the main pipes．（）A．had repaired B．have repairedC．repaired D．are repairing【考点】E9：过去完成时．【分析】句意：水供应已暂时被切断，因为工人们正在维修其中一个主管道．【解答】答案D根据has been cut off判断应该是现在的某种时态．再根据时间状语temporarily可以判断出repair是现在正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时．故选D项．【点评】考查时态．可以根据时间状语或主从句的时态一致原则判断．14．（1分）If he had spent more time practising speaking English before，he _________ able to speak it much better now．（）A．will be B．would beC．has been D．would have been【考点】GJ：虚拟语气．【分析】如果以前他花更多时间练习说英语的话，那么现在他英语就会说得更好．【解答】答案B．本题实际上是考查错综时间的虚拟语气．if条件句的虚拟有三种情况：对过去的虚拟，从句用had done，主句用could/would/might+have done；对现在的虚拟，从句用did，主句用could/would/might+do；对将来的虚拟，从句用did/were to do/should+do，主句用could/would/might+do．由从句中的had spent可知从句与过去事实相反；由主句中的now 可知主句与现在事实相反，故用would be．故答案选B．【点评】本题实际上是考查错综时间的虚拟语气．当主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做错综条件句．这时可以根据时间状语和if条件句虚拟语气中动词的变化形式加以辨别．15．（1分）I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents．（）A．That B．Which C．Whether D．What【考点】H7：wh﹣引导的主语从句．【分析】我想告诉你的是我深爱我的父母并很尊重他们．【解答】答案：D．分析句子结构可知I want to tell you为一个主语从句，该从句中缺少一个动词tell的宾语，选项中只有what引导名词性从句时充当成分；故选D．I have for my parents为一定语从句，修饰先行词the deep love and respect，关系词为that或者which，因为作动词have的宾语，故给省略了．故选：D．【点评】我们必须特别关注what所引导的名词性从句，what引导名词性从句时，必须在句中担当主、宾、表等成分，意思是"…的事或东西"，一般也不能用逗号和主句分割开来，插入语除外．二.第二节：完形填空（共1小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项．16．（30分）As I held my father's hands one night，I couldn't help but notice their calluses（老茧）and roughness．His hands tell the story of his life as a（16）C，including all his struggles．One summer，I remember，a drought （旱灾）hit Ontario，turning it into a（17）D desert．On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last（18）A from the grocery store．Fifty dozen was all we needed，which（19）B took twentyminutes．That morning，however，the process didn't（20）A quickly．After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field，we（21）B needed twenty dozen．I was completely frustrated and（22）C．Dropping the basket heavily，I declared，"If the store wants its last twenty dozen，they can pick it themselves1"Dad （23）D"Just think，my little girl，onlyten dozen left for each of us and then we're（24）B．"Such is Dad﹣﹣whatever problem he（25）A，he never gives up．（26）C，the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our county．It was a challenging time for everyone，（27）D Dad remained optimistic．He（28）C to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plated．Only then did I truly begin to（29）B Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times．Dad is also a living example of real（30）A．From dawn to dusk，he walks countless hours to（31）A our family．He always puts our happiness（32）B his own，and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games（33）A his exhaustion after long days．His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and（34）C putting others first．Dad，the life（35）D I have learned from you will stay with me forever．You are my father，teacher，friend and，most importantly，my hero．16．A．teacher B．gardener C．farmer D．grocer 17．A．stormy B．lively C．disappearing D．burning 18．A．order B．form C．gap D．position 19．A．repeatedly B．normally C．finally D．really 20．A．go B．begin C．occur D．change 21．A．yet B．still C．even D．nearly 22．A．surprised B．nervous C．angry D．frightened 23．A．apologized B．cried C．complained D．laughed 24．A．lost B．done C．gone D．touched 25．A．meets with B．brings up C．works out D．thinks about 26．A．Thankfully B．Hopefully C．Unfortunately D．Strangely 27．A．or B．for C．so D．but 28．A．happened B．seemed C．continued D．aimed 29．A．face B．appreciate C．examine D．question30．A．love B．pride C．friendship D．honesty 31．A．support B．settle C．start D．impress 32．A．after B．before C．beside D．under 33．A．in spite of B．in terms of C．in control of D．in place of 34．A．careful B．regretful C．considerate D．humorous 35．A．history B．motto C．patterns D．lessons【考点】M6：人生感悟类阅读．【分析】本文作者主要赞扬了父亲的品行并且讲述了父亲对自己产生的积极影响．文中作者通过讲述他们的家乡安大略省在一年夏天，遭受旱灾时，她与父亲冒着酷暑为交付杂货店的订单在地里漫无目的找甜玉米的故事，旨在说明父亲在困难面前从不屈服，永远保持着乐观的精神，从而使作者对父亲引导着他们度过困难时期充满了感激之情；另外，作者在文中还讲到了父亲对家人无私的爱，并鼓舞着作者要把别人放在首位，使自己变得更具同情心，并且更体贴；最后，作者表明将永远记住从父亲那里学到的人生功课，父亲不仅是她的老师，朋友，最重要的还是她的英雄．【解答】答案：16．C 考查名词的词义辨析，根据下文提到了"picking sweet corn with my dad"，"in the field"并结合上文对父亲的手的描写"their calluses（老茧）and roughness"可知，作者的父亲应是一位农民；故选C17．D 考查形容词的词义辨析，A．有暴风雨的；B．充满活力的；C．消失的；D．燃烧的；根据上一句"a drought （旱灾）hit Ontario"可知，安大略省发生了旱灾；这里指的应是：该地区变成了燃烧的沙漠；故选D18．A 考查名词的词义辨析，结合上下文可知，作者与父亲在地里掰甜玉米是为了交付杂货店的最后一笔订单；其中"fill an order"为固定短语，意为：交付订货；故选A 19．B 考查副词的词义辨析，根据下一句"然而，那天早上，这一过程进展地并不快"可知，此处表达的应是在通常情况下，即：50打通常只需要20分钟；故选B20．A 考查动词的词义辨析，根据上一句"50打通常只需要20分钟"可推测出，本句的意思是：然而，那天早上，这一过程进展地并不快；go"进展"的意思；故选A21．B 考查副词的词义辨析，根据上文提到"Fifty dozen was all we needed"以及下文"I was completely frustrated"可知，这里应表示"我们仍然还需要20打"；故选B22．C 考查形容词的词义辨析，根据下文"Dropping the basket heavily，I declared，"If the store wants its last twenty dozen，they can pick it themselves"我重重地将篮子仍在地上，并且宣布，"如果杂货店还要那他们自己去掰那20打"可知，此处表明了我的愤怒，故选C 23．D 考查形容词的词义辨析，根据下文父亲开导我的话以及"he never gives up"可知，这时父亲应是和颜悦色或是笑着对我说；故选D24．B 考查形容词的词义辨析，结合上下文可知，本句的意思应是：我们每人只剩下10打，然后我们就做完了；故选B25．A 考查动词短语的用法，本句的意思是：无论他碰到什么样的难题，他都从不放弃；A．碰到；遭受；B．提出；养育；C．解决；作出；D．考虑…；故选A 26．C 考查副词的词义辨析，根据下一句"the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our county．"表达的是很遭的情况，即：干旱所带来的灾难性的影响遍布了全省；故选C27．D 考查连词的词义辨析，分析前后两句的句意可知，此处表达的应是转折关系；即：虽然对每个人来说，这都是一个具有挑战性的时刻，但是爸爸仍然很乐观；故选D 28．C 考查动词的词义辨析，本句描述的是父亲仍很乐观的具体表现，即：他继续对其他的事物充满了感激，如良好的健康状况以及我们盘中的食物；故选C29．B 考查动词的词义辨析，此处动词的宾语是：Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times；爸爸以及引导我们度过困难时期的信念；由于上文主要讲述了爸爸面对困难不放弃，保持乐观的精神，因此此处应填动词appreciate，表达了作者对父亲以及引导他们度过困难时期的信念的感激；故选B30．A 考查名词的词义辨析，通读本段可知，本句是该段的中心句；结合下文"His loving and selfless nature他的爱和无私的天性"可知，本段主要赞扬了父亲对家人无私的爱；故选A31．A 考查动词的词义辨析，结合上文可知，此处应表示：父亲从早到晚，工作无数个小时来支撑着我们的家庭；A．支撑；支持；B．解决；安排；C．起动；开办；使开始；D．给…以深刻印象；使铭记；故选A32．B 考查介词的用法，根据本段主要讲述了父亲无私的爱可知，本句的意思应是：他总是将我们的幸福放在他的前面；故选B33．A 考查介词短语的用法，根据前后两句的句意关系可知，此处应表示转折，即：尽管他经历了长时间的疲劳，他从不会忘记在我参加运动会时为我加油；A．虽然，尽管…；B．就…而言；C．控制，掌握；D．代替；故选A34．C 考查形容词的词义辨析，根据句中的"putting others first"把别人放在首位可推测出，此处的意思应是，应学会体谅他人；故本句的句意应是：他的爱和无私的天性鼓舞着我要把别人放在首位，使自己变得更具同情心，并且更体贴；故选C35．D 考查名词的词义辨析，根据文中提到"Dad is also a living example of…"父亲是她学习的榜样以及"You are my father，teacher…"父亲是我的老师可知，此处指的应是父亲给她上的人生功课；故选D【点评】做本题时，首先要快速浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意，缕清作者的写作思路；然后结合上下文，逐句分析，并正确理解每一句话的意思；最后结合选项中各单词或短语的意义及用法，找到符合文意的选项．第二部分：阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．17．（12.5分）Guide to Stockholm University LibraryOur library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment．ZonesThe library is divided into different zones．The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading，and places where you can sit and work with your own computer．The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs．The ground floor is the zone where you can talk．Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work．ComputersYou can use your own computer to connect to the wi﹣fi specially prepared for notebook computers，your can also use library computers，which contain the most commonly used applications，such as Microsoft Office．They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor．Group﹣study placesIf you want to discuss freely without disturbing others，you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor．Some study rooms are for 2﹣3people and others can hold up to 6﹣8people．All rooms are marked on the library maps．There are 40group﹣study rooms that must be booked via the website．To book，you need anactive University account and a valid University card．You can use a room three hours per day，nine hours at most per week．Storage of Study MaterialThe library has lockers for students to store course literature，When you have obtained at least 40credits（学分），you may rent a locker and pay 400SEK for a year's rental period．Rules to be FollowedMobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the librar．Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls．Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library，but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you．36．The library's upper floor is mainly for students to AA．read in a quiet place B．have group discussionsC．take comfortable seats D．get their computers fixed37．Library computers on the ground floor BA．help students with their field experimentsB．contain software essential for schoolworkC．are for those who wan to access the wi﹣fiD．are mostly used for filling out application forms38．What condition should be met to book a group﹣study room？CA group must consist of 8people B．Three﹣hour use per day is the minimum C．One should first register at the university D．Applicants must mark the room on the map39．A student can rent a locker in the library if he DA．can afford the rental fee B．attends certain coursedC．has nowhere to put his books D．has earned the required credits40．What should NOT be brought into the library？DA．Mobile phones B．Orange juice．C．Candy D．Sandwiches．【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读．【分析】文章主要介绍了斯德哥尔摩大学图书馆．图书馆分为几个区域，有安静的阅览室，有电脑室，有集体讨论的地方还有储物柜．最后还介绍了图书馆的一些规定．【解答】36．A 细节理解题．根据"The upper floor is aquiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading"可知，上层是供安静地看书的地方，故选A．37．B 细节理解题．根据"you can also use library computers，which contain the most commonly used applications，such as Microsoft Office"可知，学校图书馆的电脑安装有一些最常用的软件，像微软办公软件．故选B．38．C 细节理解题．根据"To book，you need an active University account and a valid University card．"可知，预订的前提条件是，你必须是本校的在册学生，还要有学生卡．故选C．39．D 细节理解题．根据"When you have gained at least 40 credits（学分），you may renta locker"可知，想租储物柜，必须获得40学分以上，故选D．40．D 细节理解题．根据"Keep your phone on silent…food and fruit are forbidden in the library，but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you"可知，手机调静音，食物和水果禁止带入图书馆，可以带饮料和糖果．故选D．【点评】解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．18．（12.5分）Last night's meteor（流星）shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers．According to Gabe Rothsclild，Emerald Valley's mayor，people gathered in the suburbs of the city，carrying heavy telescopes，expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky．What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city's lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead．"My family was so frustrated，"admitted town resident Duane Cosby，"We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing，but it turned out to be a huge disappointments．"Astronomers﹣scientists who study stars and planets﹣﹣have been complaining about this problem for decades．They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past．They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it．There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution．This population consists of birds，bats frogs，snakes，etc．Forexample，outdoor lighting severely affects migrating（迁徙的）birds．According to the International Dark﹣Sky Association．"100million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers．"Countless more animals casualties（伤亡）result from the use of artificial lighting．Clearly，people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings，but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans，too．They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase person's chances of getting cancer．Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of hight pollution．For years，Flagstaff，Arizona，has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory．Similar efforts have been made worldwide，and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them，so that other creatures can share the night．41．It happened last night that AA．the city's lights affected the meteor watching B．the meteors flew past before being noticedC．the city light show attracted many people D．the meteor watching ended up a social outing42．What do the astronomers complain about？CA．Meteor showers occur less often than beforeB．Their observation equipment is in poor repairC．Light pollution has remained unsolved for yearsD．Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting43．What the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4？DA．Birds may take other migration pathsB．Animal'living habits may change suddenlyC．Varieties of animals will become sharply reducedD．Animals'survival is threatened by outdoor lighting44．Lighting regulations in Flagstaff，Arizona are put into effect to BA．Lessen the chance of getting cancerB．create an ideal observation conditionC．ensure citizens a good sleep at nightD．enable all creatures to live in harmony45．What message does the author most want to give us？CA．Saving wildlife is saving ourselvesB．Great efforts should be made to save energyC．Human activities should be environmentally friendlyD．New equipment should be introduced for space study．【考点】OA：健康环保类阅读．【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章是由一个事例进而引发出要讨论的话题．作者在文章中表示许多人想在晚上看流星雨，但结果由于光线太亮，而影响了他们的观看效果，由此引发了人们对光污染的思考．【解答】41．A 推理判断题．根据题干关键词last night快速定位第一段．根据a sky so brightened by the city's lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead可知"城市的夜空被灯点缀的是如此明亮以至于头上飞过的流星的光亮暗淡了，因此影响了人们观星"．故选A．42．C 推理判断题．根据题干关键词astronomers快速定位第三段．根据they say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects …they could see quite easily in the past．可以推断光污染问题一直没有得到解决，这才是他们所抱怨的．故选C．43．D 推理判断题．根据题干快速定位第四段．根据There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution．可知讲述了灯光污染对鸟类、蝙蝠、青蛙、蛇等动物的影响，尤其是其严重影响了鸟类的迁徙，因此可知讲述的是动物的生存受到户外灯光的影响，故选D．44．B 推理判断题．由题干中的大写Flagstaff，Arizona可快速定位文章最后一段，根据Flagstaff，Arizona，has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory可知推行此规定的目的是为了让天文学家能更好的观察．故选B．45．C 写作意图题．文章主要讲的是灯光污染给人类和其它生物带来的影响，而灯光的直接造成原因就是人类本身，因此作者写本文主要是要告知人们人类的活动应该要注意环保，减少光污染．故选C．【点评】做阅读理解时要快速的浏览全文，把握文章主旨大意，带着问题回到原文，寻。

2013年高考英语试题分类解析非谓语动词【2013北京】24. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.A. FindB. FindingC. To findD. Found【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。

此处动词find与主语she为主动关系且作原因状语，故用现在分词finding。

句意：（由于）她发现该课程很难，她就决定转到低一水平的（课程）。

【2013北京】29. When we saw the road with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.A. blockB. to blockC. blockingD. blocked【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。

此处非谓语动词作宾补，动词block与see的宾语the road之间为被动关系，构成短语see sb/ sth done。

故选D。

【2013福建】22. ______ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. KnownB. Having knownC. KnowingD. Being known【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。

此句谓语为will help，因此所选非谓语动词做主语，故使用动名词，答案选C。

【2013福建】32. Anyone, once _______ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.A. to be testedB. being testedC. testedD. to test【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词和状语从句的省略。