湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期阶段性检测一英语试题

2024年湖北省武汉市华中师大一附中高三英语第一学期期末达标测试试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．（2018·海淀二模）—Excuse me, sir. Can you spare me a dollar ________ I can buy this book?—Sure, no problem.A．for B．soC．but D．or2．The only problem was ______ we kept getting lost! But people in Tianjin are very friendly and helpful.A．why B．whetherC．that D．how3．Pele had bags of natural talent, but he ______ without the determination to deal with all the problems life threw in his path.A．would never succeed B．never succeededC．would never have succeeded D．have never succeeded4．—Are you doing your homework？—No, I’m writing a short play．It _____ at the Christmas party．A．will be put on B．will put onC．puts on D．is put on5．________ an increase in foreign legal conflicts，China is expected to see the number continue to rise．A．To witness B．Being witnessedC．Witnessed D．Having witnessed6．（2018·海淀二模）This view is common _________ all sections of the community. A．across B．aboveC．around D．along7．We the top of the mountain but for this awful weather．It rained all day．A．will reach B．would reach C．have reached D．would have reached8．— Why do you look very upset?— The electricity was cut off suddenly and my essay ________ unfinished since. A．was left B．has leftC．had been left D．has been left9．Wu Lei is the only Chinese player has made it onto the latest World Soccer 500 list.A．who B．whichC．whose D．whom10．Face the problem bravely and you ______ a new way to success.A．find B．found C．will find D．have found11．During each NBA season, basketball fans cheer on their favorite teams to make_______ through.A．it B．themC．that D．those12．By the time we ________ from our school, we have been close friends for more than ten years.A．graduated B．will graduateC．are graduating D．graduate13．At the end of the historic area，Wilmington displayed its ________ as a working port city：large ware-houses and a few other dated office buildings．A．achievement B．reputationC．character D．standard14．General Secretary, Xi Jinping, stressed that cross－strait cooperation would be strengthened________ the two sides could agree to oppose Taiwan independence．A．unless B．even ifC．as long as D．until15．Wild applause ______when the crowd waiting heard the announcement of the arrival of the pop star at their community.A．made out B．broke out C．let out D．worked out16．There are a lot of signs men are more likely to have heart attacks than women.A．indicate B．to indicate C．indicated D．indicating 17．—Why does he wear a raincoat on sunny days?—Nor do I understand. He is ________.A．a wet blanket B．a lazy boneC．a black sheep D．an odd fish18．This was returned because the person ________ this letter was addressed had died three years ago.A．to whom B．to whichC．which D．whom19．－The online shopkeeper has made an apology for his rude behavior.－OK. If you’re still not satisfied, you can _______ compensation.A．claim B．affordC．sacrifice D．dismiss20．The fellow we spoke ________ no comment at first.A．to make B．to madeC．made D．to making第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

华中师大一附中2023-2024学年度上学期高三期中检测语文试题本试题卷共8页，23题。

全卷满分150分，考试用时150分钟。

请将答案填涂在答题卡上。

命题人：刘晓霞刘砺萍宋时雨涂平董远举黄桢审题人：黄桢（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-5小题。

材料一：一碗苏式汤面，浇头数以百计，精工细作汇聚万千风味；一曲吴语《声声慢》轻柔婉转，引得青年男女排起长龙，只为一饱耳福；一方园林浓缩天下山水，白天熙熙攘攘、碧叶红花，夜晚清净优雅依旧光影斑斓……这，是2500多岁的不老古城苏州的城市腔调．．．．。

以全国0.09%的土地创造全国约2%的GDP，作为制造业重镇和现代产业集群高地，名列国家创新型城市创新能力前十强……这，是改革开放前沿城市苏州的发展基调。

苏州等城市恰如苏作“双面绣”：一城双面，面面精彩。

千百年来人文与经济的精巧调和、相得益彰，造就了“苏湖熟，天下足”的绵延发展传奇。

如果说人文是城市的腔调，那么经济就是城市发展的基调。

人文与经济协调共生，犹如腔调与基调的匹配融合，是成就优．美乐章．．．的核心所在。

城市的发展基调至为重要，但城市的文化腔调也会反作用于经济发展基调。

苏杭为代表的江南地区，长期活跃的经济促成了持续的文化繁荣，长久的文化积淀潜移默化奠定了城市发展的风格特质。

精致、创新、内涵等文化特质，也是苏州等地经济发展的一贯坚持和内在追求。

文化影响人的创造，将腔调注入，融成独特的物质和精神发展成果。

城市的文化腔调越是醇厚鲜明，城市高质量发展的基调就能更加深厚持久。

小桥流水、丝绸刺绣、戏曲弹唱，丰富的文化元素在苏杭等江南城市汇聚，既塑造了千年文脉遗存、城市精神，更使得丝绸纺织等经济业态长盛不衰。

历史证明，独特的文化中心更容易成为特色的产业聚落，坚韧的城市精神助推创业者深耕产业促成经济繁荣。

城市也随之不断提升功能和品质，实现经济社会更高质量的发展。

强化城市的腔调，稳住发展的基调，我们的城市就能激活人文基因，实现经济社会的高质量发展。

2024届华中师范大学第一附属中学高三英语第一学期期末检测试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Did you pass your driving test?—Yes, otherwise I ________ to the picnic next month.A．couldn't drive B．couldn't have drivenC．won't drive D．wouldn't have driven2．Nowadays, more and more young ladies, figures most are fine enough, are going on a diet.A．who B．whoseC．of whose D．of whom3．—Do you know our town at all?—Surely, this is the third time I ________ here.A．came B．come C．have come D．am coming4．There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ________ a sudden loud noise.A．being there B．should there beC．there was D．there having been5．—What about your self-drive trip yesterday?—Tiring! The road was being widened, and we ________ a rough ride.A．had B．haveC．would have D．have had6．If you want to improve your figure and health, the most effective thing to do is to show up at the gym every time you ________ be there.A．can B．willC．may D．shall7．—Where can we park car?—Don’t worry. There’s sure to be parking lot nearby.A．the; the B．the; aC．不填; a D．不填; the8．No decision __A_ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.A．will be made B．is madeC．is being made D．has been made9．Li Hua ____ his money for dollars before he went on a holiday in America. A．exchanges B．has exchangedC．will exchange D．had exchanged10．—I keep on meeting with difficulties in the experiment. I can hardly go on. —Where there are difficulties, there are ways to get over them. ________A．Suit yourself. B．Good for youC．Pull yourself together! D．What’s the deal?11．Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just ________sweet dreams. A．keep up with B．put up with C．end up with D．catch up with 12．Careers Advice service is only available to people on day-time courses.A．to study B．studyC．studied D．studying13．I like suc h houses with beautiful gardens in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy .A．it B．one C．that D．this14．Some of them, ______ in rural villages, had never seen a train.A．to be born and brought up B．born and brought upC．having born and brought up D．having been born and brought up15．To tell the truth, I didn’t expect that there were so many people ______ the idea. A．supported B．supporting C．to support D．having supported 16．Although the Roma couldn’t be forced to pay taxes, they couldn’t vote ______they agreed to ______a government.A．unless, submit to B．until, correspond toC．when, resign to D．while, compromise to17．_______ a record-breaking seven Golden Globes, the musical La La Land surprisingly does not appeal to Chinese viewers.A．Winning B．WonC．Having won D．To win18．People tend to love agricultural products ________ without the use of fertilizers, pesticides or chemical additives.A．growing B．grownC．being grown D．having been grown19．No one believes his reasons for being late that he was caught in a traffic jam,_______ made him embarrassed.A．it B．which C．that D．why20．The disaster-stricken village was inaccessible ___________ by helicopter, and the storm added to the rescuers’ difficulty.A．instead of B．other than C．rather than D．regardless of第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________1．According to Philippa, what should Mr. Perfect do to live by “internally referencing”?A．Seek others’ advice.B．Make sensible choices.C．Follow his own heart.D．Leave good impressions.2．Why should Mr.Perfect stop impressing others?A．He can never be good enough.B．He is a worthy person as he is.C．His relationship decides his worth.D．His academic performance matters. 3．What does the underlined word “relating” in paragraph 4 mean?A．Showing empathy.B．Turning for help.C．Establishing new relationships.D．Pleasing people.Soaring to 29, 035 feet, the famous Mount Everest had long been considered unclimbable due to the freezing weather, the obvious potential fall from cliffs and the effects of the extreme high altitude, often called “mountain sickness.” But that was to be changed by Edmund Hillary.When he was invited to join the British Everest expedition in 1953, Edmund Hillary was a highly capable climber. The glacier-covered peaks in his hometown in New Zealand proved a perfect training ground for the Himalaya. It was his fourth Himalayan expedition in just over two years and he was at the peak of fitness.On May 28, 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay, an experienced Sherpa (夏尔巴人) set out and reached the South Summit by 9 a. m. next day. But after that, the ridge (山脊) slightly fell before rising suddenly in a rocky spur (尖坡) about 17 meters high just before the true summit. The formation is difficult to climb due to its extreme pitch because a mistake would be deadly. Scratching at the snow with his ax, Hillary managed to overcome this enormous obstacle, later to be known as the Hillary Step.At 11:30 a. m, the two men found themselves standing at the top of the world. “Not until we were about 50 feet of the top was I ever completely convinced that we were actually going to reach the summit.” Hillary later recounted, “Of course I was very, very pleased to be on the summit, but my first thought was a little bit of surprise. After all, this is the ambition of all mountaineers.”Emerging as the first to summit Mount Everest, Hillary Hillary continued by helping explore Antarctica, and establishing the Himalayan Trust (信托基金), through which he provided a number of beneficial services to the Himalayan peoples. He also a sizeable legacy that mountain climbers have chased ever since. As a young climber said, “It was not just Hillary and Tenzing that reached the summit of Mount Everest. It was all of humanity. Suddenly, all of us could go.”4．What made Edmund Hillary a capable climber on the 1953 expedition?A．His undisputed reputation.B．His remarkable physical condition.C．His previous training on Mount Everest.D．His exceptional ability to adapt to the cold.5．What does the Hillary Step refer to?A．A mistake Hillary avoided making.B．A steep spur of rock Hillary conquered.C．An ax Hillary used to scratch snow.D．A sudden fall of a ridge Hillary skipped. 6．What was Hillary’s initial feeling upon reaching the summit of Mount Everest?A．Overwhelming joy.B．Enormous pride.C．Complete disbelief.D．A touch of astonishment.7．What was the impact of Hillary’s achievement on mountaineering?A．It opens up possibilities for other climbers.B．It enabled him to give back to his hometown.C．It left financial benefits for climbers to pursue.D．It led to friendly regulations for mountaineering.With the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits, DNA testing for dogs has become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable insights into a dog’s breed, health risks, and even behaviors.DNA testing typically works by analyzing the genetic material found in a sample of cells taken from the inside of your dog’s cheek. This sample is then compared to a database of known breeds and genetic markers associated with certain traits or health conditions.The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting which type you want. Most companies offer several different types of tests that vary in cost and complexity. For instance, some tests just analyze your dog’s breed composition, while others can assess additional genetic markers associated with certain diseases or behaviors.Then it’s time to collect your dog’s sample using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube included with most kits. The swab should be gently rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions before being placed into the collection container provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be mailed back to the laboratory for processing according to instructions given by the company providing the service. Once received by the lab, it typically takes 1-2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail. Results will vary depending on which type of test was purchased,but they generally include detailed information about your pet’s breed composition as well as any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their genetics that could affect their overall well-being and quality of life.If you’re looking for an easy way to learn more about your pup’s background without spending too much money, then DNA testing might just be right up your alley.8．What is the primary purpose of DNA testing for dogs?A．To identify a dog’s personality traits.B．To reveal a dog’s future behavioral changes.C．To determine a dog’s socialization preferences.D．To obtain a dog’s breed and genetic information.9．How does DNA testing for dogs typically work?A．By analyzing the dog’s hair and fur.B．By conducting a blood test on the dog.C．By matching the dog’s DNA with a database.D．By studying the dog’s genetic health history.10．What is the correct order of having an DNA test?①get the sample processed①rub the swab gently①receive the result①select the type of test①place the swab into the container①mail the sample back to the labA．①-①-①-①-①-①B．① ①-①-①-①-①C．①-①-①-①-①-①D．①-①-①-①-①-①11．What is the text?A．A dog advertisement.B．A dog DNA experiment.C．A dog DNA testing survey.D．A dog DNA test kit promotion.In 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation. An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years.The revival has been encouraged by Covid lockdowns, “which allowed people to explore the craft at home,” says natural-dyeing enthusiast and teacher Susan Dye. It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint. From carbon emissions to animal cruelty,fashion is under considerable inspection. “Put it this way, 97% of dyes used in the industry are petrochemically (石油化学产品) based,” says sustainable fashion consultant Jackie Andrews, who helped advise the UN Ethical Fashion Initiative. “We’ve got net zero targets which mean we’re going to have to remove all those petrochemicals from the manufacturing cycle.”Fashion is a huge polluter. According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution — due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker still. Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them.It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing. From the beauty of the raw materials-often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen, from the minor footprint of upclycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion. This is why, while beginners start with simply changing their clothes’ color, new worlds open. Many of today’s natural dyers grow their own dye plants, run local community workshops, and advocate for change in industrialized fashion systems and beyond.12．What is the main reason for the growing discomfort mentioned in paragraph 2?A．The adoption of petrochemical-based dyes.B．The challenging net zero targets to be achieved.C．The fashion industry’s focus on luxurious designs.D．The disturbing consequences of the fashion industry.13．The author illustrates “Fashion is a huge polluter” by ______.A．making a comparison B．giving examplesC．listing numbers D．introducing a new topic14．What does the underlined phrase “a quiet act of rebellion” in paragraph 4 refer to?A．A protest against turning to natural fiber.B．An objection to upcycling old clothing.C．A struggle for a sustainable fashion industry.D．A resistance to vibrant colors in natural dyeing.15．What would be the most suitable title for the passage?A．The Environmental Impact of Natural DyeingB．Fashion Revolution’s Dye Garden PresentationC．The Return of Natural Dyeing with Ethical AppealD．The Petrochemical Dye Industry and Its Challenges二、七选五Some pals and I were in the midst of a pinball competition at a bar the other night when the machine kept breaking down. We called over a very busy employee who’s responsible for helping keep the place running. He put everything aside to fix our problematic pinballwas just doing the job he was paid to do. I insisted and got the group to agree to the plan, although somewhat reluctantly.My pinball wizard didn’t stretch out his hand, but how many times have we run across those payment screens that suggest a 20% tip for being handed a sandwich we ordered? 17 There is data to back up the trend: 66% of American adults have a negative view of tipping, and 32% say they’re sick of those payment-screen hints, according to a recent Bankrate survey.18 I admit there are times I suspect the tipping thing has gone too far - say, when I’m at a self-checkout line and there’s still request to leave something extra. But I’m generally willing to err on the side of caution: If someone is expecting a tip, I’ll assume they have financial reasons to do so. 19Plus, tipping is good karma (因果报应). It’s always worth it to tip in unexpected situations- ones that don’t necessarily involve a hint on a payment screen.20 He was so grateful for the $10 tip that later that night, he rewarded our group with well more than $10 in free tokens (代金券) for future play.So next time, there must be no arguments with my friends when times come to tip.A．This leads to what’s been called ”tipping fatigue (疲劳)”B．So, why am I willing to go against the trend and say yes?C．I suggested we tip him $10 and split the tip among all of us.D．There’s an argument that we should ban tipping altogether.E．Guess what happened next with my pinball-machine fixer at the bar?F．One dollar or two won’t make or break me, but it can possibly help with their rent.G．Should they earn far below the minimum wage, employers must make up the difference.三、完形填空said to me, “You’re not going to finish college. There are other things for you to do, but that’sas a child. Having my 24 taken from me, I felt entirely 25 .I worked and worked, and 26 graduated from college, which took me four years longer than others. After that, I applied to a graduate program and 27 someone, my advisor Susan to take me on, and so I 28 at Princeton. I still felt I was not supposed to be there. The night before my first-year 29 I was so afraid that I called her and said, “I’m 30 ” She said, “You’re going to stay, and this is what you’re going to do. You are going to 31 it and do every talk that you ever get asked to do, even if you’re 32 until you have this moment where you say, ‘Oh my gosh, I’m doing it. I have become this.’”So that’s what I did. I spent five years in graduate school and got my degree. Now I am a public speaker. I realized that I had not just faked it till I made it, I had faked it till 33 it. Our 34 can change our behavior, and our behavior can change our 35 . 21．A．face B．head C．back D．skin 22．A．withdraw B．graduate C．escape D．return 23．A．patient B．reserved C．gifted D．diligent 24．A．mood B．dream C．career D．identity 25．A．cheerful B．powerless C．indifferent D．optimistic 26．A．suddenly B．naturally C．eventually D．reluctantly 27．A．convinced B．reminded C．instructed D．allowed 28．A．drop out B．end up C．start over D．fall behind 29．A．exam B．interview C．reception D．talk 30．A．staying B．leaving C．quitting D．dreaming 31．A．fake B．practice C．recall D．ignore32．A．discouraged B．inspired C．enlightened D．terrified 33．A．failed B．became C．forgot D．cherished 34．A．lessons B．experience C．insight D．minds 35．A．outcomes B．beliefs C．personality D．talent四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

湖北省武汉市东西湖区华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Hot holidays that won’t break the bank in 2024Summer is on the horizon. If you’re planning your next getaway, consider these attractive destinations.Spain: Costa del SolWhether you’re looking for lively beach parties or peaceful bay, you’ll find your perfect spot in Costa del Sol. Not only is Spain a treasure collection of culture, but it is also a perfect spot for the thrill-seekers. Costa del Sol offers water sports like windsurfing and jet-skiing, as well as hiking trails in the beautiful Sierra Nevada mountains.Italy: Amalfi CoastThe Amalfi Coast is blessed with jaw-dropping scenery. Exploring charming towns like Positano, Ravello, and Amalfi, you will find each with its own history and charm. The region is famous for its sweet lemon trees. Try the local Limoncello, a refreshing lemon wine suitable for summer.Turkey: BodrumBodrum has some of the most attractive blue waters in the Mediterranean. Visiting the Bodrum Castle, you can totally expose yourself to history and have fun in the beautiful markets of Bodrum, where you can buy local food, spices, and handmade crafts. It’s a delight for shopping enthusiasts. Bodrum has a bohemian atmosphere with a lively nightlife. From beachfront clubs to cosy bars, the town comes alive after dark.Cyprus: PaphosFilled with mythology (神话), Paphos is a UNESCO World Heritage site, with archaeological wonders like the Paphos Archaeological Park. The town combines the old and the new. Depending on the time of your visit, you might catch one of Paphos’ lively festivals, celebrating everything from music and arts to the yearly Carnival.Book today with £0 deposit (定金) and you will also get a discount.1．For a traveler of adventure spirits, the likely destination is ________.A．Costa del Sol B．Amalfi Coast C．Bodrum D．Paphos2．What can you do in Bodrum?A．Explore modern architecture.B．Visit World Heritage sites.C．Join in the yearly Carnival.D．Go shopping.3．What makes Amalfi special compared to other places mentioned?A．Historic sites.B．Amazing beaches.C．Lemon-made wine.D．Energetic nights.It was May 17, 2015, and Brian, then 36, had been out of communication distance since the 13th. Brian climbed the hill next to his temporary camp and scanned his hand-held radio, hoping to catch a signal. Realizing search planes would have a hard time spotting him, he, for the first time since losing contact, felt a strong sense of hopelessness. In the distance, a wolf howled and Brian howled back. Then he made his decision: if he was ever going to see his family again, he’d just have to start walking.On May 17, Brian decided to make his move, filled his bag with necessary things, picked up his gun and started walking though it was raining. Brian walked well into the night, making his way about 15 miles until he couldn’t walk anymore. But the next stretch was harder, the land hillier. Keep climbing, he’d tell himself, and you’ll see a hunting shelter just over the hill top. Then he’d make it to the top only to see another hill. To make matters worse, his core body temperature was falling below the usual level as a result of being in severe cold for a long time, putting his life at risk. For the first time, he began to panic. He knew if he didn’t move quickly, he’d die.Three days into his voyage on foot, with little water, he was becoming dangerously dehydrated (脱水的). Falling and lying on the ground, Brian dreamed of his family as if hearing his daughters constantly laughing. Suddenly, Brian sat up, “I want to see my wife. I want to my kids grow up, he thought, rising to his feet. I’ll start walking.”Brian moved on with heavy steps. About five miles from Repulse Bay, he spotted radio towers—the first sign of a community. He struggled forward until he saw a shelter at the top of the hill. With the last of his energy, he climbed up and broke in, where he slept solidly for 12 hours. The walk into town the next day was easy. Brain arrived at 5:30 am on May 20.Today, safe at home, Brian still gets emotional remembering the welcome he received. “Everyone was very happy everywhere I went,” he says.4．What made Brian feel hopeless?A．Losing contact with the outside.B．Little hope of being rescued.C．The break-down of his radio.D．The appearance of wolves.5．What threatened Brian most during his journey?A．Changeable weather.B．Challenging mountainous areas.C．Dangerously low body temperature.D．Great loneliness.6．What led to his final survival?A．His determination to reunite with his family.B．The desire to explore the wilderness further.C．The hope of finding a hunting shelter.D．The encouragement of the local community.7．What might be the best title of the passage?A．Fight with the cold.B．Dance with wolves.C．A recovery from illness.D．A journey back home.Antique, idol, dialogue, geography, grammar, architect, economy, encyclopedia, telephone, microscope… all these common English words have something in common: they originate from Greek. To this list, we could add thousands more words, some common and others less so. Clearly, the Greek language has had an important influence on the English language.According to one survey, more than 150,000 words of English are of Greek origin. These include technical and scientific terms but also more common words like those above.Words that starts with ‘ph-’ are usually of Greek origin, for example: philosophy, physical, photo, phrase, philanthropy.Many English words are formed of parts of words that originate from the Greek language, including the following examples:phobia (fear of) , as in arachnophobia — the fear of spidersmicro (small) , as in microscopic — so small it’s hard to seedemos (people) as in democracy — government by the peopleGreek mythology (神话) has been very influential in Western culture, particularly its art and literature. Unsurprisingly, some common expressions in English come from these ancient myths and beliefs.“To have an ‘Achilles’ heel” means “to have a weakness”. Achilles was a Greek hero andcentral character in Homer’s epic poem, The Iliad. He was only weak at his heel. Example sentence: I’m trying to eat more healthily, but chocolate is my Achilles’ heel.The ‘Midas touch’ is another common expression from Greek mythology. Describing a near-magical ability to succeed at anything one attempts, the expression originates from a story of King Midas, who is remembered for his ability to turn everything he touched into gold. Example sentence: My brother’s business is so successful, he really has the Midas touch!An idiom which has its roots in ancient Greece is ‘crocodile tears’. The phrase might come from the popular ancient belief that crocodiles weep while eating their victims. In fact, crocodiles do lubricate (润滑) their eyes by means of their tear ducts (泪管), usually when their eyes start to dry out after being out of the water for a long time. However, the behaviour is also thought to happen when crocodiles feed. It’s used in English to describe expressions of sadness that are insincere.8．Why are so many English words listed at the beginning of the passage?A．To prove that they have much in common.B．To show the Greek influence on English.C．To attract the readers’ attention to their origin.D．To present the popularity of the Greek language.9．Which kind of the following people express their insincere sadness according to the text?A．People with crocodile tears.B．People with Midas touch.C．People with a phobia.D．People who have Achilles’ heel. 10．What has great influence on western art and literature according to the text?A．Words with Greek origins.B．The forms of the words.C．Greek mythology.D．The Greek animals and wars. 11．How is the passage developed?A．In time order.B．By listing examples.C．By comparison.D．Through cause and effect.As activists and leaders first gathered in Dubai for COP28, the UN’s climate summit (峰值), a week ago, the chances of significant progress seemed small. The choice of the summit’s host country — the United Arab Emirates (阿拉伯联合酋长国), one of the world’s leading petrol (汽油) states with its chairman the head of its national oil company, threatened to turn the event into a funny show.Instead, COP28 proved productive. For the first time the world has agreed to move away from the coal, oil and natural gas that are the major causes of global warming. The 198 parties to the UN Framework Convention (框架协定) on Climate Change agreed on a text that called for a change away from fossil fuels (化石燃料) “in a just and orderly way”.An agreement between America and China ahead of the summit helped lay the basis. It meant that the two largest polluters and powers together tried to turn language on fossil fuels into the deal, which helped influence certain petrol states to move towards agreement.Yet a global agreement is only one small step. A far bigger and harder one will be to translate words on a page into action in the real world. Reducing dependence on fossil fuels will depend on making them uncompetitive. Rich countries can achieve the purpose with a combination of carbon prices and subsidies for clean technologies. That is, the government can charge the companies using fossil fuels and reward those using clean technologies.Poorer countries will need help. Developing countries with fossil-fuel reserves argued that it was unfair to expect them to give up one of their few income streams without being given aid to do so. The aid is expected to be around $25bn — 50bn a year in funds over the rest of this decade. Meanwhile, rich countries will try to limit their responsibility to the developing world.In a sense, bridging the gap will determine whether the beginning of the end for the fossil-fuel age has come.12．What had been expected of COP28 in Dubai?A．Heated debate.B．Little progress.C．Great achievement.D．Practical agreement.13．What can we know about the agreement reached by the 198 parties?A．It turned the deal of cutting fossil fuels into reality.B．It confirmed the major causes of global warming.C．It showed the common desire for a green world.D．It promised a quick reduction in fossil fuels.14．What does the underlined word “subsidies” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A．Fines.B．Plans.C．Funds.D．Investigations. 15．What’s the passage mainly about?A．COP28 found a solution to global warming.B．COP28 failed to achieve its original purpose.C．The rich world has a duty to poorer countries.D．The world reached a deal in reducing fossil fuels.The Mogao Caves form a system of 492 temples 25 km southeast of the center of Dunhuang, which is located at the religious and cultural crossroads on the Silk Road, in Gansu province. Known as Buddhist (佛教) caves, the caves contain some of the finest examples of Buddhist art, lasting a period of 1,000 years. 16The Mogao Caves are especially famous for the colored sculptures and murals (壁画), or wall paintings. 17 Rich and varied in forms, they typically have a healthy body, dignified appearance and simple style. The background color is dark red, plus other fresh colors. The color tone is strong and open, and the lines soft and comfortable, which shows the features of western Buddhism. 18The painted murals in the Mogao Caves tell stories about Buddhist scriptures (经文), scenery, open halls and scenes about production or flower patterns, reflecting society and civilization in ancient China.19 They are the goddesses serving Buddhas, flying in the universe. The artists used the special lines and harmonious interest and charm to show the graceful dream world. The gorgeous color, and lively lines reflect the artists’ passion for the dream world.In lots of painted murals, the art features of other countries such as India, Iran and Greece can be easily seen. 20 The artistic charm of the painted murals contributes to glorious history of art in China.A．Many ideas were spread through the Silk Road.B．The murals were painted to worship the Buddha.C．They reflected the development of Buddhism in China.D．Different dynasties also showed different painting styles.E．The colored sculptures are the main part of Dunhuang art.F．All these make them a model for colored Buddhist sculptures.G．In the painted murals everywhere are many beautiful flying Apsaras (飞天).二、完形填空One early Saturday morning, I was enjoying my coffee and reading the newspaper alonewhen I heard an old voice from the radio.“Well, Tom, sounds you’re busy with your job. But it’s a 21 that you have to be away from home and your family so much. Too bad you 22 your daughter’s dance performance. Let me tell you something that has helped me 23 my most important things.”“You see, I did a little 24 one day. Folks live about seventy-five years 25 and have 3,900 Saturdays. I felt 26 that I did not think about all this in detail until I was fifty-five years old,” he went on, “if I lived to be seventy-five, I 27 had about a thousand of them left to enjoy.”“So I visited three toy stores, 28 1,000 marbles (玻璃弹珠) and put them inside a large, clear plastic container. Every Saturday since then, I have taken one out and 29 it away.”“By watching the marbles decrease, I 30 more on the really important things in my life. Watching your time here 31 truly helps get your priorities (优先的事物) 32 .”……He gave us all a lot to think about. However busy we were, we should spare time to stay with our family. I had 33 to do some unfinished office work and then meet several radio-lovers. 34 , I woke my wife up. “Honey, I’m taking you and the kids out to breakfast. Besides, I need to buy some 35 in a toy store.”21．A．pity B．pride C．must D．disaster 22．A．delayed B．avoided C．missed D．prevented 23．A．track B．update C．revive D．rate 24．A．research B．evaluation C．maths D．experiment 25．A．in particular B．on average C．on purpose D．in all 26．A．cheerful B．regretful C．confused D．satisfied 27．A．yet B．still C．even D．only 28．A．rounded up B．fixed up C．sold out D．played with 29．A．thrown B．given C．sent D．driven 30．A．based B．reflected C．spent D．focused 31．A．flash back B．run out C．stop D．drag 32．A．straight B．complete C．reasonable D．personal33．A．longed B．remembered C．intended D．pretended 34．A．Furthermore B．Instead C．Anyway D．Thus 35．A．coffee B．newspapers C．containers D．marbles三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

华中师大一附中2024-2025学年度十月月度检测数学试题一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一时限：120分钟满分：150分项是符合题目要求的．）1. 已知集合1{(,)|||},(,)|||A x y y x B x y y x====，则A B = （ ） A. {1,1}− B. {(1,1),(1,1)}−C. (0,)+∞D. (0,1)【答案】B 【解析】【分析】先解方程组，得出点的坐标即可得出交集.【详解】,1y x y x ==，解得1,1x y = = ，或1,1x y =− = ， 所以{(1,1),(1,1)}A B=− ， 故选：B ．2. 已知函数()*(2),nf x x n =−∈N ，则“1n =”是“()f x 是增函数”的（ ） A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件 C. 充要条件 D. 既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A 【解析】【分析】由当21,n k k =+∈N 时，ff ′(xx )≥0，可得()(2)nf x x =−是增函数，即可得到答案.【详解】由()(2)nf x x =−，得()1(2)n f x n x −−′=，则当21,n k k =+∈N 时，ff ′(xx )≥0，()(2)nf x x =−是增函数， 当1n =时，可得()f x 是增函数； 当()f x 是增函数时，21,n k k =+∈N ，故“1n =”是“()f x 是增函数”的充分不必要条件.3. 函数()sin cos f x a x b x =+图像的一条对称轴为π3x =，则a b=（ ）A.B.C.D. 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】直接利用对称性，取特殊值，即可求出a b. 【详解】由()()sin cos 0f x a x b x ω=+>的图象关于π3x =对称，可知：2π(0)()3f f =，即sin0cos0=s 3o 2π3i 2πn c s a b a b ++，则a b=故选：A ．4. 已知随机变量()2~2,N ξσ，且(1)()P P a ξξ≤=≥，则19(0)x a x a x +<<−的最小值为（ ） A. 5 B.112C. 203D. 163【答案】D 【解析】a ，利用基本不等式求得正确答案.【详解】根据正态分布的知识得12243a a +=×=⇒=，则03,30x x <−，19119139(3)103333x x x x x a x x x x x −+=+−+=++ −−−1161033 ≥+= ， 当且仅当393x xx x−=−，即34x =时取等.故选：D5. 已知函数()sin2cos2f x x a x =+，将()f x 的图象向左平移π6个单位长度，所得图象关于原点对称，则()f x 的图象的对称轴可以为（ ）．A. π12x = B. π6x =C. π3x =D. 5π12x =【解析】【分析】根据题意找到函数的对称点得()π03f x f x+−=，结合特殊值法计算得a =，利用辅助角公式化简得()π2sin 23f x x=−，最后整体替换计算得到结果； 【详解】由题意可得()f x 的图象关于点π,06对称，即对任意x ∈R ，有()π03f x f x+−=，取0x =，可得()π0032af f +=+=，即a =故()πsin22sin 23f x x x x =−=−， 令ππ2π32x k −=+，k ∈Z ，可得()f x 的图象的对称轴为5ππ122k x =+，k ∈Z ． 故选：D ． 6. 设37a =，ln 2b =，3sin 7c =，则（ ）A. b c a >>B. a c b >>C. a b c >>D. b a c >>【答案】D 【解析】【分析】构造函数()πsin (0)2f x x x x =−<<，利用导数探讨单调性并比较,a c ，再利用对数函数单调性比较大小即得. 【详解】当π02x <<时，令()sin f x x x =−，求导得()1cos 0f x x ′=−>， 则函数()f x 在π(0,)2上单调递增，有()(0)0f x f >=，即有sin x x >，因此33sin 77a c =>=，显然13ln 227b a =>=>=， 所以b ac >>. 故选：D7. 已知函数()222cos (sin cos )(0)f x x x x ωωωω=−−>的图象关于直线π12x =轴对称，且()f x 在π0,3上没有最小值，则ω的值为（ ） A.12B. 1C.32D. 2【答案】C 【解析】【分析】先由三角恒等变换化简解析式，再由对称轴方程解得36,2k k ω=+∈Z ，再由()f x 在π0,3上没有最小值得ω范围，建立不等式求解可得.详解】()()2222cos sin 2sin cos cos f x x x x x xωωωωω=−−+22cos sin21cos2sin2x x x x ωωωω+−=+π24x ω+，因为()f x 的图象关于直线π12x =轴对称，所以πππ1264f ω+故ππππ,642k k ω+=+∈Z ，即36,2k k ω=+∈Z ， 当ππ22π42x m ω+=−+，m ∈Z ，0ω>, 即当3ππ,8m x m ωω=−+∈Z 时，函数()f x 取得最小值， 当1m =时，5π8x ω=为y轴右侧第1条对称轴. 因为()f x 在π0,3上没有最小值，所以5ππ83ω≥，即158ω≤， 故由3150628k <+≤，解得11416k −<≤，k ∈Z 故0k =，得32ω=．故选：C.8. 定义在R 上的奇函数()f x ，且对任意实数x 都有()302f x f x−−+=，()12024e f =．若()()0f x f x ′+−>，则不等式()11e xf x +>的解集是（ ） 【A. ()3,+∞B. (),3−∞C. ()1,+∞D. (),1−∞【答案】C 【解析】【分析】由()f x 是奇函数，可得()f x ′是偶函数，得到()()0f x f x +′>，令()()e xg x f x =，得到()0g x ′>，得出()g x 在R 上单调递增，再由()302f x f x−−+=，求得()f x 的周期为3的周期函数，根据()12024ef =，得到()2e g =，把不等式转化为()()12g x g +>，结合函数的单调性，即可求解. 【详解】因为()f x 是奇函数，可得()f x ′是偶函数， 又因为()()0f x f x ′+−>，所以()()0f x f x +′>，令()()e xg x f x =，可得()()()e 0xg x f x f x ′′=+> ，所以()g x 在R 上单调递增，因为()302f x f x−−+=且()f x 奇函数， 可得()()23f x f x f x +=−=−，则()()3333[()]()222f x f x f x f x +=++=−+=， 所以()f x 的周期为3的周期函数，因为()()()12024674322e f f f =×+==，所以()212e e eg =×=， 则不等式()11exf x +>，即为()1e 1e xf x ++>，即()()12g x g +>， 又因为()g x 在R 上单调递增，所以12x +>，解得1x >， 所以不等式()11ex f x +>的解集为()1,+∞． 故选：C ．二、选择题（本大题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分．在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分．）9. 下列等式成立的是（ ）是A. ()21sin15cos152°−°=B. 22sin 22.5cos 22.5°−°=C. 1cos28cos32cos62cos582°°−°°=−D. (3tan10cos502°°=− 【答案】AB 【解析】【分析】应用倍角正余弦、和差角正余弦公式及诱导公式化简求值，即可判断各项的正误. 【详解】A ：()21sin15cos1512sin15cos151sin 302°−°=−°°=−°=，成立；B ：22sin 22.5cos 22.5cos 45°−°=−°=C ：cos 28cos32cos 62cos58cos 28cos32sin 28sin 32cos(2832)°°−°°=°°−°°=°+°1cos 602°=，不成立；D ：(2sin 50cos50sin100tan10cos50cos50cos10cos10−°°−°°°°=°°cos101cos10°=−=−°，不成立.故选：AB10. 已知抛物线()2:20C y px p =>，过C 的焦点F 作直线:1l x ty =+，若C 与l 交于,A B 两点，2AF FB =，则下列结论正确的有（ ）A. 2p =B. 3AF =C. t =或−D. 线段AB 中点的横坐标为54【答案】ABD 【解析】【分析】由直线:1l xty =+，可知焦点FF (1,0)，得p 的值和抛物线方程，可判断A 选项；直线方程代入抛物线方程，由韦达定理结合2AF FB =，求出,A B 两点坐标和t 的值，结合韦达定理和弦长公式判断选项BCD.【详解】抛物线()2:20C y px p =>的焦点F 在x 轴上， 过F 作直线:1l xty =+，可知FF (1,0)，则12p=，得2p =，A 选项正确； 抛物线方程为24y x =，直线l 的方程代入抛物线方程，得2440y ty −−=.设AA (xx 1,yy 1)，BB (xx 2,yy 2)，由韦达定理有124y y t +=，124y y =−， 2AF FB =，得122y y =−，解得12y y −12y y ==， 124y y t =+，则t =t =，C 选项错误； 则1212,2x x ==，线段AB 中点的横坐标为121252242x x ++==，D 选项正确； 12192222AB x x p =++=++=，2293332AF AB ==×=，B 选项正确.故选：ABD.11. 已知()00,P x y 是曲线33:C x y y x +=−上的一点，则下列选项中正确的是（ ） A. 曲线C 的图象关于原点对称B. 对任意0x ∈R ，直线0x x =与曲线C 有唯一交点PC. 对任意[]01,1y ∈−，恒有012x <D. 曲线C 在11y −≤≤的部分与y 轴围成图形的面积小于π4【答案】ACD 【解析】【分析】将x ，y 替换为x −，y −计算即可判断A ；取0x =，可判断有三个交点即可判断B ；利用函数3y x x =−的单调性来得出300y y −的取值范围，再结合()3f x x x =+的单调性进行求解即可判断C ；利用图象的对称性和半圆的面积进行比较即可判断D ．【详解】A ．对于33x y y x +=−，将x ，y 替换为x −，y −，所得等式与原来等价，故A 正确； B ．取0x =，可以求得0y =，1y =，1y =−均可，故B 错误； C ．由330000x x y y +=−，[]01,1y ∈−，函数3y x x =−，故213y x ′=−，令2130y x ′=−=，解得：1x =，在1,x ∈− ， 时，0′<y ，函数单调递减，在x ∈ 时，0′>y ，函数单调递增，所以300y y −∈ ，又因为()3f x x x =+是增函数，1528f =>，所以有012x <，故C 正确； D ．当[]00,1y ∈时，3300000x x y y +=−≥，又320002x x x +≥， 32000022y y y y −≤−，所以22000x y y ≤−．曲线22x y y =−与y 轴围成半圆，又曲线C 的图象关于原点对称，则曲线C 与y 轴围成图形的面积小于π4，故D 正确． 故选：ACD ．三、填空题（本大题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分）12. 若π,02α∈− ，且πcos2cos 4αα =+，则α=__________. 【答案】π12− 【解析】【分析】化简三角函数式，求出1sin 42πα +=，根据π,02α∈− 即可求解.【详解】由πcos2cos 4αα =+，得)22cos sin cos sin αααα−=−.因为π,02α ∈− ，所以cos sin 0αα−≠，则cos sin αα+，则1sin 42πα += . 由π,02α ∈−，得πππ,444α +∈− ，则ππ46α+=，解得π12α=−. 故答案为：π12−.13. 海上某货轮在A 处看灯塔B ，在货轮北偏东75°，距离为在A 处看灯塔C ，在货轮的北偏西30°，距离为C 处，货轮由A 处向正北航行到D 处时看灯塔B 在东偏南30°，则灯塔C 与D 处之间的距离为______海里．【答案】【解析】【分析】由正弦定理和余弦定理求解即可．【详解】如图：由题意75DAB ∠=°，903060ADB ∠=−°=°， 所以180756045DBA ∠=°−°−°=°，在ABD △中，由正弦定理sin sin AD AB ABD ADB =∠∠，即sin 45AD =°60AD =， 在ADC △中，30DAC ∠=°，所以CD=.故答案为：．14. 若存在实数m ，使得对于任意的[],x a b ∈，不等式2πsin cos 2sin 4m x x x m+≤−⋅恒成立，则b a −取得最大值时，sin2a b+=__________．【解析】【分析】以m 为变量，结合一元二次不等式的存在性问题可得1sin 22x ≤，解不等式结合题意得[]()7ππ,π,π,1212a b k k k⊆−+∈Z ，由此可得答案. 【详解】因为2πsin cos 2sin 4m x x x m+≤−⋅恒成立， 即2π2sin sin cos 04m x m x x−−⋅+≤恒成立， 若存在实数m ，使得上式成立，则2πΔ4sin 4sin cos 04x x x=−−≥， 则πΔ22cos 22sin 222sin 22sin 224sin 202x x x x x=−−−=−−=−≥， 可得1sin 22x ≤，可得7ππ2π22π,66k x k k −≤≤+∈Z ， 解得7ππππ,1212k x k k −≤≤+∈Z ， 由[]()7ππ,π,π,1212a b k k k⊆−+∈Z ， 则b a −取得最大值时()7πππ,π,1212a k b k k =−=+∈Z ，此时()7ππππ1212sin sin 22k k a b k −+++==∈Z .. 【点睛】关键点点睛：双变量问题的解题关键是一次只研究其中一个变量，本题先以m 为变量，转化为存在性问题分析求解.四、解答题（本大题共5小题，共77分．解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）15. 已知函数()π4sin cos 6f x x x=+x ∈R . ,（1）求函数()f x 的单调减区间;（2）求函数()f x 在π0,2上的最大值与最小值.【答案】（1）π2ππ,π,63k k k Z++∈（2）()min 2f x =−，()max 1f x = 【解析】【分析】（1）根据三角恒等变换化简函数()f x ，再根据正弦函数的单调性结合整体思想即可得解； （2）由x 的范围求得π26x +的范围，再根据正弦函数的性质即可得解. 【小问1详解】解：()2π14sin cos 4sin sin cos 2sin 62f x x x x x x x x x =+=−=−1πcos212cos212sin 2126x x x x x+−=+−=+−， 令ππ3π2π22π,262k x k k +≤+≤+∈Z ，解得π2πππ63k x k +≤≤+， 所以函数()f x 的单调减区间为π2ππ,π,63k k k Z++∈； 【小问2详解】 解：因为π02x ≤≤，所以ππ7π2666x +≤≤，所以1πsin 2126x−≤+≤， 于是π12sin 226x−≤+≤，所以()21f x −≤≤， 当且仅当π2x =时，()f x 取最小值()min π22f x f ==−， 当且仅当ππ262x +=，即π6x =时，()f x 取最大值()max π16f x f==.16. 已知0b >，函数2()((ln )1)f x x x x bx −−−在点()(1,)1f 处的切线过点()0,1−. （1）求实数b 的值；（2）证明：()f x 在()0,∞+上单调递增；（3）若对())1,1(x f x a x ∀≥≥−恒成立，求实数a 的取值范围． 【答案】（1）1b =（2）证明见解析 （3）(,1]−∞ 【解析】【分析】（1）先求导函数再写出切线方程代入点得出参数值； （2）求出导函数1()2ln 2f x x x x′=+−−，再根据导函数求出()(1)10f x f ′′≥=>即可证明单调性； （3）根据函数解析式分1x =和1x >两种情况化简转化为ln x x a −≥恒成立，再求()ln (1)h x x x x =−>的单调性得出最值即可求出参数范围. 【小问1详解】()f x 的定义域为1(0,),()2ln()2f x x bx x′+∞=+−−， 故(1)1ln f b ′=−，又(1)0f =，所以()f x 在点(1,(1))f 处的切线方程为(1ln )(1)y b x =−−， 将点(0,1)−代入得1ln 1b −=，解得1b =．小问2详解】由（1）知2()(1)ln f x x x x x −−−，则1()2ln 2f x x x x′=+−−， 令1()()2ln 2g x f x x x x′==+−−， 则22221121(1)(21)()2x x x x g x x x x x−−−+′=−−==， 当01x <<时，()0,()g x g x <′单调递减；当1x >时，()0,()g x g x >′单调递增，所以()(1)10f x f ′′≥=>， 所以()f x 在(0,)+∞上单调递增． 【小问3详解】【对())1,1(x f x a x ∀≥≥−恒成立，即对1,(1)(1)ln (1)x x x x x a x ∀≥−−−≥−恒成立， 当1x =时，上式显然恒成立；当1x >时，上式转化ln x x a −≥恒成立，设()ln (1)h x x x x =−>，则11()10x h x x x′−=−=>， 所以()h x 在(1,)+∞上单调递增；所以()(1)1h x h >=， 故1a ≤，所以实数a 的取值范围为(,1]−∞．17. 在ABC 中，设内角A ，B ，C 所对的边分别为,,a b c ．（1）2b a =+，4c a =+，是否存在正整数a*N ，且ABC 为钝角三角形？若存在，求出a ；若不存在，说明理由．（2）若4,a b c D ===为BC 的中点，E ，F 分别在线段,AB AC 上，且90EDF °∠=，CDF θ∠=()90θ°°<<，求DEF 面积S 的最小值及此时对应的θ的值．【答案】（1）存在,4a = （2）12− 【解析】【分析】（1）分析可知，角C 为钝角，由cos 0C <结合三角形三边关系可求得整数a 的值； （2）由正弦定理可得出DF =，DE =与差的正弦公式化简即可求得结果. 【小问1详解】假设存在正整数a 满足题设．ABC 为钝角三角形，因为a b c <<，所以C 为钝角，根据题设，2b a =+，4c a =+，由余弦定理222cos 2a b c C ab+−=, 所以()222(2)(4)1cos 022a a a Ca a ++−+−<=<+，得24120a a −−<，解得26a −<<．因为**a ∈N N ，所以1a =或4a =，当1a =时，ABC 不存在，故存在4a =满足题设．为所以4a = 【小问2详解】如图，因为()90,090EDF CDF θθ∠=°∠=°<<°，所以90BDE θ∠=°−．在CDF 中，因为()2sin60sin 60DF θ=°+°，所以DF =在BDE 中，因为()2sin 60sin 150DE θ=°°−，所以DE = 所以()()132sin 60sin 150S θθ=×+°°−， 设()()()sin 60sin 150f θθθ=+°°−，()090θ°<<°，所以11()sin cos 22f θθθθθ  =+   2213cos sin 4θθθθ+++ 化简可得：()1sin 22f θθ=+所以1122S =≥− 当45θ=°时，S取得最小值12−18. 已知椭圆22221(0)x y a b a b +=>>的左右焦点分别为12,F F，离心率e =，点,P Q 分别是椭圆的右顶点和上顶点，POQ 的边PQ（1）求椭圆的标准方程；（2）过点(2,0)H −的直线交椭圆C 于,A B 两点，若11AF BF ⊥，求直线AB 的方程； （3）直线12,l l 过右焦点2F ，且它们的斜率乘积为12−，设12,l l 分别与椭圆交于点,C D 和,E F ．若,M N 分别是线段CD 和EF 的中点，求OMN 面积的最大值．【答案】（1）2212x y +=（2）220x y −+−或220x y ++=（3【解析】【分析】（1）根据POQ △的边PQ得PQ ==，再联立222ce a b c a ===+即可求解；（2）设直线AB 的方程为(2)(0)y k x k =+≠，1122()A x y B x y ,,(,)，联立直线AB 与椭圆方程得1212,x x x x +，再由11AF BF ⊥，即110AF BF ⋅=，最后代入即可求解；（3）设直线1l 的方程为(1)y k x =+,则直线2l 的方程为1(1)2y x k =−+，分别与椭圆方程联立，通过韦达定理求出中点,M N 的坐标，观察坐标知，MN 的中点坐标1(,0)2T 在x 轴上，则1||||2OMN M N S OT y y =− 整理后利用基本不等式即可得到面积的最值. 【小问1详解】由题意，因为(,0),(0,)P a Q b ，POQ △为直角三角形，所以PQ ==.又222ce a b c a ===+，所以1,1a b c ==，所以椭圆的标准方程为2212x y +=. 【小问2详解】由（1）知，1(1,0)F −,显然直线AB 的斜率存在，设直线AB 的方程为(2)(0)y k x k =+≠，1122()A x y B x y ,,(,)，联立2212(2)x y y k x +==+消去y 得，2222(12)8820k x k x k +++−=，所以22222(8)4(12)(82)8(12)0k k k k ∆=−+−=−>，即2102k <<. 且22121222882,1212k k x x x x k k −+=−=++， 因为11AF BF ⊥，所以110AF BF ⋅=，所以1122(1,)(1,)0x y x y −−−−−−=，即12121210x x x x y y ++++=， 所以1212121(2)(2)0x x x x k x k x +++++⋅+=， 整理得2221212(12)()(1)140k x x k x x k ++++++=， 即22222228(1)(82)(12)()1401212k k k k k k k+−+−+++=++， 化简得2410k −=，即12k =±满足条件，所以直线AB 的方程为1(2)2y x =+或1(2)2y x =−+， 即直线AB 的方程为220x y −+=或220x y ++=. 3详解】由题意，2(1,0)F ,设直线1l 的方程为(1)y k x =+,3344(,),(,)C x y D x y ， 则直线2l 的方程为1(1)2y x k=−+，5566(,),(,)E x y F x y ， 联立2212(1)x y y k x +==−消去y 得2222)202142(−=+−+x k x k k ， 所以22343422422,1212k k x x x x k k−+==++ 所以23422,212M x x k x k+==+2(1)12M M k y k x k =−=−+所以2222(,)1212k kM k k −++， 同理联立22121(1)2x y y x k += =−−消去y 得222(12)2140k x x k +−+−=，所以2565622214,1212k x x x x k k−+==++ 所以5621,212N x x x k+==+21(1)212N N ky x k k =−−=+ 所以221(,)1212kN k k++， 即MN 的中点1(,0)2T .所以221121||11||||||1241221222||||OMN M N k k S OT y y k k k k =−==×=×≤+++ ，当且仅当12||||k k =，即k =时取等号， 所以OMN.【点睛】关键点点睛：本题考查待定系数法求椭圆的标准方程，直线与椭圆综合应用问题，利用基本不等式求最值，第三问的解题关键是分类联立直线12,l l 与椭圆方程，求出,M N 的坐标，观察坐标知，MN 的中点坐标1(,0)2T 在x 轴上，则1||||2OMN M N S OT y y =− 整理后利用基本不等式得到面积的最值. .19. 正整数集{}1,2,3,,3A m m m m n =++++ ，其中,m n +∈∈N N .将集合A 拆分成n 个三元子集，这n 个集合两两没有公共元素.若存在一种拆法，使得每个三元子集中都有一个数等于其他两数之和，则称集合A 是“三元可拆集”.（1）若1,3m n ==，判断集合A 是否为“三元可拆集”，若是，请给出一种拆法；若不是，请说明理由；（2）若0,6m n ==，证明：集合A 不是“三元可拆集”； （3）若16n =，是否存在m 使得集合A 是“三元可拆集”，若存在，请求出m 的最大值并给出一种拆法；若不存在，请说明理由.【答案】（1）是，拆法见解析 （2）证明见解析 （3）答案见解析 【解析】【分析】（1）{}2,3,4,,10A = ，可拆成{}{}{}10,7,39,5,48,6,2､､或{}10,6,4､{}{}9,7,28,5,3､； （2）三元可拆集”中所有元素和为偶数，A 中所有元素和为19181712×=，与和为偶数矛盾； （3）可以拆成16个三元子集，将这16个三元子集中的最大的数依次记为12316,,,,a a a a ，利用等差数列求和得到1231616648a a a a m ++++≤+ ，结合1231624588a a a a m ++++=+ ，得到不等式，求出152m ≤，当7m =时写出相应的集合A 以及具体拆法，得到答案. 【小问1详解】是，{}2,3,4,,10A = ，可拆成{}{}{}10,7,39,5,48,6,2､､或{}10,6,4､{}{}9,7,28,5,3､； 【小问2详解】对于“三元可拆集”，其每个三元子集的元素之和为偶数， 则“三元可拆集”中所有元素和为偶数；而{}1,2,3,4,,18A = ，A 中所有元素和为19181712×=，与和为偶数矛盾， 所以集合A 不是“三元可拆集”； 【小问3详解】{}1,2,3,,48A m m m m =++++ 有48个元素，可以拆成16个三元子集，将这16个三元子集中的最大的数依次记为12316,,,,a a a a ， 则()()()()1231648474633a a a a m m m m ++++≤++++++++ ()28116166482m m +×=+；另一方面，A 中所有元素和为()249484811762m m +×=+，所以212316481176245882m a a a a m +++++==+ ，所以2458816648m m +≤+，解得152m ≤，即7m ≤； 当7m =时，{}8,9,10,,55A = ，可拆为{}{}55,40,1554,38,16､､{}{}{}{}{}{}53,39,1452,35,1751,31,2050,37,1349,25,2448,26,22､､､､､､ {}{}{}{}{}{}47,29,1846,27,1945,34,1144,23,2143,33,1042,30,12､､､､､､{}{}41,32,9,36,28,8（拆法不唯一）； 综上所述，m 的最大值是7.【点睛】关键点点睛：集合新定义问题，命题新颖，且存在知识点交叉，常常会和函数的性质，数列知识等进行结合，很好的考虑了知识迁移，综合运用能力，对于此类问题，一定要解读出题干中的信息，正确理解问题的本质，转化为熟悉的问题来进行解决.。

华中师大一附中2023—2024学年度上学期高一期末检测物理试题时间：75分钟满 分：100分 命题人：郑愈平 田冰珲 审题人：许春一、选择题（本题包括10小题．其中第17题为单选题，第810题为多选题．每小题4分，共40分．单选题有且仅有一个选项正确，选对得4分，选错或不答得0分．多选题至少有两个选项正确，全部选对的得4分，选不全的得2分，有选错或不答的得0分．）1．在物理学的发展过程中，许多的物理学家都做出了重要的贡献，他们也探索出了许多的研究方法，下列说法中错误．．的是（ ） A ．引入“重心”、“合力与分力”概念时，运用了等效替代的思想B ．当Δ0t →时，ΔΔx t就可以表示物体在某时刻的瞬时速度，该定义运用了极限思维法 C ．在研究物体的运动与力的关系时，伽利略在逻辑推理的基础上通过斜面实验证明了“力是维持物体运动的原因”D ．用比值法定义的物理量在物理学中占有相当大的比例，例如速度/v x t =就是采用比值法定义的物理量2．如图所示，粗糙木箱内有一物块A ，A 与右侧箱壁间用一根轻弹簧连接，此时，弹簧处于拉伸状态，整个系统处于静止状态．若要使物块A 相对木箱底面向右运动，下列操作可能正确的是（ ）A ．使木箱向上做加速运动B ．使木箱向下做减速运动C ．使木箱向左做加速运动D ．使木箱向右做加速运动3．在机床、汽车等机器或设备中通常会使用一种叫做蜗杆传动的装置，如图所示，这种装置由蜗杆和蜗轮组成，从外形上看，蜗杆类似螺栓，蜗轮则很像斜齿圆柱齿轮．工作时，一般以蜗杆为主动件，当蜗杆旋转时，会带动蜗轮轮齿沿着蜗杆的螺旋面转动，蜗杆每旋转一圈，蜗轮轮齿会转动一格．若螺距为 1.6mm d π=的蜗杆以每秒20圈的转速旋转，则半径为32mm r =的蜗轮将获得的转速是（ ）A ．30r /minB ．120r /minC ．1200r /minD ．48000r /min4．如图所示，一根轻绳的一端固定在墙上A 点，另一端绕过动滑轮悬挂一重物，其中滑轮与A 之间的细绳水平．另有一根轻绳BP ，其一端与动滑轮的转轴P 相连，另一端点B 固定在直角墙壁的顶点上，此绳与竖直方向夹角为θ，整个系统处于平衡状态，光滑轻质滑轮的大小可以忽略．现缓慢移动轻绳端点B ，下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．若端点B 沿墙壁水平向左移动，则θ变大，BP 绳上拉力变小B ．若端点B 沿墙壁水平向左移动，则θ变小，BP 绳上拉力变大C ．若端点B 沿墙壁竖直向上移动，则θ变大，BP 绳上拉力变小D ．若端点B 沿墙壁竖直向上移动，则θ变小，BP 绳上拉力变大5．骑行是一项深受人们热爱的运动，如图是场地自行车比赛的圆形赛道．路面与水平面的夹角为13.5︒，圆周的半径为60m ，某运动员骑自行车在该赛道上做匀速圆周运动，已知sin13.50.233︒=，2tan13.50.240,10m /s g ︒==，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．该运动员在骑行过程中，所受合外力为零B ．该运动员在骑行过程中，所受合外力沿路面向下C ．若该运动员以12m /s 的速度骑行，则其不受路面给的侧向摩擦力D /s 的速度骑行，则其不受路面给的侧向摩擦力6．如图所示的光滑固定斜面ABCD ，其倾角可调节．当倾角为1θ时，一物块（可视为质点）沿斜面左上方顶点A 以初速度0v 水平射入，恰好沿底端D 点离开斜面；改变倾角为2θ时，同样将该物块沿斜面左上方顶点A 以初速度0v 水平射入，发现物块沿CD 边中点离开斜面．已知重力加速度为g ，下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．物块离开斜面时，前后两次下落的高度之比为2:1B ．物块离开斜面时，前后两次下落的高度之比为4:1C ．物块从入射到飞离斜面，前后两次速度变化量的大小之比为1:1D ．物块从入射到飞离斜面，前后两次速度变化量的大小之比为1:27．如图所示，A B 、两物体相距14m S =时，A 在水平向右的拉力A F 作用下，以A 8m /s v =的速度向石匀速运动，而物体B 在水平向左的拉力B F 的作用下以B 20m /s v =向右做减速运动．两物体质量相同，与地面的动摩擦因数均为0.2，A B F F =，则经过多长时间A 追上B （ ）A ．7sB ．8sC ．9sD ．10s8．有一质量1kg m =的物体静止在足够长的粗糙竖直墙壁上，某时刻无初速度释放物体，并同时分别以甲、乙两种方式施加外力，物体紧贴墙壁向下运动．已知物体与墙壁间的动摩擦因数0.5μ=，取210m /s g =，不计空气阻力，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．下落过程中，乙情景中的物体所受合外力的方向会发生改变B ．下落过程中，甲情景与乙情景中物体的速度都会一直增大C ．下落过程中，甲情景中的物体最大速度为5m /sD ．下落过程中，乙情景中的物体最大速度为25m /s9．如图所示，光滑水平地面上放置质量均为m 的两个正三棱柱A B 、，其中A 固定在地面上，B 在外力作用下紧靠着,A A B 、中间夹有一个半径为R 、质量为m 的光滑圆柱C ，整个系统处于静止状态．重力加速度为g ，下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．撤去外力瞬间，B 对C 的弹力大小为0.5mgB ．撤去外力后，C 落地时的速度大于B 的速度C ．撤去外力后，C 落地前的加速度小于B 的加速度D ．撤去外力后，C10．如图甲所示，质量为M 的长木板放置于水平面上，其上左端有一质量为13kg m =的物块A ，物块A 通过轻绳跨过光滑滑轮与质量为26kg m =的物块B 相连，物块B 离地面高度为h ．0t =时刻由静止释放物块B ，同时给长木板一水平向左的初速度07m /s v =，以后物块A 运动的加速度—时间图像如图乙所示．物块与木板间动摩擦因数为1μ，木板与地面间动摩擦因数为2μ，物块与木板间的最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力，且物块始终在木板上．取重力加速度的大小210m /s g =，则下列说法正确的是（ ）甲 乙A ．物块与不板间的动摩擦因数10.1μ=B ．水板与地面间的动摩擦因数20.1μ=C ．木板向左运动的最大位移为3.5mD ．长木板的质量2kg M = 二、实验题（共4+12=16分）11、小明在家中用一根轻弹簧、水瓶、细线、墙钉和贴在墙上的白纸等物品，验证力的平行四边形定则．实验步骤如下：ⅰ．先用图钉A 将弹簧一端固定在白纸上，弹簧另一端通过细绳I L 悬挂矿泉水瓶（与墙、纸无摩擦），如图甲所示；ⅱ．将另一细绳2L 拴于细绳1L 上O 点，并将细绳2L 水平拉直后用图钉B 固定，在白纸上：记下A B O 、、的位置，如图乙所示；ⅲ．在保证O 点位置不变的情况下，交换弹簧与细绳2L 的位置，使其方向与（ⅱ）中对应方向平行，如图丙所示；ⅳ．按照上述方法改变弹簧与细绳2L 的夹角多测几次．甲 乙 丙（1）对于本实验，下列说法或操作正确的是__________；（选填选项前的字母）A ．还需要用天平测出矿泉水的质量B ．还需要测量弹簧的原长以及图甲、乙、丙中弹簧的长度C ．为了保证实验结果尽可能准确，弹簧与细绳2L 的夹角应该越大越好D ．步骤（ⅳ）中每次重复实验时，都应保证O 点位置与第一次实验记录的位置一致（2）小明在进行步骤（ⅲ）时由于粗心将水瓶中的水洒落了少许，但弹簧和细绳2L 的方向都与（ⅱ）中平行，O 点位置也与（ⅱ）中重合，这一操作__________（选填“会”或“不会”）造成误差．12．某兴趣小组的同学做“探究加速度与力、质量的关系”实验时采用了两种方案，图甲是教材中的实验方案；图乙是拓展方案，其实验操作步骤如下：甲 乙ⅰ．测量遮光片的宽度d ，挂上托盘和砝码，调节木板的倾角，使质量为M 的小车通过两光电门的时间一致； ⅱ．取下托盌和砝码，称量出其总质量为m ，将小车从木板上P 点由静止释放，记下小车通过光电门2的时间t ，并测出P 点和光电门2的距离为x ，计算并记录加速度a ；ⅲ．改变砝码质量和木板倾角，重复上述步骤并保证每次小车都从P 点释放，多次测量，作图得到a F -的关系．（1）在记录数据时，把mg 作为合外力F 值的实验方案是__________（选填“甲”、“乙”或“甲和乙”）；需要满足条件M m 的实验方案是__________（选填“甲”、“乙”或“甲和乙”；需要在实验前平衡摩擦力的实验方案是__________（选填“甲”、“乙”或“甲和乙”）．（2）在方案乙中，由步骤（ⅱ）得到的加速度表达式a =__________（使用,,x t d 表示）．（3）该小组的田同学和郑同学都采用了方案乙进行实验，田同学操作正确，而郑同学在步骤（ⅱ）中只取下并称量了砝码的质量，也记为m ，并在没有取下托盘的情况下进行了操作（ⅲ）．两位同学都将自己测量的数据mg 作为小车所受合外力F ，绘制了a F -图像，其中田同学的图像用实线表示，郑同学的图像用虚线表示，则他们得到的图像应是__________（选填图像下方的字母）．若田同学测得图像斜率为1k ，郑同学测得图像斜率为2k ，图A 中纵轴截距为b ，图B 中横轴截距为c ，则托盘质量为__________（只可选用12,,,k k b c 表示）A ．B ．C ．D ．三、计算题（请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分，有数值计算的题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位．共12+14+18=44分）13．（12分）如图所示，质量为m 的物块在一大小为mg 、方向与斜面成37︒角斜向下的推力F （力的作用线在斜面上的投影与斜面底边平行）作用下在斜面上以速度v 做匀速运动，运动过程中斜面一直保持静止．若某时刻，物块与斜面右边缘的距离为x 、与斜面底边的距离为y ，已知sin370.6,cos370.8︒=︒=，斜面质量为M ．求：（1）物块滑离斜面所需要的时间t ；（2）物块滑离斜面前，地面给斜面的支持力大小N14．（14分）如图所示，光滑水平面的左侧有一以/s v =顺时针转动的倾斜传送带，传送带与水平面的夹角37θ=︒且与水平面平滑连接．水平面右侧竖直平面内有一以O '为圆心，半径4m R =的1/4圆弧坡，以弧面最低点的O 点为原点、水平方向为x 轴，竖直方向为y 轴建立直角坐标系xOy ，某时刻有一物体以初速度05m /s v =从水平面冲上传送带．已知传送带足够长，物体与传送带间动摩擦因数20.5,sin 370.6,cos370.8,10m /s g μ=︒=︒==，求：（1）物体在传送带上运动的总时长t ；（2）物体在传送带上相对传送带运动的总路程L ；（3）物体返回水平面后，从右端飞出落在坡上的落点坐标．15．（18分）一质量为m 的粗糙直木棒A 静置于水平地面上，木棒上端通过一轻绳跨过滑轮与质量为m 的重物C 连接，质量为2m 的小环B 套在木棒上．0t =时刻，小环以0/s v =的速度从距木棒底部1.925m h =的位置沿木棒向上滑动，同时由静止释放重物C ．当木棒第一次与水平地面相碰时，连接重物C 的细绳断裂，且每次木棒与地面碰撞时均原速率反弹．已知木棒与小环间的滑动摩擦力f mg =，小环可以看作质点，且整个过程中小环不会从木棒上端滑出．取210m /s g =，最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力，忽略空气阻力以及滑轮与轻绳间的摩擦力，求：（1）0t =时刻，小环和木棒的加速度；（2）木棒第一次与地面碰撞时的速度大小；。

2022级高三化学检测考试时间：2024－10－1075分钟分数：100分可能用到的相对原子质量：H －1Li －7C －12N －14O －16P －31S －32V －51Fe －56Cu －64Co59Cl －35.5一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、工业生产中经常要制备某种物质。

下列物质的一般工业制法正确的是（）A ．用与水反应来制备烧碱B ．用NaClO 与在强碱性条件反应制备C ．将通入冷的澄清石灰水中来制备漂白粉D ．用焦炭还原石英砂制备高纯硅2、古代文献中记载了很多化学研究成果，在实验室中模拟文献中加点步骤的操作，用到的主要仪器错误的是选项古代文献主要仪器A《肘后备急方》中“青蒿一握，以水二升渍，绞取汁，尽服之…截疟”烧杯、玻璃棒B《本草纲目》中“（烧酒）其法用浓酒和糟入甑，蒸令气上，用器盛滴露”蒸馏烧瓶、酒精灯、温度计、冷凝管、牛角管、接收器C《本草纲目》中“彼人采蒿蓼之属，晒干烧灰，以水淋汁，久则凝淀如石，浣衣发面，亦去垢发面”蒸发皿、酒精灯、玻璃棒D 《神农本草经》中“一丹二袖；膏药成稠，三上三下，熬枯去渣…”漏斗、烧杯、玻璃棒3、化学用语可以表达变化过程。

下列化学用语表达正确的是A ．用电子式表示HClO 的形成：B ．的价层电子对互斥（VSEPR ）模型：C ．用轨道表示式表示铜的价电子由激发态跃迁回基态的过程：D ．用电子云轮廓图表示HCl 中s —p 键的形成：4、我国科学家在青蒿素（结构如图）研究方面为人类健康作出了巨大贡献。

下列说法错误的是2Na O ()243Fe SO 24Na FeO 2Cl 2OF σA ．用沸水蒸煮青蒿可获得青蒿素的提取液B ．通过红外光谱可分析青蒿素分子中的化学键信息C ．通过X 射线衍射可测定青蒿素晶体中各个原子的坐标D ．青蒿素分子中含有7个手性碳原子5、下列实验操作正确且能达到实验目的的是A ．装置①可用于制备并测量其体积B ．装置②可用于制作简单燃料电池C ．装置③可用于探究苯酚和碳酸的酸性强弱D ．装置④盐桥中的阳离子向右池迁移起形成闭合回路的作用6、第33届夏季奥运会于2024年7月在法国巴黎开幕。

华中师大一附中2023—2024学年度上学期高一期末检测数学试题满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟一､选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知集合{}{}22,60A x x B x x x =≥=--≤∣∣，则A B ⋂=（ ） A.{}2xx ≥-∣ B.{}23x x ≤≤∣ C.{}3x x ≥∣ D.{2x x ≤-∣或2}x ≥ 2.已知()1sin 3π3α+=，则πcos 2α⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭（ ） A.23 B.223- C.13- D.13 3.函数()cos 22x x x f x -=-的图像大致为（ ） A. B.C. D.4.已知ππ,,22x y ⎛⎫∈- ⎪⎝⎭，则33sin sin x y x y +>--是0x y +>的（ ） A.充要条件 B.充分不必要条件C.必要不充分条件D.既不充分也不必要条件5.已知π0,2θ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，则函数sin cos 2sin cos y θθθθ=-+的值域为（ ） A.15 B.512,4⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦ C.51,4⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ D.51,4⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦6.青少年视力是社会普遍关注的问题，视力情况可借助视力表测量.通常用五分记录法和小数记录法记录视力数据，五分记录法的数据L 和小数记录法的数据V 满足关系式：5lg L V =+.已知五分记录法的评判范围为[4.0,5.2]，设lg 1.4a =，则五分记录法中最大值对应的小数记录法数据为最小值对应的小数记录法数据的倍数为（ ） A.102a + B.2010a a + 10a 21002a + 7.已知0,0x y >>且1x y +=，则2212x y x y +++的最小值为（ ） A.14 B.12 C.1 D.138.已知函数()[]()[]()21,10,10,sin π,10,10.212x x f x x g x x x f x =∈-=+∈-+与()g x 图像共有n 个不同的交点()()()1122,,,,,,n n x y x y x y ⋯，则121n n y y y y -++⋯++=（ ）A.9B.92C.19D.192二､多选题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得5分，部分选对的得2分，有选错的得0分.9.已知下列函数中，最小正周期为π2的是（ ） A.cos2y x = B.πsin 23y x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭C.πtan 24y x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭D.cos 2y x = 10.下列命题为真命题的是（ ） A.若0,0a b c >>>，则a a cb bc +<+ B.若22ac bc >，则a b >C.若11a b>，则a b < D.若0,0a b >>，则553223a b a b a b +≥+11.已知函数()44πsin 2sin cos 6f x x x x ⎛⎫=--+ ⎪⎝⎭，则下列关于函数()f x 的说法正确的是（ ） A.函数()f x 在2π,π3⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递增B.函数()f x 的图象可以由sin2y x =图象向左平移π12个单位长度得到 C.()π6f x f x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭D.若函数()12y f x =+在[],a b 上至少有11个零点，则b a -的最小值为5π 12.已知函数()()411,12log 1,1xx f x x x ⎧⎛⎫-≤⎪ ⎪⎪⎝⎭=⎨⎪->⎪⎩，若函数()y f x k =-有四个零点，从小到大依次为1234,,,x x x x ，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A.120x x +>B.34x x +的最小值为4C.2424x x <+≤D.方程()0f f x t ⎡⎤-=⎣⎦最多有10个不同的实根三､填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.13.2log π404(π4)2(21)-+=__________.14.若幂函数()()22235m m f x m m x -+=+-为偶函数，则不等式()()213f x f x ->+的解集为__________. 15.已知函数()2ππ2tan 1,,22f x x x θθ⎛⎫=+-∈- ⎪⎝⎭，若函数()f x 在3⎡-⎣上单调递减，则θ的取值范围为__________.16.定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足()()1313f x f x +=-，且()24f x +关于()2,0-对称，当01x ≤≤时，()2xf x a =-，则20241(1)()k k f k =+=∑__________.（注：1()(1)(2)()n ig i g g g n ==+++∑）四､解答题：本题共6小题，共70分.解答应写出文字说明､证明过程或演算步骤.17.已知()π3353ππcos tan 0,,0,322ααβαβ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫+=+=∈∈ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭. （1）求πtan 3α⎛⎫+⎪⎝⎭的值； （2）求β的值.18.已知函数()21log f x a x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭. （1）若2a =，求()f x 在11,62⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上的值域； （2）解关于x 的不等式()1f x >.19.2023年10月17日，雅万高铁正式开通运营，标志着印度尼西亚迈入高铁时代，中国印度尼西亚共建“一带一路”取得重大标志性成果.中国高铁正在成为共建“一带一路”和国际产能合作的重要项目.国内某车辆厂决定从传统型､智能型两种型号的高铁列车车厢中选择一种进行投资生产.已知投资生产这两种型号车厢的有关数据如下表（单位：百万元）年固定成本 每节车厢成本 每节车厢价格 每年最多生产的节数 传统型20 m 10 200节 智能型 40 8 18 120节已知23()m m R ≤≤∈，每销售n 节智能型车厢时，需上交20.1n 百万元用于当地基础建设.假设生产的车厢当年都能销售完.（1）设12,y y 分别为该厂投资传统型和智能型两种型号车厢的年利润，分别求出12,y y 与年产量x 之间的函数关系式；（2）①分别求出生产两种型号车厢的平均利润的最大值；②要使生产两种型号车厢的平均利润最大，该厂应该选择生产哪种型号车厢？20.如图是函数()()πsin 0,0,02f x A x A ωϕωϕ⎛⎫=+>><< ⎪⎝⎭图象的一部分.（1）求函数()f x 的解析式；（2）若关于x 的方程()2π2sin 222046f x a x a ⎛⎫+--+= ⎪⎝⎭在π0,3⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上有解，求实数a 的取值范围. 21.已知函数()(),f x g x 分别是定义在R 上的奇函数和偶函数，且()()2x f x g x +=.（1）求函数()(),f x g x 的解析式；（2）设()()()()212244,21x x h x g x mf x p x -=--=+，对[)12,1,x R x ∞∀∈∃∈+，使得()()12p x h x =，求实数m 的取值范围.22.已知函数()()1111,1.(1)42f x x g x k k k k=-+=-+-> （1）设()()()11,04,0f x x x h xg x x ⎧+>⎪=⎨⎪<⎩.若()()()13xh x h x ϕ=+--恰有两个零点12,x x ，且1216x x =-.判断函数()x ϕ的奇偶性（只需给出结论，不需写证明过程），并求实数k 的值； （2）若()()20,,20x t R f x xg x xt t ∃>∀∈++-<成立，求实数k 的取值范围.。

湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期阶段性检测（一）英语试题一、阅读理解With all the dietary information online, it can be hard to know what tips to follow. Watch out for these words and expressions.Fat Is GoodIt doesn’t matter if you are part of the fat is GOOD for you or BAD for you group, the important question to ask is the source of the fat. If it comes from a land-based animal, and is likely to be solid at room temperature, then it is saturated (饱和的) fat whereas if it comes from fish or plants, and it is likely to be liquid at room temperature, then it is unsaturated fat. All the evidence indicates that eating more unsaturated fat than saturated fat lowers your risk of dying early.Natural Sugar Is BetterThe vast majority of sugar we consume is sucrose (蔗糖). It is the white powdered stuff we cook with and is made up of glucose and fructose. How about sugar from honey? It is often marketed as natural and better for you. Actually, it just has its own distinct flavour, but is as sweet because of glucose and fructose.High-pH WaterSome people think we need to eat alkali (碱) food to maintain our blood at a pH of 7.4. But everything we eat or drink passes through the stomach, which, at a pH of 1.5, is the most acidic part of the body. It is then neutralised to a pH of 7. So, nothing we eat will change the pH of our blood.Don’t Eat Anything That Y ou Can’t PronounceWhether foods are natural or highly processed, they are all full of chemicals. Are you supposed to fear “phenylthiocarbamide”, because you can’t pronounce it? This is simply the chemical responsible for the bitter taste found in brassicas, the plants in the cabbage and mustard family.Don’t Eat Food With More Than Five Ingredients(佐料)Simple foods are not necessarily healthier for you. If I, for instance, use Chinese five spice powder in a recipe, that would count as one of the five ingredients. However, what if I added the typical components of five spice powder separately into a dish? Does that mean my recipe suddenly becomes bad because it has more than five ingredients?1．According to the passage, healthier fat ______.A．can be found in fish and plants B．comes from land-based animalsC．remains solid at room temperature D．can lower the death rate of elders2．The passage suggests that ______.A．diets can help adjust the pH of our blood B．honey sugar can do more good than sucrose C．foods with more ingredients may be as healthy D．chemicals we can recognize are safer to take in3．What is the main purpose of the passage?A．To compare tips on food choices.B．To introduce different health concepts.C．To recommend fitness recipes to readers.D．To warn us of some dietarymisunderstandings.Courage is a huge theme in my life, a quality I constantly seek, appreciate, and analyze. The root of “courage” is “cor,” the Latin word for heart. In the beginning, courage meant “to speak one’s mind by telling all one’s heart.” While courage is often associated with heroism nowadays, I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel.I recently witnessed an example of true courage. During a mountain-climbing trip with my 15-year-old daughter and some college students, I noticed her struggling to keep up with the group. Despite my suggestions to rest, she persisted until she couldn’t breathe properly.Panicked, I called out to the front for help, but there was no response, and we had no cellphone signal. Fortunately, two students just came back to check out on us. They offered assistance and calmed us down. As we continued at a slower pace, they shared their own experiences, from starting out as beginners like my daughter to becoming consistently among the first to reach the peak.“You know,” one of them said, looking at my daughter, “I was just like you when I started.But with practice and proper pace, you’ll get there too.”“Yeah, don’t let your lack of experience stop you,” the other added. “It’s okay to admit when you’re struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it’s important to speak up and ask for help when you need it. That’s how we improve and grow.”Reaching the mountain top was a huge relief for both my daughter and me. However, the two students addressed the celebrating group directly, emphasizing the importance of staying together in tough environments. Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle.I was totally amazed at their bravery, and my daughter learned that it’s okay to be the least experienced in a group. Courage, I’ve come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better. 4．Why does the author mention the original meaning of courage?A．To question the common belief of courage.B．To argue for the true nature of courage.C．To show the changing meaning of courage.D．To compare different interpretations of courage.5．What did the two students suggest the daughter do?A．Keep to a suitable pace.B．Seek help whenever possible.C．Challenge her own limits.D．Stick with experienced climbers. 6．Which action in the mountain-climbing story is an example of true courage?A．The mother asked the girl to rest.B．The girl tried hard not to fall behind.C．The two students pointed out the group’s fault.D．The group celebrated the reach of the mountain top.7．What does the author intend to tell us?A．Kindness connects us all.B．Being a beginner takes courage.C．We don’t have to be a hero to be brave.D．With courage, everyone can be perfect.Five times stronger than steel, spider silk’s unique qualities were recognized by the Ancient Greeks—and more recently, scientists have looked at applications from medicine to engineering. Now, a Japanese startup, Spiber, has begun to change the textile industry with this remarkablematerial.The company started by making a substitute in the lab that is similar to spider silk in structure. After studying thousands of different spider species and other silk-producing life forms, Spiber successfully produced an alternative to spider silk. This breakthrough was achieved by fermenting (发酵) a mixture of water, sugar, and nutrients with special microbes to produce protein polymers (聚合物). These polymers are then made into fibers, paving the way for a range of innovative fabrics.However, shifting from lab to practical application presented challenges. In 2015, Spiber partnered with The North Face Japan to produce a limited-edition run of 50 “Moon Parka” jackets to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the moon landings. But during the design process, the team discovered that spider silk became smaller when exposed to water, and had to transform the protein to make the fiber suitable for an outdoor jacket, which took them four years to perfect.Currently, the company uses sugarcane and corn for its fermentation process — crops that use large volumes of land and change food resources. To reduce its environmental impact, Spiber is developing a process called “biosphere circulation” that will transform deserted clothes made from natural materials like cotton into the sugars needed for fermentation.With approximately 100 billion yen ($783 million) in funding, Spiber plans to significantly speed up its production of protein polymers by the end of 2025. “Mass production will help bring the price of fibers down and allow Spiber to expand beyond the high-end designer market and thus we have the means to create solutions to enable more circular fashion,” says Higashi, head of business development at Spiber. “It’s our mission to bring those solutions to the world.”8．What breakthrough did Spiber achieve in the early research?A．It mixed various protein polymers.B．It produced a silk making machine.C．It identified different spider species.D．It created a replacement for spider silk. 9．What was the challenge in making the “Moon Parka” jackets?A．High design costs.B．Spider silk’s sensitivity to water.C．Limited raw materials.D．The partner’s unwillingness to help. 10．What can we know about Spiber’s “biosphere circulation” process?A．It will replace the current fermentation process.B．It will use recycled materials for needed sugars.C．It will promote the development of food industry.D．It will simplify the procedure of clothing production.11．What is Spiber’s plan?A．To raise more money for mass production.B．To increase the output of proteinpolymers.C．To work with other high-end fashion brands.D．To develop a wider range of expensive fibers.My father started learning French at 57, drawn by the potential benefits of bilingualism (双语能力) in delaying dementia (失智症). Now, 20 years later, he’s on his third teacher. Many people like my father have attempted to pick up a new language. But can this really boost brain health?According to experts, regularly using a new language brings cognitive (认知的) benefits. If you’re trying to recall the right words in another language, your brain is forced to inhibit your mother tongue. This process, called cognitive inhibition, helps improve your brain function. Repeating this process makes your brain more resistant to diseases like dementia. The more you challenge your brain, the better it functions, even if your brain health starts to decline.However, evidence for the benefits of learning a second language in your 60s is weaker. Research by Dr. Leo Antoniou found that older Italians who took English lessons for four months didn’t see any difference in their cognition scores, but people who didn’t saw their scores decline. Prof. Diana Smith’s 2023 studies found similar results.Researchers offered a few potential explanations for their disappointing results. One is that the participants were highly motivated volunteers, probably of high cognitive level for their age, making it hard to see any improvements. “When choosing participants, we have to be careful, are they really representative of the population?” said Dr. Judith Ware. Another is that the language interventions were perhaps too short. These studies have used language lessons that “were very different in their length and frequency,” said Prof. Laura Grossman.To Dr. Antoniou, the limited findings are not entirely surprising. No one would say that learning a new language for six months would be the same as having used two languages for your entire life. But he does think that language lessons can provide cognitive benefits by beingcognitively stimulating.Perhaps more important, Prof. Grossman said, learning another language offers other potential advantages, like traveling or connecting with new communities. My father, for example, has remained pen friends with his first teacher and traveled to France numerous times.And at 76, he’s as sharp as ever.12．What happens in the process of “cognitive inhibition”?A．Memory improves.B．Brain health worsens.C．Dementia is cured.D．Native language is held back.13．Which is a possible explanation for the disappointing research results?A．The poor choice of research participants.B．The great length of the language course.C．The intervention of the first language.D．The age difference of the research subjects.14．Whose opinion does the author support by mentioning his father’s experience?A．Leo Antoniou’s.B．Diana Smith’s.C．Laura Grossman’s.D．Judith Ware’s.15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A．Is it never too late to learn a new language?B．Can learning a new language delay dementia?C．Why does my father start learning a new language?D．How does learning a new language benefit aging brain?Artificial Intelligence (AI) geolocation (互联网定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track and monitor wildlife, enabling more powerful conservation efforts. These systems use advanced sensors, satellite imagery, and machine learning algorithms (算法) to gather real-time data on animal movements, habitat preferences, and migration patterns. 16 Traditional tracking methods often rely on non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems, which may cause stress and discomfort to the animals. 17 The devices can work as tags and the camera traps can be set up remotely, which decreases human impact on wildlife.In addition, AI-powered devices collect and analyze data precisely. Through their assistance, scientists can gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations. 18 For example, by analyzing the collected data, conservationists can promote targeted habitat restoration efforts according to the patterns and connections they discovered with the help of AI geolocation devices.19 By monitoring animals’ behavioral changes in real-time, researchers can quickly detect signs of environmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal’s movements could indicate threats or problems. Researchers can then respond immediately, potentially saving the animal’s life.Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered species. 20 This help them feel more connected to the issues wildlife face in habitats. The bond promotes a sense of responsibility among individuals and encourages them to contribute to wildlife conservation efforts through various means, such as donations, volunteer work, and so on.A．This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions.B．However, AI tracking does not require disturbing contact with the animals.C．AI monitoring needs fewer battery replacements than the traditional methods.D．The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation.E．Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience.F．The AI geolocation technology significantly reduces the need for massive fieldwork. G．With real-time data, the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks.二、完形填空I have had no interest in football for as long as I can remember. While my classmates played, I 21 to stay in the library. I never 22 the passion for the game and would throw away the sports section of the newspaper, as if it 23 the rest of it. As I grew up, I proudly wore my 24 .But occasionally, whether in a taxi or when meeting a friend's father, I found myself faced with a 25 opener like, “Terrible season we’re having, eh?” or simply, “Who do yousupport?” My heart sank, knowing my response would unavoidably 26 them, despite their good intentions.I realized that my 27 had closed off many conversations, outings, and even potential friendships I might have 28 enjoyed. Although I couldn't change the fact that I found football boring, I began to regret being a(n) 29 .Then I became a father. I didn’t want my boy to 30 this valuable social experience, so I took him to watch the Lions play. During those matches, we sat close to the field, surrounded by families who had a genuine 31 with the players. My kid’s questions kept me somewhat 32 in the game. Slowly, I started to 33 for the Lions.During one victorious match, we even met David, the Captain, who happily 34 for a photo with my son. 35 , I had an answer to the question,“Who do you support?”21．A．preferred B．intended C．wished D．pretended 22．A．believed B．understood C．noticed D．hid 23．A．confused B．poisoned C．defended D．preserved 24．A．doubt B．smile C．confidence D．dislike 25．A．well-informed B．well-prepared C．well-meant D．well-presented 26．A．challenge B．disturb C．amuse D．disappoint 27．A．attitude B．personality C．interest D．habit 28．A．otherwise B．ever C．still D．therefore 29．A．loser B．fan C．outsider D．passer-by 30．A．go wild for B．turn away from C．get the hang of D．miss out on 31．A．agreement B．conversation C．competition D．connection 32．A．stressed B．engaged C．successful D．busy 33．A．cheer B．change C．vote D．play 34．A．danced B．waved C．posed D．clapped 35．A．Gradually B．Finally C．Unexpectedly D．Luckily三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2022-2023学年高一上学期新生入学测试化学试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、多选题1．化学与生活密切相关，下列不涉及化学变化的是A．乙酸钠过饱和溶液析出晶体并放热B．北京冬奥会场馆使用CO2跨临界直冷制冰C．科学家成功将CO2转化为淀粉或葡萄糖D．切开的苹果放置后切面变色二、单选题2．古医典富载化学知识，下述之物见其氧化性者为A．金(Au)：“虽被火亦未熟"B．石灰(CaO)：“以水沃之，即热蒸而解”C．石硫黄(S)：“能化……银、铜、铁，奇物”CaCO)：“色黄，以苦酒(醋)洗刷则白”D．石钟乳(33．湖北省“铅锡刻镂技艺”是国家级非物质文化遗产之一，其为青铜器中繁复纹饰及铭文的制作与修复提供了高质高效的解决方案。

下列说法错误的是A．锡在化学反应中易失电子B．铅锡合金适合做飞机的外壳材料C．铅锡合金熔点低于锡D．锡和铅最外层电子数相同4．化学实验操作是进行科学实验的基础。

下列操作符合规范的是A．A B．B C．C D．D5．2021年12月9日，中国空间站“天宫课堂”中航天员介绍，他们所需的部分水是由呼吸产生的二氧化碳通过化学反应生成的，实现了循环利用，下图是该反应的示意图。

下列说法正确的是A ．该反应为置换反应B ．参加反应的甲和乙分子个数比为1:3C ．甲和丙中碳元素的化合价不同D ．参加反应的甲和生成的丙质量比为1:16．下列关于各组物质的分类及说法正确的有几项①混合物：氯水、漂白粉、水银、食醋、石灰水、CuSO 4·5H 2O ①胶体：饱和氯化铁溶液、蔗糖溶液、牛奶①酸性氧化物：Mn 2O 7、CO 2、NO 、P 2O 5，碱性氧化物：Na 2O 、Na 2O 2、CaO 、Al 2O 3 ①酸：HCl 、NaHCO 3、H 2SO 4，碱：NaOH 、Ba(OH)2、Na 2CO 3 ①盐：KMnO 4、MgCl 2、H 2O 2、酒精 ①电解质：BaSO 4、NH 3、NaOH 、纯醋酸 ①同素异形体：C 60、C 80、金刚石、石墨①根据酸分子中含有的氢原子个数，将酸分为一元酸、二元酸和多元酸 ①根据是否有丁达尔效应将分散系分为溶液、胶体和浊液 ①根据化合物在水溶液中是否能导电分为电解质和非电解质 A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．57．能正确表示下列反应的离子方程式为A ．碳酸镁与稀盐酸反应：CO 23-+2H +=CO 2↑+H 2OB ．向CaCl 2溶液中通入CO 2：Ca 2++H 2O+CO 2=CaCO 3↓+2H +C ．过氧化钠与水反应：Na 2O 2+H 2O=2Na ++2OH -+O 2↑D ．将等物质的量浓度的Ba(OH)2和NH 4HSO 4溶液以体积比1:2混合：Ba 2++2OH -+2H ++SO 24-=BaSO 4↓+2H 2O8．室温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中能大量共存的是 A ．无色透明的溶液中：Fe 3+、Mg 2+、SCN -、Cl - B ．0.1mol/L AgNO 3溶液：K +、Na +、Cl -、CO 23-C ．加入Mg 能放出H 2的溶液中：Mg 2+、Na +、SO 24-、NH 4+D ．使酚酞变红色的溶液中：Na +、NH 4+、SO 24-、Cl -9．在2.8gFe 中加入100mL3mol/LHCl ，Fe 完全溶解。

湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2025届英语高三第一学期期末达标测试试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Three days after the aircraft went missing, an international effort ________ ships and planes hasn't found any wreckage, ________ growing frustration for the families of the 239 people on board.A．involved; causing B．to involve; causedC．involving; causing D．involving; having caused2．I think you could complain, _______, of course, you are happy with the way thing s are.A．unless B．that C．which D．where3．They are smiling. There ______ much trouble solving the problem.A．couldn’t be B．mustn’t beC．can’t have been D．mustn’t have been4．—How do you find the health club?—I would rather I ______ it. I feel its management is going from bad to worse. A．haven’t joined B．hadn’t joinedC．did n’t join D．had joined5．Taking online reading into consideration, we can challenge the assumption ____ reading for pleasure continues to decrease.A．whether B．that C．where D．when6．— Mary looks hot and dry.— So ________ you if you had a high fever.A．could B．would C．may D．must7．On the surface of the water ________, which spoiled the beautiful scenery of the park. A．some dead leaves did float B．some dead leaves floatedC．floated some dead leaves D．did some dead leaves float8．—I will pick you up at 7 o’cl ock tomorrow morning. Is that all right?—________. See you then.A．I’d love to.B．That’s settled.C．It’s up to you D．My pleasure9．I think you’ve got to the point a change is needed , otherwise you’ll fail . A．when B．which C．where D．there10．It’s _______ for people to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life.A．reasonable B．availableC．accurate D．cautious11．--- Mom, can you give me an extra 200 yuan a month?--- Son, we have just bought a house, and from now on we need to practisestrict .A．economy B．medicine C．self-control D．patience12．The monitor said that the learning method he used improved his maths. A．greatly B．nearly C．normally D．seriously13．She said her ________ is enough to support her in later years and that her only hope is that her son can visit regularly. After all she had not much time left.A．pension B．benefit C．allowance D．bonus14．I shook hands and ________ greetings with the manager, who I impressed a lot. A．conveyed B．swapped C．exchanged D．switched15．----- Hi, Mark. How was the musical evening?----- Excellent! Ales and Andy performed _________ and they won the firs prize. A．skillfully B．commonly C．willingly D．nervously16．Andy can go to the cinema together with us he has finished the task．A．unless B．as soon as C．until D．as long as17．As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.A．Which B．thatC．what D．where18．---May! How is your plan? I heard you started it last Sunday.---Oh! I for it, but I haven’t decided where to start it.A．have prepared B．had prepared C．have been preparing D．was preparing 19．Everything is amazing. Thank you all. We without your help. A．can’t make it B．mustn’t have madeC．w on’t make D．couldn’ t have made it20．—I’m afraid I couldn’t go to your birthday party.I have a test next Monday.—Oh，！You’re my best friend and you must be there！A．go ahead B．come on C．you needn’t D．it doesn’t matter 第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。