高一英语下学期阅读理解（9篇）（上半学期）（三）一Dear Carol,I wear braces (牙箍) and I know I look just terrible in them. Is there anything I can do to improve my appearance until they come off?Connie N. Philadelphia, PADear Connie,Start by thinking about how good you are going to look when your braces come off. If you are negative about your appearance, people will pick that up right away about you. In the meantime there are several things that you can do to lift your spirits:Change your hairstyle. Be sure to get a good cut so that the shape of your hair will be flattering to your face and also good for your type of hair (fine, thick, straight, curly, etc.) Choose a hairstyle that draws attention away from your face. Hair pulled back into a pony-tail or into a ball on top or slightly off-center can be attractive and practical for this purpose.Keep skin clean. If you choose to wear makeup(化妆品), it should look natural. Blusher(腮红) and lip gloss(润唇膏) in light tones of peach or pink are best.Be well-groomed(打扮). Neatness really counts. People see a total look about you before they ever become aware of your braces. And first impressions are lasting ones!1. Why did Connie write to Carol?A. Because she really cared about her clothes.B. Because she cared much about her appearance.C. Because her teeth were not good.D. Because she didn‟t know how to make up.2. Carol‟s idea about one‟s a ppearance is that ______.A. change your hairstyle and you will look beautifulB. keep your skin clean and you will look goodC. neatness really countsD. if you yourself don‟t think you look smart, neither will people3. Carol tries to let Connie know that _______.A. the deepest impressions one leaves on others is the first onesB. spirits are important when we talk about one‟s appearanceC. there are some practical ways to draw people‟s attention away from where you don‟t feel goodD. all of the above4. The underlined word “count” means “______” in the last paragraph.A. say numbers in orderB. be of importanceC. not includeD. be accepted二It is reported that conservation(环保) groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Some groups believe wolves should be killed. Other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderness(荒野).For Killing WolvesIn Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport. However, laws were passed to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur. So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food. Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changesin the wilderness plant life. When the deer can‟t find enough food, they die.If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, their prey(猎物)will disappear some day. And the wolves will, too. So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology(生态).If we killed more wolves, we would save them and their prey from dying out. We‟d also save some farm animals.In another northern state, wolves attack cows and chickens for food. Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem. They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population.Against Killing WolvesIf you had lived long ago, you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf. According to most stories, hungry wolves often kill people for food. Even today, the stories of the “big bad wo l f'” will not disappear.But the fact is wolves are afraid of people, and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell. When wolves eat other animals, they usually kill the very young, or the sick and injured. The strongest survive. No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had lived. And that has always been a law of nature.Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves, we say it is nonsense! Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance. The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life.The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by people. Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs, the wolves can‟t always find enough food. So they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farm. Then there is danger. The “big bad wolf” has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next.1. According to the passage, some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCET that .A. there are too many wolvesB. they kill large numbers deerC. they attack cows and chickens for foodD. they destroy the wilderness plant life2. Some people are against killing wolves because .A. wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wildnessB. there is too small a wolf population in the wildernessC. there are too many deer in the wildernessD. wolves are afraid of people and never attack people3. According to those against killing wolves, when wolves eat other animals, .A. they never eat strong and healthy onesB. they always go against the law of natureC. they might help this kind of animals survive in natureD. they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness4. The last sentence" And everyone knows what happens next" implies that in such cases .A. farm animals will be in danger and have to be moved awayB. wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill themC. wolves will find enough food sources on farmsD. people will leave the areas where wolves can live三What to do next?It was a momentous question. I had gone out into the world to shift for myself. I had gaineda livelihood in various vocations, but no one was dazzled with my successes. I had once been a grocery clerk for one day, but had consumed so much sugar that I was fired. I had studies an entire week, and then given it up because it was tiresome. I had been a bookseller‟s check for a while, but the customers bothered me so much that I could not read with any comfort. I had been a private secretary, a silver miner and a silver mill operator, and amounted to less than nothing in each, and now ---What to do next?I have in to Higbie and tried mining once more. We climbed far up on the mountainside and went to work. Higbie descended into the shaft and worked with his pick till he had loosened up some rock and dirt, and then I went down with a shovel to throw it out. I made the toss, and landed the mess must on the edge of the shaft. It all came back on my head and down the back of my neck. I never said a word, but climbed out and walked home.I sat down in the cabin, and gave myself up to misery. In the past, I had amused myself with writing letters to the chief paper of the Territory, the Virginia Daily Territorial Enterprise, an d had always been surprised when they appeared in print. I had found a letter in the mail box as I came home from the hillside, and opened it. Eureka! It was an offer to me of twenty-five dollars a week to come up to Virginia and be city editor of the Enterprise. Twenty-five dollars a week was a fortune.I went up to Virginia and entered upon my new vocation. I asked the chief editor, Mr. Goodman, for some instructions, and he told me to go all over town and ask all sorts of people all sorts of questions, make notes of the information gained, and write them out for publication. It was the whole thing in a nutshell.I can never forget my first day‟s experience as a reporter. I wandered about town questioning everybody, boring everybody, and finding out that nobody knew anything. At the end of five hours, my notebook was still bare. I spoke to Mr. Goodman. He said, …Dan used to write good stories about the hay wagons when there was no news. Are there no hay wagons around? If there are, you might speak of the renewed activity in the hay business. It isn‟t sensational or exciting, but it fills up the newspaper and looks businesslike.‟I went out into the city again and found one wretched old hay truck dragging in from the country. Next I discovered a wagon train from the East and found that it had lately come through the hostile Indian country. The group was in rather rough shape.My two columns were filled. When I read them over in the morning, I felt that I had found my legitimate occupation at last. News was what a paper needed, and I felt that I had the ability to furnish it. Mr. Goodman said that I was a good a reporter as Dan. I desired no higher commendation.1. What d oes the author mean when he says, …I had gone out into the world to shift for myself‟?A. He wanted to travel to many places.B. He wanted to do things by himself.C. He liked moving things.D. He wanted to be successful.2. Why do you think the author gives himself to misery?A. He was fired from his job as a miner.B. He cannot find a job.C. He cannot find work that he enjoys doing.D. He does not like living in a cabin.3. Why does Mr. Goodman suggest writing about hay wagons?A. Because it will take up space in the newspaper.B. Because hay wagons are interesting.C. Because it is important business news.D. Because people need hay.4. What is the meaning of the underlined word …legitimate‟ in the passage?A. legalB. friendlyC. acceptableD. amusing四Vincent Van Gogh is probably the world‟s most famous painter. Many people wonder if he deserves such a reputation. Certainly, he was not a success in his lifetime. Although he produced more than 800 paintings, he sold only one, for about only US $80. No gallery showed his work during his life. Few people may have even heard of him. Hi s fame developed slowly after his death in 1890, but it has never stopped growing. One hundred years later, in 1990, a Japanese businessman paid US $82 million for one of his works --- a world record.He was born in the Netherlands in 1853. As a young man, he tried many different jobs. He worked in an art dealer‟s company, but he must have disliked it, because he left. He went to England and became a language teacher. Then, looking for a deeper purpo se in life, he worked as a missionary among the poor in Belgium, but he quarreled with his superiors and abandoned that career as well. Finally, he decided to become a painter.For the rest of his life, he depended on the financia l support of his brother Theo, the only person who believed in his ability. For ten years, from 1880 to 1890, Van Gogh produced his best paintings, until, sadly, he took his own life.It would be easy to say that he was mad. He had difficulty getting along with people, often arguing with them. After one quarrel, in late 1888, he was so upset that he cut off part of his own ear and gave it to a young girl. Later, from 1889 to 1890, he spent a year in a mental hospital. Yet, for most of his life, he was completely sane (精神正常的). We know this because he wrote hundreds of letters to Theo expressing his ideas and his work, and these letters show the clarity of his thinking.Does he deserve the fame he now possesses? Certainly. I admire his work tremendously. His paintings are realistic, not abstract. At the same time, they are not like photographs. The bright colors and thick strokes of his paintings make the strong feelings inside him visible. Even when his subjects are flowers, trees or the sky, his paintings are full of powerful, honest emotions, emotions which finally killed him.1. The writer suggests that V an Gogh‟s reputation ______ .A. was high soon after he diedB. grew steadily after his deathC. quickly developed through EuropeD. stopped growing until the 1980s2. Paragraph 3 implies that in 1890 many people _____ .A.did not agree with Theo‟s view about his brotherB. thought Van Gogh had already produced his best paintingsC. thought Van Gogh had great ability as a painterD. were sad when Van Gogh died suddenly3. The writer says that Van Gogh was sane for most of his life. We know this from ____ .A. his letters to his brotherB. a Japanese businessmanC. his religious employersD. his father五Alvin E. Roth, who graduated from Columbia Engineering in 1971 and is currently Professor of Economics and Business Administration at Harvard, was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize in Economics for his pioneering work in the practical design of market institutions. He shares the award with Lloyd S. Shapley, professor at UCLA, who also used game theory to better understand different matching methods.The Royal Swedish Academy, which announced the winners this morning, awarded the two researchers the prize for “an outstanding example of economic engineering,” and while they worked independently of one another, the “combination of Shapley‟s basic theory and Roth‟s empirical investigations, experiments, and practical design has generated a flourishing field of rese arch and improved the performance of many markets.” They will share the $1.2 million prize.“We are absolutely thrilled,” said Dean and Professor of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research (IEOR). “Columbia Engineering now has two graduates who h ave won the Nobel Prize in Economics, Robert C. Merton in 1997 and Alvin E. Roth in 2012, both from programs now housed in the IEOR Department! This is another highly visible confirmation of the great strengths at our school—superb students and professors.”Roth and his colleagues demonstrated that stability is the key to understanding the success of particular market institutions. Roth began studying the labor market for American doctors in the early 1980s, and was asked to direct its redesign in 1995. The Roth-Peranson (1999) algorithm is now used to organize a number of medical and health care markets. Roth‟s research has led to the redesign of such complex systems as assigning students to public schools in large urban cities and the matching of kidney and other human organs to patients in need of a transplant.After receiving his B.S. from the Engineering School in 1971, Roth moved to California to complete his master‟s and doctorate at Stanford University, both in operations research, in 1973 and 1974, respectively. He began his academic career as a professor after graduation and joined Harvard in 1998 and now is also a visiting professor of Economics at Stanford where he will join the faculty full-time in 2013. Roth has received numerous professional honors and awards in recognition of his research.Last week, Robert J. Lefkowitz, another Columbia alumnus who graduated in 1962 from the College and in 1966 from the Columbia‟s College of Physicians and Surgeons, was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. To date, 82 Columbians—including alumni, faculty, adjunct faculty, researchers, and administrators—have won a Nobel Prize at some point in their careers.1 Which one of the following choices shares the most similar meaning with the underlined word “empirical” in Para. 2?A. theoreticalB. logicalC. practicalD. cooperative2. Roth‟s research may NOT applicable to which of the following occupations?A. TeachersB. LawyersC. NursesD. Surgeons3. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Roth will earn $0.6 million prize from Sweden.B. Roth joined Harvard upon graduating from Stanford with his doctor degree.C. Roth is leaving Harvard for Stanford next year.D. Roth is the second Nobel Prize winner of Columbia Engineering.六Who decides how English is spoken around the world? Do teachers in the colleges and schools? What about those who write dictionaries or books? Do they decide what is good and what is bad English? Or do governments decide when a language will change? Probably you have thought about this question once or twice before. The answer is that none of these people decide how English will be spoken. Believe it or not, many of the biggest changes in how English is spoken have come from common people in the streets. And one of the most important places where English has changed is on the playground! These playground can be any place where youngpeople meet, such as a sports field or a beach. For example, black kids invented many new words in American English as they played basketball or music. Often words used by black kids in the big cities become popular with other kids many years later. Another popular sport, baseball, has also given many words and expressions to American English. On the beaches of southern California, teenagers invented words to describe how they felt when they surfed. These words found their way into the high schools and then to other places. Similar changes in English happened among young people in Ireland and Australia. Children from one group would find ways to play with children of another group more easily. Often they made new words just to develop an identity different from their parents.1. Who decides how English is spoken?A. GovernmentsB. TeachersC. Ordinary peopleD. Black kids2. According to the passage many English words come from ______.A. everyday lifeB. textbooksC. dictionariesD. baseballs3. Why do these kids invent new words?A. Because they want to make up a dictionary.B. Because they try to beat their teachers.C. Because they are asked to do so.D. Because they want to feel different from their parents七When you buy a T-shirt, or a fur coat in a store, it often carries a label(标签) telling who made it or from what store it was bought. Indeed, some labels show the dress is famous and it is very expensive, so buyers secretly wish they might be carried for ever. On the other hand, buyers who deal with the cheapest products(产品) would be pleased to do away with labels entirely. However, there is another label more important than the one showing from which store the dress was bought. When a person buys a fur coat, or a jacket, from a store, a label telling what the product is made of should be carried to it.This label is required by law. Besides telling what the product on show is made of, the label should be in clear English and be where one can find it easily. The information on the label must be the truth.The reason for this label is that most buyers today aren‟t expert enough to know exactly what kind of fur or material they are buying. The buyer must believe in the store that sells the products or in what the labels say.1. The law requires that furs carry a _______.A. clean labelB. clear labelC. white labelD. secret label2. This article mainly refers to _______.A. making furs and clothesB. protecting buyers with lawC. keeping the buyer informedD. businessmen and sellers3. In the article, the author says a little about _______.A. black — market fursB. managers‟ officeC. chemical laboratoriesD. clothing stores八OUR PROMISEMaking your stay a complete success is our goal. Just let our manager on duty of front-desk staff know if any part of your stay isn‟t satisfactory. We promise to make it right or you won‟t pay for that part of your stay.FORGET SOMETHING?If you forget to pack any standard toiletry item(tooth brush, toothpaste, shaving cream, razoror comb), just call the front-desk and we‟ll get you a free replacement（替代）right away. PLEASE REUSE THE TOWELSWe invite you to join with us to save water by using your towels(毛巾)more than once.In addition to decreasing water and energy waste, you can help us reduce the amount of waste water that must be recycled within our community.Please hang the towels up if you wish to take part in the program——if not, simply leave them on the floor.We appreciate your help!PLEASE CHANGE THE SHEETS TODAYThe Project Planet Program is an effort of this hotel to protect the environment through saving water and decreasing waste water. If you are staying with us more than one night, as part of the Project Planet Program, we will wash your sheets every three days.If you would prefer not to take part in this program, simply hang this card on the outside of your door and sheets will be changed right away. As always sheets are automatically changed after every guest checks out.We appreciate your help!1. We can find this passage in a in a hotel.A. café barB. front-deskC. fitness centerD. guest-room2. If you forget your comb, you can .A. buy one in the hotel shopB. replace one with a tooth brushC. ask for one from the service centerD. go in person and get one at the front desk3.Leaving the towels on the floor means .A. you want to take part in the programB. you want the room-maid to hang it upC. you need them collected and washedD. you want to use them more than once4. What is the Project Planet Programs trying to do?A. Make your bed sheets cleanerB. Work for a better environmentC. Help guests checking out faster.D. Persuade guests to stay longer.九When Jackie Robinson walked onto Ebbets Field in Brooklyn, New York, on April 15, 1947, he changed baseball forever. As the first African American to play in the Major League in modern times, many believe he changed the country forever.Robinson was born in 1919. He lived in a time when rules controlled what African Americans could do. He was a top athlete, playing football, basketball and baseball. But playing for a major League team was off limits to Robinson because of his race.Branch Rickey, president and manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, signed (和……签约) Robinson in 1947. He believed that Robinson not only had the skills, but the courage to face the challenge of becoming modern baseball‟s first black player.It wasn‟t easy. Robinson sometimes faced boos (嘘声) from fans. But he became a star, anyway. In 1962, he became the first African-American player chosen to enter the Baseball Hall of Fame. In 2005, he was awarded a Congressional Gold Medal, the highest award Congress can give to an American.By breaking baseball‟s color barrier (肤色障碍), Robinson opened the door for many to follow his footsteps, not only in baseball, but in other areas of life as well. After he stopped playing the game, Robinson worked as a manager for a coffee company. He wrote a newspaper column (专栏).He also started a bank.1. Before Jackie Robinson, no African-American players could ______.A. play baseballB. play in the Major LeagueC. play football and basketballD. watch Major League games2. According to Branch Rickey, Jackie Robinson was ______.A. poor but cleverB. unlucky but confidentC. proud and strongD. brave and skilled3. We can know that Jackie Robinson‟s story ______.A. changed many Africans‟ ideasB. had an effect on many black people‟s livesC. encouraged black people to fight with whitesD. started a hot discussion about the color barrier4 . Which of the following is NOT what he once did?A. a newspaper column writerB. a bankerC. a university teacherD. a manager in a company一1-4 BDDB 二1-4. DAC B 三1-4 BCDC 四1-3 ACB 五1-3 DCC六1-3 CAD 七1-3 BCD 八1-4 DCCB 九1-4 BDBC。
