完整版现在完成时被动语态详解与练习附习题

（完整版）初中英语被动语态语法及练习题（有答案）语态概述1.一般现在时:am/is/are+spoken2. 一般过去时:was/were+spoken3. 一般将来时:will/shall be+spoken4. 现在进行时:am/is/are being+spoken5. 过去进行时:was/were being+spoken6. 现在完成时:have/has been+spoken7. 过去完成时:had been + spoken主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。

例如:All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由"情态动词+be+过去分词"构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后"to"仍要保留。

We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.特殊情况3. 主动表被动：1、Need, want, require（要求，需要）, deserve(应得，值得), be worth值得），not bear(经不住) 后面接doing主动表被动。

初中英语语法：被动语态用法全解及专项习题（附答案）被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world.English is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young主动语态变被动语态的变法：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。

注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

一般过去时被动语态基本句式(1) 肯定式:主语+ was /were +过去分词+by?It was made in Beijing Ren'ai Education Institute .(2) 否定式:主语+was /were + not +过去分词+ by?She was not given a paniting by him . This question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday .(3) 一般疑问句:Was /Were+主语+过去分词+by ?Was it made of bamboo?(4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑+was/were+过去分词+by?What was it made of ?特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。

（完整版）现在完成时被动语态详解与练习附习题现在完成时被动语态详解与练习附习题现在完成时被动语态讲与练一、现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态是高中语法时态和语态中的重要组成部分，也是高考经常考查的一项内容。

请先看下面几道高考题：1.1 can ' t see any coffee in this cupbo fe t京2。

5 春）A. Has it all been finishedB. Was it all finishedC. Has it all finishedD. Did it all finish2. Millions of pounds ' worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north ofEngland last night.（重庆2005）A. has been causedB. had been causedC. will be causedD. will have been caused3. More patients in hospital this year than last year. （江苏2004）A. treatedB. have treatedC. had been treatedD. have been treated4. —The window is dirty.—I know. It for weeks.（2004全国卷皿）A. hasn ' t cleanedB. didn ' t cleanC. wasn ' t cleanedD. hasn ' t been cleaned这几道高考题考查的都是现在完成时的被动语态，下面我们谈谈它的用法。

1）主动语态即主语为动作的执行者；被动语态即主语为动作的承受者。

现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示“…已经被……。

被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1．More than one worker ______ dismissed.A．have been B．areC．has been D．has【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。

句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。

如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。

2．—Are we about to having dinner?—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.A．serve B．is servingC．is being served D．has been serving【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。

句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。

it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。

3．(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow，when a coldfront________to arrive.A．will be expected B．is expectingC．expects D．is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。

句意为：预计将有一股冷锋到来，因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。

a cold front与expect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，expect是发生在现在的动作，要用一般现在时，故选D项。

答案：D4．The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A．elected B．settledC．developed D．contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。

被动语态讲解及练习一、主动语态与被动语态的概念：例：⑴ We listen to the teacher carefully in class.主谓宾T The teacher is listened to by us主谓介词短语⑵W e laughed at him .时态动词的被动形式例句般现在时is done He is asked to do this.一般过去时was done The story was told by her mother.般将来时will be done The problem will be discussed tomorrow. 现在进行时is being done The novel is being written.过去进行时was being done At that time the desk was being made.现在完成时has bee n done The house has bee n built.过去完成时had bee n doneThey said that their work had bee n finished.过去将来时would be doneHe said the trees would be pla ntedsoon.三、被动语态的各种句型：1、T he song is liked by young people.肯定句）2、T he song isn t liked by young people （否定句）3、Is the song liked by young people ? （一般疑问句）4、Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked?（特殊疑问句）He was laughed at by us.carefully in class.四、主动语态改被动语态的方法：方法分为三步：⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语⑵动词改为变动形式be done同时注意时态)⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by 后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要则省去例：The man killed a tiger.f A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)五、特殊句型的被动语态：1 含有使役动词(make /let /have)或感官动词(hear ,see, listen to ,look at find ,watch,feel等)的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to,但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。

被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。

一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态： am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态： was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态： will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态： am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态： have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词二．被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world English is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .三．主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。

注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

语态转换不被动语态的步骤1, 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2, 把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+过去分词"。

3, 原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。

被动语态讲解及练习答案Revised as of 23 November 2020T h e P a s s i v e V o i c e被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时2） has /have been done 现在完成时3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时4） was/were done 一般过去时5） had been done 过去完成时6） was/were being done 过去进行时7） shall/will be done 一般将来时8） should/would be done 过去将来时2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。

其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make,let以及感官动词see, watch,notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

被动语态讲解英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态A.主动语态表示主语是动作的 _______例：We planted the tree.B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的 _______例：The tree was planted by us.A school is built. (be done)一所学校将要被建。

将来时的被动这所学校正在被建进行时的被动这所学校已经被建成了完成时的被动儿童必须得到照顾。

情态动词+ be doneChildren must be taken good care of.了解被动语态:1.英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态2、形式:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时2） has /have been done 现在完成时3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时4） was/were done 一般过去时5） had been done 过去完成时6） was/were being done 过去进行时7） shall/will be done 一般将来时8） should/would be done 过去将来时9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）3、被动动态的使用：(1)不知道或没必要说出动作的执行者时，用被动语态。

(2)动作的承受者是谈话的中心时，用被动语态，可带by短语。

4、及物动词才有被动语态。

被动语态的主语大多数是物例：1.Bananas _________in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。

）2.Many more trees _____________in our school next year.（我们学校明年将种更多的树。

）3._______ the trees ________by him.这些树是他种的吗？4.Young trees _________________(必须照看好小树）5. The building____________ (那栋楼房正在建设中。

精心整理被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。

被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+动词的过去分词2.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词3.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+动词的过去分词4.一般将来时的被动语态：willbe+动词的过去分词5.现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+doing+动词的过去分词6.过去进行时的被动语态：was/were+doing+动词的过去分词7.现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+been+动词的过去分词8.过去完成时的被动语态：had+been+动词的过去分词9.过去将来时的被动语态：would/should+be+动词的过去分词二．被动语态的基本用法:(1)需要强调动作的承受者时TheGreatWallisenjoyedbymillionsofpeopleallovertheworldEnglishiswidelyspokenintheworldnow.(2)不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr.Wangisinvitedtothemeetingtoday.Theproblemisdealtwithnow.(3)当说话人需要强调客观时Itissaidthatshewasabeautywhenshewasyoung.三．主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变bedone,时不变，数格必须随被变。

注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

四、语态转换不被动语态的步骤1,把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2,把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+过去分词"。

3,原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。

现在完成时被动语态详解与练习附习题现在完成时被动语态讲与练一、现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态是高中语法时态和语态中的重要组成部分，也是高考经常考查的一项内容。

请先看下面几道高考题：1. I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard. (北京2005春)A. Has it all been finishedB. Was it all finishedC. Has it all finishedD. Did it all finish2. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.(重庆 2005)A. has been causedB. had been causedC. will be causedD. will have been caused3. More patients in hospital this year than last year. (江苏 2004)A. treatedB. have treatedC. had been treatedD. have been treated4. —The window is dirty.—I know. It for weeks.(2004全国卷Ⅲ)A. hasn’t cleanedB. didn’t cleanC. wasn’t cleanedD. hasn’t been cleaned这几道高考题考查的都是现在完成时的被动语态，下面我们谈谈它的用法。

1) 主动语态即主语为动作的执行者；被动语态即主语为动作的承受者。

现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示“……已经被……”。

如：The new school has been set up.新学校已经建成了。

被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式 , 表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系 , 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 , 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。

一．被动语态的时态：1. 一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are + 动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态： was /were + 动词的过去分词3. 一般将来时的被动语态： will be + 动词的过去分词； be going to be + 动词的过去分词4. 现在进行时的被动语态： am /is /are +being + 动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态： have /has +been + 动词的过去分词6. 情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 动词的过去分词二．被动语态的基本用法:(1)需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the worldEnglish is widely spoken in the world now.(2)不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3)当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .三．主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done , 时不变，数格必须随被变。

注： 1. 主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

语态转换不被动语态的步骤1, 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2, 把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+ 过去分词 " 。

3, 原来主动语态句子中的主语 , 如果需要就放在 by 的后面以它的宾格形式出现 ( 因为 by 是介词 , 后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。

中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）一.现在完成时的构成："have/ has+动词的过去分词”。

①肯定句主语+have/ has+动词的过去分词。

Though he has read the book three times, he hopes to read it again.尽管已经把这本书读了三遍，他仍希望再读一次。

②否定句:主语+have/ has+not+动词的过去分词。

You haven't been here for a long time.你已经很长时间没来这儿了。

③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词? Have they finished the work yet?他们已经完成这项工作了吗?二.现在完成时的用法(1)表示发生在过去的动作对现在仍有影响My father has gone to Shanghai. (表示人不在这里了)我爸爸去上海了。

I have already had supper. (表示现在不饿了)我已经吃过晚饭了。

(2 )表示从过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态He has lived here since 1970.他自从1970年以来一直住在这里。

My brother has been a soldier for two years.我哥哥已经参军两年了。

提示：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有alredy(已经),yet (还)，just (刚刚), never(从不),ever(曾经)，before (以前), recently（近来）, since then(从那时起)，since(自从),so far (到目前为止),for a long time（很长一段时间), in the past/last few years (在过/最近的几年里)等。

（完整版）被动语态讲解及练习（附答案）.doc被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。

以do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词 ) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2） has /have been done现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4） was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5） had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6） was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7） shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8） should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July.2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。

高考被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1．— Can we play basketball in the school gym?— No, it ______ during the summer holidays.A．is repaired B．is being repairedC．was repaired D．has been repaired【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。

句意：--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗？--不行，暑假期间操场正在被修葺。

根据句意可知，这里是表示正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。

主语it和动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。

故选B。

2．—Have you heard about that school bus accident?—Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________.A．were saved B．was savedC．have saved D．has been saved【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态和语态。

句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。

由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。

3．It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.A．is held B．has been heldC．will be held D．had been held【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查句式用法。

This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三…）次…。

一般来说，This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。

初中英语被动语态(知识点+练习题,含答案)语态是动词的一种形式，用于表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。

被动语态只能用于及物动词。

一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词二．被动语态的基本用法:1)需要强调动作的承受者时ns of people all over the world enjoy the Great Wall。

English is XXX.2)不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时XXX.The problem is being dealt with now.3)当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young.三．主动语态转被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done，时不变，数格必须随被变。

注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

语态转换为被动语态的步骤：1.将原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语。

2.将动词改为被动语态形式，即“be+过去分词”。

3.原来主动语态句子中的主语，如果需要，就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现（因为by是介词，后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语）以指明做事的人或物。

如果没有必要，可以省略。

4.其它成分不变。

5.被动语态中“by+宾语”的省略被动语态句式中的“by+宾语”表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者。

现在完成时被动语态专项练习李仕才1. No permission has for anybody to enter the building.A. been givenB. givenC. to giveD. be giving2. Until now, his homework has not finished.A. beingB. beC. beenD. to be3. The window .You need not wash it again.A. is washedB. was washedC. has been washedD. will be washed4. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ________ yet.A. are not decidedB. have not been decidedC. is not being decidedD. has not been decided5. This is Ted’s p hone. We miss him a lot. He ___ trying to save a child in the earthquake.A. killedB. is killedC. was killedD. was killing6. The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ___.A. was bookedB. had been bookedC. were bookedD. have been booked7. While shopping, people s ometimes can’t help ___ into buying so mething they don’t really need.A. to persuadedB. persuadingC. being persuadedD. be persuaded8. A new building ______ at t he other side of the street. Work started last yea r and the building is ex pected to open next year.A. is builtB. is being builtC. has builtD. will be built9. It is well-known to us that a lot of rivers ______ by the factories.A. are pollutingB. have been polluti ngC. are being pollutingD. are being polluted10. —Have you moved into the new house?—Not yet. The rooms ______.A. are being paintedB. are paintingC. are paintedD. are being painting二、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。

初中英语被动语态讲解、练习题及答案英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋p.p一般过去时：was／were＋p.p一般将来时：will／shall+ be＋p.p现在进行时：am／is／are being＋p.p 过去进行时：have／has being＋p.p现在完成时：have／has +been＋p.p过去完成时：had +been＋p.p过去将来时：would／should+ be＋p.p不用于被动语态的动词有些动词用于被动语态，如happen，cost，take，have (有)，own，possess, want 。

An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一起事故。

One should possess courage, determination and wisdom. 人要拥有勇气、决心和智慧。

动词的主动形式表示被动之意1）某些连系动词，如：look, feel, smell，sound, prove等。

The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。

Maria proves very patient and warm-hearted. 玛丽亚被证明很耐心、很热心。

2）表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”等某些属性的动词，虽然可以是及物动词，但这时用作不及物动词，如：close, open, move, read, write, sell, wash, clean,cut, run, ride, begin, end, lock, shut, draw,translate, burn, operate等。

（完整版）初中被动语态讲解及练习被动语态一、概念：语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。

语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。

二、主动句变为被动句的步骤：1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。

3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。

4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。

三、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词We clean our classroom every day.My mother asks me to study hard.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year.3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词There are two books to be read.There are twenty more trees to be planted.3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。