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专题17 应用文写作【考题分析】1.近年来，上海英语高考作文的体裁基本都是书信，而其中又以建议信居多（考过一次申请求助信）。
首先要注意邮件类文书的格式，尤其是开头和结尾，切勿因细节问题而丢分；2.围绕学生熟悉的校园活动or课外学习活动，话题含有正能量又很亲和，容易拓展发挥；给出提示的提纲，其实就是写作时的思路框架；3.考察学生对身边事物的见解；正文文体叙述与议论相结合，要求例举事实、陈述理由，做到有理有据。
【应对举措】近年高考作文的话题看似都是些记叙文，实则需要考生写成夹叙夹议的文章。
考生需要注重平时的积累，多看多写，充分汲取写作的灵感和素材，并牢记考场作文四大原则：结构要清晰(clear structure)，内容要简单(manageable content)，主题要明确(prominent theme)，语言要包装(powerful language)。
不建议考生在很短的时间内过度纠结于构思精彩的内容，一来可能来不及写，二来往往造成无法驾驭语言的尴尬局面。
【常用句型第一组】一、开头句型1.As far as …is concerned就……而言，比如：就我而言As far as I concerned2. It can be said with certainty that... +从句可以肯定地说……3.As the proverb says, 正如谚语所说的，可以用来引用名言名句4.It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到，……5.It's generally recognized that... 它普遍认为……6.It's likely that ...这可能是因为……7.It's hardly that...这是很难的……8. There's no denying the fact that……毫无疑问，无可否认9.Nothing is more important than the fact that……没有什么比这更重要的是…10.what's far more important is that……更重要的是……二、衔接句型1.A case in point is ...一个典型的例子是……2.However, 然而……3. But the problem is not so simple. Therefore，+句子( 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……)4.But it's a pity that...但遗憾的是… it’s a pity that….遗憾的是……5. In spite of the fact that...尽管事实……In spite of 尽管6.Further, we hold opinion that... 此外，我们坚持认为，……7.However , the difficulty lies in..+名词或者动名词.然而，困难在于…8.Similarly, we should pay attention to... 同样，我们要注意……9. As it has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的… (可以用来对前面所说的话进行补充说明)10.In this respect, 从这个角度上1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此，我们有理由相信……3.All things considered,总而言之= In a word=In conclusionIt may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说……4.Therefore, in my opinion,因此，在我看来，5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论…6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that...通过数据我们得到的结论是，…….7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来，如果……也许更好四、举例句型1. Here is one more example这里有不止一个的例子2.Take … for example.就拿……为例子五、引言句型1. Some people think that ... 有些人认为…To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下。
带学生刷过的上海高中英语教辅书摘要：1.上海高中英语教辅书概述2.推荐的教辅书籍及特点3.选择教辅书的原则4.提高英语学习效果的建议正文：带学生刷过的上海高中英语教辅书作为一门外语学科，英语的学习对于很多中国学生来说既充满挑战又充满乐趣。
在这篇文章中，我们将概述上海高中英语教辅书，推荐一些优秀的教辅书籍，并探讨如何选择合适的教辅书以及提高英语学习效果的方法。
一、上海高中英语教辅书概述在上海，高中英语教辅书种类繁多，涵盖了各个层次的学生需求。
这些教辅书不仅与教材同步，而且具有知识拓展和习题训练的特点。
为了更好地帮助学生提高英语成绩，我们将推荐几本优秀的教辅书。
二、推荐的教辅书籍及特点1.教材帮：这本书的优势在于知识点讲解详细，不罗嗦。
与课本内容完全同步，同时具有一定的知识拓展。
题量适中，难度由简单到难，适合各个层次的学生。
2.伴你成长：这本书以模块化设计，每个单元都有详细的讲解和练习。
注重培养学生的阅读理解能力和写作能力，适合想要提高综合英语能力的学生。
3.高考英语全解：针对上海高考英语试题，全面解析试题特点和答题技巧。
适合备战高考的学生，提高应试能力。
三、选择教辅书的原则1.同步性：选择与教材同步的教辅书，有助于巩固课堂所学知识。
2.知识点讲解：教辅书应详细讲解知识点，有助于学生更好地理解和掌握英语知识。
3.题型丰富：选择题型丰富的教辅书，可以提高学生的应试能力。
4.难度适中：教辅书的难度应适合学生的实际水平，既不能过于简单，也不能过于困难。
四、提高英语学习效果的建议1.制定学习计划：根据自身需求制定英语学习计划，合理安排学习时间。
2.坚持每天学习：养成每天学习英语的习惯，持之以恒地提高英语水平。
3.多样化学习方式：除了使用教辅书，还可以参加英语角、观看英语电影、参加线上英语学习等，丰富学习途径。
4.及时复习巩固：学完一个知识点后，及时进行复习和巩固，防止遗忘。
5.积极与他人互动：与同学、老师进行英语交流，提高口语和听力水平。
上海英语高考辅导书
上海英语高考的辅导书有很多，以下是一些建议：
1. 上海高中英语练习册：这是由上海教育出版社出版的练习册，分为多个年级，包括高一、高二、高三等。
练习册内容涵盖了高考英语的各个方面，包括听力、阅读、写作等，非常适合学生备考高考。
2. 上海高中英语语法书：这是一本专门针对高中英语语法的辅导书，详细讲解了高中英语语法知识，包括时态、语态、虚拟语气等。
对于想要提高英语语法水平的学生来说，这本书是非常好的选择。
3. 上海高中英语词汇手册：这是一本词汇手册，包含了高考英语要求的所有词汇，每个单词都有详细的解释和例句，有助于学生记忆和理解单词。
4. 上海高中英语阅读理解：这是一本专门针对高中英语阅读理解的辅导书，包含了各种类型的阅读理解题目，包括选择题、填空题等。
通过练习这些题目，学生可以提高阅读速度和准确度。
5. 上海高中英语听力：这是一本专门针对高中英语听力的辅导书，包含了各种类型的听力题目，包括对话、短文等。
通过练习这些题目，学生可以提高听力水平。
总的来说，以上这些辅导书都是非常适合学生备考上海英语高考的。
但需要注意的是，不同的学生情况不同，选择适合自己的辅导书才是最重要的。
考点19 概要写作技巧课前热身练 (1)核心考点梳理 (3)（一）概要写作常考体裁 (3)（二）写作步骤 (3)（三）如何概括主旨大意 (4)（四）如何用自己语言表达原文主旨 (6)当堂知识检测 (10)课后巩固提高 (16)课前热身练Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.Kangaroos can “talk” to usKangaroos can “talk” to people, according to a new study. The report is the first research of its kind to be done on marsupials—a type of creature whose young get carried in skin pockets on their mother’s body. It suggests kangaroos are cleverer than previously thought.Researchers from the University of Roehampton in the UK and the University of Sydney in Australia tested kangaroos at the Australian Reptile (爬行动物) Park, Wildlife Sydney Zoo and Kangaroo Protection Co-operative. The scientists put food in a box that the kangaroos could not open, and waited to see what the animals would do. Rather than giving up, 10 out of the 11 kangaroos actively looked at the person who had put the food in the box and then looked at the box. The researchers said this could be interpreted as the kangaroos requesting help to open the container.Dr Alexandra Green, a co-author of the study, told The Guardian newspaper that some of the kangaroos actually approached the person and started scratching (挠) and sniffing (嗅) him, then looked back at the box. “So they were really trying to communicate,” Green said. This behaviour is not uncommon in animals. However, it is usually only seen in domesticated animals, such as pets or farm animals. The lead author of the study, Dr Alan McElligott, explained, “Through this study, we were able to see that communication between creatures can be learnt and that the behaviour of looking at humans to access food is not related to domestication. “Indeed, kangaroos showed a very similar pattern of behaviour we have seen in dogs, horses and even goats, when put to the same test,” he added.It is hoped that the study will give people a more positive attitude towards kangaroos, which are sometimes seen as harmful creatures that damage farmers’ crops.____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________71．In a recent study, kangaroos have proved to be smarter than we thought—they have the ability to communicate with humans. Facing the inaccessible food in the tests, kangaroos which are similar to domesticated animals were found to turn to people using body language. The findings have refreshed the scientists’ understanding of kangaroos’ behaviour, probably improving our perception of them.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。
高考summary专题答题技巧详解【知识梳理】一. 定义概要写作是对原文的高度浓缩，是阅读者在不改变原文的中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下用简洁、精炼的语言表述一篇文章的主要内容、基本观点或事实。
它主要包括阅读和写作两个过程二. 要点简洁全面准确连贯客观三．写作的技巧1) 删除细节。
只保留主要观点。
2) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。
如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子，那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。
3) 避免重复。
在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明。
但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。
应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。
4) 压缩长的句子。
如下列两例：“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”可以概括为：”He was very brave in battle.”“He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.”可以概括为：“He was in financial difficulties.”5) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。
请看下面的例子：“Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.”可以概括为：”Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.”6) 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词，比如：“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.”可以概括为：”She brought home a lot of books to read during the vocation.”7）巧妙使用连接词。
学科老师辅导讲义学员编号：年级：高三课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课主题作文写作思路教学目标不同文体作文的写作技巧授课日期及时段教学内容课前回顾：1．上节课作业批改；错题讲解2．上节课知识点回顾3．高频词汇默写知识梳理知识点1：作文1、思维导图形式先呈现整体框架2、重难点高级词汇及短语的恰当应用：表达内容的清晰与条例性；句型的丰富性与多样性；3、不同体裁考点解读（注意相关模板句子、连接词和高级句型、词汇）Exercise One 议论类现在高中学生申请出国的现象非常普遍。
人们对此看法不一。
请谈谈你对此事的看法。
参考范文：Nowadays, it is very common for high school students to apply to foreign universities for admission. The phenomenon has aroused heated discussion among students and opinions on it vary from individual to individual. Some people are in favor of the practice, saying it helps broaden their horizons, while others are strongly opposed to it. They argue that it is purely a waste of money. As for me, there are both merits and demerits lying in the debatable problem.On one hand, the expense of learning abroad is beyond what an average family can afford. Many parents will probably be overburdened cover all the expense. Worse still, many students cannot discipline themselves without their parents around. Chances are that faced with temptations, they may pick up some bad habits and return eventually fruitless.On the other hand, we cannot deny the fact that learning abroad helps to cultivate children’s spirit of independence and enables them to be more sociable. In addition, being exposed to a totally difference, environment will definitely enrich their experience, which has a far-reaching effect on their future development.As a saying goes, each coin has two sides. Therefore, there is no need to be lost in the argument. What we should bear in mind is that wherever we learn, we should make full use of all the resources available and become a responsible learner.Exercise Two 图片类下面的一幅漫画描写了当前社会的教育状况，请结合自己的感受谈谈你对这种状况的看法。
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summar y)上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017 年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作( Summary writing)，也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15 分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250 字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60 字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary的要”求。
一．正确认识概要写作1.Definition of summary writing （概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2.Key points of a summary （概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy （准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity （客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3.Steps to write a summary （概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）A nalyze the text 's structure to divide it into severioanl s,e fcitnd out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. （one sentence）3）W rite down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）O rganize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4.Beginning of a summary （概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with: *The author ' s name *The article ' s or chapter 's name*The author 's thsetsaiste ment—a general overview（survey） of the article. The Body:First of all, the author describes ⋯⋯He then points out that ⋯⋯In addition, the author talks about ⋯⋯Finally , the author suggests ⋯⋯Some other introductory phrases: *(The author) states in (this article) that ⋯*(The author), in (this article) shows that ⋯*In (this article), (the author) writes that ⋯*As (the author) says in (this article), ⋯*The main idea of (the author ' s article) is ⋯*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause⋯*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n. 二．记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
2018年01月25日试用3的高中英语组卷一．书面表达（共20小题）1．假设你是中华中学学生姚平，最近参加了一项研究性学习调研，课题为"父母是否以子女为荣"．通过调研你校学生及其父母，结果发现双方对此问题的看法有差异（数据如图所示）．根据图表写一份报告，在报告中，你必须:1．描述调研数据;2．分析可能导致这一结果的原因2．学校即将举办"读书节”，目前正广泛征集"读书节”宣传册图片．假设你是该校学生潘阳，你已找到以下三幅图片，决定给读书节组委会写一封信，推荐其中一幅，你的信须包括以下内容：1．简单描述你想推荐的那幅图片；2．阐述你用这幅图片宣传”读书节"的理由．3．学校英语报正在酝酿改版，拟从现有的三个栏目(健康、娱乐、文化）中去除一个，并从三个备选栏目（时尚、职业规划、读者反馈）中挑选一个纳入该报．假设你是该校学生程飞，给校报编辑写一封电子邮件,表达你的观点．邮件须包括以下内容：1．你建议去除的栏目及去除的理由；2．你建议增加的栏目及增加的理由．4．请描述如图所示的图片，并谈谈你的感受．5．Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．描写一件你珍藏的物品．文章要具体说明何时、何地、怎样得到这件物品以及为什么珍藏到现在．6．你叫Jenny，你的网友Peter(高一学生）即将面临期末考试，近日，他就是否要请家教来帮他复习迎考向你求教,请给Peter回复一封电子邮件,邮件必须包括以下内容:结合你自身的学习经历就是否请家教表达你的观点及理由;就复习迎考给出2条主要建议．．7．以下是三座城市在就业、娱乐、环境方面的满意度．假如你的家庭打算移居到其中的某座城市，请从你和家庭的情况考虑选择一座比较满意的城市，并简要谈谈选择这座城市的理由．提示：不必对图表中的数据做详细描写．8．你班将召开一次主题班会,探讨高中生在成长过程中遇到的烦恼．请根据自己实际生活中遇到的学习、交友、代沟、同龄人攀比等现象进行思考，写一篇发言稿．文章需包括：1．你在实际生活中遇到的至少两种烦恼及其简要介绍;2．你应对这些烦恼所采取的举措和建议．．9．Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150words according to theinstructions given below in Chinese．假设你班班长打算在寒假组织一次班级活动，有三种方案：一、慈善义卖帮助家庭有困难的同学；二、聘请英语专家介绍有效的学习方法；三、组织一次班级新年派对．作为班级的一员,请你根据你的实际情况，在三项方案中选择其一，提出对该项活动的建议并谈谈理由．你的写作中必须包括：在三项方案中选择其一；对该方案提出建议；谈谈你提出建议的理由．．10．假如你是某中学高三（1）班的学生李明,写一封信给学校图书馆负责老师，因为你校图书馆将选择招募课余学生图书管理员．信必须包括以下内容:•简要介绍个人特长•表达希望成为课余学生图书管理员的愿望•谈谈你作为课余学生图书管理员,对学校图书馆管理提出一些建议注意：文中请勿提及真实学校Dear Sir/Madam．11．Directions：Writing an English composition in 120﹣150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．请根据下面的图片，结合你个人的经历,谈谈你的想法．12．某英文网站正举办征文活动,题目是The Most Useful Skill I Have Ever Learned，请以此写一篇征文．你的文章比须包括：•这项技能是什么？你是通过什么方式学会的?•举例说明为什么你觉得它最有用．（注:文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称)．13．假设你是李华，学校有四个社团正招募新人（如图所示),你希望加入其中一个．请你写一篇日记,谈谈你的想法．内容必须包括：•你希望加入的社团•选择该社团的原因•你可以为该社团做些什么注意:请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称．14．如图反映了一种常见的现象：拖延症（procrastination）．请写一篇作文，内容包括：1．给procrastination下定义；2．用生活中的例子谈谈你对此现象的看法．15．最近，网络上针对学习有两种不同的观点，一种是"兴趣是最好的老师”，另一种是"兴趣不是最好的老师"．请你结合自己的体会，选择你支持的观点，表达自己的看法，并阐述理由．注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级及学校等真实信息．16．现有一个中学生志愿者服务的网络平台，这是该平台上显示学生参与活动的流程图：请你据此写一篇短文，你的文章必须包括：•简要介绍参与活动的流程．•谈谈你对通过网络平台参与志愿者服务活动的看法．．17．学生会正在评选新一届学生会主席，假设你是该校的学生李青,有意参加竞选．写一份自荐材料，材料必须包括以下内容：简述个人信息及你所具备的竞选条件（能力、性格、爱好等）．如果当选，请你用具体事例阐述你将会为本校学生做些什么？注意:自荐材料中不得使用你所在学校和你的真实名字．18．Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to theinstructions given below in Chinese．下面两幅图反映的是部分城乡孩子所面临的窘境．请就此图谈谈你的想法,你的文章应包括：●具体描述两幅图；●简要分析造成这两种现象的原因;●提出解决问题的建议．（注:请勿出现真实姓名和学校）19．Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150words according to the instructions．你是李华,为解决你所在的学校公益社团(public welfare society）的资金短缺问题，请给全校学生写一封募捐信,募集5000元善款．信中必须包括：1．向全校的捐款号召．2．你发起这一活动的理由．3．你准备怎样使用善款的计划．(文中不得出现考生姓名,学校等任何真实信息）20．下面两幅图反映的是部分城乡孩子所面临的窘境．请就此图谈谈你的想法，你的文章应包括：具体描述两幅图；简要分析造成这两种现象的原因；提出解决问题的建议．（注：请勿出现真实姓名和学校）2018年01月25日试用3的高中英语组卷参考答案与试题解析一．书面表达（共20小题)1．假设你是中华中学学生姚平，最近参加了一项研究性学习调研，课题为”父母是否以子女为荣"．通过调研你校学生及其父母，结果发现双方对此问题的看法有差异(数据如图所示）．根据图表写一份报告,在报告中，你必须：1．描述调研数据；2．分析可能导致这一结果的原因【分析】本文为图表作文，考生需要根据数据进行分析，从数据分析原因，得出结论．时态主要为一般现在时．人称为第一人称和第三人称为主．写作要点为:1．描述调研数据；2．分析可能导致这一结果的原因．重要的词汇及短语：make a survey 做调查hold the same opinion 持相同的观点according to…根据…approve 同意,认可cause 起因，原因figure out 找出lead to 导致subtle 细微的conservative 保守的accustom to 习惯于convey 传递(信息)tendency 趋势conceal 隐藏the current education system 常规的教育体系bias 偏爱，偏见excessively 过分地高分句型：句型一：There seems to be①two causes as②we tried to figure out what③led to this subtle difference．there seems to be 句型，表示”看上去似乎有";as 引导时间状语从句，表示伴随,主句和从句的两个动作同时发生；what 引导宾语从句．句型二：The current education system excessively emphasizes the value of academic performance，thus forcing children to extensively believe that only by achieving excellent scores can they make their parents proud．常规的教育体系过分强调学业表现/价值，导致孩子们过度认为只有取得优异的成绩，才能让父母为自己骄傲．句型三：This bias unfairly undermines the significance of talents for art and sports，which easily frustrates children and renders them more likely to underestimate themselves．这种偏见不公正地低估了艺术和体育特长的意义，很容易打击到孩子（的信心），因而他们更可能降低对自我的认同．【解答】Recently,we made a survey about whether the parents agree that they are proud of their children．The result shows that 80％ of parents are proud of their children while only 60％ of children hold the same opinion．According to the survey，we can conclude that the number of parents who approved the idea is 20％more than of children．（描述调研数据)There seems to be two causes as we tried to figure out what led to this subtle difference．【高分句型一】First,conservative Chinese parents are never accustomed to conveying directly how much they are proud of their children．This tendency to conceal feelings hardly helps children develop a strong sense of self﹣confidence．(原因一）Second，the current education system excessively emphasizes the value of academic performance，thus forcing children to extensively believe that only by achieving excellent scores can they make their parents proud．【高分句型二】This bias unfairlyundermines the significance of talents for art and sports，which easily frustrates children and renders them more likely to underestimate themselves．【高分句型三】（原因二)Without the genuine encouragement from parents and the reversal of exam﹣oriented educational methods，a kid would never end up with a positive grown﹣up．（结论)【点评】数据分析类的作文，需要考生认真观察数据，透过现象看本质，从数据中分析原因,得出结论．2．学校即将举办"读书节"，目前正广泛征集"读书节”宣传册图片．假设你是该校学生潘阳，你已找到以下三幅图片,决定给读书节组委会写一封信，推荐其中一幅，你的信须包括以下内容：1．简单描述你想推荐的那幅图片;2．阐述你用这幅图片宣传”读书节"的理由．【分析】本文采用了”图表+提纲类"形式,根据文章所给提示信息给读书节组委会写一封信，推荐其中一幅图片，描述图片同时阐述推荐理由，既是提纲作文又是图画类作文．时态应该用一般现在时．人称用第二和第三人称．重要短语:around the corner（即将到来)，recommend sthto…．（推荐什么给），remind sb of sth （提醒某人…．），as far as I'm concerned （就我所知道的而言）,turn out to be（结果是)，not only…．，but also…．（不仅,而且），enhance …．understanding of…。
上海高考英语写作辅导--题材作文巧断思维以下范文和高考的写作虽有些不同，比如文章的长度等，希望同学们能仔细研读一下这几篇文章，注意其构思，语言，论述等等，希望能给同学们对作文题材如何扣题“准，精，全并具有独特性”上有一些启发。
范文一：People remember special gifts or presents that they have received. Why? Use specific reasons an d examples to support your answer.I think we remember special gifts we‟ ve received because these gifts often are part of a special memory for us. It may be a memory of someone special we‟ ve cared deeply about. He or she may no longer be alive. Or it may be a memory of a special event in our lives. It may even be a memor y of the person we once were at some particular moment in our lives.Gifts from other people can make us feel joy every time we look at them. A gift from our parents, or our husband or wife makes us feel loved each time we see or use it. If we have children, the firs t gift our child made for us in kindergarten is cherished long after the child has grown up. A famil y heirloom given to us by a grandparent makes us feel connected to our past. A gift from a good fr iend is a reminder of all the good times we‟ ve shared. A memento from a respected colleague of a reminder of a job we worked on successfully together.Gift may also pinpoint special events in our lives. Gifts given to us as part of our religious heritag e, such as First Communion or Chanukkah gifts, remind us of those celebrations. The same is true for gifts given for birthdays and graduations, and for the anniversaries of special days in our lives, like our wedding day.Gifts can also be a symbol of the person we were at a particular point in our lives. A gift received i n childhood may remind us of a passionate hobby that‟s now boxed in the attic. A gift received wh en we left a job may bring to mind the first career we bad, now that we‟re on our third or fourth. The gifts that are important to us are the ones that remind us of family, friends and happy times. T hey‟re a way of surrounding ourselves with our past.范文二：You have decided to give several hours of your time each month to improve the community wher e you live. What is one thing you will do to improve your community? Why? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.Volunteering a few hours each week to some community activity is an important way of investing in the future of our society. I chose to spend my time working with elementary school children hel ping them to learn to read. Developing good reading skills will help these students keep up with th eir classmates, open new worlds to them, and help them succeed in life.Students who are not good readers cannot keep up with their studies. They will not understand the lessons; they will come to school unprepared; they will not be able to perform. By learning to read , students will be on equal footing with their classmates. They will be active participants in class. Books on different lifestyles, occupations, cultures, or governments will open new doors to studen ts. Students who can‟t read will only know what they see around them. Students who can read will be able to travel to new worlds and experience new ideas without ever leaving their classrooms. Today, a person who can‟t read is severely handicapped. A non-reader will have to work at the mo st menial jobs. Readers, especially good readers, have the whole universe open to them. They willhave the possibility to learn any job that interests them.By volunteering to help an elementary school child learn to read, I am helping him or her not only today, but for the rest of his or her life. I am helping them keep pace with their peers and explore t he world and themselves through books.范文三：Groups or organizations are an important part of some people‟s lives. Why are groups or organizat ions important to people? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.Groups or organizations are an important part of our life because we are social people. We like to get together with people whose attitudes and beliefs are like ours. The most important groups for u s are our families, our religious organizations, and our political organizations.Our families are obviously our most important group. You will never find the physical and emotio nal support from any other group that you will find in your family. Your family is part of you; you are tied to them by blood. They will always be there for you.Similarly our religious organizations can provide comfort for us in times of stress. When we are w ith people who have the same beliefs, we feel better. Our beliefs are based on tradition. These beli efs have been tested over time. These beliefs tell us how to respond and how to act.Our political organizations change as we change. Some years we may feel conservative; other year s we may feel more liberal. Whatever our political philosophy, we can find a political organization that matches our thinking at the moment. Those political organizations help us be a part of the lar ger community.Whether the group is tightly knit like a family, spiritual like religion, or secular like politics, they a ll serve a function in our life. They all help us feel as if we belong.范文四：Imagine that you are preparing for a trip. You plan to be away from your home for a year. In additi on to clothing and personal care items, you can take one additional thing. What would you take an d why? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.If I were to leave my home for a year, there is one thing I definitely would take with me: my cell p hone. With my cell phone, I could call my friends or family if I ever was lonely, needed advice, or just wanted to talk.If I were away from home for a year, I would be very lonely, especially in the beginning before I made friends. If I could call my mother and father, I would hear their familiar voices and I would not feel so lonely. Hearing my friends‟ voices would also help me overcome my sadness.I‟ve never been on my own so there are many things I am not familiar with. I‟ve never opened a b ank account, got a driver‟s license, or made my own food. If I had to cook chicken or something, I could call up my mother and she could tell me how to make dinner.Sometimes, I may just want to talk in my own language. With my cell phone, I could call my frien ds and tell them about my new life. This would make them jealous of me. I would call them a lot s o they could hear all the wonderful things I am doing.For me a cell phone is a necessity. I would need it anytime I was lonely, anytime I needed to do so mething I didn‟t know how to do, and anytime I just wanted to talk. Of course, the phone bill will be sent to my parents.范文五：Many parts of the world are losing important natural resources, such as forests, animals, or clean water. Choose one resource that is disappearing and explain why it needs to be saved . Use specifi c reasons and examples to support your opinionMany natural resources are disappointed of being wasted on our planet every day. One of the most important resources we are abusing is our trees. Each year , hundreds of thousands of acres of tree s disappear in countries all around the world . In some countries , these trees are used for fuel. In o ther countries , trees are destroyed to build housing developments and shopping centers. Saving tre es has become a major cultural and economical issue in many of the world.Trees are essential to our survival . They are a major part of the process of photosynthesis . Photos ynthesis is the process in which green plants use carbon dioxide to produce oxygen ,and oxygen is something all of us need . The fewer trees there are ,the more this affects our ability to breathe. Trees are also important in the development of many medicines. The mainstream medical establis hment did not recognize this for many years. However , those who use natural medicines have alw ays known how important trees are. Now scientists are agreeing with them. Many drugs come fro m the leaves of certain trees, along with other herds and plants.In rural areas, farmers have always known how important trees are to soil conservation. This is wh y you‟ll usually see trees lining a field . Tree rots help keep the soil in place, and are also a factor i n water distribution deep beneath the ground .Finally ,we should save trees from disappearing because they provide so much pleasure. …I think th at I shall never see a poem as lovely as a tree,‟ wrote a poet . That is the truth . A tall , stately tree i s beautiful to look at, and pleasing to the soul . It is also a great place to find shade on a hot summ er‟s day. For practical and emotional reasons, we need to preserve our planet‟s trees.范文六：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing a game is fun only when you win. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.I agree with the old saying, “It‟s not whether you win or lose, it‟s how you play the game.” I don‟t need to win. I have fun playing all games because it gives me time to be with friends, learn new t hings, and work as a team.Tennis is one game that I enjoy. It‟s a great opportunity to socialize. Of course, you can‟t carry on a conversation while you‟re playing, but my tennis partner and I talk a lot before the game. Since we have to reserve a court, we have to talk to one another to find a convenient time to meet. Then we have to make sure that the court is available at that time. This often takes many phone calls and , of course, we talk about many other things during the same conversation. Once we get to the cou rt, we often have to wait. That gives us another opportunity to chat. After the game, we usually go out for a soda or a meal and talk some more. We don‟t even talk about how well or how poorly we played. Tennis is just an excuse for us to get together.The board game Scrabble, on the other hand, is a real skill builder. It‟s a challenge to form words f rom the letters in front of you and on the board. I always learn a new word from my opponent, alth ough sometimes I‟m suspicious whether the word really exists. Often we don‟t even keep score. We just do it because it‟s fun and we learn new English words.Soccer is the most competitive sport I‟m involved in. I do my best, but it doesn‟t matter to me if my team loses. I enjoy just being with my friends and traveling to different schools in different cities to play. I learn a lot about teamwork when we practice. Our coach tells us the most important thin g is to play well as a team. It seems she just wants us to have fun and not worry about winning. All in all, I just enjoy having a good time. Presumably that‟s our purpose in life. Isn‟t that better th an worrying about who wins and who loses all the time?。
