2011年湖南高考英语试卷及答案(高清晰版)

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单选填空（共15 小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

21.---We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.---Yes, ?I’ll give them a call right now.A. why notB. What forC. whyD. what22. Try she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.A. ifB. whenC. sinceD. as23.Planing so far ahead no sense-so many thing will have changed by next year.A.madeB.is makingC.makesD.has made24.I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he polite.A.was just beingB.will just beC.had just beenD.would just be25.-Someone wants you on the phone. - nobody knows I am here.A.AlthoughB.AndC.ButD.So26．I can the house being untidy, but Ihate it if it’s not clean.A. come up withB.put up withC. turn toD.stick to27．The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.A.roseB.risingC. to riseD.risen28．Only when he reached the tea-house it was the same place he’d been in last year.A. he realizedB.he did realizeC.realized heD.did he realize29．When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there.A.had been lyingB.has been lyingC.was lyingD.has lain30．The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself.A.rather thanB.other thanC.more thanD.better than31．The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what32．They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A.willB.canC.mustD.should33．It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;不填34．William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to .A.disappearB.fallC.failD.damage35．—Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.—Well, you married one. .A.You name itB.I’ve got itC.I can’t agree moreD.You should know第二节完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分.第一卷1至12页.第二卷13至14页.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.第一卷注意事项：1.答第一卷前，考生务必将自己地姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目地答案标号涂黑.如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号.不能答在试卷上.第一部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）1高1考1资1源1网1 从A, B, C, D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词地划线部分读音相同地选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.例：haveA. gaveB. saveC. hatD. made答案是C.1 ．cushionA. buttonB. butcherC. buryD. duty2. countryA.announceB. coughC. encourageD. shoulder3 ．pillowA. flowerB. allowC. knowledgeD. follow4. reachA. breatheB. reallyC. pleasureD. heaven5 ．ChristmasA. handkerchiefB. teacherC. acheD. merchant第二节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A, B, C, D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处地最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.例：It is generally considered unwise to give a childhe or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B.6. ----Did you forget about my birthday?----I’ve booked a table at Michel’s restaurant for this evening.A. What then?B. I’m afraid so.C. how could I?D. For sure.7. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt,is a stupid thing to do in such weather.A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which8. If you smoke, please go outside.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. may9. If you don't like the drink you______just leave it and try a different one.A. orderedB. are orderingC. will orderD. had ordered10. Mary, I_____John of his promise to help you.A. toldB. remindedC. warnedD. advised11. I got this bicycle for;My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.A. everythingB. somethingC. anythingD. nothing12. It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it isanother to play it well yourself.A. quiteB. veryC. ratherD. much13. Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and .A. neither won’t TomB. Tom won’t eitherC. Tom will tooD. so will Tom14. This shop will be closed for repairsfurther notice.A. withB. untilC. forD. at15. The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined16. As he reached front door, Jack saw strange sight.A. the;不填B. a; theC.不填aD. the; a17．Mr. Stevenson is great to work for--I really couldn't ask for a＿boss.A. betterB. goodC. bestD. still better18．Sarah pretended to be cheerful,______nothing about the argument.A. says B: said C. to say D. saying19. It was a nice meal,_______a little expensive.A. thoughB. whetherC. asD. since20.-----So you gave her your phone?-----______she said she'd return it to me when she could afford her own.A. My pleasureB. Not exactlyC. No doubtD. All right第三节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给地四个选项(A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处地最佳选项飞并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the __21____home from work in the evenings. A man will be__22____the newspaper, and seconds later it __23___ as if he is trying to ___24__it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger___25__ next to him.___26___ place where unplanned short sleep __27__ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring（打鼾）so ___28____that the professor has to ask another student to___29___ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing（尴尬）situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the ___30___ of the head pushes the arm off the___31___, andthe movement carries the__32___ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no___33___ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when __34___ . Police reports are full of ___35___ that occur when people fall into sleepand go__36_____ the road. If the drivers are ___37____ , they are not seriously hurt. One woman's car, ___38____ , went into the river. She woke up in four feet of __39____ and thought it was raining. Whenpeople are really ___40_____，nothing will stop them from falling asleep -- no matter where they are.21.A. way B. track C. path D. road22.A. buying B. folding C. delivering D. reading23.A. acts B. shows C. appears D. sounds24.A. open B. eat C. find D. finish25.A. lying B. waiting C. talking D. sitting26.A. Next B.Every C. Another D. One27.A. goes on B.ends up sts D. returns28.A. bravely B. happily C. loudly D. carelessly29.A. leave B. shake C. keep D. watch30.A. size B. shape C. weight D. strength31.A. cushion B.desk C. shoulder D. book32.A. action B. position C. rest D. side33.A. memory B. reason C. question D. purpos34.A. thinking B. working C. walking D. driving35.A. changes B. events C. ideas D. accidents36.A. up B. off C. along D. down37.A. lucky B. awake C. calm D. strong38.A. in time B. at first C. as usual D. for example39.A. dust B. water C. grass D. bush40.A. tired B. drunk C. lonely D. lazy第二部分阅读理解（共25小题.第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给地四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.ASince 1984, Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. One by one, graffiti-covered walls are being changed into outdoor art. So far, more than 1,800 murals（壁画）have been painted. Philadelphia now has more murals than any other American city.The walls that were once ugly with graffiti（涂鸦）are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP). Its work makes schoolsand public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. The program began as part ofPhiladelphia's Anti-Graffiti Network. Jane Golden is the MAP's artisticdirector. "When people askme what our program is about," she says, "I answer them with one word: hope." Each year, theMAP offers youth art programs and workshops. Some one-time graffiti writers even help paintMAP murals.The MAP's work, says Golden, is all about developing a sense of community（社区）．When a neighborhood requests a mural, the MAP works with the people there to develop a message. Somemessages have been "Safe Streets," "Love and Care," and "Peace Walk."The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. Last year, the workers painted 140murals."The making of a mural enters people's collective memory as an extraordinary, pleasantmoment in neighborhood history" says Golden, who began as a muralist in Los Angeles.41．What can be the best title for the text?A. Love, from Graffiti Writers to MuralistsB. MAP, a New Company in PhiladelphiaC. Jane, an Excellent Mural ArtistD. Hope, One Wall at a Time42. What is the Mural Arts Program in Philadelphia aimed at?A. Helping the young find jobs.B. Protecting the neighborhood.C. Fighting against graffiti.D. Attracting more visitors.43．How does the MAP decide on the message for a mural?A. By having discussions with people in the community.B．By seeking advice from the city government.C．By learning from the young graffiti writers.D. By studying the history of the city.44. Which of the following words best describes the work of the MAP?A. Difficult. B．Dangerous. C. Experimental．D. Successful.BFor those who study the development of intelligence（智力）in the animal world, self-awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware（意识）of itself has a high level of intelligence.Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image（反射出地影像）.Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying evry little attention to the reflected image. Only humans, and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins, have shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the NationalAcademy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror self-reflection test.“We thought that elephants were the next important animal,” said Dinana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M.Plotnik and Fans B.M. de Waal of EmoryUniversity. With their large brains, Reiss said, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”The researchers tested Happy, Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo.They put an 8-foot-square mirror on a wall of the animals’play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it, and to examine parts of their bodies.Of the three, Happy then passed the test, in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.Diana Reiss said, "We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way."45. What can mirror tests tell us about animals?A. Whether they have large brains.B．Whether they have self-awareness.C. Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises.D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.46. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?A. They are most familiar to readers.B. They are big favorites with zoo visitors.C. They are included in the study by Reiss.D. They are already known to be intelligent.47. What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty?A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror.B. She recognized her own image in the mirror.C. She painted a mark on her own face.D. She found the hidden camera.CStudent Membership--Cambridge Arts CinemaCambridge Arts Cinema is one of the art houses in Britain and home of the internationallycelebrated Cambridge Film Festival. Since 1947 generations of students have discovered the wealth of world cinema. Now you too can make most of it and save money.48. Which of the following is the most famous event held at Cambridge Arts Cinema?A. The Cambridge Film Festival.B. Meetings with filmmakers.C. The preview screening.D. Monthly premieres.49. If you're a member of Cambridge Arts Cinema, you will enjoy free＿A. Darkroom Gallery showsB. mailed programmesC. special film eventsD. film shows50. How long will the membership for Cambridge Arts Cinema last?A. Four months.B. Eight months.C. Nine months.D. One year.51．For what purpose is the text written?A. Offering students cheaper tickets．B. Announcing the opening of a premiere.C. Telling the public of the cinema's address.D. Increasing the cinema's membership.DThe way we do things round hereSome years ago, I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of thePersonnel Department that started, "Dear John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to joinus." That "quite" saddened me. I thought he was saying "we're kind of pleased you decided to joinus although I wish we had hired someone else." Then I discovered that in American English "quite"sometimes means "very", while in British English it means "fairly".So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don'tjust mean the words people speak. It is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures（文化）．Some of these differences may be only on the surface-dress, food and hours of work-while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate（气候），while getting on with business.Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite; the service is better;you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However, other differences can be troubling, like punctuality（准时）．If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in theAmerican Midwest, an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hourafterwards in Italy and sometime in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word "late"because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do intheir own country.52. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought______．A. the American bank didn't think much of himB. the American bank might hire another personC. it's difficult to get used to American cultureD. it's easy to misunderstand Americans53．The word "highlights" in Paragraph 2 probably means_____.A. encouragesB. helps to narrowC. increasesD. draws attention to54. According to the author, what should we do with most cultural differences?A. Ask the native people for help.B. Understand and accept them.C. Do things in our own way.D. Do in-depth research.55. When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are______.A. ItaliansB. GermansC. GreeksD. the BritishE"I didn't hear them call my name," explained Shelley Hennig to Active Teens (AT) as she talkedabout that exciting moment on national television when she won the honor of Miss Teen USA 2004."Are you ready?" is what she heard. Then she said, "I shook my head no, and then they said‘yes’and it was announced again."It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeen-year-old high school student from Destrehan, Louisiana----she was still on cloud nine．"I was so shocked! I never believed that it could actually really happen." Present in the audience（观众）that day were: her mother and father, older brother, her friends, and her dance teacher.Understanding why members of her family and her friends would be there, AT asked why herdance teacher had traveled so far to see her compete（比赛）．"She's always been my role model．I've danced with her since I was six. She's been through so many difficulties and came throughthem all. I've learned to get over bad life's experiences and learned how to move on because ofher."One of those bad life's experiences for Shelley happened three years ago when her brotherBrad was killed in a drunk driving accident. He was 18. She found writing helped her get throughthe rough days. She said, "I write a lot about my brother. I write a lot, a lot, a lot...”As Miss Louisiana Teen, she traveled around the state speaking to teens（青少年）about the dangers of drinking and driving. In her role as Miss Teen USA, Sheiley will continue to speak toyouth about safe driving, in addition to many other things to help the youth.When AT asked Miss Teen USA if she had any advice for our readers, she said, "Don't letanyone change you. Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself. That way, it iseasy to be yourself."56.What do the words “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. frightenedB. troubledC. very happyD. very angry57.Shelley takes her dance teachers as a role medel mainly because she is .A. determinedB. friendlyC. strictD. experienced58.How many children did the Hennigs have according to the text?A. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.59.What did Shelley often do after she became Miss Louisiana Teen?A. She visited drunken drivers.B. She gave dance performance.C. She made speeches on safe driving.D. She helped other teens with their studies.60.What suggestion does Shelley give to the teens?A. Be yourself with the support of friends.B．Meet friends whenever possible.C. Go easy on yourself and others.D. Have a good role model.第二节根据对话内容，从对话后地选项中选出能填入空白处地最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.选项中有两项为多余选项.---Excuse me, have you been waiting long?----About ten minutes.---- 61------Not while I’ve been standing here. I’m waiting for the number seven myself.------Good. Hot today, isn’t it?----Yes, it is 62------Me too. This is unusual for March I don’t remember it ever being so hot and dry in March before.-----You’re from Florida then.------Not really. 63------My mother and I have just moved here from Indiana.------Pretty cold in Indiana, isn’t it?------Yes.That’s why we moved. But we didn’t know that it would be so hot here.We should have gone to California. 64 .------No. It’s always a little late. Do you have the time? My watch has stopped working.----- 65------Don’t worry. It never comes exactly on the half hour like it should.A. I wish that it would rain and cool ofB. Do you think that we've missed the bus?C. No, it is always quite cool here in summer.D. It is twenty to one by my watch, but it is a little fast.E. Did you notice whether the number seven bus has gone by?R.I was born in New York, but I've lived here for ten years now.G. I have been waiting here for half an hour and still haven't seen the bus.第三部分写作（共三节，满分55分）第一节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡上相应题号地横线上写出空缺处各单词地正确形式.（每空只写一词）66. We're taking our vacation in______（七月）．66._____67. You can get even better deals if you are prepared to＿（讨价还价）．67._____68. The cards had been________（卡住）through the letterbox. 68. _____69. Smith went to Chicago for________（技术）training. 69._____70. Bob is six feet in________（身高）．70._____71．You'll______（逐渐）get better at it-----it's just a question of practice.71______72. He put the rubbish into the_______（塑料）bag and took it downstairs.72_____73. He＿（道歉）publicly for his mistake the day before yesterday.73______74. Tall people like rooms with high________（天花板）．74.______75. Eve was cutting the grass, and＿______（同时）Les was planting roses.75____第二节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）此题要求改正所给短文中地错误.对标有题号地每一行作出判断：如无错误，在答题卡该行右边横线上画一个勾（J）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：在答题卡短文上把多余地词用斜线（＼）划掉，在答题卡该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉.此行缺一个词：在答题卡短文地缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在答题卡该行右边横线上写出该加地词.此行错一个词：在答题卡短文错地词下划一横线，并在答题卡该行右边横线上写出改正后地词.注意：原行没有错地不要改.Dear George,It's been a week after we left your family and we are now 76._______back home. Thank you very much for showing them around 77.______your city and providing us for the wonderful meals. After 78._______we said goodbye to you, we went to WashingtonD.C., 79._______where we stayed for three days. My brother was so much fond 80._______of the museums there that he begged my parents to staying 81．________another couple of day. However, my father had to return to 82.________work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon. It 83．________was really a nice experience. If you'd like to make trip to 84._______our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide. 85._______Yours,Mike第三节书面表达（满分30分）假定你是李华，你所喜爱地Global Mirror周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见．请你依据以下内容给主编写封信，内容主要包括：1．说明你是该报地忠实读者2．赞赏该报优点：1)兼顾国内外新闻2)介绍名人成功故事3．提出建议：刊登指导英语学习地文章注意：1．词数100左右，开头语己为你写好；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊Dear Editor-in-Chief,Congratulations on,the,5'h anniversary,of Global Mirror!7Blnh。

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷（选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分.第一卷1至12页。

第二卷13至14页。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一卷注意事项:1.答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试卷上。

第一部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分,满分5分）1高1考1资1源1网1从A， B, C， D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.例：haveA。

gave B。

save C。

hat D。

made答案是C。

1．cushionA. button B。

butcher C。

bury D. duty2。

countryA。

announce B. cough C. encourage D。

shoulder 3．pillowA. flower B。

allow C. knowledge D。

follow4。

reachA。

breathe B. really C。

pleasure D. heaven 5．ChristmasA. handkerchiefB. teacherC. acheD. merchant第二节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A, B, C， D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants。

A. however B。

whateverC。

whichever D. whenever答案是B。

6.—---Did you forget about my birthday?———- I’ve booked a table at Michel’s restaurant for this evening。

湖南2011年高考英语Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.You will hear each conversation TWICE.Example:When will the magazine probably arrive?A. Wednesday.B. Thursday.C. Friday.The answer is B.Conversation 1( )1. Who used the car this morning?A. The son.B. The aunt.C. The mother.( )2. Where are the keys found?A. In the purse.B. In the pocket.C. In the drawer. Conversation 2( )3. Which of the following is true about the man?A. He borrowed some money.B. He is caught in the traffic.C. He will meet his teacher.( )4. How is the man going home?A. By train.B. By bus.C. By tax i.Conversation 3( )5. When was the party held?A. In the morning.B. In the afternoon.C. In the evening. ( )6. Why didn’t the woman go to the party?A. She didn’t feel well.B. She didn’t have the time.C. She didn’t get an invitation.Conversation 4( )7. What does the man want to buy?A. A camera.B. A mobile phone.C. A music player. ( )8. Which of the following does the man choose?A. The PE310.B. The RT230.C. The FG160( )9. How much does the man pay?A. $300.B. $270.C. $100Conversation 5( )10. What is the woman?A. A dress designer.B. A basketball player.C. A headmaster.( )11. What do we know about the man’s travel plan?A. He’s going by air.B. He’s leaving for Paris.C. He’s arriving this afternoon.( )12. Who is going to pick up the man?A. The woman’s son.B. The woman’s brother.C. The woman herself. Conversation 6( )13. What’s the man doing now?A. Looking for a job.B. Studying in a university.C. Teaching at a high school.( )14. What kind of movie does the man like best?A. Adventure.B. Comedy.C. Drama.( )15. Where are the speakers going first?A. The supermarket.B. The cinema.C. The café.Section B (7.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.You will hear the short passage TWICE.Part Ⅱ Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks )Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.Example:The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.A. coveringB. coveredC. coverD. to coverThe answer is A.( )21. The ability ______ an idea as important as the idea itself.A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed( )22. —Joan, what ______ in your hand?—Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.A. had you heldB. are you holdingC. do you holdD. will you hold( )23. The players ______from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. Essay Competition InstructionsTopic: My Ideal CityQuestionsExamples or Requirements LocationNear the sea, 16 , or on an island 17Depending on your own choice FeaturesMountains to make it 18 or the fastest trains in the world 19No less than three points Prize: A free trip to Europe for a stay of 20A. selectingB. to selectC. selectedD. having selected( )24. I knew that ______ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing( )25. Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ______ she spoke fluently.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that( )26. One third of the country ______ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ______ black people.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; areD. are; is( )27. In 1492 Columbus______ on one of the Bahamas Islands, but he mistook it for an island off India.A. landsB. landedC. has landedD. had landed( )28. —No one ______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. —Oh, you are really his big fan.A. canB. needC. mustD. might( )29. Do you wake up every morning ______ energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feelB. to feelC. feelingD. felt( )30. It is the most instructive lecture that I ______since I came to this school.A. attendedB. had attendedC. am attendingD. have attended( )31. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______the problem itself is.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why( )32. Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours ______ a decision.A. they reachedB. did they reachC. they reachD. do they reach( )33. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ______ he had done something very clever.A. as ifB. in caseC. whileD. though( )34. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ______ by scientists.A. are makingB. are madeC. will makeD. will be make( )35 It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.A. whichB. thatC. howD. whenSection B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the years, mostly because people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “hello”. After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to 36 the wayI was doing things.My 37 came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl who 38 her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way. However, when I had to 39 because I stupidly forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself. No one had stopped to 40 her.“OK,” I thought to myself, “this is where I should have changed.” My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man 41 by himself waiting for the library to open, so I sat down next to him and began a 42 . It was difficult to get started, and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every 43 from my new friend had a tone (语气) of doubt in it. And who could blame him?People aren’t used to making an 44 chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how 45 it is needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. I 46 you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little brighter. Together, we can really make society come 47 as a whole.( )36. A. change B. explain C. learn D. show( )37. A. trouble B. doubt C. wish D. opportunity( )38. A. took B. dropped C. got D. pulled( )39. A. come out B. stand by C. go back D. turn up( )40. A. please B. greet C. help D. praise( )41. A. sitting B. walking C. riding D. running( )42. A. discussion B. lesson C. report D. conversation ( )43. A. joke B. response C. cry D. story( )44. A. unchangeable B. unprepared C. unforgettable D. unfinished ( )45. A. desperately B. frequently C. simply D. widely( )46. A. allow B. warn C. order D. advise( )47. A. later B. straighter C. closer D. slowerSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Does going to college really pay off？Certainly！I remember taking 48 English class in college on the short story. Our first assignment was to read 49 short stories and then discuss which one was better. After reading both, I wasn’t sure. Over the 50 several months, my professor taught me 51 one story was so much better than the other. 52 was rich in metaphor (隐喻) and character development, while the other was humorous 53 too shallow. I couldn’t see this at first. Yet, in a few months, my brain got reeducated and 54 could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads 55 greater success in one’s life.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.AWhen first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob (烤肉串) hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming.Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customers especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking.A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plate piled with food.The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of the meals can serve two people and are under$10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well.The food especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill (烤肉架).The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different styles of grilled meat.One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grilled chicken pieces served with either rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, a kabob consisting of grilled beef.Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a place that should not be overlooked.( )56. When first entering the restaurant, one can find that it______.A. is splendidly decoratedB. has pleasant smells of kabobsC. is crowded with dining tablesD. looks like a common restaurant( )57. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?A. Watching news events on TV.B. Drinking a kind of black coffee.C. Reading local English newspapers.D. Discussing would topics in low voices.( )58. The food of the restaurant ______.A. is served in small amountsB. is rather expensiveC. is rich in varietyD. is very healthy( )59. What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of?A. RiceB. ChickenC. BreadD. Beef( )60. It can be inferred from the passage that the restaurant ______.A. occupies a large spaceB. owns a favorable locationC. is popular for its special foodD. has a quiet environment insideBMy father was Chief Engineer of a merchant ship, which was sunk in World War II, The book Night of the U-boats told the story.MemoriesIn September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father’s ship was getting ready to sail. We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe.Then I remember my mother lying face down, sobbing. She had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷).I can remember the arrival of the telegram (电报), which in those days always brou ght had news. My grandmother opened it. It read, “Safe. Love Ted.”My most vivid memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage.He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes.Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.Ten years later I read Night of the U-bouts and was able to complete the story.TorpedoOne torpedo struck the ship. Father was in the engine room, where the third engineer was killed. He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be abandoned.By the time he got on deck (甲板) he was alone. Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck fast. When he tried to cut it free, it swung against the ship, injuring his hand and arm. He had no choice but to jump—still with the photograph in his pocket.Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph.A ToastIn my room is the book and the photograph. Often, glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion, a sinking ship, a jump into a vast ocean and a wait for rescue? Lest (以免) we forget, I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war.( )61. We can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea______.A. to meet a friendB. to see the father offC. to take a family photoD. to enjoy the sailing of the ship( )62. What did the author learn about the father from the telegram?A. he was still alive.B. His knee was broken.C. His ship had been sunk.D. He had arrived in Glasgow.( )63. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to thefather’s______.A. weak heartB. taking a shore jobC. failure to return to seaD. injury caused by a torpedo( )64. What can we know about the author’s father a fter his ship was attacked?A. He lost his armB. He repaired the engines.C. He managed to take a lifeboat.D. He was the last to leave the ship. ( )65. What is the passage mainly about?A. A group of forgotten heroesB. A book describing a terrifying battle.C. A ship engineer’s wartime experience.D. A merchant’s memories of a sea rescue.CA recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的) species.The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forestelephant, and African savanna elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石)，mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammothsThe scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants’ significant size differences. The sava nna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciencesat the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat th e forest and savanna elephants at two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”( )66. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ______ A. the Asian elephant B. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant( )67. The underlined word “divergence” in paragraph 4means “______ ”A. evolutionB. exhibitionC. separationD. examination( )68. The researchers’ conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s ______.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population( )69. What are Alfred Roca’s words mainly about?A. The conservation of African elephants.B. The purpose of studying African elephants.C. The way to divide African elephants into two units.D. The reason for the distinction of African elephants.( )70. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalists’ Beliefs about ElephantsB. Amazing Experiments about ElephantsC. An Unexpected Finding about ElephantsD. A Long Scientific Debate about ElephantsPart Ⅳ Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.A person searches various websites for different reasons, such as school, work, or entertainment. For teenagers, many informative resources on the Internet can be used. As a matter of fact, there are educational, music and art websites that are truly helpful to teenagers, because they can help make one’s l ife easier.Educational websites are helpful to a teenager in doing school work and searching for a college. Some can help studying for tests, explaining a lesson, and doing homework. Some can help find the right schools based on one’s interests. And still others have pages devoted to the social life at each of the colleges or the specific activities that occur at a certain school.Some free music sites enable a teenager to diversify their musical tastes. On these sites, all types of music are available such as pop, rock, jazz, and country. One can type in a song, category or artist and his or her entire catalog appears. Then, the listener can make multiple playlists without creating an account (账户) with the site.There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. On these sites, a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different mediums or create an account with the website to upload their art pieces for people to see. In addition, one can enjoy various art projects that people have created on display for the rest of the world.Truly informative resources are offered on the Internet. The best suggestion one can receive is to try to look for new websites that can help in the educational, music, or art area, so one can become well-rounded and informed.Truly Helpful Websites for TeenagersMany 71 are available on various websitesI. Educational sites:helping one72 and search for a college●Study for tests, explain a lesson, and do homework●Find the right school that one 73●Learn information about college social life and 74II. Free music sites:75 to diversify musical tastes●Listen to all types of music●Type in a song, category, or artist to get an entire catalog●Make multiple playlists 76III.77 :helping one appreciate and create works●View photos and works from mediums●78 for others to see●79 on displayHelpful websites can make teenagers 80Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage; answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.My First Long RunTwo weeks ago, I had a quarrel with my husband. After he had driven off in anger, I realized that I wasn’t going to feel any better just sitting there. Feeling abandoned and guilty, I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.Our driveway has a slope (斜坡) that is easier just to jog down if you are lazy, taking advantage of gravity. Instead of stopping at the end of the slope, I decided to see if I could just jog to the end of the street. I had tried a few months ago and failed miserably. Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter, but still very lazy. However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease and I figured I would go a little further.After about one kilometer, however, I noticed that my upper body was tense. To make the movement easier I had to relax my body, and tried to take deep breaths of fresh air.I kept giving myself the excuse to stop. No one would be disappointed. No one would even know. But I didn’t stop. I wanted to keep going harder, better, faster, stronger. To my great surprise, I ran 4.9 km in 31 minutes. When I got back, I had tears in my eyes. I did something I thought I could never do.It was the first long run of my life. Since then, I have improved my stride (步幅) and time. After every run I feel fitter, happier and motivated to keep progressing. I love the runner’s high. I normally jog because I want to lookgood. I want to run because it makes me feel good.81. Why did the author feel guilty? (No more than 9 words) (2 marks)________________________________________________________________________ 82.What did the author fail to do miserably a few months ago? (No more than 11 words)(2 marks)________________________________________________________________________ 83. What excuses did the author keep giving herself to stop? (No more than 9 words) (3 marks)________________________________________________________________________ 84.How is running different from jogging to the author? (No more than 14 words) (3 marks)________________________________________________________________________ Section C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：1. 简要描述下图内容，并点名主题；2. 联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示注意：1.词数不少于120个；2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22.5 marks)1-5 CBCAB 6-10 CBACA 11-15 ABBACSection B (7.5 marks)16. by a river 17. Size 18. pretty 19. Reasons 20. 2 weeks Part II Language KnowledgeSection A21-25 CBCDC 26-30 ABACD 31-35 ABADBSection B36-40 ADBCC 41-45 ADBBA 46-47 DCSection C48. an 冠词49. two 数词 (语篇)50. next或following 51. why52. One 53. but54. I (句中作主语、代词) 55. to (短语搭配)Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)56-60 BADBC 61-65 BAADC 66-70 DCAACPart IV WritingSection A71. informative resources 72. do school work73. is interested in 74. specific school activities75. enabling one 76. without an account77. Art sites 78. Upload art pieces79. Enjoy art projects 80. well-rounded and informedSection B (10 marks)81. She had a quarrel with her husband.82. She failed to jog to the end of the street.83. No one would be disappointed or even know.84. Running makes her feel good while jogging makes her look good. Section C (25 marks)A drop of water is only a drop of water, but when a great many drops of water join together a river will come into being. And when rivers come together they will form a sea.As is in the same way, a tree is only a tree, many trees, however, will become a wood. And when several woods lie one by one, they will be called a forest. As is known to everyone, a forest is a home for all kinds of animals and plants.From the above, we can understand that one person cannot do many things. But when many people come together, they can form a society. In a society, people are related to one another, help one another. In this way, we can make a harmonious society in which we can live a happy life.。

2011年普通高等等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷）英语Section (15marks)Directions For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A B C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence exampleThe wild flowers looked like a son blanket ______ the desertA coveringB coveredC coverD to coverThe answer is A21. The ability _____an idea as important as the idea itselfA expressingB expressedC to expressD to cover22. The ability ______an idea is as important as the idea itself.A expressingB expressedC to expressD to cover23. The players ______from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A selectingB to selectC selectedD having selected24. I know that _____ would over discourage him he would never give up to be a directorA somethingB anythingC everythingD nothing25. Julia was good at German French and Russian all of ____ she spoke fluentlyA whoB whomC whichD that26. One third the country ______ covered with trees and the of rest _____ citizensA is; areB is; isC are; areD are; is27. In 1942 Columbus_______ on the of the Bahamas islands bur he mistook it forA landsB landedC has landedD had landed28. No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A canB needC mustD might29. Do you make up every morning __________ energetic and ready day?A feelB to feelC feelingD fell30. It is the most instructive lecture that ________since I carne to thisA attendedB had attendedC am attendingD have attended31 Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______the problem itself isA whatB thatC whichD why32 Only after they and discussed the matter for _______a decisionA they reachedB did they reachC they reachD do they reach33 J ack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him ____ he had done everything very clever.A as ifB in caseC whileD thought34 In the near future, more advances the robot technology ______ by scientistsA are makingB in madeC will makeD will be make35 It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives but what we do consistentlyA whichB thatC howD whenSection B (18marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. fill in each blank, with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the years, mostly because people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “hello,” After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to 36 the way I was doing things.My 37 came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl who 38 her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way. However, when I had to 39 because I stupidly forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself. No one had stopped to 40 her.“OK” I thought to myself,”this is where I should have changed.”My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man 41 by himself waiting for the library to open ,so I sat down next to him and began a 42 .It was difficult to get started ,and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every 43 from my new friend had a tone (语气)of doubt in it. And who could blame him?People aren’t used to making an 44 chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how 45 itis needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. I 46 you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little brighter, Together, we can really make come 47 as a whole.36. A. change B. explain C. learn D. how37. A. trouble B. doubt C. wish D. opportunity38. A. took B. dropped C. got D. pulled39. A. come out B. stand by C. go back D. turn up40. A. please B. greet C. help D. praise41. A. sitting B. walking C. riding D. running42. A. discussion B. lesson C. report D. conversation43. A. joke B. response C.cry D. story44. A. unchangeable B. unprepared C. unforgettable D. unfinished45. A. desperately B. frequently C. simply D. widely46. A. allow B. warn C. order D. advise47. A. tater B. straighter C. closer D. slowerSection C （12 marks）Directions：Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Does going to college really pay off？Certainly！I remember taking __48__ English class in college on the short story. Our frist assignment was to read __49__ short stones and then discuss which one was better. After reading both，I wasn’t sure. Over the __50__ several months, my professor taught me __51__ one story was so much better than the other wan humorous __52__ was rich in metaphor（隐喻）and character development, while the other was humorous __53__ too shallow. I couldn’t see this at first. Yet, in a few months, my brain got reeducated an __54__ could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads __55__ greater success in one’s life.Pare III Reading Comprehension (30marks)Directions：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.AWhen first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob（烤肉串）hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming.Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customer especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking.A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, an reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled with food.The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10,so not only is it affordable but practical as well.The food, especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill （烤肉架）.The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different style of grilled meat.One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grilled chicken pieces served with cither rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, kabob consisting of grilled beef.Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a place that should not be overlooked.56. When first entering the restaurant, one can find that it________________.A. is splendidly decoratedB. has pleasant smells of kabobsC. is crowded with dining tablesD. looks like a common restaurant57. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?A. Watching news events on TV.B. Drinking a kind of black coffee.C. Reading local English newspapers.D. Discussing would topics in low voices.58. The food of the restaurant _______________.A. is served in small amountsB. is rather expensiveC. is rich in varietyD. is very healthy59. What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of?A. RiceB. ChickenC. BreadD. Beef60. It can be inferred from the passage that the restaurant ______________.A. occupies a large spaceB. owns a favorable locationC. is popular for its special foodD. has a quiet environment insideBMy father was Chief engineer of a merchant ship, which was sunk in World War II, The book Night of the U-boats told the story.MemoriesIn September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father’s ship was getting ready to sail. We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him sale.Then I remember my mother lying face down, sobbing. She had heard from a friend that theship had been sunk by a torpedo(鱼雷).I can remember the arrival of the telegram(电报),Which in those days always brought had new. My grandmother opened it. It read, “Safe. Love Ted.”My most vivid memory Is being woken and brought down to sit o my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage.He was judged unfit to return to ea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes. Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.Ten years later I read Night of the U-bouts and was able to complete the story.TorpedoOne torpedo struck the ship. Father was in the engine room, where the third engineer was killed. He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be abandoned.By the time he got on deck(甲板) he was alone. Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck fast. When he tried to cut it free it swung against the ship, injuring his hand and arm. He had no choice but to jump—still with the photograph in his pocket.Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph.In my room is the book and the photograph. Often, glass in head, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion, a sinking ship, a jump into a vast ocean rind a wait for rescue? Lest（以免）we forget, I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war.61. We can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea______.A. to meet a friendB. to see the father offC. to take a family photoD. to enjoy the sailing of the ship62. What did the author learn about the father from the telegram?A. He was still alive.B. His knee was broken.C. His ship had been sunk.D. He had arrived in Glasgow.63. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s______.A. weak heartB. taking a shore jobC. failure to return to seaD. Injury caused by a torpedo64. What can we know about the author’s father after his ship was attacked?A. He lost his armB. He repaired the engines.C. He managed to take a lifeboat.D. He was the last to leave the ship.65. What is the massage mainly about?A.A group of forgotten heroesB. A book describing a terrifying battle.C. A ship engineer’s wartime experience.D. A merchant’s memories of a sea rescue.CA recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的)speciesThe discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants- the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences(序列)from two fossils(化石)，mammoths and mastodons the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants they found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants have been distinct species for several million years the divergence of the two species took place around the time of the of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths this result amazed all the scientistsThere has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest were two populations of the same species despite the elephants’ significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5metres the savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants at two different units for conservation purposes since 1950 all African elephants are two very distinctive animals the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先)for conservation purpose.”66. One of the fossils studied by the researchers if that of ____________A the Asian elephantB the forest elephantC the savanna elephantD the mastodon elephant67. The underlined word “divergence” in paragraph 4means “____________ ”A evolutionB exhibitionC separationD examination68. The researchers’ conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s ____________A DNAB heightC weightD populationPart Ⅳ Writ ing(45marks)Section A (10marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THRER WORDS for each answer.A person searches various websites for different reasons, such as school, work, or entertainment. For teenagers, many informative resources on the Internet can be used. As a matter of fact, there are educational, music and art websites that are truly helpful to teenagers, because they can help make one’s life easier.Educational websites are helpful to a teenager in doing school work and searching for a college. Some can help studying for tests, explaining a lesson, and doing homework. Some can help find the right schools based on one’s interests. And still others have pages devoted to the social life at each of the colleges or the specific activities that occur at a certain school.Some free music sites enable a teenager to diversify their musical tastes. On these sites, all types of music are available such as pop, cock, jazz, and country. One can type in a song, category or artist and his or her entire catalog appears. Then, the listener can make multiple playlists without creating an account(账户)with the site.There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. On these sites, a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different mediums or create an account with the website to upload than art pieces for people to see. In addition, one can enjoy various art projects that people have created on display for the rest of the world.Truly informative resources are offered on the Internet, The best suggestion one car receive is to try to look for new websites that can help in the educational, music, or art area so one can become well-rounded and informedTruly Helpful Websites for TeenagersMany 71 are available on various websitescational sites: helping one 72 and search for a college●Study for tests, explain a lesson, and do homework●Find the right school that one 73●Learn information about college school life and 74Ⅱ. Free music sites: 75 to diversify musical tastes●Listen to all types of music●Type in a song, category, or artist to get an entire catalog●Make multiple playlists 76Ⅲ. 77 : helping one appreciate and create works●View photos and works from mediums●78 for others to see●79 on displayHelpful websites can make teenagers 80Section B(10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.My First Long KunTwo weeks ago, I had a quarrel with my husband. After he had driven off in anger, I realized that wasn’t going to feel any better just sitting there. F eeling abandoned and guilty, I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.Our driveway has a slope(斜坡) that is easier just to jig down if you are lazy, taking advantage of gravity. Instead of stopping at the end of the slope, I decided t see if I could just jog to the end of the street. I had tried a few months ago and failed miserably. Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter, but still very lazy. However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease and I figured I would go a little further.After about one kilometer, however, I noticed that my upper body was tense. To make the movement easier I had to relax my body, and tried to take deep breaths of air.I kept giving myself the excuse to stop. No one would be disappointed. No one would even know. But I didn’t stop. I wanted to stop going harder, better, faster, stronger. To my great surprise, I can 4.9 km in 31 minutes. When I got back, I had tears in my eyes. I did something I thought I could never do.It was the tong run of my life. Since I have improved my stride (步幅) and time. After every run, I feel fitter, happier and motivated to keep progressing. I love the runner’s high, I normally jog because I want look good. I want to run because it makes me feel good.81. Why did the author feet guilty?(No more than 9 words)82. What did the author fait to do miserably few months ago?(no more than 11 words)83. What excuses did the author keep giving herself to stop?(no more than 9 words )84. How is running different from jogging t the author?(no more than 14 words)Section C (25 marks)Directions: write on English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：1.简要描述下图内容，并点名主题；2.联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示注意：1.词数不少于120个；3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称2011年普通高等学校抬生全国统一考试（湖南卷）英语解析Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension1—5 CBCAB 6—10 CBACA 11—15 ABBAC16. by a river 17. Size 18. Pretty 19. Reasons 20. 2 weeksPart Ⅱ Language KnowledgeSection A21. 解析：句意：表达观点的能力和观点本身同等重要。

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试湖南卷英语(听力见后面)Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15marks)Diretions For each of the following ynfinsihed sentences there are four choices marked A B CAnd D C choose the one that best completes the sentenceExamaleThe wild fowers looked like a son blanket ______ the desertA ervcringB covered Cover D to coverThe answer is A21．The ability _____an idea as important as the idea itselfA. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to cover22．— Joan, what ______ in your hand?—Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.A. had you heldB. are you holdingC. do you holdD. will you hold [来源:学+科+网] 23．The players ______from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .A .selecting B. to selece C. selectrd D. having selectcd24．I know that _____ would over discourage hin he would necer give up to be a directorA. somethingB. anythingC. overythin gD.nothing25．Julic was good at german French and Russian, all of ____ she spoke flurntlyA. whoB. whomC. whichD. that26．One-third the contry ______ covered with trees and the of zhe citizensA. is areB. is isC. are areD. are is27．In 1942, Columbus_______ on the of the Bahama Ialands but he mistook it for an island off India.A. landsB. landedC. has landedD.had landed28．—No one________ be compored with yao ming in playing baskctball— Oh, you are really his big fan.A. canB. needC. mustD.might29．Do you make up every morning __________ energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feelB. to feelC. fellingD. felt30．It is the most instructive lecture that I ________since I came to this school.A. attendedB. had attendedC. am attendingD.have attended31．Before a problem can be solved, it be obvious ______the promlen itself isA.whatB. thatC. whichD. why32．Only after they hnd discussed the matter for several hours_______a decisionA. they reachedB. did they reachC. they reachD. do they reach33．Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the tea cher smiled at hin ____ he had done something very eleverA. as ifB. in caseC. whileD. thought [来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]34．In the near future more advances in the robot tecnology ______ by scentistsA. are makingB. in madeC. will makeD. will be make35 It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives but what we do consistentlyA .which B. that C. how D. whenSection B(18marks)Directlons:For each blank in the following passage there are four wordes or phrases marked A,B,Cand D.fill in each blank,with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People in communities have slowly been pushcd apart through the years,mostly because people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “hello,”After considering this phenomenon,I decided I was going to 36 the way I was doing things.My 37 came one morning when I was in the commity library.I passed by a girl who 38 her books out of her locker .Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way I loweverm when I had to 39 because I stupidly forgot my book,I noticed she had just finished packing them up by hersclf he one had stopped to 40 her.“OK” I thought to myself,”this is where I should have changed.”My best opportunity came a few days later whcn I saw a man 41 by himself waiting for the library to open ,so I sat down next to him and began a 42 .It was difficult to get started ,and even when I had to say goodbye,almost every 43 from my new fricnd had a tone (语气)of doubt in it ,And who could blame him?People aren’t used to making an 44 chat with a stranger. But a changc, no matter how 45 it is。

2011年高考英语湖南卷（2011，湖南卷，例）The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket______the desert.A. coveringB. coveredC. coverD. to cover译文：这种野花看起来像一个柔软的橘黄色毯子一样覆盖在沙漠上。

解题思路和模式：由题干和选项可知，此题考查动词cover不同形式用法的知识。

分析句子成分，主语是The wild flowers，系动词是looked，表语是like orange blanket，the desert 作blanket的后置定语，要使用非谓语动词形式，选项C是谓语动词形式要首先排除。

非谓语动词表示正在发生的动作用V-ing式。

由此分析，正确选项只能是A。

选项B是过去分词，表示过去或被动发生的动作；选项D是不定式，表示将来发生的动作，均不符合题意。

（2011，湖南卷，21）The ability____ an idea is as important as the idea itself.A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed译文：表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要解题思路和模式：由题干和选项可知，此题考查动词express不同形式用法的知识。

句子主语是The ability ，____ an idea 意思是“表达观点”，显然要作主语的定语，表示“表达观点的能力”，此为非谓语动词作定语。

ability后常用不定式作定语，指“做某事的能力”。

由此分析，正确选项只能是C。

（2011，湖南卷，22）-----Joan, what______in your hand?-----Look！It's a birthday gift for my grandma.A. had you heldB. are you holdingC. do you holdD. will you hold译文：-----琼, 你手里拿着什么？-----看！这是给我奶奶的生日礼物。

《中诊》复习题一．名词解释（每小题2分）脉象八纲辨证气滞证八纲表证六经四诊合参热证斜飞脉反关脉真热假寒血虚证主诉潮热郑声真实假虚心气虚证主色固定痛真寒假热一．填空（每空0.5分）1．奠定中医诊断学理论基础的最早著作是______。

2．坐而仰首，胸满气急者，多属______。

3.神的含义,广义是指________________________ ；狭义是指_____________。

4.囱门凸起多见于_____证。

5.瞳仁散大多属_____,瞳仁缩小多属____。

6,正常唇色是____,唇色深红为____,樱桃红者常见于____。

7.咽红肿而痛,甚则溃烂或有脓点,此称_____,多因________所致。

8.迟脉脉象_________,主病________。

9.数脉脉象_________,主病________。

10.呕吐、嗳气、呃逆的病机为_________。

11.面色黑而肌肤甲错,主_________。

12.先天性舌裂的特征是______。

13.齿痕舌的形成原因主要有______。

14.泄泻是指______的病症。

15.嗜唾是指精神困乏，______的病症。

16.新病音哑或失音属_______证,多为______________ 。

17.久病音哑或失音属_____,多为__________。

18.恶寒重，发热轻，主_______证；发热重而恶寒轻，主_______证。

19.阳明潮热，以_______热甚；阴虚潮热，以_______有低热。

20.紧脉的主病是_______、_______、宿食。

21.气随血脱证以大出血和_______为辨证要点；气不摄血证以出血和_______为辨证要点。

22.心阳虚脱证是在_______证的基础上进一步发展，出现_______证候。

23.肺病的虚证有_______证和_______证。

24.血瘀证以_______、_______、出血和瘀血色脉征为辩证要点。

25.我国现存最早的脉学专著是______。

2011年全国高考英语试题湖南卷Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.Example:The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ________ the desert.A. coveringB. coveredC. coverD. to coverThe answer is A.21. The ability ________ an idea is as important as the idea itself.A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed22. —Joan, what ________ in your hand?—Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.A. had you heldB. are you holdingC. do you holdD. will you hold23. The players ________ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A. selectingB. to selectC. selectedD. having selected24. I know that ________ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing25. Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ________ she spoke fluently.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that26. One-third of the country ________ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________ black people.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; areD. are; is27. In 1492, Columbus ________ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island of India.A. landsB. landedC. has landedD. had landed28. —No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. —Oh, you are really his big fan.A. canB. needC. mustD. might29. Do you wake up every morning ________ energetic and ready to start a new day.A. feelB. to feelC. feelingD. felt30. It is the most instructive lecture that I ________ since I came to this school.A. attendedB. had attendedC. are attendedD. have attended31. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ________ the problem itself is.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why32. Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours ________ a decision.A. they reachedB. did they reachC. they reachD. do they reach33. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the te acher smiled at him ________ he had done something very clever.A. as ifB. in caseC. whileD. though34. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ________ by scientists.A. are makingB. are madeC. will makeD. will be made35. It’s not what we do once in a while ________ shapes our lives, but we do consistently.A which B. that C. how D. whenSection B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the yea rs, mostly because people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “hello.” After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to ___36___ the way I was dong things.My ___37___ came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl who ___38___ her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way. However, when I had to ___39___ because I stupidly forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself. No one had stopped to ___40___ her.“OK, ” I thought to myself, “this is where I should have changed. ”My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man ___41___ by himself waiting for the library to open, so I sat down next to him and began a ___42___. It was difficult to get started, and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every ___43___ from my new friend had a tone（语气）of doubt in it. And who could blame him?People aren’t used to making an ___44___ chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how ___45___ it is needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes p eople like us to make it possible. I ___46___ you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little brighter. Together, we can really make society come ___47___ as a whole.36. A. change B. explain C. learn D. show37. A. trouble B. doubt C. wish D. opportunity38. A. took B. dropped C. got D. pulled39. A. come out B. stand by C. go back D. turn up40. A. please B. greet C. help D. praise41. A. sitting B. walking C. riding D. running42. A. discussion B. lesson C. report D. conversation43. A. joke B. response C. cry D. story44. A. unchangeable B. unprepared C. unforgettable D. unfinished45. A. desperately B. frequently C. simply D. widely46. A. allow B. warn C. order D. advise47. A. tarter B. straighter C. closer D. slowerSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Does going to college really pay off? Certainly!I remember taking ___48___ English class in college on the short story. Our first assignment was to read ___49___ short stories and then discuss which one was better. After reading both, I wasn't sure. Over the ___50___ several months, my professor taught me ___51___ one story was so much better than the other. ___52___ was rich in matador(隐喻）and character development, while the other was humorous ___53___ too shallow. I couldn't see this at first. Yet, in a few mouths, my brain got uneducated and ___54___ could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads ___55___ greater success in one's life.Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages., Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.AWhen first entered, Vanak Restaurant dose not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob(烤羊肉串）hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurant lack.The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming.Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customers especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastrn cooking.A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plate piled with food.The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well.The food especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill (烤肉架).The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different styles of grilled meat.One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grilled chicken pieces served with either rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, kabob consisting of grilled beef.Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a place that should not be overlooked.56. When first entering the restaurant, one can find that it ________.A. is splendidly decoratedB. has pleasant smells of kabobsC. is crowded with dining tablesD. looks like a common restaurant57. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?A. Watching news events on TV.B. Drinking a kind of black coffee.C. Reading local English newspapers.D. Discussing world topics in low voices.58. The food of the restaurant ________.A. is served in small amountsB. is rather expensiveC. is rich in varietyD. is very healthy59. What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of?A. Rice.B. ChickenC. BreadD. Beef60. It can be inferred from the passage that the restaurant ________.A. occupies a large spaceB. owns a favorable locationC. is popular for its special foodD. has a quiet environment insideBMy father was Chief Engineer of a merchant ship, which was sunk in World War Ⅱ. The book Night of the U-boats told the story.MemoriesIn September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father’s ship was getting ready to sail. We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe.Then I remember my mother lying face down, sobbing. She had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷).I can remember the arrival of the telegram (电报), which in those days always brought bad news. My grandmother opened it. It read, “Safe. Love Ted.”My most vivid memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage.He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes. Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.Ten years later I read Night of the U-boats and was able to complete the story.TorpedoOne torpedo struck the ship. Father was in the engine room, where the third engineer was killed. He shut down the engines to show the ship making it easier for it to be abandoned.By the time he got on deck(甲板) he was alone. Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck fast. When he tried, cut it free, it swung against the ship, injuring his hand. He had no choice but to jump—still with the photograph in his pocket.Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph.A ToastIn my room is the book and the photograph. Often, glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion, a sinking ship, a jump into a vast ocean and a wait for rescue? Lest(以免)we forget, I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war.61. We can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea________.A. to meet a friendB. to see the father offC. to take a family photoD. to enjoy the sailing of the ship62. What did the author learn about the father from the telegram?A. He was still aliveB. His knee was brokenC. His ship had been sunkD. He had arrived in Glasgow.63. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s________.A. weak heartB. taking a shore jobC. failure to return to seaD. injury caused by a torpedo64. What can we know about the author’s father after his ship was attached?A. He lost his arm.B. He repaired the engines.C. He managed to take a lifeboat.D. He was the last to leave the ship.65. What is the passage mainly about?A. A group of forgotten heroesB. A book describing a terrifyingC. A ship engineer’s wartime experienceD. A merchant’s memories of a sea rescueCA recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的) spokes.The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard. Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephant—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils（化石）, mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA form modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed analysis to prove that the Africa savanna elephant and Africa forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite th e elephants’ significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.A lfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conversation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority(优先) for conservation purposes. ”66. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant67. The underlined word “divergence” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.A. evolutionB. exhibitionC. separationD. examination68. The researchers’ conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s ________.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population69. What are Alfred Roca’s Words mainly about?A. The conservation of African elephants.B. The purpose of studying African elephants.C. The way to divide African elephants into two units.D. The reason for the distinction of African elephants.70. Which of the following can be the best tittle for the passage?A. Naturalists’ Beliefs about Elephants.B. Amazing Experiments about Elephants.C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants.D. A Long Scientific Debate about Elephants.Part IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.helprests.are Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in passage.My First Long RunTwo weeks ago, I had a quarrel with my husband. After he had driven off in anger, I realized that I wasn’t going to feel any better just sitting there. Feeling abandoned and guilty, I pu t on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.Our driveway has a slope(斜坡) that is easier just to down if you are lazy, taking advantage of gravity. Instead of stopping at the end of the slope, I decided to see if I could just jog to the end of the street. I had tried a few months ago and failed miserably. Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter, but still very lazy. However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease an d figured I would go a little further.After about one kilometer, however, I noticed that my upper body was tense. To make the movement easier I had to relax my body, and tried to make deep breaths of fresh air.I kept giving myself the excuse to stop. No one would be disappointed. No one would even know. But I didn’t stop. I wanted to keep going harder, better, faster, stronger, To my great surprise, I ran 4. 9 km in 31 minutes. When I got back, I had tears in my eyes. I did something I thought I could never do.It was the first long run of my life. Since then, I have improved my stride (步幅) and time. After every run I feel fitter, happier and motivated to keep progressing. I love the runners high. I normally jog because I want to look good. I want to run because it makes me feel good.81. Why did the author feel guilty?(No more than 9 words) (2 marks)________________________________________________________________________82. What did the author fail to do miserably a few months ago?(No more than 11 words) (2 marks)________________________________________________________________________83. What excuses did the author keep giving herself to stop?(No more than 9 words) (2 marks)________________________________________________________________________84. How is running different from jogging to the author?(No more than 14 words) (3 marks)________________________________________________________________________Section C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：1. 简要描述下图内容，并点名主题；2. 联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。

2011年高考英语湖南卷真题与参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.Y ou will hear each conversation TWICE.Example:When will the magazine probably arrive?A. Wednesday.B. Thursday.C. Friday. The answer is B.Conversation 11. Who used the car this morning?A. The son.B. The aunt.C. The mother.2. Where are the keys found?A. In the purse.B. In the pocket.C. In the drawer.Conversation 23. Which of the following is true about the man?A. He borrowed some money.B. He is caught in the traffic.C. He will meet his teacher.4. How is the man going home?A. By train.B. By bus.C. By tax i.Conversation 35. When was the party held?A. In the morning.B. In the afternoon.C. In the evening.6. Why didn’t the woman go to the party?A. She didn’t feel well.B. She didn’t have the time.C. She didn’t get an invitation.Conversation 47. What does the man want to buy?A. A camera.B. A mobile phone.C. A music player.8. Which of the following does the man choose?A. The PE310.B. The RT230.C. The FG1609. How much does the man pay?A. $300.B. $270.C. $100Conversation 510. What is the woman?A. A dress designer.B. A basketball player.C. A headmaster.11. What do we know about the man’s travel plan?A. He’s going by air.B. He’s leav ing for Paris.C. He’s arriving this afternoon.12. Who is going to pick up the man?A. The woman’s son.B. The woman’s brother.C. The woman herself.Conversation 613. What’s the man doing now?A. Looking for a job.B. Studying in a university.C. Teaching at a high school.14. What kind of movie does the man like best?A. Adventure.B. Comedy.C. Drama.15. Where are the speakers going first?A. The supermarket.B. The cinema.C. The café.Section B (7.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.ou will hear the short passage TWICE.YPart II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.Example:The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.A. coveringB. coveredC. coverD. to coverThe answer is A.21. The ability ______ an idea as important as the idea itself.A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed22. —Joan, what ______ in your hand?—Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.A. had you heldB. are you holdingC. do you holdD. will you hold23. The players ______from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A. selectingB. to selectC. selectedD. having selected24. I knew that ______ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be adirector.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing25. Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ______ she spoke fluently.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that26. One third of the country ______ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ______black people.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; areD. are; is27. In 1492 Columbus______ on one of the Bahamas Islands, but he mistook it for an island offIndia.A. landsB. landedC. has landedD. had landed28. —No one ______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.—Oh, you are really his big fan.A. canB. needC. mustD. might29. Do you wake up every morning ______ energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feelB. to feelC. feelingD. felt30. It is the most instructive lecture that I ______since I came to this school.A. attendedB. had attendedC. am attendingD. have attended31. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______the problem itself is.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why32. Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours ______ a decision.A. they reachedB. did they reachC. they reachD. do they reach33. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ______ he had done something veryclever.A. as ifB. in caseC. whileD. though34. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ______ by scientists.A. are makingB. are madeC. will makeD. will be make35 It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.A. whichB. thatC. howD. whenSection B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the years, mostly because people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “hello”. After considering this ph enomenon, Idecided I was going to 36 the way I was doing things.My 37 came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl who 38 her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way. However, when I had to 39 because I stupidly forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself. No one had stopped to 40 her.“OK,” I thought to myself, “this is where I should have changed.”My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man 41 by himself waiting for the library to open, so I sat down next to him and began a 42 . It was difficult to get started, and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every 43 from my new friend had a tone (语气) of doubt in it. And who could blame him?People aren’t used to making an 44 chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how 45 it is needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. I 46 you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little brighter. Together, we can really make society come 47 as a whole.36. A. change B. explain C. learn D. show37. A. trouble B. doubt C. wish D. opportunity38. A. took B. dropped C. got D. pulled39. A. come out B. stand by C. go back D. turn up40. A. please B. greet C. help D. praise41. A. sitting B. walking C. riding D. running42. A. discussion B. lesson C. report D. conversation43. A. joke B. response C. cry D. story44. A. unchangeable B. unprepared C. unforgettable D. unfinished45. A. desperately B. frequently C. simply D. widely46. A. allow B. warn C. order D. advise47. A. later B. straighter C. closer D. slowerSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Does going to college really pay off？Certainly！I remember taking 48 English class in college on the short story. Our first assignment was to read 49 short stories and then discuss which one was better. After reading both, I wasn’t sure. Over the 50 several months, my professor taught me 51 one story was so much better than the other. 52 was rich in metaphor (隐喻) and character development, while the other was humorous 53 too shallow. I couldn’t see this at first. Yet, in a few months, my brain got reeducated and 54 could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads 55 greater success in one’s life.Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.AWhen first entered, V anak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob (烤肉串) hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming.Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customers especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking.A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plate piled with food.The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well.The food especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill (烤肉架).The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different styles of grilled meat.One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grilled chicken pieces served with either rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, a kabob consisting of grilled beef.Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a place that should not be overlooked.56. When first entering the restaurant, one can find that it______.A. is splendidly decoratedB. has pleasant smells of kabobsC. is crowded with dining tablesD. looks like a common restaurant57. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?A. Watching news events on TV.B. Drinking a kind of black coffee.C. Reading local English newspapers.D. Discussing would topics in low voices.58. The food of the restaurant ______.A. is served in small amountsB. is rather expensiveC. is rich in varietyD. is very healthy59. What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of?A. RiceB. ChickenC. BreadD. Beef60. It can be inferred from the passage that the restaurant ______.A. occupies a large spaceB. owns a favorable locationC. is popular for its special foodD. has a quiet environment insideBMy father was Chief Engineer of a merchant ship, which was sunk in World War II, The book Night of the U-boats told the story.MemoriesIn September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father’s sh ip was getting ready to sail. We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe.Then I remember my mother lying face down, sobbing. She had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷).I can remember the arrival of the telegram (电报), which in those days always brought had news. My grandmother opened it. It read, “Safe. Love Ted.”My most vivid memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage.He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes. Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.Ten years later I read Night of the U-bouts and was able to complete the story.TorpedoOne torpedo struck the ship. Father was in the engine room, where the third engineer was killed. He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be abandoned.By the time he got on deck (甲板) he was alone. Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck fast. When he tried to cut it free, it swung against the ship, injuring his hand and arm. He had no choice but to jump—still with the photograph in his pocket.Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph.A ToastIn my room is the book and the photograph. Often, glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion, a sinking ship, a jump into a vast ocean and a wait for rescue? Lest (以免) we forget, I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war.61. We can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea______.A. to meet a friendB. to see the father offC. to take a family photoD. to enjoy the sailing of the ship62. What did the author learn about the father from the telegram?A. he was still alive.B. His knee was broken.C. His ship had been sunk.D. He had arrived in Glasgow.63. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s______.A. weak heartB. taking a shore jobC. failure to return to seaD. injury caused by a torpedo64. What can we know about the author’s father after his ship was attacked?A. He lost his armB. He repaired the engines.C. He managed to take a lifeboat.D. He was the last to leave the ship.65. What is the passage mainly about?A. A group of forgotten heroesB. A book describing a terrifying battle.C. A ship engineer’s wartime experience.D. A merchant’s memories of a sea rescue.CA recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的) species.The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石)，mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammothsThe scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants’ significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants at two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephantshould become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”66. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ______A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant67. The underlined word “divergence” in paragraph 4means “______ ”A. evolutionB. exhibitionC. separationD. examination68. The researchers’ conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s ______.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population69. What are Alfred Roca’s words mainly about?A. The conservation of African elephants.B. The purpose of studying African elephants.C. The way to divide African elephants into two units.D. The reason for the distinction of African elephants.70. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalists’ Beliefs about ElephantsB. Amazing Experiments about ElephantsC. An Unexpected Finding about ElephantsD. A Long Scientific Debate about ElephantsPart IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.A person searches various websites for different reasons, such as school, work, or entertainment. For teenagers, many informative resources on the Internet can be used. As a matter of fact, there are educational, music and art websites that are truly helpful to teenagers, because they can help make one’s life easier.Educational websites are helpful to a teenager in doing school work and searching for a college. Some can help studying for tests, explaining a lesson, and doing homework. Some can help find the right schools based on one’s interests. And still others have pages devoted to the social life at each of the colleges or the specific activities that occur at a certain school.Some free music sites enable a teenager to diversify their musical tastes. On these sites, all types of music are available such as pop, rock, jazz, and country. One can type in a song, category or artist and his or her entire catalog appears. Then, the listener can make multiple playlists without creating an account (账户) with the site.There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. On these sites, a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different mediums or create an account with the website to upload their art pieces for people to see. In addition, one can enjoy various art projects that people have created on display for the rest of the world.Truly informative resources are offered on the Internet. The best suggestion one can receive isto try to look for new websites that can help in the educational, music, or art area, so one can become well-rounded and informed.Truly Helpful Websites for TeenagersMany 71 are available on various websitesI. Educational sites: helping one 72 and search for a college●Study for tests, explain a lesson, and do homework●Find the right school that one 73●Learn information about college social life and 74II. Free music sites: 75 to diversify musical tastes●Listen to all types of music●Type in a song, category, or artist to get an entire catalog●Make multiple playlists 76III. 77 : helping one appreciate and create works●View photos and works from mediums●78 for others to see●79 on displayHelpful websites can make teenagers 80Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage; answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.My First Long RunTwo weeks ago, I had a quarrel with my husband. After he had driven off in anger, I realized that I wasn’t going to feel any better just sitting there. Feeling abandoned and guilty, I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.Our driveway has a slope (斜坡) that is easier just to jog down if you are lazy, taking advantage of gravity. Instead of stopping at the end of the slope, I decided to see if I could just jog to the end of the street. I had tried a few months ago and failed miserably. Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter, but still very lazy. However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease and I figured I would go a little further.After about one kilometer, however, I noticed that my upper body was tense. To make the movement easier I had to relax my body, and tried to take deep breaths of fresh air.I kept giving myself the excuse to stop. No one would be disappointed. No one would even know. But I didn’t stop. I wanted to keep going harde r, better, faster, stronger. To my great surprise, I ran 4.9 km in 31 minutes. When I got back, I had tears in my eyes. I did something I thought I could never do.It was the first long run of my life. Since then, I have improved my stride (步幅) and time. After every run I feel fitter, happier and motivated to keep progressing. I love the runner’s high. I normally jog because I want to look good. I want to run because it makes me feel good.81. Why did the author feel guilty?(No more than 9 words) (2 marks)________________________________________________________________________________ 82. What did the author fail to do miserably a few months ago?(No more than 11 words) (2 marks)________________________________________________________________________________ 83. What excuses did the author keep giving herself to stop?(No more than 9 words) (3 marks)________________________________________________________________________________ 84. How is running different from jogging to the author?(No more than 14 words) (3 marks)________________________________________________________________________________Section C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：1. 简要描述下图内容，并点名主题；2. 联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示注意：1.词数不少于120个；2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22.5 marks)1-5 CBCAB 6-10 CBACA 11-15 ABBACSection B (7.5 marks)16. by a river 17. Size 18. pretty 19. Reasons 20. 2 weeksPart II Language KnowledgeSection A21-25 CBCDC 26-30 ABACD 31-35 ABADB Section B36-40 ADBCC 41-45 ADBBA 46-47 DCSection C48. an 冠词49. two 数词(语篇)50. next或following 51. why52. One 53. but54. I (句中作主语、代词) 55. to (短语搭配)Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)56-60 BADBC 61-65 BAADC 66-70 DCAACPart IV WritingSection A71. informative resources 72. do school work73. is interested in 74. specific school activities 75. enabling one 76. without an account77. Art sites 78. Upload art pieces79. Enjoy art projects 80. well-rounded and informedSection B (10 marks)81. She had a quarrel with her husband.82. She failed to jog to the end of the street.83. No one would be disappointed or even know.84. Running makes her feel good while jogging makes her look good. Section C (25 marks)11 / 共11页。