英语辅导：动词的运用与几种基本句型
在英语考试中,同学们最容易出错的地方是在动词的运用上。如何解决这个问题，我认为首先要了解简单句的5种基本句型。其中3种句型与动词的运用有着密切关系。
第一种主语+谓语动词(S+V)
若用动词的适当形式填空,你需要考虑动词的时态和语态,牢记各种时态和语态的构成是非常必要的。
例如:(1)They left(leave) for Beijing yesterday.
(2)———What are you doing now?
———I am reading(read).
第二种主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O)
若谓语后面出现用动词作宾语的情况,请从三方面考虑。
一、只能用动词不定式(to do sth.)
谓语动词(expect,decide,plan,ask,offer,agree,want,pretend,refuse等)后面跟动词不定式作宾语。
例如:I hope to see him tomorrow.
二、只能用动名词(V+ing)
谓语动词(enjoy,finish,consider,mind,can't,help等)后面跟动名词作宾语。
例如:Would you mind speaking more slowly?
三、既可以用动词不定式也可用动名词,但要注意他们之间的区别
谓语动词(like,hate,remember,forget,try等)后面两种形式都可以。
例如:I forget meeting him somewhere.(曾做过)
I forgot to post the etter.(未曾做过)第三种主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(S＋V＋O＋OC)
动词不定式有to或动词不定式省略to或V.+ing这三种形式都可以作宾补。用哪一种形式由谓语动词决定。
(1)谓语动词(ask,tell,allow,advise,invite,want,like,expect,order,warn,encourage等)后面用动词不定式有to的形式作宾补。
例如:His mother allow sher to go out on Sunday.
(2)谓语动词keep后面用动词作宾补,只能用v.+ing形式。
例如：I'msorry.I keep you waiting for a longt ime.
(3)谓语动词(watch,see,hear,notice等)后面用动词不定式省略to的形式作宾补。
例如:I watched a man come out of the bank.(强调动作的整个过程时用省略to的动词不定式)
注意此类谓语动词后也可以用V.+ing形式作宾补。
例如:I heard someone knocking gently on the door.(强调动作正在进行时就用V.+ing 形式)
(4)谓语动词(let,make等)后面用动词不定式省略to的形式作宾补(而help后既可加to,也可省略to)。
例如:———Mr.Lee told us ani nteresting story yesterday.
———It made all of us______.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e6052751.html,ugh
B.to laugh
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e6052751.html,ughed
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e6052751.html,ughing
通过对以上句型的分析,同学们一定会对动词的用法有更进一步的了解。
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动词固定搭配归纳 1.let sb. do (让某人做某事) 2.have sb. do (要某人做某事) 3.make sb. do (使某人做某事) 4.had better do (最好做某事) 5.will please do (愿意做某事) 6.why not do (为什么不做某事呢) 7.why don’t you do (为什么不做某事呢) 8.情态动词后跟动词原形do (can could must should would may might) 1. want to do （想要做某事） 2. would like to do（想要做某事） 3. tell sb. to do（告诉某人做某事） 4. ask sb. to do （请求某人做某事） 5. hope to do （希望做某事） 6. decide to do （决定做某事） 7. start to do （开始做某事） 8. begin to do（开始做某事） 9. need to do （需要做某事） 10.agree to do（同意做某事） 11.plan to do （计划做某事） 12.try to do （尽力做某事） 13.learn to do （学习做某事） 14.have sth. to do（有某事要做） 15.advise sb. to do（建议某人做某事） 16.it’s time to do （到了该做某事的时间了） 17.it takes sb some time to do（花费某人一些时间做某事） 18.too…to…（太……而不能…….） 19. it is +形容词+for sb. to do（it 做形式主语） 20.特殊疑问词后跟to do (what where how when 等) 21.to do 做目的状语 22.to do 做主语 23.help sb. (to ) do (帮助某人做某事)
固定句型及固定搭配归纳 一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的常用动词（意思是此类动词后面要接动词时需用to do 形式，而不能用V.ing形式） afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某expect to do sth. 期待做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词： fail to do sth. 未能做某事long to do sth. 渴望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 二、接不定式作宾补的常用动词 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 = order sb. to do sth.
日语动词变化形式、态式及接续形式小结（初级） （一）动词分类 1、根据变化形式分为五段动词、一段动词、カ变动词、サ变动词。 五段动词：以除る外う段假名结尾的动词（即非る动词）及以る结尾且倒数第二个假名是あ、う、お段假名的动词，是五段动词。 一段动词：以る结尾，倒数第二个假名是い、え段假名的动词，是一段动词。 カ变动词：来る。 サ变动词：する或“汉字”+する。 PS：通常在《标准日本语》中将五段动词写作1类动词、一段动词写作2类动词、カ变动词和サ变动词写作3类动词。 在动词中有特例存在，应该特殊记忆。如：“帰る”按分类应该是一段动词，但实际上它是一个五段动词！ 2、根据和名词关系分为他动词和自动词。 他动词即及物动词，自动词即不及物动词。 他动词和宾语之间用助词を。 （二）动词变化形式。 动词变化形式共6种——连用形、未然形、意志形、假定形、基本形和命令形。 变化时，都是变结尾最后一个假名，以下是用省略说法。カ变动词在变化时发生音变。 1、连用形（ます形） 五段：う段→い段行く→行き 一段：去掉る寝る→寝 カ变：来る→来（音“き”） サ变：する→し勉强する→勉强し 2、未然形（ない形）
五段：う段→あ段＋ない行く→行かない 以う结尾，う→わ＋ない言う→言わない 一段：去掉る＋ない寝る→寝ない カ变：来る→来ない（音“こない”） サ变：する→しない勉强する→勉强しない 特殊的，ある→ない 3、意志形（（よ）う形） 五段：う段→お段＋う行く→行こう 一段：去掉る＋よう寝る→寝よう カ变：来る→来よう（音“こよう”） サ变：する→しよう勉强する→勉强しよう 4、假定形（ば形） 五段：う段→え段＋ば行く→行けば 一段：去掉る＋れば寝る→寝れば カ变：来る→来れば（音“くれば”） サ变：する→すれば勉强する→勉强すれば 5、基本性 基本形就是动词的原形，也就是书上单词表给出的动词。 6、命令形 五段：う段→え段行く→行け 一段：る→ろ寝る→寝ろ カ变：来る→来い（音“こい”） サ变：する→せよ或しろ勉强する→勉强しろ （三）动词接续形式——て、た、たり、たら形。举例时以て形为例子，变化方法都一样。
一.接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的常用动词 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事 choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事need to do sth. 需要做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事 intend to do sth 想要做某事would like to do sth 想要做某事 in order to do 为了做某事seem to do sth 似乎好像做某事 二、接动名词（不接不定式）作宾语的常用动词 admit doing sth. 承认做某allow doing sth. 允许做某事 appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事delay doing sth. 推迟做某事 deny doing sth. 否认做某事discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 keep doing sth. 保持做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事 miss doing sth. 错过做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事 prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事put off doing sth. 推迟做某事 risk doing sth. 冒险做某事take up doing 着手做某事 stand doing 容忍做某事suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 feel like doing 喜欢做某事can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 三、接不定式作宾补的常用动词 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
动词的固定搭配 V+doing 1.finish doing 2.enjoy doing 3.practice doing 4.keep doing keep sb doing keep on doing 5.spend (in) doing 6.suggest doing suggest sb to do 7.mind doing 8.consider doing 9.give up doing 10.look forward to doing 11.be busy doing 12.thanks for doing 13.feel like doing 14.How \what about doing 15.be good at \ do well in doing 16.can't help doing 情不自禁做某事 17.be afraid of doing 18.There is \are + n. + doing 19.go shopping \hiking \swimming \skating \ skateboarding\ boating\fishing 20.do some cleaning \ shopping \reading \speaking \cooking \ washing 21.have (great) fun doing 22.have trouble \ problems \ difficulties \ a hard (difficult) time doing have fun doing 23.find sb doing find it + adj + to do V+ to do 1.want \would like (sb) to do 2.decide to do make a decision to do 3.agree to do 4.plan to do make a plan to do 5.hope/wish to do sth. wish sb. to do sth hope sb + 宾从 6.refuse to do 7.afford to do 8.invite sb to do 9.except sb to do 期盼某人做某事in order to do 为了做某事 10.hurry to do 匆忙去做happen to do 碰巧做某事 11.can't wait to do 迫不及待要做某事 12.what to do how to do it where to go which (one) to buy \to choose 13.be supposed to do = should do 14.teach sb to do 15.go out of one's way to do 特意做 15. ask \ tell \ allow \ get \order \ warn sb. (not) to do sth. be asked \told\allowed \got \ ordered \ warned to do sth.
动词的固定搭配是历次考试中的高频考点，期末考试当然也不例外，考前梳理记忆以下最常考的动词固定搭配，英语期末考试才能得高分哦！ 一. 只接不定式（不能接动名词）作宾语的25个常用动词 1. want to do sth. 想要做某事 I want to buy a new computer this afternoon. 我想今天下午买台新电脑。 2. would like to do sth. 想要做某事 I would like to invite you to come to my birthday party this Saturday. 我想邀请你这周六来我的聚会。 3. wish to do sth. 希望做某事 I wish to live on the moon one day. 我希望有一天在月球上生活。 4. help to do sth. 帮助做某事 I often help to do some chores at home. 我在家经常帮着做家务。 5. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 I hope to have a good rest this weekend. 我希望这周末好好休息一下。 6. learn to do sth. 学会做某事 He finally learned to play the piano with the help of the teacher. 在老师的帮助下，他最终学会了弹钢琴。 7. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事 They managed to escape the fire yesterday. 昨天他们设法逃脱了火灾。 8. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 Never offer to teach fish to swim. 别在强人面前逞能。 9. plan to do sth. 计划做某事 He plans to travel around the world. 他计划要周游世界。 10. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事（时间或金钱方面）We can’t afford to go abroad this summer. 今年夏天我们没有足够的钱出国。 11. agree to do sth. 做某事 He agreed to do it at once. 他同意立刻行动。 12. arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 I arrange to wash clothes tomorrow morning. 我安排好明天上午洗衣服。 13. ask to do sth. 要求做某事 The boy asks to go to school by bike. 这个男孩要求骑自行车去上学。 14. beg to do sth. 恳求做某事 He begged not to be put into prison.
动词固定搭配归纳 sb. do (让某人做某事) sb. do (要某人做某事) sb. do (使某人做某事) better do (最好做某事) please do (愿意做某事) not do (为什么不做某事呢) don’t you do (为什么不做某事呢) 8.情态动词后跟动词原形do (can could must should would may might) 1. want to do （想要做某事） 2. would like to do（想要做某事） 3. tell sb. to do（告诉某人做某事） 4. ask sb. to do （请求某人做某事） 5. hope to do （希望做某事） 6. decide to do （决定做某事） 7. start to do （开始做某事） 8. begin to do（开始做某事） 9. need to do （需要做某事） to do（同意做某事） to do （计划做某事） to do （尽力做某事） to do （学习做某事） sth. to do（有某事要做） sb. to do（建议某人做某事） ’s time to do （到了该做某事的时间了） takes sb some time to do（花费某人一些时间做某事）…to…（太……而不能…….） 19. it is +形容词+for sb. to do（it 做形式主语） 20.特殊疑问词后跟to do (what where how when 等) do 做目的状语 do 做主语 sb. (to ) do (帮助某人做某事)
第二章“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 "It" 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年高考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视，现将it用法归纳如下： 一、It用作实词 表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象…… 二、It用作形式主语 替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。 It 作形式主语的常见句型： 1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为 (1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous… 例It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. (2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy. 例It's kind of you to help me with the problem. (3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型 It's no good/use doing… It's (well)worth doing… It's (well)worth one's while doing/to do… It's (well)worth while doing/ to do 例It's no use crying over spilt milk. 2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型 (1) It is + noun +从句 例It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office. (2) It is adj. +clause It's surprising that…(should)………竟然…… It's a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…… 例It's important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=It's of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.) (3) It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze /bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that… 例It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.) (4) It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do (verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out) 例It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.) (5) It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do (verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know） 例It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.) (6) It is v-ed that … (should)… (verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend 例It is suggested that they should begin with the third question. 三、It作主语的句型 1. It takes sb. …to do…(=sb takes…to do…)某人用多长时间做某事 例It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.) 2. It's (just)(un)like sb. to do…（不）像某人做某事的风格 例It was (just) like him to think of helping us.
动词的几种变化形式 一、动词后面加上ing : ①、现在进行时：表示某个动作正在发生或进行。它的构成方式是：be+动词ing〔现在分 词〕形式，在动词适当形式填空的时候有时会要求自己加上be动词（is, am , are ）。 句子中经常会出现look, listen, now……等具有特征性的词。 现在进行时的句型转换方法： 肯定句：主语+be( am, is, are)+动词ing (They are having a lesson.) 否定句：be(am, is, are) +not(They are not having a lesson.) 一般疑问句：Be调到最前面？注意1、some 2、人称互换(例如：Are they having a lesson.) 对现在进行时的一般疑问句的回答，它可以用Yes,…或No,…直接作答。 ②like(s), go , do , 后面的动词加ing. 例如：1. I like playing football, but my father likes playing chess. 2.Let’s go swimming . 3.She does all the cooking and cleaning . 二、动词后面加s/es. 一般现在时：表示经常性的事情。一般现在时中动词后面加s/es必须满足两个条件： 1、肯定句 2、主语是单数（除了I 和you） 特征性的时间状语：often经常, usually通常, always总是，every每个, sometimes 有时，at…在几点钟。 动词的第三单形式变化： 1.多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes 2 .以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash—washes watch--watches 3.以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es fly—flies study—studies 一般现在时的句型转换方法： 1、否定句：主语后面+don’t或doesn’t+动原 2、一般疑问句：助词开有，然后把句子照抄下来，注意1、动原2、some 3、人 称互换.对一般疑问句的回答，它可以用Yes,…或No,…直接作答。 三、动词用原形的名显特征有： 1、在can , can’t, let’s , shall we 后面用原形。 2、助动词do , don’t , does , doesn’t 后面动词用原形。 3、to +动词原形
英语动词有五种基本形式， 分别是：原形(Original Form )、第三人称单数形式(Singular Form in Third Personal)、过去式(Past Form)、过去分词(Past Participle )、现在分词(Present Participle )。 1.第三人称单数的构成方法与名词的单数变复数规则大致一样，即： (1)一般情况下由动词后加-s构成：work / works，read / reads等。 (2)以s，x，z，sh, ch 以及字母o 结构的动词，后力卩-es：guess / guesses mix / mixes，go / goes, buzz / buzzes finish / finishes，catch / catches 等。 (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加-es： fly / flies，study / studies 等。【注】① 有个别的变化不规则，如have / has be / is等。② 词尾-s和-es读音规则是：在s，x，z，sh，ch后的es读作］iz］，其余的读］z］。.过去式和过去分词的构成方法分规则变化和不规则变化两种。 不规则变化需逐个记忆，规则变化遵循以下原则：(1) 一般情况下，在动词后 加ed构成：work / worked，stay / stayed shout / shouted等。(2)在以-e 结尾动词后只加d：close / closed, like / liked，live / lived，smile / smiled 等。(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加-ed：study / studied, carry / carried 等。 (4)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再力卩-ed： stop / stopped admit / admitted, refer / referred, prefer / preferred 等。【注】(1)以字母l结尾的动词，若末尾一个音节为重读音节，则必须双写l再加-e d,如co ntrol / con trolled，但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节，则可双写I (英国英语)或不双写I (美国英语)，如travel / travel (l) ed。 (2)动词pic nic (野餐)的过去式和过去分词是pic nicked,不是pic niced。 (3)词尾-ed读音规则是：在清辅音后读作［t］,元音和浊辅音后读作［d,, 在辅音［t,或［d,后读作［id,。 3.现在分词的构成方法 (1)一般情况下，在动词后加-ing 构成：work / working , sleep / sleeping , wait / wait ing 等。 (2)在不发音的-e结尾动词去掉e后再加-ing : smile / smiling , move / movi ng 等。 (3)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再力卩-ing : sit / sitting , plan / planning , refer / referring , occur / occurri ng 等。 (4)以字母ie结尾的动词，通常将ie改为y,再加ing : die / dying , lie / lying , tie / tying 等。【注】(1)以字母l结尾动词，若末尾一个音节 为重读音节，则必须双写l再加ing，如control / controlling ，但若末尾一 个音节为非重读音节，则可双写l (英国英语)或不双写l (美国英语)，如travel / travel (l ) ing。 (2)名词变复数、形容词和副词变比较级和最高级、动词变过去式和过去分词等都有“改y规则”，但动词的现在分词没有“改y规则”。(3)动词
英语动词固定搭配词组大汇总A： on the stage 当演员 a few 有些，几个 a great/good deal of 大量（的），许多 a little 一点，稍；一些，少许 a lot of 大量（的）， 很多（的） a matter of （关于...）的问题；大约 a number of 若干 a series of 一系列，一连串 a variety of 种种，各种 able to 能，会 above all 首先，尤其 above all 首先，首要 according to 根据 account for 说明（原因等） accustomed to 习惯于 add up to 合计，总计 after a while 过了一分，不久 after all 终于，毕竟；虽然这样 ahead of 在...前面，先于 ahead of time 提前 all at once 突然，同时，一起 all out 全力以赴，竭尽全力 all over 遍及，到处 all right 行，可以；顺利，良好 all right 好，行 all round 周围， 处处 all the same 仍然，照样地 all the time 一直，始终 allow for 考虑到 along with 与...一起 and so forth 等等 and so on 等等
and so on/forth 等等 and then 而且，其欠，于是，然后anything but 除...之外的任何东西around the clock 昼夜不停地 arrive at 达成，提出 as a matter of fact 其实，事实上 as a result 结果，因此， 由于...的结果as a rule 规章，规则，通常，照例 as far as/so far as 远至，到...程度 as follows 如下 as for 至于，就...方面说 as good as 和...几乎一样，实际上等于as if 好像，仿佛 as long as /so long as 只要，如果 as regards 关于，至于 as soon as 一...就，刚...便 as though 好像 as though 好像，仿佛 as to 至于，关于 as usual 像往常一样，照例 as well 也，又 as well 同样地 as well as （除...之处）也，即...又 as well as 既...又，除...之处（还） as yet 到目前为止，到那时为止 as...as 像...一样 Aside from 除...以外 ask after 询问，问候 ask for 请求，要求 atbest 充其量，至多 atworst 在最坏的情况下 at a loss 因惑， 不知所措 at a time 每次，一次 at all 完全，根本 at all costs 不借任何代价，无论如何 at all events 无论为何 at any rate 无论如何，至少
动词+ s b / a despoil ,fleece ,rob ,spoil ,pillage ,plunder ; bereave ,denude, deprive ,dispossess ,shear ,strip ; deplete ,drain ,empty ,impoverish ; cleanse ,clear ,disabuse ,disburden ,disembarrass ,ease ,exorcise , purify , relieve ,rid ,sweep ; accuse ,acquit ,convict ,impeach ; apprise ,inform ,notify ,remind ,warn ,admonish ; assure ,convince ,persuade ; cure ,heal ; cheat ,defraud ; avail ,suspect ; 抢劫，剥夺，耗尽，消除，控告，提醒，保证，治愈，诈取，利用，怀疑动词+sb into doing sth deceive ,trick ,fool ,lie ,bluff ,juggle ,delude ,bamboozle ,hoax , cajole , kid ,charm ,dupe ,coax ,con ,wile ,wheedle ,beguile ,jockey ,cozen ,lure , entrap ,entice ,inveigle ,rope ,trap ,manoeuvre ,seduce ,humbug , hoodwink ; bounce ,browbeat ,frighten ,intimidate ,stampede ,surprise ; galvanize ,goad ,hurry ,provoke ,stimulate ,sting ; nag ,badger ;
英语动词的五种基本形式 英语动词有五种基本形式，即动词原形、第三人称单数(现在式)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。 1. 第三人称单数的构成方法 与名词的单数变复数规则大致一样，即： (1) 一般情况下由动词后加-s构成：work / works，read / reads等。 (2) 以s, x, z, sh, ch 以及字母o结构的动词，后加-es：guess / guesses, mix / mixes, go / goes, buzz / buzzes, finish / finishes, catch / catches 等。 (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i 再加-es：fly / flies, study / studies等。 【注】①有个别的变化不规则，如have / has, be / is等。
②词尾-s和-es 读音规则是：在s, x, z, sh, ch 后的es读作[iz]，其余的读作[z]。 2. 过去式和过去分词的构成方法 分规则变化和不规则变化两种。不规则变化需逐个记忆，规则变化遵循以下原则： (1) 一般情况下，在动词后加ed构成：work / worked, stay / stayed, shout / shouted等。 (2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d：close / closed, like / liked, live / lived, smile / smiled等。 (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i 再加-ed：study / studied, carry / carried等。 (4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed：stop / stopped, admit / admitted, refer /
1、make a plan for sth, plan to do sth. 2、preview sth. 3、go over sth, review sth, revise sth, 4、listen to the teacher carefully in class,concentrate on what the teachers say,be attentive in class 5、take notes in class, collect mistakes 6、finish the schoolwork on time 7、do one's homework carefully 8、read some books, read a lot, do some / much reading, read aloud read as many books as possible in one's spare time, read a magazine看杂志 9、write a lot, write a report写报告, write sb a letter, write an e-mail写电子邮件 10、discuss sth, have a discussion about sth, 11、work in groups (of five ) 12、prepare for a test, prepare for sth, make preparations for sth 13、take a test, take exams, 14、practise doing sth, 15、ask sb. sth, ask teachers questions, 16、be devoted to doing sth, devote time/efforts to doing sth 17、make great efforts to do sth, spare no effort to do sth 18、stay up doing sth , get up early to do sth, be in a good state, 19、make great /rapid progress in English, improve my English,do well in, be good at, be poor at 20、sth benefit somebody, sth is beneficial to somebody= of great benefit , do good to sb, 21、make a mistake, make the same mistake 22、mark/underline the key words, 23、do an experiment, do experiments, conduct an experiment 做实验, 24、have an English class上英语课, take a lesson, 25、go to school on time, 26、learn sth by heart, keep sth in mind 27、be interested in sth, show interest in sth, sth interest sb， 28、lose heart, be discouraged; be disappointed 29、sth A make sb determined to do sth B. 30、teach oneself, study on one's own; study independently; 31、spend one's spare time in doing sth. It take sb some time to do sth. 32、be active in sth , take an active part in sth, 33、have a try, try again, 34、get/gain 90 grades, get/gain full grades,
abandon v. 1)abandon sth/sb (to sb) 舍弃某物［某人］而被(别人)取得 2) abandon oneself to sth 完全屈从於(某种情感或冲动) accommodate vt.1) accommodate sb with sth 帮忙 2) accommodate to sth 顺应，适应新情况 accuse v. accuse sb (of sth) 指责某人有错﹑犯(某)罪或犯法 add vt.1) add sth to sth 增加，添加 2) add fuel to the fire /flames 火上浇油 3) add insult to injury 既伤害 4) add to this 此外，还 5) add sth in 把…加进去，包括 6) add up (多用于否定句)合乎情理，有道理 7) add up to sth 总共是，总计为 adjust v. adjust (sth/oneself) (to sth) 使适合(新环境等); 适应 admit vt. 1) admit to sth / to doing sth , admit to sb that… 承认事实 2) admit to sth / to doing sth 承认过错，责任 3 ) admit sb /sth to /into sth 准许进入、加入 advocate v. advocate (of sth) (对一事业﹑方针﹑政策等的)支持者, 拥护者aim
vi. 1) aim at doing sth 力求达到，力求做到 2) be aimed at 目的是，旨在 3) aim sth at sb 针对，对象是 argue vi. 1) argue the toss (对决定)徒然地反对，作无谓的争执 2) argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/ 不做某事 3) argue with sth 不同意(说法)，不承认(表述) avoid vt. 1) avoid doing sth 避免做某事 2) avoid sb / sth like the plague 像避瘟疫似的躲避某人 appeal v. 1) appeal to sb (for sth); ~ for sth 恳求; 呼吁 2)appeal (to sb) (对某人)有吸引力; (使某人)感兴趣 3)appeal (to sth) (against sth) (向上级法院)上诉 4)appeal (to sb) (for/against sth) (板球赛中)提请(裁判员)宣布击球员出局或作出其它裁判approach vt. approach sb (about /for sth)/ sb (about doing sth) 接洽，建议，要求avenge v. avenge oneself on sb/sth 向某人［某事物］报仇 balance v. balance A against B 将此一计划等与彼一计划等作价值上的比较 bar v.1) bar sb from sth/doing sth 阻止某人用某物; 阻止某人做某事