蓝莓中花青素提取及检测技术的研究进展
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蓝莓中提取花青素北京科技大学生物技术0902 刘炎峻摘要:蓝莓是杜鹃花科越桔属植物,在我国有丰富的蓝莓资源,蓝莓果中含有丰富的营养成分,特别是花青素。
花青素又称花色素,是一类广泛存在于植物中的水溶性天然色素,属黄酮类化合物,由于花色素不稳定,在植物中主要以花色苷存在。
本文介绍了花色苷的提取方法,溶剂萃取法、超临界流体萃取法、超声波辅助提取法和酶法等,及分离纯化的方法,吸附解析法、膜分离法、酶法等,并对各个方法进行了介绍与分析,并对国内外蓝莓花青素市场提出了看法。
关键词:蓝莓花青素花色苷提取Abstract: blueberry is the Ericaceae genus plants, in my state-owned and rich blueberries blueberry fruit resources, rich in nutrients, particularly anthocyanins. Anthocyanins and flower pigments, is a kind of widely exists in plants of water-soluble natural pigment, belongs to a kind of flavonoids, due to instability in plants flower pigments, mainly in the presence of anthocyanins. This paper introduces the method of extracting anthocyanins from, solvent extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, ultrasonic assisted extraction method and enzyme method, separation and purification method, adsorption and analytic method, membrane separation method, enzyme method, and the various methods were introduced and analysis,and puts forward the view of blueberry anthocyanins to domestic and international market.Key words: blueberry anthocyanins anthocyanins extraction1 蓝莓与花青素1.1 蓝莓蓝莓(Blueberry),又名越桔、蓝浆果、红豆果等,为杜鹃花科越桔属植物,呈灌木。
酶-超声法提取蓝莓花青素吴丹阳;钱方;牟光庆【摘要】用酶-超声波辅助法提取蓝莓花青素,得到最优提取条件为蓝莓粉与水按质量比1∶40混合,体系pH 1.0,超声功率200 W,纤维素酶用量3.0 mg/g,温度45 ℃,反应时间20 min.比较了AB-8、H103、D001×7和D201×1 4种大孔树脂和乙醇、丙酮和乙酸乙酯3种洗脱液对蓝莓花青素的吸附与解吸效果.结果表明,AB-8型大孔树脂的分离效果最好,在pH 3.0、30 ℃条件下吸附180 min,70%乙醇解吸90 min,蓝莓花青素色价由12.7提高到67.8,提高了5.3倍.%Enzyme-ultrasonic assisted extraction method was used to extract blueberry anthocyanins.The optimum extraction conditions were as follow: the mass ratio of blueberry powder and water of 1∶40, system pH 1.0, ultrasonic power 200 W, cellulase enzyme dosage 3.0 mg/g, temperature 45 ℃, reaction time 20 min.The effect of four macroporous resins of AB-8、H103、D001×7、D201×1 on blueberry anthocyanins adsorption and three eluents of ethanol, acetone, acetic ester on the blueberry anthocyanins desorption were compared respectively.The results showed that the best macroporous resin for purifying blueberry anthocyanins was AB-8, and its optimal separation condition was pH 3.0 adsorbed at 30 ℃ for 180 min and then 70% ethanol desorbed for 90 min.The color value of blueberry anthocyanin increased from 12.7 to 67.8, and the extraction times increased of 5.3.【期刊名称】《大连工业大学学报》【年(卷),期】2017(036)004【总页数】5页(P260-264)【关键词】蓝莓;花青素;酶-超声法【作者】吴丹阳;钱方;牟光庆【作者单位】大连工业大学食品学院, 辽宁大连 116034;大连工业大学食品学院, 辽宁大连 116034;大连工业大学食品学院, 辽宁大连 116034【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TS202.3蓝莓花青素属类黄酮类物质,主要集中在果皮中,质量分数1.00~6.98 mg/g,因蓝莓品种不同而存在差异[1]。
1 蓝莓花青素的概述由于花色素多以苷的形式存在,故又称花色苷。
蓝莓花色苷被称为天然抗氧化剂,其抗氧化性是一般色素的30倍,现已作为是抗衰老保健品。
蓝莓花色苷是一种天然色素,可调配蓝、蓝紫、紫、绛紫、玫瑰红粉红等一系列鲜艳悦目的颜色。
从pH 值为3时呈覆盆子红到pH 值为5时呈深蓝莓红,pH 在8.5左右时呈紫色,pH 为11则显蓝色。
由于酸碱性不同,可能会促使其分子结构产生可逆变化[1]。
2 冷浸法的提取实验分别称取不等量的蓝莓样品,磨浆,用量筒加入一定体积不同浓度的乙醇溶液,调节pH 值,均质后室温放置12 h,用滤纸过滤后取上清液,用紫外可见分光光度计(岛津国际贸易有限公司生产)测定吸光度值。
蓝莓花青素冷浸法的提取研究□ 陈婷婷 广东省惠州市质量计量监督检测所摘 要:蓝莓花青素是一种健康的天然色素,对人体起到保健作用,已得到社会的广大认可。
本文主要采用单因素试验,研究冷浸法提取蓝莓花青素,通过数据分析得出最佳提取条件。
关键词:蓝莓花青素;提取率;色素%100×=蓝莓果的质量提取的花青素质量花青素得率以式(1)花青素得率为评价指标,进行单因素(料液比10∶1、20∶1、30∶1、40∶1与50∶1、乙醇浓度0%、20%、40%、60%、80%与100%、pH2、3、4、5与6)试验,选出最优范围。
3 结果讨论3.1 料液比的影响在乙醇浓度60%,pH 3的条件下,0.00%2.00%4.00%6.00%8.00%10.00%12.00%10:120:130:140:150:1料液比提取率图1 料液比对花青素得率的影响30∶1、40∶1与50∶1,室温浸提12 h,过滤,测定吸光度值,结果如图1所示。
从图1中可以看出,料液比在∶1时,花青素得率较高,并在40∶1时得率达到10.62%。
当料液比大于40∶1后,花青素得率反而降低。
3.2 乙醇浓度的影响在料液比40∶1,pH 3的条件下,60%、80%与100%,室温浸提12 h,过滤,测定吸光度值,结果如图2所示。
中国果菜China Fruit &Vegetable第43卷,第11期2023年11月综合利用Comprehensive Utilization蓝莓中花青素的提取工艺研究李艳秋1,2,陈丹丹3,贾娟1,2(1.漯河职业技术学院食品学院,河南漯河462002;2.河南工业大学漯河工学院,河南漯河462002;3.河南豫蓝环保科技有限公司,河南郑州450001)摘要:为有效提取蓝莓中的花青素,本文以蓝莓为原料,采用溶剂提取法提取蓝莓中的花青素;用乙醇、柠檬酸混合溶液作为提取剂,通过单因素和正交试验优化提取工艺。
结果表明,蓝莓中花青素的最佳提取工艺参数为提取温度30℃,乙醇和柠檬酸的体积比3∶7,提取时间180min ,料液比1∶20(g/mL ),此时花青素的提取量为63.128μg/g ,此试验为蓝莓花青素的提取应用提供了依据。
关键词:蓝莓;花青素;溶剂提取法中图分类号:550.99文献标志码:A文章编号:1008-1038(2023)11-0020-05DOI:10.19590/ki.1008-1038.2023.11.005Study on Extraction Technology of Anthocyanins from BlueberryLI Yanqiu 1,2,CHEN Dandan 3,JIA Juan 1,2(1.Institute of Food,Luohe Vocational Technical College,Luohe 462002,China;2.Luohe Institute of Technology,Henan University of Technology,Luohe 462002,China;3.Henan Yulan Environmental ProtectionTechnology Co.,Ltd,Zhengzhou 450001,China)Abstract:In this paper,blueberry was used as raw material to extract anthocyanins by solvent,and the mixture ofethanol and citric acid was used as extractant.The extraction technology of anthocyanin from blueberry was optimized by single factor and orthogonal test.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows:extraction temperature 30℃,volume ratio of ethanol to citric acid 3∶7,extraction time 180min,solid-liquid ratio 1∶20(g/mL),the extraction yield of anthocyanin was 63.128μg/g,which provided a basis for the extraction and application of anthocyanin from blueberry.Keywords:Blueberry;anthocyanin;solvent extraction method收稿日期:2023-02-21基金项目:2022年度河南省高等学校重点科研项目(22B550013)第一作者简介:李艳秋(1981—),女,讲师,硕士,主要从事食品检测研究工作蓝莓(spp.)属于杜鹃花科越橘类,颗粒较小,外观类似于椭圆,果皮上有一层果霜,果肉软、嫩,酸甜适中,老人、小孩都可以食用,在水果中属于上品,有很高的营养价值,因而受到人们的欢迎[1]。