【二轮推荐】2013届高中新课标生物二轮总复习(湖南用)限时训练：综合测试卷(三)

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标卷Ⅱ)理综生物（适用地区：贵州、甘肃、青海、西藏、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、宁夏、内蒙古、新疆、云南）1.关于DNA和RNA的叙述，正确的是（）A.DNA有氢键，RNA没有氢键B.一种病毒同时含有DNA和RNAC.原核细胞中既有DNA，也有RNAD.叶绿体、线粒体和核糖体都含有DNA【答案】C2.关于叶绿素的叙述，错误．．的是（）A.叶绿素a和叶绿素b都含有镁元素B.被叶绿素吸收的光可用于光合作用C.叶绿素a和叶绿素b在红光区的吸收峰值不同D.植物呈现绿色是由于叶绿素能有效地吸收绿光【答案】D3.下列与微生物呼吸有关的叙述，错误．．的是（）A.肺炎双球菌无线粒体，但能进行有氧呼吸B.与细菌呼吸有关的酶由拟核中的基因编码C.破伤风芽孢杆菌适宜生活在有氧的环境中D.有氧和无氧时，酵母菌呼吸作用产物不同【答案】C4.关于免疫细胞的叙述，错误．．的是（）A.淋巴细胞包括B细胞、T细胞和吞噬细胞B.血液和淋巴液中都含有T细胞和B细胞C.吞噬细胞和B细胞都属于免疫细胞D.浆细胞通过胞吐作用分泌抗体【答案】A5. 在生命科学发展过程中，证明DNA是遗传物质的实脸是（）①孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验②摩尔根的果蝇杂交实脸③肺炎双球菌转化实验④T2噬菌体侵染大肠杆菌实验⑤ DNA的X光衍射实脸A.①②B.②③C.③④D.④⑤【答案】C6. 关于酶的叙述，错误．．的是（）A. 同一种酶可存在于分化程度不同的适细胞中B.低温能降低酶活性的原因是其破坏了酶的空间结构C.酶通过降低化学反应的活化能来提高化学反应速度D.酶既可以作为催化剂，也可以作为另一个反应的底物【答案】B29.（10分）已知大麦在萌芽过程中可以产生α-淀粉酶，用GA（赤霉素）溶液处理大麦可使其不用发芽就产生α-淀粉酶。

为验证这一结论，某同学做了如下实验：注：实验结果中“+”越多表示颜色越深。

表中液体量的单位均为mL。

回答下列问题：（1）α-淀粉酶催化_____ 水解可生成二糖，该二糖是_____ 。

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试注意事项：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答第二卷时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本题共6小题，每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.关于DNA和RNA的叙述，正确的是（）A.DNA有氢键，RNA没有氢键B.一种病毒同时含有DNA和RNAC.原核细胞中既有DNA，也有RNAD.叶绿体、线粒体和核糖体都含有DNA解析：RNA在翻译成蛋白质的过程中还有，故A错。

一种病毒只能还有一种核酸，故B 错。

核糖体没有DNA故D错2.关于叶绿素的叙述，错误的是（）A.叶绿素a和叶绿素b都含有镁元素B.被叶绿素吸收的光可用于光合作用C.叶绿素a和叶绿素b在红光区的吸收峰不同D.植物呈现绿色是由于叶绿素能有效地吸收绿光解析：镁是组成叶绿素中重要的成分，故A正确。

叶绿素吸收的光能绝大部分用也光能，特殊状态的叶绿素a能将光能转化为电能，故B正确。

植物呈现绿色是因为叶绿素放射绿光，吸收较少的绿光，故D是错误的3.下列与微生物呼吸有关的叙述，错误的是（）A.肺炎双球菌无线粒体，但能进行有氧呼吸B.与细胞呼吸有关的酶由拟核中的基因编码C.破伤风芽孢杆菌适宜生活在有氧的环境中D.有氧和无氧时，酵母菌呼吸作用产物不同解析：肺炎双球菌死原核生物故没有线粒体，但有于有氧呼吸有关的酶。

C答案的破伤风杆菌是适宜在无氧环境中4.关于免疫细胞的叙述，错误的是（）A.淋巴细胞包括B细胞、T细胞和吞噬细胞B.血液和淋巴液中都含有T细胞和B细胞C.吞噬细胞和B细胞都属于免疫细胞D.浆细胞通过胞吐作用分泌抗体解析：A答案淋巴细胞不包括吞噬细胞。

第11课时盐类的水解和离子浓度大小的比较1.下列说法中错误的是( )A．在0.1 mol ·L－1的氢氟酸中加入适量的蒸馏水，溶液中c(OH－)减小B．室温下，CH3COOH分子可以存在于酸性、碱性、中性溶液中C．在由水电离出的c(OH－)＝1×10－12mol ·L－1的溶液中，NH＋4可能大量存在D．在NaAlO2溶液中，NaHCO3不可能大量存在2.(2011·福建)常温下0.1 mol·L－1醋酸溶液的pH＝a，下列能使溶液pH＝(a＋1)的措施是( )A．将溶液稀释到原体积的10倍B．加入适量的醋酸钠固体C．加入等体积0.2 mol·L－1盐酸D．提高溶液的温度3.向25 mL 0.1 mol/L NaOH溶液中逐滴加入0.2 mol/L CH3COOH溶液，曲线如图所示，有关粒子浓度关系比较正确的是( )A．在A、B间任一点，溶液中一定都有c(Na＋)>c(CH3COO－)>c(OH－)>c(H＋)B．在B点，a>12.5，且有c(Na＋)＝c(CH3COO－)＝c(OH－)＝c(H＋)C．在C点：c(CH3COO－)>c(Na＋)>c(H＋)>c(OH－)D．在D点：c(CH3COO－)＋c(CH3COOH)＝c(Na＋)4.(2012·江苏)25℃时，有c(CH3COOH)＋c(CH3COO－)＝0.1mol·L－1的一组醋酸和醋酸钠混合溶液，溶液中c(CH3COOH)、c(CH3COO－)与pH的关系如图所示。

下列有关离子浓度关系叙述正确的是( )A．pH＝5.5溶液中：c(CH3COOH)＞c(CH3COO－)＞c(H＋)＞c(OH－)B．只有W点溶液中存在下列关系：c(Na＋)＋c(H＋)＝c(CH3COO－)＋c(OH－)C．pH＝3.5溶液中：c(Na＋)＋c(H＋)－c(OH－)＋c(CH3COOH)＝0.1mol·L－1D．向W点所表示溶液中通入0.05molHCl气体(溶液体积变化可忽略)：c(H＋)＝c(CH3COOH)＋c(OH－)5.下列各溶液中，微粒的物质的量浓度关系正确的是( )A．0.1 mol ·L－1Na2CO3溶液：c(OH－)＝c(HCO－3)＋c(H＋)＋c(H2CO3)B．0.1 mol ·L－1NH4Cl溶液：c(NH＋4)＝c(Cl－)C．向醋酸钠溶液中加入适量醋酸，得到的酸性混合溶液：c(Na＋)＞c(CH3COO－)＞c(H＋)＞c(OH－)D．向硝酸钠溶液中滴加稀盐酸得到的pH＝5的混合溶液：c(Na＋)＝c(NO－3)6.下列溶液中有关物质的量浓度关系正确的是( )A．将稀氨水逐滴加入稀硫酸中，当溶液的pH＝7时，c(SO2－4)>c(NH＋4)B．两种醋酸溶液的物质的量浓度分别为c1和c2，pH分别为a和a＋1，则c1＝10c2C．物质的量浓度相等的CH3COOH和CH3COONa溶液等体积混合：c(CH3COO－)＋c(OH－)＝2c(H ＋)＋c(CH3COOH)D．NaB溶液的pH＝8，c(Na＋)－c(B－)＝0.99×10－6mol·L－17.(2012·四川)常温下，下列溶液中的微粒浓度关系正确的是( )A．新制氯水中加入固体NaOH：c(Na＋)＝c(Cl－)＋c(ClO－)＋c(OH－)B．pH＝8.3的NaHCO3溶液：c(Na＋)＞c(HCO－3)＞c(CO2－3)＞c(H2CO3)C．pH＝11的氨水与pH＝3的盐酸等体积混合：c(Cl－)＝c(NH＋4)＞c(OH－)＝c(H＋)D．0.2mol·L－1CH3COOH溶液与0.1mol·L－1NaOH溶液等体积混合：2c(H＋)－2c(OH－)＝c(CH3COO－)－c(CH3COOH)8.将0.2 mol·L－1HA溶液与0.2 mol·L－1NaOH溶液等体积混合，测得混合溶液中c(Na ＋)>c(A－)，则(用“>”、“<”或“＝”填写下列空白)。

近年高考生物真题综合训练（必修2）2-1 遗传的细胞基础 考点 1（1）细胞的减数分裂 第 2、24 题 学生反思小结能力要求Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅱ 学生反思小结 Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅱ 学生反思小结 Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅱ 学生反思小结 Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅰ 学生反思小结 Ⅰ Ⅰ Ⅰ 学生反思小结1考点 2（2）动物配子的形成过程 第 14 题 考点 3（3）动物的受精过程 第 14、24 题 2-2 遗传的分子基础 考点 1（1）人类对遗传物质的探索过程 第 1 题 考点 2（2）DNA 分子结构的主要特点 第 7 题 考点 3（3）基因的的概念 第 17 题 考点 4（4）DNA 分子的复制 第 4、7、15 题 考点 5（5）遗传信息的转录和翻译 第 3、4、5、6、9、18、22 题 2-3 遗传的基本规律 考点 1（1）孟德尔遗传实验的科学方法 第题 考点 2（2）基因的分离定律和自由组合定律 第 24 题 考点 3（3）基因与性状的关系 第 24 题 考点 4（4）伴性遗传 第 23 题 2-4 生物的变异 考点 1（1）基因重组及其意义 第 15、22 题 考点 2（2）基因突变的特征和原因 第 13、16、22、24 题 考点 3（3）染色体结构变异和数目变异 第 15、22、24 题 考点 5（4）生物变异在育种上应用 第 13、15、22 题 考点 6（5）转基因食品的安全 第 22 题 2-5 人类遗传病 考点 1（1）人类遗传病的类型 第 2 题 考点 2（2）人类遗传病的监测和预防 第 23 题 考点 3（3）人类基因组计划及其意义 第 23、24 题 2-6 生物的进化考点 1（1）现代生物进化理论的主要内容 第 8、10 题 考点 2（2）生物进化与生物多样性的形成 第 11 题Ⅱ Ⅱ一、单项选择题（本大题 8 小题，每小题 3 分，共 24 分） （2012江苏）1、人类对遗传物质本质的探索经历了漫长的过程，下列有关叙述正确的是（ ） A. 孟德尔发现遗传因子并证实了其传递规律和化学本质 B. 噬菌体侵染细菌实验比肺炎双球菌体外转化实验更具说服力 C. 沃森和克里克提出在 DNA 双螺旋结构中嘧啶数不等于嘌呤数 D. 烟草花叶病毒感染烟草实验说明所有病毒的遗传物质是 RNA （2012 江苏）2. 下列关于人类性别决定与伴性遗传的叙述，正确的是（ ） A. 性染色体上的基因都与性别决定有关 B. 性染色体上的基因都伴随性染色体遗传 C. 生殖细胞中只表达性染色体上的基因 D. 初级精母细胞和次级精母细胞中都含Y染色体 （2012 新课标）3.同一物种的两类细胞各产生一种分泌蛋白，组成这两种蛋白质的各种氨基酸含量相同， 但排列顺序不同。

第十九讲细节理解题(1)(8 min.)(原创)There are hundreds of travel writers. It will not be easy for you to make a mark, unless you are different. Reading the works of great travel writers and getting inspired by them are not a bad thing, but you should not copy their style and their approach. The world needs something new. Greatness is not achieved through following, it is achieved through leading, and to lead you need to choose your own approach!Being a travel writer can be _exacting. You must realize that you will not be the first one in a long line. Flights will not arrive on time for you, every hotel will not have a room for you, and you may not be able to make a living out of your work. So, you should be prepared mentally and physically before you begin your quest to explore the world.When you write a travel guide, you should remember that you are not the subject in your guide! You should always focus on the place that you are exploring. What is the difference between visiting a place and exploring it? The answer is very simple, when you visit a place you ask the question ‘where to go？’ and when you explore, you ask ‘why to go there？’ Your work should not turn out to be just a map which shows directions. It should explain why you chose a specific direction. If you are not curious while traveling, you will never have something new for your readers.I believe that every individual has a unique style of writing. You should dare to have a different approach. Avoid long personal stories and do not neglect grammar and punctuations.You should also take efforts to promote your work. You should make use of blogs, and popular social networking sites to promote your work. Try to establish contact with major publications. Once your work gets published in a big magazine, there is no stopping.There are many travel writers who say that this is the best job in the world. If you love traveling, you will love this job!1. According to the first paragraph, what do you need to do if you want to be a good travel writer?A. Develop your own style.B. Try to imitate others' approach.C. Read a lot of others' works.D. Get instructed by other writers.2. The underlined word “exacting” can be best replaced by “______”．A. interestingB. excitingC. rewardingD. challenging3. When you travel everywhere, what should you keep in mind according to Para.3?A. Patience.B. Curiosity.C. Judgment.D. Excitement.4. We can infer from the fourth paragraph that ______.A. places visited by thousands of writers have no untold storiesB. no one really has the time to read books with hundreds of pagesC. your reputation will be the same even with grammatical mistakesD. you can expect any miracles right after your first work is published5. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?A. Making a good preparation.B. Visiting and exploring.C. Marketing yourself.D. Remembering some writing tips.(2)(8 min.)(2012·长郡中学月考五)Increasingly over the last few years, we have become familiar with the range of small electronic devices or “smart” accessories (附件，饰品). Pocket heart­rate monitors for joggers and electronic maps are just the first examples of many new products that promise to change our lives in all sorts of surprising ways.As a scientist at New York University, Rosalind Picard tries out different smart accessories before they go on the market. One of these was the so­called “frown (皱眉) headband”. Rosalind was shocked to realize just how often she frowned. Stuck in a traffic jam recently, Rosalind kept hearing the sounds of the tiny sensor inside the band worn around her forehead —each time she frowned in annoyance, the sensor gave out a signal.Another computer scientist, Steven Feiner, is working on a pair of glasses that will do more than help you to see. Imagine you want to try a restaurant in a foreign city but you're not familiar with the dishes on the menu. If you are wearing a pair of Steven's glasses, all you have to do is glance above the restaurant's doorway and your glasses will immediately become windows to the Internet, offering you full details of the meals served inside. The glasses could also be used to help people make speeches, give chefs access to the latest recipes and even provide doctors with patient information while they carry out operations.At the moment, Steven's invention looks more like a large ski mask than a pair of glasses.It's a headset connected to a hand­held computer and a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, which tracks the wearer's position. But he says that these head­worn displays will eventually get smaller and lighter as technology improves.And, of course, this new technology has a fashionable as well as a useful application. A chemical engineer named Robert Langer has invented a new microchip that, if put inside a ring, can give off different smells according to a person's mood. That, of course, may or may not appeal to you. And, in the end, it is shoppers, not scientists, who will determine which of these smart accessories will succeed as fashionable items and which are sure to join history's long list of crazy inventions.It is clear, however, that as computers get smaller and cheaper, they will pop up in all sorts of easily­wearable accessories, even in the buttons on your coat. What's more, this is something that's going to happen a lot sooner than we all expect.1. When Rosalind wore the headband, she was surprised at ______.A. how well the sensor workedB. how she was affected by trafficC. how strong the signal wasD. how comfortable it was2. For people eating out, Steven's glasses can ______.A. give them a restaurant's locationB. let them see a restaurant's environmentC. inform them about a restaurant's menuD. tell them about a restaurant's quality3. What is the current problem with Steven's glasses?A. Limited function.B. Inconvenience.C. High cost.D. Poor Internet access.4. In general, what does the writer think about smart accessories?A. They will soon be widely available.B. Much more research is needed into them.C. Only a few of them will appeal to shoppers.D. Most of them are considered to be crazy inventions.5. What's the writer's purpose in writing this passage?A. To advertise some smart accessories.B. To tell interesting stories about smart accessories.C. To argue that smart accessories are fashionable.D. To introduce the ideas of smart accessories.(3)(8 min.)(原创)From the car park at the foot of the Range of the Awful Hand, it is a short walk to what may be the darkest place in Scotland. The site is famous among a small group of enthusiasts who come here in black nights to stand, watch and wonder.The patch of ground is surrounded by 300 square miles of moorland(沼泽地), woods and lakes that form the rough wilderness of Galloway Forest Park in southern Scotland, and in a few weeks, officials at the park will take steps towards making it Europe's first dark sky park.Only two other parks in the world, one in Pennsylvania, the other in Utah, have been recognized by the International Dark­Sky Association, a US­based organization that seeks to preserve the darkest corners of the Earth. To earn dark sky park status, officials will submit digital photographs of the night sky taken through a fisheye lens(超广角镜头). Their application must also be supported by readings from light meters at different points in the park.In 1989, the British Astronomical Society set up a group called the Campaign for Dark Skies to highlight the growing issue of light pollution. W ith increasing urbanization come better­lit streets, roads and buildings, which send light needlessly up into the sky, hiding all but the brightest stars. According to some estimates, the amount of light sent into space costs around $110 million a year.“I f you go out in an urban street and look up at night, you might see 50, maybe 100 stars at best. But come to our park and when you look up, there are so many stars you can't count them. You can see shooting stars, satellites and the Milky Way, with its billions of stars. You don't even need a high­powered telescope: a pair of binoculars is brilliant，” said Keith Muir, an official at Galloway Forest Park.Steven Owens, a British astronomer, also said, “We've become a very urban population, and in doing so we've cut ourselves off from experiences people have had for hundreds and thousands of years.”“People have been looking up at the night sky, telling stories and passing on myths and legends for the whole recorded human history. But when we moved into cities, we lost that deepconnection with the universe. In setting up dark sky parks, we're trying to reconnect people with nature.”1. What attracts people most in Galloway Forest Park?A. The dark nights.B. The wonderful scenery.C. 300 square miles of moorland.D. The rough wilderness.2. What must be included for Galloway Forest Park to gain dark sky status?A. Some myths and legends.B. Some pictures of the Milky Way.C. Digital photographs of the night sky.D. Light meters used at different points in the park.3. Why was the Campaign for Dark Skies set up?A. To highlight the growing issue of light pollution.B. To preserve the wildlife in Scotland.C. To attract world's attention to the dark corners on earth.D. To prevent urbanization.4. In comparison with urban nights, people can ______ at Galloway nights.A. enjoy all the rough wildernessB. breathe fresh airC. enjoy countless starsD. count all the stars 5. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Observing StarsB. Europe's First Dark Sky ParkC. The International Dark­Sky AssociationD. Three Dark Sky Parks in the World(4)(8 min.)Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline­powered cousins.People in California love to tal k about “zero­emissions vehicles”， but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants mostly use fire to make it. Aside from the new folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators. Generators are fueled by something — usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal(地热的) plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.In other word s, those “zero­emissions” cars are likely coal­burning cars. It's just because the coal is burned somewhere else that it looks clean. It is not. It's as if the California Greensare covering their eyes —“If I can't see it, it's not happening.” Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas (or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat — at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.A gallon of gas may propel your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far —so electric cars burn more fuel than gas­powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from nukes(核能发电厂), or geothermal, or hydro, or solar, or wind, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don't use much of those energy sources.In addition, electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When it's a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.1. What does “clueless” mean in paragraph 2?A. People are seeing the California Greens everywhere.B. People in California love to talk about “zero­emissions vehicles”．C. People in California love to have their roofs covered with solar cells.D. People there have no idea that so far electricity mainly comes from burning coal, oil, etc.2. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Electric cars are not clean at all.B. Electric cars are better than gasoline­powered ones.C. People cast doubts on electric cars' batteries.D. Gasoline is an efficient way to power a vehicle.3. The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run ______.A. not less than 25 milesB. more than 25 milesC. no more than 25 milesD. not more than 25 miles4. According to the passage, electric cars ______.A. do not burn fuel and more environmentally­friendlyB. are toxic because it is difficult for nature to clean it up when their batteries are buried in one spotC. are very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentratedD. are poisonous for a long time and will eventually end up in a landfill5. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. being green is good and should be encouraged in communicationB. electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning somethingC. zero­emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environmentD. electric cars are now the dominant vehicle compared with g asoline­powered cousins答案第十九讲细节理解题(1)怎样成为一个优秀的旅游作家？作者给出了自己的建议。

小专题11生物的变异1.人体细胞内含有抑制癌症发生的P53(P＋)基因。

下图表示从正常人和患者体内获取的P53基因的部分区域。

癌症患者的P53基因突变后为P－。

已知限制酶E识别序列为CCGG。

现有某人的P53基因部分区域经限制酶E 完全切割后，共出现170、220、290和460个碱基对的四种片段，那么他的基因型是A．P＋P＋B．P＋P－C．P－P－D．P＋P＋P－2.假如人工诱导某健康雄性小鼠成功地发生了1个基因突变，测得相关的蛋白质分子中有1个氨基酸改变，但该个体性状完全没有变化，则后代的情况可能的组合是①仍然没有变化②其下一代雄性个体中约有1/2发生改变③杂交后代之间相交，出现性状改变的个体④杂交后代之间相交，性状改变的个体全部为雌性A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①③3.生物的某些变异可通过细胞分裂某一时刻染色体的行为来识别。

甲、乙两模式图分别表示细胞分裂过程中出现的“环形圈”、“十字形结构”现象，图中字母表示染色体上的基因。

下列有关叙述正确的是A．甲图所示现象是因为发生了个别碱基对的增添或缺失B．甲图所示现象是因为发生染色体片段的易位C．乙图所示现象是因为非同源染色体之间进行了交叉互换D．乙图所示现象是因为同源染色体非姐妹染色单体之间发生交叉互换4.(2012·江苏卷)某植株的一条染色体发生缺失突变，获得该缺失染色体的花粉不育，缺失染色体上具有红色显性基因B，正常染色体上具有白色隐性基因b(见下图)。

如以该植株为父本，测交后代中部分表现为红色性状。

下列解释合理的是A．减数分裂时染色单体1或2上的基因b突变为BB．减数第二次分裂时姐妹染色单体3与4自由分离C．减数第二次分裂时非姐妹染色单体之间自由组合D．减数第一次分裂时非姐妹染色单体之间交叉互换5.图甲为果蝇体细胞中染色体结构模式图，图乙为该个体减数分裂形成配子时某细胞中的两对染色体。

下列说法正确的是A．图甲含有两个染色体组，图乙含有四个染色体组B．基因A、W之间遗传时遵循基因的自由组合定律C．图乙减数分裂完成后，若形成Da的卵细胞，则同时产生的三个极体的基因型是Da、dA、dAD．图乙减数分裂完成后，若形成了Dda的卵细胞，其原因只是减数第一次分裂后期同源染色体①和②没有分离6.(2012·广东卷)科学家用人工合成的染色体片段，成功替代了酵母菌的第6号和第9号染色体的部分片段，得到的重组酵母菌能存活，未见明显异常。

第二十二讲推理判断题(1)(8 min.)(2012·师大附中一模)Back in the old days, when I was a child, we sat around the family round table at dinner time and exchanged our daily experiences. It wasn't very organized, but everyone was recognized and all the news that had to be told was told by each family member.We listened to each other and the interest was not put­on; it was real. Our family was a unit and we supported each other, and nurtured each other, and liked each other, and — we were even willing to admit — we loved each other.Today, the family round table has moved to the local fast­food restaurant and talk is not easy, much less encouraged.Grandma, who used to live upstairs, is now the voice on long distance, and the working parent is far too beaten down each day to spend evening relaxation time listening to the sandbox experience of an eager four­year­old.So family conversation is as extinct as my old toys and parental questions such as “What have you been doing, Bobby？” have been replaced by “I'm busy, go to watch television.”And watch TV they do; count them by the millions.But it's usually not children's television that children watch. Saturday morning, the children's hour, amounts to only about 8 percent of their weekly viewing.Where are they to be found? Watching adult television, of course, from the Match Game in the morning, to the afternoon at General Hospital, from the muggings and battles on the evening news right through the family hour and past into Starsky and Hutch. That's where you find our kids, over five million of them, at 10 p. m．， not fewer than a million until after midnight! All of this is done with parental permission.Television, used well, can provide enriching experiences for our young people, but we must use it with some sense. When the carpet is clean, we turn off the vacuum cleaner. When the dishes are clean, the dishwasher turns itself off.Not so the television, which is on from the sun in the morning to the moon at night and beyond!Parents must exercise some control and show some concern about the cultural influence on the child when a program not intended for that child is viewed. Parents need to intervene. Nonintervention may be a wise policy in international affairs, but the results of parental nonintervention will not be wise at all.1. From the first two paragraphs one may infer that the writer's a attitude towards “the old days” is ______.A. preferringB. hatingC. being tired ofD. disappointing2. The working parent is not willing to listen to her (his) four­year­old chil d talking about his sandbox games because she (he) is ______.A. boringB. very tiredC. busyD. angry3. According to the writer, the responsibility for the kid's watching adult television and watching it for a long time should be undertaken by ______.A. the television stationsB. the societyC. TV programsD. their parents4. If we use television with some ______， television can provide our young people with much knowledge.A. instruction of expertsB. judgment of our ownC. direction of engineersD. indication of teachers5. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Parental nonintervention will not be praised.B. Nonintervention may be a good policy in international affairs.C. Parents must exercise some control and show some concern about the cultural influence on the children.D. Parents need to intervene.(2)(8 min.)(2012·师大附中二模)Dallas Children's Theater AcademyShow Biz Summer 2012Rosewood Center for Family Arts5938 Skillman*Dallas, TX 75231 * (214) 978­0110Important Information* All classes are taught by DCT Theater Professionals!* All Grade Levels indicated are for Fall 2012.* Tuition Deposit required for registration.* Tuition balance due on the first day of class. No tuition refunds (退款).* DCT reserves the right to cancel any class; refunds made for cancellation.* Please accompany student to first day of class.* Registration begins one­half hour before class time.* Questions? Call Nancy Schaeffer at (214) 978­0110 or e­mail nancy@How to RegisterMAIL: Fill out the form in this brochure.* Be sure to list the class and group that you want & the dates.* The registration form may be copied.FAX: Complete the registration form and fax it to DCT at (214) 978­0118.PHONE: Call (214) 978­0110.WEB: Visit __,_click on Academy ClassesDrama Days! — $175Entering Grades: Group A: K Group B: 1st & 2nd Group C: 3rd — 5thMon. — Fri. 9: 30 a．m. — 1 p．m. June 2 — June 6* Day One — come up with a character, work with your class to plan the play.* Day Two —create the situations and scenes for your one­of­a­kind show!* Day Three — rehearse (排演) your part.* Day Four — pick a costume, get ready!* Day Five — SHOWTIME — invite family and friends to your Friday Showcase!* Bring a sack lunch and drink each day!Laugh out Loud —$175Entering Grades: 5＋Mon. — Fri.1: 30 p．m.—5: 00 p．m. June 23—June 27 Show Friday, June 27* Do you like comedy? Try your hand at the world of comedy in the class just for you!* Learn a comedy sketch from the old masters!* Tell a joke! Learn why old jokes can be the best!* Work with your class to put on a one­of­a­kind Comedy Show for family and friends!Acting — Just Acting — $225Group A: Entering Grades K; Group B: Entering Grades 1st — 2nd; Group C: Entering Grades 3rd — 4th; Mon. — Fri. 9: 30 a．m. — 2: 30 p．m.; Session Ⅰ： July 28 — Aug. 1; Session Ⅱ： Aug. 4 —Aug. 8; Session Ⅲ： Aug. 11 — Aug. 15 * Are you ready to challenge your acting skills and try something new?* Start with the characters: Who are you? Be the star of your dreams.* Become the character you've always wanted to be.* Work with your class to create the plot.* Get ready to present your show for family and friends on the final Friday!Summer Scenes — $225Entering Grades 5th and 6th; Mon. — Fri.9: 30 a．m — 2: 30 p．m.; Session Ⅰ： July 28 —Aug.1; Session Ⅱ： Aug.4 —Aug.8; Session Ⅲ： Aug.11 — Aug.15* Do you want to be an actor?* Improve your skills with instruction from professional actors & directors.* Rehearse and perform scenes from your favorite plays.* Develop characters and polish performances!1. What is the purpose of the text?A. To earn money from the introduction.B. To attract readers to attend Summer Scenes.C. To persuade readers to attend Show Biz Summer 2012.D. To teach readers how to register for Show Biz Summer 2012.2. If you want to attend Show Biz Summer 2012, you should be aware that ______.A. there'll be no refunds in any caseB. tuition must be paid at least before June 2C. registration begins half an hour after class timeD. students had better be accompanied on the first day3. It can be inferred from the text that all the four one­week specials ______.A. are intended for children aged below 7B. are all held at Rosewood Center for Family ArtsC. will take place in June or July and last five daysD. need students to bring a sack lunch and drink each day4. Which of the following classes suits those who want to be actors?A. Summer Scenes.B. Acting — Just Acting.C. Laugh out Loud.D. Drama Days!5. Where is the text most probably from?A. A newspaper.B. An entertainment magazine.C. A guide book.D. Part of a brochure.(3)(8 min.)(2012·长郡中学月考六)Have you ever ripped a dollar bill by mistake? If so, perhaps you taped it back together. Sometimes money is damaged in more serious ways. Then it is not easy to fix. If you cannot repair paper money, you cannot use it. You have to send badly damaged money to a special government office in Washington, D. C.The people who work in this office sit at long tables under bright lights. Their main tools are magnifying glasses and tweezers. Their job is to piece together the damaged bills. The workers try to find at least half of each of bill. Otherwise the government will not pay the owner for it.This office is very busy. It handles about 30, 000 cases per year. People may wait a long time before their case comes up, but it's worth it. The service is free, and you may get your money back.How is money damaged? Sometimes it is damaged in a fire. Then a person may have mostly ashes to send in. Sometimes money is damaged in a flood. Then the bills are faded and stuck together. People had sent money that had gone through the washing machine. Some bills have been chewed by animals. Others somehow got into blenders.Also some people don't like banks, so they hid their money in unusual places. If bills are buried in cans, they sometimes get moldy. Mice often nibble at money hidden in attics and basements.Once, a truck carrying money for a bank exploded. There was a big fire. The truck company sent in the remains of the bills. They were worth $2.5 million dollars. Thanks to the government workers, the company got a check for all the money.1. If you cannot repair money, you cannot ______.A. buy itB. use itC. hide itD. send it2. You can send badly damaged money to a government ______ in Washington, D. C.A. bankB. billC. officeD. tool3. Workers find half of a bill so the government will ______.A. pay the ownerB. fix the moneyC. call the ownerD. take the job4. Some people hide money because they don't like ______.A. firesB. checksC. miceD. banks5. Thanks to the workers, the company was able to ______.A. put out the fireB. get the money backC. write a checkD. buy the money back(4)(8 min.)(2012·十二校联考二)Poetry Writing Classes OnlineConsider it the caviar (鱼子酱) of literature: tiny eggs with wonderful taste. Poetry has inspired the human soul for thousands of years and there are those who still treasure its magnificence. If you hear mermaids singing or feel the wind or see the sun rising in ribbons then you are one of these happy few. Excellence in poetry is mysterious, but a quest(探索) is worth pursuing. In our courses, you will learn to control sound, structure, line, word, theme, etc. into wel l­crafted poems and you will improve your precision by experimenting with various time­honored forms. You will also learn how and where to market your work.LevelⅠPoetry Writing 10­Week WorkshopUsing a balance of lecture, exercise, and comment on work from the instructor and classmates, this course gives students a firm grounding in all the basics of poetry writing.● Write two­six poems● Lectures on basics of poetry craft● Writing exercises● Present work for critique(评论)(two times)PoetryⅠ is for begi nners or anyone who wants to brush up on the fundamentals.Online ClassesTuition: $395, Returning Students $365. Registration Fee $25.Each class strictly limited to 16 students, ages 18 and up.● You can still enroll in this class!AdvancedPoetry Writing 10­Week WorkshopFocusing on developing projects and receiving comment from the instructor and classmates, this course helps students sharpen their skills and work toward completion of publishable work. Begin or refine two­six poems.● Lectures that expand on basics of poetry craft● Writing Exercises● Present work for in­depth critique (two times)Online ClassesTuition: $395, Returning Students $365. Registration Fee $25.Each class strictly limited to 14 students, ages 18 and up.● You can still enroll in this class!1. You learn the following on Poetry Writing Classes Online EXCEPT ______.A. where you can sell your poemsB. why it's worth seeking excellence in poetryC. how to write a well­crafted poemD. how to sharpen your skills in poetry2. If you rejoin the online poetry writing classes, you should pay ______.A. $390B. $410C. $395D. $3653. If you are a beginner, you can start the courses from ______.A. July 14B. Aug. 14C. July 6D. Oct. 64. In Advanced Poetry Writing Class, you are asked to ______.A. lay steady foundations for the basis of poetry writingB. hand in your poems getting ready for publicationC. make comments on the works of your classmatesD. give some lectures on basics of poetry craft5. The passage is most probably from a ______.A. newspaper advertisementB. book reviewC. scientific magazineD. news report答案第二十二讲推理判断题(1)1. A 推理判断题。

第14课时 金属元素及其化合物1.(2012·江苏)下列物质转化在给定条件下能实现的是( ) ①Al 2O 3――→NaOH aq △NaAlO 2(aq)――→CO 2Al(OH)3②S ――→O 2/点燃SO 3――→H 2OH 2SO 4③饱和NaCl(aq)――→NH 3，CO 2NaHCO 3――→△Na 2CO 3 ④Fe 2O 3――→HCl aq FeCl 3(aq)――→△无水FeCl 3⑤MgCl 2(aq)――→石灰乳Mg(OH)2――→煅烧MgO A ．①③⑤ B ．②③④ C ．②④⑤ D ．①④⑤2.下列实验操作不能达到实验目的的是( ) 甲 乙 丙 丁A ．用甲图所示的方法制备Fe(OH)2B ．用乙图所示的方法证明ρ(煤油)＜ρ(钠)＜ρ(水)C ．用丙图所示的方法制取金属锰D ．用丁图所示的方法比较NaHCO 3和Na 2CO 3的热稳定性3.现榨的苹果汁在空气中会由淡绿色变为棕黄色，其原因可能是( ) A ．苹果汁中的Fe 2＋变成Fe 3＋ B ．苹果汁中含有Cu 2＋ C ．苹果汁含有OH － D ．苹果汁含有Na ＋4.某溶液中有NH＋4、Na＋、Fe2＋和Al3＋ 4种离子，若向其中加入过量的NaOH溶液，微热并搅拌，再加入过量的盐酸，溶液中大量增加的阳离子是( )A．NH＋4B．Na＋C．Fe2＋ D．Al3＋5.(2011·上海)物质的量为0.10 mol的镁条在只含有CO2和O2混合气体的容器中燃烧(产物不含碳酸镁)，反应后容器内固体物质的质量不可能为 ( ) A．3.2 g B．4.0 gC．4.2 g D．4.6 g6.(2011·山东)Al、Fe、Cu都是重要的金属元素。

下列说法正确的是( )A．三者对应的氧化物均为碱性氧化物B．三者的单质放置在空气中均只生成氧化物C．制备AlCl3、FeCl3、CuCl2均不能采用将溶液直接蒸干的方法D．电解AlCl3、FeCl3、CuCl2的混合溶液时阴极上依次析出Cu、Fe、Al7.(2011·广东)某同学通过系列实验探究Mg及其化合物的性质，操作正确且能达到目的的是( )A．将水加入浓硫酸中得稀硫酸，置镁片于其中探究Mg的活泼性B．将NaOH溶液缓慢滴入MgSO4溶液中，观察Mg(OH)2沉淀的生成C．将Mg(OH)2浊液直接倒入已装好滤纸的漏斗中过滤，洗涤并收集沉淀D．将Mg(OH)2沉淀转入表面皿中，加足量稀盐酸，加热蒸干得无水MgCl2固体8.含碳48%的某生铁样品中，加入1.4 mol·L－1的稀硝酸500 mL，完全反应后生成标准状况下的NO气体3.36 L，要使溶液中的铁元素完全沉淀，需加2 mol·L－1NaOH溶液的体积为( )A．275 mL B．350 mLC．560 mL D．700 mL9.若在加入铝粉能放出氢气的溶液中，分别加入下列各组离子，可能大量共存的是( )A ．NH ＋4 NO －3 CO 2－3 Na ＋B ．Na ＋ Ba 2＋ Mg 2＋ HCO －3C ．NO －3 Na ＋ Al3＋ Cl － D ．NO －3 K ＋ AlO －2 OH －10.等质量的三份锌a 、b 和c ，分别加入等体积等浓度的稀H 2SO 4中，a 中同时加入适量CuSO 4溶液，c 中加入适量CH 3COONa 。

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标卷Ⅱ)理科综合能力测试（生物部分90分）第Ⅰ卷选择题共21小题，每小题6分，共126分一、选择题：本大题共13小题，每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．关于DNA和RNA的叙述，正确的是A．DNA有氢键，RNA没有氢键B．一种病毒同时含有DNA和RNAC．原核细胞中既有DNA，也有RNA D．叶绿体、线粒体和核糖体都含有DNA 2．关于叶绿素的叙述，错误．．的是A．叶绿素a和叶绿素b都含有镁元素B．被叶绿素吸收的光可用于光合作用C．叶绿素a和叶绿素b在红光区的吸收峰值不同D．植物呈现绿色是由于叶绿素能有效地吸收绿光3．下列与微生物呼吸有关的叙述，错误．．的是A．肺炎双球菌无线粒体，但能进行有氧呼吸B．与细菌呼吸有关的酶由拟核中的基因编码C．破伤风芽孢杆菌适宜生活在有氧的环境中D．有氧和无氧时，酵母菌呼吸作用产物不同4．关于免疫细胞的叙述，错误．．的是A．淋巴细胞包括B细胞、T细胞和吞噬细胞B．血液和淋巴液中都含有T细胞和B细胞C．吞噬细胞和B细胞都属于免疫细胞D．浆细胞通过胞吐作用分泌抗体5．在生命科学发展过程中，证明DNA是遗传物质的实验是①孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验②摩尔根的果蝇杂交实验③肺炎双球菌转化实验④T2噬菌体侵染大肠杆菌实验⑤DNA的X光衍射实验A．①②B．②③C．③④D．④⑤6．关于酶的叙述，错误．．的是A．同一种酶可存在于分化程度不同的活细胞中B．低温能降低酶活性的原因是其破坏了酶的空间结构C．酶通过降低化学反应的活化能来提高化学反应速度D．酶既可以作为催化剂，也可以作为另一个反应的底物第Ⅱ卷非选择题共14题，共174分三、非选择题：包括必考题和选考题两部分。

第22题～第32题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答。

第33题～第40题为选考题，考生根据要求作答。

（一）必考题（11题，共129分）29．（10分）已知大麦在萌发过程中可以产生α-淀粉酶，用GA（赤霉素）溶液处理大麦注：实验结果中“+”越多表示颜色越深。