Unit 1 词汇讲解+配套习题【新教材】牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册

Unit1 Reading知识点精讲精练一、重点短语（reading部分）1. a sea of 大量的，大片的/alive with 充满，到处都是（活的或动的东西）【教材原句】Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animal s. (P2)[译文]欢迎来到亚马孙雨林，这是一片绿色的海洋，到处都可以听到动物发出的声音。

[功能注释]这是一个简单句。

a huge sea of gree n alive with the sounds of animals是the jungle 的同位语。

【边学边练】选择sea的相关短语填空(1)He was when he began his new job.(2)The ship hit an iceberg and buried .(3)Last Sunday, the students in class two .a sea of 大量的，大片的[常见搭配]at sea 在茫茫大海上all at sea 茫然不知所措by sea 经海路by the sea 在海边go to the sea 去海滨(度假或野餐)go to sea 去当水手【经典例句】He looked down and saw a sea of smiling faces.他往下看，看到一片笑脸。

I'm all at sea. I can' t understand that proble.我简直是一片茫然,我无法理解这个问题。

【边学边练】从右栏中选择适当填空(1)He was the only man .(2)The are more important to us than the dead.(3)My mother bought a fish this morning.alive with 充满，到处都是（活的或动的东西）[易混辨析]alive/live/livingaive:活着的,活的,其反义词为dead,指生命从奄奄一息到精力旺盛的各种状态。

Unit1 Reading知识点精讲精练一、重点短语（reading部分）1. a sea of 大量的，大片的/alive with 充满，到处都是（活的或动的东西）【教材原句】Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animal s. (P2)[译文]欢迎来到亚马孙雨林，这是一片绿色的海洋，到处都可以听到动物发出的声音。

[功能注释]这是一个简单句。

a huge sea of gree n alive with the sounds of animals是the jungle 的同位语。

【边学边练】选择sea的相关短语填空(1)He was when he began his new job.(2)The ship hit an iceberg and buried .(3)Last Sunday, the students in class two .a sea of 大量的，大片的[常见搭配]at sea 在茫茫大海上all at sea 茫然不知所措by sea 经海路by the sea 在海边go to the sea 去海滨(度假或野餐)go to sea 去当水手【经典例句】He looked down and saw a sea of smiling faces.他往下看，看到一片笑脸。

I'm all at sea. I can' t understand that proble.我简直是一片茫然,我无法理解这个问题。

【边学边练】从右栏中选择适当填空(1)He was the only man .(2)The are more important to us than the dead.(3)My mother bought a fish this morning.alive with 充满，到处都是（活的或动的东西）[易混辨析]alive/live/livingaive:活着的,活的,其反义词为dead,指生命从奄奄一息到精力旺盛的各种状态。

新译林Book3 Unit 1 词汇讲解1. harm n.&vt. 伤害，损害→harmful adj. 伤害的→harmless adj. 无害的(1). n. 伤害，损害。

常见搭配do sb./sth. harm 对某人/某物有害do harm to...对……有害There is no harm in doing sth=It is no harm to do sth 做某事是个好主意/没有坏处Excessive drinking will do you a lot of harm. 饮酒过度非常不利于健康。

The typhoon did great harm to the rice crop. 那次台风对稻谷的收成造成很大的损害。

(2).伤害；损害。

常见搭配：harm one's reputation/image 损害某人的声誉/形象What he did did harm to his image. 他的所作所为的确损害了他的形象。

归纳拓展:(1). harmful adj.有害的be harmful to对……有害(反义短语：be good for对……有好处)Your smoking can be harmful to the health of your children. 你吸烟对你的孩子们的健康有害。

(2). harmless adj.无害的be harmless to...对……无害(3). harmlessly ade.无害地；无恶意地巩固练习：1.单句语法填空(1). Staring at the screen of the computer for a long time will do harm ________ your eyes.(2). Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are ___________ (harm)to ocean animals.(3). The treatment did him more than good, though the doctor insisted it was __________ .(harm)2.一句多译:在强光下读书会对你的眼睛造成伤害。

新译林版必修三Unit 11.harm /hɑːm/ n. & vt. 伤害，损害(1)2.soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤；国土，领土，土地(1)3.ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统(2)4.overseas /ˌəʊvəˈsiːz/ adj. 海外的，国外的adv. 向（在）海外，向（在）国外(2)5.region /ˈriːdʒən/ n. 地区，区域；行政区(2)6.continent /ˈkɒntɪnənt/ n. 大陆，陆地；洲(2)lion /ˈmɪljən/ n. 一百万；许多，大量(2)8.length /leŋθ/ n. 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，（电影）片长(2)9.biodiversity /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ n. 生物多样性(2)10.species /ˈspiːʃiːz/ n. (pl. species) 种，物种(2)11.nut /nʌt/ n. 坚果(3)12.brazil nut 巴西坚果(3)13.lily /ˈlɪli/ n. 百合（花）(3)14.water lily 睡莲(3)15.variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体(3)16.wildlife /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ n. 野生动植物，野生生物(3)17.beneath /bɪˈniːθ/ prep. 在…下面，在…下方；配不上(3)18.mass /mæs/ n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群adj. 大批的，广泛的(3)19.towering /ˈtaʊərɪŋ/ adj. 高大的，高耸的；出色的(3)20.hardwood /ˈhɑːdwʊd/ n. 阔叶树；硬材（阔叶树的木材）(3)21.living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的n. 生计，谋生；生活方式(3)22.mammal /ˈmæml/ n. 哺乳动物(3)23.jaguar /ˈdʒæɡjuə(r)/ n. 美洲豹，美洲虎(3)24.survive /səˈvaɪv/ vi. 生存，存活vt. 幸存，幸免于难(3)25.frog /frɒɡ/ n. 蛙，青蛙(3)26.in turn 相应地，转而(3)27.insect /ˈɪnsekt/ n. 昆虫(3)28.microorganism /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈɔːgənɪzəm/ n. 微生物(3)29.break down 使分解（为），使变化（成）(3)30.nutrient /ˈnjuːtriənt/ n. 营养素，营养物(3)31.breathe life into 给…带来起色，注入活力(3)32.carbon /ˈkɑːbən/ n. 碳(3)33.oxygen /ˈɒksɪdʒən/ n. 氧，氧气(3)34.thus /ðʌs/ adv. 因此，从而；这样(3)35.disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ vi. 不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪(3)36.due /djuː/ to 由于，因为(3)37.agriculture /ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)/ n. 农业，农学(3)38.cattle /ˈkætl/ n. 牛(3)39.impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n. 影响，作用；撞击，冲撞/ɪmˈpækt/ vi. & vt. 有影响；冲击(3)40.extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ n. 灭绝，绝种(3)41.damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt. & n. 损害，伤害，损坏，破坏42.climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候；倾向，风气(5)43.build up 逐渐增加，扩大(5)44.global /ˈɡləʊbl/ adj. 全球的；全面的(6)45.greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/ n. 温室，暖房(6)46.gas /ɡæs/ n. 气体；煤气；汽油(6)47.drought /draʊt/ n. 旱灾，久旱(6)e up with 想出，想到(6)49.call for （公开）要求；需要(6)50.application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 应用，运用；申请(6)51.brochure /ˈbrəʊʃə(r)/ n. 小册子(6)anization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理(7)53.absolutely /ˈæbsəluːtli/ adv. 绝对地，完全地；极其(7)54.belt /belt/ n. 地带，地区；腰带；传送带(7)55.medal /ˈmedl/ n. 奖章，勋章(7)56.image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/ n. 形象；图像；意象(8)57.shark /ʃɑːk/ n. 鲨鱼(8)58.spring to mind 突然记起（或想到）(8)59.whale /weɪl/ n. 鲸(8)60.deer /dɪə(r)/ n. (pl. deer) 鹿(8)61.track /træk/ vt. & vi. 跟踪，追踪n. 足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线(8)62.habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n. 生活环境，栖息地(8)63.nowhere /ˈnəʊweə(r)/ adv. 无处，哪里都不(8)64.dolphin /ˈdɒlfɪn/ n. 海豚(8)65.resident /ˈrezɪdənt/ n. 居民，住户(11)66.chief /tʃiːf/ n. 首领，最高领导人adj. 主要的；首席的(11)mittee /kəˈmɪti/ n. 委员会(11)68.entirely /ɪnˈtaɪəli/ adv. 完全地，全部地，完整地(11)69.smog /smɒɡ/ n. 雾霾，烟雾(11)70.get rid /rɪd/ of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉(11)71.protest /prəˈtest/ vi. 反对，抗议vt. 坚持声称，申辩/ˈprəʊtest/ n. 抗议，反对(11)72.profit /ˈprɒfɪt/ n. 利润，收益；好处vi. & vt. 获益，得到好处(11)73.defence /dɪˈfens/ (AmE defense) n. 辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守(11)74.various /ˈveəriəs/ adj. 各种不同的，各种各样的(11)75.process /ˈprəʊses/ n. 过程，进程；步骤，流程vt. 加工，处理(11)76.economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的(12)77.policy /ˈpɒləsi/ n. 政策，方针；原则(12)78.branch /brɑːntʃ/ n.（政府或机构）部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支(12)79.strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略，行动计划；策划，部署(12)80.recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ vt. 回收利用，再利用(12)81.subway /ˈsʌbweɪ/ n. 地铁；地下人行道(12)82.former /ˈfɔːmə(r)/ adj. 昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的(12)83.official /əˈfɪʃl/ n. 官员，要员adj. 公务的；正式的，官方的(12)84.poverty /ˈpɒvəti/ n. 贫穷，贫困；贫乏(12)85.poison /ˈpɔɪzn/ vt. 污染；毒死，毒害n. 毒物，毒药(13)86.chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ n. 化学制品adj. 化学的；化学作用的(13)87.consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/ n. 结果，后果；重要性(13)88.give rise to 使发生（或存在）(13)89.further /ˈfɜːðə(r)/ adj. 更多的，更进一步的adv. 较远，更远；进一步。

选必3 Unit1Reading : Canada-a land of diversityCanada is like a blooming flower, unfolding with breathtaking beauty and richness to win the heart of those who enjoy what it has to offer. It is a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. It is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures.1.Canada is like a blooming flower, unfolding with breathtaking beauty and richness to win the heart of those who enjoy what it has to offer. It is a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. It is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures.加拿大就像一朵盛开的花朵，以令人叹为观止的美丽和丰富绽放着，以赢得那些享受它所提供的人的心。

这是一个从大西洋延伸到太平洋的广阔而美丽的国家。

它也是世界上种族最多样化的国家之一，拥有独特的文化。

In the ten provinces and three territories which make up Canada, there is great diversity in geography. To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water.Ancient,slow-moving glaciers hug the land and a huge variety of wildlife wanders the remote forests. The establishment of national parks makes many of these beautiful places protected areas for the public to visit and enjoy, such as Banff and Jasper National Parks. One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water rushing over its edge in a splendid display of sights and sounds.2.make up ≈consist of3.be home to...的家园4.high peaks and deep valleys高峰和深谷5.a huge variety of种类繁多的6.hug≈embrace7.unique scenic spot独特的景点8.mighty≈powerful（high and mighty 趾高气昂的）9.in a splendid display of sights and sounds声像结合的精彩呈现Apart from its geographical diversity, Canada's many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of its residents. Some of Canada's earliest settlers, who are thought to be ancestors of the indigenous peoples, crossed the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge from a place now known as Siberia. They settled on this vast land thousands of years ago.The first Europeans also started to settle in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago.Today Canada reflects a vast combination of ethnic backgrounds. About one out of five people in Canada's population is foreign-born.The major ethnic groups, for example, include the English, Scottish and French, while the minority groups include residents from Singapore and the Pacific Islands.10.indigenous≈native11.vast ≈large≈big12.a vast combination of ethnic backgrounds不同民族的巨大融合13.the minority groups少数民族群体This ethnic variety in turn brings about cultural diversity. Should you find yourself in one of these subcultures, languages, cuisine, architecture, art and music will define your encounter. For example, in Vancouver, a dynamic city with the highest percentage of Chinese Canadians in the country, you can participate in the celebrations of the Chinese New Year or you may take tea in the Dr Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden. In Montreal one of the largest French-speaking cities in the world, you can sample the food with a typical French flavor and see the original buildings in the French style of architecture. Finally, if you are looking for something off the beaten track, you may visit Cape Breton Island in the province Of Nova Scotia, where you can dance to fiddle tunes and enjoy the cultures and Traditions of Celtic settlers. As you are exposed to diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space. Given these cultural differences, it comes as no surprise that Canada has been celebrating Multiculturalism Day since 2002.14.cuisine≈cooking≈cookery15.dynamic≈active≈dynamic16.a typical French flavor典型的法国风味17.off the beaten track≈far≈out-of-the-way≈remote18.be exposed to暴露于19.given(介词)≈due to≈because of20.it comes as no surprise that≈no wonder thatFrom the towering mountain peaks to the depths of the forests to the urban centers,Canada's geographical wonders, ethnic groups and their cultures make it a unique place to live and visit.Indeed, it has been consistently ranked by the United Nations as one of the best countries to live in, and visitors are always welcome!21.From the towering mountain peaks to the depths of the forests to the urban centers,Canada's geographical wonders, ethnic groups and their cultures make it a unique place to live and visit..从高耸的山峰到森林深处再到城市中心，加拿大的地理奇观，民族及其文化使其成为一个独特的生活和游览之地。

牛津译林版必修第三册全册学案Unit 1 Nature in the balance .................................................................................................... - 1 - Unit 2 Natural disasters .......................................................................................................... - 34 - Unit 3 The world online .......................................................................................................... - 69 - Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world ............................................................................. - 107 -Unit 1 Nature in the balanceVocabulary and the whole unitⅠ.匹配词义A．单词匹配()1.soil A．n.昆虫()2.continent B．n.地区，区域；行政区()lion C．prep.在……下面，在……下方；配不上()4.species D．n.营养素，营养物()5.nutrient E．n.土壤；国土，领土，土地()6.wildlife F．n.种，物种()7.beneath G．n.野生动植物，野生生物()8.extinction H．n.大陆，陆地，洲()9.insect I．num.一百万；许多，大量()10.region J．n.灭绝，绝种[答案]1－5EHIFD6－10GCJABB.短语匹配()1.in turn A．逐渐增加，扩大()2.break down B．相应地，转而()3.breathe life into C．由于，因为()4.due to D．使分解(为)，使变化(成)()5.build up E．给……带来起色，注入活力()e up with F．摆脱，丢弃，扔掉()7.call for G．使发生(或存在)()8.spring to mind H．(公开)要求；需要()9.get rid of I．想出，想到()10.give rise to J．突然记起(或想到)[答案]1－5BDECA6－10IHJFGⅡ.默写单词1．harm n．& v t. 伤害，损害2．length n. 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长3．variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体4．survive v i. 生存，存活v t. 幸存，幸免于难5．thus ad v. 因此，从而；这样6．disappear v i. 不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪7．agriculture n. 农业，农学8．impact n. 影响，作用；撞击；冲撞v i.& v t. 有影响；冲击9．damage v t.& n. 损害，伤害，损坏，破坏10．climate n. 气候；倾向，风气Ⅰ.语境填空absolutely；defence；nowhere；protest；profit；various；recycle；belt；former；furtherWe have decided to take no further action.2．Students took to the streets to protest against the decision.3．The carpark was absolutely packed solid with people.4．There was nowhere for me to sit.5．Her father was the former editor of the Saturday Re v ie w.6．The company made a healthy profit on the deal.7．Tents come in various shapes and sizes.8．She is going to recycle useful rubbish.9．We live in the commuter belt．10．What points can be raised in defence of this argument.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．He has made it absolutely(absolute)clear so you must have understood.2．A tracker(track)is a person who can find people or wild animals by following their prints.3．They have driven the rhino to the edge of extinction(extinct).4．His application(apply)for membership of the organization was rejected.5．As babies，we rely entirely(entire)on others for food.6．He's the president of a large international organization(organize).7．There are conflicts between regional(region)and national interests.8．Some economic(economy)issues were discussed in the conference.9．The leaves of certain trees are poisonous(poison)to cattle.10．She earns her living (live)as a freelance journalist.1．With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。

【新教材】牛津译林版（2020）高中英语选择性必修第三册词汇表unit 1*blooming/ˈbluːmɪŋ/ adj.盛开的，开花的(2)unfold/ʌnˈfəʊld/ vi. & vt.开花；展开，打开；展示，展现(2)*ethnically/ˈeθnɪkli/ adv.从种族上(2)distinct/dɪˈstɪŋkt/ adj.截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的(2)territory/ˈterətri/ n.（加拿大）地区；领土，领地；领域(2)valley/ˈvæli/ n.山谷，溪谷(2)carve/kɑːv/ vt.侵蚀，冲刷；雕，刻(2)*glacier/ˈɡlæsiə(r)/ n.冰川(2)mighty/ˈmaɪti/ adj.巨大的，非凡的；强而有力的(2)splendid/ˈsplendɪd/ adj.壮丽的，雄伟的；极佳的，非常好的(2) apartfrom除了…外（还），此外；除了…外（都），要不是(2)urban/ˈɜːbən/ adj.城市的，城镇的(2)ancestor/ˈænsestə(r)/ n.祖宗，祖先；原种(2)*indigenous/ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/ adj.本地的，土生土长的(2)strait/streɪt/ n.海峡，水道(2)minority/maɪˈnɒrəti/ n.少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人(3) cuisine/kwɪˈziːn/ n.烹饪，风味；饭菜，菜肴(3)dynamic/daɪˈnæmɪk/ adj.（事物）有活力的；动态的，发展变化的；充满活力的(3)sample/ˈsɑːmpl/ vt.尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验n.样本，样品；取样(3)off the beaten track不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远(3)*fiddle/ˈfɪdl/ n.小提琴(3)*Celtic/ˈkeltɪk/ adj.凯尔特人的，凯尔特语的(3)come as no surprise不足为奇，毫不奇怪(3)depth/depθ/ n.最深处；深（度）；深刻；深厚(3) suburb/ˈsʌbɜːb/ n.郊区，城外(5)botanical/bəˈtænɪkl/ adj.植物学的(5)*Clovis/ˈkləʊvɪs/ adj.克洛维斯的(5)blanket/ˈblæŋkɪt/ n.厚层；毛毯(5)*hockey/ˈhɒki/ n.冰球运动，冰上曲棍球；曲棍球(5) niece/niːs/ n.侄女，外甥女(5)welfare/ˈwelfeə(r)/ n.幸福，福祉；福利(6) accommodation/əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/ n.住处(6)surrounding/səˈraʊndɪŋ/ adj.周围的，附近的(6)harmony/ˈhɑːməni/ n.融洽，和睦；和谐(6)sustain/səˈsteɪn/ vt.使保持，使稳定持续；维持(6) manner/ˈmænə(r)/ n.方式，方法；举止；礼貌(7) consumption/kənˈsʌmpʃn/ n.消耗，消耗量；消费(7) church/tʃɜːtʃ/ n.教堂；礼拜(7)comedown to可归结为，可归纳为(7)*code/kəʊd/ n.行为规范，道德准则；法规，法典；密码(7) dress code着装规定(7)item/ˈaɪtəm/ n.一件商品（或物品）；项目(7)elegant/ˈelɪɡənt/ adj.雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的(9) make one’s way to去，前往(9)statue/ˈstætʃuː/ n.雕像，雕塑(9)*souvenir/ˌsuːvəˈnɪə(r)/ n.纪念物，纪念品(9)antique/ænˈtiːk/ n.文物，古董adj.古老的，古董的(9)vase/vɑːz/ n.花瓶，装饰瓶(9)furniture/ˈfɜːnɪtʃə(r)/ n.家具(9)*dune/djuːn/ n.沙丘(11)goat/ɡəʊt/ n.山羊(11)resolution/ˌrezəˈluːʃn/ n.决心，决定；决议；解决(11)grain/ɡreɪn/ n.细粒，颗粒；谷物(11)beatdown（阳光）强烈照射，曝晒(11)contrast/kənˈtrɑːst/ vi.形成对比vt.对比，对照/ˈkɒntrɑːst/n.差异，差别；对照物(11)ray/reɪ/ n.光线，射线(11)camel/ˈkæml/ n.骆驼(11)chew/tʃuː/ vi. & vt.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬住(11)starve/stɑːv/ vi. & vt.（使）饿死，（使）挨饿(11)barbecue/ˈbɑːbɪkjuː/ n.烤架；户外烧烤(11)departure/dɪˈpɑːtʃə(r)/ n.离开，起程(12)mud/mʌd/ n.泥，淤泥(12)border/ˈbɔːdə(r)/ n.国界，边界vi. & vt.与…接壤(12)parking/ˈpɑːkɪŋ/ n.停车；停车位(12)*hut/hʌt/ n.（简陋的）小屋，棚屋(12)brick/brɪk/ n.砖块；积木(12)*dot/dɒt/ vt.遍布；使布满，点缀；加点n.点(12)*flap/flæp/ vi. & vt.拍打，摆动；振翅(12)ham/hæm/ n.火腿，火腿肉(12)sausage/ˈsɒsɪdʒ/ n.香肠，腊肠(12)bunch/bʌntʃ/ n.串，束；大量(12)fetch/fetʃ/ vt.（去）拿来，（去）请来(12)possession/pəˈzeʃn/ n.私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有(12) intently/ɪnˈtentli/ adv.热切地，专注地(12)hike/haɪk/ n.远足，徒步旅行vi. & vt.去…远足，做徒步旅行(13) awesome/ˈɔːsəm/ adj.令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的；很好的(13)liquid/ˈlɪkwɪd/ adj.液体的，液态的n.液体(13)*Arctic/ˈɑːktɪk/ adj.北极的n.北极，北极地区(13)fox/fɒks/ n.狐狸；狡猾的人(13)polar/ˈpəʊlə(r)/ adj.极地的；完全相反的(13)delicacy/ˈdelɪkəsi/ n.佳肴；谨慎；敏感(13)lamb/læm/ n.羊羔肉；羔羊(13)Unit 2astronaut/ˈæstrənɔːt/ n.宇航员，航天员(16)gravity /ˈɡrævəti/n.重力，地球引力；严重性；严肃(16)absence/ˈæbsəns/ n.缺乏，不存在；缺席(16)*float/fləʊt/ vi.飘动，漂流；浮vt.使浮动，使漂流(16)cupboard/ˈkʌbəd/ n.壁橱；橱柜，衣柜(16)ceiling/ˈsiːlɪŋ/ n.天花板；上限(16)bother/ˈbɒðə(r)/ vt.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力（做某事）；打扰vi.花费时间精力（做某事）n.麻烦，困难(16)occupy/ˈɒkjupaɪ/ vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于(16) mission/ˈmɪʃn/ n.任务；使命，天职；军事行动；太空飞行任务(16) evaluate/ɪˈvæljueɪt/ vt.评估，估计，评价(16)creature/ˈkriːtʃə(r)/ n.动物，生物；人(16)mosquito/məˈskiːtəʊ/ n. (pl. mosquitoes or mosquitos)蚊子(16) microscope/ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp/ n.显微镜(16)castnew light on使…进一步了解(16)maintenance/ˈmeɪntənəns/ n.维护，保养；维持，保持(16) circumstance/ˈsɜːkəmstəns/ n.条件，状况；境况，（尤指）经济状况(17)in the circumstances在这种情况下，既然如此(17)exposure/ɪkˈspəʊʒə(r)/ n.面临，遭受；揭露；报道(17)radiation/ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn/ n.辐射，放射线(17)visible/ˈvɪzəbl/ adj.看得见的；明显的(17)in view of鉴于，考虑到(17)luxury/ˈlʌkʃəri/ n.不常有的乐趣（或享受）；奢侈品(17)tube/tjuːb/ n.管，管子；软管(17)furthermore/ˌfɜːðəˈmɔː(r)/ adv.此外，再者(17)pill/pɪl/ n.药丸，药片(17)vital/ˈvaɪtl/ adj.必不可少的，对…极重要的；维持生命所必需的(17) discipline/ˈdɪsəplɪn/ vt.严格要求（自己）；惩罚；训练n.训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力(17)leisure/ˈleʒə(r)/ n.闲暇，空闲(17)crew/kruː/ n.全体工作人员；全体乘务人员，全体船员；专业团队(17) permanent/ˈpɜːmənənt/ adj.永久的，永恒的(19)altogether/ˌɔːltəˈɡeðə(r)/ adv.完全；总共；总之(19)kit/kɪt/ n.成套设备，成套工具；配套元件(19)telescope/ˈtelɪskəʊp/ n.望远镜(20)universe/ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/ n.宇宙，天地万物(20)crucial/ˈkruːʃl/ adj.至关重要的，关键性的(20)orbit/ˈɔːbɪt/ vt. & vi.围绕…运动，沿轨道运行n.（天体等运行的）轨道(20)astronomer/əˈstrɒnəmə(r)/ n.天文学家(20)merely/ˈmɪəli/ adv.仅仅，只不过(20)administration /ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn/n.行政部门；管理，行政(21)agency/ˈeɪdʒənsi/ n.机构；代理处(21)comprise/kəmˈpraɪz/ vt.包括，包含；组成，构成(21)*scan/skæn/ vt. & vi.扫描；细看；浏览n.扫描检查；快速查阅(21) plain to see显而易见的(21)foundation/faʊnˈdeɪʃn/ n.基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会(21)lay the foundation for为…打下基础(21)purse/pɜːs/ n.资金，财源；钱包(25)tale/teɪl/ n.故事；讲述，叙述(25)origin/ˈɒrɪdʒɪn/ n.起源，起因；出身(25)*shuttle/ˈʃʌtl/ n.航天飞机；来往于两地之间的航班（或班车、火车）vi.频繁往来（于两地之间）(26)frequency/ˈfriːkwənsi/ n.发生率，出现率；频繁；频率(26) hydrogen/ˈhaɪdrədʒən/ n.氢，氢气(26)rocket/ˈrɒkɪt/ n.火箭；火箭武器(26)motive/ˈməʊtɪv/ n.原因，动机，目的(26)investment/ɪnˈvestmənt/ n.投资；投入(26)calculate/ˈkælkjuleɪt/ vt.计算，核算；预测(26)coverage/ˈkʌvərɪdʒ/ n.新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围(26) mechanic/məˈkænɪk/ n.机械师，技工(26)assistant/əˈsɪstənt/ n.助理；售货员；助教adj.助理的，副的(26)incredibly/ɪnˈkredəbli/ adv.极其，极端地；令人难以置信(26)dust/dʌst/ n.沙土，尘土；灰尘，尘埃(27)shelter/ˈʃeltə(r)/ n.居所，住处；庇护vt.保护，掩蔽vi.躲避(27) constant/ˈkɒnstənt/ adj.固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的(27) nuclear/ˈnjuːkliə(r)/ adj.核能的，原子能的；核武器的(27)Unit 3breadth/bredθ/ n.宽度；广泛(29)convince/kənˈvɪns/ vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说(29)*voyage/ˈvɔɪɪdʒ/ n.航海，航行，航天vi.航行，远行(30)*fleet/fliːt/ n.舰队；捕鱼船队；车队(30)*navigate/ˈnævɪɡeɪt/ vt.航行；导航vi.导航(30)on behalf /bɪˈhɑːf/ of代表（或代替）；为帮助；为了(30)load/ləʊd/ vt. & vi.装上，装入n.负载；承载量；大量(30)*compass/ˈkʌmpəs/ n.罗盘，指南针；圆规(30)log/lɒɡ/ n.航海日志，正式记录；原木vi. & vt.伐木(30)strengthen/ˈstreŋkθn/ vt. & vi.加强，增强(30)harmonious/hɑːˈməʊniəs/ adj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的(30) dismiss/dɪsˈmɪs/ vt.不予考虑，对…不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散(30)proof/pruːf/ n.证据，证明(30)acknowledge/əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/ vt.承认（权威、地位）；承认（属实）；（公开）感谢(30)influential/ˌɪnfluˈenʃl/ adj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的(30)insist/ɪnˈsɪst/ vi. & vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说(31)route/ruːt/ n.路线，路途；途径，渠道(31)financial/faɪˈnænʃl/ adj.财政的，金融的，财务的(31)depart/dɪˈpɑːt/ vi. & vt.离开，起程(31)shortage/ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ n.不足，短缺(31)leak/liːk/ vi.漏，渗漏；渗入vt.漏，渗漏；泄露n.漏洞(31) panic/ˈpænɪk/ n.惊恐，恐慌vi.& vt. (panicked, panicked)（使）惊慌，惊慌失措(31) regardless/rɪˈɡɑːdləs/ adv.不顾，不加理会(31)regardless of不管，不顾(31)shore/ʃɔː(r)/ n.岸，滨(31)subsequent/ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/ adj.随后的，后来的(31)captain/ˈkæptɪn/ n.船长，机长；上校；队长(31)allow for使成为可能；考虑到，把…计算在内(31)kingdom/ˈkɪŋdəm/ n.王国；管辖范围(33)astonish/əˈstɒnɪʃ/ vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊(33)royal/ˈrɔɪəl/ adj.盛大的，庄严的；皇家的，王室的(33)*tomb/tuːm/ n.坟墓(33)literary/ˈlɪtərəri/ adj.文学的，文学上的；爱好文学的(34) extensively/ɪkˈstensɪvli/ adv.广泛地；广阔地(34)facilitate/fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/ vt.使便利，促进(34)sortout理顺，整理；把…安排好(34)available/əˈveɪləbl/ adj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的(34)prison/ˈprɪzn/ n.监狱(34)minister/ˈmɪnɪstə(r)/ n.大臣，部长(35)exceptional/ɪkˈsepʃənl/ adj.杰出的，优秀的；异常的，罕见的(35) phrase/freɪz/ n.成语，习语；短语，词组(35)format/ˈfɔːmæt/ n.总体安排，设计；版式(35)shelf/ʃelf/ n. (pl. shelves /ʃelvz/)（书架等的）架子，搁板(37)adopt/əˈdɒpt/ vt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养vi.领养，收养(37)comparison/kəmˈpærɪsn/ n.对比；比较(37)pack/pæk/ vt. & vi.塞进，挤进；装（箱），收拾；打包；包装n.包，包裹；小盒，小包(37)contrary/ˈkɒntrəri/ adj.相反的，相对立的；截然不同的(37)contrary to与…相反(37)*hell/hel/ n.地狱；苦难的经历，悲惨的境况(39)aboard/əˈbɔːd/ prep. & adv.在（车、船、飞机等）上，上（车、船、飞机等）(39)*rub/rʌb/ vt. & vi.擦，磨，搓；相互摩擦(39)washroom/ˈwɒʃruːm/ n.洗手间，厕所(39)uniform/ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ n.制服；队服adj.一致的，统一的(39) violently/ˈvaɪələntli/ adv.猛烈地，厉害地；强烈地，激烈地；凶狠地(39)eagle/ˈiːɡl/ n.雕(39)dive/daɪv/ vi.俯冲；跳水；潜水n.冲，扑，俯冲；潜水；跳水(39) thunder/ˈθʌndə(r)/ vi.轰隆隆地响；打雷n.雷，雷声(39)freeze/friːz/ vi. & vt. (froze, frozen)突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵(39)*deck/dek/ n.甲板，舱面(39)meanwhile/ˈmiːnwaɪl/ adv.同时；其间；对比之下(39)drag/dræɡ/ vt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动(39)chaos/ˈkeɪɒs/ n.混乱，杂乱(39)navy/ˈneɪvi/ n.海军，海军部队(39)bleed/bliːd/ vi. (bled, bled)失血，流血(40)hatch/hætʃ/ vt.密谋，策划；使孵出vi.孵化(40)plot/plɒt/ n.阴谋；故事情节vi. & vt.密谋(40)*infamy/ˈɪnfəmi/ n.臭名昭著，声名狼藉；恶行，罪恶(40)sink/sɪŋk/ vi. & vt. (sank, sunk)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低(40) memorial/məˈmɔːriəl/ n.纪念碑（或像等）；纪念物(40)pray/preɪ/ vi. & vt.企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告(40)episode/ˈepɪsəʊd/ n.一段经历，片段；一集(40)*textile/ˈtekstaɪl/ n.纺织品；纺织业(41)reform/rɪˈfɔːm/ vt.改进，改良，改革n.改革，改良(41)output/ˈaʊtpʊt/ n.产量，输出量(41)cloth/klɒθ/ n.织物，布料(41)shift/ʃɪft/ n.改变，转移；轮班vi. & vt.（使）移动，（使）转移；改变(41)cottage/ˈkɒtɪdʒ/ n.小屋，村舍(41)cottage industry家庭手工业(41)Unit 4*heritage/ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n.遗产(43)awe/ɔː/ vt.使惊叹，使敬畏n.敬畏，惊叹(44)civilization/ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (also civilisation)n.文明；社会文明；文明社会，文明世界(44)preserve/prɪˈzɜːv/ vt.维护，保护，保存；维持(44)urgent/ˈɜːdʒənt/ adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的(44)wear down（使）磨损，（使）逐渐磨平(44)*pyramid/ˈpɪrəmɪd/ n.金字塔(44)ruin/ˈruːɪn/ vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭n.毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁(44)incredible/ɪnˈkredəbl/ adj.极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的(44)clay/kleɪ/ n.黏土，陶土(44)sculpture/ˈskʌlptʃə(r)/ n.雕像，雕塑品；雕刻术(45)missile/ˈmɪsaɪl/ n.导弹(45)violence/ˈvaɪələns/ n.暴力，暴行；狂热，激情(45)conflict/ˈkɒnflɪkt/ n.（军事）冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致/kən ˈflɪkt/ vi.冲突，抵触(45)civil/ˈsɪvl/ adj.国民的；国家的；民事的(45)*status/ˈsteɪtəs/ n.身份，地位；状况，情形(45)wear and tear（正常使用造成的）磨损，损耗(45)internal/ɪnˈtɜːnl/ adj.内部的；国内的(45)outcome/ˈaʊtkʌm/ n.结果，效果(45)*reef/riːf/ n.礁，礁脉(45)*coral/ˈkɒrəl/ n.珊瑚adj.珊瑚色的(45)ecology/iˈkɒlədʒi/ n.生态，生态学(45)agenda/əˈdʒendə/ n.计划，方案；议程表，议事日程(45)*pagoda/pəˈɡəʊdə/ n.佛塔(47)nail/neɪl/ n.钉子；指甲vt.固定(47)panel/ˈpænl/ n.专家咨询组，讨论小组；嵌板；仪表盘(47) specialist/ˈspeʃəlɪst/ n.专家；专科医生adj.专业的(47)assess/əˈses/ vt.评估，评定；估算(47)collapse/kəˈlæps/ vi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒n.昏倒；倒塌(47) consultation/ˌkɒnslˈteɪʃn/ n.咨询，商讨；就诊(47)suspend/səˈspend/ vt.暂停；悬，挂(47)division /dɪˈvɪʒn/n.分歧；分开，分隔(48)*dam/dæm/ n.水坝(48)architect/ˈɑːkɪtekt/ n.建筑师；设计师(48)operator/ˈɒpəreɪtə(r)/ n.操作人员，技工；接线员(48)incident/ˈɪnsɪdənt/ n.事件；冲突(48)cooperation/kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ n.合作，协作；协助，配合(48) forecast/ˈfɔːkɑːst/ vt. (forecast, forecast;forecasted, forecasted)预测，预报n.预测，预报(48)interrupt/ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/ vt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断vi.打扰，插嘴(49)conservation/ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ n.保护；保持(49)motion/ˈməʊʃn/ n.提议，动议；运动；动作(49)vote/vəʊt/ vt. & vi.投票，表决n.选票；投票(49)canal/kəˈnæl/ n.运河(49)*migration/maɪˈɡreɪʃn/ n.迁徙，迁移，移居(50)*legacy/ˈleɡəsi/ n.遗产(50)splendour/ˈsplendə(r)/ (AmE splendor)n.壮丽，雄伟(50)reserve/rɪˈzɜːv/ n.自然保护区；储备vt.预订；预留；保留(50) basin/ˈbeɪsn/ n.盆地；洗脸盆；盆；流域(50)intense/ɪnˈtens/ adj.很大的，十分强烈的；有强烈感情的，热切的；激烈的(50)primitive/ˈprɪmətɪv/ adj.简陋的，落后的；原始的，远古的(50) humble/ˈhʌmbl/ vt.感到渺小，感到谦卑adj.谦虚的，谦卑的(50)*corridor/ˈkɒrɪdɔː(r)/ n.走廊，地带；通道(53)pursue/pəˈsjuː/ vt.追求，致力于，执行；追逐(53)submit/səbˈmɪt/ vt. & vi.提交，呈递；屈服(53)emerge/ɪˈmɜːdʒ/ vi.出现；暴露；露头(53)assign/əˈsaɪn/ vt.指定，指派；分配；确定(53)take shape成形，有了模样(54)string/strɪŋ/ n.一批，一连串，一系列；线；弦(54) wool/wʊl/ n.毛织物；羊毛(54)cotton/ˈkɒtn/ n.棉织物；棉，棉花(54)cave/keɪv/ n.山洞，洞穴(54)*Buddhist/ˈbʊdɪst/ adj.佛教的n.佛教徒(54) expansion/ɪkˈspænʃn/ n.扩展，扩大，膨胀(54) initiative/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ n.倡议，新方案；主动性(54) milestone/ˈmaɪlstəʊn/ n.重要阶段，里程碑(54) equator/ɪˈkweɪtə(r)/ n.赤道(55)showcase/ˈʃəʊkeɪs/ n.展示的场合；玻璃柜台(55) elsewhere/ˌelsˈweə(r)/ adv.在（或去）别处(55) entry/ˈentri/ n.进入；参与，加入；参赛(55)fee/fiː/ n.费；报酬(55)ban/bæn/ vt.明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事n.禁令(55)。

必修三Unit 1 Welcome to the unit1.For most of history, man has had to fight nature to survive; in this century he is beginning to realize that, in order to survive, he must protect it.在历史大部分时间，人类不得不为了生存和大自然斗争；在本世纪，人们开始意识到，为了生存，必须保护大自然。

fight fight-fought-fought(1)战争；战斗in war/battle~ (against sb)打仗；战斗；作战My grandfather fought against the Fascists in Spain.我的祖父曾经在西班牙与法西斯分子作战。

（2）搏斗；打斗；打架to struggle physically with sbShe'll fight like a tiger to protect her children.她为了保护孩子，可以凶得像只老虎。

(3)~ sb/sth (for sth)参加（竞赛）；竞争to take part in a contest against sb[VN]to fight an election/a campaign参加竞选/ 争取权益的运动[V]She's fighting for a place in the national team.她正努力争取加入国家队。

(4）反对oppose极力反对；与…作斗争to try hard to stop, deal with or oppose sth bad[VN]to fight racism/corruption/poverty, etc.与种族主义、腐败、贫困等作斗争争取try to get/do sth（5）~ (for sth)努力争取；为…而斗争to try very hard to get sth or to achieve sth[V]He's still fighting for compensation after the accident.他还在力争事故后的赔偿。

牛津译林必修三Unit1 词汇全解1.harm 伤害，损害n. do harm to =be harmful toharmful effects害处短语搭配：cause ~引起伤害There is no harm in (sb’s) doing sth./It does no harm (for sb) to do sth.做某事没什么坏处。

He looks fierce, but he means no harm.他看上去很凶，但并无恶意。

The treatment they gave him did him more harm than good.他们的治疗弊大于利。

V. harm 伤害，损害2.overseas在海外，在国外=abroadThe product is sold both at home and overseas.外国的，海外的~ trade/visitors3.region地区，区域---regional区域的，地区的~ variations 地区差异4.length长度The room is twice the length of the kitchen.房间长度是厨房的两倍。

The river is 300 miles in length.这条河长300英里。

the length of time时间长短重点短语：at length/ at ...(length)length 长时间，详尽地We have discussed the matter at great length.go to any/some/great lengths (to do)竭尽全力，不遗余力5.biodiversity 生物多样性diversity 多样性diverse 多样的diversify 使...多样化6.variety不同种类a ~ of =varieties of 各种各样的He resigned for a variety of reasons.多样化We all need variety in our diet.我们都需要饮食多样化。

牛津译林版2020版必修三Unit1基础知识同步练习Reading一、根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词1.There are （百万）of people dying of heart diseases.2.The snake usually reaches a (长度) of 100 cm.3.Apples come in a great many (品种，种类).4.The boat sank (在…下面) the waves.5.The sky is full of dark (团，块，堆)of clouds.6.The mountain gorilla is on the verge of (灭绝).7.He reamains a (出色的) figure in rock and roll.8.The product is sold both at home and (在海外，向国外).9.All dogs are capable of doing h to human beings.10.Increased production will, in t , lead to increased profits .11.Her speech had a profound i on everyone.12.We need more people to b life into this programme.13.Lisa was sick this morning. T , she was late for school.14.The flight was cancelled d to bad weather.15.Sugar and starch are b down in the stomach.16.All the pressure b up and he was off work for weeks with stress.二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Fruit juices can be (harm) to children’s teeth.2.His only chance of (survive) was a heart transplant.3.Police are investigating the (disappear) of key files on the killers.4.France is the world’s second biggest exporter of (agriculture) products.5.There are (variety) kinds of food in the store.6.The Garden’s menu is based on Hawaiian (region) cuisine.7.He died six weeks later of a (mass) heart attack.8.Father never talked about what he did for a (live).9.There is a need for a greater (diverse) and choice in education.10.She (towering) over other dancers of her generation.三、单项选择( ) 1. The forest was with different animals and considered to be home to them.A.living;aB. living;/C. alive;aD. alive;/( ) 2. It was a crisis she was totally unprepared.A.whichB. for whichC. on whichD. that( ) 3. I am willing to help you, I do not have much time available.A.SinceB. For thatC. WhileD. When( ) 4. Police used tear gas to a demonstration.A.break upB. break downC. break outD. break in( ) 5. Theory is based on practice and serves practice.A.in returnB. in exchangeC. in turnD. in fact答案一 lons 2.length 3.varieties 4.beneath 5.masses 6.extinction 7.towering 8.overseas 9.harm10.turn 11.impact 12.breathe 13.Thus 14.due 15.broken 16.built二 1.harmful 2.survival 3.disappearance 4.agricultural 5.various 6.regional 7.massive 8.living9.diversity 10.twoers/towered三1-5 DBCACUnit1 Extended Reading同步练习一、根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词17.Unemployment was the （主要的）cause of poverty.18.We are in the (过程) of selling our house.19.The announcement raised a storm of (抗议).20.There were confrontations between local (居民) and the police.21.We have tried to pursue a (政策)of neutrality.22.The (委员会) has decided to close the restaurant.23.The energy secretary will present the (策划，部署) tomorrow.24.The bank has many (分部) all over the country.25.He presented two solutions. The f seems much better than the latter.26.Maternity services were to be reduced as a c of falling birth rates .27.The agency is voluntary and not run for p.28.Scientists have identified thousands of genes that can give r to diseases in humans.29.I began to suspect they were trying to get r of me.30.Solar power may provide a more e solution.31.As the old saying goes, “ One man’s meat is another man’s p.”32.Humour is a more effective d than violence.二、用所给词的适当形式填空11.A cheap bed can be a false (ecomomic), so spend as much as you can afford.12.T here are hundreds of (poison) spiders and snakes.13.T here is a (poor) of colour in her work.14.T he rubbish is then carted away for (recycle).15.T he land was flat, giving no scope for (defend).16.T hey are senior (office) in the State Department.17.T his decision could have serious (consequent) for the industry.18.W e had walked (far) than I had realized.19.I’m not (entire) happy about the proposal.20.Be careful that those kinds of food are (chemical) treated.21.I t was said that America sent cotton to England for (process).22.T he teacher had told us that the sun (rise) in the east.23.I t is certain that there will be more (policy) on environmental protection.24.T housands of (protest) marched through the city and let out their anger all the way.25.W e have not yet been told (official) about the closure.答案一 1.chief 2.process 3.protest 4.residents 5.policy mittee 7.strategy 8.branches 9.former10.consequence 11.profit 12.rise 13.rid 14.economic 15.poison 16.defence二 1.economy 2.poisonous 3.poverty 4.recycling 5. defence 6.officials 7. consequences8.farther/further 9.entirely 10.chemically 11.processing 12.rises 13.policies 14.protesters15.officially牛津译林版2020 必修三Unit 1 语法填空练习一：课文语法填空The Amazon rainforest, the largest rainforest in the world, crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. It covers 1. area of around 6 million square kilometres. It is named after the Amazon River, 2. is close to 6, 400 kilometres in length，3. ( support)many different ecosystems, which givethis area the richest biodiversity on the Earth, one tenth known species in the world living in it.There are 4. (variety) of plants in the Amazon rainforest. Of the 390, 000 plant species known to us, over 40, 000 can be found there. The forest's different levels support an 5. ( believe) variety of wildlife. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.There are more than 1, 300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals living there. Among them 6. (be) the jaguar, which can survive here.The Amazon rainforest is not only home to numerous species of animals and plants but also known as the "lungs of the planet", because it breathes life 7. the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. But over the past 50 years, 17 per cent of the rainforest 8. ( disappear) due to human activities. And some species are also in danger of9. (extinct). 10 . is time for us to do something to protect it.二：课文语法填空It is said 1. in the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals have gone extinct. Maybe a question springs 2. your mind: what is responsible for it? Recently environmental scientists have done a piece of research3.(show) that in fact, humans have4. greatest impact on animal populations.In order to get delicious food from animals, some people hunt and fish. Even some people hunt animals for fashion or for fun, 5. has directly influenced the world's' animal numbers.6. the human population increasing, we take up more land to build cities, which destroys animal habitats and leaves many animals with nowhere7. (live )，or no food to eat. Due to pollution 8. ( cause) by humanactivities, some animals' population 9. ( drop) greatly. As the human population continues to grow, 10. does the effect we have on animals.三：课文语法填空The TV host invites three guests (James Smith，Vincent Brown, and Julie Archer）to News that Matters to discuss the question 1. we should choose the economy or the environmer. The three have different opinions as follows.James Smith, a local resident, protests 2. heavy industry. In his hometown the air used to be fresh, the grass green, and the water clear, 3.things became entirely different after heavy industry factories 4 . (move ) in. The river is dirty and smelly. The sky isn't blue. He has even got a cough that he can't get rid of. For health and safety reasons alone, he thinks heavy industry has to go.However, Vincent Brown, a senior manager, doesn't agree with Smith's opinion. In5. (defend) of factories, he says they are responsible businessmen and 6.they have taken a lot of measures 7. (reduce) pollution in the production process 8. the fact that production costs are raised. Besides, they have created many jobs for local residents and helped the city's' economy grow.Julie Archer, an environmental protection expert, says that there are indeed conflicts between environmental protection and economic growth. However, if people try to work hand in hand with factories and the government, a balance between the environment and development can 9. (achieve ). Everyone can help by following the golden rule:reduce, reuse and recycle. The fortunes of our environment and our economy are inseparable. 10. is our duty to protect our environment while aiming for economic development.五：语法填空(2020江苏海安高级中学高二上期中)A lot of people feel overwhelmed when trying to make changes that help the planet. Conservation psychologist Janet Swim from the Pennsylvania State University says people often think their actions won't have enough of an impact on matters. "It's like, 'What can I do? It's just me.' " 1. it does matter a lot. "It's just like voting, 2 . psychologist says. "I vote. I'm only one person. But that is an important step 3. (take). We work together as a collective to do things." . And there's the multiplier effect."Small behavior matters particularly, especially when 4. ( accumulate), ” Swim says.Household behavior 5.( actual ) can make a substantial difference in 6 . (reduce) greenhouse gas emissions, according to researchers from Michigan State University and Vanderbilt University. Most of that potential comes from adopting energy-efficient behavior. Their research lists the most practical 17 steps 7. each American can take, including carpooling, weatherizing houses and driving fuel- efficient 8. ( vehicle ). If every American 9 . (take) these steps, according to these researchers, the total U.S. household emissions will be cut by 20% over ten years-an amount equal 10. the entire emission output of France.六：语法填空Environment-friendly ideas have been created to supply people with helpful （tip) onhow they can help the environment 2. well as save money. I honestly believe that everyone wants to help the environment.With electricity bills, water bills and all other expenses 3. ( continue) to rise, life is very hard for the average worker. No matter what your 4.( finance) position is, there is always something everyone can do 5 . (help) save our environment. We are not the only ones that live on this 6. (amaze) planet. We also share it 7.a wide range of strange and wonderful animals. It would be a great tragedy if they 8. (be) not around for our future generations to enjoy. Every little bit helps, so please do all 9. you can to protect our environment and the environment of these surprising animals.I hope these environment--friendy ideas can help everyone to do 10. (they) bit for the environment and help make this world a better place.答案：一：1.an 2.which 3.supporting 4.varieties 5.unbelievable6.is7. into8. has disappeared9. extinction 10. It二：1.that 2.to 3. showing 4.the 5. which 6. With 7. to live7.caused 9. has dropped 10. so三：1.whether 2. against 3.but 4. moved 5. defence 6. that 7. to reduce8.despite 9. be achieved 10. It四：1.But 2.the 3.to take 4. accumulating 5. actually 6. reducing 7. that9.vehicles 9. takes 10. to五：1. tips 2.as 3.continuing 4.financial 5. to help 6. amazing 7. with8.were 9. that 10. their语法专练1.Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him_____.A．not to B．not to do C．not do it D．do not to2.—Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend?—_____. I believe soA．I believe not B．I believe not so C．I don’t believe it D．I don't believe3.—What do you think made the girl so glad?—_____a beautiful necklace.A．As she received B．Receiving C．Received D．Because of receiving4. Father advised me not to say anything until _____ at the meeting.A．asking B．to ask C．asked D．ask5.—Have you watered the flowers?—No, but_____.A．I am B．I’m going C．I’m just going to D．I will go6. —He hasn’t gone to the office up to now.—Well, he_____.A．should B．ought to C．ought to go D．ought to have7.—The war is very likely to break out in the near future.—I _____, if the situation goes as it is.A．hope so B．hope not C．am afraid not D．am afraid so8.—You ought to have given them some advice.—_____, but who cared what I said?A．So ought you B．So I ought C．So I did D．So did you9. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____.whether he was going in the right direction.A．seeing B．having seen C．to see D．to have seen10. _____.he come, the problem would be settled.A．Would B．Should C．Shall D．If11.—Can I see you at 3:00 pm next Monday?—I_____. I will have flown to New York long before then.A．am afraid not B．am afraid so C．am afraid to D．am afraid not to12. —Is that a book on farming? If so, I want to borrow_____.—Yes, it is.A．this B．it C．one D．the one13. _____, I will help you with your work.A．If am possible B．If it possible C．If possible D．Possible14.—How are you getting on with your work?—Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as_____.A．plans B．planning C．planned D．to plan15.—Are you a volunteer now?—No, but I _____. I worked for the City Sports Meeting last year.A．used to B．used to be C．used to do D．was used toB．答案:1．A 2．A3．B 4．C 5．C6．D 7．D8．C9．C 10．B 11．A12．B13．C14．C15．B。