English Phrasal Verb Dictionary

ForewordP hrasal verbs are key to a mastery of the English language. Like idioms. Their meanings are not always predictable, and they can prove difficult for learners of English as a foreign language. Wall Street English's Phrasal Verbs Dictionary contains 500 useful phrasal verbs. It is the perfect complement for students of English or professionals to improve knowledge of English.Clear layout, simple and straightforward definitions are especially written for English learners. Phrasal verbs in context : two examples of use per phrasal verb ( 1000 examples ). Providing students with frequently used expressions.T he lexicon, which makes up the main body of this dictionary, consists of 500 entries. It is arranged alphabetically by the verb of each phrasal verb.Each entry starts with a phrasal verb, followed by its definition and two example sentences of current usage.·phrasal verbabide by·definitionto obey a rule or law·example sentences◦People who refuse to abide by the law will be punished.◦He is reliable and will abide by his promise.abide byto obey a rule or law◎People who refuse to abide by the law will be punished.◎He is reliable and will abide by his promise.account forto give a reason or explanation for(st)◎He couldn't account for the missing money and the police were therefore called in. ◎When asked by his mother, Tommy couldn't account for the missing cakes.add up1.to calculate the total of several figures2.to make sense; to be credible◎If you add up all the money you spend on chocolate every month you'll be surprised.◎This budget doesn't add up and needs to be redone.aim for1.to work towards ( a goal )2.to go towards◎We all aim for happiness but sometimes it's easier said than done.◎Our company is aiming for an increase in turnover this year of 50%.allow forto consider additional, unforeseen factors◎You need to allow for traffic jams when traveling in rush hour.◎When planning one must allow for delays due to unforeseen circumstances. apply forto offer one's services for (a job, a vacancy...)◎I want to apply for a credit card.◎Don't apply for that job if you are not qualified.ask afterTo enquire about ( sb's health, or a piece of news)◎The student anxiously asked after her exam results but the teacher told her to wait. ◎My best friend asked after my mother who had just had an operation.ask forto request◎When I asked for a pay raise my boss said that the company had introduced a pay freeze.◎My sister asked me for a loan but I refused as she didn't pay me back last time. ask outto invite ( sb ) to go out◎I asked my teacher out to lunch as I was so happy with m exam results.◎I was worried when my best friend asked my girlfriend out to dinner.bank onto trust ( sb ), or to expect that ( st will happen )◎He is very trustworthy-you can bank on him keeping his word.◎Don't bank on passing your exam if you don't study hard.barge into suddenly intrude or interrupt◎My friend barged in on me when I was doing my homework and told him to go away.◎It's rude to barge in on people-knock on the door first.barge inbe againstto oppose ( st or sb)◎I am against tobacco companies as they sell harmful products.◎My brother is against me getting married-he says I am too young.be awayto have left one's residence temporarily◎My mother is away at the moment and will be back next Thursday.◎My cat missed me when I was away-she is so sweet.be backto have returned from somewhere◎My teacher is back at school today after three month's absence.◎Give me a call when you're back and we'll do lunch.be behindto be late ( with st)◎I am behind at the moment at work and can't spend time chatting.◎The post office is behind with the mail right now.be fed up ( with )to be tired ( of ); to be bored ( with )◎My boss is fed up with me bacause I am always behind.◎I am fed up with my boyfriend and am thinking of splitting up.be forto favor or agree with ( st or sb )◎I am for banning smoking in public areas as this will reduce passive smoking. ◎Most people in China are for policies to increase energy efficiency.be keen onto like; to have an interest in◎I am keen on English as it's essential nowadays in order to get a good job.◎My sister is keen on the piano but plays very badly.be on1.to be connected ( of a light, an electrical device...)2.to run according to schedule3.to be on duty◎The flight is on time today-that's surprise as it's usually late.◎On Monday I am on but on Tuesday I'm off.be out ofto have exhausted one's supply of◎We are out of milk and need to buy some more.◎The gas station is out of gas as there is a gas shortage.be overto have finished ( of a performance. event...)◎My lesson is over at nine pm and I can meet you at the bar after that.◎My girlfriend and I are over after three years together.be up againstto face a formidable problem◎We are up against some severe weather today and this will cause some delays. ◎Beijing is up against Shanghai football team next week.be up to1.to be doing [ ( often) st naughty ]2.to be fit for and equal to3.to be one's responsibility◎What are you up to today? I am free and wonder if we could meet.◎It's up to your what you do with your life but if you choose badly you will regret it later on.beat downto obtain a lower price by bargaining◎He wanted $700 for the painting but I beat him down to $500.◎When you go to a supermarket you can't usually beat down the price of items. become ofto have happened to ( sb or st )◎What became of David Beckham after he left Manchester United ?◎What becomes of the massive piles of rubbish after they are collected ?bend downto stoop◎I hurt my back when I bent down this morning and need to go to hospital.◎When people get old they sometimes find it difficult to bend down.black outto temporarily lose consciousness◎I blacked out after I was hit by the car and was rushed to hospital◎If you black out. it's wise to go to see a doctor and get yourself examined. blast offto leave the ground and rise into the air◎The rocket blasted off at six am from the space station in Florida.◎The missile exploded as it was blasting off but thankfully no one was injured. blow outto extinguish by blowing◎It's a good idea to blow candles out when you leave a room.◎The gas heater stopped working because someone blew out the ignition flame. blurt outto say suddenly◎Don't tell my mother any secrets unless you don't mind her blurting them out to everyone.◎I blurted out my bad exam results to my father as soon as I saw him.bounce backto become well and happy again ( after an illness or other setback )◎The stock market is weak now but it will bounce back.◎I am sick now but will hopefully bounce back soon and be back at work next week.bow outto leave or retire from an important position◎Some politicians never want to bow out but are often eventually forced to step down.◎My boss bowed out yesterday after 40 years at the company.branch outto diversity; to start a new line of business◎Many companies get into trouble when they branch out into areas outside theirexpertise.◎My father's business is branching out into selling cars not just repairing them. break away1.to break ties2.to detach or separate from◎Scotland will never break away from the UK as it is economically dependent on it. ◎Croatia was part of Yugoslavia until it broke away.break in( to )1.to interrupt2.to burglarize; to force one's way in( to )3.to tame◎It's very difficult to break in wild stallions but it can be done with patience.◎My home was broken into last year six times-I'm so fed up.break out1.to escape ( from captivity )2.to start or arise ( of war, a disease...)◎War broke out in Europe in 1939.◎ A violent criminal broke out of my local prison yesterday and everyone is on the lookout.break outbring aboutto cause to happen◎What brought about your change of mind?I thought you were totally set on going to America to study.◎Smoking doesn't bring about any health benefits.bring back1.to return2.to prompt recollections◎Please bring back my books as I need them for my forthcoming exam.◎Seeing my best friend after twenty years absence brought back many fond memories.bring down1.to carry downstairs2.to reduce in price3.to humble; to precipitate one's downfall◎Many banks have been brought down by poor management.◎I will buy your car if you bring the price down by at least 30%.bring offto accomplish successfully◎You did well to bring off such a great dinner party and I look forward to the next one!◎It takes a lot of patience, determination and hard work to bring off success in business.bring onto cause ( as a side-effect )◎Excess work can bring on stress and office workers need to relax.◎Smoking can bring on cancer and other diseases.bring out1.to emphasize ( a quality )2.to publish, to launch ( a product )◎Auto manufacturers regularly bring out new car models.◎Wearing pink brings out the color of my face.bring up1.to mention or touch on ( an issue )2.to raise or rear ( a child )3.to vomit◎I am eternally grateful to my parents for bringing me up so well.◎Don't bring up the stock market when you meet him or he will bore you for hours. brush asideto ignore; to take no notice of◎I told my cousin not to buy that coat but she brushed my advice aside.◎People who drink too much are brushing aside the health advice of doctors.build onto further develop or grow ( an idea, a project...) from an established base◎ A good education is the ideal foundation upon which to build a successful career. ◎We have made a lot of investment in brand awareness and we will build on this to increase out revenue and profits in future year.bump intoto met by chance◎I bumped into my old teacher this morning in the supermarket.◎I dislike bumping into ex-girlfriends-I never know what to say.bump offto murder; to kill◎He was bumped off for his money but the police caught the culprit.◎ A very evil doctor in England bumped off many of his patients.bump upto increase or raise ( prices, sales...)◎Many restaurants bump prices up at Chinese New Year.◎Excess demand is bumping up the price of gas.burn downto destroy by fire◎The new factory was burned down by terrorists.◎You shouldn't smoke in bed if you don't want to burn your home down.burn out1.to burn until nothing is left2.to tax one's nerves and health◎He left his job because he felt burnt out and needed a break.◎The candle burnt out after five hoursburst outto show emotions suddenly and forcefully◎Children are always bursting out with their ideas. They need to learn to hold their tongues!◎I burst out in the meeting at my boss and regretted it immediately.butt into interrupt ( a conversation )◎It's very rude to butt in on people when they are having a private conversation. ◎Children should not butt in when their teacher is talking as this is very rude. butter upto flatter◎My friend always butters me up before asking me for a loan.◎It's no use trying to butter him up-he won't change his mind.buzz offto ( tell sb to ) go away◎After I asked my father for a new bicycle he told me to buzz off.◎If you butt in on a private conversation you may very well be told to buzz off. call awayto call ( sb ) to another place◎The doctor was called away to an emergency twenty miles away◎I was called away form the meeting to deal with a customer.call back1.to call sb, asking them to return2.to return sb's telephone call; to telephone sb who has telephoned you earlier◎I called my sister back from meeting her old boyfriend.◎Please call me back when you have time as I have an urgent matter to discuss with you.call for1.to urge or demand ( action )2.to fetch ( sb )◎The government called for people to do more physical exercise.◎I called my local restaurant for a pizza and they delivered it with ten minutes.call in1.to visit ( informally )2.to make a stopover3.to hire ( the services of sb )◎If you have a problem with rats, you need to call in the experts.◎We called in on our grandparents on Sunday afternoon to have a chat with them. care for1.to look after2.to want; to feel like◎My sister cares for her kids very well. They are the light of her life!◎I don't care for ice cream in the winter as it shills me.carry on1.to perform ( an activity ) or manage ( a business)2.to continue ( doing st )3.to misbehave◎Even if you don's feel like it, you must persevere and carry on.◎WSE has carried on the business of English training for more than 35 years. carry out1.to conduct; to perform2.to put in practice; to implement◎The scientists have carried out a lot of research on how to cure cancer.◎We need to carry out out plan to increase revenue and reduce costs.carry throughto achieve or sustain ( often in the face of difficulty )◎Sometimes when one is sick or unhappy, it's only the love of our friends that carries us through.◎Yesterday was really tough and I needed a drink at the end of the day to carry me through.catch on1.to become popular ( of a trend, music...)2.to understand◎Wearing flares was a fashion that caught on in the 1960's but it's no longer popular.◎Sometimes it's difficult to catch on to what your teacher really means.catch up ( with)to manage to reach ( sb )◎I caught up with Tom in the car park and he gave me a life home.◎Andy runs so fast that no one in his class can catch up with him .cater forto provide a service for◎The business caters for high end customers who value service and quality.◎H&M caters for younger people in the clothing industry.chase upto inquire about or demand delivery of ( work, payments )◎My bank manager called me to chase up the lack of money in my account.◎We need to chase up the late delivery of the new printer.check into register one's arrival ( at a hotel, the airport )◎One should check in at the airport at least two hours before take-off.◎I checked into the Sheraton hotel for two weeks and they upgraded me for free into a larger room.check out1.to register one's departure ( at a hotel )2.to verify3.to have a look at◎Check out the latest song from Robbie Williams-it's great◎I checked out of the hotel at 3pm and proceeded to the airport.check upto verify; to make sure◎Check up on Bill please and see if he is working or playing.◎We need to check up on our customers more before we give them credit.cheer onto encourage by cheering◎We cheered on our school football team but they still lost.◎Most Chinese cheer Yao Ming on when he plays basketballcheer upto become or make happy◎Cheer up! You are healthy and have lots of friends-don't sulk all the time.◎ A cup of coffee cheers me up in the morning-I find it indispensable.chew overto meditate on; to think over.◎I had to chew the problem over for a few days before coming up with a solution. ◎Julia had to chew over her decision to resign before telling her boss.chop upto chop into small pieces◎I chopped up the carrots before boiling them for twenty minutes.◎One lettuce can be chopped up into thousands of pieces.clean out1.to clean thoroughly2.to divest ( sb ) of their money◎The stock market crash has really cleaned me out.◎The wardrobe needs to be cleaned out before the guests arrive for Christmas. clean upto clean and tidy◎my housekeepers a godsend. She cleans up every morning and evening.◎My mother asked me to clean myself up before having dinner as I was dirty from playing football.clear outto remove ( st ) by discarding it◎The rubbish needs to be cleared out of the car as the trunk is filthy.◎I cleared my desk out after being fired before leaving the office for good.clear up1.to tidy2.to clarify ( a misunderstanding...); to solve ( a mystery )3.to become fine ( of the weather )◎Children should learn to clear up after themselves.◎The weather has cleared up after two weeks of rain and fog.climb downto admit one's error ( in an argument)◎The company had to climb down from its decision to start a six-day working week. ◎The government climbed down from its decision to ban imports of American beef. clock into register one's arrival at work◎At our company, all staff have to clock in when we arrive at work.◎If we are late clocking in three times in a month we will be fined.clock outto register one's departure from work◎I forgot to clock out yesterday and as a result was fined 50 yuan.◎Staff must only clock themselves in and out. Those who clock others in will be given a warningclose downto close permanently◎Many factories have closed down recently due to bad economic conditions.◎My company closed down its London office to save cash.close up1.to close completely or permanently2.to move closer ( of people )◎Stalin's tomb has been closed up after being on display to the public for 50 years. ◎If you look at ants close up you can see how intricate their bodies are.cloud upto become increasingly more cloudy◎The sky has clouded up and it looks as it it might rain very soon.◎The economic environment is clouding up and growth may by low next year. clutch atto grasp desperately for something◎Desperate people will clutch at anything but in the end the inevitable happens◎Don't clutch at straws! Face up to the situation and find a solution.come aboutto happen◎I am not sure exactly how IBM came about to be such a big company.◎It's a miracle how my wife and I came about to me married.come across1.to find or meet by chance2.to make a particular impression◎I came across my mother in the supermarket by accident.◎He comes across as being a nasty man and I would avoid him if I were you.come acrosscome back1.to return2.to become fashionable again◎I will come back at five pm so please wait for me before stating the meeting. ◎Your coat is so old that it has gone out and come back into fashion.come down onto punish or scold◎My boss comes down hard on laziness and expects all staff to work conscientiously.◎Parents should come down on their children's naughtiness, otherwise they will never learn how to behave.come down withto contract or develop ( a disease )◎I am coming down with a cold and am feeling pretty dreadful right now.◎He is off work today because he has come down with the flu.come down withto contract or develop ( a disease )◎I am coming down with a cold and am feeling pretty dreadful right now.◎He is off work today because he has come down with the flu.come in1.to enter ( a room... )2.to become fashionable◎Please knock on the door before you come in, it's rude to barge in.◎Wearing ties came into fashion in the 1940's and has been popular ever since. come on1.to make progress2.to start ( of a storm. a movie )3.to encourage or hurry sb◎My English is coming on really well-it's due to the fact that practice everyday ◎The movie is coming on TV in five minutes-please hurry up washing the dishes and come and sit down.come out1.to appear2.to become known3.to yield as a result4.to be published◎I am looking forward to seeing the new Bond movie that comes out soon.◎My skin is coming out in red and white spots-I need to buy some cream. come out withto produce or explain ( an idea or suggestion...)◎Ford has come out with some great looking cars recently.◎His mother asked him to come out with her which is why he missed his maths class.come round1.to visit2.to regain consciousness◎Please come round and see us as soon as you have time available.◎He came round after the operation but couldn't speak for two days.come through1.to survive ( illness or other adversities )2.to be ready for collection ( of a bank transfer ...)◎He has come through a lot after being laid off and separating from his wife.◎The money has yet to come through to my account.come to1.to amount to ; to total2.to regain consciousness.◎Your total bill comes to a thousand dollars. would you like to pay in cash or witha credit card ?◎The boxer took a while to come to after being knocked out.come up againstbe faced with ( an obstacle )◎Life forces us to come up against many problems-it's par for the course.◎Friends will help us when we come up against bereavement.come up toto meet expected standards◎Your work comes up to company standards but doesn't exceed them.◎He was fired because his behavior didn't come up to standard.come up withto make a suggestion; to produce an idea◎Children often come up with many crazy plans.◎My boss gave me a bonus for coming up with a great way to reduce costs. consist into be the most essential task or part of ( st )◎The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity and ease of implementation.◎The weakness of the idea consists in its high cost and impracticality.consist ofto be made up of◎The human race consists of billions of people scattered all over the globe.◎The soup consists of water and vegetables, but doesn't contain any meat.cool downto become cool or calm◎After an argument people should cool down before deciding what to do.◎The weather is cooling down after a period of intense heat.count into include ( in a group...)◎Please count me in for our trip to the zoo-I love seeing all the animals.◎Don't count me in for going to the bar tonight as I'm too tired.count onto rely on; to trust◎One must be able to count on one's friends.◎I count on my wife for everything, she is indispensable.count outto exclude ( from a group...)◎Count me out please on this shopping trip-I'm so busy right now.◎If you count me out, I won't forgive you.cover upto conceal; to withhold information◎Children often try to cover up their mistakes but sometimes do this very badly. ◎The accountant was sent to prison for covering up sales and stealing the money. cross outto delete by writing a cross over ( st )◎Cross out the wrong answer, please and write in the correct one.◎You'd better cross out the last sentence in this paragraph as it doesn't make sense. crowd in ( to )to cram; to fill an area ( with lost of people )◎One hundred people crowded into the bar with barely room to move.◎My car can hold five people if you crowd in tightly.cry outto shout◎I cried out when I burnt my finger, but after I put cold water on it. it felt better. ◎My boss cried out at me because of my stupid mistake.cut down1.to fell; to level by cutting ( a tree...)2.to shorten ( a text...)◎The forest was cut down in order to build the new road.◎You should cut down on your smoking for health reasons.cut downcut into interrupt or intrude◎Children should not cut in on adult conversations as it's rude.◎I had to cut in on my boss's conversation because he had an urgent phone call. cut off1.to sever by cutting2.to disconnect or stop ( communications, flow )◎I cut the sleeves off my jumper because they were frayed.◎News from Iraq has been cut off due to the severe fighting.cut upto cut into small pieces◎Chop sticks are almost useless when one wants to cut food up.◎Children often find it difficult using knives an dorks to cup up food.dash off1.to leave hurriedly2.to write or sketch quickly and roughly◎I had to dash off from the meeting because of an emergency at home.◎My teacher wasn't happy with the essay I had dashed off and gave me a bad mark. deal outto distribute cards or other papers◎In casinos. croupies deal out the cards very professionally.◎I dealt out copies of the last meeting to all the staff involved.deal withto handle, to address ( an issue...)◎Life gives us a lot of difficult challenges that we must deal with.◎I am dealing with my naughty son now-it's a real headache.die away1.to grow fainter ( of a noise )2.to gradually disappear◎The noise of the engines died away as the airplane flew off.◎Most clothing fashions die away but some have staying powerdie offto gradually die or become extinct◎Pandas are in danger of dying off unless we do something drastic to save◎The company is dying off. It's been losing money for five years now.die outto become extinct◎Many animals have already died out.◎The practice of bowing has died out in China except on very special occasions. dine outto have dinner away from home◎Many people love to dine out with their spouse to celebrate important dates in their lives like birthdays and anniversaries.◎In a recession less people dine out due to its high cost.dispose ofto throw away or sell◎Many people dispose of litter by throwing it on the pavement.◎Please dispose of batteries by recycling them.do away withto remove; to stop using◎I am trying to do away with cigarettes but it's difficult.◎Many people have done away with faxes in favour of using email.do withoutto cease resorting to ; to deprive oneself of◎I can't do without a cup of coffee in the morning-it's indispensable.◎No one can do without love-not even those with the hardest of hearts.drag onto continue tediously◎The meeting dragged on for two hours but it seemed like two years.◎I hate films that drag on too long.draw asideto move to one side◎My boss drew me aside after the meeting for a private chat.◎One needs o draw aside luxuries from necessities in order to save money. draw backto retreat; to withdraw◎I drew back from asking for a pay rise because of the bad economic situation. ◎The army drew back from Iraq after sustaining heavy losses.draw nearto approach◎Christmas is drawing near and all the family are getting very excited.◎Children often get excited when their birthdays draw near.dream upto devise; to think up ( often, an impractical idea )◎Politicians are always dreaming up new policies.◎I have dreamt up a new idea where everyone will use water in their cars instead of gas.dress upto dress elegantly or for a special occasion◎People often used to dress up on Sundays but rarely do this now.◎When I meet my girlfriend I always dress up in order to look my best for her. drink upto drink all◎I drank up all my coffee and then left quickly as I was late for a meeting.◎She didn't like the wine and didn't drink it all up.drive away1.to expel; to repulse2.to depart in a motor vehicle◎The dogs when driven away from the baby by her mother.◎I cried when my grandparents drove away-it will be months before we meet again. drive outto expel◎Wars are often started when people are driven out of their homes.。

浅析英语短语动词的学习摘要：本文主要探讨英语中短语动词的学习问题，对短语动词进行了定义，介绍了短语动词的构成和语义，分析了短语动词是学习难点的原因，并就此提出了解决的策略。

关键词：短语动词小品词语义透明比喻性一、引言《新概念英语》的编写者l.g.alexander曾说，在英语中短语动词比普通的动词用得更为普遍。

例如，当有人敲门时我们更倾向于说come in而不是enter。

我们更倾向于说put out the fire/put the fire out，而不是extinguish the fire。

可见，短语动词在当代英语中的使用极为广泛，日常对话、英文书报、影视节目里，随时可以听到看到短语动词。

在笔者任教的民办高职院校，学生都要参加高等学校英语应用能力考试，短语动词是该考试必考的一个考点，通常出现在第二部分，即词汇和语法结构中，而短语动词也一直是学生英语学习过程中的一个难点。

二、短语动词的定义英语短语动词（phrasal verb）由动词加介词或副词或两者构成（有语言学家将介词和副词统称为小品词，即particle），是英语习语的一个重要类别，使用时相当于一个单词实义词，其作用和动词类似，有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。

短语动词在历史上曾被称为“separable verb”，“two-word verb”，“verb-particle combinations”，而后“phrasal verb”这一提法在大多数文献和语法教材中广为使用。

《钱伯斯英语短语动词词典》（chambers english dictionary of phrasal verbs）中对短语动词的定义为“a short two-word （or sometimes three word）phrase made up of a verb and an adverb（an adverbial particle） or a preposition”。

剑桥国际英语短语动词词典简体The Cambridge International English Phrasal Verb Dictionary: SimplifiedThe Cambridge International English Phrasal Verb Dictionary is a comprehensive reference guide that aims to provide learners of English with a clear and concise understanding of the most commonly used phrasal verbs in the English language. Phrasal verbs are a unique and often challenging aspect of the English language as they combine a verb with a preposition or adverb, creating a new meaning that is often difficult to deduce from the individual words.This dictionary is designed to be user-friendly and accessible to learners of all levels, from beginner to advanced. The entries are organized alphabetically by the main verb, making it easy for users to quickly locate the phrasal verb they are looking for. Each entry includes a clear definition of the phrasal verb, as well as examples of how it is used in context. The dictionary also provides information on the different meanings and uses of each phrasal verb, as well as any variations in spelling or pronunciation.One of the key features of this dictionary is its focus on simplifyingthe language used to explain the phrasal verbs. Many traditional dictionaries can be overwhelming for non-native speakers, as the explanations are often complex and dense. The Cambridge International English Phrasal Verb Dictionary, on the other hand, uses simple and straightforward language to ensure that the definitions are easy to understand and remember.Another notable aspect of this dictionary is its inclusion of common collocations and idiomatic expressions that feature the phrasal verbs. This is particularly useful for learners who are looking to improve their fluency and natural-sounding speech, as these expressions are often used in everyday conversation.The dictionary also includes a comprehensive introduction that provides an overview of the structure and function of phrasal verbs in the English language. This introduction covers topics such as the different types of phrasal verbs, the differences between transitive and intransitive phrasal verbs, and the importance of context in understanding their meaning.One of the key benefits of the Cambridge International English Phrasal Verb Dictionary is its ability to help learners of English improve their communication skills. Phrasal verbs are a ubiquitous feature of the English language, and mastering their use is essential for effective communication in a variety of contexts, from academicand professional settings to social and personal interactions.By providing a comprehensive and user-friendly reference guide, the dictionary helps learners to better understand the nuances of phrasal verbs and how to use them appropriately in their own speech and writing. This can be particularly beneficial for non-native speakers who may struggle with the complexity of the English language and the idiomatic nature of phrasal verbs.In addition to its practical applications, the Cambridge International English Phrasal Verb Dictionary also serves as a valuable resource for language educators and researchers. Teachers can use the dictionary to develop lesson plans and activities that focus on phrasal verbs, while linguists and language scholars can use it to further their understanding of this unique aspect of the English language.Overall, the Cambridge International English Phrasal Verb Dictionary is a valuable resource for anyone looking to improve their command of the English language. Its user-friendly design, comprehensive coverage, and focus on simplifying the language make it an essential tool for learners of all levels. Whether you are a student, a professional, or simply someone who loves the English language, this dictionary is sure to be a valuable addition to your linguistic toolkit.。

牛津英语短语词典The Oxford English Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs is an invaluable resource for anyone seeking to master the nuances of the English language. Phrasal verbs, a combination of a verb and a preposition or adverb, are a hallmark of English and can be particularly challenging for learners due to their idiomatic nature.This comprehensive dictionary provides a thorough exploration of phrasal verbs, ensuring that users understand not only their meanings but also their usage in various contexts. Entries are meticulously defined, and multiple examples of sentences are provided to illustrate the phrasal verbs in action. This approach helps demystify the often opaque nature of these expressions, making them more accessible to non-native speakers.One of the strengths of the Oxford English Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs is its commitment to clarity. Each entry is presented in a clear and concise manner, with the phrasal verb followed by its definition, pronunciation, and grammatical information. This structure facilitates quick reference and learning.Furthermore, the dictionary is updated regularly to reflect the evolving language, ensuring that it remains a current and relevant tool for language learners. Theinclusion of new and emerging phrasal verbs demonstrates thedictionary's commitment to staying at the forefront of linguistic trends.For those looking to enhance their English proficiency, the Oxford English Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs is anessential tool. It not only aids in the understanding of phrasal verbs but also enriches the user's overall language skills, enabling them to communicate with greater fluency and precision.。

Phrasal Verbs <Call>1.call at 访问，拜访某地2.call for 请求，要求去接某人，接走某人3.call in 召请，请来4.call on / upon 号召5.call on 拜访某人6.call out 大声呼喊，叫喊7.call up 给 ... 打电话使人想起，回忆起e across 遇见，发现e on / along 来吧，快点e at 袭击，向...扑来e back 回来，回到...来复活e down 从 ...下来e from 出生于e into use 使用起来e into being 形成，产生e into power 当权）e out (花）开放出版e to 来到，达到，结果是e up 走过来，走近/ 长出，发芽e upon 偶然碰上，遇到<Go>1.go ahead with 继续进行，推进，前进2.go ahead 取得进展3.go by 时间过去经过4.go down 下去，下沉5.go on 发生，进行，继续6.go on with 继续7.go out 灯，火熄灭8.go over 检查复习9.go through 穿过，通过仔细检查，查看10.go all out 全力以赴<Take>1.take away 带走，拿走2.take back 收回，带回，送回3.take down 拿下，记下4.take off 拿下，脱掉救起，营救起飞5.take out 取出带某人出去6.take place 发生举行，举办7.take up 从事某项活动，发展某种爱好占去地方，占去时间8.take a look at 看一看9.take a message for sb. 给某人捎个信10.take aim 瞄准11.take an active part in 积极参加12.take great trouble to do sth. 不辞劳苦地做某事13.take hold of 握住，抓住14.take it easy 别着急，别紧张15.take on a new look 呈现新面貌16.take one's place 替代某人17.take one's temperature 给某人量体温18.take one's turn 依照，轮流19.take sb./sth. by mistake 错拿某物，错认某人20.take sth. for granted 认为当然21.take the side of 支持<Put>1.put away 放好，受起来2.put down 扑灭，平息，镇压3.put off 延期，拖延4.put on 上演，穿戴5.put out 熄灭，扑灭，使...停止燃烧伸出，拿出6.put up 挂起，张贴举起，抬起建造，搭起7.put up with 忍受，容忍8.put into 使进入，输入9.put one's heart into 全神贯注于……之中<Make>1.make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）2.be made of 用某种原材料制成（后面跟原材料）3.be made from 用某种原材料制成（后面跟原材料）4.be made up of 由...组成，由...构成5.make up 化妆，打扮配制编造，虚构6.make up for 弥补，补充，补偿7.make full use of 充分利用8.make to one's own measure 照某人的尺寸去做9.make up my mind 下决心10.make fun of 取笑，嘲笑，和...开玩笑<Give>1.give away 赠送，给予2.give in 投降，让步，屈服3.give off 发出，放出4.give out 用完，耗尽5.give out 力竭6.give up 放弃辞去7.give a talk 演讲，作报告8.give lessons to 给……上课9.give sb. some advice on ... 给某人关于……的忠告<Do>1. do with sb. 与某人相处2. have something/nothing to do with sb./sth. 与某人（某事）有（没有）关系3. do with sth. 处理，处置4. do harm to 对...有害do good to 对...有益5. do well in 在...方面做得不错6. do wrong 做坏事，做错事7. do one's best 尽力8. do a good deed 做一件好事。

Phrasal Verbs（短语动词）1. 什么是短语动词短语动词（Phrasal Verbs）是由动词与一个或多个副词或介词组合而成的词组。

它们的意思往往与各个组成部分的字面意思不同，需要通过上下文来理解。

例如，“look up”表示查阅，而不是单纯的“看上去”和“向上看”的意思。

2. 短语动词的分类2.1 及物短语动词及物短语动词（Transitive Phrasal Verbs）后面可以跟一个宾语，宾语通常位于动词和副词或介词之间。

例如，“take off the jacket”（脱下夹克）中，“jacket”是宾语。

2.2 不及物短语动词不及物短语动词（Intransitive Phrasal Verbs）后面没有宾语，只能使用主语或上下文来理解意思。

例如，“wake up”（醒来）中，没有直接宾语。

2.3 及物/不及物短语动词有些短语动词既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，意思略有差异。

例如，“turn off”可表示关闭（及物动词），也可表示离开（不及物动词）。

3. 短语动词的衍生形式短语动词还可以衍生出其他形式，如名词、形容词和副词等。

常见的衍生形式有：3.1 名词短语动词可以通过添加后缀或改变词性来衍生出名词。

例如，“break up”（分手）可改为名词“breakup”（分手）。

3.2 形容词短语动词可以通过添加后缀或改变词性来衍生出形容词。

例如，“break down”（故障）可改为形容词“broken-down”（破烂的）。

3.3 副词短语动词可以通过添加后缀或改变词性来衍生出副词。

例如，“bring in”（引进）可改为副词“inward”（向内地）。

4. 短语动词的用法4.1 不分割的短语动词有些短语动词在使用时不能分割，即动词和副词/介词必须紧密结合，不能中间插入宾语。

例如，“put off”（推迟）不能写作“put the meeting off”。

4.2 可以分割的短语动词有些短语动词在使用时可以分割，宾语可以放在动词和副词/介词之间。

ESL Phrasal Verbs"Make" Phrasal Verbs - Definitionsmake up: to reconcile; when two people forgive each other after a fight or disagreement∙John and his wife had a big argument last night, but they eventually made up.∙You and Jessica need to make up. You shouldn’t let one argument ruin your friendship! make (x) up: to invent a story, to use your imagination to say something that isn’t true or real∙The two students got caught making out in the janitor’s closet at school.make (x) out: to be able to see something clearly∙This newspaper is too old. I can’t even make out what the headline says.∙This student’s writing is too small. Can you make this word out?∙I don’t have any more pens. You’ll have to make do with a pencil.∙My father lost his job last week. I guess we’ll just have to make do with less this Christmas. ----------------------------------make (A) into (B): to change one thing (A) into another thing (B)∙Julia went to the salon and got a complete makeover. I barely recognized her!∙On this TV show, they make over housewives to look like models!"Make" Phrasal Verbs - WorksheetFill in the blanks with the correct words to complete these “make” phrasal verbs.1. Mark: I wish we lived in a bigger house!Mom: Well, Mark. We can’t afford a bigger house right now. We’ll just have to ___make do ___________ with the house we have.2. Sarah and her boyfriend sat in the back of the movie theater and _____made out ______ during the whole movie. They wasted their money on a movie ticket, becausethey didn’t even see the movie!3. Ever since Anne had a baby, she hasn’t had time to buy clothes or worry abouther appearance. So I’m going to get her a _______make over________ for her birthday! 4. That’s it! You two have been fighting long enough! I want you both to sit in thisroom, and you can’t come out until you’ve _______made up________.5. Dad: Why don’t you want to throw away that old shirt?Jake: I’m going to cut off t he sleeves and _______make into _________ a tank top so Ican wear it this summer!6. Bernie Madoff was sent to jail, but not before he ________made over _______ millions of dollars and caused many people to lose their life savings7. An international team of archaeologists is working to _______make out ________ the words on the recently discovered stone tablet from Egypt.8. Bill: John said that his parents are going to give him a new car!Brian: Don’t listen to him. He’s always ___make_____ things ___up ____. You can’t believe anything he says.“Pull” Phrasal Verbs - Definitionspull ahead: to move in the lead, to move ahead of the other people (in a race or contest, for example)· The two drivers were neck in neck* for most of the race, and it wasn’t until the very end that one of them pulled ahead and won.pull for: to support or cheer for a person/team∙Most people were pulling for New Orleans to win the Super Bowl because they were the underdogs.∙Even though I don’t really care about the Winter Olympics, I’m pulling for Canada to beat the US in the hockey championship because I’m Canadian.pull (x) off: to accomplish something difficult∙I couldn’t believe it! New Orleans pulled off the upset and won the Super Bowl!∙Even though Canada was favored to beat the US, they weren’t able to pull it off and lost 2-1. pull (x) over: to drive your car to the side of the road and stop (when a police officer turns on his/her lights, for example)∙What’s that noise? Quick! Pull over! I think you have a flat tire!∙The cop pulled me over because my tail light was out.pull up: to drive your car (slowly) forward (when parking or stopping at a place, for example)∙You’re not in the parking space yet. You need to pull up a little more.∙If you don’t want to go inside the restaurant, you can just pull up to the drive-through window. pull yourself together!: to calm down and stop panicking (you say this when someone is crying, yelling, or very scared, for example)· I know you’re sad about breaking up with your girlfriend, but it’s already beenseveral weeks. You need to pull yourself together and get on with your life.There are plenty of fish in the sea!**neck in neck = tied, very close to each other*plenty of fish in the sea = many other suitable girlfriends/boyfriends“Pull” Phrasal Verbs – WorksheetFill in the blanks with the correct words to complete these “pull” phrasal verbs.1. Patrick (at a fast food restaurant): I’d like two hamburgers, medium fries, and asmall cola.Clerk: That’s two hamburgers, medium fries, and a small cola. Your total is$2.59. Please __________pull up_____ to the next window.2. Wendy: Good luck at the tennis tournament this afternoon. We’ll all be in thestands cheering and ________pulling for_______ you to win!3. Evan: You should slow down, Todd. There are a lot of police on this road. Youdon’t want to get ___pulled over____.4. Russia and Canada were tied in the Winter Olympics medal count with 20medals each. However, after winning the skiing event, Russia ______pull ahead_______ and now has 21.5. The Lakers were down by 20 points at the beginning of the fourth quarter, yetthey still managed to ______pull off_________ a victory, thanks to Kobe Bryant, who scored 16 points in just 3 minutes.6. Bill: Ahhhh! There’s a fire!!!!! Oh no!!!!! Wahhhhhh!!!!Jane: Hey! You’ve got to _______ pull yourself together_____________! If we panic, we’ll never getout of here. Quick, follow me out the fire escape!。