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TaoismTaoism (or Daoism) is the English name referring to a variety of related Chinese philosophical traditions and concepts. These traditions influenced East Asia for over two thousand years and some have spread internationally. Taoist propriety and ethics emphasize the Three Jewels of the Tao; namely, compassion, moderation, and humility. Taoist thought focuses on wu wei (" action that does not involve struggle or excessive effort" ) spontaneity, humanism, and emptiness. Wu wei is often incorrectly translated as ("non-action") and this error has propagated widely as a result of translations made by academics who are non practising Taoists. An emphasis is placed on the link between people and nature. Taoism teaches that this link lessened the need for rules and order, and leads one to a better understanding of the world.The Chinese character 道, Tao (or Dao, depending on the romanisation scheme) means "path" or "way", but in Chinese religion and philosophy it has taken on more abstract meanings. Tao is rarely an object of worship, being treated more like the Indian concepts of atman and dharma. The word "Taoism" is usedto translate different Chinese terms. Daojiao/Taochiao (道教"teachings/religion of the Dao") refers to Daoism as a religion. Daojia/Taochia (道家"school of the Dao") refers to the studies of scholars, or "philosophical" Daoism. However, most scholars have abandoned the dichotomy of "religious" and "philosophical" Daoism.Most traditional Chinese Taoists are polytheistic. Nature and ancestor spirits are also common in popular Taoism. Organized Taoism distinguishes its ritual activity from that of the folk religion, which some professional Taoists (Daoshi) view as debased. This sort of shamanism is eschewed for an emphasis on internal alchemy among the "elite" Taoists.Chinese alchemy, astrology, cuisine, several Chinese martial arts, Chinese traditional medicine, fengshui, and many styles of qigong breath training disciplines are intertwined with Taoism throughout history.PrinciplesTaoist theology focuses on doctrines of wu wei ("action that does not involve struggle or excessive effort" ) , spontaneity, humanism, relativism and emptiness. This philosophical aspect of Taoism emphasizes various themes found in the Tao Te Ching (道德经) such as naturalness, vitality, peace, "yielding" (wu wei), emptiness (refinement), detachment, the strength of softness (or flexibility), and in the Zhuangzi such as receptiveness, spontaneity, the relativism of human ways of life, ways of speaking and guiding behavior. Taoism is a peaceful religion.HistoryTaoism's origins may be traced to prehistoric Chinese religions in China. They are found in the composition of the Tao Te Ching (3rd or 4th century BCE), or amidst the activity of Zhang Daoling (2nd century AD). Laozi received imperial recognition as a divinity in the mid second century CE. Taoism gained official status in China during the Tang Dynasty, whose emperors claimed Laozi as their relative. Several Song emperors, most notably Huizong, were active in promoting Taoism, collecting Taoist texts and publishingeditions of the Daozang. Aspects of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism were consciously synthesised in the Neo-Confucian school, which eventually became Imperial orthodoxy for state bureaucratic purposes. The Qing Dynasty, however, much favored Confucian classics and rejected Taoist works. During the eighteenth century, the imperial library was constituted, but excluded virtually all Taoist books. By the beginning of the twentieth century, Taoism had fallen so much from favor, that only one complete copy of the Daozang still remained, at the White Cloud Monastery in Beijing. Taoism is one of five religions recognised by the PRC, which insists on controlling its activities through a state bureaucracy (the China Taoist Association).。
道家介绍英语作文Daoism, also known as Taoism, is a philosophical and spiritual tradition that originated in ancient China. It is based on the teachings of Laozi, a legendary figure who is said to have written the Tao Te Ching, a foundational text of Daoist philosophy. Daoism emphasizes the concept of the Dao, which can be translated as "the Way" or "the Path." The Dao is often described as the underlying principle of the universe, the source of all things, and the ultimate reality.One of the key ideas in Daoism is the idea of wu wei, which can be translated as "non-action" or "effortless action." This concept suggests that one should live in harmony with the natural flow of the universe, rather than trying to force things to happen. By following the Dao and practicing wu wei, one can achieve a state of spontaneous and effortless action, free from the constraints of ego and desire.In addition to wu wei, Daoism also emphasizes the importance of simplicity, humility, and living in harmony with nature. Daoists often seek to cultivate a sense of inner peace and tranquility through practices such as meditation, qigong, and tai chi. These practices are designed to help individuals cultivatetheir vital energy, or qi, and achieve a state of balance and harmony between body, mind, and spirit.Another important aspect of Daoism is the belief in the interconnectedness of all things. Daoists see the world as a complex and interconnected web of relationships, where everything is interdependent and constantly in flux. This perspective encourages individuals to cultivate an attitude of compassion and empathy towards all living beings, and to strive for harmony and balance in all aspects of their lives.Daoism also includes a rich tradition of mythology, folklore, and symbolism, with a pantheon of deities, immortals, and legendary figures. These stories and symbols are often used to convey deeper philosophical truths and moral teachings, and to inspire individuals to seek wisdom, virtue, and enlightenment.Overall, Daoism is a profound and multifaceted tradition that offers a unique perspective on the nature of reality, the human condition, and the purpose of life. Its teachings continue to inspire and influence people around the world, offering a timeless message of peace, harmony, and spiritual fulfillment.。
Taoism is the native religion of China, it also be called Daoism or Taochiao.Taoism is China’s traditional philosophyRepresentativeThe primary religious figures in Taoism are Lao Tzu and Chuang Tzu, two scholars who dedicated their lives two balancing their inner spirits.道教最初的代表是老子和庄子，两位学者献身于平衡内在精神。
TotemThe most common graphic representation of Taoist theology is the circular Yin Yang figure. It represents the balance of opposites in the universe. When they are equally present, all is calm. When one is outweighed by the other, there is confusion and disarray. The Yin and Yang are a model that the faithful follow, an aid that allows each person to contemplate the state of his or her lives.道教理论的最普遍图形表示就是阴和阳循环的圆形图像。
它代表了宇宙中相反事物的平衡关系。
当它们都平等地呈现出来，所有一切都会平静。
当其中一个超过另一个的时候，就会出现混淆和混乱。
阴和阳是信徒追随的原型，有助于让一个人去凝视他或她的生命状态。
