过去分词作宾补
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过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语,表示被动的、完成的动作,宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。
【归纳】可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的(短语)动词有:1. watch, see, observe, look at, hear, listen to, find, notice等感官动词。
如:I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.The man found his hometown entirely destroyed.2. make, get, have, keep, leave等使役动词。
如:My mother has her hair cut every two months.We must get the work finished before 6 o’clock.The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.3. want, order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词。
如:All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting.The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible.【拓展】★介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语,构成with复合结构。
如:With more flowers planted, the garden looks very beautiful.★动词⁃ing形式、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别:动词⁃ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语,宾语是其动作的执行者。
动词⁃ing形式强调动作的正在进行或延续性,不定式强调动作的全过程。
过去分词作宾语补足语,通常宾语是其动作的承受者,多强调动作的完成。
Grammar: The Past Participle used as the object complement(过去分词作宾语补足语)一.什么是宾语补足语?在英语中,有些动词除了一个宾语外,还需要一个成分来补充说明宾语的动作、身份、内容或状态。
这样,句子意义才能表达完整,这种成分在英语中被称为宾语补足语。
宾语补足语用来说明宾语的His joke makes me happyWhen they got there, they found the bank robbed二. 过去分词作宾语补足语的意义:表被动/完成及物动词的过去分词过去分词不及物动词的过去分词:1.及物动词的过去分词作宾补时,宾语和过去分词之间是被动完成的关系或仅仅是被动关系。
He didn't notice his wallet stolenI want the letter postedThe manager doesn’t like such questions discussed at the meeting2.不及物动词的过去分词(如go ,fall, change等)作宾补时,仅表示“完成”,宾语和过去分词之间无被动关系。
She found her necklace gone on her way home.(只表完成)二.过去分词作宾补的几种情况:1.用在感官动词或心理状态的动词,如watch, notice, see, hear, feel, listen to,think ,find, 等词的宾语之后作宾补。
We can hear the windows beaten by the rain drops.When we got to school, we found the door locked.2.用在使役动词,如have, make, keep, get,leave等词的宾语之后作宾补.They kept the door locked for a long time.Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.(特别注意:have sth done可表示三种含义:)①表示“使某物/某事被做”(由别人做),此时have可用get 代替。
过去分词作宾语补足语宾语补足语用来补充说明句子的宾语。
过去分词作宾补时具有以下特点:(1)过去分词(done )常表示动作的完成、状态或动作的全过程。
(2)宾语与过去分词在逻辑上常存在着被动关系。
(3)不及物动词的过去分词作宾补时没有被动意味,只表示动作的完成和状态。
I was glad to see the child well taken care of .He kept the windows shu t all the year.Could you please mak e yourself known to us ?You must get your article finished before going home.When I returned there, I found the bag gone.2. 后接过去分词作宾补的词:(1)表感知的动词:see, watch, find, observe, notice, hear, feel, taste, smell , etc.I heard the song sung in the next room.(2)表使役的动词:have, make, get , etc.We should work harder to get the work done on time.(3)表想法、愿望的动词:want, should like, would like , etc.I want the photo copied.I ’d like Lucy invited, too.(4)表某种状态的词:keep, leave , etc.When you were out, you should keep the lights turned off.The boys went to play football, leaving their homework undone.(5) with +n+P.PHe sat there with his eyes fixed on the TV . with his eyes closed. He went home happily with his work finished. 重难点1: make / have sb. do 命令/安排某人做某事 have sb. doing have sb. / sth. done重难点2:过去分词作宾补和其他非谓语作宾补。
过去分词作宾补一. 过去分词作宾补, 表示动作已经完成或结束. 能用作宾补的过去分词一般都是vt , 表示被动意义或已完成的意义, 有时两者兼之, 作宾补的过去分词与宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系, 即宾语是过去分词动作的对象.eg. After walking up , I found everyone gone .The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard.They found their new bikes stolen.二.需要过去分词作宾补的情况:1. 使役动词 get ,have , keep , leave 等后,可用过去分词作宾补,“致使某人或某事被……” eg. We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s .I had my record repaired.2. 感官动词feel ,find , hear, notice, see, watch 等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后,表“感受到某人或某事被做”。
eg. I was sleeping when I heard my name called .She found his room cleaned.I saw him bitten by a dog.Fill in the blank .I heard someone _____________ me .I heard my name ______________.I found Tom __________ the window.I found the window___________.3. 表示“意欲,命令”的动词如:like , order , want , wish , 相当于过去分词短语前省略了 to be, 表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”。
过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾补⼀.过去分词作宾补,表⽰动作已经完成或结束.能⽤作宾补的过去分词⼀般都是vt , 表⽰被动意义或已完成的意义,有时两者兼之,作宾补的过去分词与宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象. eg. After walking up , I found everyone gone .The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard.They found their new bikes stolen.⼆.需要过去分词作宾补的情况:1. 使役动词get ,have , keep , leave 等后,可⽤过去分词作宾补,“致使某⼈或某事被……”eg. We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s .I had my record repaired.2. 感官动词feel ,find , hear, notice, see, watch 等表⽰感觉和⼼理状态的动词之后,表“感受到某⼈或某事被做”。
eg. I was sleeping when I heard my name called .She found his room cleaned.I saw him bitten by a dog.Fill in the blank .I heard someone _____________ me .I heard my name ______________.I found Tom __________ the window.I found the window___________.3. 表⽰“意欲,命令”的动词如:like , order , want , wish , 相当于过去分词短语前省略了to be, 表⽰“希望/要求某⼈或某事被做”。
过去分词作宾补的四种情况过去分词作宾补的情况一:表示感觉或心理状态当我们在学习英语语法的时候,过去分词作宾补是一个很重要的知识点。
今天咱们就来聊聊过去分词作宾补表示感觉或心理状态的情况。
比如说,“I was surprised to find my room cleaned.”(我惊讶地发现我的房间被打扫干净了。
)在这个句子里,“cleaned”就是过去分词作宾补,它让我们感受到了“我”那种意外和惊喜的心情。
再比如,“She felt disappointed at the result.”(她对结果感到失望。
)“disappointed”在这里补充说明了“she”的感受。
我有个朋友叫小李,他一直期待能在考试中取得好成绩。
当成绩出来的时候,他发现自己考得很差,心里觉得非常 frustrated(沮丧的)。
这种感觉就像是心里有一块大石头压着,让他喘不过气来。
还有一次,我去参加一个聚会。
本来满心欢喜地以为会玩得很开心,结果发现大家都不太搭理我,那一刻我 felt left out(被忽视的),那种滋味可不好受。
所以啊,过去分词作宾补表示感觉或心理状态,能让我们更生动地表达自己的内心世界,让别人更好地理解我们的感受。
过去分词作宾补的情况二:表示使役咱接着说过去分词作宾补,这次来聊聊表示使役的情况。
比如说,“Have the work finished five o'clock.”(五点之前把工作完成。
)这里的“finished”就是过去分词作宾补,表示让工作被完成。
再举个例子,“He got his bike repaired.”(他让人修了他的自行车。
)“repaired”表明自行车被修理了。
我邻居王大爷的电视坏了,他请了个师傅来修, got his TV repaired,又能愉快地看电视啦。
还有我同学小张,头发太长了,就去理发店 had his hair cut,整个人都精神了不少。
有一回我家灯不亮了,我赶紧找人 had the light fixed,不然晚上可就黑漆漆的啦。
过去分词作宾语补足语讲解
过去分词作宾语补足语是英语语法中的一种结构,通常用于描述被动或完成的动作。
这种结构的构成方式是动词的过去分词形式加上助动词'have, has, had'或'be, am, is, are, was, were'。
例如: I have eaten lunch.(我已经吃过午饭了。
)
The book was written by her.(这本书是她写的。
)这种结构通常出现在及物动词后面,作为宾语的补足语来进一步描述宾语。
在被动语态中,这种结构强调的是动作的接受者,而在完成时态中,它强调的是动作的完成。
需要注意的是,过去分词作宾语补足语时需要与主语保持一致。
例如:
The book has been read by me.(这本书已被我读过。
)
The books have been read by us.(这些书已被我们读过。
)以上就是过去分词作宾语补足语的讲解。
在写作或口语表达中,正确使用这种结构能够使语言更加丰富生动。
- 1 -。
Grammar Unit2 过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾补用法归纳英语中过去分词可作宾补,即:过去分词放在宾语(名词或代词)后面作补语,构成复合宾语,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。
做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词。
如:see, watch, observe, find, hear, feel, notice, 等。
①We saw the thief caught by the police.②People found the water polluted.③Have you heard a pop song sung in English④I heard my name called.⑤The rich man felt himself cheated.⑥We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.>我们可以听到大雨敲打窗户的声音。
⑦I observed all the rooms broken into.注意:see, hear, watch, notice 等动词后既可以加v-ing 也可以用do(不带to的不定式),还可以跟done,但三者之间有区别: 用v-ing 表示动作正在发生,即发生的过程还没有结束; 用do强调动作发生的全过程,即动作全过程结束了,用done 表示宾语与宾补之间时被动的关系①I saw her come into the classroom.我看到他进了教室。
②I saw her coming into the classroom.我看他正在走进教室。
③I saw her taken out of the classroom.我看到她被带出了教室。
2)表示“致使”意义的动词。
如:have, make, get等。
过去分词作宾语补足语概念引入上个单元我们学习了过去分词作表语和定语的用法。
现在我们继续学习过去分词作宾语补足语。
看这些句子:1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form theUnited Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government.3. You find most of the population settled in the south.4. They found the window broken.5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.这些句子中的黑体部分都是过去分词作宾语补足语。
用法讲解宾语补足语是同学们学习英语的一个小难点,许多同学都弄不清到底什么是宾语补足语,它的作用是什么,所以我们今天就从宾语补足语讲起,重点讲解过去分词作宾语补足语的内容。
什么是宾语补足语英语中一些动词除需要一个宾语外,还需有宾语补足语句子意义才完整,这样就构成了英语的六种基本句型(见【补充】)中的“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型。
宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。
可作补足语的结构有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。
宾语和其宾语补足语也被称为复合结构。
1. 作补足语的词语:1)We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。
(名词短语作宾语补足语,相当于省略了to be)2)I find learning English difficult. 我发现学英语很难。
1 过去分词作宾语补足语的用法:表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:find,see, watch, observe, hear, feel, notice, think,belivedI heard the song sung in English.He found his hometown greatly changed.(表完成)He found his wallet stolen.(表被动)2 have, make, get, keep, leave(1)I'll have my hair cut(过去分词)tomorrow. 明天我要理发. (have/get sth done让别人做某事) I will have my bike repaired.The manager had/let/made his assistant pick up some hot dogs for the meeting.(have/let/make sb do sth,让某人做某事),用动词原形。
(2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了.(3) Don't leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完.体会区别:What made them so frightened? What made them so frightening?记住:The speaker raised his voice,but he still couldn't make himself heard.Make oneself understood3 "with/without +宾语+过去分词"结构The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.With water heated, we can see the steam.With the matter settled, we all went home. Without the matter setteled, we all ... She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face.4 过去分词在want, like, wish, order等表示“希望”、“要求”、“命令”意义的动词的宾语后面I wish the office painted white before I move in.被动主动Let let sb/sth done let sb/sth doHave have sb/sth done have sth/sb doMake make sb/sth done make sth/sb doGet get sb/sth done get sb/sth to doThe manager discussed the plan that they would like to see____ Carry out carried out carrying out to carry out。