English Grammar(关系词)

哇！标准的主谓宾结构！
Idon’t knowwhat you are doing.
我不知道你在做什么
主谓宾语（从句）
看到从句别怕！其实从句就是一个数学公式！
What you are doing.
关系词（未知数）主语谓语
缺少什么？做什么？what就是宾语，替代宾语的，相同于未知数x!
X=a+b.
算出了x，就知道是什么了。
三、关于定语从句
定语从句分2种，一种是限制性的，一种是非限制性的。识别很简单，加逗号的，是非限制性的，不加逗号，是限制性的。一目了然！
什么叫限制性的！就是原来有一些，然后提出一些条件，剔除掉不合条件的，剩下一个或者若干符合条件的！所以限制性定语从句就相当于一个形容词！
I like flowers.
所有花你都喜欢。
X这里可能等于singing.。
扩展到状语从句，这个比较好懂。
I don’t know where you live
Where you live=your place
I don’t know your place.
可以地方可以是北京上海等等。
但是说your place往往费劲，不好表达，但是从句好表达，所以从句就流行啦！
二、句子成分
神马词可以当主语？
神马词可以当宾语？
神马词可以当宾补？
我们都知道，谓语都要求是动词，名词动用需要作家才可以！我们老老实实用动词做谓语！
主语可以：
a.名词，例如The book, My teachers, Datong, Tom等。
b.代词。例如He，I, They, This, That, those, these, Mine等。
这种结构太强大了，可以说，会说这种句型，就能搞定80%的英文句子！简直就是降龙十八掌！郭靖来了，也的立马跪了！莎士比亚见了，也得求你当他徒弟！

(完整word版)常用英语语法术语表English Grammar Glossary—常用英语语法术语表一语法：grammar句法：syntax词法:morphology结构：structure层次：rank句子：sentence从句：clause词组：phrase词类：part of speech单词:word实词：notional word虚词：structural word单纯词：simple word派生词：derivative复合词：compound词性:part of speech名词：noun专有名词：proper noun普通名词：common noun可数名词：countable noun不可数名词:uncountable noun抽象名词：abstract noun具体名词:concret noun物质名词：material noun集体名词:collective noun个体名词：individual noun介词:preposition连词：conjunction动词：verb主动词：main verb及物动词：transitive verb不及物动词:intransitive verb系动词：link verb助动词：auxiliary verb情态动词:modal verb规则动词:regular verb不规则动词：irregular verb短语动词：phrasal verb限定动词：finite verb非限定动词：infinite verb使役动词：causative verb感官动词：verb of senses动态动词：event verb静态动词：state verb感叹词：exclamation 形容词:adjective副词：adverb方式副词:adverb of manner程度副词：adverb of degree时间副词：adverb of time地点副词：adverb of place修饰性副词：adjunct连接性副词：conjunct疑问副词:interogative adverb关系副词：relative adverb代词：pronoun人称代词：personal pronoun物主代词：possesive pronoun反身代词:reflexive pronoun相互代词:reciprocal pronoun指示代词：demonstrative pronoun疑问代词：interrogative pronoun关系代词:relative pronoun不定代词：indefinite pronoun物主代词：possecive pronoun名词性物主代词:nominal possesivepronoun形容词性物主代词:adjectivalpossesive pronoun冠词:article定冠词：definite article不定冠词：indefinite article数词：numeral基数词:cardinal numeral序数词：ordinal numeral分数词:fractional numeral形式:form单数形式:singular form复数形式：plural form限定动词:finite verb form非限定动词：non—finite verb form原形：base form从句：clause从属句:subordinate clause并列句：coordinate clause名词从句：nominal clause定语从句：attributive clause状语从句：adverbial clause宾语从句：object clause主语从句:subject clause同位语从句：appositive clause时间状语从句：adverbial clause oftime地点状语从句：adverbial clause ofplace方式状语从句：adverbial clause ofmanner让步状语从句：adverbial clause ofconcession原因状语从句：adverbial clause ofcause结果状语从句：adverbial clause ofresult目的状语从句:adverbial clause ofpurpose条件状语从句：adverbial clause ofcondition真实条件状语从句：adverbial clauseof real condition非真实条件状语从句:adverbial clauseof unreal condition含蓄条件句：adverbial clause ofimplied condition错综条件句：adverbial clause of mixedcondition句子：sentence简单句:simple sentence并列句：compound sentence复合句：complex sentence并列复合句：compound complexsentence陈述句:declarative sentence疑问句：interrogative sentence一般疑问句：general question特殊疑问句:special question选择疑问句：alternative question附加疑问句:tag question反义疑问句：disjunctive question修辞疑问句：rhetorical question感叹疑问句:exclamatory question存在句：existential sentence肯定句:positive sentence基本句型：basic sentence pattern否定句：negative sentence祈使句：imperative sentence省略句:elliptical sentence感叹句：exclamatory sentence句子成分：members of sentences主语：subject谓语：predicate宾语:object(完整word版)常用英语语法术语表双宾语：dual object直接宾语：direct object间接宾语:indirect object复合宾语：complex object同源宾语：cognate object补语:complement主补：subject complement宾补:object complement表语：predicative定语:attribute同位语:appositive状语：adverbialEnglish Grammar Glossary-常用英语语法术语表二句法关系：syntatic relationship并列:coordinate从属：subordination修饰：modification前置修饰:pre—modification后置修饰：post-modification限制:restriction双重限制：double—restriction非限制：non-restriction数：number单数形式:singular form复数形式：plural form规则形式：regular form不规则形式：irregular form格：case普通格：common case所有格:possessive case主格：nominative case宾格：objective case性：gender阳性：masculine阴性：feminine通性：common中性：neuter人称:person第一人称：first person第二人称：second person第三人称：third person时态：tense过去将来时：past future tense过去将来进行时：past future continuous tense过去将来完成时：past future perfect tense一般现在时：present simple tense一般过去时：past simple tense一般将来时：future simple tense现在完成时:past perfect tense过去完成时:present perfect tense将来完成时：future perfect tense现在进行时:present continuous tense过去进行时：past continuous tense将来进行时：future continuous tense过去将来进行时：past futurecontinuous tense现在完成进行时：present perfectcontinuous tense过去完成进行时:past perfectcontinuous tense语态：voice主动语态：active voice被动语态：passive voice语气：mood陈述语气：indicative mood祈使语气：imperative mood虚拟语气:subjunctive mood否定：negation否定范围：scope of negation全部否定：full negation局部否定：partial negation转移否定：shift of negation语序：order自然语序：natural order倒装语序：inversion全部倒装：full inversion部分倒装：partial inversion引语：citation直接引语：direct speech间接引语：indirect speech自由直接引语：free direct speech自由间接引语:free indirect speech一致：agreement主谓一致：subject-predicateagreement语法一致：grammatical agreement概念一致：notional agreement就近原则：principle of proximity强调：emphasis重复：repetition语音：pronunciation语调：tone升调:rising tone降调：falling tone降升调:falling—rising tone文体：style正式文体：formal非正式文体：informal口语：spoken/oral English套语：formulistic expression英国英语：British English美国英语：American English用法:usage感情色彩:emotional coloring褒义：commendatory贬义：derogatory幽默：humorous讽刺：sarcastic挖苦：ironic。

先行词
时间状语 关系副词
定语从句
The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a
very difficult period of my life．
第一次见到纳尔逊· 曼德拉的时候是在
我一生中非常艰难的时期。
先行词 关系副词
地点状语
The school where I studied only two years
我祖父从前住的屋子离这儿不远。
The room is not far from here.
My grandfather once lived there.
The room where my grandfather once lived
关系副词 先行词
is not far from here.
定语从句
代词、分数词、数词等。 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single D person _____she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom turn to sb.for help 向某人寻求帮助
1.You saw the museum the other day. 2.We saw an exhibition in the museum the other day.
where= in which 3.He has left for Beijing,__________a meeting
will be held. which 4.He has left for Beijing,_________is the capital of China.

Basic English GrammarA. General terms:1. morphology 词法2. syntax 句法3. word 单词4. phrase 词组5. sentence 句子6. clause 从句7. main clause 主句8. part of speech 词性9. structure 结构B. Tenses 时态1. past future tense 过去将来时: would do2. past future continuous tense 过去将来进行时: would be doing3. past future perfect tense 过去将来完成时: would have done4. present simple tense 一般现在时: do (does)5. past simple tense 一般过去时: did6. future simple tense 一般将来时: will do7. present perfect tense 现在完成时: have done8. past perfect tense 过去完成时: had done9. future perfect tense 将来完成时: will have done10. present continuous tense 现在进行时: is (am, are) doing11. past continuous tense 过去进行时: was (were) doing12. future continuous tense 将来进行时: will be doing13. past future continuous tense 过去将来进行时: would be doing14. present perfect continuous tense 现在完成进行时: have been doing15. past perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时: had been doingC. Part of speech 词性1. notional word 实词(n. a. num. pro. v. ad.)2. structural word 虚词(prep. conj. art.)3. noun名词:proper noun 专有名词, common noun 普通名词, countable noun 可数名词, uncountable noun 不可数名词, abstract noun抽象名词, concrete noun 具体名词, material noun物质名词, collective noun集体名词4. verb动词:transitive verb及物动词, intransitive verb不及物动词, linking verb系动词, auxiliary verb助动词, modal verb情态动词, regular verb规则动词, irregular verb 不规则动词, phrasal verb短语动词5. preposition 介词6. conjunction连词7. adverb副词8. pronoun代词:personal pronoun人称代词, possessive pronoun物主代词, reflexive pronoun反身代词, demonstrative pronoun指示代词, interrogative pronoun疑问代词, relative pronoun关系代词, indefinite pronoun不定代词(all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no)9. article冠词:definite article定冠词, indefinite article不定冠词10. numeral数词:cardinal numeral基数词ordinal numeral序数词D. Forms形式1. singular form单数形式2. plural form复数形式3. non-finite verb forms非限定动词: infinitive不定式, participle分词(present participle, past participle), gerund 动名词E. Sentence句子1. simple sentence简单句2. compound sentence并列句3. complex sentence复合句4. declarative sentence陈述句5. interrogative sentence疑问句6.general question一般疑问句7. special question特殊疑问句8. alternative question选择疑问句9. tag question附加疑问句10. rhetorical question修辞疑问句11. existential sentence存在句12. positive sentence肯定句13. negative sentence否定句14. imperative sentence祈使句15. elliptical sentence省略句16. exclamatory sentence感叹句F. Elements of sentences句子成分1. subject主语2. predicate谓语3. object宾语4. dual object双宾语5. direct object直接宾语6. indirect object间接宾语7. complex object复合宾语8. complement补语9. subject complement主补10. object complement宾补11. predicative表语12. attribute定语13. appositive同位语14. adverbial状语G. Subordinate clause从属句1. nominal clause名词从句2. attributive clause定语从句3. object clause宾语从句 5. subject clause主语从句 6. appositive clause同位语从句adverbial clause状语从句10. adverbial clause of time时间状语从句11. adverbial clause of place地点状语从句12. adverbial clause of manner方式状语从句13. adverbial clause of concession让步状语从句14. adverbial clause of cause原因状语从句15. adverbial clause of result结果状语从句16. adverbial clause of purpose目的状语从句17. adverbial clause of condition条件状语从句18. adverbial clause of real condition真实条件状语从句19. adverbial clause of unreal condition非真实条件状语从句H. Syntactic relationship句法关系1. coordinate并列2. subordinate从属3. modification修饰4. 前置修饰pre-modification5. 后置修饰post-modification 7. 限制restriction 8. 非限制non-restrictionI. Number数1. singular form单数形式2. plural form复数形式3. regular form规则形式4. irregular form不规则形式J. Case格1. possessive case所有格2. nominative case主格3. objective case宾格K. Gender性1. masculine阳性2. feminine阴性3. neuter中性L. Person人称1. first person第一人称2. second person第二人称3. third person第三人称M. Voice语态1. active voice主动语态2. passive voice被动语态N. Mood语气1. indicative mood陈述语气2. imperative mood祈使语气3. subjunctive mood 虚拟语气O. Negation否定1. full negation全部否定2. partial negation局部否定P. Order语序1. natural order自然语序2. inversion倒装语序: full inversion全部倒装, partial inversion部分倒装Q. Speech引语1. direct speech直接引语2. indirect speech间接引语R. Agreement一致1. subject-predicate agreement主谓一致2. principle of proximity就近原则S. Emphasis强调1. repetition重复2. pronunciation语音3. tone语调4. rising tone升调5. falling tone降调6. falling-rising tone降升调T. Style文体1. formal正式文体2. informal非正式文体3. spoken/oral English口语4. British English英国英语5. American English美国英语6. usage用法U. Emotional coloring感情色彩1. commendatory褒义2. derogatory贬义3. humorous幽默4. sarcastic讽刺5. ironic挖苦。