2015年高考英语阅读表达专项训练(十八)(含详解)
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山东省2015年高考阅读表达专项训练（十八）阅读下面的短文并用英语回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
AThe English are famous for their manners. The phrase, “Manners make the man” was coined by Englishman William of Wykeham back in 1324, but they’re just as important today. “Finishing schools” still exist to make sure that young girls become young “ladies”.The best example of English manners is in their mastery of the art of forming a queue. It is a popular joke in England to say, “if only queuing was an Olympic sport, we’d win very easy. ” No one knows exactly how and when it started, but queuing plays an important role there. School children are taught to queue for roll-call（点名）and lunch, and English people across the land form queues at shops, banks, cinemas and bus-stops every day.While many other nations are more direct in their communication, the English prefer a more indirect form of asking for things. For example, an American who wants to talk to a colleague might say, “Got a minute?”; however an English person will often use a more indirect means might of requesting the chat, “Sorry to trouble you, but would you p ossibly have a minute or so to have a quick chat if you don’t mind, please?”The English also love to apologize for things. As a matter of fact, no one seems to say “sorry” as much as the English: “Sorry I’m late. /Sorry I forgot to call you last night. /I’m sorry you didn’t get the e-mail. ” And so on. They also like to use “please” and “thank you” a lot. In a shop, they will say, “I’d like a packet of crisp, please. Thanks. ” British students thank their teachers, and bosses often thank their workers for doing their jobs.1. Why does “finishing schools” still exist to help young girls become “ladies”? (No morethan 15 words.)2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 imply? (No more than 10 words.)3. According to the passage, if Americans say “Waiter! Could I have another fork, please?”how will the English express such a meaning? (No more than 20 words.)4. What does the third paragraph tell us? (No more than 10 words.)5. What do you think of the manners of the English? (No more than 10 words.)1. Because the English mind their manners very much.推理判断题。
第一段开始提到英国人以讲究礼貌而闻名，“finishing schools” still exist to help young girls become ladies”是围绕它展开的一个例子。
2. The English are best at queuing.从第二段The best example of English manners is in their mastery of the art of forming a queue. 中我们可以得知答案。
3. Excuse me! I have to be a bother, but would you mind awfully changing this fork, please?从文章中得知，英国人非常讲究礼貌，从这个例子中可以看出For example, an American who wants to talk to a colleague might say, “Got a minute?”; however an English person will often use a more indirect means mi ght of requesting the chat, “Sorry to bother you, but would you possibly have a minute or so to have a quick chat if you don’t mind, please?”4. The English are famously polite when it comes to language.主旨大意题。
该段讲述的是在交际方面，通过具体的例子，以美国为对比，告诉我们在语言方面，英国人也是很有礼貌的。
5. 开放式问题。
BI’m a skeptic when it comes to the benefits of taking vitamins and other supplements. We swallow far more than any other country—yet we’re not the healthiest folks by far, nor do we live the longest.There’s more bad news for vitamin s this week: Turns out that taking folic acid（维生素B）and vitamin B12 supplements doesn’t prevent heart attacks or death, according to a major new study in the Journal of the American Medical Association. It was hoped they would, since the vitamins do reduce levels of homocysteine, an amino acid（氨基酸）that is higher in the blood of people who have a higher risk of heart disease. In fact, homocysteine was reduced 30 percent after one year of treatment in the participants who took both vitamins. But in the following three years, just as many vitamin takers died as those who didn’t take the vitamins. Even worse, the study was stopped early because another similar study suggested that there may be an increased risk of cancer from taking B vitamins.I had been taking a health-food store monster multivitamin （综合维生素剂）for months. Coincidentally, I had been experiencing some strange numbness in my legs that was starting to scare me. I remember sitting in a long meeting with my ankles crossed, and when I tried to stand up I crumpled on the floor and hit my chin on the glass coffee table because my leg had gone completely numb and worthless. As I sat there and shook my leg, I got that “pins and needles” feeling and soon was OK. But it scared me enough to make an appointment with a neurologist, who suggested an MRI to rule out multiple sclerosis, stroke, or a brain tumor（肿）.While I'll never know for sure if the vitamins caused my problem, many, many studies have reminded us t hat pill forms of vitamins and minerals don’t provide the same benefit as getting them from food. There’s a lot we don’t know about how the human body works. Until we know more, I’ m getting most of my vitamins from the farmer’s market.1.What’s t he best title of the passage? (No more than 10 words.)2. Why is the writer getting vitamins from food? (No more than 10 words.)3. Why do people take folic acid and vitamin B12 supplements ? (No more than 10 words.)4. What does the underlined word “skeptic”in Paragraph 1 mean? (No more tha n 5 words.)5. What do you think of the benefits of taking vitamins and other supplements? (No more than 20 words.)1. Some Bad News About Vitamins主旨大意题。
