中国地质大学考博英语真题部分解析

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Once you have finished reading these documents from our consultant, we would like to have your opinion regarding the value of the advices received so far.问题1选项A.Once you haveB.regardingC.value of the advicesD.so farE.没有问题【答案】E2.填空题Who（） you how to write Chinese characters? Your calligraphy is really impressive!【答案】taught【解析】语义题。

句意: 谁你写书法? 你的书法真令人钦佩!因此空格处应为“教”。

而且此处应为过去式, 故填taught。

3.单选题I reminded him that we had asked for an ordinary room, not a special room, and when I inquired what is unusual about our room, he seemed not to want to answer.问题1选项A.had asked for an ordinary room ，notB.inquired whatC.unusual aboutD.seemed not to wantE.没有错误【答案】C【解析】形容词误用。

将unusual改为special。

句意:我提醒他,我们要求入住的是普通间,而不是专用房，并且，当我询问我们的房间有什么特殊时,他似乎不想回答。

unusual 不寻常的；不平常的。

special 特别的；专门的。

ke2004年Part 1Speaker A税务人员No, I don’t suppose you could say my profession is a popular one. The fact is people generally don’t like to give money to the government. As a result, they don’t care for officials like me. We make sure the citizens are actually giving the money that the government expects them to give. Speaker B 营养学专家I advise people on what to eat, that are a very important concern, you know. First of all, there are sick people who have to be careful about what they eat, but then there are many other kinds of people who need advice on food. All of them turn to us for advice.Speaker C 律师When I was a teenager, I became interested in the rules that the glove society. I used to think a lot about justers and about how we could attend it. Later when I began to think about career for myself, it occur to me that a group of tennis have pretty a respectable income. It is true that I work hard and have to know a lot, but my career went to me to contact all sort of interesting people whether I am studying in the contract of my office or represent a client in court .I celebrate a boring day.Speaker D 外交家In my life of work, you have to enjoy visiting abroad, that’s what weusually are; we represent our country’s government all around the globe. Right now, I resigned to absent in Beijing, most of the time, we work with other people like ourselves. Our catacries for other countries or government officials other foreign country where we are stationed. Speaker E 编故事的人：故事大王I mean I am a weird man. I like to take what I see around me. And then use my imagination to create a story that my reader who think fresh and interesting. My books are usually two to four hundreds long, some times longer.Speaker F 旅行代理商Traveling can be wonderful. But it can also be a nightmare. My job is to make sure that people made a good a regiment when they travel. I am a sort of deploy small businessman. I have a service shop or office. People come to buy tickets with their hotel rooms and discuss their plans.I try to provide good reliable services. So people like to trust me and come back again and again.Speaker G 机械修理师I am all happy that I am a round engineer. I can mention it and repair it. I know some people get nervous about engines. I love them. I love the tools and book shar, the smell and feel the lub fill.Speaker H 电影评论员People probably think I have a easy job, that is because they don’t whatmy job evolves. Of course, I watch a lot of movies, but then I have to find something interesting inside all of them. Let’s specific, like Hollywood movies, that is very different from one another. Readers want me to shark to say about each of them. It is not a super problem believe me. Speaker I 厨师My whole world is all around food and use food to make people happy. I got interested in cooking about 20, I went to cooking school, then work in the series of restaurants and hotels. I spent 16 years working in Europe. Most people enjoy my work specialize. My specialty is the food iggly. If you don’t know the real food .Visit me some time and I will make your stomach sin.Speaker J 空姐When I was small, I used to think my job was so glamorous. Fly in jet plains day after day , going from one city to another, all making sure the passengers satisfy and safe. Let me tell you, that is not my glamour there, but it certainly is a lot of work, just smelling all way long is a soar, and many of the air plain passengers ideal with I never smell a lot that I want to do so.Speaker K 管道修理工To tell the truth, I don’t think many people consider my job very interesting. But that don’t take away my importance. Few things make people so unhappy as toilet doesn’t work or the sint was blocked. ifanything goes wrong with water pips and solar system. I am the man they want to see and quickly.Speaker L 收音机里的广播员Talk, talk, talk, that’s what I do all day. Actuall, that is my exaguation .because all the things I broadcast must be served before hand. My job is people know my voice, not how I look. The different if I were on TV. I like be well known and yet ,also like to walking in the street without being recognized.Speaker M 会计师Some people think I have the most boring job imaginable. Actually it is not ture. I was always like to working with numbers. And big proportions need people like me. No organization can function without the attention of numbers. I work in the finance department of the major company, with a little luck, may oneday I was the people in the talk in the firm, though I never be the CEO.Speaker N 计算机硬件设计人员It is thanks to tectonical people like me that the computers can be so powerful and so small in the last two decays. I am basically a sercate specific, I get ways to make the move efficiently. When I was in high school, I was interested in physics, then became interested in logical. Now I design chifs in computersSpeaker O 巡警If you enjoy walking and driving around, and also talking to people, you would like my job. Of course, I often have to work at night. That is when the criminals I try to control, I am most actively. I am loyal employment. But my destiny job is headquarters. The job I do is really for young man or young man and woman. And I would n’t young forever.2005年Part 1Speak A 士兵I can see a lot of little boy I used to like to play soldier, sooner or later, most people like to play what the soldier do. But I never did. After I graduated from college, I joined the army which has become my career for the after 10 years. At the moment, I was in charge of about 80 men. Actually, 80 men or women save the soldiers’ command from male and female.Speaker B 与旅行有关的人员In the modern world, millions of people travel everyday. Of course, when we out of home, we want to stay in a comfortable place. That is what I want to the picture. I am in charge of human facility with 500 rooms. Most of them are business men. When they check in, they are absolutely in comfortable room. My job is make sure make the man happy.Speaker C 机械师I was to going to school; fortunately I have skill of guarantee. When I was young, I was fascinated about machines. I liked to take them apart and put them together. Now I make a living for storing them, more often by repairing them.Speaker D 精神病医生The human mind is my study. People sometime say me psyphisician . but in fact my job in no connection with medicine. I do research on mental aspect of human life. At some times, clime penny do life. My job is always with thinking and mind or human modlezation.Speaker E 古生物学家Some scientist fascinated about animals. Well I fascinated about animals most probably disappeared. Used to fossils. TimeDinosaurs.Speaker F 陪审员After I got out of law school, I practice law for two decades. That is what my present position. I no longer argue legal cases. In stead, I listen to them and I supervise legal files. I preside over criminal court, so on most days I asking lawyers to asking questions of victices. But I am not the one who decide whether they are guilty or not. In our system of justice, my job is a jury.Speaker G 电影评论人员Most people like movies. But who watch as many as I do. Y ou may not find them are interesting. My job is to tell the people which movie is interesting or which are not. Of course that means I offer my opinion which they can pay attention to or ignore as they like. I have to write good reviews of movies, even including the ones you can tell in just 5 minutes are awful.Speaker H 制片人Y ou can figure me on both an artist and a business man. I try to make money by providing people with music they enjoy listening to. I record the sound I seen in the studio. And the company I work with then produces the tapes or disks to the market. I usually don’t like the sounds, I just perform them. Occasionally, my group and I like to give concerts which help to boost their sale.Speaker I 宠物医生I am fund of animals. And I would always be a good science in school. So it seems natural for me to enter this profession. Some times people ask me if I would be rather happy be human patience, but it prove this I really enjoy the sick animals that I treated in my clinic. Even though they can not talk, I can talk them a lot. If you know what he or she looked for. Speaker J 外交翻译Claim, claim, claim. I am on always over time. I must you know, I speak four languages. So I always sign international routes. I move a lot to routeto route to where I am needed, one routes probably from Beijing to New Y ork. It is so long and the requires usually to be packed. Some many people take care of them, some other don’t to do. I must for fix my hours.I had to try to sit down.Speaker K 巡警It is important for my job to know my neighborhood in detail. Sometime I walk on foot, sometimes in the car with a partner, but I always keep my eyes open. I am looking for anything unusual, anything like criminal activity. Because my job is to prevent. The more I know my neighborhood, the better to my job.Speaker L 小学教师I have been with teenagers everyday for twenty years now, everyday except on weekends and the summer when thanks god I have on vocation.I don’t know who is happier to see the vocation come, my colleges and I or the teenagers in our classes?Speaker M 医院门诊室内设计Buildings are my life. But I don’t put up them, I design them. I suppose you could call me designer, but in some ways I am engineers, too. I specialize is hospital and clinics. The trip in designing rolls is make medical stuff convenient and we are sure we are in patients. Y ou may say my job involves psychology, too. Because I have to imagine the patients to use the buildings I designed.Speaker N 导游一类的人I earn my living by helping people to set up their trips, trips for business or trips for pleasure. In my vocation, I sold picnics, book hotel rooms; I also give people a lot of advice. Fortunately, I enjoy going to new places.I also recommend air lines used myself.Speaker O 医药学某一领域方面的专家As you know, there are many different medical special places. But there is not anymore interesting when I mean. I don’t think so. Who else got the open up body directly inside? And when you are working successful, patients are tremendous great. It took me long years training to acquire special medicinal skill but I never read the time that I devoted to acquire it.Speaker GPeople always assume that I can solve their computer problems; it’s true that I think about computing all the time. I design chips, not programs. I am sort of electronic engineer or apply physics, not someone who give you advice and tell you how to use computer more efficiently.人们总是认为我可以解决他们的计算机问题；是的，我一直在考虑计算的问题。

博士研究生入学考试英语试题及详解Doctoral Entrance Examination in EnglishPart I: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or incomplete statements. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question or complete each statement.Passage 1:Climate Change and Global WarmingClimate change refers to long-term changes in average weather patterns in a specific region or globally. Global warming, on the other hand, specifically refers to the increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities. While some argue that global warming is a natural phenomenon, the overwhelming majority of scientists agree that human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, are the primary causes of climate change.1. According to the passage, what is the main cause of global warming?A. Natural phenomenaB. Human activitiesC. Average weather patternsD. Long-term changes in climateAnswer: B. Human activities2. What is the difference between climate change and global warming?A. Climate change is caused by human activities, while global warming is natural.B. Global warming refers specifically to changes in average weather patterns.C. Climate change refers to long-term changes in climate, while global warming is due to human activities.D. Global warming specifically refers to the increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities.Answer: D. Global warming specifically refers to the increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities.Passage 2:The Importance of BiodiversityBiodiversity refers to the variety of plant and animal species within a certain ecosystem. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the environment and supporting the overall health of ecosystems. Loss of biodiversity is a significant concern as it can lead to negative impacts on food security, climate stability, and overall ecosystem function.3. What is biodiversity?A. The variety of plant and animal species within a certain ecosystem.B. The balance of the environment.C. The health of ecosystems.D. The stability of climate.Answer: A. The variety of plant and animal species within a certain ecosystem.4. Why is loss of biodiversity a concern?A. It leads to an increase in food security.B. It has no impact on climate stability.C. It can negatively affect food security, climate stability, and ecosystem function.D. It supports overall ecosystem function.Answer: C. It can negatively affect food security, climate stability, and ecosystem function.Part II: Writing (60 points)Directions: In this section, write an essay on one of the following topics. Your essay should be approximately 400 words in length.1. The Impact of Technology on Society2. Education in the Digital Age3. The Importance of Cross-Cultural Communication4. Sustainable Development and Environmental ConservationPart III: Speaking (60 points)Directions: In this section, you will be asked to discuss one of the following topics. You will have five minutes to prepare your response and three minutes to present it.1. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Learning2. The Influence of Social Media on Relationships3. Effective Strategies for Time Management4. The Role of Government in Promoting Renewable EnergyDetailed explanations and model answers for Part II and Part III will be provided during the examination.Good luck with your doctoral entrance examination in English!。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题I'm（1） a birthday party on Friday and I hope you（2） join us.【答案】1.having;2. will【解析】固定搭配。

第一空需要填一个现在分词，用进行时态表示将来，故having合适。

have a birthday party 举办生日派对。

2.填空题Liz didn’t tell her friends that she was ill, so as a result （1）of them came to see her （2 ） she was in the hospital.【答案】1.none2.when【解析】1.语义题。

None表示“没有一个”。

2.语义题。

When 当…的时候。

3.填空题I’m surprised that she has agreed to marry John. I knew th at he（1） going to propose,but I （2）her to say no. I （3）what led her to accept his offer. She’s certainly not in love with him!【答案】1.was2.considered3.wonder【解析】1.固定搭配。

be going to do 打算做…,前面的谓语动词knew用的过去式,因此这里也用过去式was。

2.固定搭配。

consider sb. to do sth. 认为某人会…。

3.语义题。

句意:我在想是什么让她决定接受他的求婚的。

4.单选题Many social observers in China are concerned that children growing up in villages away from their mother and father lack of parental love and may have trouble becoming responsible adults as they enter their twenties.问题1选项A.are concerned thatck of parental loveC.trouble becomingD.as they enter their twentiesE.没有错误【答案】B【解析】动词误用。

（下载后Ctrl+A全选，然后选择字体黑色即可显示）1997-2010年中国地质大学（北京）博士入学考试答案1997年：填空答案preparingan, sincewas, grewlikekindcome/ be; tells; beenheated; temperature; turns/changes enough; Let’sat; hadnext; indespitefeweruntildid; damagehappen; ownsenjoyingabout; billion; atpass; tookwhosesuccessful; succeeded; published; over; information;appeared; an; agreed; stage/phasedoubt; just/ really; reason; act/ work applied; neitherThought; able1998with; anaffectingbetweengrew; ws; has; since; likehwose; whenpassed; took; faileduntil; comes; idearate; situation/problemmission/ aim/purposeroseexperiment rely/depend; Withoutpublished; result; dealtakenreasons; tryingcausing/ bringon; insurprised;would; werewhich; millionwhether;should;held; in; just;attendused/abledoubttaking; managed; began1999whichequal; largerfree/ sparehowever;delay/ postponewhose; in/lyingpuzzled/depressed; tonobody; easy; bothcausing; idea;bringing/ causingwish; decision; find out; taking/ hiring. doubt; these; bad; ask/invite; pressure; before; comes; like; case; were already; other; soongrew;born; moved/assigned; it; from; finished; admitted; became; entered; located; busy; careergot/ receivedregrettailureThough/Although; praise/ congratulate 2000nervus/ worried/ anxious/ uneasy/fidgety/tense; travelled/ flown;worrywrotemay/might; rombetter; missnoisemeasuringtake; passed; done; studyingseeing/ meeting; the /her/ourlikeunlikethan; elementsjam; took; place/office/ factory equipment; imported; learning/ studying; excpt/ save/savingaffected/ decidedwhilecompany/ corporation; world enough; harderused; however/ acutallyexplain; obvious/clearstolen;prevented/stoppedrather; nothinglaughingluckily/fourtunately; balming; things/materials/goodswouldn’t; less; consider/ think2001funrathersurprised/astonishedin; bycausedin; byalthough/though; keptplease/ satisfied/happy; lackfind/consider/think; however; on scientists; working; health/ condition out; return; callcaught; stuck ; way;was;hadtend; moreover/ also/ besides; much/far; problem/ question/difficulty; such; repairing/ maintainingan; killedused. Quitted/ stopped; cancer;seeing/watching; advertisement complicated/puzzling/ boring/ inintelligible/dull; fall;sleepy/ frowsy/ boredattend; reserve;book; trouble/difficulties/ problems/ troublespesrsuading; offered/provided/ given; refused ; nobody; job2002at; tookavoid/ prevent; hitmustbored/ tired; needs/ wantsseen; used; rid; too costly/ expensive in; by ; gettingother/ more; lots; these8. occured/ happened; killed; did; recover as; wasn’t ；foundwhose;tell/ see/distinguish/find; year shouting/crying/ yelling; difficulty/ trouble/ problemneither; government; merge; jobs composed; latteridentify/ analyzeGames; on ; announcement / decision average/ incredibleregret; missedreputation/ name; angry/ surprised/ desappointedcomplain;themselves; against warned; choice/ alternatiive/ option 2003was; grewclearly/ neatly/carefully/ distinctly some; decided/ intendedinvented; centurybymeanschef/ cook; talent/ skillringing; perhapswhoseenough; wonder/ doubtmentioned/described/reported; held unless; exceptions/ optionspopularhwole/hottestangry/ furious/ indignant; of ; stolen smoking; health/lungplaying; minesurprisedbroke; ought; managedsettle; smaller/bigger/largercarried; results/ findingsreally/ comletely/such; would ; on watching; hardly/ couldn’tboth; much/ far/ becominggot/received/read; postponed/ delayed driving; countriesnone; now/ available/stocked/ left2004an; unlikemuch/farcarry/ liftexplained; difficultydamaged; forshallturned/ handedtired/ exhausteditsome; pregnantcharges; check;stayedaboutwore; elseownsinterestedfun; happy; almost/ enarly; untilwritten/ published/ printed; none; trying/eager; happenhad; wonderexpectedoftenanswering;; annoyedgive; the ; expert; lot since/ asloaf; unfortunately/unluckily; cheap reachapply; expired; Embassy; lasts/takes 2005weather; drove closes/ opens; checksmoothly; lessexcept; elsemaytaught;job; facotry/ plantangry; would; tookwith; enjoyed/ funduring; moises/noisejokes; everlooking; wait; findapprove; thing/ habit; chance/possibility/ dangerof; used; prison/ jaildifficulty; complainwent/left; start/ go/ leaveby; workprevent/stop/avoidneither;work/orderplanned; unable; howeversucheachheavier/fattermust;strange/oddfew;reluctant/unwillingwithout; unless2006returning/ back; foran; doubt; howeveroftendifference; look. Are.seem microscope;nakedbefore; excited; staying; blocks ; forward at; regards ;soonidea; anyone/ anybodyavailable; mind ;insteadgettingthose; what/ anything; other; along/in/ on/ downunder; coolertook could; exactly ; contrast; tends left; wanted; wouldn’ttime; had; fortunately; another; charge unusual/strange; wondermaking/giving/delivering; helpbitten/chasedhad/ madehis2007wroteallowed/permitted/ asked/ told reading; agosurprsing/odd/funnytimes; often/frequentlyin; saysdelayed/ postponed; informed/ clear differencespent; wonderno; dealan; enjoy; know;whiletaughtidea/suggestion; goingbigger/smaller/largerattended; sponsored/held; a lasted; followed; some/ all/oneused; injured; still; if/though; since rose; for; dropping/fallingwhose;doing; until; need/havebetter; mightsoonsold; according; story/storey; as2008attendOlympic; heldwhoseaccidentweighimportedsome; about; inlet; carclean; before/unlessbigger; couple; take; onsince; went; taughthit/striken/damaged; collapsed/ damaged; killed/deadan; provide/offer/find; matter补充说明：关于provideProvide 常用的结构是provide sb withsth,和provide sth for sb 如：The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning service for guests.宾馆为顾客提供一项擦鞋的服务。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题I don’t write （1）letters these days, just an occasional one to an aging aunt of mine. Ordinarily I use e-mail to stay in（2） with people.【答案】1.many2.touch【解析】1.语义题。

此处用many修饰letters。

与前面的否定词don’t连起来表示我最近没怎么写信。

2.固定搭配。

stay in touch with 保持联系。

2.填空题My parents have been（1） me to （2）married for the last two years, but I still haven’t made up my （3）.句意: 在过去的两年里，我的父母一直让我结婚，但是我仍旧没有做好决定。

【答案】1.asking2.get3.mind【解析】1.固定搭配。

Ask sb. to do 要求某人做某事。

此处表示“一直”,用现在完成进行时,所以填asking。

2.固定搭配。

Get married 结婚。

3.固定搭配。

Make up one’s mind 下决心。

3.单选题I’m sorry I have to cancel lunch on Tuesday. My secretary informs me that I'll be in meetings all day long to put the final touches on our budget for next year. How does your schedule look next week?问题1选项A.sorry I have to cancelrmsC.all day longD.put the final touches on our budget forE.没有错误【答案】E4.填空题One of our articles is about to be （1）in Nature. Everyone is pleased that it’s appearing in a high-profile international journal, but there was a serious（2）in our research group （3）over who should be the lead author. Some of the（4） of the group are still angry.【答案】1.published2.such3.debate4.members【解析】1.语义题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题Professor Reich’s plane is（1） at 2:30. Can you go to the airport to（2） him up?【答案】1.arriving2.pick【解析】1.语义题。

Arrive at到达。

2.固定搭配。

pick sb. up接某人。

2.填空题I have no（1） who lives in that grey three-story house（2） the road. I see lights on in the windows most evenings, but I have never see （3）going in or out.【答案】1.idea;2.across;3.anyone【解析】1.固定搭配。

第一空是固定用法have no idea 不知道。

2.介词辨析。

第二空应填入介词,后面说I see lights on in the windows,由此可知观察者能看见那栋房子的方位, 故填across。

3.语义题。

第三空应填入宾语。

前面是否定词never,因此填anyone。

3.单选题The scientists were very frustrating as they tried again and again to use the mechanical arm to pick up the smooth, slippery object from the bottom of the sea and bring it into the vessel.问题1选项A.were very frustratingB.as theyC.again and againD.bring it into the vessel.E.没有问题【答案】A【解析】形容词误用。

1.The Chinese characters for “coal” and “bad luck” have the same sound (mei), so some superstitious people areconvincedthat digging for coal means bringing bad lucks to oneself.2.Wang Weiping went to the US as a visiting scholar for a year and a half. When he returned back to Beijing, heestablishedA B Ca joint research project with the geologists on the campus where he had done his research.D3.Half of samples we brought back from our expedition to northwestern Tibet are being analysed in this lab. The otherhalf4.In recent years India has witnessed many terrible fires in factories and dormitories. The reasons of these fires areusuallyA Bclear, but this has not led to much effective action to cut the number of deaths from such disasters.C D5.After graduating from Fudan University and working for SINOPEC for five years, Li Weidong went to Australia tostudyA Bfor a MBA. He expects to get his business degree in early 2006.C D6.That construction firm has a poor safety record. When a worker gets hurt or killed, the managers usually givecertain amount of compensation to the family of the victim, but they don t take the safety problem very seriously.C D7.Thank you very much indeed for editing my latest paper and speaking to Professor Johnson about my precariousfinancialA Bsituation. I greatly appreciate all your helps.C D8.Fatalities in China’s coal mines are much too common. No matter whether the mines are large or small, the death rateA Bfrom accidents is unacceptably high. Miners need better safety, not better safety regulations.C D9.Yesterday a police stopped me on the street and asked me to show my identification papers. I had no idea why hewasA B Cstopping me and he wouldn’t explain his action. ED10.The only trip that I have ever taken abroad was to South Korea, but I have ever traveled to 18 provinces of China,includingA BCTibet, Xinjiang and Qinghai. I hope to travel to India on business next year.D11.In part because of increased demand from China and India, both which have rapidly growing economies, the prices ofoil,A Biron and other key resources have almost doubled since the early 1990s.C D12.I stepped up to the inspection window, then I showed the customs official my ticket, passport and entry card. HestudiedABmy visa for what seemed a long time before he finally handed everything back to me.C D13.Three Chinese leading geologists came to the conference and took part in a very stimulating panel discussion. It was14.Yesterday Li Weidong and I took a small truck to Tianjin to pick up some new equipments for our laboratory. On thewayA B Cback we had to change a tire.D15.It wasn’t until Anne received John’s letter from Brazil that she learned of learn of v,+prep. 得知，获悉，听说（与learn about同义）his decision to break off their engagement. HeA B Chadn’t had the courage to tell her directly, so he informed her by letter instead. ED16.Over the years I have found that Chinese students who usually have good math training tend to make bettertechnicians thanA B C17.always make it possible for him to get a good job and earn plenty of money.C D18.In order to do research in this border area we must first apply for permission from the China government. I am notsureA B Chow easy it will be for us to get such permission for work this summer. It’s already May now, after all.D19.Some geographers predict that Beijing and Tianjin will eventually grow together, becoming one gigantic urbancomplexwith 40 million inhabitants. Tianjin, which is in the southeast of Beijing, today has about half the population of the capital.C D20.Both Henan and Anhui have good rail links with the rest of China, but Anhui benefits from being closer tothe Shanghai area. Otherwise the economic problems that Henan faces are more or less the same with those of Anhui.[1] Women live longer than men. This is unfair, but true. In developed countries the average difference in lifespans is five or six years. In the poor world the gap is smaller, owing to the risks of childbirth, but nowhere is it absent. The question is why?[2] That question can be answered at two levels. An evolutionary biologist would tell you that it is because women get evolutionary bonus points from living long enough to help bring up the grandchildren. Men, by contrast, wear themselves out competing for the right to procreate in the first place. That is probably true, but not much help to the medical profession. However, a group of researchers at John Moores University, in Liverpool, England, has just come up with a medically useful answer. It is that while 70-year-old men have the hearts of 70-year-olds, those of their female peers resemble the hearts of 20-year-olds.[3] Professor David Goldspink and his fellow researchers looked at 250 volunteers aged between 18 and 80 over the course of two years. All the volunteers were healthy but physically inactive. The team's principal finding was that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25% between the ages of 18 and 70, while that of the female heart remains undiminished.[4] Each volunteer's heart function was measured before exercise and at peak exertion on a treadmill. In particular, the researchers measured blood flow and blood pressure. Their subjects were also given an ultrasonic scan to measure the size of the chambers of their hearts, the thickness of the heart's muscular wall, and its filling and emptying actions.[5] The researchers found that between the ages of 20 and 70, men lose one-third of the contractile muscle cells in the walls of their hearts. Over the same period, women lose hardly any contractile cells. There is a strong link between the number of these cells and the function of the heart. What remains a mystery is why men lose these cells and women do not.[6] A previous theory of why women outlive men suggested that the female sex hormone, oestrogen, could have a protective effect on the heart. But Dr Goldspink dismisses this idea, saying that there is no discernible drop-off in female heart function after menopause, when oestrogen levels decrease dramatically. However, oestrogen does have a beneficial effect on blood vessels. The study found that blood flow to the muscles and skin of the limbs decreases with age in both sexes. The changes in the structure of the blood vessels occur earlier in men, but women catch up soon after menopause.[7] It's not all bad news for men, though. In a related study, the team found that the hearts of veteran male athletes were as powerful as those of inactive 20-year-old male undergraduates. But can men really recover lost heart function after a lifetime of inactivity and poor diet? Is it ever too late to start exercising? “I think the answer is no,” says Dr Goldspink.“The health benefits to be gained from sensible exercise are to be recommended,regardless of age.” So if you are male and middle-aged, get on with it.1 Professor Goldspink and his colleagues discovered thatA women have stronger hearts than men doB men’s hearts are damaged by the effort to procreateC childbirth weakens women’s heartsD men’s hearts lose power as they age2 Dr Goldspink’s group used ultra-sound toA assess the characteristics and operating capacity of each volunteer’s heartB check the size of the area surrounding each volunteer’s heartC create pictures of each volunteer’s heart as it filled and emptiedD measure the efficiency of each volunteer’s heart before and after exercise on the treadmill3 According to the facts presented in the article, the female hormone oestrogenA shields the female heart from the effects of agingB promotes the flow of blood to a woman’s arms and legsC causes a decline in female heart function after menopauseD greatly improves the quality of blood in women4 At menopause, the amount of oestrogen in a woman’s bodyA rises slightlyB fluctuatesC plungesD soars5 Most males reading this article would probably conclude that they shouldA eat a richer dietB be more careful about the kind of exercise they getC give up smokingD get more exercise[1] When I was a student in the 1960s, anyone who believed that there might be life on other planets was considered a crackpot. Now all that has changed. The claim that life is widespread in the universe is not only respectable, it also underpins NASA's ambitious astrobiology program. Find another Earth-like planet, astrobiologists say, and life should have happened there too. NASA is spending billions of dollars to search for life on Mars, the most Earth-like of our sister planets. But we may not need to go all the way to Mars to find another sample of life. It could be present under our very noses. No planet is more Earth-like than Earth itself, so if life started here once, it could actually have started many times over.[2] Geologists believe life established itself on Earth about four billion years ago. Australian rocks dated at 3.5 billion years contain fossilized traces suggesting that microbes were already well established by then. But the ancient Earth wasnot a pleasant place. Huge asteroids and comets mercilessly pounded the planet; the biggest impacts would have covered our globe in burning rock vapor, boiling the oceans dry and sterilizing the surface worldwide.[3] How did life emerge amid this violence? Quite probably it was a stop-and-go affair, with life first forming during a lull in the bombardment, only to be annihilated by the next big impact. Then the process was repeated, over and over. As the bombardment began to abate and the impacts diminished in severity, isolated colonies of primitive microbes sheltering deep underground managed to survive. One of these colonies was destined to become life as we know it.[4] What about the preceding life forms? Were they all completely destroyed? It's possible that pockets of microbes could have survived in obscure hiding places until the next genesis, opening up the tantalizing prospect of two or more different forms of life co-existing on the same planet. Although they would compete for resources, one type of life was not necessarily bound to eliminate the rest. After all, "life as we know it" includes many very different species of microbes that exist side by side.[5] Thus, microbes from another genesis – life of a very alien, still unfamiliar type - could conceivably have survived on Earth until today. The chances are that we wouldn't have noticed. Under a microscope, many microbes appear similar even if they are as genetically distinct as humans are from starfish. So you probably couldn't tell just by looking whether a micro-organism is "our" life or alien life. Genetic sequencing is used to position unknown microbes on the tree of life, but this technique employs known biochemistry. It wouldn't work for organisms on a different tree using different biochemical machinery. If such organisms exist, they would be eliminated from the analysis and ignored. Our planet could be teeming with alien microbes without anyone suspecting it.[6] How could we go about identifying "life as we DON’T know it"? One idea is to look in unusual environments. Our awareness of the range of conditions in which life can thrive has been extended greatly in recent years, with the discovery of microbes dwelling near scalding volcanic vents, in radioactive pools and in total darkness far underground. Yet there will be limits beyond which our form of life cannot survive; for example, temperatures above about 130 degrees Celsius. If anything is found living in even harsher environments, we could examine it to see whether what enables it to survive is so novel that it cannot have evolved from known life.[7] Identifying alien organisms in less extreme settings would be a much harder challenge, especially if they use the same basic molecules as familiar life - nucleic acids and proteins. But there is one sure indicator. The building blocks of proteins, called amino acids, are all unbalanced in the same distinctive way. Viewed in a mirror, these "left-handed" amino acids would appear right-handed. Such mirror-image molecules exist, but the life forms we are familiar with don't use them. Most biochemists think it is just an accident that "life as we know it" selected the left-handed version. If this supposition is correct, then there is a 50-50 chance that alien life would have favored the right-handed version. Such "anti-life" would eat "anti-food": right-handed amino acids and other mirror molecules. This offers a simple way to filter out known life from alien life. Prepare a culture medium of anti-food and see if anything flourishes. Of course it's a long shot, but it is easy to try, and scientists at the Marshall Space Flight Center are now testing the response of microbes from various extreme environments to a bowl of anti-soup.[8] Even if alien life has not survived to the present day, it may still have left traces. Geochemists have identified organic detritus from ancient microbes in rocks as old as 2.7 billion years. Alien organisms might have left remnants containingodd suites of molecules or produced distinctive geochemical alterations like unusual mineral deposits. These remnants would still give us a genuine “second sample”, a form of biology that is unrelated to familiar life. By comparing the way evolution works in both cases, we could identify which features of life follow from general principles and which are just accidents of history.[9] But there is a more profound dimension to this research. Nobody knows how life began. Somehow a mixture of lifeless chemicals assembled itself into a primitive organism, presumably through a long and complex sequence of chemical reactions. Our ignorance of this process is so great that scientists can't even agree on whether it was a gigantic, one-time chance event, or the expected and frequent outcome of intrinsically life-friendly natural laws, as the astrobiologists hope. The discovery of a second sample of life on Earth would confirm that bio-genesis was not a unique event and strengthen the belief that life is written into the laws of the cosmos. It is hard to imagine a more significant scientific discovery. Our view of the universe and our place within it would be forever transformed, and we would at last have the answer to the biggest of the big questions of existence: Are we alone?6 The word “crackpot” in paragraph 1 meansA a ceramic object with a serious flawB a person with the ability to see far into the futureC someone whose views and insights show that he is far ahead of his timeD someone with strange opinions not respected by most educated people7 When he wrote this article, one objective of the author was probably toA influence the public in favor of spending more money on inter-planetary space travelB answer critics of government spending on basic scientific researchC win public support for research on fossil microbes and microbes living in extreme environmentsD criticize NASA for regarding Mars as the best place to seek confirmation that life exists or has existednot only on Earth but elsewhere in the universe8 The author hypothesizes that early life on EarthA arose many times both despite and because of the violence of the environmentB was helped to diversify by the violent environmentC had to be microbial in order to survive amid the violence of the environmentD would necessarily have survived till our times, given the nature of Earth’s environment9 If it actually exists, the “anti-life” referred to in paragraph 7A traveled to Earth from another planetB is based on “right-handed” amino acids or other right-oriented moleculesC would cancel out “life” if brought into contact with itD can readily be detected with conventional genetic sequencing techniques10 Scientists todayA think that life is a bizarre chemical accident almost certainly limited to EarthB are still unable to achieve a meaningful consensus on how life probably arose on EarthC generally share the view that life on Earth is the product of a single huge eventD agree that conditions in the universe favor the emergence of life on countless planets1. Last Saturday the ___weather____ was beautiful, so John got into his car and ____drove___ to the beach.2.Do you know when the bank ___opens___? I need to cash a ________check_______.3.The traffic in Stockholm moves ___fast_____ even at the rush hour. Usually I can get home from work in __less___than half an hour.4. Everyone ___except__ John and Silvia has seen the film. Is there anything _____else_______ to do this evening?5.Why did you send him the article by regular post? You _______should_______ simply have e-mailed it to him.6.My father has ___taught___ mathematics at a secondary school in Shanghai since 1980. My mother has a__job/career_ as chief accountant in a small manufacturing _______factory_______.7.Alan got very ___excited___ when he heard the news. He turned red in the face and started to shout. I was afraid he________would_______ have a heart attack. It _____took_______ him a long time to calm down.8.We brought some toys for the children to play _____with_________. All three girls seemed to have_____fun_______. We heard them laughing and giggling all afternoon.9.You’ll have to keep very still ______during_/in_______ the performance. The musicians are particularly eager thatthe people in the audience not make ____noise____ while they are playing the two new pieces by the Russiancomposer.10.I’m not very good at telling ______jokes________. Even when the ones I tell are extremely funny, no one__nearly____ laughs. Stories, on the other hand, are no problem for me to tell.11.On Monday I start my new job. I’m really __looking___ forward to it. I can’t _____wait _________ to meet my newcolleagues and ___find____ out what my duties are.12.I don’t _____approve_________ of smoking. It’s such a disgusting ___thing/action___! It’s especially disturbingwhen young people smoke. Don’t they read? Aren’t they aware of the _______danger________ of getting cancer from cigarettes?13.The court has decided that John Adams is guilty _____of_______ stealing from the company that he _____used____to work for. He is being sent to ______prison______ for five years.14.Did you have any __trouble__ finding my office? A lot of visitors _____complain____ about how hard it is to locate.15.It’’t __go/hurry__ now, they’ll be late and the instructor will beannoyed.16.A: How can we get rid of this foul smell?B: ______Keep________ opening all the doors and windows. Maybe that will ______help/work____.17.The authorities ought to put a traffic light here. A light would help to ______avoid_________ accidents.18.One of my roommates is from Jilin and the other is from Baotou. It isn’t surprising that _______none_______ ofthem knows how to cook Sichuan food.19.Our TV set is out of _______order________. The repairman is coming to look at it tomorrow.20.The project was _____planned_____ to be completed last month, but we were __unable__ to finish the work onschedule. _____Fortunately_______________, the authorities were willing to give us an extension.21.Jane is ________such/really______ a liar that you can never trust anything she says.22.We often lend _______each______ other DVDs of foreign films.23.The more you eat, the ______fatter_________ you get.24.Look at all the puddles on the street! It ___must____ have rained pretty hard last night. It’s ___surprising___ that Ididn’t hear any rain falling while I was in bed. Did you?25._Few__ governments can afford to support research in particle physics nowadays. It is hugely expensive. Even theAmerican government is ______ difficult _________ to provide money for new particle physics projects.26.How can I call John ___without___ his telephone number? You can’t call someone _unless__ you have his phonenumber, and John’s is unlisted, so there’s no way to get it that I know of.。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Her advisor persuaded her to remain at Nanjing University to do her doctorate, but she decided to apply to the postgraduate division of the Chinese Academy of Sciences instead.问题1选项A.persuadedB.to do her doctorateC.apply toD.of the Chinese Academy of Sciences instead.E.没有问题【答案】C【解析】固定短语误用。

apply to改为apply for。

apply to适用于…，应用于…。

apply for 申请,请求。

题干意思事 "申请中国科学院的研究生”，故需要改为apply for。

2.单选题Since the data from the experiments are not easy to be analysed, it will be several weeks before we know whether we are free to proceed with the second part of our research program.问题1选项A.fromB.are not easyC.to be analysedD.free to proceed with【答案】B【解析】语法错误。

主谓不一致。

are改成is。

主语the data为单数，故系动词应该用is。

3.填空题Mike left （）saying goodbye. Do you think he was upset?【答案】Without【解析】语义题。

CHINA UNIVERSITY OF GEOSCIENCEPh.D. Entrance Examination in English11 May 1994LISTEN TO THISHello! You are about to take the English test for people who wish to enter the doctoral program in the earth sciences at this school. The test may be rather different from any exam you’ve taken in the past. The first part is a timed listening exercise. The second part will assess your reading comprehension; you will probably be most familiar with the format of the exam. The last part tests your ability to produce good, grammatical English in simple, ordinary situations.Make sure you read and follow the directions for each part of the test.The results of this exam will enable us to compare your preparation in English with that of the other candidates. The “passing” grade is relative; in other words, it will depend on the scores for the whole body of test-takers. You should just relax and do as well as you can. Only the first part is timed; for parts 2 and 3 you will have plenty of time.We shall now begin. Turn the page to part 1. Good luck.PART 1.On your paper you see a list of 48 objects (= things) from everyday life. You will hear short descriptions of 20 of these objects. After listening to each description, decide which object is being described. Then write your answer in the appropriate space on your answer sheet.For example, suppose you hear this: “Object U is a device for cleaning clothes. You fill it with water, add soap, then the dirty clothes, and turn the control dial. The clothes will be swirled round and round in the soapy water, first in one direction, then in the other. Usually there is also a compartment that you can use to spin the excess water out of the clothes.” You decide that object U is a washing machine. you look for WASHING MACHINE on your list. You see that the number next to WASHING MACHINE is 46. You then write “46” next to U on your answer sheet. (Of course, your actual answer sheet only goes as far as the letter T.) You will now have three minutes to look over the list of objects.1. AIR CONDITIONER2. ALARM CLOCK3. ARMCHAIR4. BED5. BICYCLE6. CAMERA7. CANDLE8. CAR9. CARPET10. CHOPSTICKS11. COMB12. DESK13. DOORKNOB14. ELECTRIC FAN15. FAX MACHINE16. FLASHLIGHT 17. FORK18. GUITAR19. HAMMER20. LIGHTBULB21. MIRROR22. MOP23. MOTORCYCLE24. PAGER25. PERSONAL COMPUTER26. PHONOGRAPH27. PHOTOCOPIER28. PIANO29. RADIATOR30. RADIO31. RAZOR32. REFRIGERATOR33. SCISSORS34. SCREWDRIVER35. SPOON36. STOVE37. TABLE LAMP38. TAPE RECORDER39. TELEPHONE40. TELEVISION41. THERMOMETER42. THERMOS BOTTLE43. TYPEWRITER44. VACUUM CLEANER45. VCR46. WASHING MACHINE47. WATER HEATER48. WRISTWATCHANSWERSA B C D E F G HIJKLMNOPQRSTPART 2.Carefully read the passage below and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer by drawing a small circle around the letter of the response you have chosen.There are 15 questions in all, but each question is worth two points on this test. Thus the total value of part 2 is 30 points out of 100 for the test as a whole.The woman, 69 years old and still active as a professor at Harvard University, told a research team that she had begun to find it hard to recall the names of newer faculty members. Not long ago she had forgotten her classroom number when asking for a slide projector to be send up. She had one anxious question for the research team, assembled to study the normal course of mental aging: “Am I losing my ability to remember, and perhaps even to think clearly?”That question is the principle focus of a new wave of scientific inquiry on the decline in mental ability with age. The findings are challenging some basic assumptions, like the believe that such decline is a natural part of the aging process, irrespective of general health.From 20 to 30 percent of people in their 80s who volunteer for cognitive testing perform as well as volunteers in their 30s and 40s, who are presumably in their mental prime. The intellectual and creative productivity in later life of certain artists and intellectuals may represent not so much an exception as an ideal, some experts now say.Dr. K.W. Schaie, a psychologist at Pennsylvania State University, is the director of a major study of normal mental decline in the elderly. For over 35 years, his study has been f ollowing more than 5000 men and women who have been tested regularly. Dr. Schaie’s investigations seek to fill a gap in gerontological research, which, according to Dr. Jack Rowe, president of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine and a leading expert in the field, has focused on disease and disability, and neglected the prospects of maintaining high functioning in old age. Dr. Rowe heads a research network on successful aging sponsored by the MacArthur Foundation. In an interview he pointed out that gerontologists have focused on “the 6 to 15 percent of the elderly who are frail, and then lumped everyone else together as normal. But there is a huge variation from person to person among older people: the older a group gets, the less like each other the people i n it become.”Dr. Schaie’s most recent findings were reported this month in The American Psychologist. Although the study’s results show that on average the decline in these basic mental abilities begins gradually in the middle to late 60s and accelerates in the late 70s, the rate of decline differs for various mental faculties and differs in men and women. The sharpest declines are in basic mathematics. By their late 80s, both men and women only about half as adept in basic math as they had been in their 50s. For men, the least declineshown is in spatial orientation, used, for example, in reading a map correctly. By the late 80s, it had dropped by only about one-eighth on average.For women, the most enduring mental skill is inductive reasoning, assessing the information in a timetable, for just over one-eighth from its height in middle age. One of the drastic declines for women proved to be in verbal comprehension; while that ability dropped relatively little into the 70s, it plummeted by about one-quarter during the 80s. For men, the decline was slight in those years.Another study, this one by Dr. Richard Mohs, a psychologist at Mount Sinai Medical School who is the acting director of a research consortium on normal memory loss and aging sponsored by the Charles A. Dana Foundation, has found that different kinds of memory differ in their vulnerability to aging. “Crystallized” memory, i.e. vocabulary or other knowledge accumulated over the years, holds up very well into old age. “Fluid” memory, on the other hand, the ability to add new information to memory or to recall something that happened recently, is more prone to decline, beginning in the 60s. He found little decline in very short-term memory, like remembering a telephone number just looked up.A pair of Harvard psychologists, Douglas Powell and Kean Whitla, have designed a computerized test of mental skills like long-term and short-term memory, attention, reasoning and calculation; they reported the test in the February issue of Current Directions in Psychological Science. They are the researchers whom the 69-year-old professor spoke with. Their test compares a person’s score with norms for others of the same age, for people who are still in middle age and for others in their own professional group.Dr. Schaie’s study has found certain predictors for good mental function in old age. These include a high level of ability in reading comprehension and verbal fluency, successful career or some other involvement through life and continuing keen mental interests after retirement. Having a flexible in middle age was also a promising indicator. “There is less mental decline in people who adapt easily to change, who like learning new things and enjoy going to new places,” Dr. Schaie observed. The study also found that simply living with someone with these characteristics is beneficial. “It helps to have a high-functioning spouse, since this is your major immediate social environment and support,” Dr. Schaie stated.1. The 69-year-old woman mentioned at the beginning of the passage is finding it increasinglyA. difficult to remember who colleagues areB. difficult to recall some of her colleagues’ facesC. difficult to remember that some of her colleagues are calledD. easy to forget the name of her facultyE. easy to forget what some of her younger colleagues do in the faculty2. Some artists and intellectuals remain productive to the very end of long lives. The writer of the passage states that some expertsA. believe that such examples are more common than gerontologists formerlysupposedB. are certain that such late productivity is impossible for ordinary people in otherwalks of lifeC. are almost certain in the future such late productivity will become quite ordinaryD. suspect that it is wrong to regard such late productivity as abnormal rather thansimply uncommonE. reject the idea that such people can be taken as models for normal human beings3. Dr. Schaie’s findings reveal thatA. the pattern of mental decline among men and women is virtually identicalB. loss of the ability to calculate is severe in women, but much less so in menC. among older women, inductive reasoning is just as impaired by aging as is basicmathD. damage to inductive reasoning among the elderly is about equal for men andwomenE. loss of the ability to calculate is severe in both men and women4. Dr. Schaie tells us that the average 85-year-old woman is likely to have lost a good deal of her ability toA. use numbers and understand languageB. use numbers and read timetablesC. read timetables and use mapsD. understand language and read timetablesE. learn new facts and use numbers5. Dr. Jack Rowe, in addition to serving as director of a well-known medical school,A. is the head of a foundation that gives money for research on the problems of theelderlyB. is one of America’s top gerontologists studying old people with abnormally severememory lossC. is the leader of a tightly coordinated research association studying how to remainhealthy in old ageD. is responsible for deciding which experts on successful aging will get researchfrom the MacArthur FoundationE. is the leader of a loosely coordinated group of research teams studying how toremain healthy in old age6. Dr. Rowe says, “...there is a huge variation from person to person among older people: the older a group gets, the less like each other the people in it become.” This can best be paraphrased (re-stated) asA. The older the people in a group get, the more characteristics they shareB. Differences between individuals in a group diminish as age increasesC. As people age, certain similarities increase, while others become less markedD. Human individuals are very dissimilar at any age; this is no less true as peoplegrow olderE. Overall resemblances between members of a human group decrease as the years goby7. Which of these items would Dr. Mohs not classify as part of your crystallized memory?A. A headline in last week’s newspaperB. The date of your eldest child’s birthC. Your mother’s nameD. The meaning of th e English word “geology”E. The formula for finding the area of a triangle8. What Powell and Whitla have createdA. constitutes a great advance in computer softwareB. compares someone like the 69-year-old woman with other women and with otherpeople of various ages, but not with other university instructorsC. will probably confirm many of Dr. Schaie’s findings and invalidate those of Dr.MohsD. should make it easier to determine the relative mental skills of large numbers ofpeopleE. will be of little use to Dr. Schaie but very valuable for Dr. Mohs9. If you were a young man thinking of getting married and you asked Dr. Schaie for advice, he would probably tell you toA. marry someone quiet and dependableB. seek unity and stability in your marriageC. marry someone lively and curiousD. avoid woman who are always trying to change their situationsE. choose someone who would rather read than travel10. This articleA. is limited to a discussion of Dr. Schaie’s recent researchB. surveys recent developments in study of aging and the elderlyC. gives an overview of recent advances in the understanding of the relation betweenold age and mental activitiesD. is primarily a criticism of the excessive concentration among earlier gerontologistson sever memory loss by the elderlyE. explains recent advances in scientific understanding of the physical mechanisms ofmental decline among the aged11. given that the average person is unlikely to know that geronto- is the Greek root meaning “old person” (see lin e 25), we may reasonably conclude that this article is intended forA. Gerontologists interested in recent developments in their fieldB. schoolchildren being taught how to deal with difficult old peopleC. doctors who need a technical summary of recent advances in mental researchD. university-educated readers curious about recent work in gerontologyE. adults with secondary-school educations or less who want to know what willhappen to their memories as they grow older12. The word challenging in line 11 meansA. supportingB. supplying evidence forC. disprovingD. bringing into doubtE. suspicious13. The word cognitive in line 15 isA. an adjective pertaining to act of knowing and judgingB. a verb meaning to invent by using the power of one’s brainC. a noun related to the word recognizeD. an adjective referring to the process of agingE. a noun meaning a mental action, especially one involving recognition14. The opposite of flexible in line 83 isA. easyB. bendingC. difficultD. strongE. rigid15. The word promising in line 83 meansA. indicating a definite resultB. productiveC. strongly suggesting possible resultsD. guaranteeing certain resultsE. guaranteed by the evidencePART 3.The sentences below contain one or more blanks. Write one appropriate word in each blank. There may be several appropriate choices, but you must write only one. Your choice must be logical, grammatically correct and properly spelled. In other words, it must be acceptable real English. Any answer in good English is correct.Put only ONE word in each blank. Contractions like he’s or they’ve are considered one word. If you put more than one word in a blank, your answer will automatically be wrong.1. Yesterday I gave my mother ——— orange sweater for ——— birthday.2. I was hungry, ———I went into a restaurant and ordered ———food. The waiter ———a long time to bring me ———I had ordered. When he finally brought it, he ———for the delay.3. Someone ———just given me a typewriter. Do you think you could ———me to type?4. Look at the time! It’s already 5:10, and we have to be at the station by 5:45! If we don’t ———up, we’ll ———our train.5. The stores are so crowded today and the film at the theatre is terrible. ———just stay home and ———television instead. Of co urse, If you’d really ———go out, we cando that. I’ll leave it up to you.6. These documents are all in Chinese. We need to ———them translated ———English in time ———the meeting with the foreign businessmen ———Friday.7. My parents have been ———me to ———married for the last two years, but I still haven’t made up my ———8. ———to the weather report on the radio, it’s raining in Shanghai, but that ———be true. I was just on the phone to Shanghai and the ———I spoke with said it was sunny there.9. After I ———the university entrance exam I was extremely upset, because I was almost sure I had ———the test. To my ———, it ———out that I had gotten the highest score in the province!10. This man claims that he’s from Beijing, but he speaks with a strong southern ——It’s obvious that he is just ———to be from Beijing. I ———where he’s really from.11. I ———to speak Russian fluently, but that’s not true now. In fact, I can no ——carry on even a simple conversation in the language. I ———be able to get back my former fluency if I stayed in Russia for a ———months.12. Our research team is ———to complete a major project. Our findings will be ———in a series of articles scheduled to appear next year. I will also ———the results at a conference being ———in Sydney later this year.13. We are having some ———with the machine that we imported ———Japan last year. It has ———down twice already. Each time we have ———to ask a technician to come to Beijing to ———it. The good news is that our technicians have ———completed their training in Tokyo. The next time we have a ———, we won’t need to send for a Japanese specialist.14. ———he studied in America for three years, he can’t write English very well. He is rather embarrassed by this now. He ———he had spent more time ———his written English while he was abroad.15. You and I don’t need anyone else’s assistance. We can solve these problems by ———。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The short, smiling man who introduce himself as the manager denied that we had paid more than other people, though he did admit that we had been put in a “special” room.问题1选项A.who introduce himselfB.as the manager deniedC.did admitD.had been putE.没有错误【答案】A【解析】语法题。

时态错误。

introduce改为introduced。

谓语动词为denied,是一般过去时,因此A项定语从句中的动词Introduce也应该用过去式。

2.单选题Three days ago I received an e-mail from the conference organizers apologizing the last-minute changes in the schedule; they sounded genuinely embarrassed at the disorder in their planning.问题1选项A.apologizing thest-minuteC.changes inD.soundedE.没有错误【答案】A【解析】动词误用。

Apologizing后加for。

Apologize是不及物动词,后面接宾语时要加介词for。

3.单选题Don’t get the idea that I’ve bought a new car. Since the motor of my old Volkswagen started to make an odd noise last week, I’m having it repaired. I drive this substitute for a few days.问题1选项A.get the idea thatB.I’m having it repairedC.driveD.for a few daysE.没有错误【答案】C【解析】时态错误。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The students, arriving at the usual time for breakfast, were extremely fhrious when they discovered that the prices of almost the food items had doubled overnight.问题1选项A.students, arrivingB.were extremely fhriousC.almost the food itemsD.had doubledE.没有问题【答案】B【解析】副词多余。

去除extremely。

由 furious 的英文释义“marked by extreme and violent energy or extreme anger”知它已经含有extremely“极其；非常”的意思，故B项这里的“extremely” 属于重复，应该去除。

2.填空题13. We are having some（1） with the machine that we imported （2）Japan last year. It has （3） down twice already. Each time we have（4） to ask a technician to come to Beijing to （5） it. The good news is that our technicians have （6）completed their training in Tokyo. The next time we have a（7）, we won’t need to send for a Japanese specialist.句意:我们去年从日本进口的这台机器正有些故障。

中国地质大学(北京）2007年博士研究生入学考试专业英语试题（理学)把下列短文译成汉语（1——必译，2、3—-选1)(共40分）1、Quakes Renew The Planet(地震让世界焕然一新）(30分）The advantages began billions of years ago, when this crustal recycling made the oceans and atmosphere and formed the continents. Today， it builds mountains， enriches soils, regulates the planet’s temperature, concentrates gold and other rare metals and maintains the sea’s chemical balance。

Plate tectonics describes the geology. The tragic downside is that waves of quakes and volcanic eruptions along plate boundaries can devastate human populations。

“It’s hard to find something uplifting about 150，000 lives being lost，" said Dr. onald J。

DePaolo, a geochemist at the University of California, Berkeley. “But the type of geological process that caused the earthquake and the tsunami is an essential characteristic of the earth。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题At the moment I’m reading an F.D.A. report that summarizes the debate on the responsibility of various agricultural and manufacturing corporations for the spread of mercury pollution in food products.问题1选项A.At the momentB.an F.D.A. reportC.debate onD.various agricultural and manufacturingE.没有错误【答案】E2.单选题Since the data from the experiments are not easy to be analysed, it will be several weeks before we know whether we are free to proceed with the second part of our research program.问题1选项A.fromB.are not easyC.to be analysedD.free to proceed with【答案】B【解析】语法错误。

主谓不一致。

are改成is。

主语the data为单数，故系动词应该用is。

3.填空题（1）he studied in America for three years, he can’t write English very well. He is rather embarrassed by this now. He （2）he had not spent more time（3） his written English while he was abroad.句意: 尽管在美国学习过三年，但是他的英语书写能力却很差。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题When he came out to the lobby to help us find a taxi as we were about to head for the airport, we thanked him for all the helps he had given us during our stay and invited him to look us up in Shanghai if he ever found himself there.问题1选项A.as we were about to head forB.helps he had given usC.look us up inD.ever found himself there.E.没有错误【答案】B【解析】语法题。

名词的数误用。

Helps 改为help。

Help表示“帮助”时, 是不可数名词。

2.填空题In general, I’m glad that I don’t own a car. （1）I do wish that I （2 ）a motorcycle, though. It （3）be nice to be able to get（4） of the city on weekends. I enjoy wandering in the mountains（5） the north and west of our campus, but transportation（6） make it hard for me to do that more than three or four times（7） year. A motorbike is just what I need. 【答案】1.sometimes2.owned3.would4.out5.to6.Problems7.a【解析】1.语义题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题I wish that John would write more （）. I can never read his notes and letters【答案】clearly【解析】语义题。

句意: 我希望John写字更清楚些, 我看不懂他的笔记和信件。

这里需要填一个副词,修饰wirte(写)。

2.单选题His schedule is jammed with meetings and other sorts of events; I very much doubt that he will have time to attend the annual drama festival on our campus.问题1选项A.jammed with meetingsB.very much doubtC.have time to attendD.on our campusE.没有问题【答案】E3. 填空题John used to drink heavily at business gatherings. His friends and （1）warned him not to drive when he had been drinking, but he always（2） their warnings and drove anyway. The （3）never stopped him while he was on the road, so he concluded that he was an excellent driver （4） when he was drunk. This,（5） , was false, as he proved one evening on his （6）back from a dinner with clients. Very drunk, he drove through a red light and crashed into an oncoming car with five passengers. Two were （7）instantly, two were injured and one, the driver, escaped unharmed. John survived, but he spent two and a half months in the hospital （8） from his many injuries. After his trial he was sent to（9） for three years. He was released last month. Now he is（10） to rebuild his life.【答案】1.colleagues2.ignored3.police4.even5.however6.way7.killed8.recovering9.jail10.trying【解析】1.语义题。

中国地质大学考博英语必备复习资料 II. Situation writing1. Story/ Report TypeParagraph 1 描述文字+得出结论It is quite obvious / apparent to all of us that the above story describes that 讲故事(2-3句慨述. From this story, we can easily arrive at such conclusion that _结论(参考提示语).Paragraph 2 根据主题分类展开或举例说明Undoubtedly, such case frequently occur in our daily life. A case in point is that _______. There is another example to illustrate this point. 例子 (也可根据主题分类， 参考前面的models 1-4) Paragraph 3作者的结论或评论Based on what has been illustrated above, we should have a correct attitude towards 主题 ――(解释主题)(如one’s life consists of lots of goals. )If we … , we will necessarily benefit a lot from it.2. Graph TypeParagraph 1 慨述图标+具体变化As can be seen clearly from the above graph, there has been an obvious tendency with respect to ______ (参考提示语) in the past ___years. According to the figures shown in the graph, the number of (private cars )…rose slightly from___ in ____to_____in _____. However, there was a sudden rapid decline in the number of ( private cars ) from … to…in______.Paragraph 2紧扣主题句，分析原因（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ: 772678537) Obviously, it is not difficult for us to come up with some possible factors that contribute to the above tendency. In the first place, …. In the second place, …. At last, ….Paragraph 3发表议论，提出建议或预测Based on what has been analyzed, we can say that the drawer intends not only to tell us the fact itself, but also set us thinking about _____. By the way, we may reasonably predict that, with the further development of reform and opening-up, the number of ______ will continue to grow steadily in the forthcoming decade.3. Cartoon TypeParagraph 1 描述漫画+得出结论Here is a vivid and lively cartoon which depicts ______(2-3句概述, Obviously, this picture conveys us a strong message that _______ Paragraph 2 根据主题分类展开或举例说明It is not difficult for us to come up with some possible factors that contribute to the above phenomenon if thinking carefully. To begin with, …. What’s more,…. At last,…Paragraph 3作者的结论或评论Based on what has been discussed, I personally believe that it is high time for us to adopt some effective measures to deal with such situation. On the one hand,… ; on the other hand,…. Only in these ways can we _____ ( prevent….from…;guarantee …; protect …from…; solve this matter effectively and successfully)III, 考生造句标准和原则必须符合下列句型原则1. 基本句型 (详见笔记---五大基本句型)2. 扩展句型 (详见笔记---三种扩展方式)3. 特殊句型 (详见笔记---十大特殊句型)英语写作句型训练示范1. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。