中考英语复习语法专题 主谓一致和倒装句

专题十三倒装句和主谓一致1.定义：倒装句：倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。

分类：完全倒装和部分倒装主谓一致：谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致分类：语法一致：谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致意义一致：谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致就近一致：谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致思维导图：倒装句和主谓一致倒装句部分倒装so/neither/noronly＋状语, 位于句首否定意义的词位于句首not only...but (also) 连接连个句子完全倒装here/there等地点副词放在句首，且主语为名词主谓一致并列成分作主语特殊形式的名词作主语表数量意义的词作主语不定代词或其他作主语there be 句型句型结构there be 与have的区别就近原则1.倒装句a.部分倒装1.so/neither/nor引导的倒装句2.only＋状语, 位于句首,主句用部分倒装Eg. Only in this way, can they learn English well.3.否定词:never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely;表否定意义的介词短语: at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on nocondition 等置于句首时。

Eg. Not a single mistake did he make.4.not only…, but also…连接两个句子，且not only所在的句子位于句首，其所在的句子要用部分倒装。

Eg. Not only does he get up early, but he also goes to bed early.b.完全倒装表示地点的副词here, there 置于句首, 且主语是名词(不是代词) 时Eg. Here comes the bus.Here you are.2.主谓一致a.并列成分作主语3.there be句型典型例题总分：74分姓名：得分：1.单选题（每小题1分，共50分）（）1. -Last summer holiday, I didn't go anywhere. How boring!-________. But I'm going somewhere for a holiday this summer.A. Neither I didB. Neither did IC. So did ID. So I did （）2. -Tom hasn't gone back to his hometown for 10 years. - . It's a shameA. Neither do the SmithsB. Neither have the SmithsC. So have the Smiths （）3. Listen! ! Let's get into the classroom!A. There the bell goes!B. There goes the bell!C. The bell goes there!（）4. -Mike has lunch at school. - .A. So does TomB. So has TomC. So Tom hasD. So has Tom（）5. Hey, Nick. ______ comes the last bus! Hurry up, or we'll have to walk home.A. ThisB. ThereC. ThatD. It（）6. Only yesterday _______________ find out that his watch was lost.A. he couldB. he didC. did heD. does he（）8._________ he get up early, _______he also goes to bed early.A. Not only do; butB. Not only does; butC. Not only; butD. Not does; but does （）9. -Where's your sister?-Oh, she ________ the Laoshe Teahouse and ________.A. has been to; so Li Ming isB. has gone to; so Li Ming hasC. has gone to; so has Li MingD. has been in; so has Li Ming（）10. Don't worry. ___________A. Here the car comes.B. Here comes the car.C. Here the car is.D. The car here comes.（）11. If you don't go to the meeting tomorrow, ________.A. he won't, tooB. he won't, neitherC. neither does heD. neither will he （）12. Only by studying hard ________ improve her English soon.A. she canB. she didC. can sheD. did she（）13. in this shop can you buy this kind of shoes.A. JustB. StillC. YetD. Only（）14. -When some students throw rubbish in our classroom, I feel ____.- . It makes me want to tell them to clean up the classroom.A. angry; So do IB. uncomfortable; Neither I doC. anrily; So I doD. comfortable; Neither do I（）15. -Will you go to the party tomorrow?-If you go, ______. If you don't, _______.A. so will I, neither will IB. so do I, neither do IC. so I do, neither I doD. so I will, neither I will（）16. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.A. can be the patients treatedB. can the patients he treatedC. the patients can be treatedD. treated can be the patients（）17. On the top of the small hill , and it has a long history of more than four hundred years.A. stands an old templeB. an old temple standsC. does an old temple standD. an old temple does stand（）18. As your spoken English gets better, _______ your written English.A. so doesB. so willC. neither doesD. neither will（）19. Not a single song ____ at yesterday's party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. had she sung（）20. -He could hardly understand what was being read, _______?-__________ could I. But he thought his English was perfect.A. could he; NeitherB. can he; NorC. couldn't he; SoD. couldn't he; Neither（）21.-I'd love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework________.-If you don't go, _____ .A. to do; so do IB. to do; nor will IC. doing; so will ID. do; neither am I（）22.-My mother hardly watches any sports shows. -_________A. So do mine.B. So does mine.C. Neither do mine.D. Neither does mine.（）23. If you go to his party tomorrow, .A. won't, neither do IB. don't, neither will IC. don't, neither do ID. /, so do I（）24. -I couldn't work out the math problem.-________. I found ________ difficult for us to do it.A. So could I; thisB. Neither could I; itC. So can I; thatD. Neither I could; it（）25.Only _________ save his life.A. can the doctorB. the doctor canC. will the doctorD. could the doctor（）26. Jenny, together with the Greens the White Tower Park if it tomorrow.A. are going to; isn't rainyB. is going to; doesn't rainC. are going to; won't rainD. is going to; isn't rain（）27. The singer and the writer come to the meeting.A. hasB. isC. haveD. are（）28. Either the students or the teacher him very well.A. knowsB. to knowC. knowD. knew（）29. of the students in our class _____ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A. Two fifths, isB. Second fifths, areC. Second fifths, isD. Two fifths, are（）30.There a pen and two rulers on the desk.A. hasB. areC. haveD. is（）31. Listening to tapes _______ a good way to learn English.A. isB. areC. amD. be（）32. This museum ______ here for over 80 years. It ______one of the oldest buildings in this city.A. is; wasB. had been; isC. was; has beenD. has been; is（）33 .________green or ________in a light green room ________good for us.A. Wear, sleep, isB. Wearing, sleeping, areC. Wear, sleep, areD. Wearing, sleeping, is （）34. Running and swimming ____ good for you.A. beB. isC. areD. maybe（）35.-Betty, do you know if Tony _______ the photo competition?-He will, if he _______ his project on Australia.A. enters; finishesB. enters; will finishC. will enter; finishesD. will enter; will finish （）36. -The teacher told the students ________ the task in one day.-That's too long. I think four hours ________ enough.A. to finish; isB. to finish; areC. finish; isD. finish; are（）37.-Li Lei, you'd better go to bed early.-Ok, I'll go to bed as soon as I ______ my homework.A. will finishB. finishingC. finishD. finishes（）38.Twelve-year-olds ______ to have jobs in our country.A. is not allowedB. are allowedC. is allowedD. are not allowed（）39.________ the students in our school _______ over two thousand.A. The number of; isB. The number of; areC. A number of; isD. A number of; are （）40.- What kind of movies do you prefer?-I prefer the movies ________ me something to think about.A. that giveB. that givesC. what givesD. who gives（）41. -What _____ to your city in recent years?-Lots of wide roads, tall buildings and beautiful parks have been built.A. takes placeB. have happenedC. has happenedD. happened（）42.These CDs well, and they will soon.A. sell; sold outB. sell out; be soldC. sell; be sold outD. sold out; be sold（）43.-What does he look like?- He ______________ of medium height and he ______________ small eyes.A. has; hasB. is; isC. has; isD. is; has（）44.In our school library, there a number of books and the number of them _______ growing larger and larger,A. is; areB. has; isC. are; isD. have; are（）45. -There ______ a magic show next week. Would you like to go with me?-Sure, I'd love to.A. will haveB. isC. is going to haveD. is going to be（）46.All the club members _______ the floor when they heard someone _______ for help.A. swept; were shoutingB. swept; shoutedC. were sweeping; shoutingD. was sweeping; shouted（）47. As a result of the earthquake, two thirds of the buildings in the area .A. need repairingB. needs repairingC. needs to be repairedD. need to repair（）48.We all know that the Moon ________ around the Earth.A. is going to travelB. has travelledC. travelsD. travelled（）49.-What languages ______ in that country? -German and English.A. are speakingB. is spokenC. speakD. are spoken（）50. The girl, as well as her parents ________ to the park, and all of them ________ very happy.A. go; areB. goes; feelsC. went; areD. goes; feel2. 语法填空（共24题；共24分）1. I like teachers who________(be) always friendly, helpful and fair to each student.2. Li Lei is interested in English and he ________ (watch) BBC News every day.3. My mother with her friends often ________ (go) shopping on weekends.4. Both she and I________ (be) going to graduate this term.5. Millie said she ________ (visit) her grandparents the day after tomorrow.6.The wealthy girl looks beautiful. She ________ (dress) by a famous dressmaker.7. Mrs. Green ________ (choose) by the volunteer group last year.8. Everyone except Tom and John________(be) there when the meeting began.9.To my surprise, he ________（not realize）his mistakes yet.10. Don't worry. There ________(come) the bus.11. If Nancy ________ (pass) the exam, she will go to Australia for English study.12. Knowledge ________ (be) power.13. I had my finger cut when I ________ (divide) the watermelon into pieces.14. I'll ring you up as soon as I ________ (arrive) there tomorrow,15. Be quiet! A bird ________ (eat) something over there.16.-Could you tell me what you ________ (do) at this time last weekend?-I was studying for the exams.17. We Chinese ________ (encourage) by the touching documentary Amazing China.18. -Waiter, a glass of orange juice, please. -Sorry. Orange juice ________ (serve) only for breakfast.19.The mid-term exam is coming. The students each ________ (study) for the exam at present.20.Those dried flowers ________ (not sell) as well as the fresh ones.21.Every day the supermarket ________ (close) at 9:00 p. m.22.Ten kilometers ________ (seem) a long way for the old people to walk.23. 他不仅英语说得正确，还说得流利。

中考英语复习：主谓一致和倒装句从单项选择到书面表达，都可能涉及到主谓一致的题，是中考试卷必考题目。

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。

语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。

意义一致原则是主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致，即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；若主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。

就近一致原则也叫邻近原则，是指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。

倒装句因为与汉语语言习惯的不同和较多的句型结构而成为初中英语的难点，在中考试卷中也总有一定的比例，尤其在阅读理解和完形填空中对上下文的理解会有很大的影响，因此也是中考复习的重点。

语法一致原则谓语和主语通常从语法形式上取得一致，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也为复数形式。

如：The boy is clever enough to study maths well.这个男孩够聪明，可以把数学学好。

Everybody in my class tries to do well in English.我们班每个人都努力学好英语。

下列情况谓语动词只能用单数：1）不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：Water is very important to the trees.水对树来说非常重要。

2）动词不定式或者动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：To improve your English is the most important work.提高你的英语是最重要的工作。

Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。

中考英语专题—主谓一致、倒装句和简单句一主谓一致主谓一致就是说在一个英语的句子中，主语要和谓语在单复数形式上、语态和时态都要保持一致，主语是单数谓语就是单数，主语是复数谓语就是复数。

如何选择谓语动词使其和主语保持一致，在中考中常考的有四个原则：意义一致原则，就近原则，就远原则和一些其他原则。

1.意义一致原则：近年来中考加强了对英语理解和运用的考察，更加重视对句子意思的理解。

这一原则常需要通过理解句子的意思之后来判断主语是单数还是复数，进而再选择谓语动词的单复数形式，而要熟练掌握这一原则，需要同学们平时不断地积累和练习。

典型的有：(1) A number of students are reading books.这个句子中的主语“a number of students”一大群学生，是复数，a number of大量的，很多的，所以后面要用are；(2)The number of students in our school is 2000.这个句子中the number of什么东西的数量，主语说的是我们学校学生的数量，一个学校的学生数量只能有一个，所以是单数，后面要用is；(3) A pair of shoes is on the table，主语是一双，表示单数，要用is；若换成是two pair of shoes则是复数要用are，类似的还有a bottle of，a piece of 等等；(4)Each boy and each girl has a good teacher每个男孩和女孩都有一个好老师，在这个句子的动词是单数形式，同样的情况还有：every，every...and every....，each，each...each...，someone，somebody，anything，something，nothing，nobody等，遇到这些词汇的时候，谓语都是单数；(5)Either of us is doctor，表示两者中的任何一个都是医生，这里的动词也要用单数，同样的还有：either，neither，another，the other后面的谓语动词是单数。

人教版Go for it英语中考语法专题复习之主谓一致及倒装一．主谓一致的三个基本原则：A．语法一致。

1.一致原则：主单---谓单/ 主复---谓复的基本句子结构中。

2. 不一致原则：特例原则。

a. 不定代词（some, any, no，every/ body, one, thing, where）作主语时, 其谓语用_____。

b. 主语后面有with, as well as, like, except 等，其后的谓语动词用_____________。

B．意义一致。

指主语人称的单、复数变化根据其实际单复数内在含义决定。

例如，the police/ public/ staff…，the poor/ wounded…形式上是单数，其内含是指复数，故谓语用复数；然而news, politics…,表面是复数，实际上指单数，故其谓语用单数。

C．就近一致原则。

在一些固定句型中，如there be A and B，either A or B, neither A nor B, not only A but also B的结构作主语时，其谓语动词的单、复数由与动词最靠近的一项决定。

二．主谓一致的9种常考情形：1．表时间、数量、重量、价格、长度、运算公式等的词或词组作主语时，形式上它们是复数，但应该将其视作一个整体，即“三单”处理。

其谓语动词也相应使用单数形式。

例如，1). Three weeks _______ a short time.2). 47 and 23_______ 70.2．动词不定式、动名词、从句作主语时,其谓语动词也相应使用单数形式。

例如，1). To see_______ to believe.2). It_______ not easy for us to learn math well.3). It_______ true that dropping litter anywhere is not right.3．由and 连接的成分作主语时，要根据其实际含义来决定其谓语动词的单、复数。

专题15 主谓一致与倒装句☞考点解读主谓一致与倒装句是初中常见语法项目，时常出现在近几年中考试题中，题型以单项选择为主，在完形填空、句子翻译、句型转化及书面表达也有涉及。

考查以主谓一致的三大原则和常见的倒装句式为主，具体涉及以下考点：1. 主谓一致与倒装句基本概念的理解；2. 语法一致、意义一致及就近原则的具体运用；3.there be句型中的主谓一致问题及倒装现象；4. 常见倒装句式的运用及辨析。

☞知识梳理一、主谓一致在句子中，主语和谓语是句子的核心成分。

主语由具有名词性的词、短语或从句承担，有人称及数的变化；谓语由具有动词性的词、短语承担，常随主语的变化而变化，主语与谓语需在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，常遵循三个原则，即：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。

原则1. 语法一致语法一致是指主语与谓语在语法形式上要保持一致，即：主语单数形式，谓语单数形式；主语复数形式，谓语复数形式。

1. 一般情况下，可数名词的单数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用复数；不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。

例如：My brother is very tall. 我弟弟很高。

【经典例题1】Last Sunday my uncle ________________ at home with me. We were watching TV all day.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致及动词时态。

句意：上周日我和我的叔叔在家，我们一整天都在看电视。

时间状语Last Sunday常与一般过去时连用，谓语动词需用动词的过去式表示，排除C、D；uncle为可数名词单数，谓语动词也应使用单数形式，选A。

2. 连词and或both...and...连接两个名词或代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，谓语动词常用复数形式。

3.主语后接有with, along with, together with, except, but连接另一个主语时，谓I 保持一致）5.集体名词family, team, class, group作主语时，如果表示整体，谓语动词用单数；如果表示个体成员，谓语动词用复数。

例：My family is a small one with 3 people. 我家是一个三口之家的小家庭。

7. A pair of shoes is on the table. 一双鞋子在桌上。

（谓语动词用单数）Two pairs of shoes are on the table. 两双鞋子在桌上。

（谓语动词用复数）8. The teacher and writer is coming to our school. 那位老师兼作家将来我们学校。

（同一个人）The teacher and the writer are coming to our school. 那位老师和那位作家将来我们学校。

(两个人)9.以so, neither开头的倒装句例：Jim watched TV last night. So did I. 吉姆看了电视。

我也看了（提到吉姆和我2人）---- Jim watched TV last night.也没看。

12.表示“某个人有---”，用have, has例：They have some books. （主语不是第三人称单数，用have）特殊疑问句：What do they have? What does she have?主谓一致练习：1. There ________ a lot of rain in this area in August every year.A. isB. areC. wasD. were2. Some of my classmates ________ from other cities.A. comesB. isC. are3. A number of students ________ in the dinning hall.------Let me count. The number of the students ________ about 200.A. are, isB. is, areC. are, are4. Either Mary or he ________ going to Paris. Only one person may go there.A. areB. isC. was5. One of my friends ________ already moved to London.A. doB. doesC. haveD. has6. There _____ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me? ------All right, Mum.A. isB. areC. wasD. were7. How many countries ________ in Europe? ------I’m not sure.A. is itB. is thereC. are theyD. are there8. ________ a pen and two books on the desk.A. There areB. There isC. HaveD. Has9. There ________ some old people taking a walk in the park.A. isB. areC. hadD. have10. Not only Jim but also his sister ________ a few cities in the south since they came to China.A. will visitB. has visitedC. have visitedD. visited11. Both Lily and Lucy ________ to the party yesterday.A. invitedB. was invitedC. had invitedD. were invited12. Everyone except Tom and John ________ there when the meetingbegan.A. areB. isC. wasD. were13. When are you going to Beijing for your holidays?------I haven’t decided. ________ this Sunday ________ next Sunday is OK.A. Both, andB. Either, orC. Neither, norD. Not only, but also14. Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? ------I think ________ them are useful.A. either ofB. none ofC. both ofD. all of15. How many teachers are there in your school? ------About 200. One third of them ________ men teachers.A. haveB. hasC. areD. is16.China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang ________ Goodwill Ambassadors （亲善大使） for Shanghai.A. has been namedB. have been namedC. has namedD. have named17. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. ________ of them are the pride of China.A. BothB. NeitherC. AllD. None18. Listen! Someone ________ outside. A. sing B. sings C. is singing D. are singing19. It rained heavily this morning, but ________ of classmates were away from school.A. neitherB. noneC. allD. both20. A report says hundreds and thousands of trees ________ in the Amazon rainforest（亚马逊雨林） last year.A. was cut downB. have been cut downC. were cut downD. had been cut down21. Not only his parents but also his grandfather ________ to a lot of places of interest in our country since they came here.A. has goneB. has beenC. have goneD. have been22. ________ she or you going to Beijing next week?A. IsB. AreC. WasD. Were23. Three fourths of the earth ________ covered with water.A. areB. isC. wereD. being24. The mother with her little son ________ at my home on that snowy night.A. wereB. wasC. isD. are25. The singer and dancer ________ yet.A. don’t comeB. haven’t comeC. didn’t comeD. hasn’t come26. How many students are there in your school?------________ the students in our school ________ over two thousand.A. The number of, isB. The number of, areC. A number of, isD. A number of, are27. Swimming in the pool with the children ________ very interesting.A. hasB. haveC. areD. is28. Physics（物理） ________ my favorite subject.A. beB. isC. amD. are29. The paper for books and newspapers ________ made from wood.（木头）A. areB. isC. hasD. have倒装句练习：30.Do you think we’ll need a coffee pot（咖啡壶）?I don’t drink coffee, and _____. It’s not necessary. Why not a tea service（茶壶）?A. so do youB. neither you doC. so you doD. neither do you31. Jim wants to take part in the torch relay（火炬接力） of the 2008 Olympic Games.------________.A. So I doB. So do IC. Neither do ID. Nor do I32. Jim works hard at his Chinese and ________.A. so Lucy doesB. so is LucyC. so does LucyD. so Lucy is33. I am interested in science. What about you? ------________.A. So do IB. So am IC. So I am34.I’m going to an amusement par k. ------________.A. So am IB. so are youC. So you areD. So I am35. Jim is trying his best to learn Chinese Kungfu. ------________.A. So does MikeB. So is MikeC. So Mike doesD. So Mike is36.How well Anna dances! I can’t believe my eyes! ------________.A. So she doesB. So does sheC. Neither can sheD. So can I37. In recent（最近的） years, more and more Americans like traveling during holidays. ------________.A. So do we ChineseB. So will we ChineseC. So we Chinese doD. So we Chinese will38.Lily’s not visited many places of great interest in China. ________.A. So has her twin sisterB. Neither is her twin sisterC. Neither has her twin sisterD. So her twin sister has39.You’ve left the light on. ------________. I’ll go and turn it off.A. So I haveB. So do IC. Nor have ID. Neither I do40. David has made great progress recently.（近来） ------________, and ________.A. So he has, so have youB. So he has, so you haveC. So has he, so you haveD.So has he, so have you41.Mr. Watson won’t be here next week, and ________.A.neither will his wifeB. neither his wife won’tC. his wife won’t neitherD. hiswife will either主谓一致和倒装句答案：1到20题 ACABD ADBBB DCBCC BACBC21到40题 BABBD ADBBD BCBAB AACAA A。

中考英语专题复习之主谓一致和倒装句一、主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。

1.语法一致原则指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

a.单数名词、不定式、动名词、不定代词、从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；b.主语后接with,along with,as well as,including,besides,like,except,but等短语时，谓语动词的单复数只与介词前的名词有关。

c.常以复数形式出现的名词（shoes,clothes,glasses,gloves等）作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数，但这些名词前被a pair of修饰时，谓语动词需用单数。

d.a number of+名词复数(许多)，作主语，谓语用复数；the number of+名词复数（…的数量），作主语，谓语用单数。

e.the +形容词，表示一类人，作主语，谓语用复数；f.a lot of,lots of,plenty of+名词,分数/百分数+of+名词作主语,谓语动词与后面的名词保持一致；g.在定语从句中，关系代词that,who,which等作主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致；h.在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语保持一致；i.不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

j.and或both…and…连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

k.单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词作主语，谓语用复数形式。

2.意义一致原则指谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。

a.police,people等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；b.news,physics,maths以及以s结尾的书名、国名作主语时，谓语用单数；c.由and连接的两个名词作主语,指同一概念时,谓语用单数. The doctor and writer is very famous.d.书名、报纸名、国家等复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数；e.one and a half后接名词复数作主语时,谓语用单数；One and a half cakes is a good meal for him.f.表度量、价格、时间、长度的复数名词作主语时，通常被看做一个整体，谓语用单数。

专题十三主谓一致和倒装句Knowledge comb考点一：主谓一致(一)语法一致语法一致是指主语和谓语在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也必须采用复数形式。

1．以单数名词或代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

My brother is very tall.我弟弟很高。

2．主语为第三人称单数，或一些习惯用作单数名词或不可数名词的词，如money，information，clothing等，谓语动词用单数。

3．主语为单个的不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

Running is good for us.跑步对我们来说很有益处。

注：what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况下用单数形式，但如果表语是复数或what 从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词可以用复数形式。

4．由连词and或both...and连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。

Mike and Jack are good students.迈克和杰克是好学生。

注：如果and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。

由and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no，each，every，more than a/an，many a/an修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。

The writer and scientist has come. 这位作家兼科学家已经来了。

5．主语后跟with，along with，together with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，more than，besides，including等引起的短语，谓语动词的数由前面主语的单复数来决定，不受短语的影响。

Mr.Brown，together with his children，has come to China.布朗先生和他的孩子们一起来到了中国。

中考重点主谓一致与倒装句的转换中考重点：主谓一致与倒装句的转换一、主谓一致主谓一致是指在句子中主语与谓语动词在人称和数方面保持一致。

主谓一致的错误是中考中常见的语法错误之一。

下面以一些例子来说明主谓一致的用法。

1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词保持一致：- The girl sings every day.（主语是单数，谓语动词也是单数）- He runs in the park.（主语是单数，谓语动词也是单数）2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词保持一致：- The boys play soccer after school.（主语是复数，谓语动词也是复数）- They study hard for the exam.（主语是复数，谓语动词也是复数）3. 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加上-s、-es、-ies等变化：- She watches TV every evening.（主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词加上-s）- Tom teaches English at the university.（主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词不加-s）4. 当主语是不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式：- Water is important for our health.（主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式）- The information is useful in our research.（主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式）二、倒装句倒装句是指将句子的主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒，常用于强调句子中的某个部分或者表示某种情态。

下面以一些例子来说明倒装句的用法。

1. 将助动词或情态动词放在句首，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- Can you swim?（原句：You can swim.）- Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.（原句：I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.）2. 将表示地点的副词或介词短语放在句首，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- In the garden stood a tall tree.（原句：A tall tree stood in the garden.）- On the table lies a book.（原句：A book lies on the table.）3. 当句子以否定词开头时，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- Never have I been to Paris.（原句：I have never been to Paris.）- Under no circumstances should you give up.（原句：You should not give up under no circumstances.）4. 在某些特定句型中，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- Little did I know about his plan.（原句：I knew little about his plan.）- Not only does she study English, but she also learns French.（原句：She not only studies English, but she also learns French.）总结：中考重点在于理解和运用主谓一致和倒装句。

主谓一致和倒装句【考点 1】语法一致原则语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。

用法1. 不行数名词、 可数名词单数、 单数代词、 不定式 (短语 ) 、动名词 (短语 )、从句等用作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

2. 表示复数的名词、代词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

3. 表示重量、胸怀、时间、长度、价钱、数学运算 等的词或短语作主语时， 往常视为一个整体， 谓语动词用 单数形式。

即主语是单数形式， 谓语动词用单例句The girl is fond of singing. To protect the environment is our duty.Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.That he has won the game is known to us all.The students are having their math class.They have been to Qingdao twice.Two months is a long holiday.Two hundred dollars gives Jack much help.4. both and 连 接主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

5. 有些只有复数形式的名词 (如 glasses, shorts, trousers, jeans, shoes, clothes, gloves 等 )作主语时， 谓语动词用复数形式。

6. “a number of +复数名词 ”作主语，谓语动词用 复数 形式； “the number of +复数名词 ”作主语， 谓语动词用 单数 形式。

7. 不定代词 another, each one, either, neither, the other,somebody, someone, something, nobody, everybody, everyone, everything, nothing, anybody, anything, anyone, no one 等作主语时，谓语动词用 单数 形式。

(十三)主谓一致和倒装句主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，经常出现在近几年的中考试卷中。

考查重点是主谓一致：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，其中语法一致原则和就近一致原则是历年的考查热点。

从命题形式来看，主要以单项选择为主，在完形填空、句型转换和翻译句子中有时也会涉及此考点。

预计2016年主要考查主谓一致的基本用法，there be句型是考查的重点；倒装句主要考查so与neither引导的倒装句。

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。

语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。

意义一致原则是主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致，即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；若主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。

就近一致原则也叫邻近原则，是指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。

①语法一致原则使用情况例句“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句”等用作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

The girl is fond of singing.To protect the environment is our duty. Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.表示复数的名词、代词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

The students are having their math class. They have been to Qingdao twice.and连接主语时，如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物，谓语动词用复数形式；如果该并列主语指的是“同一个人或事物”(即and后面的名词前面没有冠词)，则谓语动词要用单数形式。

知识清单：常考知识点：一：语法一致原则：1．用and和both连接主语的时候，谓语动词用复数形式。

2．不定代词 either, neither, each one, the other, another, anybody, anyone, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone,everybody, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语的时候，谓语动词用单数形式。

3．由each, each……and, each…, every, every…and, every…作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

4．主语后面接有：with, along with, together with, as well as, no less than, more than, including, besides, like, except, but等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数由主语单复数形式决定。

5．“a number of +名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of + 名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

6．“a lot of (lots of, plenty of, a pile of, piles of, most of)+ 名词”和“百分数或分数+ 名词”等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词；若是不可数名词则用谓语动词单数形式；若是可数名词复数，则用谓语动词复数形式。

7．由“a pair (a kind, a series…)+ of + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs(kinds…)+ of + 复数名词”作主语时，位于动词用复数形式。

8．某些只有复数形式的名词 (如clothes, trousers, shorts, pants, shoes, gloves…)作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。