Test 23

Python连接MySQL并使⽤fetchall（）⽅法过滤特殊字符来⼀个简单的例⼦，看Python如何操作数据库，相⽐Java的JDBC来说，确实⾮常简单，省去了很多复杂的重复⼯作，只关⼼数据的获取与操作。

准备⼯作需要有相应的环境和模块：Ubuntu 14.04 64bitPython 2.7.6MySQLdb注意:Ubuntu ⾃带安装了Python，但是要使⽤Python连接数据库，还需要安装MySQLdb模块，安装⽅法也很简单：sudo apt-get install MySQLdb然后进⼊Python环境，import这个包，如果没有报错，则安装成功了：pythonPython 2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 17:58:13)[GCC 4.8.2] on linux2Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import MySQLdb>>>Python标准的数据库接⼝的Python DB-API（包括Python操作MySQL）。

⼤多数Python数据库接⼝坚持这个标准。

不同的数据库也就需要不同额模块，由于我本机装的是MySQL，所以使⽤了MySQLdb模块，对不同的数据库⽽⾔，只需要更改底层实现了接⼝的模块，代码不需要改，这就是模块的作⽤。

Python数据库操作⾸先我们需要⼀个测试表建表语句：CREATE DATABASE study;use study;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS python_demo;CREATE TABLE python_demo (id int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键，⾃增',user_no int NOT NULL COMMENT '⽤户编号',user_name VARBINARY(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '⽤户名',password VARBINARY(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '⽤户密码',remark VARBINARY(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '⽤户备注',PRIMARY KEY (id,user_no))ENGINE =innodb DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8 COMMENT '⽤户测试表';INSERT INTO python_demo(user_no, user_name, password, remark) VALUES(1001,'张三01','admin','我是张三');INSERT INTO python_demo(user_no, user_name, password, remark) VALUES(1002,'张三02','admin','我是张三');INSERT INTO python_demo(user_no, user_name, password, remark) VALUES(1003,'张三03','admin','我是张三');INSERT INTO python_demo(user_no, user_name, password, remark) VALUES(1004,'张三04','admin','我是张三');INSERT INTO python_demo(user_no, user_name, password, remark) VALUES(1005,'张三05','admin','我是张三');INSERT INTO python_demo(user_no, user_name, password, remark) VALUES(1006,'张三06','admin','我是张三');INSERT INTO python_demo(user_no, user_name, password, remark) VALUES(1007,'张三07','admin','我是张三');INSERT INTO python_demo(user_no, user_name, password, remark) VALUES(1008,'张三08','admin','我是张三');Python代码# --coding=utf8--import ConfigParserimport sysimport MySQLdbdef init_db():try:conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=conf.get('Database', 'host'),user=conf.get('Database', 'user'),passwd=conf.get('Database', 'passwd'),db=conf.get('Database', 'db'),charset='utf8')return connexcept:print "Error:数据库连接错误"return Nonedef select_demo(conn, sql):try:cursor = conn.cursor()cursor.execute(sql)return cursor.fetchall()except:print "Error:数据库连接错误"return Nonedef update_demo():passdef delete_demo():passdef insert_demo():passif __name__ == '__main__':conf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()conf.read('mysql.conf')conn = init_db()sql = "select * from %s" % conf.get('Database', 'table')data = select_demo(conn, sql)passfetchall()字段特殊字符过滤处理最近在做数据仓库的迁移⼯作,之前数据仓库的数据都是⽤的shell脚本来抽取,后来换了python脚本.但是在把数据抽取存放到hadoop时,出现了⼀个问题:由于数据库字段很多,提前也不知道数据库字段会存储什么内容,hive建表是以\t\n做分隔,这就导致了⼀个问题,如果mysql字段内容⾥⾯本⾝含有\t\n,那么就会出现字段错位情况,并且很头疼的是mysql有100多个字段,也不知道哪个字段会出现这个问题. shell脚本⾥的做法是在需要抽取的字段上⽤mysql的replace函数对字段进⾏替换,例如,假设mysql⾥的字段是column1 varchar(2000),那么很可能就会出现有特殊字符的情况,在查询的sql语句⾥加上select replace(replace(replace(column1,'\r',''),'\n',''),'\t','')之前⼀直是这么⼲的,但是这样写sql特别长,特别是有100多个字段,也不知道哪个有特殊字符,只要都加上.所以在python中对字段不加处理,最终导致hive表字段对应出现偏差,所以在python⾥从mysql查询到的字段在写到⽂件之前需要对每个字段进⾏过滤处理看个例⼦,我就以mysql测试为例,⾸先建⼀张测试表CREATE TABLE `filter_fields` (`field1` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,`field2` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,`field3` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,`field4` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,`field5` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,`field6` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;有六个字段,都是varchar类型,插⼊新数据可以在⾥⾯插⼊特殊字符.简单插⼊条数据测试看看:insert into filter_fields(field1,field2,field3,field4,field5,field6) VALUES('test01','test02','test03','test04','test05','test06');insert into filter_fields(field1,field2,field3,field4,field5,field6) VALUES('test11\ntest11','test12\n\n','test13','test14','test15','test16');insert into filter_fields(field1,field2,field3,field4,field5,field6) VALUES('test21\ttest21','test22\ttest22\ttest22','test23\t\t\t','test4','test5','test6');insert into filter_fields(field1,field2,field3,field4,field5,field6) VALUES('test21\rest21','test22\r\rest22\r\rest22','test23\r\r\r','test4','test5','test6');其中数据⾥插⼊的特殊字符,可能连在⼀起,也有不连在⼀起的.python测试代码:# coding=utf-8import MySQLdbimport sysdb_host = '127.0.0.1' # 数据库地址db_port = 3306 # 数据库端⼝db_user = 'root' # mysql⽤户名db_pwd = 'yourpassword' # mysql⽤户密码,换成你的密码db_name = 'test' # 数据库名db_table = 'filter_fields' # 数据库表# 过滤sql字段结果中的\t\ndef extract_data(table_name):try:conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=db_host, port = db_port, user=db_user,passwd = db_pwd, db = db_name, charset = "utf8")cursor = conn.cursor()except MySQLdb.Error, e:print '数据库连接异常'sys.exit(1)try:sql = 'select * from %s;'%(table_name)cursor.execute(sql)rows = cursor.fetchall()print '====字段未过滤查询结果===='for row in rows:print rowprint '====字段过滤之后结果===='rows_list = []for row in rows:row_list = []for column in row:row_list.append(column.replace('\t', '').replace('\n', '').replace('\r', ''))rows_list.append(row_list)print rows_list[-1] # [-1]表⽰列表最后⼀个元素return rows_listexcept MySQLdb.Error, e:print '执⾏sql语句失败'cursor.close()conn.close()sys.exit(1)if __name__ == '__main__':print 'begin:'rows = extract_data(db_table)pass看看输出结果:字段未过滤查询结果(u'test01', u'test02', u'test03', u'test04', u'test05', u'test06')(u'test11\ntest11', u'test12\n\n', u'test13', u'test14', u'test15', u'test16')(u'test21\ttest21', u'test22\ttest22\ttest22', u'test23\t\t\t', u'test4', u'test5', u'test6')(u'test21\rest21', u'test22\r\rest22\r\rest22', u'test23\r\r\r', u'test4', u'test5', u'test6')字段过滤之后结果[u'test01', u'test02', u'test03', u'test04', u'test05', u'test06'][u'test11test11', u'test12', u'test13', u'test14', u'test15', u'test16'][u'test21test21', u'test22test22test22', u'test23', u'test4', u'test5', u'test6'][u'test21est21', u'test22est22est22', u'test23', u'test4', u'test5', u'test6']可以看到,制表符,换⾏符,回车都被过滤了.建议:最后说点题外话,不要⼩视\r,回车符.很多⼈以为回车符就是换⾏符,其实不是的,\r表⽰回车符,\n表⽰新⾏.之前代码⾥其实是过滤掉了\t\n的,但是抽取的数据还是不对,后来看了源码之后才发现,原来是没有过滤\r,就这个不同导致了很多数据抽取不对.。

23级6月大学英语六级考试真题听力第一套全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: My Experience in the 23rd Level June College English Test (CET-6) Listening SectionHey guys, today I want to tell you about my experience in the College English Test (CET-6) listening section that I took in June. It was really exciting and nerve-wracking at the same time!First off, the test had four sections: conversations, talks, news reports, and discussions. The conversations were about everyday situations like ordering food at a restaurant or buying tickets for a movie. The talks were usually about academic topics like history or science. The news reports covered current events like climate change or technology trends. And the discussions were debates between two or more people on a controversial topic.I have to admit, some parts of the test were really challenging. The speakers talked really fast sometimes, and it was hard to catch all the details. There were also some tricky questions where you had to infer the speaker's opinion or guessthe meaning of a word from the context. But overall, I think I did pretty well!One tip I would give to anyone preparing for the CET-6 listening section is to practice a lot. Listen to English podcasts, watch English movies or TV shows, and try to have conversations in English as much as possible. The more you expose yourself to the language, the easier the test will be.In the end, I felt relieved when the listening section was over.I can't wait to see my scores and find out how I did. But no matter what, I'm proud of myself for taking on the challenge and giving it my best shot.So, that's my experience in the 23rd Level June CET-6 listening section. I hope this article inspires you to keep working hard and improving your English skills. Who knows, maybe one day you'll be taking the test too! Good luck, everyone!篇2Oh my gosh, guys, I just took the June 2023 College English Test Level 6 listening exam, and let me tell you, it was sooo tough! But don't worry, I'm gonna break it down for you all so you're ready when you take it.The first set of questions was about a university seminar on climate change. The professor talked about the causes and effects of climate change, including rising sea levels and extreme weather events. He also mentioned some possible solutions like reducing carbon emissions and planting trees. It was pretty heavy stuff, but I think I got most of the answers right.Next, we had a conversation between two students discussing a research project on biodiversity. They talked about the importance of preserving different species of animals and plants, and how human activities like deforestation and pollution are affecting ecosystems. They also mentioned the need for more conservation efforts and education programs. I had to really concentrate to catch all the details, but I think I did okay.The last part of the listening test was a lecture on renewable energy sources. The professor talked about solar power, wind power, and hydropower, and explained how they can help reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. He also mentioned some challenges, like the high costs of installing renewable energy systems. I tried my best to follow along, but it was a lot to take in.Overall, the listening exam was challenging, but I'm glad I studied hard and practiced a lot before the test. I hope you guysfind my tips helpful and ace the exam too! Good luck, everyone!篇3Oh my gosh, guys! I just took the June 2023 University English Proficiency Test (CET-6) and man was it tough! But guess what? I survived and I'm here to tell you all about it!So, the listening part was like super crazy. They played all these recordings of people talking and you had to answer questions about what they were saying. It was a real challenge to keep up with everything they were saying, but I did my best.The first set of questions was all about a guy who was traveling around the world. He talked about visiting different countries, trying new foods, and meeting interesting people. It was so cool to hear about all his adventures, although I have to admit, I did get a bit lost at times.Next up, they played some recordings of students talking about their favorite hobbies. There was a girl who loved painting, a guy who was into playing sports, and even someone who enjoyed baking. It made me realize how many different things people can be passionate about, and it was really inspiring.But the part that almost stumped me was the section on academic lectures. They played recordings of professors talking about different topics like history, psychology, and environmental science. Some of the terms they used were sooo hard to understand, but I just crossed my fingers and took my best guess.Overall, the listening test was definitely a challenge, but I'm proud of myself for giving it my all. Now all I have to do is wait for my results and hope for the best. Fingers crossed, guys!篇4Title: My Experience with the 23rd June CET-6 Listening TestHi guys, today I want to tell you about my experience with the 23rd June CET-6 Listening test. Oh boy, it was a rollercoaster of emotions!First of all, let me tell you how nervous I was before the test. I mean, I had been studying so hard for weeks, listening to English podcasts, watching English movies, and even talking to myself in English. But when the test day arrived, I was a bundle of nerves. The thought of listening to those fast-paced conversations and lectures was just too much to handle.But guess what? As soon as the test started, I found myself actually enjoying it! The topics were interesting, like a discussion about climate change and a conversation between a student and a professor about a research project. I found myself nodding along and even giggling at some of the jokes they made. It was like I was in my own little English bubble, and nothing else mattered.Of course, there were some tricky parts too. Like when they played a recording of two friends planning a trip, and I couldn't figure out where they were going. Or when a lecturer was talking about different theories in psychology, and I felt like my brain was about to explode. But you know what? I just took a deep breath, listened carefully, and tried to understand as much as I could.And you know what? When the test was finally over, I felt so proud of myself. I may not have understood every single word, but I tried my best and that's all that matters. Plus, I know that I'll keep improving my English skills and one day, I'll ace that CET-6 Listening test without breaking a sweat.So, to all my fellow students out there, don't stress too much about the CET-6 Listening test. Just relax, listen carefully, and believe in yourself. You got this! Good luck!篇5Oh my goodness, can you believe how hard the listening section of the 2023 June College English Test (CET) Level 6 was? It was like, super challenging, but I'm gonna share all the details with you!So, like, the first set of questions were all about this girl named Emily who was going on a trip to Australia. She was talking to her friend Mark about her travel plans, like how she was gonna visit the Great Barrier Reef and go scuba diving. It sounded so cool!Then there was this part about a lecture on climate change. The professor was talking about how human activities are causing global warming and how we need to take action to protect the environment. It was kinda scary but also important to know.Next up was a conversation between two students who were discussing their English class. They were talking about their favorite books and the different genres they liked to read. It was interesting to hear what they were into.Oh, and don't forget about the interview with a famous writer! He was talking about his new book and how he came upwith the idea for the story. It was so inspiring to hear about his creative process.Overall, the listening section was tough, but I learned a lot from it. I think it's important to practice listening to English as much as possible so we can improve our skills. Let's keep working hard and we'll ace the next CET Level 6 test for sure!篇6Title: My Experience of Listening to the 23rd June University English six-level examHey guys! I am so excited to tell you all about my experience of listening to the 23rd June University English six-level exam. It was really cool and I learned a lot from it.First of all, there were six sections in the exam, and each section had different types of questions. The first section was about a lecture on history, and I had to answer somemultiple-choice questions based on what I heard. It was a bit tricky, but I managed to answer most of them correctly.The second section was a conversation between two students talking about their future plans. I had to answer sometrue or false questions about what they said. I think I did pretty well in this section because I paid close attention to the details.The third section was a talk by a professor about science experiments. I had to fill in some gaps with missing words. This section was a bit challenging because I had to listen carefully to catch the missing words.In the fourth section, there was a discussion between a professor and a student about a research project. I had to answer some questions based on what they talked about. I think this section was the most difficult for me because I found the accents hard to understand.The fifth section was a lecture on environmental issues, and I had to answer some matching questions. I found this section quite interesting because I learned a lot about how we can help protect the environment.Lastly, the sixth section was a panel discussion on the importance of learning a second language. I had to answer some multiple-choice questions based on what the panelists said. I think this section was the easiest for me because I am already learning a second language.Overall, I had a great time listening to the University English six-level exam. I think I did pretty well, and I am looking forward to getting my results. I hope I will pass the exam and improve my English skills even further. Thank you for reading about my experience, and I hope you can all do well in your exams too! Bye for now!篇7On June 23, the first set of the College English Test Band 6 (CET-6) listening test was taken. Let me tell you all about it in a super fun, kid-friendly way!So, like, the test had four parts, and each part had like three or four different questions. The first part was about a girl named Sara who was planning a trip to Australia. She had to like listen carefully to a radio program and answer questions about the transportation and accommodation options in Australia. It was super cool!The second part was about a guy named Joe who was taking a photography class. He had to like listen to a conversation between him and his teacher, and then answer questions about the different types of cameras and lenses. It was so interesting!The third part was all about this girl named Lily who was volunteering at a wildlife sanctuary. She had to listen to a interview with one of the workers at the sanctuary and answer questions about the different animals they take care of. It was so cute!The fourth part was about a guy named Tom who was studying abroad in England. He had to listen to a lecture about the history of British literature and answer questions about the famous writers and their works. It was so fascinating!Overall, the listening test was like super fun and interesting. I learned so much about different places, people, and animals. I can't wait to see my score and find out how well I did. Yay!篇8Hey guys, today I want to talk about the listening part of the 23rd June CET-6 test. It's like super important and can be kinda tricky, but don't worry, I'll try to explain it to you in a simple way.So, in the listening part, there are a bunch of different sections. They might talk about anything from ordering food at a restaurant to giving directions on a map. You have to listen really carefully and pick the right answer from the choices given.One tip I have is to pay attention to the keywords in the questions. Like if they say "Where does the conversation take place?", you should listen for words like "place" or "location" in the dialogue. That way you'll know what to focus on.It's also important to practice listening to English as much as you can before the test. You can watch English movies or TV shows, listen to English songs, or even try talking toEnglish-speaking friends. The more you listen, the easier it'll be for you to understand.So yeah, that's the listening part of the CET-6 test. It might seem kinda hard at first, but if you practice and pay attention, you'll totally ace it. Good luck, guys!篇9Hey guys! Guess what? I just took the June 2023 College English Test Level 6 listening exam and I wanna tell you all about it!So, the exam had a bunch of different sections, like listening for main ideas, details, and inferences. There were also some listening tasks where you had to fill in the blanks, match speakers with topics, and answer questions about short talks. It was kind of challenging, but I think I did pretty good!One of the sections was about a student conversation, where they were talking about planning a class project. They mentioned a bunch of different ideas, like doing a presentation or making a poster. It was cool to listen to how they worked together to come up with a plan.There was also a part where they talked about climate change and how it's affecting the environment. They mentioned things like rising temperatures, melting ice caps, and changing weather patterns. It was kind of scary to think about, but it's important to know what's going on in the world.Overall, I think the listening exam was tough but fun. It was cool to test my English skills and see how much I could understand. I can't wait to see how I did on the exam! Have any of you guys taken the test before? Let me know how it went for you!篇10Hey guys, have you heard about the English Listening Test for the 23rd June College English Level 6 exam? It was super tough, but let me tell you all about it!First up, there were a lot of different sections in the test. The first part was all about listening to short conversations andanswering questions about them. They were talking about stuff like travel plans, shopping, and education. It was kinda tricky to catch all the details, but I did my best.Next, there was a section where we had to listen to a lecture and take notes. The lecturer was talking about Earth's atmosphere and climate change. It was really interesting, but I had to listen carefully to write down all the important points. Phew, that was a tough one!After that, there were more conversations to listen to, this time about things like job interviews, health issues, and environmental problems. I tried my best to answer the questions, but some of them were really tricky.Finally, there was a long lecture about the history of music. The speaker talked about different periods in music history and how music has evolved over time. It was so cool to learn about all the different styles of music!Overall, the test was pretty challenging, but I think I did okay.I just hope I can pass the exam and move on to the next level of my English studies. Wish me luck, guys!。

UL1703平板型太阳能组件安全认证标准说明：UL1703是UL于1986年进展制定针对平板型太阳能电池面板与太阳能电池模块的安全标准，多数太阳能电池是处于日晒雨淋酷暑寒冬的使用环境，因此其可靠度与安全性不容忽视，有别于一样大伙儿所明白的IEC61215规范标准IEC61215是针对太阳能电池模块的电与热性能进行测试，而UL1703那么是以更严格的角度强调涵盖太阳能电池的性能测试、安全测试和长期可靠度测试三大验证区块，要求产品必须通过如防火测试及老化测试…等试验，以确认这些材料能长期承担户外恶劣的使用环境，降低灾难发生的机率，因此美规标准UL1703相较于欧规标准IEC61215有更为严苛的安全性要求，另外针对在太阳能电池系统外围设备方面，UL那么订定了UL873和UL1741的标准来规范系统设备、电源和整流器等相关设备。

UL1703平板型太陽能電池組件測試項目：(共23項)UL1703-19Temperature test(高温测试)UL1703-20V oltage and current measurements test(电压电流量测试)UL1703-21L eakage current test(泄漏电流测试)UL1703-22 S train relief test(线扣拉力测试)UL1703-23 P ush test(推挤测试)UL1703-24 C ut test(切割测试)UL1703-25 B onding path resistance test(接合路径电阻测试)UL1703-26 D ielectric voltage-withstand test(耐电压测试)UL1703-27 W et insulation-resistance test(绝缘电阻测试)UL1703-28 R everse current overload test(反向电流超载试验)UL1703-29 T erminal torque test(端子扭矩测试)UL1703-30 I mpact test(冲击测试)UL1703-31 F ire test(防火测试)UL1703-33 W ater spray test(洒水测试)UL1703-34 A ccelerated aging test(加速老化测试)UL1703-35 T emperature cycling test(温度循环测试)UL1703-36 H umidity test(湿冷冻测试)UL1703-37 C orrosive atmosphere test(气体腐蚀测试)UL1703-38 M etallic coating thickness test(金属涂层厚度试验)UL1703-39 H ot-spot endurance test(热斑耐久试验)UL1703-40 A rcing test(电弧试验)UL1703-41 M echanical loading test(机械载荷试验)UL1703-42 W iring Compartment Securement Test(布线稳固性测试)UL1703测试项目分类：说明：依据每一个测试项目的目的类型(环境测试、电性量测、机械测试、安全测试、照耀测试、诊断量测)加以分类环境测试：UL1703-19高温测试、UL1703-34加速老化测试、UL1703-35温度循环测试、UL1703-36湿冷冻测试、UL1703-37气体腐蚀测试电性量测：UL1703-27湿绝缘电阻测试、UL1703-20电压电流量测测试、UL1703-21泄漏电流测试、UL1703-25接合路径电阻测试机械测试：UL1703-22 线扣拉力测试、UL1703-23推挤测试、UL1703-24切割测试、UL1703-29端子扭矩测试、UL1703-30冲击测试、U L1703-41机械载荷试验、UL1703-42布线稳固性测试安全测试：UL1703-26耐电压测试、UL1703-28反向电流超载试验、UL1703-31防火测试、UL1703-33洒水测试、UL1703-40电弧试验照耀测试：UL1703-39热斑耐久试验诊断量测：UL1703-38金属涂层厚度试验IEC61215&UL1703太阳能电池可靠度试验项目比较表：说明：比较IEC61215与UL1703在太阳能电池可靠度试验中其试验项目的差异性试验方式/适用规范IEC61215UL1703电气特能测试(Electrical performance test)●●热循环测试(Thermal cycle test)●●湿冷冻循环测试(Humidity freeze cycle test)●●机械负荷测试(Mechanical load test)●●热班耐受测试(Hot-spot endurance test)●●目视检查(Visual inspection procedure)●电气绝缘测试(Electrical isolation test [dry hi-po])●旁路二极管热测试(Bypass diode thermal test)●湿漏电流测试(Wet leakage current test)●冰雹冲击测试(Hail impact test)●湿热测试(Damp heat test)●連接端稳固测试(Robustness of terminations test)●户外曝晒测试(Outdoor exposure test)●紫外线前处理测试(UV Preconditioning Test)●温度系数量测(Measurement of temperature coefficients)●●标称工作[NOCT]温度的量测(Measurement of nominal operating celltemperature)在低照耀光下的性能(Performance at low irradiance)●标称工作温度[NOCT]下性能(Performance at NOCT)●最大功率测定(Maximum power determination)●接合路径电阻测试(Bonding path resistance test)●湿隔離电阻测试(Wet insulation resistance test)●耐电压测试(Dielectric voltage-withstand test)●电弧试验(Arcing test)●泄漏电流测试(Leakage current test)●泼水测试(Water spray test)●高温测试(Temperature test)●加速老化测试(Accelerated aging test)●线扣拉力测试(Strain relief test)●反向电流超载试验(Reverse current overload test)●端子扭矩测试(Terminal torque test)●推挤测试(Push test)●切割测试(Cut test)●冲击测试(Impact test)●防火测试(Fire test)●气体腐蚀测试(Corrosive atmosphere test)●金属涂层厚度试验(Metallic coating thickness test)●布线稳固性测试(Wiring Compartment Securement Test)●试验总数共19项共23项●：表示该类型太阳能电池有进行此试验方式UL1703太阳能电池可靠度试验测试流程：UL1703平板型太阳能电池可靠度试验规范目的说明：说明：UL1703的太阳能电池的测试项目共有23项测试，将其试验条件的测试目的加以说明整理介绍。

剑10 test11. negotiate=alter 调整2. a millennium ago 千年前=ancient3. application=function4. gain access to ground water=water collect 收集水分5. shelter= provide shade 庇护所6. tourists flock=frequent visitors 大量游客7. quick=rapid 快速的8. due to = owing to 由于9. candidates for=awaiting 候选人10. new=fresh 新鲜的11. sustainable=long-term 持续的12. transport flows=transport trends 交通流13. energy consumption=environmental costs14. by 2020=by the end of this decade15. alone=solely 仅仅16. increase the efficiency=improve17. price=charge 收费18. continues to increase=growing 持续增长19. expect=predict20. goal=objective 目标21. fit=match 合适22. play it safe=avoid risk 安全地23. take more gambles=take chances 冒险抓住机会24. overbearing=dominant25. opt out of=ignore 忽略26. a free interchange of idea=share their ideas 思想交流27. peer=colleague 同事28. boss=manager 经理老板29. much more powerful=more pervasive剑10 test 21. a burst in population growth=an increase in population2. conditions required=allow this to happen 条件允许3. changes=turn to4. afraid=fear 害怕5. put people out of work=unemployment 失业6. without succumbing=prevent 阻止7. morality rate=death rate 死亡率8. overdirect =too much guidance 过度指导9. diminish their gifted pupil's learning autonomy =what can be lost10. negative emotions=anxiety11. ome educational provision=domestic background12. deprived=socially-disadvantaged13. make fewer errors =produce accurate work14. independence=self-reliance 独立15. a great deal =a considerable amount 大重16. external regulation =more direction from teachers 外部指导17. lack of=do not have 缺少18. identify =understand=confirm 明确19. extremely high examination results=impressive grades 惊叹的成绩20. print out huge numbers of texts = mass production21. the meaning of words-=underlying ideas22. pertectly content to assign=happy to instruct 乐意指导23. workshop apprentices= assistants 助手24. scale=size 尺寸25. given the confidence = be encouraged剑10 test 31. importance=significance 重要性2. hidden or obscured =difficulty in recognising=difficult to ascertain 难以确认3. largest employer =largest employment4. figures= number 数据5. one major difficulties problems =major most important6. source =substance7. discard =drop 抛弃8. defences =against 防卫9. warning =signal 警告10. intense=abundant 丰富的11. the reddest = the most vividly coloured red12. paradoxical=contradict 矛盾的13. derelict = abandoned 抛弃14. livestock= animals 动物15. human =remains bones16. nagging headwinds= extreme climate conditions 极端的天气17. the key to success= play a key role in18. stubborn question= difficulties explaining19. called it quits = halted their expansion 停止20. reasons known only to them =unclear 不清楚剑10 test 41. erratically =unpredictably 不规则不可预测的2. longer=extended 长的3. allow fires to spread= mishandling 错误处理4. infrastructure=equipment= tools 工具5. precipitation =rainfall 降雨6. increased construction =more building 更多的施工7. character =personality 性格8. determined =fixed9. develop = acquire 获得10. master = learn 掌握学习11. a range of = a variety of 许多12. bring more joy and passion into your life= increase their happiness13. ignorance = do not know much 忽略14. pay attention to = actively notice 关注15. moral obligation = a sense of responsibility=duty 责任感16. alter= overcome 克服17. physical stamina =physical goals18. reappear= re-emergence 再次出现19. switch labs =decide to rethink academic career path20. qualify =modify21. fit with =correct 合适的22. no more than one occasion =several times 几次23. throwback= run backwards =reversible24. unrelated= different 不同的25. reactivate =reappear 再次出现26. answer may lie in might= be caused by剑11 test 11. demographic=population 人口2. situated in=located in 位于3. turn=produce 产生4. use of=consumption of 使用量5. be reduced=be cut 被减少6. shortcoming=disadvantage 缺点7. can move=not fixed8. city=urban 城市9. damage=destruction 破坏10. eliminate=less likely to be affected by11. construct=manufacture 建造12. two=a pair of13. raise=lift 提升14. seal...off from the water=shut out the water 防水15. turn=rotate 转动16. remove=be taken out 去除17. rotate=drive 使运转18. straight=directly19. ancient monument=Roman wall20. under=beneath21. deposit=place=put 放置在22. stimulate the growth of algae=to encourage the algae to form 促进…成长23. form=create24. model on=base on 基于25. volcanic explosions=natural phenomenon26. reinforced high-tension cables=strong cables27. reroute=change the direction of 转向28. increase=bring more water to29. no substitute=can not replace 无取代物30. renewable energy=non-fossil-based fuels 新型能源31. should not exclude thinking about=worth exploring剑12 test 21. intact=undamaged 完整的2. turn out to be=by chance3. fade into obscurity=stop 模糊4. initiate=launch 发射5. decision=it was agreed that6. via=by 通过7. overcome=prevent 克服8. locate=place9. additional=extra 额外的10. definitively proved=undisputed 无可争议的11. wreck=damage 破坏12. clear the forest=cut down trees 砍刀树木13. bird=food source14. decreased crop yield=diminishing food resources 产量下降15. accelerate=make situation worst 情况恶化16. require=need17. a lot of=a large number of18. pioneer=initiative 先锋先驱19. Europeans=outsiders20. feelings=emotions 情绪21. scrutiny=work out 仔细检查22. rewarding=satisfying23. motif=image24. need to be thoroughly tested=require further verification 仔细检查25. their place in history=cultural context26. accounts of... vary=doubt27. rather than=opposing剑11 test 31. land in=fell into2. devise=invent 发明3. be solely restricted to=only4. grow=produce5. be entitled to have clothes made of silk=were allowed to wear silk 允许6. a unit of currency=a form of7. indication of silk paper=evidence found of paper made from silk8. smuggle=hide 藏匿9. downfall=decline 下降10. few=most…only11. physiognomy=gesture=move12. attempt=purpose=order=effort 试图13. vary=define it differently 不同于14. affected=become sensitive to blue light15. tend to=likely 可能16. route=linear17. prepare=preparation15. overfeeding=eat more than they need 过度喂养19. resist distraction=ignore distraction20. eyesight=distance vision21. winter=frozen months22. narrow=only about 150 meters wide23. lack of mathematical knowledge=non-scientist24. not a typical book=differs from most books25. help=prepare me well26. accessible to everybody=anyone can understand27. suitable=it is with28. limited knowledge=common sense29. omit=leave out 省略30. carry out=perform 执行剑11 test 41. invent a term=coin a term 发明术语2. increase our knowledge=take our understanding further3. statistical concept=mathematical method4. apart=separate5. parts of our bodies=organs 器官6. show=present7. underestimate=overlook8. importance of film sound=contribution of sound to…film9. personality=character10. merge=similar11. banal=dull 无聊的12. audience reflection=audience response13. in absence=lack 缺少14. expect=anticipate15. compared to language, all other conventions pale in significance=most important16. incongruity=paradox=incompatible 不兼容矛盾性17. measly morsel of sound=a few sounds 一些18. estrangement=exotic=difference 疏远19. wonder=impressiveness20. don’t have to be genius=universal ability 普遍的能力21. absence of a sound=silence 沉默22. express sth specific=meaningful23. everything=fundamental24. sophistication=complex 复杂的25. simple=simplicity26. documentation of history=recording of events剑121. collaborate cooperative 合作2. group collective 集体的3. buyer purchaser 买家4. financial stake invest, risk sharing 出资5. study sign up for 报名6. will become prospective 未来的7. intend to set fire arson, arsonist 纵火8. definition articulate 清楚表述9. physical eye, pulse ,skin, blood 身体的10. intense active 强烈的11. produce reveal 产生，揭露12. precise exact, detailed 精确的13. participant subject 研究对象14. release production 释放，产生15. substance chemical 化学物质16. be linked with be associated with 与…相关17. prior to before，precede 在…之前18. expectation anticipate 期望19. delay refuse to give 拖延，拒绝给予20. music composition symphony 音乐作品21. cause arise from 导致，结果源于24. increase explode 激增25. minimal little 最少的26. farm animals livestock 家畜27. habitat hill 居住地，山地28. agriculture farming 农业29. extend spread 延伸，扩张30. commercial lucrative 获利丰厚的31. examination scrutiny 详细审查32. emphasis concentrate 重视33. financial remuneration, pay, bonus 报酬34. realignment change 重新排列35. affect spoil 影响，破坏36. produce manufacture 生产37. aid support 帮助，支持38. stop prevent 阻止，防止39. collect look for 搜寻40. feeling sense 知觉41. share exchange 分享，交换42. unusual individualism 个性43. create blast 创造出44. because thereby, therefore 因果45. enthusiasm be keen on 热衷于46. understand realize 意识到49. process stage 过程，阶段50. image picture 影像，图片51. negative consequences difficulties 负面后果52. superior better 优良的53. increase grow exponentially 快速增加54. were kept for act as 用作55. produce were processed into 生成56. habitat destruction destroyed the habitat 栖息地破环57. not native to the islands alien 外来的58. feed on prey on 捕食59. young tortoise baby tortoise 幼年乌龟60. conservation protect 保护61. bigger idea ambitious 有野心的62. plan work out 计划，制定出63. meet come across 遇到64. young juvenile 青少年65. the old a full grown… 中老年66. due to thanks to 由于，因为67. better improvement 改善68. losing their usefulness resistant to 抵抗性69. hot and damp warm and damp 温热潮湿的70. have an impact on lead to 影响71. growth expansion 增长，扩张74. mixture combination，hybrid 混合75. classify categories 分类76. geographically local and global scale 地理77. vary discrepancy 不符78. physical barrier a mountain 物理障碍，高山79. eradicate eliminate 根除，消除80. sharp points of tears tips for spears 矛的尖点81. 17 century 1623-1683 17 世纪82. use introduce 使用，引入83. avoid counter the effect 避免84. changes repeal 改变，废除85. law act 法律，法案86. nowadays today 当今，如今87. international global 国际的，全球的88. concern for environment green issue 关心环境89. an increased demand more popular 更受欢迎90. less expensive save cost 不贵91. variation swing，volatility 变化92. reduce mitigate, alleviate 减轻93. financial assistance subsidy 补贴94. help encourage 帮助，鼓励95. financial input invest, subscription 投资。